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Caye P, Gasparotto JC, Hörbe AV, Andrade LRL, Reinstein RDS, Mangini LT, Müller DCDM, Brun MV. Case report: Is bilateral renal dioctophymosis and severe uremia in a dog synonymous of euthanasia? Not today. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1396467. [PMID: 38840630 PMCID: PMC11150568 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1396467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
A dog with bilateral renal dioctophymosis presented with stage 5 acute kidney injury, weight loss, vomiting, apathy, and hematuria. Laboratory tests showed creatinine of 17.2 mg/dL and Dioctophyme renale eggs in the urine. It underwent a 30-min session of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning at a pressure of 2 ATA. Subsequently, bilateral nephroscopy was performed, without warm ischemia, using Amplatz-type renal dilators. Five parasites were removed, three females from the right kidney, one female from the left kidney, and one male from the abdominal cavity. After surgery, the patient continued doing daily hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) sessions and clinical therapy. Postoperative care consisted of analgesics, antimicrobials, antioxidants, gastric protector and fluid therapy. Ultrasound monitoring showed a reduction in the area of renal dilation and the hematological and biochemical tests showed rapid recovery from acute kidney injury. There was no bacterial growth in the urine sample collected directly from the kidneys. The patient had an excellent clinical progression and was discharged from hospital 7 days postoperatively, with creatinine values of 2.9 mg/dL. This is the first report of the use of nephroscopy in the treatment of dioctophymosis and indicates excellent chances of cure even in severe cases of bilateral parasitosis. HBOT was shown to be an ally in the clinical therapy of patients with D. renale by helping with stabilization and postoperative recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmela Caye
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center for Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jean Carlos Gasparotto
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center for Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Anna Vitória Hörbe
- Residency Program in Veterinary Medicine, University Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Rainer da Silva Reinstein
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center for Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Luiza Tonietto Mangini
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center for Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Maurício Veloso Brun
- Department of Small Animal Clinic, Rural Science Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) Research Productivity Scholarship-Level 1C (3304353/2021-3), Brazil
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Olin S, Schildt J, Lane M, Odunayo A, Springer C, Call D, Jones S, Geiser D, Millis D, Drum M. The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on snake-bite-associated wounds in dogs. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2024; 34:211-221. [PMID: 38761038 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on Crotalinae envenomation-induced wound swelling and severity and pain in dogs, and to describe the safety and complications of HBOT. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, controlled, blinded study (2017-2021). SETTING University teaching hospital, private veterinary practice. ANIMALS Thirty-six client-owned dogs presenting within 24 hours of a confirmed or suspected naturally occurring Crotalinae snake bite injury were enrolled between 2017 and 2021. INTERVENTIONS In addition to the standard of care treatment, dogs received 2 interventions with either HBOT (n = 19) or control (n = 16) within 24 hours of hospital admission. Dogs receiving HBOT were pressurized over 15 minutes (1 psi/min), maintained at a target pressure of 2 atmosphere absolute (ATA) for 30 minutes, and decompressed over 15 minutes. Control dogs received 1 ATA for 1 hour. Local wound swelling, wound severity score, and pain score were assessed at admission, before and after each intervention, and at hospital discharge. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS There was no significant difference in wound swelling (P = 0.414), severity score (P = 1.000), or pain score (P = 0.689) between HBOT and control groups. Pain decreased significantly over time regardless of the study intervention (P < 0.001). There were no major adverse effects associated with either study intervention. CONCLUSIONS HBOT did not significantly alter the short-term recovery from Crotalinae envenomation in this study population. However, the study might be underpowered to detect a significant treatment effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Olin
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Julie Schildt
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Adesola Odunayo
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Cary Springer
- Research Computing Support, Office of Information Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Dana Call
- Neel Veterinary Hospital, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Selene Jones
- Allergy Skin and Ear Clinic for Pets, Livonia, Michigan, USA
| | - Dennis Geiser
