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Wang PF, Yang Y, Patel V, Neiner A, Kharasch ED. Natural Products Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 2B6 Activity and Methadone Metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:252-265. [PMID: 38135504 PMCID: PMC10877711 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Methadone is cleared predominately by hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B6-catalyzed metabolism to inactive metabolites. CYP2B6 also catalyzes the metabolism of several other drugs. Methadone and CYP2B6 are susceptible to pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions. Use of natural products such as herbals and other botanicals is substantial and growing, and concomitant use of prescription medicines and non-prescription herbals is common and may result in interactions, often precipitated by CYP inhibition. Little is known about herbal product effects on CYP2B6 activity, and CYP2B6-catalyzed methadone metabolism. We screened a family of natural product compounds used in traditional medicines, herbal teas, and synthetic analogs of compounds found in plants, including kavalactones, flavokavains, chalcones and gambogic acid, for inhibition of expressed CYP2B6 activity and specifically inhibition of CYP2B6-mediated methadone metabolism. An initial screen evaluated inhibition of CYP2B6-catalyzed 7-ethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl) coumarin O-deethylation. Hits were further evaluated for inhibition of racemic methadone metabolism, including mechanism of inhibition and kinetic constants. In order of decreasing potency, the most effective inhibitors of methadone metabolism were dihydromethysticin (competitive, K i 0.074 µM), gambogic acid (noncompetitive, K i 6 µM), and 2,2'-dihydroxychalcone (noncompetitive, K i 16 µM). Molecular modeling of CYP2B6-methadone and inhibitor binding showed substrate and inhibitor binding position and orientation and their interactions with CYP2B6 residues. These results show that CYP2B6 and CYP2B6-catalyzed methadone metabolism are inhibited by certain natural products, at concentrations which may be clinically relevant. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This investigation identified several natural product constituents which inhibit in vitro human recombinant CYP2B6 and CYP2B6-catalyzed N-demethylation of the opioid methadone. The most potent inhibitors (K i) were dihydromethysticin (0.074 µM), gambogic acid (6 µM) and 2,2'-dihydroxychalcone (16 µM). Molecular modeling of ligand interactions with CYP2B6 found that dihydromethysticin and 2,2'-dihydroxychalcone bound at the active site, while gambogic acid interacted with an allosteric site on the CYP2B6 surface. Natural product constituents may inhibit CYP2B6 and methadone metabolism at clinically relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Fen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.-F.W., E.D.K.) and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri (Y.Y., V.P., A.N.)
| | - Yanming Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.-F.W., E.D.K.) and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri (Y.Y., V.P., A.N.)
| | - Vishal Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.-F.W., E.D.K.) and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri (Y.Y., V.P., A.N.)
| | - Alicia Neiner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.-F.W., E.D.K.) and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri (Y.Y., V.P., A.N.)
| | - Evan D Kharasch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.-F.W., E.D.K.) and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri (Y.Y., V.P., A.N.)
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Lee SML, Kern A, Jauch KW, Thasler R, Niess H, Thasler WE. Cold Preservation of Human Hepatocytes with High Viability. Biopreserv Biobank 2023; 21:367-377. [PMID: 36355346 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2021.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshly isolated human hepatocytes are an important model for translational research, validation of experiments done in animals, and preclinical studies. Human hepatocyte isolation often cannot be carried out easily on demand in common research laboratories, and researchers often collaborate to share hepatocytes or outsource hepatocyte isolations. As a prerequisite for such a strategy, hepatocytes have to maintain their phenotypes after transport. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if overnight storage or shipment of hepatocytes affects their quality when viability, adherence, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) activities are considered. Hepatocytes were stored overnight or shipped to a collaborator in a cold storage solution on wet ice. On the next day, viability of hepatocytes was assessed before plating the cells to determine adherence. Hepatocytes were also cultured in a sandwich culture to determine CYP activities and inducibility. The results showed that although viability (79% ± 0.7% on isolation) was significantly decreased by overnight storage or shipment by 11% (p < 0.001) or 15% (p < 0.001), respectively, the viability of hepatocytes the next day at above 64% ± 2.2% remained sufficiently high for further experiments. In