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Bokatyi AN, Dubashynskaya NV, Skorik YA. Chemical modification of hyaluronic acid as a strategy for the development of advanced drug delivery systems. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122145. [PMID: 38710553 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has emerged as a promising biopolymer for various biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and intrinsic ability to interact with cell surface receptors, making it an attractive candidate for drug delivery systems and tissue engineering. Chemical modification of HA has opened up versatile possibilities to tailor its properties, enabling the development of advanced drug delivery systems and biomaterials with enhanced functionalities and targeted applications. This review analyzes the strategies and applications of chemically modified HA in the field of drug delivery and biomaterial development. The first part of the review focuses on the different methods and functional groups used for the chemical modification of HA, highlighting the impact of these modifications on its physicochemical properties, degradation behavior and interactions with drugs. The second part of the review evaluates the use of chemically modified HA in the development of advanced biomedical materials including nano- and microparticles, hydrogels and mucoadhesive materials with tailored drug release profiles, site-specific targeting and stimuli-responsive behavior. Thus, the review consolidates the current advances and future perspectives in the field of chemical modification of HA, underscoring its immense potential to drive the development of advanced drug delivery systems and biomaterials with diverse biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton N Bokatyi
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi VO 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russian Federation
| | - Natallia V Dubashynskaya
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi VO 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russian Federation
| | - Yury A Skorik
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi VO 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russian Federation.
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2
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Peng J, Yi J, Yang G, Huang Z, Cao D. ISTransbase: an online database for inhibitor and substrate of drug transporters. Database (Oxford) 2024; 2024:baae053. [PMID: 38943608 PMCID: PMC11214160 DOI: 10.1093/database/baae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Drug transporters, integral membrane proteins found throughout the human body, play critical roles in physiological and biochemical processes through interactions with ligands, such as substrates and inhibitors. The extensive and disparate data on drug transporters complicate understanding their complex relationships with ligands. To address this challenge, it is essential to gather and summarize information on drug transporters, inhibitors and substrates, and simultaneously develop a comprehensive and user-friendly database. Current online resources often provide fragmented information and have limited coverage of drug transporter substrates and inhibitors, highlighting the need for a specialized, comprehensive and openly accessible database. ISTransbase addresses this gap by amassing a substantial amount of data from literature, government documents and open databases. It includes 16 528 inhibitors and 4465 substrates of 163 drug transporters from 18 different species, resulting in a total of 93 841 inhibitor records and 51 053 substrate records. ISTransbase provides detailed insights into drug transporters and their inhibitors/substrates, encompassing transporter and molecule structure, transporter function and distribution, as well as experimental methods and results from transport or inhibition experiments. Furthermore, ISTransbase offers three search strategies that allow users to retrieve drugs and transporters based on multiple selectable constraints, as well as perform checks for drug-drug interactions. Users can also browse and download data. In summary, ISTransbase (https://istransbase.scbdd.com/) serves as a valuable resource for accurately and efficiently accessing information on drug transporter inhibitors and substrates, aiding researchers in exploring drug transporter mechanisms and assisting clinicians in mitigating adverse drug reactions Database URL: https://istransbase.scbdd.com/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfu Peng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, No.172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410031, China
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410031, China
| | - Jiacai Yi
- School of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, No.869 Furong Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Guoping Yang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, No.172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410031, China
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410031, China
| | - Zhijun Huang
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410031, China
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, No.172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410031, China
| | - Dongsheng Cao
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, No.172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410031, China
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3
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Watari R, Tamura N, Yoshida S, Kido Y, Matsuzaki T. Minimal Involvement of P-gp and BCRP in Oral Absorption of Ensitrelvir, An Oral SARS-CoV-2 3C-like Protease Inhibitor, in a Non-Clinical Investigation. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00232-6. [PMID: 38885812 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) are important transporters causing drug-drug interaction (DDI). Here, we investigated the involvement of P-gp and BCRP in the oral absorption of ensitrelvir in non-clinical studies and estimated the DDI risk mediated by P-gp and BCRP inhibition in humans. Although ensitrelvir is an in vitro P-gp and BCRP substrate, it demonstrated high bioavailability in rats and monkeys after oral administration. Plasma exposures of ensitrelvir following oral administration were comparable in wild type (WT) and Bcrp (-/-) mice. On the other hand, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) ratio of ensitrelvir in the Mdr1a/1b (-/-) mice to the WT mice was 1.92, indicating that P-gp, but not BCRP, was involved in the oral absorption of ensitrelvir. Based on our previous retrospective analyses, such a low AUC ratio (<3) in the Mdr1a/1b (-/-) mice indicates a minimal impact of P-gp on the oral absorption in humans. In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that the involvement of both P-gp and BCRP in the oral absorption of ensitrelvir is minimal, and suggest that ensitrelvir has a low risk for DDIs mediated by P-gp and BCRP inhibition in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Watari
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd..
| | - Naomi Tamura
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd
| | - Shinpei Yoshida
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd
| | - Yasuto Kido
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd
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4
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Koseki C, Ishikawa T, Sato Y, Shimada M, Yokoi Y, Nakamura K, Honma N, Moriyama T, Kashiwagi H, Sugawara M. Development of an Evaluation System Using Intestinal Organoids for Drug Efflux Transport Analysis by an Imaging Approach. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00228-4. [PMID: 38871222 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
There are several in vitro systems that enable evaluation of the absorption direction, but there are few quantitative systems that enable easy evaluation of the excretion direction. Enteroids, organoids derived from intestine, have been frozen and passaged for various research. But it is not clear how the freezing and passaging affect the expression and function of transporters. We investigated the effects of passage and cryopreservation of enteroids. We focused on P-gp (P-glycoprotein) and compared the transfer rates of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) into the lumen of enteroids with and without a P-gp inhibitor. mRNA expression levels did not change significantly before and after passage and cryopreservation. Accumulation of Rh123 in the lumen of enteroids was observed. With some P-gp inhibitors, excretion of Rh123 into the lumen of enteroids was inhibited and the nonexcreted Rh123 accumulated in enteroids epithelial cells. The transfer rate of Rh123 into the lumen of enteroids with a P-gp inhibitor was significantly decreased compared to that of without a P-gp inhibitor. Before and after passage and cryopreservation, the transfer rate was almost the same as that of primary cultured enteroids. We succeeded in easily evaluating whether a component is a substrate of P-gp using enteroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Koseki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takehiko Ishikawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Mikiko Shimada
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuki Yokoi
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21-jo, Nishi-11-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kiminori Nakamura
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21-jo, Nishi-11-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Honma
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takanori Moriyama
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kashiwagi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Sugawara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-14-jo, Nishi-5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan; Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Global Institution for Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Japan.
