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Al-Snafi AE, Teibo JO, Shaheen HM, Akinfe OA, Teibo TKA, Emieseimokumo N, Elfiky MM, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Garbeeb AI, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Mahana HAM, Younes AM, Elbanna OA, Qasem AEAR, Shahin IYI, Batiha GES. The therapeutic value of Myrtus communis L.: an updated review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4579-4600. [PMID: 38319389 PMCID: PMC11166855 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02958-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Myrtus communis L. (Family: Myrtaceae) is naturally found in the western part of Asia, Southern Europe, and North Africa. It has been reportedly applied in pharmaceutical industry, traditional medicine, cosmetics, spices, and food. Pubmed, Google scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were utilized to seek out relevant content concerning the therapeutic potential of M. communis. Subsequently, we conducted a review to identity noteworthy updates pertaining to M. communis. Myrtle berries, leaves, seeds, and essential oils are natural sources of several nutrients and bioactive compounds with marked health effects. The chemical analysis showed that M. communis contained oils, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, coumarins, saponosides, tannins, quinines, and anthraquinones. A pharmacological investigation revealed that M. communis possessed anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimutagenic, immunomodulatory, dermatological, cardiovascular, central nervous system, and gastrointestinal protective effects, among numerous other biological effects. This current review focused on the biochemical, pharmacological, therapeutic effects, and various biological activities of different parts of M. communis. It signifies that M. communis is a therapeutic plant with numerous applications in medicine and could be used as a drug isolate based on its safety and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - John Oluwafemi Teibo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hazem M Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | | | - Titilade Kehinde Ayandeyi Teibo
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Numonde Emieseimokumo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rivers State University, Rivers State, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Mohamed M Elfiky
- Anatomy Department, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Garbeeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, 11741, Greece
- Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, Wien, 1030, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Hitham Alaa Mohammed Mahana
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Maher Younes
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Osama Ashraf Elbanna
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Abd-Elrahman Ali Radwan Qasem
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Yasser Ibrahim Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
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Haririan Y, Asefnejad A, Hamishehkar H, Farahpour MR. Carboxymethyl chitosan-gelatin-mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing Myrtus communis L. extract as a novel transparent film wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127081. [PMID: 37769781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing and health care requirements have attracted more attention, and the need to develop new drug-containing dressings to accelerate wound healing is required. Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/gelatin-based films with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) containing the Myrtus communis L. (Myrtle) aqueous extract were designed to answer this demand. Myrtle aqueous extract included total phenolic content and good free radical scavenging ability in vitro assay. The infrared spectroscopy characterized the functional groups of myrtle extract and biocomposite films. It was found that mesoporous silica nanoparticles increased the tensile strength of the flexible dressings, which is essential in therapeutic uses. MSNs influenced swelling ratio, oxygen, and water vapor permeability that indicates the CMCS/Gelatin/Myrtle/5 % MSNs wound dressing can absorb wound exudates and preserve skin moisture. Also, these biocompatible nanoparticles reduced the cytotoxicity of fibroblast cells due to the decelerated drug release. Correspondingly, silica nanoparticles affected the extract release rate and could accumulate and release the extract prolonged in CMCS/Gelatin/Myrtle/5 % MSNs models. Finally, histological analysis showed collagen growth and fibroblast migration in wounds treated with CMCS/Gelatin/Myrtle/5 % MSNs, causing proper wound contraction and accelerating wound healing in mice models. The results suggest that CMCS/Gelatin/Myrtle/5 % MSNs films have a beneficial application as wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Haririan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Asefnejad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Farahpour
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
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Luo EE, Liu SN, Wang ZJ, Chen LY, Liang CQ, Yu MY, Qin XJ. Oligomeric phloroglucinols with hAChE inhibitory and antibacterial activities from tropic Rhodomyrtus tomentosa. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106836. [PMID: 37774436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's diseases (AD) and other infectious diseases caused by drug-resistance bacteria have posed a serious threat to human lives and global health. With the aim to search for human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) inhibitors and antibacterial agents from medicinal plants, 16 phloroglucinol oligomers, including two new phloroglucinol monomers (1a and 1b), four new phloroglucinol dimers (3a, 3b, 4b, and 5a), six new phloroglucinol trimers (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, and 8b), and two naturally occurring phloroglucinol monomers (2a and 2b), along with two known congeners (4a and 5b), were purified from the leaves of tropic Rhodomyrtus tomentosa. The structures and absolute configurations of these new isolates were unequivocally established by comprehensive analyses of their spectroscopic data (NMR and HRESIMS), ECD calculation, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Structurally, 3a/3b shared a rare C-5' formyl group, whereas 6a/6b possessed a unique C-7' aromatic ring. In addition, 7a/7b and 8a/8b were rare phloroglucinol trimers with a bis-furan and a C-6' hemiketal group. Pharmacologically, the mixture of 3a and 3b showed the most potent human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 1.21 ± 0.16 μM. The molecular docking studies of 3a and 3b in the hAChE binding sites were performed, displaying good agreement with the in vitro inhibitory effects. In addition, the mixture of 3a and 3b displayed the most significant anti-MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) with MIC and MBC values of both 0.50 μg/mL, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies revealed that they could destroy the biofilm structures of MRSA. The findings provide potential candidates for the further development of anti-AD and anti-bacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-E Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Qin Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu-Yuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xu-Jie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Bungau AF, Radu AF, Bungau SG, Vesa CM, Tit DM, Purza AL, Endres LM. Emerging Insights into the Applicability of Essential Oils in the Management of Acne Vulgaris. Molecules 2023; 28:6395. [PMID: 37687224 PMCID: PMC10489792 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of pustules, comedones, nodules, and cysts defines acne vulgaris, a prevalent chronic inflammatory dermatological condition. In the past few decades, essential oils extracted from varied natural sources have acquired recognition due to their potential medicinal applications in acne therapy. However, there is not yet sufficient medical data to fully characterize this interaction. Multiple factors contribute to the development of acne vulgaris, including excessive sebaceous production, inflammatory processes, hyperkeratinization, and infection with Cutibacterium acnes. Essential oils, including oregano, lavender, lemon grass, myrtle, lemon, thyme, eucalyptus, rosemary, and tea tree, have been found to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, which may target the multifactorial causes of acne. Analytical methods for determining antioxidant potential (i.e., total phenolic content, diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay, ferrous ion chelating activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive species assay, β-carotene bleaching assay, etc.) are essential for the evaluation of these essential oils, and their method optimization is crucial. Further studies could include the development of novel acne treatments incorporating essential oils and an assessment of their efficacy in large clinical trials. In addition, further research is necessary to ascertain the mechanisms of action of essential oils and their optimal doses and safety profiles for optimal implementation in the management of acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Florina Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (C.M.V.); (D.M.T.)
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (C.M.V.); (D.M.T.)
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (C.M.V.); (D.M.T.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Cosmin Mihai Vesa
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (C.M.V.); (D.M.T.)
