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Sun Y, Mao Q, Zhou D, Tian J, Du H, Yu Q, Zhao J, Duan W, Liu C, Duan Y, Zhou J, Zhang T, Xia Z, Yin Y, Liu Y, Zhao X, Xu S. Association of multiple blood metals and systemic atherosclerosis: A cross-sectional study in the CAD population. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140991. [PMID: 38141683 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) is often accompanied by peripheral atherosclerosis, resulting in a higher risk of ischemia and cardiovascular death. Exposure to metals is associated with atherosclerotic plaques at specific sites. However, less is known about the effects of mixed metals on systemic atherosclerotic burden in CAD patients. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of metal mixtures with systemic atherosclerotic burden in a CAD population. METHODS A cross-sectional study including 1562 CAD patients from Southwest China was conducted. The levels of 10 blood metals were measured via inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. More than one vessel with a stenosis ≥50% vessel diameter was defined as CAD. Carotid and lower limb atherosclerosis was assessed by using ultrasound, and coronary atherosclerosis was quantified via arterial angiography. Systemic atherosclerosis was scored according to the presence or absence of lesions at the three sites and the total number of lesions. To investigate the combined impacts and interaction effects of metals, Bayesian kernel machine regression was used. Weighted quantile regression was used to identify the contributions of the metals. RESULTS Significant overall associations of mixed metals with systemic atherosclerotic burden were found. These positive overall associations were mainly driven by Cd, Cu and Pb in systemic atherosclerosis. The main contributing factors were As and Cu for coronary atherosclerosis as well as Cd, Cu and Pb for carotid and lower limb atherosclerosis. Cd and Pb or Cr can interact, and Pb interacts with age, sex and alcohol. CONCLUSIONS In CAD patients, exposure to combinations of metals was highly positively associated with systemic atherosclerotic burden. These significant trends were more pronounced in the peripheral arteries and carotid arteries. Controlling environmental metal exposure can contribute to reducing systemic atherosclerosis in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapei Sun
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qi Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Denglu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiacheng Tian
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hang Du
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Weixia Duan
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Zhiqin Xia
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yangguang Yin
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Fogell NAT, Patel M, Yang P, Ruis RM, Garcia DB, Naser J, Savvopoulos F, Davies Taylor C, Post AL, Pedrigi RM, de Silva R, Krams R. Considering the Influence of Coronary Motion on Artery-Specific Biomechanics Using Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation. Ann Biomed Eng 2023; 51:1950-1964. [PMID: 37436564 PMCID: PMC10409843 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium in the coronary arteries is subject to wall shear stress and vessel wall strain, which influences the biology of the arterial wall. This study presents vessel-specific fluid-structure interaction (FSI) models of three coronary arteries, using directly measured experimental geometries and boundary conditions. FSI models are used to provide a more physiologically complete representation of vessel biomechanics, and have been extended to include coronary bending to investigate its effect on shear and strain. FSI both without- and with-bending resulted in significant changes in all computed shear stress metrics compared to CFD (p = 0.0001). Inclusion of bending within the FSI model produced highly significant changes in Time Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) + 9.8% LAD, + 8.8% LCx, - 2.0% RCA; Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) + 208% LAD, 0% LCx, + 2600% RCA; and transverse wall Shear Stress (tSS) + 180% LAD, + 150% LCx and + 200% RCA (all p < 0.0001). Vessel wall strain was homogenous in all directions without-bending but became highly anisotropic under bending. Changes in median cyclic strain magnitude were seen for all three vessels in every direction. Changes shown in the magnitude and distribution of shear stress and wall strain suggest that bending should be considered on a vessel-specific basis in analyses of coronary artery biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A T Fogell
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK.
| | - Miten Patel
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Pan Yang
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Roosje M Ruis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - David B Garcia
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Jarka Naser
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Fotios Savvopoulos
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | | | - Anouk L Post
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ryan M Pedrigi
- Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - Ranil de Silva
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Rob Krams
- School for Material Sciences and Engineering, Queen Mary University, London, UK
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Wang J, Fang R, Wu H, Xiang Y, Mendieta JB, Paritala PK, Fan Z, Anbananthan H, Amaya Catano JA, Raffel OC, Li Z. Impact of cyclic bending on coronary hemodynamics. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:729-738. [PMID: 36602717 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
It remains unknown that the degree of bias in computational fluid dynamics results without considering coronary cyclic bending. This study aims to investigate the influence of different rates of coronary cyclic bending on coronary hemodynamics. To model coronary bending, a multi-ring-controlled fluid-structural interaction model was designed. A coronary artery was simulated with various cyclic bending rates (0.5, 0.75 and 1 s, corresponding to heart rates of 120, 80 and 60 bpm) and compared against a stable model. The simulated results show that the hemodynamic parameters of vortex Q-criterion, temporal wall shear stress (WSS), time-averaged WSS (TaWSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) were sensitive to the changes in cyclic rate. A higher heart rate resulted in higher magnitude and larger variance in the hemodynamic parameters. Whereas, the values and distributions of flow velocity and relative residence time (RRT) did not show significant differences between different bending periods. This study suggests that a stable coronary model is not sufficient to represent the hemodynamics in a bending coronary artery. Different heart rate conditions were found to have significant impact on the hemodynamic parameters. Thus, cyclic bending should be considered to mimic the realistic hemodynamics in future patient-specific coronary hemodynamics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiu Wang
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia. .,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
| | - Runxin Fang
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqiao Xiang
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Jessica Benitez Mendieta
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Phani Kumari Paritala
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Zhenya Fan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Haveena Anbananthan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Jorge Alberto Amaya Catano
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Owen Christopher Raffel
- Department of Cardiology, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, 4032, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia. .,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia. .,School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China. .,Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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