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Kumar D, Khan B, Okcay Y, Sis ÇÖ, Abdallah A, Murray F, Sharma A, Uemura M, Taliyan R, Heinbockel T, Rahman S, Goyal R. Dynamic endocannabinoid-mediated neuromodulation of retinal circadian circuitry. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102401. [PMID: 38964508 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms that originate from the "master circadian clock," called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). SCN orchestrates the circadian rhythms using light as a chief zeitgeber, enabling humans to synchronize their daily physio-behavioral activities with the Earth's light-dark cycle. However, chronic/ irregular photic disturbances from the retina via the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT) can disrupt the amplitude and the expression of clock genes, such as the period circadian clock 2, causing circadian rhythm disruption (CRd) and associated neuropathologies. The present review discusses neuromodulation across the RHT originating from retinal photic inputs and modulation offered by endocannabinoids as a function of mitigation of the CRd and associated neuro-dysfunction. Literature indicates that cannabinoid agonists alleviate the SCN's ability to get entrained to light by modulating the activity of its chief neurotransmitter, i.e., γ-aminobutyric acid, thus preventing light-induced disruption of activity rhythms in laboratory animals. In the retina, endocannabinoid signaling modulates the overall gain of the retinal ganglion cells by regulating the membrane currents (Ca2+, K+, and Cl- channels) and glutamatergic neurotransmission of photoreceptors and bipolar cells. Additionally, endocannabinoids signalling also regulate the high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels to mitigate the retinal ganglion cells and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells-mediated glutamate release in the SCN, thus regulating the RHT-mediated light stimulation of SCN neurons to prevent excitotoxicity. As per the literature, cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 are becoming newer targets in drug discovery paradigms, and the involvement of endocannabinoids in light-induced CRd through the RHT may possibly mitigate severe neuropathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Department of Neuropharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, HP 173229, India.
| | - Bareera Khan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, HP 173229, India
| | - Yagmur Okcay
- University of Health Sciences Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacology, Turkey.
| | - Çağıl Önal Sis
- University of Health Sciences Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacology, Turkey.
| | - Aya Abdallah
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.
| | - Fiona Murray
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.
| | - Ashish Sharma
- School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, USA
| | - Maiko Uemura
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Rajeev Taliyan
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333301, India.
| | - Thomas Heinbockel
- Howard University College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Shafiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.
| | - Rohit Goyal
- Department of Neuropharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, HP 173229, India.
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2
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Zhao Y, Peng X, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Wang L, Xu Y, Yang H, Bai J, Geng D. Crosstalk Between the Neuroendocrine System and Bone Homeostasis. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:95-124. [PMID: 37459436 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The homeostasis of bone microenvironment is the foundation of bone health and comprises 2 concerted events: bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. In the early 21st century, leptin, an adipocytes-derived hormone, was found to affect bone homeostasis through hypothalamic relay and the sympathetic nervous system, involving neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine. This discovery has provided a new perspective regarding the synergistic effects of endocrine and nervous systems on skeletal homeostasis. Since then, more studies have been conducted, gradually uncovering the complex neuroendocrine regulation underlying bone homeostasis. Intriguingly, bone is also considered as an endocrine organ that can produce regulatory factors that in turn exert effects on neuroendocrine activities. After decades of exploration into bone regulation mechanisms, separate bioactive factors have been extensively investigated, whereas few studies have systematically shown a global view of bone homeostasis regulation. Therefore, we summarized the previously studied regulatory patterns from the nervous system and endocrine system to bone. This review will provide readers with a panoramic view of the intimate relationship between the neuroendocrine system and bone, compensating for the current understanding of the regulation patterns of bone homeostasis, and probably developing new therapeutic strategies for its related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhu Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Orthopedics Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Xiaole Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Orthopedics Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Orthopedics Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Orthopedics Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Orthopedics Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Orthopedics Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Orthopedics Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
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Kovács-Öller T, Szarka G, Hoffmann G, Péntek L, Valentin G, Ross L, Völgyi B. Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors Determine Expression Levels of Gap Junction-Forming Connexins in the Mammalian Retina. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1119. [PMID: 37509155 PMCID: PMC10377540 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Gap junctions (GJs) are not static bridges; instead, GJs as well as the molecular building block connexin (Cx) proteins undergo major expression changes in the degenerating retinal tissue. Various progressive diseases, including retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, age-related retinal degeneration, etc., affect neurons of the retina and thus their neuronal connections endure irreversible changes as well. Although Cx expression changes might be the hallmarks of tissue deterioration, GJs are not static bridges and as such they undergo adaptive changes even in healthy tissue to respond to the ever-changing environment. It is, therefore, imperative to determine these latter adaptive changes in GJ functionality as well as in their morphology and Cx makeup to identify and distinguish them from alterations following tissue deterioration. In this review, we summarize GJ alterations that take place in healthy retinal tissue and occur on three different time scales: throughout the entire lifespan, during daily changes and as a result of quick changes of light adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Kovács-Öller