- Hospital Administration, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daryl Millis
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marti Drum
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
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Montalbano C, Kiorpes C, Elam L, Miscioscia E, Shmalberg J. Common Uses and Adverse Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in a Cohort of Small Animal Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of 2,792 Treatment Sessions. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:764002. [PMID: 34938793 PMCID: PMC8686595 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.764002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is commonly utilized for various human conditions with a low incidence of major adverse effects (0.002–0.035%). Despite growing use in veterinary patients, there remains a paucity of literature describing its use and associated complications. The purpose of this study was to report clinical use of HBOT in small animals and identify the rate of major adverse events at a university teaching hospital. Electronic medical records were searched for small animals receiving HBOT between November 2012 and February 2020. Data extracted from the medical records included signalment, treatment indication, and adverse events. Treatment sessions totaled 2,792 in 542 dogs, 24 cats, and 10 pocket pets and exotics. Common indications included neurologic injuries (50.4%), tissue healing (31.4%), control of oomycete infection (5.5%), neoplasia or post-radiation injury (5.4%), and various miscellaneous conditions (7.4%). Observed minor adverse events included agitation in two dogs and vomiting in three dogs. The most common major adverse event was central nervous system (CNS) oxygen toxicity in 19 dogs. Central nervous system oxygen toxicity, manifesting as focal or generalized seizures, occurred in 0.7% of treatment sessions, with increasing age (p = 0.01) and female sex (p = 0.01) identified as risk factors. One dog developed pulmonary edema following HBOT which is a reported adverse event in humans or may have been a manifestation of progression of the dog's underlying disease. No adverse events were noted in cats or other species. In conclusion, HBOT appeared safe across various indications, although oxygen toxicity affecting the CNS was higher than reports in humans. Future prospective, randomized, controlled trials should evaluate specific clinical indications and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Montalbano
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | | | - Lindsay Elam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Erin Miscioscia
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Justin Shmalberg
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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5
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Qi DD, Ding MY, Wang T, Hayat MA, Liu T, Zhang JT. The Therapeutic Effects of Oral Intake of Hydrogen Rich Water on Cutaneous Wound Healing in Dogs. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8110264. [PMID: 34822637 PMCID: PMC8618955 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8110264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the effects of drinking Hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on skin wound healing in dogs. Eight circular wounds were analyzed in each dog. The experimental group was treated with HRW thrice daily, while the control group was provided with distilled water (DW). The wound tissues of dogs were examined histopathologically. The fibroblasts, inflammatory cell infiltration, the average number of new blood vessels, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the skin homogenate of the wound was measured using the corresponding kits. The expressions of Nrf-2, HO-1, NQO-1, VEGF, and PDGF were measured using the real-time fluorescence quantitative method. We observed that HRW wounds showed an increased rate of wound healing, and a faster average healing time compared with DW. Histopathology showed that in the HRW group, the average thickness of the epidermis was significantly lower than the DW group. The average number of blood vessels in the HRW group was higher than the DW group. The MDA levels were higher in the DW group than in the HRW group, but the SOD levels were higher in the HRW group than in the DW group. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of each gene was significantly different between the two groups. HRW treatment promoted skin wound healing in dogs, accelerated wound epithelization, reduced inflammatory reaction, stimulated the expression of cytokines related to wound healing, and shortened wound healing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (D.-D.Q.); (M.-Y.D.); (T.W.); (M.A.H.); (T.L.)
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (D.-D.Q.); (M.-Y.D.); (T.W.); (M.A.H.); (T.L.)
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (D.-D.Q.); (M.-Y.D.); (T.W.); (M.A.H.); (T.L.)
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Muhammad Abid Hayat
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (D.-D.Q.); (M.-Y.D.); (T.W.); (M.A.H.); (T.L.)
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (D.-D.Q.); (M.-Y.D.); (T.W.); (M.A.H.); (T.L.)
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jian-Tao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (D.-D.Q.); (M.-Y.D.); (T.W.); (M.A.H.); (T.L.)
