Changes in 24-Hour Movement Behaviors From Early to Late Pregnancy in Individuals With Prepregnancy Overweight or Obesity

24-H movement behaviours research in Chinese population: A scoping review

Background

Numerous studies examining 24-h movement behaviours have been exponentially published globally. However, no comprehensive reviews summarized and synthesized the evidence on the Chinese population. This review aimed to map the most recent research state and fill the gaps related to 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population.

Methods

Five electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and CNKI (Chinese database)) were searched from their inceptions through October 2023. Quantitative studies published in English and/or Chinese were included if they were related to 24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population.

Results

From 9431 documents screened, 53 met the inclusion criteria. All the included studies were published between 2019 and 2023, showing a notable increasing trend over the years. Most studies used cross-sectional designs (96.2 %) and self-reported measures (56.6 %). Nearly all the studies targeted general healthy population (96.2 %), especially children and adolescents (64.2 %). The main three research topics observed were health outcomes (81.1 %), prevalence (66.0 %), and correlates (15.1 %) of 24-h movement behaviours.

Conclusion

24-h movement behaviours in the Chinese population has been an increasingly important research topic in the literature, with predominant focus on children and adolescents (study population), self-report measure (measurement), cross-sectional design (study design), guidelines adherence (study topic), and health outcomes examination (study topic). These findings delineate a research landscape in the Chinese population, and highlight the research gaps needed to be addressed. Future studies are suggested to target these research gaps, expanding evidence base for the Chinese populations. For instance, more studies using device-based measures, longitudinal or interventional designs, as well as qualitative and mixed-methods approaches are required.

Maternal 24-h movement patterns across pregnancy and postpartum: The LIFE-Moms consortium

Objective

Time spent among the 24-h movement behaviors (physical activity [PA], sleep, sedentary behavior [SB]) in the perinatal period is important for maternal and child health. We described changes to 24-h movement behaviors and behavior guideline attainment during pregnancy and postpartum and identified correlates of behavior changes.

Methods

This secondary data analysis included the standard of care group (n = 439) from the U.S.-based Lifestyle Interventions For Expectant Moms (LIFE-Moms) consortium, including persons with overweight and obesity. Wrist-worn accelerometry was used to measure movement behaviors early (9-15 weeks) and late (35-36 weeks) pregnancy, and ∼ 1-year postpartum. Sleep and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were compared to adult and pregnancy-specific guidelines, respectively. SB was classified into quartiles. PA and SB context were quantified using questionnaires. Mixed models were used to examine changes in behaviors and guidelines and identify correlates.

Results

Participants were 31.3 ± 3.5 years, 53.5 % were Black or Hispanic, and 45.1 % had overweight. Sleep duration decreased across time, but participants consistently met the guideline (range: 85.0-93.6 %). SB increased during pregnancy and decreased postpartum, while light PA and MVPA followed the inverse pattern. Participants met slightly fewer guidelines late pregnancy (1.2 ± 0.7 guidelines) but more postpartum (1.7 ± 0.8 guidelines) than early pregnancy (1.4 ± 0.8 guidelines). Black or Hispanic race/ethnicity, higher pregravid body mass index, and non-day work-shift (e.g., night-shift) were identified correlates of lower guideline adherence and varying PA and SB context.

Conclusion

Perinatal interventions should consider strategies to prevent SB increase and sustain MVPA to promote guideline adherence.

Relationships between physical behaviour phenotypes of mothers in pregnancy and their offspring with child body composition

AIM

The aim of this study was to identify physical behaviour phenotypes in mothers in the first trimester and in their offspring at 24 months of age. The secondary aim was to examine relationships between mother and child behaviours with child body composition at age 24 months.

METHODS

Longitudinal secondary analysis of the Glowing cohort collected between 1 February 2011 and 22 August 2017 in Little Rock, Arkansas. Behaviours were measured using ankle-worn accelerometers in mothers during the first trimester and offspring at 24 months of age, including total activity, sleep, sedentary time and a novel variable of daily variation, patternicity. Child body fat was measured using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance.

RESULTS

Three phenotypes were identified for mothers and children (n = 159 complete dyads). There were no relationships between mother and child phenotypes, but higher maternal patternicity was associated with higher child patternicity (0.2, 95% CI 0.1, 0.3, p = 0.001). There were no associations between mother or child phenotypes with child body composition, however higher child activity was associated with lower body fat (-0.01, 95% CI: -0.02, -0.001, p = 0.031).

CONCLUSION

Limited associations were found between mothers' pregnancy physical behaviours with child behaviours or child body composition at 24 months of age. Factors such as child diet or current parental physical activity may be better predictors of early childhood outcomes.