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Zefirov TL, Khisamieva LI, Khabibrakhmanov II, Ziyatdinova NI, Zefirov AL. α 2C-Adrenergic Receptor Blockade Inhibits Langendorff-Isolated Rat Heart Work. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:612-615. [PMID: 37864587 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05911-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of selective α2C-adrenergic receptor antagonist JP-1302 in concentrations of 10-9-10-6 M on inotropy, chronotropy, and coronary flow in the Langendorff-isolated rat heart. JP-1302 in all studied concentrations decreased the left-ventricular myocardium force contraction, HR, and coronary flow. The maximum inotropic, chronotropic, and vascular effects were observed when the antagonist was applied to the perfused solution in a concentration of 10-7 M. The least pronounced decrease in the studied parameters was observed at JP-1302 concentrations of 10-8 and 10-9 M. The obtained data indicate the participation of this subtype of α2-adrenergic receptors in the regulation of activity of isolated adult rats heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Zefirov
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
| | - L I Khisamieva
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - I I Khabibrakhmanov
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - N I Ziyatdinova
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - A L Zefirov
- Department of Normal Physiology, Kazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
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Kuptsova AM, Bugrov RK, Ziyatdinova NI, Zefirov TL. Delayed Consequences of Experimental Myocardial Infarction: Functional Responses to Stimulation of α2-Adrenoreceptors in the Isolated Heart. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 172:419-422. [PMID: 35175479 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05406-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We carried out a comparative analysis of the performance of the heart isolated from healthy rats and in 54 and 120 days after modeling of myocardium infarction. On day 120, the blood supply and heart contraction force increased, while HR did not change. Stimulation of α2-adrenoreceptors with clonidine hydrochloride (10-9 M) reduced the force and rate of contraction and the blood flow in the isolated heart from healthy rats. Stimulation of α2-adrenoreceptors of the isolated heart on day 54 after modeling of myocardium infarction induced a positive inotropic response, bradycardia, and insignificant changes in the heart blood flow. On day 120, stimulation of α2-adrenoreceptors slightly reduced HR and the force of contraction and induced biphasic changes in the coronary flow of the isolated heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Kuptsova
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - R K Bugrov
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - N I Ziyatdinova
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - T L Zefirov
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
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Zefirov TL, Ziyatdinova NI, Kuptsova AM, Zefirov AL. Effect of Clonidine Hydrochloride on Isolated Newborn Rat Heart. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 172:121-124. [PMID: 34855077 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The concentration dependenies of the chronotropic response and changes in blood supply to the isolated heart of 7-day-old newborn rats induced by application of α2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine hydrochloride in concentrations of 10-9-10-6 M were revealed. The minimum concentration of α2-adrenergic receptor agonist caused tachycardia, while higher concentrations led to bradycardia. The maximum effect manifesting in a decrease in coronary flow was recorded at the minimum concentration of the agonist, while the highest concentration had no effect on the coronary flow. When comparing these results with those obtained in control adult rats, we found that the most pronounced differences in the chronotropic effects were observed after addition of the minimum concentration of the α2-adrenergic receptor agonist: bradycardia in adult rats and tachycardia in newborns. The maximum differences in coronary flow parameters were observed after addition of α2-adrenergic receptor agonist in the maximum concentration that induced a two-phase response in adult rats and had no effect on the blood supply in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Zefirov
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
| | - N I Ziyatdinova
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - A M Kuptsova
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - A L Zefirov
- Department of Normal Physiology, Kazan State Medical University, Ministry of the Health of the Russian Federation, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
