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Noureldeen ME, Shahin NN, Amin HAA, El-Sawalhi MM, Ghaiad HR. Parthenolide ameliorates 3-nitropropionic acid-induced Huntington's disease-like aberrations via modulating NLRP3 inflammasome, reducing microglial activation and inducing astrocyte shifting. Mol Med 2024; 30:158. [PMID: 39327568 PMCID: PMC11425901 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes motor, cognitive, and psychiatric abnormalities, with no satisfying disease-modifying therapy so far. 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP) induces behavioural deficits, together with biochemical and histological alterations in animals' striata that mimic HD. The role of nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in HD pathogenesis remains largely uncharacterized. Parthenolide (PTL), a naturally occurring nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitor, is also known to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome. Whether PTL is beneficial in HD has not been established yet. AIM This study evaluated the possible neuroprotective effects of PTL against 3NP-induced behavioural abnormalities, striatal biochemical derangements, and histological aberrations. METHODS Male Wistar rats received PTL (0.5 mg/kg/day, i.p) for 3 weeks and 3NP (10 mg/kg/day, i.p) was administered alongside for the latter 2 weeks to induce HD. Finally, animals were subjected to open-field, Morris water maze and rotarod tests. Rat striata were examined histologically, striatal protein expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), cluster of differentiation 45 (CD45) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were evaluated immunohistochemically, while those of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba1) and glutamate were determined by ELISA. Striatal nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein (Keap1), NF-κB, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), caspase-1, S100 calcium-binding protein A10 (S100A10) and complement-3 (C3) were assessed by gene expression analysis. RESULTS PTL improved motor, locomotor, cognitive and anxiety-like behaviours, restored neuronal integrity, upregulated Nrf2, and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome, NF-κB and microglial activation. Additionally, PTL induced astrocyte shifting towards the neuroprotective A2 phenotype. CONCLUSION PTL exhibits neuroprotection against 3NP-induced HD, that might be ascribed, at least in part, to its modulatory effects on Keap1/Nrf2 and NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona E Noureldeen
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Nancy N Shahin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hebat Allah A Amin
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Maha M El-Sawalhi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Heba R Ghaiad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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Shi Y, Xu N, Liu B, Ma Y, Fu X, Shang Y, Huang Q, Yao Q, Chen J, Li H. Mifepristone protects acetaminophen induced liver injury through NRF2/GSH/GST mediated ferroptosis suppression. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:229-243. [PMID: 38906233 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent cell death that has attracted significant attention for its potential role in numerous diseases. Targeted inhibition of ferroptosis could be of potential use in treating diseases: such as drug induced liver injury (DILI). Ferroptosis can be antagonized by the xCT/GSH/GPX4, FSP1/CoQ10, DHODH/CoQ10, GCH1/BH4, and NRF2 pathways. Identifying novel anti-ferroptosis pathways will further promote our understanding of the biological nature of ferroptosis and help discover new drugs targeting ferroptosis related human diseases. In this study, we identified the clinically used drug mifepristone (RU486) as a novel ferroptosis inhibitor. Mechanistically, RU486 inhibits ferroptosis by inducing GSH synthesis pathway, which supplies GSH for glutathione-S-transferase (GST) mediated 4-HNE detoxification. Furthermore, RU486 induced RLIP76 and MRP1 export 4-HNE conjugate contributes to its anti-ferroptosis activity. Interestingly, RU486 induced GSH/GSTs/RLIP76&MRP1 anti-ferroptosis pathway acts independent of classic anti-ferroptosis systems: including xCT/GSH/GPX4, FSP1, DHODH, GCH1, SCD1 and FTH1. Moreover, NRF2 was identified to be important for RU486's anti-ferroptosis activity by inducing downstream gene expression. Importantly, in mouse model, RU486 showed strong protection effect on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury, evidenced by decreased ALT, AST level and histological recovery after APAP treatment. Interestingly, RU486 also decreased oxidative markers, including 4-HNE and MDA, and induced NRF2 activation as well as GSTs, MRP1 expression. Together, these data suggest NRF2/GSH/GST/RLIP76&MRP1 mediated detoxification pathway as an important independent anti-ferroptosis pathway act both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Shi
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Nahua Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Baiping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children (Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University), Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Yanni Ma
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xuemei Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children (Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University), Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Yingying Shang
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qilin Huang
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Guiqian International General Hospital, Changpo Road, Wudang District, Guiyang, 550000, China.
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Jieping Chen
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children (Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University), Chongqing, 401120, China; Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
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3
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Ou Yong BM, Awuah WA, Shah MH, Sanker V, Huk JKS, Venkata SY, Patel DH, Tan JK, Khan NA, Kulasekaran A, Sarkar M, Abdul-Rahman T, Atallah O. Intracerebral haemorrhage in multiple sclerosis: assessing the impact of disease-modifying medications. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:344. [PMID: 38918831 PMCID: PMC11197372 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disorder that significantly impacts the central nervous system, leading to a range of complications. While intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) is a rare but highly morbid complication, more common CNS complications include progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and other CNS infections. This severe form of stroke, known for its high morbidity and mortality rates, presents a critical challenge in the management of MS. The use of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) in treating MS introduces a nuanced aspect to patient care, with certain medications like Dimethyl Fumarate and Fingolimod showing potential in reducing the risk of ICH, while others such as Alemtuzumab and Mitoxantrone are associated with an increased risk. Understanding the intricate relationship between these DMDs, the pathophysiological mechanisms of ICH, and the individualised aspects of each patient's condition is paramount. Factors such as genetic predispositions, existing comorbidities, and lifestyle choices play a crucial role in tailoring treatment approaches, emphasising the importance of a personalised, vigilant therapeutic strategy. The necessity for ongoing and detailed research cannot be overstated. It is crucial to explore the long-term effects of DMDs on ICH occurrence and prognosis in MS patients, aiming to refine clinical practices and promote patient-centric, informed therapeutic decisions. This approach ensures that the management of MS is not only comprehensive but also adaptable to the evolving understanding of the disease and its treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vivek Sanker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trivandrum Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | | | - Diti H Patel
- Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Davie, FL, USA
| | | | - Noor Ayman Khan
- DOW Medical College, DOW University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Baba-E-Urdu Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Manali Sarkar
- MGM Medical College Navi, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Oday Atallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Jensen M, Liu S, Stepula E, Martella D, Birjandi AA, Farrell‐Dillon K, Chan KLA, Parsons M, Chiappini C, Chapple SJ, Mann GE, Vercauteren T, Abbate V, Bergholt MS. Opto-Lipidomics of Tissues. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2302962. [PMID: 38145965 PMCID: PMC11005704 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism and signaling play pivotal functions in biology and disease development. Despite this, currently available optical techniques are limited in their ability to directly visualize the lipidome in tissues. In this study, opto-lipidomics, a new approach to optical molecular tissue imaging is introduced. The capability of vibrational Raman spectroscopy is expanded to identify individual lipids in complex tissue matrices through correlation with desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) - mass spectrometry (MS) imaging in an integrated instrument. A computational pipeline of inter-modality analysis is established to infer lipidomic information from optical vibrational spectra. Opto-lipidomic imaging of transient cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in a murine model of ischemic stroke demonstrates the visualization and identification of lipids in disease with high molecular specificity using Raman scattered light. Furthermore, opto-lipidomics in a handheld fiber-optic Raman probe is deployed and demonstrates real-time classification of bulk brain tissues based on specific lipid abundances. Opto-lipidomics opens a host of new opportunities to study lipid biomarkers for diagnostics, prognostics, and novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Jensen
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Shiyue Liu
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Elzbieta Stepula
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Davide Martella
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Anahid A. Birjandi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Keith Farrell‐Dillon
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research ExcellenceSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | | | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular BiophysicsKing's College LondonLondonSE1 1ULUK
| | - Ciro Chiappini
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Sarah J. Chapple
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9NHUK
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research ExcellenceSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Giovanni E. Mann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9NHUK
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research ExcellenceSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Tom Vercauteren
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonWC2R 2LSUK
| | - Vincenzo Abbate
- Department of AnalyticalEnvironmental and Forensic SciencesKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Mads S. Bergholt
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
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Cai L, Xia M, Zhang F. Redox Regulation of Immunometabolism in Microglia Underpinning Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:423. [PMID: 38671871 PMCID: PMC11047590 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among the working-age population. Microglia, resident immune cells in the retina, are recognized as crucial drivers in the DR process. Microglia activation is a tightly regulated immunometabolic process. In the early stages of DR, the M1 phenotype commonly shifts from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis for energy production. Emerging evidence suggests that microglia in DR not only engage specific metabolic pathways but also rearrange their oxidation-reduction (redox) system. This redox adaptation supports metabolic reprogramming and offers potential therapeutic strategies using antioxidants. Here, we provide an overview of recent insights into the involvement of reactive oxygen species and the distinct roles played by key cellular antioxidant pathways, including the NADPH oxidase 2 system, which promotes glycolysis via enhanced glucose transporter 4 translocation to the cell membrane through the AKT/mTOR pathway, as well as the involvement of the thioredoxin and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 antioxidant systems, which maintain microglia in an anti-inflammatory state. Therefore, we highlight the potential for targeting the modulation of microglial redox metabolism to offer new concepts for DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luwei Cai
