Takihata Y, Kawauchi S, Ogata S, Nishidate I, Sato S, Yamamoto J, Kishi Y. In vivo diffuse reflectance spectroscopic analysis of fatty liver with inflammation in mice.
Surg Open Sci 2021;
6:21-28. [PMID:
34458710 PMCID:
PMC8379345 DOI:
10.1016/j.sopen.2021.07.002]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a progressive liver disease that can lead to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatic failure. Thus, the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, especially discrimination from nonalcoholic fatty liver, is crucial, but reliable methods other than invasive biopsy have not been established yet. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, which does not require tissue collection, to evaluate the pathological states of fatty liver with inflammation.
Materials and Methods
We performed in vivo optical fiber-based diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in both the near-infrared and visible spectral regions for livers in STAM mice, which typically show steatosis at 6 weeks, steatohepatitis at 8 weeks, and fibrosis at 12 weeks of age. After diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, all of the liver tissues were histologically analyzed and scored on the basis of the rodent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease scoring system. We examined correlations between the diffuse reflectance spectra and scores associated with steatosis and inflammation.
Results and Conclusion
The results showed that the second derivative values of reflectance at 1204 nm, the lipid absorption peak in the near-infrared region, were strongly correlated with steatosis scores (r = 0.9172, P < .0001, n = 20) and that the differences of the first derivative values of reflectance in the visible region (570 nm − 550 nm) that reflect hemoglobin deoxygenation were significantly correlated with inflammation scores (r = 0.5260, P = .0172, n = 20). These results suggest that our diffuse reflectance spectroscopy method is useful for diagnosis of the states of steatosis with inflammation in livers and hence nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Optical reflectance signals are used to diagnose nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.
The near-infrared reflectance signals are strongly correlated with steatosis scores.
The visible reflectance signals are significantly correlated with inflammation scores.
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis can be noninvasively detected by reflectance signals.
Collapse