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5
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Gasperoni L, Giunta EF, Montanari D, Masini C, De Giorgi U. New-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC): pharmacokinetics, drug-drug interactions (DDIs), and clinical impact. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2024; 20:491-502. [PMID: 38778707 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2353749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The therapeutic scenario of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) has dramatically changed in recent years, with the approval of new-generation Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitors (ARSIs), in combination with the androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which was the previous standard of care. Despite showing a similar clinical efficacy, ARSIs, all of which are administered orally, are different in terms of pharmacokinetic and drug-drug interactions (DDIs). AREAS COVERED This review covers the main pharmacokinetic characteristics of ARSIs that have been approved for the first-line therapy of mHSPC patients, underlying the differences among these molecules and focusing on the known or possible interactions with other drugs. Full-text articles and abstracts were searched in PubMed. EXPERT OPINION Since prostate cancer occurs mainly in older age, comorbidities and the consequent polypharmacy increase the DDI risk in mHSPC patients who are candidates for ARSI. Waiting for new therapeutic options, in the absence of direct comparisons, pharmacokinetic knowledge is essential to guide clinicians in prescribing ARSI in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Gasperoni
- Oncological Pharmacy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) 'Dino Amadori', Meldola (FC), Italy
| | - Emilio Francesco Giunta
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) 'Dino Amadori', Meldola (FC), Italy
| | - Daniela Montanari
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) 'Dino Amadori', Meldola (FC), Italy
| | - Carla Masini
- Oncological Pharmacy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) 'Dino Amadori', Meldola (FC), Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) 'Dino Amadori', Meldola (FC), Italy
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6
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Shi Y, Reker D, Byrne JD, Kirtane AR, Hess K, Wang Z, Navamajiti N, Young CC, Fralish Z, Zhang Z, Lopes A, Soares V, Wainer J, von Erlach T, Miao L, Langer R, Traverso G. Screening oral drugs for their interactions with the intestinal transportome via porcine tissue explants and machine learning. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:278-290. [PMID: 38378821 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In vitro systems that accurately model in vivo conditions in the gastrointestinal tract may aid the development of oral drugs with greater bioavailability. Here we show that the interaction profiles between drugs and intestinal drug transporters can be obtained by modulating transporter expression in intact porcine tissue explants via the ultrasound-mediated delivery of small interfering RNAs and that the interaction profiles can be classified via a random forest model trained on the drug-transporter relationships. For 24 drugs with well-characterized drug-transporter interactions, the model achieved 100% concordance. For 28 clinical drugs and 22 investigational drugs, the model identified 58 unknown drug-transporter interactions, 7 of which (out of 8 tested) corresponded to drug-pharmacokinetic measurements in mice. We also validated the model's predictions for interactions between doxycycline and four drugs (warfarin, tacrolimus, digoxin and levetiracetam) through an ex vivo perfusion assay and the analysis of pharmacologic data from patients. Screening drugs for their interactions with the intestinal transportome via tissue explants and machine learning may help to expedite drug development and the evaluation of drug safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Shi
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Reker
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - James D Byrne
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ameya R Kirtane
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Hess
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhuyi Wang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Natsuda Navamajiti
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Cameron C Young
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zachary Fralish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Zilu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aaron Lopes
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vance Soares
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jacob Wainer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas von Erlach
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lei Miao
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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7
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Kang MJ, Kim MJ, Kim A, Koo TS, Lee KR, Chae YJ. Pharmacokinetic interactions of niclosamide in rats: Involvement of organic anion transporters 1 and 3 and organic cation transporter 2. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 390:110886. [PMID: 38280639 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Niclosamide is an anthelmintic drug with a long history of use and is generally safe and well tolerated in humans. As the conventional dose of niclosamide results in a low but certain level in systemic circulation, drug interactions with concomitant drugs should be considered. We aimed to investigate the interaction between niclosamide and drug transporters, as such information is currently limited. Niclosamide inhibited the transport activity of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1, OAT3, and OCT2 in vitro. Among them, the inhibitory effects on OAT1, OAT3, and OCT2 were strong, with IC50 values of less than 1 μM. When 3 mg/kg of niclosamide was co-administered to rats, systemic exposure to furosemide (a substrate of OAT1/3) and metformin (a substrate of OCT2) increased, and the renal clearance (CLr) of the drugs significantly decreased. These results suggest that niclosamide inhibits renal transporters, OAT1/3 and OCT2, not only in vitro but also in vivo, resulting in increased systemic exposure to the substrates of the transporters by strongly blocking the urinary elimination pathway in rats. The findings of this study will support a meticulous understanding of the transporter-mediated drug interactions of niclosamide and consequently aid in effective and safe use of niclosamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju, 55338, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeran Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju, 55338, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Koo
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Ryoon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon-Jee Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju, 55338, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Woosuk University, Wanju, 55338, Republic of Korea.
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Algaissi A, Khan E, Tabassum H, Samreen S, Khamjan NA, Lohani M, Khan S, Kameli N, Madkhali F, Ahmad IZ. Campesterol and dithymoquinone as a potent inhibitors of SARS cov-2 main proteases-promising drug candidates for targeting its novel variants. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38288958 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2301684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has currently taken approximately 2.4 million lives, with no specific medication and fast-tracked tested vaccines for prevention. These vaccines have their own adverse effects, which have severely affected the global healthcare system. The discovery of the main protease structure of coronavirus (Mpro/Clpro) has resulted in the identification of compounds having antiviral potential, especially from the herbal system. In this study, the computer-associated drug design tools were utilised to analyze the reported phytoconstituents of Nigella sativa for their antiviral activity against the main protease. Fifty-eight compounds were subjected to pharmacological parameter analysis to determine their lead likeness in comparison to the standard drugs (chloroquine and nirmatrelvir) used in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Nearly 31 compounds were docked against five different SARS-CoV-2 main proteases, and all compounds showed better binding affinity and inhibition constant against the proteases. However, dithymoquinone and campesterol displayed the best binding scores and hence were further subjected to dynamics and MMPBSA study for 100 ns. The stability analysis shows that dithymoquinone and campesterol show less variation in fluctuation in residues compared to standard complexes. Moreover, dithymoquinone exhibited higher binding affinity and favorable interaction followed by campesterol as compared to the standard drug. The in silico computational analysis provides a promising hit for regulating the main proteases activity.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Algaissi
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Emerging and Epidemic Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elhan Khan
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Heena Tabassum
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sadiyah Samreen
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nizar A Khamjan
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohtashim Lohani
- Medical Research Centre, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saif Khan
- Department of Basic Dental and Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ha'il University, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nader Kameli
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iffat Zareen Ahmad
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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9
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Gao Y, Deng H, Zhao Y, Li M, Wang L, Zhang Y. Gene Expression of Abcc2 and Its Regulation by Chicken Xenobiotic Receptor. TOXICS 2024; 12:55. [PMID: 38251011 PMCID: PMC10818656 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Membrane transporter multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2/Abcc2) exhibits high pharmaco-toxicological relevance because it exports multiple cytotoxic compounds from cells. However, no detailed information about the gene expression and regulation of MRP2 in chickens is yet available. Here, we sought to investigate the expression distribution of Abcc2 in different tissues of chicken and then determine whether Abcc2 expression is induced by chicken xenobiotic receptor (CXR). The bioinformatics analyses showed that MRP2 transporters have three transmembrane structural domains (MSDs) and two highly conserved nucleotide structural domains (NBDs), and a close evolutionary relationship with turkeys. Tissue distribution analysis indicated that Abcc2 was highly expressed in the liver, kidney, duodenum, and jejunum. When exposed to metyrapone (an agonist of CXR) and ketoconazole (an antagonist of CXR), Abcc2 expression was upregulated and downregulated correspondingly. We further confirmed that Abcc2 gene regulation is dependent on CXR, by overexpressing and interfering with CXR, respectively. We also demonstrated the induction of Abcc2 expression and the activity of ivermectin, with CXR being a likely mediator. Animal experiments demonstrated that metyrapone and ivermectin induced Abcc2 in the liver, kidney, and duodenum of chickens. Together, our study identified the gene expression of Abcc2 and its regulation by CXR in chickens, which may provide novel targets for the reasonable usage of veterinary drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (Y.G.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Huacheng Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (Y.G.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (Y.G.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Mei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (Y.G.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Liping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (Y.G.); (H.D.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.)