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Bousquet P, Hudson A, García-Sevilla JA, Li JX. Imidazoline Receptor System: The Past, the Present, and the Future. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:50-79. [PMID: 31819014 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.016311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Imidazoline receptors historically referred to a family of nonadrenergic binding sites that recognize compounds with an imidazoline moiety, although this has proven to be an oversimplification. For example, none of the proposed endogenous ligands for imidazoline receptors contain an imidazoline moiety but they are diverse in their chemical structure. Three receptor subtypes (I1, I2, and I3) have been proposed and the understanding of each has seen differing progress over the decades. I1 receptors partially mediate the central hypotensive effects of clonidine-like drugs. Moxonidine and rilmenidine have better therapeutic profiles (fewer side effects) than clonidine as antihypertensive drugs, thought to be due to their higher I1/α 2-adrenoceptor selectivity. Newer I1 receptor agonists such as LNP599 [3-chloro-2-methyl-phenyl)-(4-methyl-4,5-dihydro-3H-pyrrol-2-yl)-amine hydrochloride] have little to no activity on α 2-adrenoceptors and demonstrate promising therapeutic potential for hypertension and metabolic syndrome. I2 receptors associate with several distinct proteins, but the identities of these proteins remain elusive. I2 receptor agonists have demonstrated various centrally mediated effects including antinociception and neuroprotection. A new I2 receptor agonist, CR4056 [2-phenyl-6-(1H-imidazol-1yl) quinazoline], demonstrated clear analgesic activity in a recently completed phase II clinical trial and holds great promise as a novel I2 receptor-based first-in-class nonopioid analgesic. The understanding of I3 receptors is relatively limited. Existing data suggest that I3 receptors may represent a binding site at the Kir6.2-subtype ATP-sensitive potassium channels in pancreatic β-cells and may be involved in insulin secretion. Despite the elusive nature of their molecular identities, recent progress on drug discovery targeting imidazoline receptors (I1 and I2) demonstrates the exciting potential of these compounds to elicit neuroprotection and to treat various disorders such as hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Bousquet
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (P.B.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (A.H.); Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, University Research Institute on Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Malllorca, Spain (J.A.G.-S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York (J.-X.L.)
| | - Alan Hudson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (P.B.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (A.H.); Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, University Research Institute on Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Malllorca, Spain (J.A.G.-S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York (J.-X.L.)
| | - Jesús A García-Sevilla
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (P.B.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (A.H.); Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, University Research Institute on Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Malllorca, Spain (J.A.G.-S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York (J.-X.L.)
| | - Jun-Xu Li
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (P.B.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (A.H.); Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, University Research Institute on Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Malllorca, Spain (J.A.G.-S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York (J.-X.L.)
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Kokoz YM, Evdokimovskii EV, Maltsev AV. Upregulation of α2-adrenoceptor synthesis in SHR cardiomyocytes: Recompense without sense – Increased amounts, impaired commands. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 674:108109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yoshikawa Y, Hirata N, Kawaguchi R, Tokinaga Y, Yamakage M. Dexmedetomidine Maintains Its Direct Cardioprotective Effect Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Hypertensive Hypertrophied Myocardium. Anesth Analg 2018; 126:443-452. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000002452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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7
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Selective Blockade of α 2-Adrenoceptor Subtypes Modulates Contractility of Rat Myocardium. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 162:177-179. [PMID: 27909967 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The study examined the dose-dependent effects of selective antagonists of α2A/D-, α2B-, and α2C- adrenoceptors applied in concentrations of 10-9-10-5 M on atrial and ventricular contractility of rat myocardium in vitro. Selective blockade of each α2-adrenoceptor subtype affected the contractile force of the atrial and ventricular strips. Various concentrations of α2A/D- and α2C-adrenoceptor antagonists produced positive inotropic effect on ventricular strips and negative effect on atrial strips. α2B-Adrenoceptor blocker in the majority of the tested concentrations produced a positive inotropic effect in both atria and ventricles.
