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Starling T, Carlon-Andres I, Iliopoulou M, Kraemer B, Loidolt-Krueger M, Williamson DJ, Padilla-Parra S. Multicolor lifetime imaging and its application to HIV-1 uptake. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4994. [PMID: 37591879 PMCID: PMC10435470 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous imaging of nine fluorescent proteins is demonstrated in a single acquisition using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy combined with pulsed interleaved excitation of three laser lines. Multicolor imaging employing genetically encodable fluorescent proteins permits spatio-temporal live cell imaging of multiple cues. Here, we show that multicolor lifetime imaging allows visualization of quadruple labelled human immunodeficiency viruses on host cells that in turn are also labelled with genetically encodable fluorescent proteins. This strategy permits to simultaneously visualize different sub-cellular organelles (mitochondria, cytoskeleton, and nucleus) during the process of virus entry with the potential of imaging up to nine different spectral channels in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Starling
- Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, London, UK
| | - Irene Carlon-Andres
- Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, London, UK
| | - Maro Iliopoulou
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics and Department of Physics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Benedikt Kraemer
- PicoQuant GmbH, Rudower Chaussee 29 (IGZ), 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - David J Williamson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sergi Padilla-Parra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, London, UK.
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK.
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2
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Al-Salihi M, Chen Z, Samanta S, Elazab A, Yi R, Wang S, Lin F, Qu J, Liu L. Improving the performance of rapid lifetime determination for wide-field time-gated imaging in live cells. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:30760-30778. [PMID: 36242174 DOI: 10.1364/oe.454958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In biological research, rapid wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging has become an important imaging tool. However, the biological samples with weak fluorescence signals and lower sensitivity often suffer from very low precision in lifetime determinations which restricts its widespread utilization in many bioimaging applications. To address this issue, a method is presented in this paper to substantially enhance the precision of rapid lifetime determination (RLD). It expedites the discrimination of fluorescence lifetimes, even for the weak signals coming from the cells, stained with long-lived biocompatible AIS/ZnS QDs. The proposed method works in two phases. The first phase deals with the systematic noise analysis based on the signal and contrast of the images in a time-gated imaging system, wherein acquiring the high-quality imaging data through optimization of hardware parameters improves the overall system performance. In the second phase, the chosen images are treated using total variation denoising method combined with the Max/Min filtering method for extracting the region of interest to reconstruct the intensity images for RLD. We performed several experiments on live cells to demonstrate the improvements in imaging performance by the systematic optimizations and data treatment. Obtained results demonstrated a great enhancement in signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios beside witnessing an obvious improvement in RLD for weak signals. This approach can be used not only to improve the quality of time-gated imaging data but also for efficient fluorescence lifetime imaging of live biological samples without compromising imaging speed and light exposure.
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3
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Chang YT, Van Sieleghem E, Lee J, Van Dorpe P, Van Hoof C. Performance and limitation estimation of a three-tap gated imaging sensor in wide field time-gated fluorescence lifetime imaging systems. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:7446-7454. [PMID: 34613034 DOI: 10.1364/ao.428590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a computational performance analysis is presented of a wide-field time-gated fluorescence lifetime imaging microscope (FLIM) using practically realizable properties of the laser, sample, and a three-tap time-gated CMOS image sensor. The impact of these component-level properties on the accuracy and the precision of the measurement results are estimated and discussed based on Monte Carlo simulations. The correlation between the detector speed and the accuracy of the extracted fluorescence lifetime is studied, and the minimum required incident photoelectron number of each pixel is estimated for different detector speeds and different fluorescence lifetime measurements. In addition, the detection limits due to the dark current and the parasitic light sensitivity of the detector are also investigated. This work gives an overview of the required fluorescence emission condition as well as the required detector properties for a three-tap time-gated image sensor to achieve good FLIM data in biological applications.