addition, hepatocytes stored for 18 or 24 hours were adherent the next day, and a high confluence of 81% ± 10% to 91% ± 4% was achieved after 48 hours in culture when hepatocytes were adhered on collagen-coated plates. Furthermore, CYP enzyme activities were inducible and not affected by variables such as fibrosis, age, type of operation, steatosis, and body mass index. However, our data would suggest that the type of cancer (primary/secondary), sex (male/female), hypertension, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity, partial thromboplastin time, and size of perfused liver had significant effects (p < 0.05) on induction of some CYP enzymes. In conclusion, human hepatocyte isolation can be carried out at a centralized site and shared between multiple researchers, increasing flexibility and access to a representative human liver in vitro model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serene M L Lee
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- HTCR-Services GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Armin Kern
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Research and Development, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karl-Walter Jauch
- Medical Directorate, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Human Tissue and Cell Research Foundation, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Hanno Niess
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E Thasler
- Human Tissue and Cell Research Foundation, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Red Cross Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
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Oh HM, Lee JS, Kim SW, Oh YT, Kim WY, Lee SB, Cho YR, Jeon YJ, Cho JH, Son CG. Uwhangchungsimwon, A Standardized Herbal Drug, Exerts an Anti-Depressive Effect in a Social Isolation Stress-Induced Mouse Model. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1674. [PMID: 32082167 PMCID: PMC7005224 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Uwhangchungsimwon (UCW) is one of the most representative standardized herbal drugs for the treatment of central nervous system diseases, including mood disorders, and has been used for over 600 years in Korea and China. In spite of the long clinical application of UCW, no experimental evidence for its use against depressive disorders exists. Here, we performed an animal study to investigate the anti-depressive effect of UCW and the underlying mechanisms. Methods A social isolation-induced depressive-like model was produced using C57BL/6J male mice by housing the mice individually for 31 days, and the mice underwent daily oral administration of distilled water, UCW (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) during the final 17 days. A tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST), and open field test (OFT) were used to explore the effects of UCW on depressive-like behaviors. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was measured in the dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN) using immunofluorescence. The serum corticosterone level was measured with its receptor and catecholamine, along with cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus. Results Social isolation stress effectively induced depressive-like behaviors, and UCW treatment significantly improved the symptoms of depressive-like behavior in the FST, TST, and OFT. The isolation stress-induced depletion of 5-HT was significantly ameliorated by UCW treatment. UCW also attenuated the activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the elevated serum corticosterone level, as well as the hippocampal levels of dopamine and norepinephrine. Dexametasone-derived translocation of GR was inhibited by UCW treatment in PC12 cells and HT22 cells. In addition, alterations of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2), BDNF, and CREB in the protein analyses were notably regulated by UCW treatment. Conclusions These results provide animal-based evidence for the anti-depressive effect of UCW, and its underlying mechanisms may involve regulating the serotonergic system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and neurotrophin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Muk Oh
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seo-Woo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young-Taeck Oh
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Won-Yong Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yong-Rae Cho
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Jeon
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Yang MY, Khine AA, Liu JW, Cheng HC, Hu A, Chen HP, Shih TL. Resolution of isoborneol and its isomers by GC/MS to identify “synthetic” and “semi-synthetic” borneol products. Chirality 2018; 30:1233-1239. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yeh Yang
- Institute of Medical Science; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - Aye Aye Khine
- Institute of Medical Science; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Tamkang University; New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry; Tamkang University; New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Anren Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ping Chen