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Cobos-Puc LE, Sánchez-López A, Centurión D. Pharmacological analysis of the cardiac sympatho-inhibitory actions of moxonidine and agmatine in pithed spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:25-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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El-Sayed SS, Zakaria MNM, Abdel-Ghany RH, Abdel-Rahman AA. Cystathionine-γ lyase-derived hydrogen sulfide mediates the cardiovascular protective effects of moxonidine in diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 783:73-84. [PMID: 27138707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Blunted cystathionine-γ lyase (CSE) activity (reduced endogenous H2S-level) is implicated in hypertension and myocardial dysfunction in diabetes. Here, we tested the hypothesis that CSE derived H2S mediates the cardiovascular protection conferred by the imidazoline I1 receptor agonist moxonidine in a diabetic rat model. We utilized streptozotocin (STZ; 55mg/kg i.p) to induce diabetes in male Wistar rats. Four weeks later, STZ-treated rats received vehicle, moxonidine (2 or 6mg/kg; gavage), CSE inhibitor DL-propargylglycine, (37.5mg/kg i.p) or DL-propargylglycine with moxonidine (6mg/kg) for 3 weeks. Moxonidine improved the glycemic state, and reversed myocardial hypertrophy, hypertension and baroreflex dysfunction in STZ-treated rats. Ex vivo studies revealed that STZ caused reductions in CSE expression/activity, H2S and nitric oxide (NO) levels and serum adiponectin and elevations in myocardial imidazoline I1 receptor expression, p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK1/2, phosphorylation and lipid peroxidation (expressed as malondialdehyde). Moxonidine reversed these biochemical responses, and suppressed the expression of death associated protein kinase-3. Finally, pharmacologic CSE inhibition (DL-propargylglycine) abrogated the favorable cardiovascular, glycemic and biochemical responses elicited by moxonidine. These findings present the first evidence for a mechanistic role for CSE derived H2S in the glycemic control and in the favorable cardiovascular effects conferred by imidazoline I1 receptor activation (moxonidine) in a diabetic rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa S El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| | - Mohamed N M Zakaria
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rasha H Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abdel A Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
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Effect of Selective Blockade of α2C-Adrenoceptors on Cardiac Activity in Growing Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med 2015; 159:697-9. [PMID: 26519277 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-015-3051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Selective blockade of α2C-adrenoceptors had different effects on the cardiovascular system in rats of various age groups. Blockade of α2C-adrenoceptors in adult rats and 3-week-old animals produced the positive and negative chronotropic effects, respectively. HR in 1-week-old and 6-week-old rats did not change during α2C-adrenoceptor blockade. Selective blockade of α2C-adrenoceptors in adult rats and 3-week-old animals was followed by the increase in BP. BP in 6-week-old rats was shown to decrease under these conditions.
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Keller B, García-Sevilla JA. Immunodetection and subcellular distribution of imidazoline receptor proteins with three antibodies in mouse and human brains: Effects of treatments with I1- and I2-imidazoline drugs. J Psychopharmacol 2015; 29:996-1012. [PMID: 26038110 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115586936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Various imidazoline receptor (IR) proteins have been proposed to mediate the effects of selective I1- and I2-IR drugs. However, the association of these IR-binding proteins with classic I1- and I2-radioligand binding sites remains somewhat controversial. In this study, three IR antibodies (anti-NISCH and anti-nischarin for I1-IRs; and anti-IRBP for I1/I2-IRs) were used to immunodetect, characterize and compare IR protein patterns in brain (mouse and human; total homogenate, subcellular fractionation, grey and white matter) and some cell systems (neurones, astrocytes, human platelets). Various immunoreactive IRs (specific molecular weight bands coincidently detected with the different antibodies) were related to I1-IR (167 kDa, 105/115 kDa and 85 kDa proteins) or I2-IR (66 kDa, 45 kDa and 30 kDa proteins) types. The biochemical characterization of cortical 167 kDa protein, localized in the membrane/cytosol but not in the nucleus, indicated that this I1-IR also forms part of higher order nischarin-related complexes. The contents of I1-IR (167 kDa, 105/115 kDa, and 85 kDa) proteins in mouse brain cortex were upregulated by treatment with I1-drugs (moxonidine, efaroxan) but not with I2-drugs (BU-224, LSL 61122). Conversely, the contents of I2-IR (66 kDa, 45 kDa and 30 kDa) proteins in mouse brain cortex were modulated by treatment with I2-drugs (decreases after BU-224 and LSL 61122, and increases after idazoxan) but not with I1-drugs (with the exception of moxonidine). These findings further indicate that brain immunoreactive IR proteins exist in multiple forms that can be grouped in the already known I1- and I2-IR types, which are expressed both in neurones and astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Keller