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4
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Silva SF, Domingues JP, Morgado AM. Can we use rapid lifetime determination for fast, fluorescence lifetime based, metabolic imaging? Precision and accuracy of double-exponential decay measurements with low total counts. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216894. [PMID: 31086413 PMCID: PMC6516636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) can assess cell’s metabolism through the fluorescence of the co-enzymes NADH and FAD, which exhibit a double-exponential decay, with components related to free and protein-bound conditions. In vivo real time clinical imaging applications demand fast acquisition. As photodamage limits excitation power, this is best achieved using wide-field techniques, like time-gated FLIM, and algorithms that require few images to calculate the decay parameters. The rapid lifetime determination (RLD) algorithm requires only four images to analyze a double-exponential decay. Using computational simulations, we evaluated the accuracy and precision of RLD when measuring endogenous fluorescence lifetimes and metabolic free to protein-bound ratios, for total counts per pixel (TC) lower than 104. The simulations were based on a time-gated FLIM instrument, accounting for its instrument response function, gain and noise. While the optimal acquisition setting depends on the values being measured, the accuracy of the free to protein-bound ratio α2/α1 is stable for low gains and gate separations larger than 1000 ps, while its precision is almost constant for gate separations between 1500 and 2500 ps. For the gate separations and free to protein-bound ratios considered, the accuracy error can be as high as 30% and the precision error can reach 60%. Precision errors lower than 10% cannot be obtained. The best performance occurs for low camera gains and gate separations near 1800 ps. When considering the narrow physiological ranges for the free to protein-bound ratio, the precision errors can be confined to an interval between 10% and 20%. RLD is a valid option when for real time FLIM. The simulations and methodology presented here can be applied to any time-gated FLIM instrument and are useful to obtain the accuracy and precision limits for RLD in the demanding conditions of TC lower than 104.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Figueiredo Silva
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research/INCAS—Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Domingues
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research/INCAS—Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Miguel Morgado
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research/INCAS—Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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5
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De Los Santos C, Chang CW, Mycek MA, Cardullo RA. FRAP, FLIM, and FRET: Detection and analysis of cellular dynamics on a molecular scale using fluorescence microscopy. Mol Reprod Dev 2015; 82:587-604. [PMID: 26010322 PMCID: PMC4515154 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The combination of fluorescent-probe technology plus modern optical microscopes allows investigators to monitor dynamic events in living cells with exquisite temporal and spatial resolution. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), for example, has long been used to monitor molecular dynamics both within cells and on cellular surfaces. Although bound by the diffraction limit imposed on all optical microscopes, the combination of digital cameras and the application of fluorescence intensity information on large-pixel arrays have allowed such dynamic information to be monitored and quantified. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), on the other hand, utilizes the information from an ensemble of fluorophores to probe changes in the local environment. Using either fluorescence-intensity or lifetime approaches, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy provides information about molecular interactions, with Ångstrom resolution. In this review, we summarize the theoretical framework underlying these methods and illustrate their utility in addressing important problems in reproductive and developmental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla De Los Santos
- Departments of Biology and Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92501
| | - Ching-Wei Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley 94720
| | - Mary-Ann Mycek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Richard A. Cardullo
- Departments of Biology and Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92501
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6
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Seok J, Kim J. Alternating minimization of the negative Poisson likelihood function for the global analysis of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy data. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:24977-24987. [PMID: 25401531 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.024977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate a fast optimization method for determining the minimizer of the negative Poisson likelihood function for the global analysis of fluorescence lifetime microscopy. Using the alternating optimization strategy, we iteratively solve a non-convex optimization problem to estimate the lifetime parameters and a convex optimization problem to estimate the concentration parameters. We effectively determine the minimizer of the non-convex optimization using the Gauss-Newton method and that of the convex optimization by applying the optimization transfer strategy, which is based on the convex inequality. In the simulation studies, the proposed method was able to determine the minimizer of the objective function significantly faster than the conventional simultaneous optimization method.