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10
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Veiga-Matos J, Morales AI, Prieto M, Remião F, Silva R. Study Models of Drug-Drug Interactions Involving P-Glycoprotein: The Potential Benefit of P-Glycoprotein Modulation at the Kidney and Intestinal Levels. Molecules 2023; 28:7532. [PMID: 38005253 PMCID: PMC10673607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a crucial membrane transporter situated on the cell's apical surface, being responsible for eliminating xenobiotics and endobiotics. P-gp modulators are compounds that can directly or indirectly affect this protein, leading to changes in its expression and function. These modulators can act as inhibitors, inducers, or activators, potentially causing drug-drug interactions (DDIs). This comprehensive review explores diverse models and techniques used to assess drug-induced P-gp modulation. We cover several approaches, including in silico, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo methods, with their respective strengths and limitations. Additionally, we explore the therapeutic implications of DDIs involving P-gp, with a special focus on the renal and intestinal elimination of P-gp substrates. This involves enhancing the removal of toxic substances from proximal tubular epithelial cells into the urine or increasing the transport of compounds from enterocytes into the intestinal lumen, thereby facilitating their excretion in the feces. A better understanding of these interactions, and of the distinct techniques applied for their study, will be of utmost importance for optimizing drug therapy, consequently minimizing drug-induced adverse and toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Veiga-Matos
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Toxicology Unit (Universidad de Salamanca), Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Ana I. Morales
- Toxicology Unit (Universidad de Salamanca), Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Marta Prieto
- Toxicology Unit (Universidad de Salamanca), Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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11
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Shchulkin AV, Erokhina PD, Goncharenko AV, Mylnikov PY, Chernykh IV, Abalenikhina YV, Kotliarova MS, Yakusheva EN. Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine Succinate Is an Inhibitor but Not a Substrate of ABCB1 and SLCO1B1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1529. [PMID: 38004395 PMCID: PMC10674565 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
2-Ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate (EMHPS, Mexidol) is an original antioxidant and an anti-ischemic drug with the possibility of wide applications in the complex therapy of diseases, accompanied by the development of oxidative stress and ischemia; for example, ischemic stroke, chronic cerebral ischemia, and chronic heart failure. The use of EMHPS in the complex therapy of the above diseases may cause the development of drug-drug interactions, particularly pharmacokinetic interactions at the level of transporter proteins. In the present study, we evaluated the interaction of EMHPS with ABCB1 and SLCO1B1. In Caco-2 cells, it was shown that EMHPS is not a substrate of ABCB1 and that it does not affect its expression, but at the same time, it inhibits the activity of this transporter. Its inhibitory activity was inferior to verapamil-a classic inhibitor of ABCB1. In HEK293 and HEK293-SLCO1B1 cells, it was shown that EMHPS is not a substrate of SLCO1B1 either, but that it inhibited the activity of the transporter. However, its inhibitory activity was inferior to the classic inhibitor of SLCO1B1-rifampicin. Furthermore, it was found out that EMHPS does not affect SLCO1B1 expression in HepG2 cells. The approach proposed by the FDA (2020) and the International Transporter Consortium (2010) was used to assess the clinical significance of the study results. The effect of EMHPS on SLCO1B1 and the systemic inhibition of ABCB1 by EMPHS are not clinically significant, but ABCB1 inhibition by EMHPS in the gastrointestinal tract should be tested in vivo through clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey V. Shchulkin
- Department of Pharmacology, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Pelageya D. Erokhina
- Department of Pharmacology, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Anna V. Goncharenko
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.G.)
| | - Pavel Yu. Mylnikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Chernykh
- Department of Pharmacology, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | | | - Maria S. Kotliarova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.G.)
| | - Elena N. Yakusheva
- Department of Pharmacology, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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12
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Harby SA, Khalil NA, El-Sayed NS, Thabet EH, Saleh SR, Fathelbab MH. Implications of BCRP modulation on PTZ-induced seizures in mice: Role of ko143 and metformin as adjuvants to lamotrigine. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2627-2636. [PMID: 37067582 PMCID: PMC10497685 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) efflux transporters' overexpression hinders antiepileptic drug brain entry. Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is a major BBB efflux transporter. In the present work, BCRP's role as a mechanism that might contribute to drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) in a mouse model of acute seizures was studied with further assessment of the effect of its inhibition by ko143 and metformin (MET) on lamotrigine (LTG) bioavailability and efficacy. 42 male mice divided into 6 groups: G1: Normal control, G2: LTG-injected healthy mice: LTG 20 mg/kg i.p., G3: Acute seizures (A.S) mice: Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) 50 mg/kg i.p., G4: LTG-treated A.S mice: LTG 20 mg/kg + PTZ 50 mg/kg i.p., G5: Ko143 + LTG treated A.S mice: Ko143 15 mg/kg i.p. before LTG + PTZ, G6: MET + LTG treated A.S mice: MET 200 mg/kg i.p. before LTG + PTZ. Seizures severity, serum, brain LTG, and brain BCRP were assessed. PTZ group experienced the highest seizure frequency and brain BCRP expression. Ko143 and MET groups showed a significant decrease in brain BCRP with subsequent improvement in brain LTG level and better seizure control. BCRP has a significant role in epilepsy resistance and its inhibition with ko143 or MET adds value to DRE management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar A Harby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Nehal A Khalil
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Norhan S El-Sayed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman H Thabet
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Its Application (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samar R Saleh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Bioscreening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona Hassan Fathelbab
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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13
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Högnäsbacka AA, Poot AJ, Kooijman E, Schuit RC, Schreurs M, Verlaan M, Beaino W, van Dongen GAMS, Vugts DJ, Windhorst AD. Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of [ Methylpiperazine- 11C]brigatinib as a PET Tracer Targeting Both Mutated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12130-12140. [PMID: 37647220 PMCID: PMC10510377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Brigatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with specificity for gene rearranged anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), such as the EML4-ALK, has shown a potential to inhibit mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In this study, N-desmethyl brigatinib was successfully synthesized as a precursor in five steps. Radiolabeling with [11C]methyl iodide produced [methylpiperazine-11C]brigatinib in a 10 ± 2% radiochemical yield, 91 ± 17 GBq/μmol molar activity, and ≥95% radiochemical purity in 49 ± 4 min. [Methylpiperazine-11C]brigatinib was evaluated in non-small cell lung cancer xenografted female nu/nu mice. An hour post-injection (p.i.), 87% of the total radioactivity in plasma originated from intact [methylpiperazine-11C]brigatinib. Significant differences in tumor uptake were observed between the endogenously EML4-ALK mutated H2228 and the control xenograft A549. The tumor-to-blood ratio in H2228 xenografts could be reduced by pretreatment with ALK inhibitor crizotinib. Tracer uptake in EGFR Del19 mutated HCC827 and EML4-ALK fusion A549 was not significantly different from uptake in A549 xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia A. Högnäsbacka
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex J. Poot
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Kooijman
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C. Schuit
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maxime Schreurs
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariska Verlaan
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wissam Beaino
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guus A. M. S. van Dongen
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J. Vugts
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D. Windhorst
- Department
of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomarkers
& Imaging, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Lu HR, Damiano BP, Kreir M, Rohrbacher J, van der Linde H, Saidov T, Teisman A, Gallacher DJ. The Potential Mechanisms behind Loperamide-Induced Cardiac Arrhythmias Associated with Human Abuse and Extreme Overdose. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1355. [PMID: 37759755 PMCID: PMC10527387 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Loperamide has been a safe and effective treatment for diarrhea for many years. However, many cases of cardiotoxicity with intentional abuse of loperamide ingestion have recently been reported. We evaluated loperamide in in vitro and in vivo cardiac safety models to understand the mechanisms for this cardiotoxicity. Loperamide slowed conduction (QRS-duration) starting at 0.3 µM [~1200-fold (×) its human Free Therapeutic Plasma Concentration; FTPC] and reduced the QT-interval and caused cardiac arrhythmias starting at 3 µM (~12,000× FTPC) in an isolated rabbit ventricular-wedge model. Loperamide also slowed conduction and elicited Type II/III A-V block in anesthetized guinea pigs at overdose exposures of 879× and 3802× FTPC. In ion-channel studies, loperamide inhibited hERG (IKr), INa, and ICa currents with IC50 values of 0.390 µM, 0.526 µM, and 4.091 µM, respectively (i.e., >1560× FTPC). Additionally, in silico trials in human ventricular action potential models based on these IC50s confirmed that loperamide has large safety margins at therapeutic exposures (≤600× FTPC) and confirmed repolarization abnormalities in the case of extreme doses of loperamide. The studies confirmed the large safety margin for the therapeutic use of loperamide but revealed that at the extreme exposure levels observed in human overdose, loperamide can cause a combination of conduction slowing and alterations in repolarization time, resulting in cardiac proarrhythmia. Loperamide's inhibition of the INa channel and hERG-mediated IKr are the most likely basis for this cardiac electrophysiological toxicity at overdose exposures. The cardiac toxic effects of loperamide at the overdoses could be aggravated by co-medication with other drug(s) causing ion channel inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Rong Lu
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Janssen Research and Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium; (B.P.D.); (J.R.); (H.v.d.L.); (T.S.); (A.T.); (D.J.G.)
| | | | - Mohamed Kreir
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Janssen Research and Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium; (B.P.D.); (J.R.); (H.v.d.L.); (T.S.); (A.T.); (D.J.G.)
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15
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Tras B, Uney K, Parlak TM, Tufan O. Vitamins E and A increase the passing of the P-gp substrate ivermectin into the brain in mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:475-480. [PMID: 37235885 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of administration of oral vitamins A and E at different doses on plasma and brain concentrations of ivermectin in mice. The study was carried out on 174 Swiss Albino male mice aged 8-10 weeks. After leaving six mice for method validation, the remaining mice were randomly divided into seven groups with equal numbers of animals. Mice received ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg, subcutaneous) alone and in combination with low (vitamin A: 4000 IU/kg; vitamin E: 35 mg/kg) and high (vitamin A: 30 000 IU/kg; vitamin E: 500 mg/kg) oral doses of vitamins A and E. The plasma and brain concentrations of ivermectin were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector. We determined that high doses of vitamins A and E and their combinations increased the passing ratio of ivermectin into the brain significantly. The high-dose vitamin E and the combination of high-concentration vitamins E and A significantly increased the plasma concentration of ivermectin (P < 0.05). The high-dose vitamins E and A and their high-dose combination increased the brain concentration of ivermectin by 3, 2, and 2.7 times, respectively. This research is the first in vivo study to determine the interaction between P-gp substrates and vitamins E and A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunyamin Tras
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42031 Konya, Turkiye
| | - Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42031 Konya, Turkiye
| | - Tugba Melike Parlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42031 Konya, Turkiye
| | - Oznur Tufan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42031 Konya, Turkiye
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16
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Podgoršek E, Mehra N, van Oort IM, Somford DM, Boerrigter E, van Erp NP. Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of the Next Generation Androgen Receptor Inhibitor-Darolutamide. Clin Pharmacokinet 2023; 62:1049-1061. [PMID: 37458966 PMCID: PMC10386912 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-023-01268-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Darolutamide is a next-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) currently approved for the treatment of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) and metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Studies suggest that darolutamide also has the potential to be used to treat other stages of prostate cancer (PC), suggesting that its indications will broaden in the near future. Since ARSIs show similar efficacy for the treatment of PC, pharmacokinetic properties of these drugs and patient characteristics could help physicians decide which drug to select. This review provides an overview of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of darolutamide. One of the most important pharmacological advantages of darolutamide is its low brain distribution and therefore limited seizure potential and central nervous system adverse effects. In addition, darolutamide has little drug-drug interaction potential and is unlikely to alter the exposure of other cytochrome P450 or P-glycoprotein substrates. Nevertheless, it may significantly increase the exposure of breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) substrates. The limited solubility and bioavailability of darolutamide increases when taken together with food, regardless of the fat content. Darolutamide is excessively metabolized by oxidation and glucuronidation and excreted in the urine and feces. For this reason, dose reduction is required in patients with moderate and severe renal or severe hepatic impairment. Although no exposure-response relationship was observed with darolutamide, less advanced stages of PC showed better PSA response on treatment. Overall, darolutamide has some advantageous pharmacological properties that may lead to its preferred use, when broader registered, in selected patients across different disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Podgoršek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Route 864, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Niven Mehra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M van Oort
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik M Somford
- Department of Urology, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emmy Boerrigter
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Route 864, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nielka P van Erp
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Route 864, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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17
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Zandona A, Madunić J, Miš K, Maraković N, Dubois-Geoffroy P, Cavaco M, Mišetić P, Padovan J, Castanho M, Jean L, Renard PY, Pirkmajer S, Neves V, Katalinić M. Biological response and cell death signaling pathways modulated by tetrahydroisoquinoline-based aldoximes in human cells. Toxicology 2023:153588. [PMID: 37419273 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The uncharged 3-hydroxy-2-pyridine aldoximes with protonatable tertiary amines are studied as antidotes in toxic organophosphates (OP) poisoning. Due to some of their specific structural features, we hypothesize that these compounds could exert diverse biological activity beyond their main scope of application. To examine this further, we performed an extensive cell-based assessment to determine their effects on human cells (SH-SY5Y, HEK293, HepG2, HK-2, myoblasts and myotubes) and possible mechanism of action. As our results indicated, aldoxime having a piperidine moiety did not induce significant toxicity up to 300µM within 24hours, while those with a tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety, in the same concentration range, showed time-dependent effects and stimulated mitochondria-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway through ERK1/2 and p38-MAPK signaling and subsequent activation of initiator caspase 9 and executive caspase 3 accompanied with DNA damage as observed already after 4hour exposure. Mitochondria and fatty acid metabolism were also likely targets of 3-hydroxy-2-pyridine aldoximes with tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety, due to increased phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. In silico analysis predicted kinases as their most probable target class, while pharmacophores modeling additionally predicted the inhibition of a cytochrome P450cam. Overall, if the absence of significant toxicity for piperidine bearing aldoxime highlights the potential of its further studies in medical counter-measures, the observed biological activity of aldoximes with tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety could be indicative for future design of compounds either in a negative context in OP antidotes design, or in a positive one for design of compounds for the treatment of other phenomena like cell proliferating malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Zandona
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, POB 291, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Josip Madunić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, POB 291, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Katarina Miš
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, POB 291, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Marco Cavaco
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | | | | | - Miguel Castanho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ludovic Jean
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, CiTCoM (UMR 8038), F-75006, Paris, France.