- Laboratori de Neurofarmacologia, IUNICS-IdISPa, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain and Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RETICS-RTA), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús A García-Sevilla
- Laboratori de Neurofarmacologia, IUNICS-IdISPa, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain and Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RETICS-RTA), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Effect of Selective Blockade of α2-Adrenoceptor Subtypes on Cardiovascular System in Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med 2015; 158:410-2. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-015-2774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Alpha-2 adrenoceptors and imidazoline receptors in cardiomyocytes mediate counterbalancing effect of agmatine on NO synthesis and intracellular calcium handling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 68:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Karlafti EF, Hatzitolios AI, Karlaftis AF, Baltatzi MS, Koliakos GG, Savopoulos CG. Effects of moxonidine on sympathetic nervous system activity: An update on metabolism, cardio, and other target-organ protection. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2013; 5:253-6. [PMID: 24302832 PMCID: PMC3831737 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.120067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Moxonidine is the newest, second-generation, centrally acting antihypertensive agent. It has selective agonist activity at imidazoline I1 receptors and less adverse effects than the other centrally acting drugs. This fact authorizes the frequent use of moxonidine in clinical practice, as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. Also, moxonidine has beneficial effects in obese and metabolic syndrome and in target-organs, such as heart and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni F Karlafti
- Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Maltsev AV, Evdokimovskii EV, Pimenov OY, Nenov MN, Kokoz YM. Regulation of potential-dependent L-type Ca2+ currents by agmatine. Imidazoline receptors in isolated cardiomyocytes. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW SUPPLEMENT SERIES A-MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747812040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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An “I” on Cardiac Hypertrophic Remodelling: Imidazoline Receptors and Heart Disease. Can J Cardiol 2012; 28:590-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Wiczling P, Nasal A, Kubik Ł, Kaliszan R. A new pH/organic modifier gradient RP HPLC method for convenient determination of lipophilicity and acidity of drugs as applied to established imidazoline agents. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 47:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ibacache M, Sanchez G, Pedrozo Z, Galvez F, Humeres C, Echevarria G, Duaso J, Hassi M, Garcia L, Díaz-Araya G, Lavandero S. Dexmedetomidine preconditioning activates pro-survival kinases and attenuates regional ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat heart. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2011; 1822:537-45. [PMID: 22230708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological preconditioning limits myocardial infarct size after ischemia/reperfusion. Dexmedetomidine is an α(2)-adrenergic receptor agonist used in anesthesia that may have cardioprotective properties against ischemia/reperfusion injury. We investigate whether dexmedetomidine administration activates cardiac survival kinases and induces cardioprotection against regional ischemia/reperfusion injury. In in vivo and ex vivo models, rat hearts were subjected to 30 min of regional ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion with dexmedetomidine before ischemia. The α(2)-adrenergic receptor antagonist yohimbine was also given before ischemia, alone or with dexmedetomidine. Erk1/2, Akt and eNOS phosphorylations were determined before ischemia/reperfusion. Cardioprotection after regional ischemia/reperfusion was assessed from infarct size measurement and ventricular function recovery. Localization of α(2)-adrenergic receptors in cardiac tissue was also assessed. Dexmedetomidine preconditioning increased levels of phosphorylated Erk1/2, Akt and eNOS forms before ischemia/reperfusion; being significantly reversed by yohimbine in both models. Dexmedetomidine preconditioning (in vivo model) and peri-insult protection (ex vivo model) significantly reduced myocardial infarction size, improved functional recovery and yohimbine abolished dexmedetomidine-induced cardioprotection in both models. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY-294002 reversed myocardial infarction size reduction induced by dexmedetomidine preconditioning. The three isotypes of α(2)-adrenergic receptors were detected in the whole cardiac tissue whereas only the subtypes 2A and 2C were observed in isolated rat adult cardiomyocytes. These results show that dexmedetomidine preconditioning and dexmedetomidine peri-insult administration produce cardioprotection against regional ischemia/reperfusion injury, which is mediated by the activation of pro-survival kinases after cardiac α(2)-adrenergic receptor stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Ibacache
