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Boskabadi SJ, Heydari F, Mohammadnejad F, Gholipour Baradari A, Moosazadeh M, Dashti A. Effect of erythropoietin on SOFA score, Glasgow Coma Scale and mortality in traumatic brain injury patients: a randomized-double-blind controlled trial. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:3990-3997. [PMID: 38989196 PMCID: PMC11230820 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies suggest that erythropoietin has an anti-inflammatory effect on the central nervous system. The authors aimed to investigate the effect of erythropoietin on Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, and the mortality rate of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Methods Sixty-eight patients with available inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to the control or intervention groups. In the intervention group, erythropoietin (4000 units) was administrated on days 1, 3, and 5. In the control group, normal saline on the same days was used. The primary outcomes were the GCS and SOFA score changes during the intervention. The secondary outcomes were the ventilation period during the first 2 weeks and the 3-month mortality rate. Results Erythropoietin administration significantly affected SOFA score over time (P=0.008), but no significant effect on the GCS, and duration of ventilation between the two groups was observed. Finally, erythropoietin had no significant effect on the three-month mortality (23.5% vs. 38.2% in the erythropoietin and control group, respectively). However, the mortality rate in the intervention group was lower than in the control group. Conclusion Our finding showed that erythropoietin administration in TBI may improve SOFA score. Therefore, erythropoietin may have beneficial effects on early morbidity and clinical improvement in TBI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Heydari
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Sari Imam Khomeini Hospital
| | | | | | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ayat Dashti
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy
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Thomas M, Hayes K, White P, Baumer T, Beattie C, Ramesh A, Culliford L, Ackland GL, Pickering AE. Early Intravenous Beta-Blockade with Esmolol in Adults with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Phase 2a Intervention Design Study. Neurocrit Care 2024:10.1007/s12028-024-02029-8. [PMID: 38951446 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-024-02029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted beta-blockade after severe traumatic brain injury may reduce secondary brain injury by attenuating the sympathoadrenal response. The potential role and optimal dosage for esmolol, a selective, short-acting, titratable beta-1 beta-blocker, as a safe, putative early therapy after major traumatic brain injury has not been assessed. METHODS We conducted a single-center, open-label dose-finding study using an adaptive model-based design. Adults (18 years or older) with severe traumatic brain injury and intracranial pressure monitoring received esmolol within 24 h of injury to reduce their heart rate by 15% from baseline of the preceding 4 h while ensuring cerebral perfusion pressure was maintained above 60 mm Hg. In cohorts of three, the starting dosage and dosage increments were escalated according to a prespecified plan in the absence of dose-limiting toxicity. Dose-limiting toxicity was defined as failure to maintain cerebral perfusion pressure, triggering cessation of esmolol infusion. The primary outcome was the maximum tolerated dosage schedule of esmolol, defined as that associated with less than 10% probability of dose-limiting toxicity. Secondary outcomes include 6-month mortality and 6-month extended Glasgow Outcome Scale score. RESULTS Sixteen patients (6 [37.5%] female patients; mean age 36 years [standard deviation 13 years]) with a median Glasgow Coma Scale score of 6.5 (interquartile range 5-7) received esmolol. The optimal starting dosage of esmolol was 10 μg/kg/min, with increments every 30 min of 5 μg/kg/min, as it was the highest dosage with less than 10% estimated probability of dose-limiting toxicity (7%). All-cause mortality was 12.5% at 6 months (corresponding to a standardized mortality ratio of 0.63). One dose-limiting toxicity event and no serious adverse hemodynamic effects were seen. CONCLUSIONS Esmolol administration, titrated to a heart rate reduction of 15%, is feasible within 24 h of severe traumatic brain injury. The probability of dose-limiting toxicity requiring withdrawal of esmolol when using the optimized schedule is low. Trial registrationI SRCTN, ISRCTN11038397, registered retrospectively January 7, 2021 ( https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11038397 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Thomas