- Department of Biochemistry; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - Tzenge-Lien Shih
- Department of Chemistry; Tamkang University; New Taipei City Taiwan
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Luo DD, Chen XY, Zhang ZB, Sun CY, Zheng YF, Liu YH, Wang XF, Wang Q, Zhan JYX, Su ZR. Different effects of (+)‑borneol and (‑)‑borneol on the pharmacokinetics of osthole in rats following oral administration. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:4239-4246. [PMID: 28440419 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osthole is the primary active component of a number of herbal plants such as the Cnidium monnieri fruit. In traditional Chinese herb medicine, osthole is commonly used in combination with borneol to obtain improved pharmacological effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of borneol enantiomers on the pharmacokinetics of osthole. An appropriate high‑performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was applied to determine the concentrations of osthole in plasma. Following oral administration of osthole alone or combined with borneol in rats, blood samples were collected and analyzed by HPLC. The results demonstrated that there were statistically significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of osthole between osthole administration alone and co‑administration with borneol. When combined with synthetic borneol, the AUC0‑t, AUC0‑∞ and Cmax of osthole increased by 48.153, 104.708 and 92.630%, respectively, while the CL/F decreased by 51.251%. When combined with (+)‑borneol, the AUC0‑t, AUC0‑∞ and Cmax of osthole were increased by 61.561, 78.167, and 51.769%, respectively, while the CL/F decreased by 44.174% (P<0.01). In addition, when combined with (‑)‑borneol, the AUC0‑t, AUC0‑∞ and Cmax of osthole increased by 115.856, 167.786 and 271.289%, respectively, while the CL/F decreased by 60.686% (P<0.01). These results indicated that borneol may enhance gastrointestinal absorption and inhibit the metabolism of osthole. In addition, the promotional effect of (‑)‑borneol on the pharmacokinetic parameters of osthole was greater than that of (+)‑borneol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Biao Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Yue Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Feng Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Fen Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Janis Ya-Xian Zhan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
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Ye LH, Kong LT, Yan MZ, Cao FR, Wang LS, Liao YH, Pan RL, Chang Q. Lotus leaf alkaloid fraction can strongly inhibit CYP2D6 isoenzyme activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:913-917. [PMID: 27771456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Chinese herbal medicine He-Ye, the leaves of the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) plant, is traditionally used in China for the treatment of sunstroke, thirst, diarrhea, and fever. Currently, the leaf is used not only as an herbal tea to reduce lipid level and control body weight, but also as a major ingredient in some lipid-lowering Chinese patented medicines. Our previous study demonstrated that the alkaloid fraction (AF) of the herb has a strong inhibitory effect on CYP2D6 isoenzyme activity in vitro. The present study aims to further verify this activity using the in vivo rat model and to explore the inhibitory mechanism on CYP2D6 using human liver microsomes (HLMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS After a continuous 7-d oral dose of AF (50mg/kg) or a vehicle, Sprague Dawley rats received a single intravenous dose of dextromethorphan or metoprolol. Blood samples were collected at various time points, and the plasma concentrations of the relevant metabolites dextrorphan and hydroxymetoprolol were assayed by LC-MS/MS for evaluating the effect of AF on their pharmacokinetics and CYP2D6 activity. Dextromethorphan as a probe at different concentrations was incubated with HLMs in an incubation buffer system, in the presence or absence of AF at different concentrations. After incubation, the produced metabolite was assayed. RESULTS After being pretreated with AF in rats, the plasma concentrations of dextrorphan and hydroxymetoprolol significantly decreased, with Cmax going from 79.44 to 29.96 and 151.18 to 83.39hng/mL (P<0.05), AUCall from 167.27 to 62.25 and 347.68 to 223.24hng/mL (P<0.05), and AUCinf from 183.39 to 84.76 and 350.59 to 234.57hng/mL (P<0.05), respectively, in comparison with those of untreated rats. The t1/2 of hydroxymetoprolol significantly increased from 1.14 to 1.99h (P<0.05). The in vitro incubation test showed that AF competitively inhibited the CYP2D6, with apparent Ki value of 0.64µg/mL. CONCLUSIONS AF can strongly inhibit the activity of CYP2D6 enzyme, as confirmed by in vivo and in vitro models. Possible drug interactions may occur between AF and other medications metabolized by CYP2D6. Thus, caution should be paid when the lotus leaf and its preparations are concurrently administered with conventional medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hu Ye
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Bijie, Bijie 551700, China.