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (C.M.V.); (D.M.T.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Anamaria Lavinia Purza
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Laura Maria Endres
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
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Kurkin VA, Khusainova AI, Kurkina AV, Bakova NN, Bakova EY. Development of a Method of Quantitative Determination of Total Flavonoids in the Leaves of Myrtus communis. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022070159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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6
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Papaemmanouil CD, Peña-García J, Banegas-Luna AJ, Kostagianni AD, Gerothanassis IP, Pérez-Sánchez H, Tzakos AG. ANTIAGE-DB: A Database and Server for the Prediction of Anti-Aging Compounds Targeting Elastase, Hyaluronidase, and Tyrosinase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112268. [PMID: 36421454 PMCID: PMC9686885 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products bear a multivariate biochemical profile with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antitumoral properties. Along with their natural sources, they have been widely used both as anti-aging and anti-melanogenic agents due to their effective contribution in the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by oxidative stress. Their anti-aging activity is mainly related to their capacity of inhibiting enzymes like Human Neutrophil Elastase (HNE), Hyaluronidase (Hyal) and Tyrosinase (Tyr). Herein, we accumulated literature information (covering the period 1965–2020) on the inhibitory activity of natural products and their natural sources towards these enzymes. To navigate this information, we developed a database and server termed ANTIAGE-DB that allows the prediction of the anti-aging potential of target compounds. The server operates in two axes. First a comparison of compounds by shape similarity can be performed against our curated database of natural products whose inhibitory potential has been established in the literature. In addition, inverse virtual screening can be performed for a chosen molecule against the three targeted enzymes. The server is open access, and a detailed report with the prediction results is emailed to the user. ANTIAGE-DB could enable researchers to explore the chemical space of natural based products, but is not limited to, as anti-aging compounds and can predict their anti-aging potential. ANTIAGE-DB is accessed online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina D. Papaemmanouil
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Jorge Peña-García
- Structural Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Antonio Jesús Banegas-Luna
- Structural Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Androniki D. Kostagianni
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis P. Gerothanassis
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Structural Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
- Correspondence: (H.P.-S.); (A.G.T.)
| | - Andreas G. Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Institute of Materials Science and Computing, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Correspondence: (H.P.-S.); (A.G.T.)
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Hyperforin and Myrtucommulone Derivatives Act as Natural Modulators of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062984. [PMID: 35328403 PMCID: PMC8954631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic activities of natural plant extracts have been well known for centuries. Many of them, in addition to antiviral and antibiotic effects, turned out to have anti-tumor activities by targeting different signaling pathways. The canonical Wnt pathway represents a major tumorigenic pathway deregulated in numerous tumor entities, including colon cancer. Here, we investigated the acylphloroglucinols hyperforin (HF) from St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) and myrtucommulone A (MC A) from myrtle (Myrtus communis) and semi-synthetic derivatives thereof (HM 177, HM 297, HM298) for their effects on Wnt/β-catenin signaling. None of these substances revealed major cytotoxicity on STF293 embryonic kidney and HCT116 colon carcinoma cells at concentrations up to 10 μM. At this concentration, HF and HM 177 showed the strongest effect on cell proliferation, whereas MC A and HM 177 most prominently inhibited anchorage-independent growth of HCT116 cells. Western blot analyses of active β-catenin and β-catenin/TCF reporter gene assays in STF293 cells revealed inhibitory activities of HF, MC A and HM 177. In line with this, the expression of endogenous Wnt target genes, Axin and Sp5, in HCT116 cells was significantly reduced. Our data suggest that the acylphloroglucinols hyperforin, myrtucommulone A and its derivative HM 177 represent potential new therapeutic agents to inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colon cancer.
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Rapiejko P, Talik P, Jurkiewicz D. New treatment options for acute rhinosinusitis according to EPOS 2020. Otolaryngol Pol 2021; 76:29-39. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.7094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a very common condition and mostly of viral origin. About 0.5–2% of the viral ARS are complicated by a bacterial infection. Due to viral etiology and inflammatory mechanisms of rhinitis and rhinosinusitis, symptomatic treatment including phytotherapy have been used for their treatment for decades. Scientific societies and expert groups recommend the use of herbal medicines in acute viral and acute post-viral rhinosinusitis. In 2021, Polish patients gained access to a new therapeutic option for acute sinusitis in the form of a drug containing a distillate of a mixture of rectified essential oils of eucalyptus, sweet orange, myrtle and lemon common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rapiejko
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology with Clinical Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Military Medical Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Talik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum of the Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Jurkiewicz
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology with Clinical Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Military Medical Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Yu MY, Liu SN, Liu H, Meng QH, Qin XJ, Liu HY. Acylphloroglucinol trimers from Callistemon salignus seeds: Isolation, configurational assignment, hAChE inhibitory effects, and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105404. [PMID: 34749116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnoses are greatly increasing in frequency as the global population ages, highlighting an urgent need for new anti-AD strategies. With the aim to search for human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) inhibitors from the species of Myrtaceae family, ten acylphloroglucinol trimers (APTs), including eight new APTs, callistemontrimers A-H (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4b, and 5b), and two naturally occurring ones (4a and 5a), along with one reported triketone-acylphloroglucinol-monoterpene adduct (6), were obtained and structurally characterized from the hAChE inhibitory acetone extract of Callistemon salignus seeds. The structures and their absolute configurations for new APTs were unequivocally established via the detailed interpretation of extensive spectroscopic data (HRESIMS and NMR), ECD calculations, and single crystal X-ray diffraction, whereas the absolute configurations of known APTs were determined by further chiral separation, and calculated ECD calculations. The results of hAChE inhibitory assay revealed that an enantiomeric mixture of 2a/2b, 2a, and 2b are good hAChE inhibitors with IC50 values of 1.22 ± 0.23, 2.28 ± 0.19, and 4.96 ± 0.39 μM, respectively. Molecular docking was used to uncover the modes of interactions for bioactive compounds with the active site of hAChE. In addition, 2 and 6 displayed moderate neurite outgrowth-promoting effects with differentiation rates of 6.16% and 6.19% at a concentration of 1.0 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Yuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Jie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hai-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Mahboubi-Rabbani M, Zarghi A. Lipoxygenase Inhibitors as Cancer Chemopreventives: Discovery, Recent Developments and Future Perspectives. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1143-1175. [PMID: 31820690 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191210104820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukotrienes (LTs) constitute a bioactive group of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) metabolites molded by the enzymatic activity of lipoxygenase (LO) and have a pivotal role in inflammation and allergy. Evidence is accumulating both by in vitro cell culture experiments and animal tumor model studies in support of the direct involvement of aberrant metabolism of arachidonic acid (ACD) in the development of several types of human cancers such as lung, prostate, pancreatic and colorectal malignancies. Several independent experimental data suggest a correlation between tumoral cells viability and LO gene expression, especially, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Overexpressed 5-LO cells live longer, proliferate faster, invade more effectively through extracellular matrix destruction and activate the anti-apoptotic signaling mechanisms more intensively compared to the normal counterparts. Thus, some groups of lipoxygenase inhibitors may be effective as promising chemopreventive agents. METHODS A structured search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literature regarding the role of LO in the pathogenesis of cancer was performed. The characteristics of screened papers were summarized and the latest advances focused on the discovery of new LO inhibitors as anticancer agents were discussed. RESULTS More than 180 papers were included and summarized in this review; the majority was about the newly designed and synthesized 5-LO inhibitors as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. The enzyme's structure, 5-LO pathway, 5-LO inhibitors structure-activity relationships as well as the correlation between these drugs and a number of most prevalent human cancers were described. In most cases, it has been emphasized that dual cyclooxygenase-2/5-lipoxygenase (COX-2/5-LO) or dual 5-lipoxygenase/microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (5-LO/mPGES-1) inhibitors possess considerable inhibitory activities against their target enzymes as well as potent antiproliferative effects. Several papers disclosing 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) antagonists as a new group of 5-LO activity regulators are also subject to this review. Also, the potential of 12-lipoxygenase (12- LO) and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) inhibitors as chemopreventive agents was outlined to expand the scope of new anticancer agents discovery. Some peptides and peptidomimetics with anti-LT activities were described as well. In addition, the cytotoxic effects of lipoxygenase inhibitors and their adverse effects were discussed and some novel series of natural-product-derived inhibitors of LO was also discussed in this review. CONCLUSION This review gives insights into the novel lipoxygenase inhibitors with anticancer activity as well as the different molecular pharmacological strategies to inhibit the enzyme effectively. The findings confirm that certain groups of LO inhibitors could act as promising chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahboubi-Rabbani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Salmanian M, Shirbeigi L, Hashem-Dabaghian F, Mansouri P, Azizkhani M, Alavi S, Ghobadi A. The Effects of Myrtle ( Myrtus communis) and Clindamycin Topical Solution in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris: A Comparative Split-Face Study. J Pharmacopuncture 2020; 23:220-229. [PMID: 33408898 PMCID: PMC7772080 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2020.23.4.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Although Acne vulgaris is a chronic skin disease, which its standard treatment causes therapeutic limitations and some common adverse effects, medicinal plants can be effective in treatment with low adverse effects as combination therapy. Myrtle (Myrtus Communis) has some beneficial properties, which has been administered topically and orally for some skin diseases in Persian medicine. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of Myrtle formula and 1% clindamycin topical solution. Methods This was a split-face clinical trial that was done on 55 patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris for 16 weeks. The patients received topical Myrtle solution to the right side of the face (group 1) and clindamycin solution to the left side (group 2) twice daily for 12 weeks. All participants were examined for the acne severity index (ASI) and total acne lesions counting (TLC) at certain times during the study. Then, they stopped using them for four weeks. They also did not take the drug in the final four weeks of the study. Results Forty-eight patients completed the study for 16 weeks; 40 (83.2%) patients were female and the rest of them were male. The mean age and standard deviation were 25.62 ± 7.62 years. After 12 weeks, the percentage changes of comedones, inflammatory lesions, ASI and TLC were significantly reduced in both groups (p < 0.001). The percentage change of inflammatory lesions and ASI decrease was significantly higher in the group 1 (p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the two groups. There was a more significant decrease in sebum percentage change in the group 1 (p = 0.003). Conclusion Myrtle lotion was effective and safe for the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Salmanian
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laila Shirbeigi
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Hashem-Dabaghian
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mansouri
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shiva Alavi
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghobadi
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Fana SE, Ahmadpour F, Rasouli HR, Tehrani SS, Maniati M. The effects of natural compounds on wound healing in Iranian traditional medicine: A comprehensive review. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2020; 42:101275. [PMID: 33429123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Wounds are physical and anatomical disruption in healthy skin and represent an important healthcare concern around the world. Wound healing is a complex and dynamic cascade of cellular and molecular interactions which include four main phases: hemostasis, inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling. Therefore, some pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities can play a key role in the process of wound healing. Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) has a rich background of practice and a wealth of ancient medicine scientists from the Old Persian days until today. This paper presents and characterizes pure data from original references of ITM about wound remedies and verifies their function by reviewing articles from three databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus), which could be an interesting and comprehensive resource for future researchers interested in traditional medicine (TM) generally and in ITM in particular. Selected natural compounds from the references were divided into 5 groups, including herbs, herbal products, animal products, minerals, and animals. In total, 23 natural compounds with regard to the current state of knowledge and ITM were introduced and verified. The present review will provide better insights into ITM and its extensive experience in topics such as wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ebrahimi Fana
- Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fathollah Ahmadpour
- Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Rasouli
- Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- Department of English, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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13
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Wan Q, Song D, Li H, He ML. Stress proteins: the biological functions in virus infection, present and challenges for target-based antiviral drug development. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:125. [PMID: 32661235 PMCID: PMC7356129 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress proteins (SPs) including heat-shock proteins (HSPs), RNA chaperones, and ER associated stress proteins are molecular chaperones essential for cellular homeostasis. The major functions of HSPs include chaperoning misfolded or unfolded polypeptides, protecting cells from toxic stress, and presenting immune and inflammatory cytokines. Regarded as a double-edged sword, HSPs also cooperate with numerous viruses and cancer cells to promote their survival. RNA chaperones are a group of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), which are essential factors for manipulating both the functions and metabolisms of pre-mRNAs/hnRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II. hnRNPs involve in a large number of cellular processes, including chromatin remodelling, transcription regulation, RNP assembly and stabilization, RNA export, virus replication, histone-like nucleoid structuring, and even intracellular immunity. Dysregulation of stress proteins is associated with many human diseases including human cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s diseases, Alzheimer disease), stroke and infectious diseases. In this review, we summarized the biologic function of stress proteins, and current progress on their mechanisms related to virus reproduction and diseases caused by virus infections. As SPs also attract a great interest as potential antiviral targets (e.g., COVID-19), we also discuss the present progress and challenges in this area of HSP-based drug development, as well as with compounds already under clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianya Wan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huangcan Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming-Liang He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. .,CityU Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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14
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Structures and Bioactive Properties of Myrtucommulones and Related Acylphloroglucinols from Myrtaceae. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123370. [PMID: 30572614 PMCID: PMC6321051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myrtaceae are a group of plants that include a number of renowned species used in ethnomedicine in many areas worldwide. Their valuable therapeutic properties have stimulated a fruitful research activity addressed to the identification of the bioactive components of their extracts yielding a great diversity of terpenes; polyphenols; and other exclusive products. Among the latter, starting with the discovery of myrtucommulone A from myrtle (Myrtus communis), a series of structurally-related acylphloroglucinol compounds have been characterized from several species that represent the basic active principles to be considered in view of possible drug development. Aspects concerning chemical and biological properties of these products are reviewed in the present paper.