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; (L.C.); (M.X.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Mengxue Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; (L.C.); (M.X.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; (L.C.); (M.X.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
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6
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Pan F, Shu Q, Xie H, Zhao L, Wu P, Du Y, Lu J, He Y, Wang X, Peng H. Protective effects of triptolide against oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelium cells via the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway: a network pharmacological method and experimental validation. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3955-3972. [PMID: 38393691 PMCID: PMC10929812 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Among aging adults, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a prevalent cause of blindness. Nevertheless, its progression may be halted by antioxidation in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The primary effective constituent of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F., triptolide (TP), has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antioxidant properties. The mechanics of the protective effect of triptolide against the oxidative damage in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) were assessed in this study. METHODS ARPE-19 cells were pretreated with TP, and then exposed to sodium iodate (SI). First, cell viability was assessed using CCK-8. Subsequently, we measured indicators for cell oxidation including reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Then, we used network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking to explore the signaling pathway of TP. Last, we used western blot, ELISA, and immunofluorescence assays to clarify the potential mechanistic pathways. RESULTS The network pharmacology data suggested that TP may inhibit AMD by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Experimental results showed that the potential mechanism is that it regulates the PI3K/Akt pathway and promotes Nrf2 phosphorylation and activation, thereby raising the level of antioxidant factors (HO-1, NQO1) and reducing the generation of ROS, which inhibit oxidative damage. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that the effect of TP on SI-exposed RPE cells principally relies on the regulation of oxidative stress through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qinxin Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hao Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yong Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuxia He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing 400016, China
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7
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Lal R, Dharavath RN, Chopra K. Nrf2 Signaling Pathway: a Potential Therapeutic Target in Combating Oxidative Stress and Neurotoxicity in Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:593-608. [PMID: 37644279 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is one of the major adverse effects of antineoplastic drugs, which decrease the quality of life in cancer survivors. Extensive experimental and clinical research suggests that chemotherapeutic drugs generate an enormous amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and neuronal death, eventually leading to CICI. Despite the progress in exploring different pathological mechanisms of CICI, effective treatment to prevent CICI progression has not been developed yet. Nrf2 is the principal transcription factor that regulates cellular redox balance and inflammation-related gene expression. Emerging evidence suggests that upregulation of Nrf2 and its target genes could suppress oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, restore BBB integrity, and increase neurogenesis. This review discusses the role of Nrf2 in CICI, how it responds to oxidative stress, inflammation, neurotoxicity, and potential Nrf2 activators that could be used to enhance Nrf2 activation in CICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Lal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ravinder Naik Dharavath
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Yuhan L, Khaleghi Ghadiri M, Gorji A. Impact of NQO1 dysregulation in CNS disorders. J Transl Med 2024; 22:4. [PMID: 38167027 PMCID: PMC10762857 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
NAD(P)H Quinone Dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of neuronal function and synaptic plasticity, cellular adaptation to oxidative stress, neuroinflammatory and degenerative processes, and tumorigenesis in the central nervous system (CNS). Impairment of the NQO1 activity in the CNS can result in abnormal neurotransmitter release and clearance, increased oxidative stress, and aggravated cellular injury/death. Furthermore, it can cause disturbances in neural circuit function and synaptic neurotransmission. The abnormalities of NQO1 enzyme activity have been linked to the pathophysiological mechanisms of multiple neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain injury, and brain malignancy. NQO1 contributes to various dimensions of tumorigenesis and treatment response in various brain tumors. The precise mechanisms through which abnormalities in NQO1 function contribute to these neurological disorders continue to be a subject of ongoing research. Building upon the existing knowledge, the present study reviews current investigations describing the role of NQO1 dysregulations in various neurological disorders. This study emphasizes the potential of NQO1 as a biomarker in diagnostic and prognostic approaches, as well as its suitability as a target for drug development strategies in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuhan
- Epilepsy Research Center, Münster University, Münster, Germany
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Münster University, Münster, Germany.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Münster University, Münster, Germany.
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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9
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Chen Y, Pang J, Ye L, Zhang Z, Lin S, Lin N, Lee TH, Liu H. Disorders of the central nervous system: Insights from Notch and Nrf2 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115383. [PMID: 37643483 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional complexity of the central nervous system (CNS) is unparalleled in living organisms. It arises from neural crest-derived cells that migrate by the exact route, leading to the formation of a complex network of neurons and glial cells. Recent studies have shown that novel crosstalk exists between the Notch1 and Nrf2 pathways and is associated with many neurological diseases. The Notch1-Nrf2 axis may act on nervous system development, and the molecular mechanism has recently been reported. In this review, we summarize the essential structure and function of the CNS. The significance of interactions between signaling pathways and between developmental processes like proliferation, apoptosis and migration in ensuring the correct development of the CNS is also presented. We primarily focus on research concerning possible mechanism of interaction between Notch1 and Nrf2 and the functions of Notch1-Nrf2 in neurons. There may be a direct interaction between Notch1 and NRF2, which is closely related to the crosstalk that occurs between them. The significance and potential applications of the Notch1-Nrf2 axis in abnormal development of the nervous system are been highlighten. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms by which the Notch1-Nrf2 axis controls the apoptosis, antioxidant pathway and differentiation of neurons to modulate the development of the nervous system. This information will lead to a better understanding of Notch1-Nrf2 axis signaling pathways in the nervous system and may facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Jiao Pang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Lu Ye
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Suijin Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Na Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Hekun Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China.
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Liu Z, Wang J, Jin X, Gao P, Zhao Y, Yin M, Ma X, Xin Z, Zhao Y, Zhou X, Gao W. 1,8-Cineole Alleviates OGD/R-Induced Oxidative Damage and Restores Mitochondrial Function by Promoting the Nrf2 Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1371-1384. [PMID: 37532524 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of 1,8-cineole on reducing oxidative stress injury and restoring mitochondrial function in oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) HT22 cells via the nuclear factor erythrocyte 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. The optimal concentration of 1,8-cineole to reduce OGD/R injury was screened via cell morphology, cell survival rate, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage rate. Oxidative damage was observed by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT) activities, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxidation (LPO) content, and 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHDG) expression. Mitochondrial function was observed by mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATPase activity. Nrf2 pathways were observed by the expression levels of total Nrf2, nucleus Nrf2, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H): quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the mRNA levels of HO-1 and NQO1. Among different concentrations of 1,8-cineole for promoting HT22 cell proliferation and attenuated OGD/R injury, 10 µmol/L 1,8-cineole was the best. After 1,8-cineole treatment, SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT activities and GSH content increased, while ROS, MDA, LPO, protein carbonyl, and 8-OHDG levels decreased. 1,8-Cineole could restore MMP and increase mitochondrial enzyme activity. It could also increase the total Nrf2, nucleus Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1, and Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol reduced the effect of 1,8-cineole. Immunofluorescence assay showed that 1,8-cineole could facilitate the transfer of Nrf2 into the nucleus. 1,8-cineole increased the mRNA levels of NQO1 and HO-1. The above results showed that 1,8-cineole could alleviate OGD/R-induced oxidative damage and restores mitochondrial function by activating the Nrf2 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Jing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaofei Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Ping Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yanmeng Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Meijuan Yin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xian Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Ziyuan Xin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yuemou Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Weijuan Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
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11
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Molina-Salinas G, Langley E, Cerbon M. Prolactin-induced neuroprotection against excitotoxicity is mediated via PI3K/AKT and GSK3β/NF-κB in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons. Peptides 2023; 166:171037. [PMID: 37301481 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormone that has been reported to play a significant role in neuroprotection against neuronal excitotoxicity produced by glutamate (Glu) or kainic acid (KA) in both, in vitro and in vivo models. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in PRL's neuroprotective effects in the hippocampus have not been completely elucidated. The aim of the present study was to assess the signaling pathways involved in PRL neuroprotection against excitotoxicity. Primary rat hippocampal neuronal cell cultures were used to assess PRL-induced signaling pathway activation. The effects of PRL on neuronal viability, as well as its effects on activation of key regulatory pathways, phosphoinositide 3-kinases/Protein Kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β / nuclear factor kappa B (GSK3β/NF-κB), were evaluated under conditions of Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Additionally, the effect on downstream regulated genes such as Bcl-2 and Nrf2, was assessed. Here, we show that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is activated by PRL treatment during excitotoxicity, promoting neuronal survival through upregulation of active AKT and GSK3β/NF-κB, resulting in induction of Bcl-2 and Nrf2 gene expression. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway abrogated the protective effect of PRL against Glu-induced neuronal death. Overall, results indicate that the neuroprotective actions of PRL are mediated in part, by the activation of the AKT pathway and survival genes. Our data support the idea that PRL could be useful as a potential neuroprotective agent in different neurological and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Molina-Salinas
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México 04510, Mexico
| | - E Langley
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, CDMX, México 14080, Mexico
| | - M Cerbon
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México 04510, Mexico.