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Sergej Pirkmajer
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Vera Neves
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maja Katalinić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, POB 291, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
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18
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Miners JO, Polasek TM, Hulin JA, Rowland A, Meech R. Drug-drug interactions that alter the exposure of glucuronidated drugs: Scope, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme selectivity, mechanisms (inhibition and induction), and clinical significance. Pharmacol Ther 2023:108459. [PMID: 37263383 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) arising from the perturbation of drug metabolising enzyme activities represent both a clinical problem and a potential economic loss for the pharmaceutical industry. DDIs involving glucuronidated drugs have historically attracted little attention and there is a perception that interactions are of minor clinical relevance. This review critically examines the scope and aetiology of DDIs that result in altered exposure of glucuronidated drugs. Interaction mechanisms, namely inhibition and induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes and the potential interplay with drug transporters, are reviewed in detail, as is the clinical significance of known DDIs. Altered victim drug exposure arising from modulation of UGT enzyme activities is relatively common and, notably, the incidence and importance of UGT induction as a DDI mechanism is greater than generally believed. Numerous DDIs are clinically relevant, resulting in either loss of efficacy or an increased risk of adverse effects, necessitating dose individualisation. Several generalisations relating to the likelihood of DDIs can be drawn from the known substrate and inhibitor selectivities of UGT enzymes, highlighting the importance of comprehensive reaction phenotyping studies at an early stage of drug development. Further, rigorous assessment of the DDI liability of new chemical entities that undergo glucuronidation to a significant extent has been recommended recently by regulatory guidance. Although evidence-based approaches exist for the in vitro characterisation of UGT enzyme inhibition and induction, the availability of drugs considered appropriate for use as 'probe' substrates in clinical DDI studies is limited and this should be research priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Miners
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Thomas M Polasek
- Certara, Princeton, NJ, USA; Centre for Medicines Use and Safety, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie-Ann Hulin
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew Rowland
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Robyn Meech
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
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19
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Tastet V, Le Vée M, Bruyère A, Fardel O. Interactions of human drug transporters with chemical additives present in plastics: Potential consequences for toxicokinetics and health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023:121882. [PMID: 37236587 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Human membrane drug transporters are recognized as major actors of pharmacokinetics; they also handle endogenous compounds, including hormones and metabolites. Chemical additives present in plastics interact with human drug transporters, which may have consequences for the toxicokinetics and toxicity of these widely-distributed environmental and/or dietary pollutants, to which humans are highly exposed. The present review summarizes key findings about this topic. In vitro assays have demonstrated that various plastic additives, including bisphenols, phthalates, brominated flame retardants, poly-alkyl phenols and per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances, can inhibit the activities of solute carrier uptake transporters and/or ATP-binding cassette efflux pumps. Some are substrates for transporters or can regulate their expression. The relatively low human concentration of plastic additives from environmental or dietary exposure is a key parameter to consider to appreciate the in vivo relevance of plasticizer-transporter interactions and their consequences for human toxicokinetics and toxicity of plastic additives, although even low concentrations of pollutants (in the nM range) may have clinical effects. Existing data about interactions of plastic additives with drug transporters remain somewhat sparse and incomplete. A more systematic characterization of plasticizer-transporter relationships is needed. The potential effects of chemical additive mixtures towards transporter activities and the identification of transporter substrates among plasticizers, as well as their interactions with transporters of emerging relevance deserve particular attention. A better understanding of the human toxicokinetics of plastic additives may help to fully integrate the possible contribution of transporters to the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of plastics-related chemicals, as well as to their deleterious effects towards human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Tastet
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Le Vée
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Arnaud Bruyère
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Fardel
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
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20
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Platzbecker K, Müller-Fielitz H, Foraita R, Koepp MJ, Voss A, Pflock R, Linder R, Pigeot I, Schink T, Schwaninger M. In atrial fibrillation epilepsy risk differs between oral anticoagulants: active comparator, nested case-control study. Europace 2023; 25:euad087. [PMID: 37013704 PMCID: PMC10228540 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euad087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a risk factor for brain infarction, which can lead to epilepsy. We aimed to investigate whether treatment of AF with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) affects the risk of epilepsy in comparison to treatment with the vitamin K antagonist phenprocoumon (PPC). METHODS AND RESULTS We performed an active comparator, nested case-control study based on the German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database that includes claims data from statutory health insurance providers of about 25 million persons since 2004. In 2011-17, 227 707 AF patients initiated treatment with a DOAC or PPC, of which 1828 cases developed epilepsy on current treatment with an oral anticoagulant. They were matched to 19 084 controls without epilepsy. Patients with DOAC treatment for AF had an overall higher risk of epilepsy with an odds ratio of 1.39, 95% CI (1.24; 1.55) compared to current PPC treatment. Cases had higher baseline CHA2DS2-VASc scores and more frequently a history of stroke than controls. After excluding patients with ischaemic stroke prior to the diagnosis of epilepsy, the risk of epilepsy was still higher on DOACs than on PPC. In contrast, within a cohort of patients with venous thromboembolism, the risk of epilepsy on treatment with DOACs was less elevated [adjusted odds ratio 1.15, 95% CI (0.98; 1.34)]. CONCLUSION In patients with AF initiating oral anticoagulation, treatment with a DOAC was associated with an increased risk of epilepsy compared to the vitamin K antagonist PPC. Covert brain infarction may explain the observed elevated risk of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Platzbecker
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Helge Müller-Fielitz
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ronja Foraita
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Matthias J Koepp
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, Box 29, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Annemarie Voss
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - René Pflock
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Roland Linder
- Techniker Krankenkasse, Bramfelder Straße 140, 22305 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Iris Pigeot
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 5, 28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Tania Schink
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel, Germany
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21
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Sharma AD, Kaur I, Chauhan A. Essential Oil Derived from Underutilized Plants Cymbopogon khasianus Poses Diverse Biological Activities against " Aspergillosis" and " Mucormycosis". RUSSIAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023; 49:172-183. [PMID: 37220552 PMCID: PMC10191406 DOI: 10.3103/s106836742302012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Palmrosa essential oil (PEO) from Cymbopogon khasianus, is used as complementary and traditional medicine worldwide. The present study aimed at compositional profiling of PEO and molecular docking of PEO bioactive compound geraniol against fungal enzymes chitin synthase (CS), UDP-glycosyltransferase (UDPG) and glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GPS), as apposite sites for drug designing against "Aspergillosis" and "Mucormycosis" and in vitro confirmation. Compositional profile of PEO was completed by GC-FID analysis. For molecular docking, Patch-dock tool was conducted. Ligand-enzyme 3D interactions were also calculated. ADMET properties (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) were also calculated. GC-FID discovered the occurrence of geraniol as a major component in PEO, thus nominated for docking analysis. Docking analysis specified active binding of geraniol to GPS, CS and UDPG fungal enzymes. Wet-lab authentication was achieved by three fungal strains Aspergillus niger, A. oryzae and Mucor sp. Docking studies revealed that ligand geraniol exhibited intercations with GPS, CS and UDPG fungal enzymes by H-bond and hydrophobic interactions. Geraniol obeyed LIPINSKY rule, and exhibited adequate bioactivity. Wet lab results indicated that PEO was able to inhibit fungal growth against "Aspergillosis" and "Mucormycosis".