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15
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Elgazar AA, Knany HR, Ali MS. Insights on the molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of formula from Islamic traditional medicine: An in-silico study. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 9:353-363. [PMID: 31453132 PMCID: PMC6702150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Traditional medicine is an important source for drug discovery. However, many challenges face the scientific community to develop novel drugs from it. To investigate the rationale behind the medical legacy of centuries of precious knowledge from traditional medicine, we aimed at performing virtual screening to identify potential leads from the middle-age textbook, The Canon of Medicine. Experimental procedure A database of chemical constituents of plants mentioned within the book was built and docked against different molecular targets associated with inflammation such as phospholipase A2, p38 alpha mitogen activated protein kinase, cyclooxygenase-2 and leukotriene B4 dehydrogenase, after that literature survey was done to determine the consistency of traditional uses and molecular docking results with the current knowledge obtained from previous studies and reports. Results and conclusion The in-silico study revealed the ability of several chemical constituents, in the plants under investigation, to bind effectively to different targets associated with inflammation, which was consistent with previous reports, indicating that Islamic traditional medicine can be considered as a reliable promising source for developing new anti-inflammatory agents with low toxicity and minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Elgazar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Hamada Ramadan Knany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Soliman Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
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16
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Hennia A, Miguel MG, Nemmiche S. Antioxidant Activity of Myrtus communis L. and Myrtus nivellei Batt. & Trab. Extracts: A Brief Review. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E89. [PMID: 30103510 PMCID: PMC6165143 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myrtus communis L. (myrtle) and Myrtus nivellei Batt. & Trab. (Saharan myrtle) have been used in folk medicine for alleviating some ailments. M. communis is largely distributed in the Mediterranean Basin, whereas M. nivellei is confined in specific zones of the central Saharan mountains. The chemical composition and antioxidant activity of berry and leaf extracts isolated from myrtle are deeply documented, whereas those isolated from Saharan myrtle extracts are less studied. In both species, the major groups of constituents include gallic acid derivatives, flavonols, flavonol derivatives, and hydroxybenzoic acids. In coloured berries, anthocyanins are also present. In M. nivellei extracts are reported for some compounds not described in M. communis so far: 2-hydroxy-1,8-cineole-β-d-glucopyranoside, 2-hydroxy-1,8-cineole 2-O-α-l-arabinofuranosyl (1→6)-β-d-glucopyranoside, rugosin A, and rugosin B. Berries and leaves extracts of both species had antioxidant activity. Comparative studies of the antioxidant activity between leaf and berry myrtle extracts revealed that leaf extracts are best antioxidants, which can be assigned to the galloyl derivatives, flavonols, and flavonols derivatives, although the ratio of these groups of compounds might also have an important role in the antioxidant activity. The anthocyanins present in myrtle berries seem to possess weak antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of sample extracts depended on various factors: harvesting time, storage, extraction solvent, extraction type, and plant part used, among other factors. Leaf extracts of myrtle revealed to possess anti-inflammatory activity in several models used. This property has been attributed either to the flavonoids and/or hydrolysable tannins, nevertheless nonprenylated acylphloroglucinols (e.g., myrtucommulone and semimyrtucommulone) have also revealed a remarkable role in that activity. The biological activities of myrtle extracts found so far may direct its use towards for stabilizing complex lipid systems, as prebiotic in food formulations, and as novel therapeutic for the management of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Hennia
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Mostaganem, BP 188/227, Mostaganem 27000, Algeria.
| | - Maria Graça Miguel
- Departamento de Química e Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, MeditBio, Campus de Gambelas 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Said Nemmiche
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Mostaganem, BP 188/227, Mostaganem 27000, Algeria.
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17
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Meng Q, Li BX, Xiao X. Toward Developing Chemical Modulators of Hsp60 as Potential Therapeutics. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:35. [PMID: 29732373 PMCID: PMC5920047 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The 60 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp60) is classically known as a mitochondrial chaperonin protein working together with co-chaperonin 10 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp10). This chaperonin complex is essential for folding proteins newly imported into mitochondria. However, Hsp60, and/or Hsp10 have also been shown to reside in other subcellular compartments including extracellular space, cytosol, and nucleus. The proteins in these extra-mitochondrial compartments may possess a wide range of functions dependent or independent of its chaperoning activity. But the mechanistic details remain unknown. Mutations in Hsp60 gene have been shown to be associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Abnormality in expression level and/or subcellular localization have also been detected from different diseased tissues including inflammatory diseases and various cancers. Therefore, there is a strong interest in developing small molecule modulators of Hsp60. Most of the reported inhibitors were discovered through various chemoproteomics strategies. In this review, we will describe the recent progress in this area with reported inhibitors from both natural products and synthetic compounds. The former includes mizoribine, epolactaene, myrtucommulone, stephacidin B, and avrainvillamide while the latter includes o-carboranylphenoxyacetanilides and gold (III) porphyrins. The potencies of the known inhibitors range from low micromolar to millimolar concentrations. The potential applications of these inhibitors include anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory diseases, and anti-autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Meng
- Program in Chemical Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Bingbing X Li
- Program in Chemical Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Xiangshu Xiao
- Program in Chemical Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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18
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Koeberle A, Werz O. Natural products as inhibitors of prostaglandin E 2 and pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase-derived lipid mediator biosynthesis. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1709-1723. [PMID: 29454981 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit prostanoid formation and represent prevalent therapeutics for treatment of inflammatory disorders. However, NSAIDs are afflicted with severe side effects, which might be circumvented by more selective suppression of pro-inflammatory eicosanoid biosynthesis. This concept led to dual inhibitors of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES)-1 and 5-lipoxygenase that are crucial enzymes in the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin E2 and leukotrienes. The potential of their dual inhibition in light of superior efficacy and safety is discussed. Focus is placed on natural products, for which direct inhibition of mPGES-1 and leukotriene biosynthesis has been confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Koeberle
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany.
| | - Oliver Werz
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany.
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19
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Cheng MJ, Cao JQ, Yang XY, Zhong LP, Hu LJ, Lu X, Hou BL, Hu YJ, Wang Y, You XF, Wang L, Ye WC, Li CC. Catalytic asymmetric total syntheses of myrtucommuacetalone, myrtucommuacetalone B, and callistrilones A, C, D and E. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1488-1495. [PMID: 29629171 PMCID: PMC5875087 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04672c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe a concise catalytic approach to the first asymmetric total syntheses of myrtucommuacetalone, myrtucommuacetalone B, and callistrilones A, C, D and E. The syntheses proceed in only 5-7 steps from the readily available compound 11, without the need for protecting groups. Key features of the syntheses include a unique organocatalytic asymmetric Friedel-Crafts-type Michael addition with high enantioselectivity and a broad substrate scope, a novel Michael-ketalization-annulation cascade reaction, and an oxidative [3 + 2] cycloaddition. Furthermore, the new compound 7 exhibited potent antibacterial activities against several multidrug-resistant strains (MRSA, VISA and VRE), and showed greater potency than vancomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jing Cheng
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China . ;
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Jia-Qing Cao
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China . ;
| | - Xin-Yi Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Li-Ping Zhong
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Li-Jun Hu
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Xi Lu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Bao-Long Hou
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Ya-Jian Hu
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China . ;
| | - Xue-Fu You
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China . ;
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China . ;
| | - Chuang-Chuang Li
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
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20
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Hu LJ, Cheng MJ, Cao JQ, Zhong LP, Hu YJ, Wang Y, Wang L, Ye WC, Li CC. Asymmetric total syntheses of callistrilones B, G and J. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00130h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A highly concise approach for the first asymmetric and gram-scale total syntheses of callistrilones B, G and J is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Hu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Min-Jing Cheng
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Jia-Qing Cao
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Li-Ping Zhong
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Ya-Jian Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Pharmacy
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
- College of Pharmacy
| | - Chuang-Chuang Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
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21
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Sisay M, Gashaw T. Ethnobotanical, Ethnopharmacological, and Phytochemical Studies of Myrtus communis Linn: A Popular Herb in Unani System of Medicine. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2017; 22:1035-1043. [PMID: 28745081 PMCID: PMC5871300 DOI: 10.1177/2156587217718958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myrtus communis L (Myrtaceae) is one of the popular drugs being used in the Unani system of phytomedicine since ancient Greece period. From time immemorial, different parts of this plant and essential oil have been used for a variety of purposes such as cosmetics (hair fall control), flavoring of food and drinks as well as extensive therapeutic purposes. Ethnobotanical information revealed that M communis L has been a folkloric repute for the treatment of several diseases like gastric ulcer, diarrhea, dysentery, cancer, rheumatism, hemorrhage, deep sinuses, leucorrhoea, hemorrhoid, inflammation, dyspepsia, anxiety, insomnia, diabetes, hypertension, pulmonary disorders, and skin diseases. Moreover, ethnopharmacological studies revealed that the plant is endowed with extensive pharmacological activities, including antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, antispasmodic, vasodilator, antiulcer, antioxidant, anticancer, anxiolytic, sedative-hypnotic, and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. The plant has been known to contain phenolic acids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, and terpenes. The myrtle oil was also found to be rich in a variety of bioactive monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes with their derivatives. Most of these studies validate the aforementioned traditional claims of this medicinal plant. Further studies are needed to unravel other pharmacological activities of this plant in the long run.