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12
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Chen B, Jin W. A comprehensive review of stroke-related signaling pathways and treatment in western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1200061. [PMID: 37351420 PMCID: PMC10282194 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1200061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides insight into the complex network of signaling pathways and mechanisms involved in stroke pathophysiology. It summarizes the historical progress of stroke-related signaling pathways, identifying potential interactions between them and emphasizing that stroke is a complex network disease. Of particular interest are the Hippo signaling pathway and ferroptosis signaling pathway, which remain understudied areas of research, and are therefore a focus of the review. The involvement of multiple signaling pathways, including Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and AMPK in pathophysiological mechanisms such as oxidative stress and apoptosis, highlights the complexity of stroke. The review also delves into the details of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies such as Rehmanniae and Astragalus, providing an analysis of the recent status of western medicine in the treatment of stroke and the advantages and disadvantages of TCM and western medicine in stroke treatment. The review proposes that since stroke is a network disease, TCM has the potential and advantages of a multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism of action in the treatment of stroke. Therefore, it is suggested that future research should explore more treasures of TCM and develop new therapies from the perspective of stroke as a network disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhao Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Shaikh SA, Muthuraman A. Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Ameliorates the Aluminium Chloride-Induced Neurovascular Dysfunction-Associated Vascular Dementia in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:828. [PMID: 37375775 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurovascular dysfunction leads to the second most common type of dementia, i.e., vascular dementia (VaD). Toxic metals, such as aluminium, increase the risk of neurovascular dysfunction-associated VaD. Hence, we hypothesized that a natural antioxidant derived from palm oil, i.e., tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF), can attenuate the aluminium chloride (AlCl3)-induced VaD in rats. Rats were induced with AlCl3 (150 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for seven days followed by TRF treatment for twenty-one days. The elevated plus maze test was performed for memory assessment. Serum nitrite and plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were measured as biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction and small vessel disease determination. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) was determined as brain oxidative stress marker. Platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C) expression in the hippocampus was identified using immunohistochemistry for detecting the neovascularisation process. AlCl3 showed a significant decrease in memory and serum nitrite levels, while MPO and TBARS levels were increased; moreover, PDGF-C was not expressed in the hippocampus. However, TRF treatment significantly improved memory, increased serum nitrite, decreased MPO and TBARS, and expressed PDGF-C in hippocampus. Thus, the results imply that TRF reduces brain oxidative stress, improves endothelial function, facilitates hippocampus PDGF-C expression for neovascularisation process, protects neurons, and improves memory in neurovascular dysfunction-associated VaD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab A Shaikh
- Pharmacology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Arunachalam Muthuraman
- Pharmacology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
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Li X, Hua Y, Yang C, Liu S, Tan L, Guo J, Li Y. Polysaccharides extracted from mulberry fruits (Morus nigra L.): antioxidant effect of ameliorating H 2O 2-induced liver injury in HepG2 cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:112. [PMID: 37046263 PMCID: PMC10091537 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03925-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mori Fructus is an economical and readily available traditional Chinese medicine and food. Polysaccharides in Mori Fructus have clear antioxidant activity and have been found to alleviate oxidative stress (OS)-induced liver damage in experimental studies. The mechanism of regulation of cellular antioxidant activity by mulberry polysaccharides has been suggested to be Nrf2, but it is not clear whether the Nrf2 pathway is mediated by activation of other targets, and the exact process of effects in hepatocytes has yet to be elucidated. METHODS In this study, the basic characterization of total polysaccharides extracted from mulberry fruits (Morus nigra Linn.) was analyzed. A model of oxidative damage induced by H2O2 in HepG2 cells was established. The levels of cellular oxidation-related markers, including ROS, SOD and Gpx, were then examined. Furthermore, Q-PCR and Western-blot were used to detect the expression of genes and proteins related to the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2 signaling pathway. RESULTS The results showed that a total mulberry polysaccharides (TMP) has a molecular weight of 57.5 kDa with a pyranose ring mainly composed of glucose (48.81%), galactose (22.79%) and mannose (18.2%). TMP reduced the accumulation of ROS in HepG2 cells after H2O2 treatment and modulated the activity of SOD and Gpx. Q-PCR and Western-blot showed that TMP could up-regulate the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, Nrf2, NQO1 and HO-1. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that TMP can reduce ROS accumulation in H2O2-treated HepG2 cells and restore cell viability by activating the PI3K/AKT-mediated Nrf2 pathway. TMP may be a potent antioxidant agent that could slow down oxidative damage to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinle Li
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Hua
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Caixia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Sijing Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Li Tan
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China.
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Li
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China.
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15
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Zhang Z, Pang X, Wei Y, Chen H, Jin X, Lv Q. Neuroprotective effects of Chrysanthemum morifolium on cerebral ischemia- reperfusion injury contributes to the oxidative stress suppression and related Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Brain Inj 2023; 37:269-281. [PMID: 36567616 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2158225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke, the cause of death and disability worldwide, is closely related to oxidative stress damage. Chrysanthemum has profound antiantioxidant activity. We aimed to verify whether Chrysanthemum morifolium extract (CME) influences brain injury in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CR/RI) model. METHODS In vitro, rat hippocampal H19-7 neurons were pretreated with CME, CR/RI was simulated with oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). The cell viability, apoptosis, lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, malonaldehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity were detected. In vivo, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model rats were pre-administered with CME, and then behavioral test, triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL), ROS immunofluorescence, MDA and SOD activity were tested. Furthermore, Keap1/Nrf2 signaling of CME in CI/RI was investigated. RESULTS In OGD/R induced in H19-7 cells, CME increased OGD/R-induced cell viability and reduced cell apoptosis, which was reversed by siNrf2 transfection . In MCAO rats, CME improved the neurological deficits and alleviated brain injury. However, co-treatment with MLK385 counteracted these neuroprotective effects of CME on MCAO rats. CONCLUSION CME could significantly reduce oxidative stress and nerve injury in vitro and in vivo models of CI/RI by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuyu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huai Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuhong Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingping Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Yin M, Liu Z, Wang J, Gao W. Buyang Huanwu decoction alleviates oxidative injury of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion through PKCε/Nrf2 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115953. [PMID: 36442760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ischemic stroke is a significant risk factor for human health, and Buyang Huanwu Decoction is a classical and famous Chinese formula for treating it, but without clear pharmacological mechanism. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate that the molecular mechanism of BYHWD activation of the PKCε/Nrf2 signaling pathway to attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) oxidative damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MCAO method was used to establish a brain I/R injury model in SD rats, and neurological deficits were evaluated by neurological function score. Neuronal damage was observed by Nissl staining and immunofluorescence detection of MAP2 expression. Oxidative damage was observed by ROS, SOD, GSH-PX, MDA, and 8-OHdG. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by using the fluorescent probe JC-1. The Western blot analysis detected protein expression of PKCε, P-PKCε, total Nrf2, nuclear Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1. RESULTS BYHWD significantly enhanced neural function, reduced neuronal damage, inhibited the production of ROS, decreased MDA and 8-OHdG levels, increased SOD and GSH-PX activity to reduce oxidative damage, and restored mitochondrial membrane potential. BYHWD and Nrf2 activator TBHQ increased total Nrf2, nucleus Nrf2 protein expression, and its downstream HO-1 and NQO1 proteins, and the administration of the Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol reduced the enhancing effect of BYHWD. Meanwhile, BYHWD increased the expression of PKCε and P-PKCε and the administration of the PKCε inhibitor εV1-2 reduced the effect of BYHWD in increasing the expression of PKCε, P-PKCε, nuclear Nrf2, and HO-1, as well as promoting the effect of Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus. CONCLUSION This study marks the first to demonstrate that BYHWD ameliorates oxidative damage and attenuates brain I/R injury by activating the PKCε/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijuan Yin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China.
| | - Zhenyi Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China; Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Weijuan Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China.