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Sung KB, Shih KW, Hsu FW, Hsieh HP, Chuang MJ, Hsiao YH, Su YH, Tien GH. Accurate extraction of optical properties and top layer thickness of two-layered mucosal tissue phantoms from spatially resolved reflectance spectra. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:77002. [PMID: 25027003 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.7.077002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We are reporting on an experimental investigation of a movable diffuse reflectance spectroscopy system to extract diagnostically relevant optical properties of two-layered tissue phantoms simulating mucosae that are covered with stratified squamous epithelium. The reflectance spectra were measured at multiple sourcedetector separations using two imaging fiber bundles in contact with the phantoms, one with its optical axis perpendicular to the sample surface (perpendicular probe) and the other with its distal end beveled and optical axis tilted at 45 deg (oblique probe). Polystyrene microspheres and purified human hemoglobin were used to make tissue phantoms whose scattering and absorption properties could be well controlled and theoretically predicted. Monte Carlo simulations were used to predict the reflectance spectra for system calibration and an iterative curve fitting that simultaneously extracted the top layer reduced scattering coefficient, thickness, bottom layer reduced scattering coefficient, and hemoglobin concentration of the phantoms. The errors of the recovered parameters ranged from 7% to 20%. The oblique probe showed higher accuracy in the extracted top layer reduced scattering coefficient and thickness than the perpendicular probe. The developed system and data analysis methods provide a feasible tool to quantify the optical properties in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kung-Bin Sung
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, TaiwanbNational Taiwan University, Department of Electrical Engineering, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Tai
| | - Kuang-Wei Shih
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Wei Hsu
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Po Hsieh
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Min-Jie Chuang
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsiao
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Su
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Gen-Hao Tien
- National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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8
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Kim J, Seok J, Lee H, Lee M. Penalized maximum likelihood estimation of lifetime and amplitude images from multi-exponentially decaying fluorescence signals. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:20240-53. [PMID: 24105569 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the penalized maximum likelihood estimation of lifetime and amplitude images for fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. The proposed method penalizes large variations in the lifetimes and amplitudes in the spatial domain to reduces noise in the images, which is a serious problem in the conventional maximum likelihood estimation method. For an effective optimization of the objective function, we applied an optimization transfer method that is based on a separable surrogate function. Simulations show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional MLE method in terms of the estimation accuracy, and the proposed method yielded less noisy images in real experiments.
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9
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Warren SC, Margineanu A, Alibhai D, Kelly DJ, Talbot C, Alexandrov Y, Munro I, Katan M, Dunsby C, French PMW. Rapid global fitting of large fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy datasets. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70687. [PMID: 23940626 PMCID: PMC3734241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) is widely applied to obtain quantitative information from fluorescence signals, particularly using Förster Resonant Energy Transfer (FRET) measurements to map, for example, protein-protein interactions. Extracting FRET efficiencies or population fractions typically entails fitting data to complex fluorescence decay models but such experiments are frequently photon constrained, particularly for live cell or in vivo imaging, and this leads to unacceptable errors when analysing data on a pixel-wise basis. Lifetimes and population fractions may, however, be more robustly extracted using global analysis to simultaneously fit the fluorescence decay data of all pixels in an image or dataset to a multi-exponential model under the assumption that the lifetime components are invariant across the image (dataset). This approach is often considered to be prohibitively slow and/or computationally expensive but we present here a computationally efficient global analysis algorithm for the analysis of time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) or time-gated FLIM data based on variable projection. It makes efficient use of both computer processor and memory resources, requiring less than a minute to analyse time series and multiwell plate datasets with hundreds of FLIM images on standard personal computers. This lifetime analysis takes account of repetitive excitation, including fluorescence photons excited by earlier pulses contributing to the fit, and is able to accommodate time-varying backgrounds and instrument response functions. We demonstrate that this global approach allows us to readily fit time-resolved fluorescence data to complex models including a four-exponential model of a FRET system, for which the FRET efficiencies of the two species of a bi-exponential donor are linked, and polarisation-resolved lifetime data, where a fluorescence intensity and bi-exponential anisotropy decay model is applied to the analysis of live cell homo-FRET data. A software package implementing this algorithm, FLIMfit, is available under an open source licence through the Open Microscopy Environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean C Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Chemical Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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10