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22
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Hashemi M, Ramezani V, Seyedabadi M, Ranjbar AM, Jafari H, Honarvar M, Fanaei H. Formulation and Optimization of Oral Mucoadhesive Patches of Myrtus Communis by Box Behnken Design. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:441-450. [PMID: 29071227 PMCID: PMC5651066 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common painful ulcerative disease of oral mucosa happening in ~20% of people. Aimed to develop Myrtus communis L. (Myrtle) containing oral patches, we applied box-behnken design to evaluate the effect of polymers such as Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), Gelatin, Methylcellulose (MC) and Pectin. Methods: The patches properties such as tensile strength, folding endurance, swelling index, thickness, mucoadhesive strength and the pattern of myrtle release were evaluated as dependent variables. Then, the model was adjusted according to the best fitted equation with box behnken design. Results: The results indicated that preparation of myrtle patch with hydrophilic polymers showed the disintegration time up to 24h and more. Using of polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a water soluble polymer and a pore-former polymer led to faster release of soluble materials from the patch to 29 (min-1). Also it decreases swelling index by increasing the patch disintegration. Gelatin and Pectin, with rigid matrix and water interaction properties, decreased the swelling ratio. Pectin increased the tensile strength, but gelatin produced an opposite effect. Thinner Myrtle patch (about 28µm) was obtained by formulation of methyl cellulose with equal ratio with polyvinyl pyrrolidone or gelatin. Conclusion: Altogether, the analysis showed that the optimal formulation was achieved with of 35.04 mg of Gelatin, 7.22 mg of Pectin, 7.20 mg of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 50.52 mg of methyl cellulose and 20 mg of Myrtle extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbubeh Hashemi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Vahid Ramezani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Seyedabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ali Mohamad Ranjbar
- Department of pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mina Honarvar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hamed Fanaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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23
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Mekonnen S, Tigist G. Myrtus communis Linn: A review on ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological and phytochemical studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5897/jpp2017.0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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24
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Wiechmann K, Müller H, König S, Wielsch N, Svatoš A, Jauch J, Werz O. Mitochondrial Chaperonin HSP60 Is the Apoptosis-Related Target for Myrtucommulone. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:614-623.e6. [PMID: 28457707 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The acylphloroglucinol myrtucommulone A (MC) causes mitochondrial dysfunctions by direct interference leading to apoptosis in cancer cells, but the molecular targets involved are unknown. Here, we reveal the chaperonin heat-shock protein 60 (HSP60) as a molecular target of MC that seemingly modulates HSP60-mediated mitochondrial functions. Exploiting an unbiased, discriminative protein fishing approach using MC as bait and mitochondrial lysates from leukemic HL-60 cells as target source identified HSP60 as an MC-binding protein. MC prevented HSP60-mediated reactivation of denatured malate dehydrogenase in a protein refolding assay. Interference of MC with HSP60 was accompanied by aggregation of two proteins in isolated mitochondria under heat shock that were identified as Lon protease-like protein (LONP) and leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein (LRP130). Together, our results reveal HSP60 as a direct target of MC, proposing MC as a valuable tool for studying HSP60 biology and for evaluating its value as a target in related diseases, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Wiechmann
- Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Hans Müller
- Organic Chemistry II, Saarland University, Campus C 4.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Stefanie König
- Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Natalie Wielsch
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Aleš Svatoš
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Johann Jauch
- Organic Chemistry II, Saarland University, Campus C 4.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Svouraki A, Garscha U, Kouloura E, Pace S, Pergola C, Krauth V, Rossi A, Sautebin L, Halabalaki M, Werz O, Gaboriaud-Kolar N, Skaltsounis AL. Evaluation of Dual 5-Lipoxygenase/Microsomal Prostaglandin E2 Synthase-1 Inhibitory Effect of Natural and Synthetic Acronychia-Type Isoprenylated Acetophenones. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:699-706. [PMID: 28240894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b01008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the pathways responsible for the development of inflammatory responses, the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways are among the most important ones. Two key enzymes, namely, 5-LO and mPGES-1, are involved in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes and prostaglandins, respectively, which are considered attractive therapeutic targets, so their dual inhibition might be an effective strategy to control inflammatory deregulation. Several natural products have been identified as 5-LO inhibitors, with some also being dual 5-LO/mPGES-1 inhibitors. Here, some prenylated acetophenone dimers from Acronychia pedunculata have been identified for their dual inhibitory potency toward 5-LO and mPGES-1. To gain insight into the SAR of this family of natural products, the synthesis and biological evaluation of analogues are presented. The results show the ability of the natural and synthetic molecules to potently inhibit 5-LO and mPEGS-1 in vitro. The potency of the most active compound (10) has been evaluated in vivo in an acute inflammatory mouse model and displayed potent anti-inflammatory activity comparable in potency to the drug zileuton used as a positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Svouraki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou , GR-15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University , 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Eirini Kouloura
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou , GR-15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Simona Pace
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University , 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Carlo Pergola
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University , 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Verena Krauth
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University , 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II , Naples, Italy
| | - Lidia Sautebin
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II , Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou , GR-15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Oliver Werz
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University , 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Nicolas Gaboriaud-Kolar
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou , GR-15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou , GR-15771, Athens, Greece
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Sisay M, Engidawork E, Shibeshi W. Evaluation of the antidiarrheal activity of the leaf extracts of Myrtus communis Linn (Myrtaceae) in mice model. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:103. [PMID: 28183311 PMCID: PMC5301383 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1625-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Myrtus communis L. has a folkloric repute for the management of diarrhea and dysentery in different parts of the world. However, the safety and efficacy of the leaf extract have not been scientifically validated in animal model. This study was, therefore, aimed to investigate the antidiarrheal effect of 80% methanol extract (80ME) and solvent fractions of the leaves of Myrtus communis L. in mice. Methods The antidiarrheal activity of the 80ME and solvent fractions was evaluated against castor oil induced diarrheal model, charcoal meal and enteropooling tests. For the 80%ME, the test groups received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of the extract. In case of fractions, the test groups received various doses of fractions (200, 300, 400 mg/kg and an additional dose of 800 mg/kg for the aqueous fraction (AF)), where as negative controls received the vehicle (10 ml/kg) and positive controls received loperamide (3 mg/kg). Results The 80ME at 200 mg/kg (p < 0.05) & 400 mg/kg (p < 0.01) as well as the chloroform fraction (CF) and methanol fraction (MF) at 400 mg/kg (p < 0.05) significantly delayed the onset of diarrhea. Besides, the 80ME (at all tested doses) and both of these fractions (at 300 & 400 mg/kg) significantly decreased the frequency and weight of fecal outputs. Results from the charcoal meal test revealed that the 80ME, at all doses, (p < 0.001) as well as the CF and MF at 300 mg/kg (p < 0.05) & 400 mg/kg (p < 0.001) produced a significant anti-motility effect. Similarly, in the entero-pooling test, the 80ME (at all tested doses) (p < 0.01) as well as the CF and MF (at 300 & 400 mg/kg, p < 0.05) produced a significant decline in the weight and volume of intestinal contents, whereas the AF revealed significant effect (p < 0.05) at dose of 800 mg/kg only. Conclusion The study demonstrated that the 80ME and solvent fractions contain bioactive constituents that have antidiarrheal activity. Therefore, this study provides a scientific support for the acclaimed traditional use of Myrtus communis L for the treatment of diarrheal diseases.