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17
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Xu P, Kong L, Tao C, Zhu Y, Cheng J, Li W, Shen N, Li R, Zhang C, Wang L, Zhang Y, Wang G, Liu X, Sun W, Hu W. Elabela-APJ axis attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting neuronal ferroptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 196:171-186. [PMID: 36681202 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of non-apoptotic cell death caused by iron-dependent peroxidation of lipids. It contributes to ischemic stroke-induced neuronal damage. Elabela (ELA), a novel endogenous ligand for Apelin receptor (APJ), regulates oxidative stress and exerts a protective role in cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of ELA-APJ axis on cellular ferroptosis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) remains elusive. The present study showed that ELA and APJ were expressed on neurons and increased after cerebral I/R injury. The I/R insult triggered typical molecular and morphological features of neuronal ferroptosis, including iron and MDA accumulation, mitochondrial shrink and membrane rupture, upregulation of positive ferroptosis regulators and downregulation of negative regulators. ELA-32 treatment reduced brain infarction and ameliorated neurobehavioral deficits and cognitive dysfunction. Moreover, ELA-32 administration alleviated neuronal ferroptosis, accompanied by reduced iron deposition, decreased mitochondrial damage, relived lipid peroxidation and glutathione reduction. Such effects of ELA-32 were abolished by AAV-APJ-RNAi or nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) inhibitor ML385. Mechanistically, ELA was shown to bind to APJ and activate NRF2/ARE anti-oxidative signaling pathway via Gα13. Together, these findings suggested that ELA-APJ axis mitigates neuronal ferroptosis after ischemic stroke and that the ELA-32 peptide may be a putative therapeutic avenue for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lingqi Kong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Chunrong Tao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yuyou Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| | - Wen Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
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Wang Z, Li Y, Ye Y, Zhu H, Zhang J, Wang H, Lei J, Gu L, Zhan L. NLRP3 inflammasome deficiency attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ferroptosis. Brain Res Bull 2023; 193:37-46. [PMID: 36435361 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of ferroptosis in ischemic stroke has been hotly debated recently, but the mechanism is not clearly clarified. It has been reported that the NLRP3 inflammasome is essential for the progression of ischemic stroke. Whether the ferroptosis after ischemic stroke mediated by the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is still not reported. In this study, we investigated the effect of NLRP3 deficiency on ferroptosis following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS In vivo, we used C57BL/6J mice and NLRP3-/- mice to establish a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). After 3 days of reperfusion, we assessed neurological function and then performed TTC staining to measure the infarct volume. Besides, we measured the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins and the ferroptosis-inhibiting protein glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) by western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF). Moreover, we evaluated the levels of ferroptosis-related factors (Fe2+, MDA and GSH) in the infarct area by using appropriate kits. Furthermore, we used WB to measure the expression of Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which participate in the progression of ischemic stroke. In vitro, we knocked down NLRP3 with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and established an oxygen glucose deprivation/Reperfusion (OGD/R) model in BV2 cells to simulate ischemic conditions. Next, we assessed the viability of BV2 cells by the Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 cytotoxicity assay. Moreover, we used WB to measure the expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, GPX4, Keap1 and Nrf2 proteins which are involved in CIRI. RESULTS Three days after MCAO, the NLRP3-/- mice exhibited smaller cerebral infarct volumes and lower neurological deficit scores. The expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins (IL-18 and IL-1β) and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway moleculars (Keap1 and Nrf2) in mice brain tissue and BV2 cells were inhibited by NLRP3 knockout/knockdown, while the expression of GPX4, one of the ferroptosis-related factors was increased. Furthermore, the contents of Fe2+ and MDA in the brain tissues of NLRP3-/- mice were decreased, while the content of GSH were increased significantly. CONCLUSION Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome alleviates CIRI by inhibiting ferroptosis and inflammation, possibly through a mechanism of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yina Li
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yingze Ye
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jiaxi Lei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Lijuan Gu
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Liying Zhan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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19
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Antioxidant Phytochemicals as Potential Therapy for Diabetic Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010123. [PMID: 36670985 PMCID: PMC9855127 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes continues to increase partly due to rapid urbanization and an increase in the aging population. Consequently, this is associated with a parallel increase in the prevalence of diabetic vascular complications which significantly worsen the burden of diabetes. For these diabetic vascular complications, there is still an unmet need for safe and effective alternative/adjuvant therapeutic interventions. There is also an increasing urge for therapeutic options to come from natural products such as plants. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is central to the development of diabetes and diabetic complications. Furthermore, oxidative stress-induced inflammation and insulin resistance are central to endothelial damage and the progression of diabetic complications. Human and animal studies have shown that polyphenols could reduce oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and prevent diabetic complications including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Part of the therapeutic effects of polyphenols is attributed to their modulatory effect on endogenous antioxidant systems. This review attempts to summarize the established effects of polyphenols on endogenous antioxidant systems from the literature. Moreover, potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing the potential benefits of polyphenols for diabetic vascular complications are also discussed.
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Liu N, Fan Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Liu Y, Li Y, Kang Z, Peng Y, Ru Z, Yang M, Feng C, Wang Y, Yang X. OL-FS13 Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting miR-21-3p Expression. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2550-2562. [PMID: 37132110 PMCID: PMC10616927 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230502111013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OL-FS13, a neuroprotective peptide derived from Odorrana livida, can alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury, although the specific underlying mechanism remains to be further explored. OBJECTIVE The effect of miR-21-3p on the neural-protective effects of OL-FS13 was examined. METHODS In this study, the multiple genome sequencing analysis, double luciferase experiment, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting were used to explore the mechanism of OL-FS13. RESULTS Showed that over-expression of miR-21-3p against the protective effects of OL-FS13 on oxygen- glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-damaged pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and in CI/R-injured rats. miR-21-3p was then found to target calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CAMKK2), and its overexpression inhibited the expression of CAMKK2 and phosphorylation of its downstream adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thereby inhibiting the therapeutic effects of OL-FS13 on OGD/R and CI/R. Inhibition of CAMKK2 also antagonized up-regulated of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) by OL-FS13, thereby abolishing the antioxidant activity of the peptide. CONCLUSION Our results showed that OL-FS13 alleviated OGD/R and CI/R by inhibiting miR-21-3p to activate the CAMKK2/AMPK/Nrf-2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yingxuan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yinglei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650504, China
| | - Yuansheng Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zijian Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zeqiong Ru
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Chengan Feng
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650504, China
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
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21
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D’Amico R, Impellizzeri D, Cordaro M, Siracusa R, Interdonato L, Crupi R, Gugliandolo E, Macrì F, Di Paola D, Peritore AF, Fusco R, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R. Regulation of Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress by Oral Boswellia Serrata Gum Resin Extract in a Rat Model of Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315348. [PMID: 36499679 PMCID: PMC9736785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMS) is a gynecological disease characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis dysregulation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Boswellia serrata gum resin extract (BS) on the endometriotic lesions in a rat model of endometriosis. We divided female rats into three groups, including Sham, EMS, EMS + BS. In the EMS and EMS + BS groups, pathology was induced and after 7 days by the abdominal high-frequency ultrasound (hfUS) analysis the presence of the endometriotic lesions was confirmed. Subsequently, the EMS + BS group was administered with BS (100 mg/Kg) daily for another 7 days. At the end of the experiment, the hfUS analysis was repeated and the animals were sacrificed to evaluate the size and histoarchitecture of the endometriotic implants. Pelvic ultrasound showed increased size of the endometriotic lesions in the Endo group, while BS administration reduced the lesion size. The macroscopic analysis confirmed the reduced area and volume of the endometriotic lesions of the EMS + BS group. The histological analysis showed reduced characteristic of ectopic stroma and glands in the animals treated with BS. Western blot analyses were conducted to evaluate the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. BS increases the expression of Nfr2 in the nucleus and the expression of its downstream antioxidant proteins NQO-1 and HO-1. Moreover, it reduced lipid peroxidation and increased glutathione (GSH) levels, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. BS administration also restored the impaired apoptotic pathway in the lesions by reducing Bcl-2 expression and increasing Bax and cleaved caspase 9 levels. The BS apoptotic effect was also confirmed by the cleavage of PARP, another specific marker of apoptosis, and by the TUNEL assay. Our results show that BS administration resulted in an effective and coordinated suppression of Endo owing to its antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunzita, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunzita, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Macrì
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunzita, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, n 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunzita, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Savigamin C, Samuthpongtorn C, Mahakit N, Nopsopon T, Heath J, Pongpirul K. Probiotic as a Potential Gut Microbiome Modifier for Stroke Treatment: A Systematic Scoping Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173661. [PMID: 36079918 PMCID: PMC9460291 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments for stroke are essential but can be costly or harmful, whereas probiotics are a promising alternative. This scoping review aimed to synthesize the in vitro and in vivo evidence of probiotics on stroke-related neurological, biochemical, and histochemical outcomes. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials (CENTRAL) up to 7 May 2021. Titles and abstracts were screened and assessed by two independent reviewers. The initial screening criteria aimed to include studies using probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics both in vitro and in vivo for the prevention and/or treatment of stroke. RESULTS Of 6293 articles, 4990 passed the initial screen after excluding duplication articles, of which 36 theme-related full texts were assessed and 13 were included in this review. No in vitro studies passed the criteria to be included in this review. Probiotics can ameliorate neurological deficits and show their anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative properties. Decreased loss of cerebral volume and inhibition of neuronal apoptosis were revealed in histopathological evidence. CONCLUSIONS There are potential cognitive benefits of probiotic supplementation, especially among animal models, on decreasing cerebral volume, increasing neurological score, and decreasing the inflammatory response. However, further investigation is needed to validate these conclusions in various populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatuthanai Savigamin
- Department of Parasitology, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chatpol Samuthpongtorn
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Global Health, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuttida Mahakit
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Global Health, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanawin Nopsopon
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Global Health, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julia Heath
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Krit Pongpirul
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Global Health, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Clinical Research Center, Bumrungrad International Hospital, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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23
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Natural Compounds for SIRT1-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Stroke: A Potential Therapeutic Target in the Future. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1949718. [PMID: 36105479 PMCID: PMC9467755 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1949718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a fatal cerebral vascular disease with a high mortality rate and substantial economic and social costs. ROS production and neuroinflammation have been implicated in both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke and have the most critical effects on subsequent brain injury. SIRT1, a member of the sirtuin family, plays a crucial role in modulating a wide range of physiological processes, including apoptosis, DNA repair, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress. Targeting SIRT1 to reduce ROS and neuroinflammation might represent an emerging therapeutic target for stroke. Therefore, we conducted the present review to summarize the mechanisms of SIRT1-mediated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in stroke. In addition, we provide a comprehensive introduction to the effect of compounds and natural drugs on SIRT1 signaling related to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in stroke. We believe that our work will be helpful to further understand the critical role of the SIRT1 signaling pathway and will provide novel therapeutic potential for stroke treatment.
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24
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Kapoor S, Kala D, Svoboda J, Daněk J, Faridová A, Brnoliaková Z, Mikulecká A, Folbergrová J, Otáhal J. The effect of sulforaphane on perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in rats. Physiol Res 2022; 71:401-411. [PMID: 35616041 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic insult (HII) is one of the main devastating causes of morbidity and mortality in newborns. HII induces brain injury which evolves to neurological sequelae later in life. Hypothermia is the only therapeutic approach available capable of diminishing brain impairment after HII. Finding a novel therapeutic method to reduce the severity of brain injury and its consequences is critical in neonatology. The present paper aimed to evaluate the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) pre-treatment on glucose metabolism, neurodegeneration, and functional outcome at the acute, sub-acute, and sub-chronic time intervals in the experimental model of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic insult in rats. To estimate the effect of SFN on brain glucose uptake we have performed 18F-deoxyglucose (FDG) microCT/PET. The activity of FDG was determined in the hippocampus and sensorimotor cortex. Neurodegeneration was assessed by histological analysis of Nissl-stained brain sections. To investigate functional outcomes a battery of behavioral tests was employed. We have shown that although SFN possesses a protective effect on glucose uptake in the ischemic hippocampus 24 h and 1 week after HII, no effect has been observed in the motor cortex. We have further shown that the ischemic hippocampal formation tends to be thinner in HIE and SFN treatment tends to reverse this pattern. We have observed subtle chronic movement deficit after HII detected by ladder rung walking test with no protective effect of SFN. SFN should be thus considered as a potent neuroprotective drug with the capability to interfere with pathophysiological processes triggered by perinatal hypoxic-ischemic insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kapoor
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Laboratory of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic.