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Dev Sharma
- Post Graduate department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Inderjeet Kaur
- Post Graduate department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Amrita Chauhan
- Post Graduate department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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22
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Nie W, Yang Y, Li L, Ding Y, Chen X, Li M, He N, Ji G, Zhang Y, Kang P, Zhang T. Comparison of pharmacokinetic profiles of seven major bioactive components in normal and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats after oral administration of Ling-Gui-Zhu-Gan decoction by UPLC-MS/MS. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1174742. [PMID: 37214449 PMCID: PMC10192568 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1174742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A sensitive and rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was hereby developed for the determination of seven components, namely, glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, dehydrotumulosic acid, isoliquiritin, liquiritin, atractylenolide III, and cinnamic acid, in the plasma of rats after the oral administration of Ling-Gui-Zhu-Gan decoction (LGZGD). Besides, this very method was methodologically validated for specificity, linearity, inter-day and intra-day precision, accuracy, matrix effect, extraction recovery, and stability. It was also successfully used for the first time to compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the seven components after oral administration of LGZGD to normal rats and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats. The results indicated significant differences between the pharmacokinetic characteristics of normal and NAFLD rats. To further reveal the different pharmacokinetic behaviors, the expressions of enzymes and transporters in the liver of normal and NAFLD rats were detected using UPLC-MS/MS. In the NAFLD rats, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 (UGT1A1) and nine transporters were significantly inhibited and a positive correlation was observed between them and the AUC of the major components. The present results indicate that the pharmacokinetic differences between the normal and NAFLD rats might be attributed to the significant lower expression levels of both the metabolic enzyme UGT1A1 and nine transporter proteins in the NAFLD rats than in the normal rats. Meanwhile, UGT1A1 and the nine transporter proteins might be used as potential biomarkers to assess the ameliorative effect of LGZGD on NAFLD, which could provide useful information to guide the clinical application of LGZGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Nie
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yue Ding
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingmi Chen
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning He
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Hsin CH, Kuehne A, Gu Y, Jedlitschky G, Hagos Y, Gründemann D, Fuhr U. In vitro validation of an in vivo phenotyping drug cocktail for major drug transporters in humans. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 186:106459. [PMID: 37142000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cocktails of transporter probe drugs are used in vivo to assess transporter activity and respective drug-drug interactions. An inhibitory effect of components on transporter activities should be ruled out. Here, for a clinically tested cocktail consisting of adefovir, digoxin, metformin, sitagliptin, and pitavastatin, inhibition of major transporters by individual probe substrates was investigated in vitro. METHODS Transporter transfected HEK293 cells were used in all evaluations. Cell-based assays were applied for uptake by human organic cation transporters 1/2 (hOCT1/2), organic anion transporters 1/3 (hOAT1/3), multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins 1/2K (hMATE1/2K), and organic anion transporter polypeptide 1B1 (hOATP1B1). For P-glycoprotein (hMDR1) a cell-based efflux assay was used whereas an inside-out vesicle-based assay was used for the bile salt export pump (hBSEP). All assays used standard substrates and established inhibitors (as positive controls). Inhibition experiments using clinically achievable concentrations of potential perpetrators at the relevant transporter expression site were carried out initially. If there was a significant effect, the inhibition potency (Ki) was studied in detail. RESULTS In the inhibition tests, only sitagliptin had an effect and reduced hOCT1- and hOCT2- mediated metformin uptake and hMATE2K mediated MPP+ uptake by more than 70%, 80%, and 30%, respectively. The ratios of unbound Cmax (observed clinically) to Ki of sitagliptin were low with 0.009, 0.03, and 0.001 for hOCT1, hOCT2, and hMATE2K, respectively. CONCLUSION The inhibition of hOCT2 in vitro by sitagliptin is in agreement with the borderline inhibition of renal metformin elimination observed clinically, supporting a dose reduction of sitagliptin in the cocktail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsuan Hsin
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Yi Gu
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gabriele Jedlitschky
- Department of General Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Gründemann
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Fuhr
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, Cologne, Germany.
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24
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Stillhart C, Asteriadis A, Bocharova E, Eksteen G, Harder F, Kusch J, Tzakri T, Augustijns P, Matthys C, Vertzoni M, Weitschies W, Reppas C. The impact of advanced age on gastrointestinal characteristics that are relevant to oral drug absorption: An AGePOP review. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 187:106452. [PMID: 37098371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on three physiological determinants of oral drug absorption, i.e., gastric emptying, volumes and composition of luminal fluids, and intestinal permeability, in the advanced age population, so that potential knowledge gaps and directions for further research efforts are identified. Published data on gastric emptying rates in older people are conflicting. Also, there are significant knowledge gaps, especially on gastric motility and emptying rates of drugs and of non-caloric fluids. Compared with younger adults, volumes of luminal contents seem to be slightly smaller in older people. Our understanding on the impact of advanced age on luminal physicochemical characteristics is, at best, very limited, whereas the impact of (co)morbidities and geriatric syndromes in the advanced age population has not been addressed to date. The available literature on the effect of advanced age on intestinal permeability is limited, and should be approached with caution, primarily due to the limitations of the experimental methodologies used.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Asteriadis
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ekaterina Bocharova
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gabriel Eksteen
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fritz Harder
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonas Kusch
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Tzakri
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Matthys
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Vertzoni
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Werner Weitschies
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christos Reppas
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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25
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Babayeva M, Loewy ZG. Cannabis Pharmacogenomics: A Path to Personalized Medicine. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3479-3514. [PMID: 37185752 PMCID: PMC10137111 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis and related compounds have created significant research interest as a promising therapy in many disorders. However, the individual therapeutic effects of cannabinoids and the incidence of side effects are still difficult to determine. Pharmacogenomics may provide the answers to many questions and concerns regarding the cannabis/cannabinoid treatment and help us to understand the variability in individual responses and associated risks. Pharmacogenomics research has made meaningful progress in identifying genetic variations that play a critical role in interpatient variability in response to cannabis. This review classifies the current knowledge of pharmacogenomics associated with medical marijuana and related compounds and can assist in improving the outcomes of cannabinoid therapy and to minimize the adverse effects of cannabis use. Specific examples of pharmacogenomics informing pharmacotherapy as a path to personalized medicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Babayeva