- Intensive Care Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
| | - Kati Hayes
- Research and Development, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul White
- School of Data Science and Mathematics, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Clodagh Beattie
- Research and Development, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Aravind Ramesh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucy Culliford
- Bristol Medical School (PHS), Bristol Trials Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gareth L Ackland
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Anthony E Pickering
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Kantati YT, Kodjo MK, Lefranc B, Basille-Dugay M, Hupin S, Schmitz I, Leprince J, Gbeassor M, Vaudry D. Neuroprotective Effect of Sterculia setigera Leaves Hydroethanolic Extract. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:44. [PMID: 38630337 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Plants are a valuable source of information for pharmacological research and new drug discovery. The present study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of the leaves of the medicinal plant Sterculia setigera. In vitro, the effect of Sterculia setigera leaves dry hydroethanolic extract (SSE) was tested on cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGN) survival when exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), using the viability probe fluorescein diacetate (FDA), a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay, an immunocytochemical staining against Gap 43, and the quantification of the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, necrosis, or oxidative stress. In vivo, the effect of intraperitoneal (ip) injection of SSE was assessed on the developing brain of 8-day-old Wistar rats exposed to ethanol neurotoxicity by measuring caspase-3 activity on cerebellum homogenates, the expression of some genes in tissue extracts, the thickness of cerebellar cortical layers and motor coordination. In vitro, SSE protected CGN against H2O2 and 6-OHDA-induced cell death at a dose of 10 µg/mL, inhibited the expression of genes Casp3 and Bad, and upregulated the expression of Cat and Gpx7. In vivo, SSE significantly blocked the deleterious effect of ethanol by reducing the activity of caspase-3, inhibiting the expression of Bax and Tp53, preventing the reduction of the thickness of the internal granule cell layer of the cerebellar cortex, and restoring motor functions. Sterculia setigera exerts neuroactive functions as claimed by traditional medicine and should be a good candidate for the development of a neuroprotective treatment against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yendubé T Kantati
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, NorDiC UMR 1239, 76000, Inserm, Rouen, France
- Laboratory of Physiology/Pharmacology, Physiopathology Bioactive Substances and Innocuity Research Unit (PBSI), Faculty of Sciences, of Lomé, Lomé, Togo, 01BP 1515
| | - Magloire K Kodjo
- Laboratory of Physiology/Pharmacology, Physiopathology Bioactive Substances and Innocuity Research Unit (PBSI), Faculty of Sciences, of Lomé, Lomé, Togo, 01BP 1515
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, NorDiC UMR 1239, 76000, Inserm, Rouen, France
- Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, HeRacLeS US 51 UAR 2026, 76000, Inserm, Rouen, France
| | - Magali Basille-Dugay
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, NorDiC UMR 1239, 76000, Inserm, Rouen, France
| | - Sébastien Hupin
- UMR 6014, Normandie Université, COBRA, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen-Normandie, CNRS, IRCOF, 3038, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, FR, France
| | - Isabelle Schmitz
- UMR 6014, Normandie Université, COBRA, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen-Normandie, CNRS, IRCOF, 3038, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, FR, France
- UMR 6270, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, NorDiC UMR 1239, 76000, Inserm, Rouen, France
- Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, HeRacLeS US 51 UAR 2026, 76000, Inserm, Rouen, France
| | - Messanvi Gbeassor
- Laboratory of Physiology/Pharmacology, Physiopathology Bioactive Substances and Innocuity Research Unit (PBSI), Faculty of Sciences, of Lomé, Lomé, Togo, 01BP 1515
| | - David Vaudry
- Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, HeRacLeS US 51 UAR 2026, 76000, Inserm, Rouen, France.
- UMR 1245, Laboratory of Cancer and Brain Genomics, Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, 76000, Inserm, Rouen, France.