| | - Ling-Ti Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ming-Zhu Yan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Fang-Rui Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Li-Sha Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yong-Hong Liao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Rui-Le Pan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qi Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Anderson GD, Chan LN. Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions with Tobacco, Cannabinoids and Smoking Cessation Products. Clin Pharmacokinet 2016; 55:1353-1368. [PMID: 27106177 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-016-0400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco smoke contains a large number of compounds in the form of metals, volatile gases and insoluble particles, as well as nicotine, a highly addictive alkaloid. Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug of abuse in the world, with a significant increase in the USA due to the increasing number of states that allow medical and recreational use. Of the over 70 phytocannabinoids in marijuana, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannibinol are the three main constituents. Both marijuana and tobacco smoking induce cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 through activation of the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor, and the induction effect between the two products is additive. Smoking cessation is associated with rapid downregulation of CYP1A enzymes. On the basis of the estimated half-life of CYP1A2, dose reduction of CYP1A drugs may be necessary as early as the first few days after smoking cessation to prevent toxicity, especially for drugs with a narrow therapeutic index. Nicotine is a substrate of CYP2A6, which is induced by oestrogen, resulting in lower concentrations of nicotine in females than in males, especially in females taking oral contraceptives. The significant effects of CYP3A4 inducers and inhibitors on the pharmacokinetics of Δ9THC/CBD oromucosal spray suggest that CYP3A4 is the primary enzyme responsible for the metabolism of Δ9THC and CBD. Limited data also suggest that CBD may significantly inhibit CYP2C19. With the increasing use of marijuana and cannabis products, clinical studies are needed in order to determine the effects of other drugs on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail D Anderson
- Department of Pharmacy, Box 357630, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Lingtak-Neander Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, Box 357630, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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Margină D, Ilie M, Grădinaru D, Androutsopoulos VP, Kouretas D, Tsatsakis AM. Natural products-friends or foes? Toxicol Lett 2015; 236:154-67. [PMID: 25980574 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A trend in the general population has been observed in recent years regarding the orientation toward preventive measures in health; in this context the increased interest from the users and researchers concerning the active effect of food supplements on the health state and on longevity, is noticeable. All over the world, the consumption of natural foods and of vegetal supplements has increased spectacularly over the last 5-10 years. The decreased prevalence of cardio-vascular diseases associated with Mediterranean diet, as well as the French paradox convinced researchers to scientifically document the beneficial outcomes pointed out by traditional use of plants, and to try to develop supplements that would have the same positive effects as these noticed for diet components. The intense research dedicated to this topic revealed the fact that food supplements are linked to some problematic aspects, such as toxicological side effects when associated with classical synthetic drugs. The food supplement-drug interactions are submitted to complex issues regarding pharmacokinetic interactions leading to changes in absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion processes with direct impact on effect and toxicological potential. The present review based on recent literature aims at discussing the food-drug interactions with direct impact on efficacy and toxicity of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Margină
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia St., 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Ilie
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia St., 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Daniela Grădinaru
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia St., 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vasilis P Androutsopoulos
- University of Crete, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Sciences & Toxicology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Larisa, Greece
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- University of Crete, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Sciences & Toxicology, Heraklion, Greece
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Ye LH, He XX, Kong LT, Liao YH, Pan RL, Xiao BX, Liu XM, Chang Q. Identification and characterization of potent CYP2D6 inhibitors in lotus leaves. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 153:190-196. [PMID: 24561383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The herb of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaves is a commonly used traditional Chinese herbal medicine that is utilized for the treatment of sunstroke, to assuage thirst, and to cure both diarrhea and fever in China. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that the herb exhibits various pharmacological effects, such as anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-obesity, anti-oxidant, anti-HIV, anti-microbial, and anti-hypoglycemic activities. Currently, the herb is becoming more popular in China as a "tea drink" or as a main ingredient of some herbal formulations, which implies that the herb and/or its products are now more likely to be concurrently administered with conventional medicines for losing body weight and reducing blood lipids. However, its potential inhibitory effect on human cytochrome P450 (CYP) has not been systemically investigated to date. The present study was performed to assess the potential inhibitory effects of lotus leaf alcoholic extract (LAE), its major fractions, and its main compounds on five CYP isoenzymes (CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4) in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five probe substrates were incubated with human liver microsomes in the presence or absence of the LAE, the alkaloid fraction (AF), the flavonoid fraction (FF), or the individual aporphine alkaloids, namely, nuciferine (NF), N-nornuciferine (N-NF), and 2-hydroxy-1-methoxyaporphine (HMA). After the incubation, the relative metabolites of the substrates were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. RESULTS The results showed that the LAE strongly inhibited CYP2D6 with an IC50 value of 12.05µg/mL and weakly inhibited other isoenzymes. In addition, FF was found to weakly inhibit CYP2D6, whereas AF exerted a markedly higher inhibitory effect on CYP2D6 activity with an IC50 value of 0.96µg/mL. The three aporphine alkaloids isolated from the AF (NF, N-NF, and HMA) significantly inhibited CYP2D6 with IC50 values of 3.78, 3.76, and 3.15µM, respectively. Their Lineweaver-Burk plots and Dixon plots showed that NF, N-NF, and HMA competitively inhibited CYP2D6 activity with Ki values of 1.88, 2.34, and 1.56µM, respectively. CONCLUSION The study revealed that the alkaloid compounds in lotus leaves exert a potent inhibitory effect on CYP2D6 isoenzyme. The possible drug interactions of the leaves and their preparations with conventional medicines should thus be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hu Ye