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Zvi G Loewy
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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26
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Gareev K, Tagaeva R, Bobkov D, Yudintceva N, Goncharova D, Combs SE, Ten A, Samochernych K, Shevtsov M. Passing of Nanocarriers across the Histohematic Barriers: Current Approaches for Tumor Theranostics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1140. [PMID: 37049234 PMCID: PMC10096980 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, nanocarriers have demonstrated diagnostic and therapeutic (i.e., theranostic) potencies in translational oncology, and some agents have been further translated into clinical trials. However, the practical application of nanoparticle-based medicine in living organisms is limited by physiological barriers (blood-tissue barriers), which significantly hampers the transport of nanoparticles from the blood into the tumor tissue. This review focuses on several approaches that facilitate the translocation of nanoparticles across blood-tissue barriers (BTBs) to efficiently accumulate in the tumor. To overcome the challenge of BTBs, several methods have been proposed, including the functionalization of particle surfaces with cell-penetrating peptides (e.g., TAT, SynB1, penetratin, R8, RGD, angiopep-2), which increases the passing of particles across tissue barriers. Another promising strategy could be based either on the application of various chemical agents (e.g., efflux pump inhibitors, disruptors of tight junctions, etc.) or physical methods (e.g., magnetic field, electroporation, photoacoustic cavitation, etc.), which have been shown to further increase the permeability of barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Gareev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ruslana Tagaeva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Danila Bobkov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Yudintceva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria Goncharova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stephanie E. Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Artem Ten
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Konstantin Samochernych
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
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27
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Darnaud L, Delage C, Daali Y, Trouvin AP, Perrot S, Khoudour N, Merise N, Labat L, Etain B, Bellivier F, Lloret-Linares C, Bloch V, Curis E, Declèves X. Phenotyping Indices of CYP450 and P-Glycoprotein in Human Volunteers and in Patients Treated with Painkillers or Psychotropic Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030979. [PMID: 36986840 PMCID: PMC10054647 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters are key determinants of drug pharmacokinetics and response. The cocktail-based cytochrome P450 (CYP) and drug transporter phenotyping approach consists in the administration of multiple CYP or transporter-specific probe drugs to determine their activities simultaneously. Several drug cocktails have been developed over the past two decades in order to assess CYP450 activity in human subjects. However, phenotyping indices were mostly established for healthy volunteers. In this study, we first performed a literature review of 27 clinical pharmacokinetic studies using drug phenotypic cocktails in order to determine 95%,95% tolerance intervals of phenotyping indices in healthy volunteers. Then, we applied these phenotypic indices to 46 phenotypic assessments processed in patients having therapeutic issues when treated with painkillers or psychotropic drugs. Patients were given the complete phenotypic cocktail in order to explore the phenotypic activity of CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A, and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). P-gp activity was evaluated by determining AUC0-6h for plasma concentrations over time of fexofenadine, a well-known substrate of P-gp. CYP metabolic activities were assessed by measuring the CYP-specific metabolite/parent drug probe plasma concentrations, yielding single-point metabolic ratios at 2 h, 3 h, and 6 h or AUC0-6h ratio after oral administration of the cocktail. The amplitude of phenotyping indices observed in our patients was much wider than those observed in the literature for healthy volunteers. Our study helps define the range of phenotyping indices with "normal" activities in human volunteers and allows classification of patients for further clinical studies regarding CYP and P-gp activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Darnaud
- Biologie du Médicament-Toxicologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg St. Jacques, 75679 Paris, France
| | - Clément Delage
- Faculty of Health, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, 75006 Paris, France
- Service de Pharmacie, Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Youssef Daali
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Serge Perrot
- Centre de la Douleur, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, 75679 Paris, France
| | - Nihel Khoudour
- Biologie du Médicament-Toxicologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg St. Jacques, 75679 Paris, France
| | - Nadia Merise
- Biologie du Médicament-Toxicologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg St. Jacques, 75679 Paris, France
| | - Laurence Labat
- Faculty of Health, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, 75006 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Faculty of Health, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, 75006 Paris, France
- Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Hôpital GHU Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Faculty of Health, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, 75006 Paris, France
- Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Hôpital GHU Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | | | - Vanessa Bloch
- Faculty of Health, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, 75006 Paris, France
- Service de Pharmacie, Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Curis
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Cité, UR 7537 BioSTM, 75006 Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'hématologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Xavier Declèves
- Biologie du Médicament-Toxicologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg St. Jacques, 75679 Paris, France
- Faculty of Health, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMRS-1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, 75006 Paris, France
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Tsume Y. Evaluation and prediction of oral drug absorption and bioequivalence with food-drug interaction. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 50:100502. [PMID: 37001300 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2023.100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the impacts on the in vivo prediction of oral bioavailability (BA) and bioequivalence (BE) based on Biopharmaceutical classification systems (BCS) by the food-drug interaction (food effect) and the gastrointestinal (GI) environmental change. Various in vitro and in silico predictive methodologies have been used to expect the BA and BE of the test oral formulation. Food intake changes the GI physiology and environment, which affect oral drug absorption and its BE evaluation. Even though the pHs and bile acids in the GI tract would have significant influence on drug dissolution and, hence, oral drug absorption, those impacts largely depend on the physicochemical properties of oral medicine, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). BCS class I and III drugs are high soluble drugs in the physiological pH range, food-drug interaction may not affect their BA. On the other hand, BCS class II and IV drugs have pH-dependent solubility, and the more bile acid secretion and the pH changes by food intake might affect their BA. In this report, the GI physiological changes between the fasted and fed states are described and the prediction on the oral drug absorption by food-drug interaction have been introduced.