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Thomas M, Hayes K, White P, Ramesh A, Culliford L, Ackland G, Pickering A. Early Intravenous Beta-Blockade with Esmolol in Adults with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (EBB-TBI): Protocol for a Phase 2a Intervention Design Study. Neurocrit Care 2024; 40:795-806. [PMID: 37308729 PMCID: PMC10959800 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-023-01755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Interventions that mitigate secondary brain injury have the potential to improve outcomes for patients and reduce the impact on communities and society. Increased circulating catecholamines are associated with worse outcomes and there are supportive animal data and indications in human studies of benefit from beta-blockade after severe traumatic brain injury. Here, we present the protocol for a dose-finding study using esmolol in adults commenced within 24 h of severe traumatic brain injury. Esmolol has practical advantages and theoretical benefits as a neuroprotective agent in this setting, but these must be balanced against the known risk of secondary injury from hypotension. The aim of this study is to determine a dose schedule for esmolol, using the continual reassessment method, that combines a clinically significant reduction in heart rate as a surrogate for catecholamine drive with maintenance of cerebral perfusion pressure. The maximum tolerated dosing schedule for esmolol can then be tested for patient benefit in subsequent randomized controlled trials.Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN11038397, registered retrospectively 07/01/2021 https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11038397.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Thomas
- Intensive Care Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
| | - Kati Hayes
- Intensive Care Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul White
- School of Data Science and Mathematics, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Aravind Ramesh
- GW4 Clinical Academic Training Programme for Health Professionals, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucy Culliford
- Bristol Trials Centre, Bristol Medical School (PHS), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gareth Ackland
- Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Anthony Pickering
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Hiskens MI, Mengistu TS, Hovinga B, Thornton N, Smith KB, Mitchell G. Epidemiology and management of traumatic brain injury in a regional Queensland Emergency Department. Australas Emerg Care 2023; 26:314-320. [PMID: 37076417 DOI: 10.1016/j.auec.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) data in Australia in the regional and rural context. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology, severity, causes, and management of TBI in a regional north Queensland population to plan acute care, follow up, and prevention strategies. METHODS This retrospective study analysed TBI patients presenting to Mackay Base Hospital Emergency Department (ED) in 2021. We identified patients using head injury SNOMED codes, and analysed patient characteristics with descriptive and multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS There were 1120 head injury presentations, with an overall incidence of 909 per 100,000 people per year. The median (IQR) age was 18 (6-46) years. Falls were the most common injury mechanism (52.4% of presentations). 41.1% of patients had a Computed Tomography (CT) scan, while 16.5% of patients who met criteria had post traumatic amnesia (PTA) testing. Age, being male and Indigenous status were associated with higher odds of moderate to severe TBI. CONCLUSION TBI incidence in this regional population was higher than metropolitan locations. CT scan was undertaken less frequently than in comparative literature, and low rates of PTA testing were undertaken. These data provide insight to assist in planning prevention and TBI-care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew I Hiskens
- Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation (MIRI), Mackay Hospital and Health Service, Mackay, QLD 4740, Australia.