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Xi He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ling-Ti Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong-Hong Liao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rui-Le Pan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bing-Xin Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin-Min Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qi Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Jeong HU, Kwon SS, Kong TY, Kim JH, Lee HS. Inhibitory effects of cedrol, β-cedrene, and thujopsene on cytochrome P450 enzyme activities in human liver microsomes. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2014; 77:1522-1532. [PMID: 25343299 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.955906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cedrol, β-cedrene, and thujopsene are bioactive sesquiterpenes found in cedar essential oil and exert antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, tonic, astringent, diuretic, sedative, insecticidal, and antifungal activities. These compounds are used globally in traditional medicine and cosmetics. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of cedrol, β-cedrene, and thujopsene on the activities of eight major human cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes using human liver microsomes to assess potential β-cedrene-, cedrol-, and thujopsene-drug interactions. Cedrol, β-cedrene, and thujopsene were found to be potent competitive inhibitors of CYP2B6-mediated bupropion hydroxylase with inhibition constant (Ki) values of 0.9, 1.6, and 0.8 μM, respectively, comparable with that of a selective CYP2B6 inhibitor, thioTEPA (Ki, 2.9 μM). Cedrol also markedly inhibited CYP3A4-mediated midazolam hydroxylation with a Ki value of 3.4 μM, whereas β-cedrene and thujopsene moderately blocked CYP3A4. Cedrol, β-cedrene, and thujopsene at 100 μM negligibly inhibited CYP1A2, CYP2A6, and CYP2D6 activities. Only thujopsene was found to be a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19. Cedrol and thujopsene weakly inhibited CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 activities, but β-cedrene did not. These in vitro results indicate that cedrol, β-cedrene, and thujopsene need to be examined for potential pharmacokinetic drug interactions in vivo due to their potent inhibition of CYP2B6 and CYP3A4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Uk Jeong
- a Drug Metabolism & Bioanalysis Laboratory, College of Pharmacy , The Catholic University of Korea , Bucheon , Korea
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Lee WY, Jang SW, Lee JS, Kim YH, Kim HG, Han JM, Kim DW, Yi MH, Choi MK, Son CG. Uwhangchungsimwon, a traditional herbal medicine, protects brain against oxidative injury via modulation of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response in a chronic restraint mice model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 151:461-469. [PMID: 24269337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Uwhangchungsimwon (UCW) is a representative traditional herbal medicine for central nervous system disorders in East Asia countries over thousand years. To evaluate the pharmacological effects of UCW against oxidative brain injury in a chronic restraint stress mice model. METHODS AND MATERIALS C57BL/6 male mice underwent daily oral administration of distilled water, UCW or ascorbic acid 1h before induction of restraint stress (5h of immobilization daily for 14 days). Nitric oxide (NO), total reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl contents, and activities of antioxidant enzymes, and concentrations of corticosterone, adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine, were measured in brain tissues or sera. RESULTS Restraint stress notably increased NO and ROS levels, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents in brain tissues, but decreased activities of catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase. These alterations were significantly ameliorated by UCW. UCW significantly attenuated the elevated serum concentrations of corticosterone, adrenaline and noradrenaline. UCW also significantly normalized the gene expressions in brain tissues altered by restraint stress; up-regulation of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and N-methyl-d-aspartate type 1 receptor (NMDAR1), and down-regulation of gamma-Aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR), glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD 67), and glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD 65), respectively. Moreover, UCW considerably restored neurogenesis in the hippocampal regions which was disturbed by chronic restraint stress. CONCLUSIONS These results evidenced that UCW has pharmacological properties for brain protection and neurogenesis in status of stress-associated oxidative damage, and the underlying mechanisms involve the regulation of HPA axis in stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Yung Lee
- Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 22-5 Yongwoon-dong, Dong-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Woo Jang
- Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 22-5 Yongwoon-dong, Dong-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- KM-Based Herbal Drug Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 461-24, Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Deajeon 350-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Han
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woon Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-040, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hee Yi
- Department of Anatomy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-040, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Choi
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Korean Medical College of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daehung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea.