- Division de Anestesiologia, Facultad Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Yang J, Sun N, Xiong Q, Yang R. Effect of Moxonidine on the Uveoscleral Outflow: Role of α2-Adrenoceptors or I1Imidazoline Receptors. Curr Eye Res 2009; 34:287-96. [DOI: 10.1080/02713680902750077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Mukaddam-Daher S, Menaouar A, Paquette PA, Jankowski M, Gutkowska J, Gillis MA, Shi YF, Calderone A, Tardif JC. Hemodynamic and cardiac effects of chronic eprosartan and moxonidine therapy in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2009; 53:775-81. [PMID: 19273740 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.126524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems play critical interlinked roles in the development of left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction. These studies investigated the hemodynamic and cardiac effects of monoblockade and coblockade of renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems. Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (16 weeks old; male; n=12 per group) received the sympatholytic imidazoline compound, moxonidine (2.4 mg/kg per day); the angiotensin-receptor blocker eprosartan (30 mg/kg per day), separately or in combination; or saline vehicle for 8 weeks, SC, via osmotic minipumps. Blood pressure and heart rate were continuously measured by radiotelemetry. After 8 weeks, in vivo cardiac function and structure were measured by transthoracic echocardiography and a Millar conductance catheter, and the rats were then euthanized and blood and heart ventricles collected for various determinations. Compared with vehicle, the subhypotensive dose of moxonidine resulted in lower (P<0.01) heart rate, left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, interleukin 1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and mRNA for natriuretic peptides. Eprosartan reduced pressure (P<0.01), as well as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 44 phosphorylation, Bax/Bcl-2, and collagen I/III, and improved left ventricular diastolic function (P<0.03). Combined treatment resulted in greater reductions in blood pressure, heart rate, left ventricular hypertrophy, collagen I/III, and inhibited inducible NO synthase and increased endothelial NO synthase phosphorylation, as well as reduced left ventricular anterior wall thickness, without altering the other parameters. Thus, in advanced hypertension complicated with cardiac fibrosis, sympathetic inhibition and angiotensin II blockade resulted in greater reduction in blood pressure and heart rate, inhibition of inflammation, and improved left ventricular pathology but did not add to the benefits of angiotensin II blockade on cardiac function.
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Mukaddam-Daher S, Menaouar A, Gutkowska J. Receptors involved in moxonidine-stimulated atrial natriuretic peptide release from isolated normotensive rat hearts. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 541:73-9. [PMID: 16774751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2006] [Revised: 04/27/2006] [Accepted: 05/08/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Imidazoline I1-receptors are present in the heart and may be involved in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) release. The following studies investigated whether moxonidine (an antihypertensive imidazoline I1-receptor and alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist) acts directly on the heart to stimulate ANP release, and to characterize the receptor type involved in this action. Perfusion of rat (200-225 g) isolated hearts with moxonidine (10(-6) and 10(-5) M), for 30 min, resulted in ANP release (83+/-29 and 277+/-70 ng/30 min, above basal, respectively), significantly (P<0.01) different from perfusion with buffer (-6+/-31 ng/30 min). ANP release stimulated by moxonidine (10(-6) M) was inhibited by co-perfusion with the antagonists, AGN192403 (imidazoline I1-receptor), phenoxybenzamine (alpha2>alpha1-adrenoceptors), and prazosin (alpha1>alpha2-adrenoceptors), but increased by rauwolscine (alpha2-adrenoceptors). Perfusion with 10(-5) M brimonidine (full alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist) inhibited moxonidine-stimulated ANP release. Similarly, moxonidine (10(-6) M) tended to reduce coronary flow, but significantly increased coronary flow in the presence of brimonidine, which was vasoconstrictive when perfused alone. Coronary flow was reduced by 10(-5) M each, brimonidine>clonidine>moxonidine; while similar bradycardia was observed with clonidine and moxonidine, but not with brimonidine. In conclusion, these results argue in favor of moxonidine acting primarily on imidazoline I1-receptors to release ANP, with both alpha2-adrenoceptor and imidazoline I1-receptors exerting inhibitory inter-relation. In contrast, the coronary vasodilatory effect of moxonidine requires full activation of alpha2-adrenoceptor. The sympatholytic and ANP-releasing effects of moxonidine appear to be mediated by cardiac imidazoline receptors that may be differentially localized. Most importantly, moxonidine can stimulate ANP release from the heart without contribution of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhayla Mukaddam-Daher
- Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal Research Center, Campus Hotel-Dieu, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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