| | - Tesfaye S Mengistu
- Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation (MIRI), Mackay Hospital and Health Service, Mackay, QLD 4740, Australia; University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Bauke Hovinga
- Emergency Department, Mackay Hospital and Health Service, Mackay, QLD 4740, Australia
| | - Neale Thornton
- Emergency Department, Mackay Hospital and Health Service, Mackay, QLD 4740, Australia
| | - Karen B Smith
- Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation (MIRI), Mackay Hospital and Health Service, Mackay, QLD 4740, Australia
| | - Gary Mitchell
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Emergency and Trauma Centre, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
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6
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Hiskens MI, Li KM, Schneiders AG, Fenning AS. Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury-induced neurodegeneration and inflammation is attenuated by acetyl-L-carnitine in a preclinical model. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1254382. [PMID: 37745053 PMCID: PMC10514484 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1254382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (rmTBI) may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases through secondary injury pathways. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) shows neuroprotection through anti-inflammatory effects and via regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity by counteracting post-trauma excitotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate mechanisms implicated in the etiology of neurodegeneration in rmTBI mice treated with ALC. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were allocated to sham, rmTBI or ALC + rmTBI groups. 15 rmTBIs were administered across 23 days using a modified weight drop model. Neurological testing and spatial learning and memory assessments via the Morris Water Maze (MWM) were undertaken at 48 h and 3 months. RT-PCR analysis of the cortex and hippocampus was undertaken for MAPT, GFAP, AIF1, GRIA, CCL11, TDP43, and TNF genes. Gene expression in the cortex showed elevated mRNA levels of MAPT, TNF, and GFAP in the rmTBI group that were reduced by ALC treatment. In the hippocampus, mRNA expression was elevated for GRIA1 in the rmTBI group but not the ALC + rmTBI treatment group. ALC treatment showed protective effects against the deficits displayed in neurological testing and MWM assessment observed in the rmTBI group. While brain structures display differential vulnerability to insult as evidenced by location specific postimpact disruption of key genes, this study shows correlative mRNA neurodegeneration and functional impairment that was ameliorated by ALC treatment in several key genes. ALC may mitigate damage inflicted in the various secondary neurodegenerative cascades and contribute to functional protection following rmTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew I. Hiskens
- Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation, Mackay Hospital and Health Service, Mackay, QLD, Australia
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Katy M. Li
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Anthony G. Schneiders
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew S. Fenning
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
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Liao L, Tang Y, Li B, Tang J, Xu H, Zhao K, Zhang X. Stachydrine, a potential drug for the treatment of cardiovascular system and central nervous system diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114489. [PMID: 36940619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally and poses at significant challenge in terms of effective medical treatment. Leonurus japonicus Houtt, a traditional Chinese herb, is widely used in China for the treatment of obstetrical and gynecological disorders, including menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, blood stasis, postpartum bleeding, and blood-related diseases such as CVD. Stachydrine, the main alkaloid component of Leonurus, has been shown to exhibit a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-coagulant, anti-apoptotic, vasodilator, angiogenic promoter. Additionally, it has been demonstrated to have unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of CVD through regulation of various disease-related signaling pathways and molecular targets. In this comprehensive review, we examine the latest pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of Stachydrine in treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Our aim is to solid scientific basis for the development of new CVD drug formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liao
- Yibin Second People's Hospital - Yibin Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China.
| | - Yan Tang
- Yibin Second People's Hospital - Yibin Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Bo Li
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Pidu District People's Hospital, Chengdu 611700, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Yibin Second People's Hospital - Yibin Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Hone Xu
- Yibin Second People's Hospital - Yibin Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Yibin Second People's Hospital - Yibin Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Yibin Second People's Hospital - Yibin Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China.