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Wu C, Liao Q, Yao M, Xu X, Zhou Y, Hou X, Xie Z. Effect of natural borneol on the pharmacokinetics and distribution of nimodipine in mice. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2013; 39:17-24. [PMID: 23673491 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-013-0135-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of natural borneol (NB) on the pharmacokinetics and distribution of nimodipine in mice. A single dose of nimodipine was administered intravenously (2 mg/kg) to mice pretreated with NB (250 mg/kg) or vehicle. Blood as well as brain, liver, and kidney tissue samples were collected at 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 min post-dose nimodipine. The concentrations of nimodipine in plasma and tissues were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with UV detection, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated based on non-compartmental analysis. NB increased the plasma AUC5-60 min by 26 % compared to the vehicle. In addition, brain concentrations of nimodipine in NB-treated mice were significantly higher than those in control mice with the increased AUC5-60 min by 30 %. In liver and kidney, NB also caused 26 and 47 % increase in AUC5-60 min, respectively. These results implicated that NB may inhibit the metabolism or elimination of nimodipine and enhance its distribution in brain and kidney tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Selective inhibitory effects of mollugin on CYP1A2 in human liver microsomes. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 51:33-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Effect of a New Prokinetic Agent DA-9701 Formulated with Corydalis Tuber and Pharbitidis Semen on Cytochrome P450 and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Enzyme Activities in Human Liver Microsomes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:650718. [PMID: 22548118 PMCID: PMC3323859 DOI: 10.1155/2012/650718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DA-9701 is a new botanical drug composed of the extracts of Corydalis tuber and Pharbitidis semen, and it is used as an oral therapy for the treatment of functional dyspepsia in Korea. The inhibitory potentials of DA-9701 and its component herbs, Corydalis tuber and Pharbitidis semen, on the activities of seven major human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and four UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes in human liver microsomes were investigated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. DA-9701 and Corydalis tuber extract slightly inhibited UGT1A1-mediated etoposide glucuronidation, with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) values of 188 and 290 μg/mL, respectively. DA-9701 inhibited CYP2D6-catalyzed bufuralol 1'-hydroxylation with an inhibition constant (K(i)) value of 6.3 μg/mL in a noncompetitive manner. Corydalis tuber extract competitively inhibited CYP2D6-mediated bufuralol 1'-hydroxylation, with a K(i) value of 3.7 μg/mL, whereas Pharbitidis semen extract showed no inhibition. The volume in which the dose could be diluted to generate an IC(50) equivalent concentration (volume per dose index) value of DA-9701 for inhibition of CYP2D6 activity was 1.16 L/dose, indicating that DA-9701 may not be a potent CYP2D6 inhibitor. Further clinical studies are warranted to evaluate the in vivo extent of the observed in vitro interactions.