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25
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Marques MS, Marinho MAG, Vian CO, Horn AP. The action of curcumin against damage resulting from cerebral stroke: a systematic review. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106369. [PMID: 35914679 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Treatments for stroke are limited, and preventive treatments are scarce. Curcumin (CUR) has several biological effects, as described in the literature, which highlight its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, this qualitative systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of CUR on damage caused by stroke in rodent models. A systematic search was performed on three databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. In addition, the risk-of-bias and quality of the studies were assessed using SYRCLE and Collaborative Approach for Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies, respectively. The selection, inclusion, and exclusion criteria were established by the authors. At the end of our systematic search of the three databases, we found a total of 728 articles. After excluding duplicates and triplicates and reading the abstracts, keywords, and full texts, 53 articles were finally included in this systematic review. CUR exerts several beneficial effects against the damage caused by both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, via different pathways. However, because of its low bioavailability, Free-form CUR only exerted significant effects when it was administered at high concentrations. In contrast, when CUR was administered using nanostructured systems, positive responses were observed even at low concentrations. The mechanisms of action of CUR, free or in nanostructure, are extremely important for the recovery of injured brain tissue after a stroke; CUR has neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects and helps to maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Finally, we concluded that CUR presents an extremely important and significant response profile against the damage caused by stroke, making it a possible therapeutic candidate for individuals affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Marques
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil.
| | - M A G Marinho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - C O Vian
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - A P Horn
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
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Liu N, Li Y, Yang Y, Shu L, Liu Y, Wu Y, Sun D, Kang Z, Zhang Y, Ni D, Wei Z, Li S, Yang M, Wang Y, Sun J, Yang X. OL-FS13 alleviates experimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Neurol 2022; 357:114180. [PMID: 35901974 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is the main cause of neurological injury after stroke. However, existing treatments for I/R injury are relatively poor, and relevant drugs need to be further explored. Amphibians have received increasing attention as a resource bank of bioactive peptides. However, reports on neuroprotective peptides from amphibians remain extremely rare. Here, we identified a new neuroprotective peptide (OL-FS13, amino acid sequence: FSLLLTWWRRRVC) from the odorous frog species Odorrana livida using a constructed cDNA library. OL-FS13 significantly improving infarct volume, behavioral and histological abnormalities in rats, and also showed neuroprotective activities in PC12 cell (by oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation, OGD/R). Mechanistically, OL-FS13 increased the level of antioxidative enzymes to resist oxidative stress and alleviated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by I/R and OGD/R. The use of ML385 (Nrf2 inhibitor) indicated that OL-FS13 relieved nerve damage caused by oxidative and ER stress by increasing the nuclear displacement of Nrf2. Collectively, this research provides a novel drug candidate for the clinical cerebral I/R curation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Endocrinology Department of affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Longjun Shu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zijian Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dan Ni
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ziqi Wei
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
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27
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Isoflavones from Semen Sojae Preparatum Improve Atherosclerosis and Oxidative Stress by Modulating Nrf2 Signaling Pathway through Estrogen-Like Effects. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4242099. [PMID: 35432565 PMCID: PMC9010186 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4242099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) often occurs in cardiovascular disease, which is a chronic vascular disease and is harmful to human health. Oxidative stress is involved in its etiology. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Isoflavones from semen sojae preparatum (ISSP) in inhibiting oxidative stress and its important molecular mechanisms through in vivo and in vitro experiments. ApoE−/− mice were used to establish atherosclerosis models through a high-fat diet, and endothelial cells were used to establish oxidative stress injury models through ox-LDL induction. The degree of oxidative stress damage was assessed by detecting changes in ET-1, LDH, SOD, and MDA indicators. It was observed that after ISSP treatment, the oxidative stress damage of mice and endothelial cells was improved. The Nrf2/AER signaling pathway is an important antioxidant pathway that has attracted our attention. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 in mice aortae and endothelial cells. The results showed that the Nrf2 signaling pathway was activated after ISSP intervention. In addition, in this study, after preantagonizing the estrogen receptors GPR30 and ERβ, it was observed that the effects of ISSP in treating endothelial cell oxidative damage and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway were weakened. After silencing Nrf2 by Nrf2-siRNA transfection, the effect of ISSP in treating endothelial cell oxidative damage was inhibited. This study shows that ISSP may reduce oxidative stress damage and atherosclerosis through the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and this effect may involve the GPR30 and ERβ estrogen receptors.
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28
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Gong P, Zhang W, Zou C, Han S, Tian Q, Wang J, He P, Guo Y, Li M. Andrographolide Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption, Neuronal Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress Through Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:508-519. [PMID: 35305248 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide (Andro), a diterpene of the labdane family extracted from the Asian plant Andrographis paniculata, is neuroprotective against stroke and Alzheimer's disease. However, whether Andro protected the brain against subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was still unknown. Thus, we explored whether Andro attenuated blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and neuronal apoptosis and inhibited oxidative stress to protect the brain against SAH both in vitro and in vivo and detected underlying mechanisms of Andro's neuroprotective effects in the present study. Oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb)-treated neuronal PC12 cells were used as an in vitro model. An in vivo model was established using Sprague-Dawley rats. Moreover, we used an inhibitor of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) (ZnPPIX) in vitro and in vivo experiments to evaluate whether the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) cascade acted as one protective molecular mechanism of Andro against SAH. Our results revealed that, in vitro, Andro increased cell viability, inhibited apoptosis, and activated Nrf2/HO-1 cascade of neuronal PC12 cells treated with OxyHb. In vivo, Andro attenuated the neurological dysfunction, neuronal apoptosis, BBB disruption, brain edema, and oxidative stress and activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. ZnPPIX reversed the effects of Andro in vitro and in vivo. Our research suggested that Andro alleviated BBB disruption, neuronal apoptosis, and oxidative stress in SAH, possibly via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pian Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlin Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoumeng Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Peibang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Jaganjac M, Milkovic L, Zarkovic N, Zarkovic K. Oxidative stress and regeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 181:154-165. [PMID: 35149216 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration is the process of replacing/restoring a damaged cell/tissue/organ to its full function and is limited respecting complexity of specific organ structures and the level of differentiation of the cells. Unlike physiological cell turnover, this tissue replacement form is activated upon pathological stimuli such as injury and/or disease that usually involves inflammatory response. To which extent will tissue repair itself depends on many factors and involves different mechanisms. Oxidative stress is one of them, either acute, as in case of traumatic brin injury or chronic, as in case of neurodegeneration, oxidative stress within brain involves lipid peroxidation, which generates reactive aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). While 4-HNE is certainly neurotoxic and causes disruption of the blood brain barrier in case of severe injuries, it is also physiologically produced by glial cells, especially astrocytes, but its physiological roles within CNS are not understood. Because 4-HNE can regulate the response of the other cells in the body to stress, enhance their antioxidant capacities, proliferation and differentiation, we could assume that it may also have some beneficial role for neuroregeneration. Therefore, future studies on the relevance of 4-HNE for the interaction between neuronal cells, notably stem cells and reactive astrocytes might reveal novel options to better monitor and treat consequences or brain injuries, neurodegeneration and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morana Jaganjac
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Div. Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija Milkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Div. Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Div. Molecular Medicine, Bijenicka 54, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Kamelija Zarkovic
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Div. of Pathology, Neuropathology Unit, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, Zagreb, Croatia
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30
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Christopher E, Loan JJM, Samarasekera N, McDade K, Rose J, Barrington J, Hughes J, Smith C, Al-Shahi Salman R. Nrf2 activation in the human brain after stroke due to supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage: a case–control study. BMJ Neurol Open 2022; 4:e000238. [PMID: 35265844 PMCID: PMC8860052 DOI: 10.1136/bmjno-2021-000238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Pharmacological activation of the antioxidative transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) improves outcomes in experimental models of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). However, the Nrf2 pathway has not been previously studied in humans after ICH. Our study aims to address this gap. Methods We selected cases with fatal ICH from a prospective community-based inception cohort study and age-matched and sex-matched controls who died suddenly of non-neurological disease. We used immunohistochemistry to quantify Nrf2 (% total area stained overall and % of nuclei stained) and CD68 expression in controls and perihaematomal, ipsilateral and contralateral brain tissue from cases. We measured downstream haem oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 [NQO1] expression using RNA in situ hybridisation. Results 26 ICH cases (median age: 82 (IQR 76–86); 13 (50%) male) and eight controls (median age: 79 (IQR 77–80); 3 (37.5%) male) were included. We found no significant differences in overall % of Nrf2 staining between ICH cases and controls. However, the mean % of nuclei staining for Nrf2 seemed higher in perihaematomal compared with contralateral regions, although this was only statistically significant >60 days after ICH (25% (95% CI 17% to 33%) vs 14% (95% CI 11% to 17%), p=0.029). The percentage of perihaematomal tissue staining for CD68 was higher >60 days after ICH (6.75%, 95% CI 2.78% to 10.73%) compared with contralateral tissue (1.45%, 95% CI 0.93% to 1.96%, p=0.027) and controls (1.08%, 95% CI 0.20% to 1.97%, p=0.0008). RNA in situ hybridisation suggested increased abundance of HMOX1 and NQO1 transcripts in perihaematomal versus distant ipsilateral brain tissue obtained <7 days from onset of ICH. Conclusions We found evidence of Nrf2 activation in human brain tissue after ICH. Pharmacological augmentation of Nrf2 activation after ICH might be a promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Christopher
- The University of Edinburgh College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James J M Loan
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neshika Samarasekera
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karina McDade
- Academic Neuropathology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jamie Rose
- Academic Neuropathology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jack Barrington
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jeremy Hughes
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin Smith