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8
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Herrero Babiloni A, Baril AA, Charlebois-Plante C, Jodoin M, Sanchez E, De Baets L, Arbour C, Lavigne GJ, Gosselin N, De Beaumont L. The Putative Role of Neuroinflammation in the Interaction between Traumatic Brain Injuries, Sleep, Pain and Other Neuropsychiatric Outcomes: A State-of-the-Art Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051793. [PMID: 36902580 PMCID: PMC10002551 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are widely prevalent following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have the potential to contribute to numerous post-traumatic physiological, psychological, and cognitive difficulties developing chronically, including chronic pain. An important pathophysiological mechanism involved in the recovery of TBI is neuroinflammation, which leads to many downstream consequences. While neuroinflammation is a process that can be both beneficial and detrimental to individuals' recovery after sustaining a TBI, recent evidence suggests that neuroinflammation may worsen outcomes in traumatically injured patients, as well as exacerbate the deleterious consequences of sleep disturbances. Additionally, a bidirectional relationship between neuroinflammation and sleep has been described, where neuroinflammation plays a role in sleep regulation and, in turn, poor sleep promotes neuroinflammation. Given the complexity of this interplay, this review aims to clarify the role of neuroinflammation in the relationship between sleep and TBI, with an emphasis on long-term outcomes such as pain, mood disorders, cognitive dysfunctions, and elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia. In addition, some management strategies and novel treatment targeting sleep and neuroinflammation will be discussed in order to establish an effective approach to mitigate long-term outcomes after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Herrero Babiloni
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrée-Ann Baril
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | | | - Marianne Jodoin
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Erlan Sanchez
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Liesbet De Baets
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Caroline Arbour
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Gilles J. Lavigne
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Nadia Gosselin
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
| | - Louis De Beaumont
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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9
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Aychman MM, Goldman DL, Kaplan JS. Cannabidiol's neuroprotective properties and potential treatment of traumatic brain injuries. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1087011. [PMID: 36816569 PMCID: PMC9932048 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1087011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) has numerous pharmacological targets that initiate anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiepileptic properties. These neuroprotective benefits have generated interest in CBD's therapeutic potential against the secondary injury cascade from traumatic brain injury (TBI). There are currently no effective broad treatment strategies for combating the damaging mechanisms that follow the primary injury and lead to lasting neurological consequences or death. However, CBD's effects on different neurotransmitter systems, the blood brain barrier, oxidative stress mechanisms, and the inflammatory response provides mechanistic support for CBD's clinical utility in TBI. This review describes the cascades of damage caused by TBI and CBD's neuroprotective mechanisms to counter them. We also present challenges in the clinical treatment of TBI and discuss important future clinical research directions for integrating CBD in treatment protocols. The mechanistic evidence provided by pre-clinical research shows great potential for CBD as a much-needed improvement in the clinical treatment of TBI. Upcoming clinical trials sponsored by major professional sport leagues are the first attempts to test the efficacy of CBD in head injury treatment protocols and highlight the need for further clinical research.
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10
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Dutysheva EA, Mikhaylova ER, Trestsova MA, Andreev AI, Apushkin DY, Utepova IA, Serebrennikova PO, Akhremenko EA, Aksenov ND, Bon’ EI, Zimatkin SM, Chupakhin ON, Margulis BA, Guzhova IV, Lazarev VF. Combination of a Chaperone Synthesis Inducer and an Inhibitor of GAPDH Aggregation for Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010007. [PMID: 36678636 PMCID: PMC9867013 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The recovery period after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often complicated by secondary damage that may last for days or even months after trauma. Two proteins, Hsp70 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), were recently described as modulating post-traumatic processes, and in this study, we test them as targets for combination therapy using an inhibitor of GAPDH aggregation (derivative of hydrocortisone RX624) and an inducer of Hsp70 synthesis (the pyrrolylazine derivative PQ-29). The protective effect of the combination on C6 rat glioblastoma cells treated with the cerebrospinal fluid of traumatized animals resulted in an increase in the cell index and in a reduced level of apoptosis. Using a rat weight drop model of TBI, we found that the combined use of both drugs prevented memory impairment and motor deficits, as well as a reduction of neurons and accumulation of GAPDH aggregates in brain tissue. In conclusion, we developed and tested a new approach to the treatment of TBI based on influencing distinct molecular mechanisms in brain cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena R. Mikhaylova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria A. Trestsova
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alexander I. Andreev
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
- Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Danila Yu. Apushkin
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
- Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Irina A. Utepova