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Jiang B, Cai F, Gao S, Meng L, Liang F, Dai X, Xu W, Chen W. Induction of cytochrome P450 3A by Shexiang Baoxin Pill and its main components. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 195:105-13. [PMID: 22178124 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The expression of cytochrome P450 is regulated by both endogenous factors and xenobiotics including chemical drugs and natural medicines. Induction on cytochrome P450 can reduce the therapeutic efficacy from drugs inactivated by this enzyme system, but may increase the efficacy or lead to intoxication for prodrugs. Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used for the treatment of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction in China and other oriental countries. To assess the potential of SBP to alter the activity and expression of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) extensively involved in drug metabolism, we investigated the enzyme-inducing effects of SBP in HepG2 cells and in rats. The results showed that treatment with SBP increased the enzyme activity, mRNA levels and protein expression of CYP3A4 in a concentration-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. Moreover, treatment with SBP enhanced the activities and mRNA expressions of CYP3A1 and CYP3A2 ex vivo in rats. Furthermore, we utilized HepG2 cell line to identify individual components in SBP as potential inducers of CYP3A4. It was found that bufalin, cinobufagin, and resibufogenin were novel CYP3A4 inducers. Among them, bufalin and cinobufagin significantly promoted the CYP3A4 enzyme activity, mRNA and protein levels, with the maximal induction challenging or exceeding that of the induction by rifampicin, indicating that they might play a critical role in CYP3A4 enzyme-inducing effects of SBP. In addition, the metabolic studies with specific inhibitors of CYP isoforms suggested that the three CYP3A4 inducers in SBP are also the substrates for the enzyme. Overall, our results show that SBP contains constituents that can potently induce CYP3A and suggest that this traditional Chinese medicine should be examined clinically for potential drug metabolic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Liu KH. Screening of Potential Anticancer Compounds from Marketed Drugs: Aripiprazole, Haloperidol, Miconazole, and Terfenadine Inhibit Cytochrome P450 2J2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2011.21.11.1558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ji HY, Liu KH, Lee H, Im SR, Shim HJ, Son M, Lee HS. Corydaline inhibits multiple cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzyme activities in human liver microsomes. Molecules 2011; 16:6591-602. [PMID: 21826053 PMCID: PMC6264278 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16086591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Corydaline is a bioactive alkaloid with various antiacetylcholinesterase, antiallergic, and antinociceptive activities found in the medicinal herb Corydalis Tubers. The inhibitory potential of corydaline on the activities of seven major human cytochrome P450 and four UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes in human liver microsomes was investigated using LC-tandem MS. Corydaline was found to inhibit CYP2C19-catalyzed S-mephenytoin-4’-hydroxylatoin and CYP2C9-catalyzed diclofenac 4-hydroxylation, with Ki values of 1.7 and 7.0 μM, respectively. Corydaline also demonstrated moderate inhibition of UGT1A1-mediated 17β-estradiol 3-glucuronidation and UGT1A9-mediated propofol glucuronidation with Ki values of 57.6 and 37.3 μM, respectively. In the presence of corydaline, CYP3A-mediated midazolam hydroxylation showed a decrease with increasing preincubation time in a dose-dependent manner with Ki values of 30.0 μM. These in vitro results suggest that corydaline should be evaluated for potential pharmacokinetic drug interactions in vivo due to potent inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Ji
- Drug Metabolism and Bioanalysis Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Korea
| | - Kwang Hyeon Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Hyeri Lee
- Drug Metabolism and Bioanalysis Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sae Rom Im
- Drug Metabolism and Bioanalysis Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Shim
- Research Center, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Yongin 446-905, Korea
| | - Miwon Son
- Research Center, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Yongin 446-905, Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- Drug Metabolism and Bioanalysis Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Korea
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel: +82-2-2164-4061; Fax: +82-32-342-2013
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Functional proteomics: application of mass spectrometry to the study of enzymology in complex mixtures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:625-45. [PMID: 21769551 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5236-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review covers recent developments in mass spectrometry-based applications dealing with functional proteomics with special emphasis on enzymology. The introduction of mass spectrometry into this research field has led to an enormous increase in knowledge in recent years. A major challenge is the identification of "biologically active substances" in complex mixtures. These biologically active substances are, on the one hand, potential regulators of enzymes. Elucidation of function and identity of those regulators may be accomplished by different strategies, which are discussed in this review. The most promising approach thereby seems to be the one-step procedure, because it enables identification of the functionality and identity of biologically active substances in parallel and thus avoids misinterpretation. On the other hand, besides the detection of regulators, the identification of endogenous substrates for known enzymes is an emerging research field, but in this case studies are quite rare. Moreover, the term biologically active substances may also encompass proteins with diverse biological functions. Elucidation of the functionality of those-so far unknown-proteins in complex mixtures is another branch of functional proteomics and those investigations will also be discussed in this review.