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0451-5519-0470
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Lux CN. Wound healing in animals: a review of physiology and clinical evaluation. Vet Dermatol 2021; 33:91-e27. [PMID: 34704298 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complicated process consisting of overlapping phases directed and regulated by many mediators of healing produced locally at the wound. The end goal of wound healing is the production of tissue at the site of injury which has a similar structure and provides protection to the body. Any alterations in the normal healing process can lead to delayed healing or additional tissue damage. Factors that contribute to aberrant wound healing can be species-specific and include both intrinsic (systemic) factors and extrinsic (environmental) factors. Management of wounds and recognition of alterations can be optimised by adoption of a structured framework for wound assessment, such as the TIME principle (acronym referring to the following categories: tissue, inflammation or infection, moisture, and edge of wound or epithelial advancement). This review article provides an overview of the phases of wound healing, variation of healing among different species, factors reported to delay healing, and an introduction to the TIME principle as a structured approach to clinical evaluation of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassie N Lux
- University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, 37921, USA
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Levitan DM, Hitt M, Geiser DR, Lyman R. Rationale for hyperbaric oxygen therapy in traumatic injury and wound care in small animal veterinary practice. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 62:719-729. [PMID: 34018618 PMCID: PMC8519146 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is in wide use in human medicine around the world. Although hyperbaric oxygen therapy is available for veterinary use, it is still significantly underutilised. The physical principles, gas laws and physiologic mechanisms by which hyperbaric oxygen therapy is therapeutic, especially in traumatic injuries and complicated wound care, are discussed. Then, considerations are offered for the implementation of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in veterinary practices. Finally, a review of clinical indications for veterinary practices, including a presentation of select literature, is provided. Applying hyperbaric oxygen therapy in an earlier and more consistent manner could improve short- and long-term outcomes in complicated wounds. The authors also hope this information may stimulate interest in the design of future, prospective studies for the various clinical situations described.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. M. Levitan
- College of Veterinary MedicineLong Island UniversityBrookvilleNY11548USA
| | - M. Hitt
- Atlantic Veterinary Internal Medicine and OncologyAnnapolisMD21401USA
| | - D. R. Geiser
- College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA
| | - R. Lyman
- Animal Emergency and Referral CenterFort PierceFL34982USA
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Lester M, Walton S, Vilaplana Grosso F, Shmalberg J. Treatment of abdominal granuloma and hypercalcaemia caused by
Cladophialophora bantiana
with combination antifungal chemotherapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a dog. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2019-000993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Lester
- Department of Small Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Stuart Walton
- Department of Small Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Federico Vilaplana Grosso
- Department of Small Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Justin Shmalberg
- Department of ComparativeDiagnostic and Population Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
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Tejada S, Batle JM, Ferrer MD, Busquets-Cortés C, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Nabavi SM, Del Mar Bibiloni M, Pons A, Sureda A. Therapeutic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen in the Process of Wound Healing. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1682-1693. [PMID: 31269879 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190703162648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic and non-healing wounds, especially diabetic foot ulcers and radiation injuries, imply remarkable morbidity with a significant effect on the quality of life and a high sanitary cost. The management of these wounds requires complex actions such as surgical debris, antibiotic treatment, dressings and even revascularization. These wounds are characterized by poor oxygen supply resulting in inadequate oxygenation of the affected tissue. The adjuvant treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) may increase tissue oxygenation favoring the healing of wounds which do not respond to the usual clinical care. The increase in the partial pressure of oxygen contributes to cover the energy demands necessary for the healing process and reduces the incidence of infections. Moreover, the increase in oxygen leads to the production of reactive species with hormetic activity, acting on signaling pathways that modulate the synthesis of inflammation mediators, antioxidants and growth factors which can contribute to the healing process. Studies performed with cell cultures and in animal models seem to demonstrate the beneficial effects of HBOT. However, clinical trials do not show such conclusive results; thus, additional randomized placebo-controlled studies are necessary to determine the real efficacy of HBOT and the mechanism of action for various types of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tejada