- Academic Neuropathology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rustam Al-Shahi Salman
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Ulasov AV, Rosenkranz AA, Georgiev GP, Sobolev AS. Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling: Towards specific regulation. Life Sci 2022; 291:120111. [PMID: 34732330 PMCID: PMC8557391 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Nrf2 transcription factor governs the expression of hundreds genes involved in cell defense against oxidative stress, the hallmark of numerous diseases such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, some viral pathologies, diabetes and others. The main route for Nrf2 activity regulation is via interactions with the Keap1 protein. Under the normoxia the Keap1 binds the Nrf2 and targets it to the proteasomal degradation, while the Keap1 is regenerated. Upon oxidative stress the interactions between Nrf2 and Keap1 are interrupted and the Nrf2 activates the transcription of the protective genes. Currently, the Nrf2 system activation is considered as a powerful cytoprotective strategy for treatment of different pathologies, which pathogenesis relies on oxidative stress including viral diseases of pivotal importance such as COVID-19. The implementation of this strategy is accomplished mainly through the inactivation of the Keap1 "guardian" function. Two approaches are now developing: the Keap1 modification via electrophilic agents, which leads to the Nrf2 release, and direct interruption of the Nrf2:Keap1 protein-protein interactions (PPI). Because of theirs chemical structure, the Nrf2 electrophilic inducers could non-specifically interact with others cellular proteins leading to undesired effects. Whereas the non-electrophilic inhibitors of the Nrf2:Keap1 PPI could be more specific, thereby widening the therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Ulasov
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey A Rosenkranz
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskiye Gory St., 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgii P Georgiev
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Sobolev
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskiye Gory St., 119234 Moscow, Russia
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32
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Dipeptides VL increase protein accumulation in C2C12 cells by activating the Akt-mTOR pathway and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Posttranscriptional regulation of Nrf2 through miRNAs and their role in Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106018. [PMID: 34863823 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2/Nrf2) is a pivotal facilitator of cytoprotective responses against the oxidative/electrophilic insults. Upon activation, Nrf2 induces transcription of a wide range of cytoprotective genes having antioxidant response element (ARE) in their promoter region. Dysfunction in Nrf2 signaling has been linked to the pathogenesis of AD and several studies have suggested that boosting Nrf2 expression/activity by genetic or pharmacological approaches is beneficial in AD. Among the diverse mechanisms that regulate the Nrf2 signaling, miRNAs-mediated regulation of Nrf2 has gained much attention in recent years. Several miRNAs have been reported to directly repress the post-transcriptional expression of Nrf2 and thereby negatively regulate the Nrf2-dependent cellular cytoprotective response in AD. Moreover, several Nrf2 targeting miRNAs are misregulated in AD brains. This review is focused on the role of misregulated miRNAs that directly target Nrf2, in AD pathophysiology. Here, alongside a general description of functional interactions between miRNAs and Nrf2, we have reviewed the evidence indicating the possible role of these miRNAs in AD pathogenesis.
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34
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Zhang H, Xu J, Peng C, Qiu J, Wang Z, Regenstein JM, Yang X, Zheng Z. Anti-fatigue liquid formulations made from fruits. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Potjewyd G, Kellett K, Hooper N. 3D hydrogel models of the neurovascular unit to investigate blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Neuronal Signal 2021; 5:NS20210027. [PMID: 34804595 PMCID: PMC8579151 DOI: 10.1042/ns20210027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU), consisting of neurons, glial cells, vascular cells (endothelial cells, pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)) together with the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM), is an important interface between the peripheral blood and the brain parenchyma. Disruption of the NVU impacts on blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulation and underlies the development and pathology of multiple neurological disorders, including stroke and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The ability to differentiate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into the different cell types of the NVU and incorporate them into physical models provides a reverse engineering approach to generate human NVU models to study BBB function. To recapitulate the in vivo situation such NVU models must also incorporate the ECM to provide a 3D environment with appropriate mechanical and biochemical cues for the cells of the NVU. In this review, we provide an overview of the cells of the NVU and the surrounding ECM, before discussing the characteristics (stiffness, functionality and porosity) required of hydrogels to mimic the ECM when incorporated into in vitro NVU models. We summarise the approaches available to measure BBB functionality and present the techniques in use to develop robust and translatable models of the NVU, including transwell models, hydrogel models, 3D-bioprinting, microfluidic models and organoids. The incorporation of iPSCs either without or with disease-specific genetic mutations into these NVU models provides a platform in which to study normal and disease mechanisms, test BBB permeability to drugs, screen for new therapeutic targets and drugs or to design cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Potjewyd
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Katherine A.B. Kellett
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Nigel M. Hooper
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance and University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K
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36
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Protective Effect of Uric Acid on ox-LDL-Induced HUVECs Injury via Keap1-Nrf2-ARE Pathway. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5151168. [PMID: 34761008 PMCID: PMC8575640 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5151168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid is an effective antioxidant. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is derived from circulating LDL and promotes atherosclerosis. The Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway is a key body pathway involved in protection against internal and external oxidative damages. The role of uric acid on vascular endothelial function damaged by ox-LDL, and its effect on the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway has not been fully explored. HUVECs were treated with different concentrations of uric acid and ox-LDL to explore the effect of uric acid in vitro. Cell phenotype was determined by cytometry and Western blot. Nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was determined by immunofluorescence. Coimmunoprecipitation was used to determine the level of Nrf2 ubiquitination. A microfluidic device was used to mimic the vascular environment in the body, and the level of mRNA levels of inflammatory factors was determined by RT-PCR. The findings of this study show that suitable uric acid can significantly reduce endothelial damage caused by ox-LDL, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and increased adhesion. In addition, uric acid reduced Nrf2 ubiquitination and increased nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein, thus activating the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway and playing a protective role. Interestingly, the effects of UA were significantly inhibited by administration of Brusatol, an inhibitor of Nrf2. In summary, suitable concentrations of uric acid can alleviate the oxidative stress level of endothelial cells through Nrf2 nuclear translocation and further protect cells from damage.
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37
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Castro-Grattoni AL, Suarez-Giron M, Benitez I, Tecchia L, Torres M, Almendros I, Farre R, Targa A, Montserrat JM, Dalmases M, Barbé F, Gozal D, Sánchez-de-la-Torre M. The effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia in cardiovascular gene expression is modulated by age in a mice model of sleep apnea. Sleep 2021; 44:6071377. [PMID: 33417710 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is a major determinant in obstructive sleep apnea cardiovascular morbidity and this effect is influenced by age. The objective of the present study was to assess the differential molecular mechanisms at gene-level expression involved in the cardiovascular remodeling induced by CIH according to chronological age. METHODS Two- and 18-month-old mice (N = 8 each) were subjected to CIH or normoxia for 8 weeks. Total messenger RNA (mRNA) was extracted from left ventricle myocardium and aortic arch, and gene expression of 46 intermediaries of aging, oxidative stress, and inflammation was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Cardiac gene expression of Nrf2 (2.05-fold increase, p < 0.001), Sod2 (1.9-fold increase, p = 0.035), Igf1r (1.4-fold increase, p = 0.028), Mtor (1.8-fold increase, p = 0.06), Foxo3 (1.5-fold increase, p = 0.020), Sirt4, Sirt6, and Sirt7 (1.3-fold increase, p = 0.012; 1.1-fold change, p = 0.031; 1.3-fold change, p = 0.029) was increased after CIH in young mice, but not in old mice. In aortic tissue, endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase was reduced in young mice (p < 0.001), Nrf2 was reduced in 80% (p < 0.001) in young mice and 45% (p = 0.07) in old mice, as its downstream antioxidant target Sod2 (82% reduced, p < 0.001). IL33. CONCLUSIONS CIH effect in gene expression is organ-dependent, and is modulated by age. CIH increased transcriptional expression of genes involved in cardioprotection and cell survival in young, but not in old mice. In aortic tissue, CIH reduced gene expression related to an antioxidant response in both young and old mice, suggesting vascular oxidative stress and a proaging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel L Castro-Grattoni
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital University Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Ivan Benitez
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital University Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lourdes Tecchia
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital University Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Torres
- Agency for Health Quality and Assessment of Catalonia (AQuAS), Barcelona - CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias - CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farre
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriano Targa
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital University Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep M Montserrat
- Laboratori del son, Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Dalmases
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital University Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Barbé
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital University Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Department, Hospital University Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Group of Precision Medicine in Chronic Diseases, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova-Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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Pacifici F, Rovella V, Pastore D, Bellia A, Abete P, Donadel G, Santini S, Beck H, Ricordi C, Daniele ND, Lauro D, Della-Morte D. Polyphenols and Ischemic Stroke: Insight into One of the Best Strategies for Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061967. [PMID: 34201106 PMCID: PMC8229516 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is still among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The pathogenic mechanisms beyond its development are several and are complex and this is the main reason why a functional therapy is still missed. The beneficial effects of natural compounds against cardiovascular diseases and IS have been investigated for a long time. In this article, we reviewed the association between the most studied polyphenols and stroke protection in terms of prevention, effect on acute phase, and rehabilitation. We described experimental and epidemiological studies reporting the role of flavonols, phenolic acid, and stilbens on ischemic mechanisms leading to stroke. We analyzed the principal animal models used to evaluate the impact of these micronutrients to cerebral blood flow and to molecular pathways involved in oxidative stress and inflammation modulation, such as sirtuins. We reported the most significant clinical trials demonstrated as the persistent use of polyphenols is clinically relevant in terms of the reduction of vascular risk factors for IS, such as Atrial Fibrillation. Interestingly, different kinds of polyphenols provide brain protection by activating different pathways and mechanisms, like inducing antithrombotic effect, such as Honokiol. For this reason, we discussed an appropriate integrative use of them as a possible therapeutic alternative against stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pacifici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (V.R.); (D.P.); (A.B.); (N.D.D.); (D.L.)