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Kim H, Bae SK, Park SJ, Shim EJ, Kim HS, Shon JH, Liu KH, Shin JG. Effects of woohwangcheongsimwon suspension on the pharmacokinetics of bupropion and its active metabolite, 4-hydroxybupropion, in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2011; 70:126-31. [PMID: 20642555 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03661.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT Woohwangcheongsimwon suspension has traditionally been used for the treatment and prevention of stroke, hypertension, palpitations, convulsions and unconsciousness in various Asian countries. Woohwangcheongsimwon suspensions showed an inhibitory effect on CYP2B6 activity in vitro. Two terpenoids, borneol and isoborneol, are major constituents of woohwangcheongsimwon suspension, and show a competitive inhibition of CYP2B6 with K(i) values of 9.5 and 5.9 microM, respectively. Bupropion undergoes metabolic transformation to the active metabolite, 4-hydroxybupropion, primarily via CYP2B6 both in vivo and in vitro. It is often used as a CYP2B6 substrate for clinical drug-drug interaction studies. Drug interactions may occur between woohwangcheongsimwon suspension and bupropion. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS Co-administration with woohwangcheongsimwon suspension did not alter the pharmacokinetics of bupropion or its metabolite, 4-hydroxybupropion. Dosage adjustment of bupropion is unnecessary in patients concomitantly administered the highest recommended daily dose of woohwangcheongsimwon suspension. AIMS To examine the effects of woohwangcheongsimwon suspension on the pharmacokinetics of bupropion and its active metabolite, 4-hydroxybupropion, formed via CYP2B6 in vivo. METHODS A two-way crossover clinical trial with a 2 week washout period was conducted in 14 healthy volunteers. In phases I and II, subjects received 150 mg bupropion with or without woohwangcheongsimwon suspension four times (at -0.17, 3.5, 23.5 and 47.5 h, with the time of bupropion administration taken as 0 h) in a randomized balanced crossover order. Bupropion and 4-hydroxybupropion plasma concentrations were measured for up to 72 h by LC-MS/MS. Urine was collected up to 24 h to calculate the renal clearance. In addition, the CYP2B6*6 genotype was also analyzed. RESULTS The geometric mean ratios and 90% confidence interval of bupropion with woohwangcheongsimwon suspension relative to bupropion alone were 0.976 (0.917, 1.04) for AUC(0,infinity) and 0.948 (0.830,1.08) for C(max), respectively. The corresponding values for 4-hydroxybupropion were 0.856 (0.802, 0.912) and 0.845 (0.782, 0.914), respectively. The t(max) values of bupropion and 4-hydroxybupropion were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). The pharmacokinetic parameters of bupropion and 4-hydroxybupropion were unaffected by woohwangcheongsimwon suspension. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that woohwangcheongsimwon suspension has a negligible effect on the disposition of a single dose of bupropion in vivo. As a result, temporary co-administration with woohwangcheongsimwon suspension does not seem to require a dosage adjustment of bupropion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunmi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Establishment and characterization of Mardin-Darby canine kidney cells stably expressing human organic anion transporters. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:709-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 01/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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MacDonald L, Murty M, Foster BC. Antiviral drug disposition and natural health products: risk of therapeutic alteration and resistance. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2009; 5:563-78. [PMID: 19442034 DOI: 10.1517/17425250902942302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The HIV/AIDS patient population is known to use natural health products (NHPs) in addition to the several antiretroviral drugs that constitute the treatment regimen for this disease. This review focuses on NHPs and their potential for interactions with antiretroviral agents resulting in therapeutic alterations or resistance. There are conflicting published medical literature reports and very few well-documented human clinical studies that unequivocally demonstrate if this concomitant use increases the risk of interaction/adverse reaction with these therapeutic products. This article outlines some findings from the Canadian domestic adverse reaction case reports associated with the use of antiretrovirals and NHPs. These adverse reaction case reports were specifically examined for patients taking NHPs together with their highly active antiretroviral therapy during or around the time when the adverse reaction developed. Together, the case reports and limited human clinical studies suggest that the risk for therapeutic alterations and resistance can exist due to changes in pharmacokinetic parameters with concomitant use of these therapeutic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura MacDonald
- Therapeutic Products Directorate Health Canada, Holland Cross, Tower B, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Lau AJ, Chang TKH. Inhibition of Human CYP2B6-Catalyzed Bupropion Hydroxylation by Ginkgo biloba Extract: Effect of Terpene Trilactones and Flavonols. Drug Metab Dispos 2009; 37:1931-7. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.109.028118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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