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Pereira-Leite C, Nunes C, Jamal SK, Cuccovia IM, Reis S. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Therapy: A Journey Toward Safety. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:802-859. [PMID: 28005273 DOI: 10.1002/med.21424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) against inflammation, pain, and fever has been supporting their worldwide use in the treatment of painful conditions and chronic inflammatory diseases until today. However, the long-term therapy with NSAIDs was soon associated with high incidences of adverse events in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the search for novel drugs with improved safety has begun with COX-2 selective inhibitors (coxibs) being straightaway developed and commercialized. Nevertheless, the excitement has fast turned to disappointment when diverse coxibs were withdrawn from the market due to cardiovascular toxicity. Such events have once again triggered the emergence of different strategies to overcome NSAIDs toxicity. Here, an integrative review is provided to address the breakthroughs of two main approaches: (i) the association of NSAIDs with protective mediators and (ii) the design of novel compounds to target downstream and/or multiple enzymes of the arachidonic acid cascade. To date, just one phosphatidylcholine-associated NSAID has already been approved for commercialization. Nevertheless, the preclinical and clinical data obtained so far indicate that both strategies may improve the safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Pereira-Leite
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sarah K Jamal
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Iolanda M Cuccovia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Salette Reis
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Hajiaghaee R, Faizi M, Shahmohammadi Z, Abdollahnejad F, Naghdibadi H, Najafi F, Razmi A. Hydroalcoholic extract of Myrtus communis can alter anxiety and sleep parameters: a behavioural and EEG sleep pattern study in mice and rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2141-2148. [PMID: 27022667 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1148175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae), myrtle, is an evergreen shrub with strong antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities. Also, it is used as a sedative-hypnotic plant in Iranian traditional medicine. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the effect of 80% ethanolic extract of M. communis leaves on sleep and anxiety in mice and rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male NMRI mice were subjected to open field, righting reflex, grip strength and pentylentetrazole-induced seizure tests. Male Wistar rats were used to evaluate the alterations in rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep. They were treated with 25-400 mg/kg doses of the extract intraperitoneally. RESULTS The applied doses (50-200 mg/kg) of M. communis extract increased vertical (ED50 = 40.2 ± 6.6 mg/kg) and vertical and horizontal activity (ED50 = 251 ± 55 mg/kg), while treatment with 200 and 400 mg/kg attenuated muscle tone significantly compared to vehicle treated animals (p < 0.001 for all) in a dose-independent manner. Also, a significant hypnotic and not anticonvulsant effect was observed when animals were treated with 200 mg/kg of the extract (p < 0.01). In this regard, electroencephalography results showed that REM sleep time was decreased (2.4 ± 0.5%), while total and NREM sleep times were increased significantly compared to the control group of mice (82.5 ± 7.6%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The data show the anxiolytic and muscle relaxant effect of the extract without anticonvulsant activities. The anxiolytic, myorelaxant and hypnotic effects without effect on seizure threshold are in line with the effect of a alpha 2 GABA receptor agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Hajiaghaee
- a Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR , Karaj , Iran
| | - Mehrdad Faizi
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Zahra Shahmohammadi
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abdollahnejad
- c School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hasanali Naghdibadi
- a Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR , Karaj , Iran
| | - Foroogh Najafi
- d Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering , Shahed University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Ali Razmi
- a Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR , Karaj , Iran
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Liu C, Ang S, Huang XJ, Tian HY, Deng YY, Zhang DM, Wang Y, Ye WC, Wang L. Meroterpenoids with New Skeletons from Myrtus communis and Structure Revision of Myrtucommulone K. Org Lett 2016; 18:4004-7. [PMID: 27471772 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Five sesquiterpene-based meroterpenoids with three kinds of new skeletons [1, 2, 3, (+)-4, and (-)-4] were isolated from the leaves of Myrtus communis. Compound 1 featured a new carbon skeleton with an unprecedented octahydrospiro[bicyclo[7.2.0]undecane-2,2'-chromene] tetracyclic ring system, which possessed two preferred conformations detected by variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy experiments. In addition, the structure of reported myrtucommulone K was revised to be compound 3. The plausible biosynthetic pathways of these meroterpenoids and their cytotoxicities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and ‡JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Ang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and ‡JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and ‡JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Tian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and ‡JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Deng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and ‡JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Mei Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and ‡JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and ‡JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and ‡JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and ‡JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience & Innovative Drug Research, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
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Venkateshbabu N, Anand S, Abarajithan M, Sheriff SO, Jacob PS, Sonia N. Natural Therapeutic Options in Endodontics - A Review. Open Dent J 2016; 10:214-26. [PMID: 27386007 PMCID: PMC4911752 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Complete eradication of microbial biofilms and elimination of the smear layer are the key factors during endodontic treatment. Various chemical irrigants have been proposed in the literature for the same. The major setback with these chemical irrigants is that they are not bio-friendly to the dental and peri-radicular tissues. In the recent years, research to use natural products for root canal disinfection has gained importance. The aim of this article is to compile various herbal products that have been used as an irrigants and intracanal medicaments in the field of Endodontics to eradicate the biofilm and remove smear layer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suresh Anand
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Penang International Dental College, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Sultan O Sheriff
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pulikkotil S Jacob
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nath Sonia
- Department of Periodontology, Vananchal Dental College, Garhwa, India
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Fadda A, Palma A, D'Aquino S, Mulas M. Effects of Myrtle (Myrtus communisL.) Fruit Cold Storage Under Modified Atmosphere on Liqueur Quality. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Fadda
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production; National Research Council; Sassari Italy
| | - Amedeo Palma
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production; National Research Council; Sassari Italy
| | - Salvatore D'Aquino
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production; National Research Council; Sassari Italy
| | - Maurizio Mulas
- Department of the Nature and Land Sciences; University of Sassari; Italy
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Hans M, Charpentier M, Huch V, Jauch J, Bruhn T, Bringmann G, Quandt D. Stereoisomeric Composition of Natural Myrtucommulone A. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2381-2389. [PMID: 26457652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Myrtucommulone A (MC A) (1), isolated from Myrtus communis (myrtle), shows the same pharmacological activity for inhibition of inflammation and induction of apoptosis as synthetic MC A, which consists of three stereoisomers, i.e., two enantiomers and one meso form. This led to the question of whether the natural MC A is a pure stereoisomer or a mixture of stereoisomers. The specific rotation and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data of natural MC A (1) as well as of a pentacyclic derivative 4 revealed that naturally occurring MC A (1) consists of the racemate and the meso form in a 1:1 ratio. A probable precursor of MC A (1), nor-semimyrtucommulone (5), was also isolated from myrtle as a racemate. The absolute configurations of the enantiomers of 1 and 5 were determined using a combination of experimental and quantum-chemical calculated ECD spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Hans