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (V.R.); (D.P.); (A.B.); (N.D.D.); (D.L.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Donatella Pastore
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (V.R.); (D.P.); (A.B.); (N.D.D.); (D.L.)
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (V.R.); (D.P.); (A.B.); (N.D.D.); (D.L.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Abete
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giulia Donadel
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Silvia Santini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Heinz Beck
- Campus Principe di Napoli, Università Unipegaso, 80132 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (V.R.); (D.P.); (A.B.); (N.D.D.); (D.L.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Davide Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (V.R.); (D.P.); (A.B.); (N.D.D.); (D.L.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (V.R.); (D.P.); (A.B.); (N.D.D.); (D.L.)
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Interdisciplinary Center for Advanced Studies on Lab-on-Chip and Organ-on-Chip Applications (ICLOC), University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-305-243-4790
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Asgharzade S, Talaei A, Farkhondeh T, Forouzanfar F. Combining Growth Factor and Stem Cell Therapy for Stroke Rehabilitation, A Review. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:781-791. [PMID: 31914912 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200107100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a serious, life-threatening condition demanding vigorous search for new therapies. Recent research has focused on stem cell-based therapies as a viable choice following ischemic stroke, based on studies displaying that stem cells transplanted to the brain not only survive but also cause functional recovery. Growth factors defined as polypeptides that regulate the growth and differentiation of many cell types. Many studies have demonstrated that combined use of growth factors may increase results by the stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection properties, and enhancement of stem cell survival rates and so may be more effective than a single stem cell therapy. This paper reviews and discusses the most promising new stroke recovery research, including combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Asgharzade
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Andisheh Talaei
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Neuroprotective and antioxidative effects of pioglitazone in brain tissue adjacent to the ischemic core are mediated by PI3K/Akt and Nrf2/ARE pathways. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1073-1083. [PMID: 33864097 PMCID: PMC8313471 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract The present study elucidates the neuroprotective mechanisms of the PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) agonist pioglitazone in survival of ischemic neurons following middle cerebral artery occlusion with reperfusion (MCAO). Intracerebroventricular infusion of pioglitazone over 5 days before and 24 or 48 h after MCAO alleviated neurological impairments, inhibited apoptosis 24 h, and activated the PI3K/Akt pathway along with increased phosphorylation of Akt (ser473) and GSK-3β (ser9) in the peri-infarct cortical areas 48 h after MCAO. In primary cortical neurons, pioglitazone suppressed the glutamate-induced release of lactate dehydrogenase by a PPARγ-dependent mechanism. This protective effect was reversed after co-treatment with PI3K and Akt inhibitors, LY294002 and SH-6, respectively. Pioglitazone enhanced the expression of the antioxidative transcription factor Nrf2 and its target gene protein, heme oxidase-1, in the peri-infarct area. Pioglitazone also increased activation of the antioxidant response element (ARE) in neuronal PC12 cells transfected with the pNQO1-rARE plasmid. We demonstrate in primary cortical neurons from Nrf2 knockout mice that the lack of Nrf2 completely abolished the neuroprotective effects of pioglitazone against oxidative and excitotoxic damage. Our results strongly suggest that the neuroprotective effects of PPARγ in peri-infarct brain tissues comprise the concomitant activation of the PI3K/Akt and Nrf2/ARE pathways. Key messages Pioglitazone inhibits apoptosis in ischemic brain tissue. Pioglitazone acting on PPARγ activates PI3K/Akt pathway in ischemic brain tissue. Pioglitazone activates via Nrf2 the antioxidant defense pathway in injured neurons. Pioglitazone activates the antioxidant response element in neuronal PC12 cells. Pioglitazone fails to protect primary neurons lacking Nrf2 against oxidative damage. Activation of PPARγ supports the survival of viable neurons in peri-infarct regions.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00109-021-02065-3.
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Revuelta M, Elicegui A, Scheuer T, Endesfelder S, Bührer C, Moreno-Cugnon L, Matheu A, Schmitz T. In vitro P38MAPK inhibition in aged astrocytes decreases reactive astrocytes, inflammation and increases nutritive capacity after oxygen-glucose deprivation. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6346-6358. [PMID: 33563843 PMCID: PMC7993689 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Proper astroglial functioning is essential for the development and survival of neurons and oligodendroglia under physiologic and pathological circumstances. Indeed, malfunctioning of astrocytes represents an important factor contributing to brain injury. However, the molecular pathways of this astroglial dysfunction are poorly defined. In this work we show that aging itself can drastically perturb astrocyte viability with an increase of inflammation, cell death and astrogliosis. Moreover, we demonstrate that oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) has a higher impact on nutritive loss in aged astrocytes compared to young ones, whereas aged astrocytes have a higher activity of the anti-oxidant systems. P38MAPK signaling has been identified to be upregulated in neurons, astrocytes and microglia after ischemic stroke. By using a pharmacological p38α specific inhibitor (PH-797804), we show that p38MAPK pathway has an important role in aged astrocytes for inflammatory and oxidative stress responses with the subsequent cell death that occurs after OGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Revuelta
- Department for Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin 13353, Germany
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Paseo Doctor Begiristain, San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Amaia Elicegui
- Department for Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin 13353, Germany
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Till Scheuer
- Department for Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Stefanie Endesfelder
- Department for Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Christoph Bührer
- Department for Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Leire Moreno-Cugnon
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Paseo Doctor Begiristain, San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Ander Matheu
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Paseo Doctor Begiristain, San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
- CIBERfes, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Thomas Schmitz
- Department for Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin 13353, Germany
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Thinking outside the Ischemia Box: Advancements in the Use of Multiple Sclerosis Drugs in Ischemic Stroke. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040630. [PMID: 33562264 PMCID: PMC7914575 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of death and disability, despite early intervention. Thrombo-inflammation, the inflammatory process triggered by ischemia, is a concept that ties IS with multiple sclerosis (MS), under the wider ‘umbrella’ of neuroinflammation, i.e., the inflammation of the nervous tissue. Drawing from this, numerous studies have explored the potential of MS disease-modifying drugs in the setting of IS. In this review, we present the available studies and discuss their potential in ameliorating IS outcomes. Based on our search, the vast majority of the studies have been conducted on animals, yielding mostly positive results. Two clinical trials involving natalizumab showed that it does not confer any benefits, but four human studies regarding fingolimod have showcased its potential in improving recovery prospects. However, concerns on safety and other issues are raised, and basic questions still need to be answered.
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Guo S, Li Y, Wei B, Liu W, Li R, Cheng W, Zhang X, He X, Li X, Duan C. Tim-3 deteriorates neuroinflammatory and neurocyte apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage through the Nrf2/HMGB1 signaling pathway in rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:21161-21185. [PMID: 33168786 PMCID: PMC7695377 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is known to play an important role in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3) has emerged as a critical regulator of adaptive and innate immune responses, and has been identified to play a vital role in certain inflammatory diseases; The present study explored the effect of Tim-3 on inflammatory responses and detailed mechanism in EBI following SAH. We investigated the effects of Tim-3 on SAH models established by endovascular puncture method in Sprague–Dawley rats. The present studies revealed that SAH induced a significant inflammatory response and significantly increased Tim-3 expression. Tim-3-AAV administration aggravated neurocyte apoptosis, brain edema, blood-brain barrier permeability, and neurological dysfunction; significantly inhibited Nrf2 expression; and increased HMGB1 expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-17, and IL-18. However, Tim-3 siRNA or NK252 administration abolished the pro-inflammatory effects of Tim-3. Our results indicate a function for Tim-3 as a molecular player that links neuroinflammation and brain damage after SAH. We reveal that Tim-3 overexpression deteriorates neuroinflammatory and neurocyte apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage through the Nrf2/HMGB1 signaling pathway in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenquan Guo
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhi Li
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hengyang Hospital, Southern Medical University (Hengyang Central Hospital), Hengyang, China
| | - Boyang Wei
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ran Li
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenping Cheng
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuying He
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xifeng Li
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanzhi Duan
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Role of Nrf2 and Its Activators in Cardiocerebral Vascular Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4683943. [PMID: 32831999 PMCID: PMC7428967 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4683943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiocerebral vascular disease (CCVD) is a common disease with high morbidity, disability, and mortality. Oxidative stress (OS) is closely related to the progression of CCVD. Abnormal redox regulation leads to OS and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause biomolecular and cellular damage. The Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway is one of the most important defense systems against exogenous and endogenous OS injury, and Nrf2 is regarded as a vital pharmacological target. The complexity of the CCVD pathological process and the current difficulties in conducting clinical trials have hindered the development of therapeutic drugs. Furthermore, little is known about the role of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in CCVD. Clarifying the role of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in CCVD can provide new ideas for drug design. This review details the recent advancements in the regulation of the Nrf2/ARE system and its role and activators in common CCVD development.