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, The Russian Academy of Sciences, 620108 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Polina O. Serebrennikova
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | | | - Nikolay D. Aksenov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elizaveta I. Bon’
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Grodno State Medical University, 230009 Grodno, Belarus
| | - Sergey M. Zimatkin
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Grodno State Medical University, 230009 Grodno, Belarus
| | - Oleg N. Chupakhin
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, The Russian Academy of Sciences, 620108 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Boris A. Margulis
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina V. Guzhova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir F. Lazarev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-931-233-1811
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Hiskens MI, Mengistu TS, Li KM, Fenning AS. Systematic Review of the Diagnostic and Clinical Utility of Salivary microRNAs in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13160. [PMID: 36361944 PMCID: PMC9654991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an urgent priority, as there are currently no TBI biomarkers to assess the severity of injury, to predict outcomes, and to monitor recovery. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) including microRNAs can be measured in saliva following TBI and have been investigated as potential diagnostic markers. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the diagnostic or prognostic ability of microRNAs extracted from saliva in human subjects. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched for studies that examined the association of saliva microRNAs in TBI. Original studies of any design involving diagnostic capacity of salivary microRNAs for TBI were selected for data extraction. Nine studies met inclusion criteria, with a heterogeneous population involving athletes and hospital patients, children and adults. The studies identified a total of 188 differentially expressed microRNAs, with 30 detected in multiple studies. MicroRNAs in multiple studies involved expression change bidirectionality. The study design and methods involved significant heterogeneity that precluded meta-analysis. Early data indicates salivary microRNAs may assist with TBI diagnosis. Further research with consistent methods and larger patient populations is required to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of saliva microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew I. Hiskens
- Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation, Mackay Hospital and Health Service, 475 Bridge Road, Mackay, QLD 4740, Australia
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
| | - Tesfaye S. Mengistu
- Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation, Mackay Hospital and Health Service, 475 Bridge Road, Mackay, QLD 4740, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, 266 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Katy M. Li
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
| | - Andrew S. Fenning
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Management and Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injuries. Cureus 2022; 14:e30617. [PMID: 36426314 PMCID: PMC9681696 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are one of the main reasons for death in recent years worldwide or globally. They are the number one cause of death for both civilians and military members. It affects how the brain functions and is currently one of the crucial concerns of global public health issues. TBI is increasing worldwide because of the increasing dependency on motorized vehicles and machinery. One of the reasons for TBI is the expanding human population. It is the major cause of death and disability in the world. In young adults around the world, it is the main cause of mortality and morbidity. Its complicated etiology and pathogenesis include primarily primary and secondary injury types. Neuroinflammation is also focused on TBI to be cured. The neuroprotection of the injured brain has received tremendous attention during TBI treatment. In this review, we will first discuss the definition of traumatic brain injury, its causes, and the symptoms experienced by patients of various age groups. Finally, treatment methods and advances in treatment will be discussed. In this review, the aftereffects of traumatic brain damage are also covered. Ferroptosis and choline phospholipids are also emphasized as important components of the treatment of traumatic brain damage in this review.
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Activation of NLRP3 Is Required for a Functional and Beneficial Microglia Response after Brain Trauma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081550. [PMID: 35893807 PMCID: PMC9332196 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the numerous research studies on traumatic brain injury (TBI), many physiopathologic mechanisms remain unknown. TBI is a complex process, in which neuroinflammation and glial cells play an important role in exerting a functional immune and damage-repair response. The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is one of the first steps to initiate neuroinflammation and so its regulation is essential. Using a closed-head injury model and a pharmacological (MCC950; 3 mg/kg, pre- and post-injury) and genetical approach (NLRP3 knockout (KO) mice), we defined the transcriptional and behavioral profiles 24 h after TBI. Wild-type (WT) mice showed a strong pro-inflammatory response, with increased expression of inflammasome components, microglia and astrocytes markers, and cytokines. There was no difference in the IL1β production between WT and KO, nor compensatory mechanisms of other inflammasomes. However, some microglia and astrocyte markers were overexpressed in KO mice, resulting in an exacerbated cytokine expression. Pretreatment with MCC950 replicated the behavioral and blood-brain barrier results observed in KO mice and its administration 1 h after the lesion improved the damage. These findings highlight the importance of NLRP3 time-dependent activation and its role in the fine regulation of glial response.
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