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University , Campus C 4.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Maël Charpentier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University , Campus C 4.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Volker Huch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University , Campus C 4.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Johann Jauch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University , Campus C 4.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Torsten Bruhn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Quandt
- Nees-Institute for Biodiversity of Plants, University of Bonn , Meckenheimer Allee 170, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Popoola OK, Marnewick JL, Rautenbach F, Iwuoha EI, Hussein AA. Acylphloroglucinol Derivatives from the South African Helichrysum niveum and Their Biological Activities. Molecules 2015; 20:17309-24. [PMID: 26393563 PMCID: PMC6332446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200917309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of aerial parts of Helichrysum niveum (H. niveum) using different chromatographic methods including semi-preparative HPLC afforded three new (1–3) and six known (4–10) acylphloroglucinols alongside a known dialcohol triterpene (11). The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized accordingly as 1-benzoyl-3 (3-methylbut-2-enylacetate)-phloroglucinol (helinivene A, 1), 1-benzoyl-3 (2S-hydroxyl-3-methylbut-3-enyl)-phloroglucinol (helinivene B, 2), 8-(2-methylpropanone)-3S,5,7-trihydroxyl-2,2-dimethoxychromane (helinivene C, 3), 1-(2-methylbutanone)-4-O-prenyl-phloroglucinol (4), 1-(2-methylpropanone)-4-O-prennyl-phloroglucinol (5), 1-(butanone)-3-prenyl-phloroglucinol (6), 1-(2-methylbutanone)-3-prenyl-phloroglucinol (7), 1-butanone-3-(3-methylbut-2-enylacetate)-phloroglucinol (8), 1-(2-methylpropanone)-3-prenylphloroglucinol (9), caespitate (10), and 3β-24-dihydroxyterexer-14-ene (11). Excellent total antioxidant capacities were demonstrated by helinivenes A and B (1 and 2) when measured as oxygen radicals absorbance capacity (ORAC), ferric-ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), trolox equivalent absorbance capacity (TEAC) and including the inhibition of Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation (IC50 = 5.12 ± 0.90; 3.55 ± 1.92) µg/mL, while anti-tyrosinase activity at IC50 = 35.63 ± 4.67 and 26.72 ± 5.05 µg/mL were also observed for 1 and 2, respectively. This is the first chemical and in vitro biological study on H. niveum. These findings underpin new perspectives for the exploitation of these natural phenolic compounds in applications such as in the natural cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olugbenga K Popoola
- Chemistry Department, University of Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Jeanine L Marnewick
- Oxidative Stress Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. BOX 1906, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Fanie Rautenbach
- Oxidative Stress Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. BOX 1906, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Emmanuel I Iwuoha
- Chemistry Department, University of Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Ahmed A Hussein
- Chemistry Department, University of Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
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Wiechmann K, Müller H, Huch V, Hartmann D, Werz O, Jauch J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel myrtucommulones and structural analogues that target mPGES-1 and 5-lipoxygenase. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 101:133-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Usai M, Mulas M, Marchetti M. Chemical composition of essential oils of leaves and flowers from five cultivars of myrtle (Myrtus communisL.). JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2015.1065773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Mobli M, Qaraaty M, Amin G, Haririan I, Hajimahmoodi M, Rahimi R. Scientific evaluation of medicinal plants used for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding by Avicenna. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 292:21-35. [PMID: 25637505 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the prevalent gynecological disorders that cause considerable morbidity and management of that plays an important role in protecting women's health. This review focuses on medicinal plants mentioned by Avicenna, a great Iranian philosopher and physician (A.D. 980-1037), in his book Canon for treatment of AUB. METHODS Medicinal plants mentioned in Canon for treatment of AUB were elicited and searched in electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Cochrane library to find studies that confirmed their efficacy. Data were collected for the years 1980-2014. RESULTS The findings included 23 plants belonging to 18 families. Scientific findings have revealed that these plants control AUB through four mechanisms of action including inhibition of inflammatory process, inhibition of prostaglandins production, antiproliferative activity on human cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and estrogenic activity. All of the plants exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and/or in vivo. Cuscuta chinensis and Portulaca oleracea exhibited estrogenic activity. Boswellia carteri, Lens culinaris, Myrtus communis, Polygonum aviculare, Pistacia lentiscus, and Punica granatum have revealed inhibitory activity on biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Some of the mentioned plants including: Ceratonia siliqua, Cuscuta chinensis, Cuscuta epithymum, Cydonia oblonga, Paeonia sp., Portulaca oleracea, Solanum nigrum, Rumex acetosa and Onopordum acanthium have shown antiproliferative activity on HeLa cells. CONCLUSION Investigation of traditional Iranian medicine literatures can lead to the identification of effective natural medicines for the management of AUB; however, conclusive confirmation of the efficacy and safety of these treatments needs more evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Mobli
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417653761, Tehran, Iran
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Farzaei MH, Farzaei F, Gooshe M, Abbasabadi Z, Rezaei N, Abdolghaffari AH. Potentially effective natural drugs in treatment for the most common rheumatic disorder: osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Int 2014; 35:799-814. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-014-3175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ogur R. Studies with Myrtus communis L.: Anticancer properties. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2014; 3:135-7. [PMID: 26401362 PMCID: PMC4576805 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20140803044831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Myrtus communis (MC) L. is a well-known Mediterranean plant with important cultural significance in this region. In ancient times, MC was accepted as a symbol of immortality. Maybe due to this belief, it is used during cemetery visits in some regions. Although it is a well-known plant in cosmetics, and there is a lot of studies about its different medical properties, anticancer studies performed using its different extracts or oils are not so much, but increasing. We collected these anticancer property-related studies in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recai Ogur
- Department of Public Health, Gulhane Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
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Aleksic V, Knezevic P. Antimicrobial and antioxidative activity of extracts and essential oils of Myrtus communis L. Microbiol Res 2014; 169:240-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Alipour G, Dashti S, Hosseinzadeh H. Review of pharmacological effects of Myrtus communis L. and its active constituents. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1125-36. [PMID: 24497171 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Myrtle (Myrtus communis L., Myrtaceae) is a medicinal herb used worldwide in traditional medicine. A large number of components have been isolated from this herb. Polyphenols, myrtucommulone (MC), semimyrtucommulone (S-MC), 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, myrtenyl acetate, limonene, linalool and α-terpinolene are among the compounds considered to be the main biologically active components. Various parts of this herb such as its berries, leaves and fruits have been used extensively as a folk medicine for several centuries. The herb is used traditionally for the treatment of disorders such as diarrhea, peptic ulcer, hemorrhoid, inflammation, pulmonary and skin diseases, although clinical and experimental studies suggest that it possesses a broader spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic effects such as antioxidative, anticancer, anti-diabetic, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective activity. The present review attempts to give an overview on the phytochemical, pharmacological, toxicological and clinical studies of total extracts and the most relevant active ingredients of M. communis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Alipour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R., Iran