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Juan M Batle
- MEDISUB Recerca (Institut de Recerca Hiperbarica), Cami d´Aucanada 52, E-07410 Pto. de Alcudia, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Miguel D Ferrer
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Carla Busquets-Cortés
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Seyed M Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, 14359-16471 Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Del Mar Bibiloni
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Antoni Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To identify and discuss emerging trends in the therapeutic use of hyperbaric oxygen. RECENT FINDINGS There has been a maturing of the clinical evidence to support the treatment of sudden hearing loss, a wide range of problematic chronic wound states and the prevention and treatment of end-organ damage associated with diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, the controversy continues concerning the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) to treat sequelae of mild traumatic brain injury. HBOT remains poorly understood by many medical practitioners despite more than 50 years of clinical practice. Pharmacological actions arise from increased pressures of oxygen in the blood and tissues. Most therapeutic mechanisms identified are not the simple result of the reoxygenation of hypoxic tissue, but specific effects on immunological and metabolic pathways by this highly reactive element. HBOT remains controversial despite biological plausibility and a solid clinical evidence base in several disease states. SUMMARY Multiple proposals for new indications for HBOT continue to emerge. Although many of these will likely prove of limited clinical importance, some show significant promise. Responsible practitioners remain acutely aware of the need for high-quality clinical evidence before introducing emerging indications into routine practice.
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Gautier A, Graff EC, Bacek L, Fish EJ, White A, Palmer L, Kuo K. Effects of Ovariohysterectomy and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Systemic Inflammation and Oxidation in Dogs. Front Vet Sci 2020; 6:506. [PMID: 32010716 PMCID: PMC6974478 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) involves breathing 100% oxygen in a specialized compression chamber leading to hyperoxia. This treatment modality is associated with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and healing properties in people and laboratory animals. However, there are relatively few reports that evaluate the effects of HBOT in companion animals. The goal of this study was to investigate the physiological effects of HBOT on surgically induced systemic inflammation and oxidation in dogs. Material and Methods: Twelve healthy female beagle dogs were spayed and randomized into control and HBOT groups (n = 6). Both groups received conventional post-ovariohysterectomy therapy, and the HBOT group received two hyperbaric treatments at 2.0 atmosphere of absolute pressure and 100% oxygen for 35 min, 6 and 18 h after surgery. Blood samples were collected 3 h prior to ovariohysterectomy, 6, 18, and 30 h after surgery, prior to HBOT when applicable. Inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein, circulating cytokines, and changes in iron homeostasis were evaluated at each time point to determine the effects of surgery and HBOT on inflammation. Similarly, serum total oxidant status and total antioxidant status were measured to assess the oxidative stress. Pain and incision scores were recorded and compared between groups. Results: Following ovariohysterectomy, all dogs had significantly increased serum concentrations of C-reactive protein, KC-like, IL-6, and increased unsaturated iron-binding capacity compared to their pre-surgical values (p < 0.02), while serum iron, total iron-binding capacity and transferrin saturation were significantly decreased after surgery (p < 0.02). There was no significant difference between the control group and the HBOT group for any of the variables. There were no overt adverse effects in the HBOT group. Conclusion: This is the first prospective randomized controlled study to investigate the effects of HBOT on surgically induced systemic inflammation in dogs. While elective ovariohysterectomy resulted in mild inflammation, the described HBOT protocol portrayed no outward adverse effect and did not induce any detectable pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, or antioxidant effects. Additional investigation is required to identify objective markers to quantify the response to HBOT and determine its role as an adjunctive therapy in dogs with more severe, complicated or chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais Gautier
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Auburn University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Emily C Graff
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Lenore Bacek
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Auburn University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Eric J Fish
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Amelia White
- Department of Dermatology, Auburn University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Lee Palmer
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Auburn University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Kendon Kuo
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Auburn University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Auburn, AL, United States
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