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Lau C, Mirkovic J, Yu CC, O'Donoghue GP, Galindo L, Dasari R, de las Morenas A, Feld M, Stier E. Early detection of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in the cervix with quantitative spectroscopic imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:76013. [PMID: 23843090 PMCID: PMC3706901 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.7.076013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative spectroscopy has recently been extended from a contact-probe to wide-area spectroscopic imaging to enable mapping of optical properties across a wide area of tissue. We train quantitative spectroscopic imaging (QSI) to identify cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) in 34 subjects undergoing the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP subjects). QSI's performance is then prospectively evaluated on the clinically suspicious biopsy sites from 47 subjects undergoing colposcopic-directed biopsy. The results show the per-subject normalized reduced scattering coefficient at 700 nm (An) and the total hemoglobin concentration are significantly different (p<0.05) between HSIL and non-HSIL sites in LEEP subjects. An alone retrospectively distinguishes HSIL from non-HSIL with 89% sensitivity and 83% specificity. It alone applied prospectively on the biopsy sites distinguishes HSIL from non-HSIL with 81% sensitivity and 78% specificity. The findings of this study agree with those of an earlier contact-probe study, validating the robustness of QSI, and specifically An, for identifying HSIL. The performance of An suggests an easy to use and an inexpensive to manufacture monochromatic instrument is capable of early cervical cancer detection, which could be used as a screening and diagnostic tool for detecting cervical cancer in low resource countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Condon Lau
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, George R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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11
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Chen LC, Lloyd WR, Chang CW, Sud D, Mycek MA. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for quantitative biological imaging. Methods Cell Biol 2013; 114:457-88. [PMID: 23931519 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407761-4.00020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a method for measuring fluorophore lifetimes with microscopic spatial resolution, providing a useful tool for cell biologists to detect, visualize, and investigate structure and function of biological systems. In this chapter, we begin by introducing the basic theory of fluorescence lifetime, including the characteristics of fluorophore decay, followed by a discussion of factors affecting fluorescence lifetimes and the potential advantages of fluorescence lifetime as a source of image contrast. Experimental methods for creating lifetime maps, including both time- and frequency-domain experimental approaches, are then introduced. Then, FLIM data analysis methods are discussed, including rapid lifetime determination, multiexponential fitting, Laguerre polynomial fitting, and phasor plot analysis. After, data analysis methods are introduced that improve lifetime precision of FLIM maps based upon optimal virtual gating and total variation denoising. The chapter concludes by highlighting several recent FLIM applications for quantitative biological imaging, including Förster resonance energy transfer-FLIM, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy-FLIM, multispectral-FLIM, and multiphoton-FLIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leng-Chun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Li DDU, Ameer-Beg S, Arlt J, Tyndall D, Walker R, Matthews DR, Visitkul V, Richardson J, Henderson RK. Time-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging techniques suitable for solid-state imaging sensor arrays. SENSORS 2012; 12:5650-69. [PMID: 22778606 PMCID: PMC3386705 DOI: 10.3390/s120505650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have successfully demonstrated video-rate CMOS single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD)-based cameras for fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) by applying innovative FLIM algorithms. We also review and compare several time-domain techniques and solid-state FLIM systems, and adapt the proposed algorithms for massive CMOS SPAD-based arrays and hardware implementations. The theoretical error equations are derived and their performances are demonstrated on the data obtained from 0.13 μm CMOS SPAD arrays and the multiple-decay data obtained from scanning PMT systems. In vivo two photon fluorescence lifetime imaging data of FITC-albumin labeled vasculature of a P22 rat carcinosarcoma (BD9 rat window chamber) are used to test how different algorithms perform on bi-decay data. The proposed techniques are capable of producing lifetime images with enough contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Day-Uei Li
- Department of Engineering and Design, School of Engineering and Informatics, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QT, UK
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +44-127-387-3513
| | - Simon Ameer-Beg
- Division of Cancer Research & Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK; E-Mails: (S.A.B.); (V.V.)
| | - Jochen Arlt
- SUPA, COSMIC, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Scotland, UK; E-Mail:
| | - David Tyndall
- Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, The School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, Scotland, UK; E-Mails: (D.T.); (R.W.); (J.R.); (R.K.H.)
| | - Richard Walker
- Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, The School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, Scotland, UK; E-Mails: (D.T.); (R.W.); (J.R.); (R.K.H.)
| | - Daniel R. Matthews
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; E-Mail:
| | - Viput Visitkul
- Division of Cancer Research & Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK; E-Mails: (S.A.B.); (V.V.)
| | - Justin Richardson
- Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, The School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, Scotland, UK; E-Mails: (D.T.); (R.W.); (J.R.); (R.K.H.)
| | - Robert K. Henderson
- Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, The School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, Scotland, UK; E-Mails: (D.T.); (R.W.); (J.R.); (R.K.H.)
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13
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Chang CW, Mycek MA. Total variation versus wavelet-based methods for image denoising in fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2012; 5:449-457. [PMID: 22415891 PMCID: PMC4106132 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201100137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the first application of wavelet-based denoising (noise removal) methods to time-domain box-car fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) images and compare the results to novel total variation (TV) denoising methods. Methods were tested first on artificial images and then applied to low-light live-cell images. Relative to undenoised images, TV methods could improve lifetime precision up to 10-fold in artificial images, while preserving the overall accuracy of lifetime and amplitude values of a single-exponential decay model and improving local lifetime fitting in live-cell images. Wavelet-based methods were at least 4-fold faster than TV methods, but could introduce significant inaccuracies in recovered lifetime values. The denoising methods discussed can potentially enhance a variety of FLIM applications, including live-cell, in vivo animal, or endoscopic imaging studies, especially under challenging imaging conditions such as low-light or fast video-rate imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099
| | - Mary-Ann Mycek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099
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