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- NEURON-066 Rethealthsi Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Szarka
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- NEURON-066 Rethealthsi Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gyula Hoffmann
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- NEURON-066 Rethealthsi Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Loretta Péntek
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gréta Valentin
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Liliana Ross
- Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Béla Völgyi
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- NEURON-066 Rethealthsi Research Group, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
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4
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Bhoi JD, Goel M, Ribelayga CP, Mangel SC. Circadian clock organization in the retina: From clock components to rod and cone pathways and visual function. Prog Retin Eye Res 2023; 94:101119. [PMID: 36503722 PMCID: PMC10164718 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circadian (24-h) clocks are cell-autonomous biological oscillators that orchestrate many aspects of our physiology on a daily basis. Numerous circadian rhythms in mammalian and non-mammalian retinas have been observed and the presence of an endogenous circadian clock has been demonstrated. However, how the clock and associated rhythms assemble into pathways that support and control retina function remains largely unknown. Our goal here is to review the current status of our knowledge and evaluate recent advances. We describe many previously-observed retinal rhythms, including circadian rhythms of morphology, biochemistry, physiology, and gene expression. We evaluate evidence concerning the location and molecular machinery of the retinal circadian clock, as well as consider findings that suggest the presence of multiple clocks. Our primary focus though is to describe in depth circadian rhythms in the light responses of retinal neurons with an emphasis on clock control of rod and cone pathways. We examine evidence that specific biochemical mechanisms produce these daily light response changes. We also discuss evidence for the presence of multiple circadian retinal pathways involving rhythms in neurotransmitter activity, transmitter receptors, metabolism, and pH. We focus on distinct actions of two dopamine receptor systems in the outer retina, a dopamine D4 receptor system that mediates circadian control of rod/cone gap junction coupling and a dopamine D1 receptor system that mediates non-circadian, light/dark adaptive regulation of gap junction coupling between horizontal cells. Finally, we evaluate the role of circadian rhythmicity in retinal degeneration and suggest future directions for the field of retinal circadian biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Bhoi
- Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, McGovern Medical School, UTHEALTH-The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Honors Research Program, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Manvi Goel
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christophe P Ribelayga
- Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, McGovern Medical School, UTHEALTH-The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Honors Research Program, William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Stuart C Mangel
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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5
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Miller AL, Fuller-Carter PI, Masarini K, Samardzija M, Carter KW, Rashwan R, Lim XR, Brunet AA, Chopra A, Ram R, Grimm C, Ueffing M, Carvalho LS, Trifunović D. Increased H3K27 trimethylation contributes to cone survival in a mouse model of cone dystrophy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:409. [PMID: 35810394 PMCID: PMC9271452 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a heterogeneous group of blinding disorders, which result in dysfunction or death of the light-sensing cone and rod photoreceptors. Despite individual IRDs (Inherited retinal disease) being rare, collectively, they affect up to 1:2000 people worldwide, causing a significant socioeconomic burden, especially when cone-mediated central vision is affected. This study uses the Pde6ccpfl1 mouse model of achromatopsia, a cone-specific vision loss IRD (Inherited retinal disease), to investigate the potential gene-independent therapeutic benefits of a histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4 on cone cell survival. We investigated the effects of GSK-J4 treatment on cone cell survival in vivo and ex vivo and changes in cone-specific gene expression via single-cell RNA sequencing. A single intravitreal GSK-J4 injection led to transcriptional changes in pathways involved in mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, among other key epigenetic pathways, highlighting the complex interplay between methylation and acetylation in healthy and diseased cones. Furthermore, continuous administration of GSK-J4 in retinal explants increased cone survival. Our results suggest that IRD (Inherited retinal disease)-affected cones respond positively to epigenetic modulation of histones, indicating the potential of this approach in developing a broad class of novel therapies to slow cone degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie L Miller
- Retinal Genomics and Therapy Group, Lions Eye Institute Ltd, 2 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Paula I Fuller-Carter
- Retinal Genomics and Therapy Group, Lions Eye Institute Ltd, 2 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Klaudija Masarini
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Tübingen University, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Straße 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marijana Samardzija
- Lab for Retinal Cell Biology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kim W Carter
- Analytical Computing Solutions, Willetton, WA, 6155, Australia
| | - Rabab Rashwan
- Retinal Genomics and Therapy Group, Lions Eye Institute Ltd, 2 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Xin Ru Lim
- Retinal Genomics and Therapy Group, Lions Eye Institute Ltd, 2 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Alicia A Brunet
- Retinal Genomics and Therapy Group, Lions Eye Institute Ltd, 2 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Abha Chopra
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ramesh Ram
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Christian Grimm
- Lab for Retinal Cell Biology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Tübingen University, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Straße 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Livia S Carvalho
- Retinal Genomics and Therapy Group, Lions Eye Institute Ltd, 2 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Dragana Trifunović
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Tübingen University, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Straße 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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