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Nicoletti R, Ferranti P, Caira S, Misso G, Castellano M, Di Lorenzo G, Caraglia M. Myrtucommulone production by a strain of Neofusicoccum australe endophytic in myrtle (Myrtus communis). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 30:1047-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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KOEBERLE ANDREAS, WERZ OLIVER. Microsomal Prostaglandin E2 Synthase-1. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG DISCOVERY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735346-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The prostanoids and leukotrienes (LTs) formed from arachidonic acid (AA) via the cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/2 and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway, respectively, mediate inflammatory responses, chronic tissue remodelling, cancer, asthma and autoimmune disorders, but also possess homeostatic functions in the gastrointestinal tract, uterus, brain, kidney, vasculature and host defence. Based on the manifold functions of these eicosanoids, the clinical use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a class of drugs that block formation of all prostanoids, is hampered by severe side-effects including gastrointestinal injury, renal irritations and cardiovascular risks. Therefore, anti-inflammatory agents interfering with eicosanoid biosynthesis require a well-balanced pharmacological profile to minimize these on-target side-effects. Current anti-inflammatory research aims at identifying compounds that can suppress the massive formation of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin (PG)E2 without affecting homeostatic PGE2 and PGI2 synthesis. The inducible microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is one promising target enzyme. We will give an overview about the structure, regulation and function of mPGES-1 and then present novel inhibitors of mPGES-1 that may possess a promising pharmacological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- ANDREAS KOEBERLE
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy University Jena Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena Germany
| | - OLIVER WERZ
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy University Jena Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena Germany
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Cottiglia F, Casu L, Leonti M, Caboni P, Floris C, Busonera B, Farci P, Ouhtit A, Sanna G. Cytotoxic phloroglucinols from the leaves of Myrtus communis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:225-229. [PMID: 22276775 DOI: 10.1021/np2009219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bioactivity-guided fractionation of a dichloromethane extract of the leaves of Myrtus communis led to the isolation of phloroglucinol derivatives. The structures of the new myrtucommulones J, K, and L (1-3) and the previously known myrtucommulone A (4) were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments as well as high-resolutionmass spectrometry. Myrtucommulone J was obtained as a tautomeric pair (1/1a). The compounds were tested in vitro for their cytotoxic and antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cottiglia
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
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Arzanol, a prenylated heterodimeric phloroglucinyl pyrone, inhibits eicosanoid biosynthesis and exhibits anti-inflammatory efficacy in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 81:259-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Müller H, Paul M, Hartmann D, Huch V, Blaesius D, Koeberle A, Werz O, Jauch J. Totalsynthese von Myrtucommulon A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Müller H, Paul M, Hartmann D, Huch V, Blaesius D, Koeberle A, Werz O, Jauch J. Total Synthesis of Myrtucommulone A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:2045-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Koeberle A, Pollastro F, Northoff H, Werz O. Myrtucommulone, a natural acylphloroglucinol, inhibits microsomal prostaglandin E(2) synthase-1. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 156:952-61. [PMID: 19298395 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The selective inhibition of prostaglandin (PG)E(2) formation via interference with microsomal PGE(2) synthase (mPGES)-1 could have advantages in the treatment of PGE(2)-associated diseases, such as inflammation, fever and pain, compared with a general suppression of all PG biosynthesis, provided by inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and 2. Here, we addressed whether the naturally occurring acylphloroglucinol myrtucommulone (MC) from Myrtus communis L. (myrtle) affected mPGES-1. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effect of MC on PGE(2) formation was investigated in a cell-free assay by using microsomal preparations of interleukin-1beta-stimulated A549 cells as the source of mPGES-1, in intact A549 cells, and in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human whole blood. Inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 activity in cellular and cell-free assays was assessed by measuring 12(S)-hydroxy-5-cis-8,10-trans-heptadecatrienoic acid and 6-oxo PGF(1alpha) formation. KEY RESULTS MC concentration-dependently inhibited cell-free mPGES-1-mediated conversion of PGH(2) to PGE(2) (IC(50) = 1 micromol x L(-1)). PGE(2) formation was also diminished in intact A549 cells as well as in human whole blood at low micromolar concentrations. Neither COX-2 activity in A549 cells nor isolated human recombinant COX-2 was significantly affected by MC up to 30 micromol x L(-1), and only moderate inhibition of cellular or cell-free COX-1 was evident (IC(50) > 15 micromol x L(-1)). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS MC is the first natural product to inhibit mPGES-1 that efficiently suppresses PGE(2) formation without significant inhibition of the COX enzymes. This provides an interesting pharmacological profile suitable for interventions in inflammatory disorders, without the typical side effects of coxibs and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koeberle
- Department for Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tuebingen, Germany
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Babaee N, Mansourian A, Momen-Heravi F, Moghadamnia A, Momen-Beitollahi J. The efficacy of a paste containing Myrtus communis (Myrtle) in the management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Investig 2009; 14:65-70. [PMID: 19306024 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-009-0267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Revised: 03/05/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common, painful, and ulcerative disorder of the oral cavity with unknown etiology. Treatment is a highly controversial topic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a novel paste containing Myrtus communis (Myrtle) in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Myrtle is a particular herb used in some cultures as treatment for mouth ulcers. The study was a randomized, double-blind, controlled before-after clinical trial. Forty-five patients with RAS randomly participated in this study. The subjects were treated with placebo paste and myrtle oral paste in two consecutive episodes. The paste was applied by subjects themselves four times a day for 6 days. Five parameters (size change, pain scale, erythema and exudation level, oral health impact profile, and patient overall assessment of their treatment) were recorded both before (baseline) and during each episodes of treatment (on the morning of days 2, 4, and 6). There were no statistically significant differences between baseline parameters (p > 0.05). The data indicated a statistically significant reduction of ulcer size (p < 0.001), pain severity (p < 0.05), and erythema and exudation level (p < 0.001). Oral Health Impact Profile improved significantly in the treatment group (p < 0.001). Patient overall assessment of their treatment improved after applying paste containing myrtle (p < 0.05). No side effects were reported. This study has shown myrtle to be effective in decreasing the size of ulcers, pain severity and the level of erythema and exudation, and improving the quality of life in patients who suffer from RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Babaee
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Turhan S, Sagir I, Temiz H. Oxidative stability of brined anchovies(Engraulis encrasicholus)with plant extracts. Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2008.01777.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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