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Severo L, Godinho D, Machado F, Hartmann D, Fighera MR, Soares FA, Furian AF, Oliveira MS, Royes LF. The role of mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative stress in depressive behavior in recurrent concussion model in mice. Life Sci 2020; 257:117991. [PMID: 32569782 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health problem in which even though 80 to 90% of cases are considered mild, usually starts a sequence of neurological disorders that can last a considerable time. Most of the research of this injury has been focused on oxidative stress and functional deficits; however, mechanisms that underlie the development of neuropsychiatric disorders remain little researched. Due to this, the present authors decided to investigate whether recurrent concussion protocols alter depressive-like phenotype behavior, and whether mitochondria play an indispensable role in this behavior or not. The experimental data revealed, for the first time, that the present protocol of recurrent concussions (4, 7, and 10 injuries) in mice did not alter immobility time during tail suspension tests (TSTs), but decreased hippocampal mitochondrial respiration and increased expression of proteins such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and superoxide (SOD2). This experimental data suggests that bioenergetic changes elicited by recurrent concussion did not induce depressive-like behavior, but activated the transcription factor of responsive antioxidant elements (ARE) that delay or prevent secondary cascades in this neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Severo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Douglas Godinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Machado
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Diane Hartmann
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Félix Alexandre Soares
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Flavia Furian
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Royes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Jiang CT, Wu WF, Deng YH, Ge JW. Modulators of microglia activation and polarization in ischemic stroke (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2006-2018. [PMID: 32323760 PMCID: PMC7115206 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. However, there is a current lack of effective therapies available. As the resident macrophages of the brain, microglia can monitor the microenvironment and initiate immune responses. In response to various brain injuries, such as ischemic stroke, microglia are activated and polarized into the proinflammatory M1 phenotype or the anti‑inflammatory M2 phenotype. The immunomodulatory molecules, such as cytokines and chemokines, generated by these microglia are closely associated with secondary brain damage or repair, respectively, following ischemic stroke. It has been shown that M1 microglia promote secondary brain damage, whilst M2 microglia facilitate recovery following stroke. In addition, autophagy is also reportedly involved in the pathology of ischemic stroke through regulating the activation and function of microglia. Therefore, this review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of microglia activation, their functions and changes, and the modulators of these processes, including transcription factors, membrane receptors, ion channel proteins and genes, in ischemic stroke. The effects of autophagy on microglia polarization in ischemic stroke were also reviewed. Finally, future research areas of ischemic stroke and the implications of the current knowledge for the development of novel therapeutics for ischemic stroke were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ting Jiang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Feng Wu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Hui Deng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Wen Ge
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
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Zhou L, Zhou M, Tan H, Xiao M. Cypermethrin-induced cortical neurons apoptosis via the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 165:104547. [PMID: 32359539 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residue is a common problem worldwide. Cypermethrin is a type II pyrethroid pesticide that has been widely used in recent years. It has become a widespread residual pesticide in the environment and agricultural products. The neurotoxicity of cypermethrin remains a matter of concern. However, few studies have evaluated its toxicity on cerebral cortical neurons. As the center of the nervous system, the cerebral cortex is involved in a series of biological processes, such as learning, memory, emotions, and movement. The Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway has been considered to play a protective role in several central nervous system (CNS) diseases. We investigated whether this pathway plays a protective role in cypermethrin-induced apoptosis of the cortical neurons. We established a cypermethrin-induced apoptosis model in the cortical neurons using different cypermethrin doses and different incubation periods. The changes in Nrf2 protein and mRNA expression and its downstream genes HO-1 and NQO1 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting to study the role of the Nrf2/ARE pathway in cypermethrin-induced apoptosis of the cortical neurons. The results showed that the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway has a protective effect in cypermethrin-induced apoptosis of the cortical neurons. However, this protective effect of the Nrf2/ARE pathway is very limited and is dependent on the exposure dose and exposure period of cypermethrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zhou
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China.
| | - Mengqing Zhou
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Handan Tan
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Mengxi Xiao
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
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Yao Y, Wang H, Xu F, Zhang Y, Li Z, Ju X, Wang L. Insoluble-bound polyphenols of adlay seed ameliorate H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells via Nrf2 signalling. Food Chem 2020; 325:126865. [PMID: 32387991 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, protective effects of insoluble-bound polyphenol extracts from adlay seed against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells were investigated. Each fraction of insoluble-bound polyphenol extracts from adlay seed was obtained by separating with Sephadex LH-20 column and semi-preparative HPLC. Ferulic acid was found being the main active component of insoluble-bound polyphenol in adlay seed. The cytoprotective effects of ferulic acid against oxidative challenge were determined by cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen stress change in HepG2 cells, western blot and apoptosis by flow cytometry. Ferulic acid had a positive correlation with cell viability and a negative correlation with apoptosis. Ferulic acid treatment increased the activity of GSH-PX, CAT, γ-GCS. Moreover, the nuclear factor E2 related factor (Nrf2) protein expression in the ferulic acid group positively correlated with the HO-1, GCLC and NQO1 protein levels. Thus the results demonstrated that ferulic acid, the main active component of insoluble-bound polyphenol in adlay seed could ameliorate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells via Nrf2 signalling. The research can provide a reference for the in-depth study of its regulatory mechanism and the development of antioxidant related functional food and health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Yao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiran Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrong Ju
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No. 3 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.
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TBHQ Attenuates Neurotoxicity Induced by Methamphetamine in the VTA through the Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8787156. [PMID: 32351675 PMCID: PMC7174937 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8787156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) leads to nervous system toxicity. Long-term exposure to METH results in damage to dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), and depression-like behavior is a clinical symptom of this toxicity. The current study was designed to investigate whether the antioxidant tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) can alleviate neurotoxicity through both antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic signaling pathways in the VTA. Rats were randomly divided into a control group, a METH-treated group (METH group), and a METH+TBHQ-treated group (METH+TBHQ group). Intraperitoneal injections of METH at a dose of 10 mg/kg were administered to the rats in the METH and METH+TBHQ groups for one week, and METH was then administered at a dose that increased by 1 mg/kg per week until the sixth week, when the daily dosage reached 15 mg/kg. The rats in the METH+TBHQ group received 12.5 mg/kg TBHQ intragastrically. Chronic exposure to METH resulted in increased immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) and led to depression-like behavior. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis levels were increased in the VTA of animals in the METH-treated group. METH downregulated Nrf2, HO-1, PI3K, and AKT, key factors of oxidative stress, and the apoptosis signaling pathway. Moreover, METH increased the caspase-3 immunocontent. These changes were reversed by treatment with the antioxidant TBHQ. The results indicate that TBHQ can enhance Nrf2-induced antioxidative stress and PI3K-induced antiapoptotic effects, which can alleviate METH-induced ROS and apoptosis, and that the crosstalk between Nrf2 and PI3K/AKT is likely the key factor involved in the protective effect of TBHQ against METH-induced chronic nervous system toxicity.
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Arefin S, Buchanan S, Hobson S, Steinmetz J, Alsalhi S, Shiels PG, Kublickiene K, Stenvinkel P. Nrf2 in early vascular ageing: Calcification, senescence and therapy. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 505:108-118. [PMID: 32097628 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Under normal physiological conditions, free radical generation and antioxidant defences are balanced, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) usually act as secondary messengers in a plethora of biological processes. However, when this balance is impaired, oxidative stress develops due to imbalanced redox homeostasis resulting in cellular damage. Oxidative stress is now recognized as a trigger of cellular senescence, which is associated with multiple chronic 'burden of lifestyle' diseases, including atherosclerosis, type-2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease and vascular calcification; all of which possess signs of early vascular ageing. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), termed the master regulator of antioxidant responses, is a transcription factor found to be frequently dysregulated in conditions characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation. Recent evidence suggests that activation of Nrf2 may be beneficial in protecting against vascular senescence and calcification. Both natural and synthetic Nrf2 agonists have been introduced as promising drug classes in different phases of clinical trials. However, overexpression of the Nrf2 pathway has also been linked to tumorigenesis, which highlights the requirement for further understanding of pathways involving Nrf2 activity, especially in the context of cellular senescence and vascular calcification. Therefore, comprehensive translational pre-clinical and clinical studies addressing the targeting capabilities of Nrf2 agonists are urgently required. The present review discusses the impact of Nrf2 in senescence and calcification in early vascular ageing, with focus on the potential clinical implications of Nrf2 agonists and non-pharmacological Nrf2 therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samsul Arefin
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah Buchanan
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl CRC, ICS, MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sam Hobson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Steinmetz
- Rheumatology Unit, Dep. of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shno Alsalhi
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden; Research Center, Salahaddin University-Erbil, 44001 Erbil, Kurdistan-Region, Iraq
| | - Paul G Shiels
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl CRC, ICS, MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
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