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Ashino T, Nakamura Y, Ohtaki H, Iwakura Y, Numazawa S. Interleukin-6 regulates the expression of hepatic canalicular efflux drug transporters after cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis: A comparison with lipopolysaccharide treatment. Toxicol Lett 2023; 374:40-47. [PMID: 36526125 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic multidrug transporters expressed on the canalicular membrane play a role in the hepatobiliary excretion of xenobiotics and endogenous substrates. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the regulation of hepatic drug transporter expression after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a valuable tool for studying polymicrobial sepsis, and to compare CLP with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. CLP reduced the expression of Mdr2/Abcb4, Mrp2/Abcc2, Bsep/Abcb11, Bcrp/Abcg2, and Mate1/Slc47a1 mRNAs in wild-type (WT) mouse livers in a time-dependent manner up to 48 h postoperation. LPS also reduced the expression of all transporters in WT mouse livers 24 h posttreatment; thereafter, expression levels tended to return to normal by 48 h posttreatment. IL-6-/- mice exhibited inhibited downregulation of drug transporters following CLP, although IL-1-/- and TNFα-/- mice exhibited the reduced expression of all transporters in a manner similar to that found in WT mice. Compared with CLP, LPS treatment reduced the expression of all transporters in all cytokine-deficient mouse livers, except for the expression of Mrp2/Abcc2 in IL-6-/- mice. Overall, these findings suggest that IL-6 is major factor in the downregulation of hepatic multidrug transporters following the onset of polymicrobial sepsis but not after LPS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ashino
- Division of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Division of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; Center for Pharmaceutical Education, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano, Totsuka, Yokohama, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ohtaki
- Department of Functional Neurobiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Satoshi Numazawa
- Division of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Bi Y, Wang X, Han L, Tian Y, Bo T, Li C, Shi B, Gui C, Zhang Y. Selective Inhibition of Organic Cation Transporter 1 by Benzoylpaeoniflorin Attenuates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation through AMPK Activation. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:191-198. [PMID: 36563333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) is a liver-specific transporter and plays an essential role in drug disposition and hepatic lipid metabolism. Therefore, inhibition of OCT1 may not only lead to drug-drug interactions but also represent a potential therapy for fatty liver diseases. In this study, we systematically investigated the inhibitory effect of 200 natural products on OCT1-mediated uptake of 4,4-dimethylaminostyryl-N-methylpyridinium (ASP+) and identified 10 potent OCT1 inhibitors. The selectivity of these inhibitors over OCT2 was evaluated using both in vitro uptake assays and in silico molecular docking analyses. Importantly, benzoylpaeoniflorin was identified as the most potent OCT1 inhibitor with the highest selectivity over OCT2. Additionally, benzoylpaeoniflorin prevented lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, with concomitant activation of AMPK and down-regulation of lipogenic genes, such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FASN). To conclude, our findings are of significant value in understanding OCT1-based natural product-drug interactions and provide a natural source of OCT1 inhibitors which may hold promise for treating fatty liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongwei Bo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshan Gui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Youcai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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QSAR modeling and molecular docking studies of 2-oxo-1, 2-dihydroquinoline-4- carboxylic acid derivatives as p-glycoprotein inhibitors for combating cancer multidrug resistance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13020. [PMID: 36747956 PMCID: PMC9898678 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins related to the ATP-binding cassette family are found in a very wide range of human tumors and result in therapeutic failure. The overexpression of efflux pumps such as ABCB1 is one of the mechanisms of MDR. This paper aims to develop a reliable quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model that best describes the correlation between the activity and the molecular structures in order to predict the inhibitory biological activity towards ABCB1. In this regard, a series of quinoline derivatives of 18 compounds were analyzed using different linear and non-linear machine learning (ML) regression methods including k-nearest neighbors (KNN), decision tree (DT), back propagation neural networks (BPNN) and gradient boosting-based (GB) methods. Their aim is to explain the origin of the activity of these investigated compounds and therefore, design new quinoline derivatives with higher effect on ABCB1. A total of 16 ML predictive models were developed on different number of 2D and 3D descriptors and were evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2) and the root mean squared error (RMSE) statistical metrics. Among all developed models, A GB-based model in particular catboost achieved the highest predictive quality, with one descriptor, expressed by R2 and RMSE of 95% and 0.283 respectively. Molecular docking studies against the target crystal structure of the outward-facing p-glycoprotein (6C0V) revealed significant binding affinities via both hydrophobic and H-bond interactions with the relevant compounds. The 17 has shown the highest binding energy of -9.22 kcal/mol. Therefore, it can suggest that 17 may prove to be a valuable potential lead structure for the design and synthesis of more potent P-glycoprotein inhibitors for combination used with anti-cancer drugs for cancer multidrug resistance management.
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Nabeh OA. Gut microbiota and cardiac arrhythmia: a pharmacokinetic scope. Egypt Heart J 2022; 74:87. [PMID: 36583819 PMCID: PMC9803803 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-022-00325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dealing with cardiac arrhythmia is a difficult challenge. Choosing between different anti-arrhythmic drugs (AADs) while being cautious about the pro-arrhythmic characteristics of some of these drugs and their diverse interaction with other drugs is a real obstacle. MAIN BODY Gut microbiota (GM), in our bodies, are now being considered as a hidden organ which can regulate our immune system, digest complex food, and secrete bioactive compounds. Yet, GM are encountered in the pathophysiology of arrhythmia and can affect the pharmacokinetics of AADs, as well as some anti-thrombotics, resulting in altering their bioavailability, therapeutic function and may predispose to some of their unpleasant adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of the exact role of GM in the pharmacokinetics of these drugs is now essential for better understanding of the art of arrhythmia management. Also, it will help deciding when to consider probiotics as an adjunctive therapy while treating arrhythmia. This should be discovered in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Azmy Nabeh
- grid.7776.10000 0004 0639 9286Department of Medical Pharmacology, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kan JWY, Yan CSW, Wong ILK, Su X, Liu Z, Chan TH, Chow LMC. Discovery of a Flavonoid FM04 as a Potent Inhibitor to Reverse P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Drug Resistance in Xenografts and Improve Oral Bioavailability of Paclitaxel. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315299. [PMID: 36499627 PMCID: PMC9739180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotransformation of flavonoid dimer FD18 resulted in an active metabolite FM04. It was more druggable because of its improved physicochemical properties. FM04 (EC50 = 83 nM) was 1.8-fold more potent than FD18 in reversing P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in vitro. Similar to FD18, FM04 chemosensitized LCC6MDR cells towards multiple anticancer drugs by inhibiting the transport activity of P-gp and restoring intracellular drug levels. It stimulated the P-gp ATPase by 3.3-fold at 100 μM. Different from FD18, FM04 itself was not a transport substrate of P-gp and presumably, it cannot work as a competitive inhibitor. In the human melanoma MDA435/LCC6MDR xenograft, the co-administration of FM04 (28 mg/kg, I.P.) with PTX (12 mg/kg, I.V.) directly modulated P-gp-mediated PTX resistance and caused a 56% (*, p < 0.05) reduction in tumor volume without toxicity or animal death. When FM04 was administered orally at 45 mg/kg as a dual inhibitor of P-gp/CYP2C8 or 3A4 enzymes in the intestine, it increased the intestinal absorption of PTX from 0.2% to 14% in mice and caused about 57- to 66-fold improvement of AUC as compared to a single oral dose of PTX. Oral co-administration of FM04 (45 mg/kg) with PTX (40, 60 or 70 mg/kg) suppressed the human melanoma MDA435/LCC6 tumor growth with at least a 73% (***, p < 0.001) reduction in tumor volume without serious toxicity. Therefore, FM04 can be developed into a novel combination chemotherapy to treat cancer by directly targeting the P-gp overexpressed tumors or potentiating the oral bioavailability of P-gp substrate drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W. Y. Kan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clare S. W. Yan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Iris L. K. Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaochun Su
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tak Hang Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2K6, Canada
- Correspondence: (T.H.C.); (L.M.C.C.); Tel.: +(852)-34008670 (T.H.C.); +(852)-34008662 (L.M.C.C.); Fax: +(852)-23649932 (T.H.C. & L.M.C.C.)
| | - Larry M. C. Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Correspondence: (T.H.C.); (L.M.C.C.); Tel.: +(852)-34008670 (T.H.C.); +(852)-34008662 (L.M.C.C.); Fax: +(852)-23649932 (T.H.C. & L.M.C.C.)
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Nguyen VVT, Ye S, Gkouzioti V, van Wolferen ME, Yengej FY, Melkert D, Siti S, de Jong B, Besseling PJ, Spee B, van der Laan LJW, Horland R, Verhaar MC, van Balkom BWM. A human kidney and liver organoid‐based multi‐organ‐on‐a‐chip model to study the therapeutic effects and biodistribution of mesenchymal stromal cell‐derived extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12280. [DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian V. T. Nguyen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension UMC Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Shicheng Ye
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Gkouzioti
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension UMC Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Monique E. van Wolferen
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Fjodor Yousef Yengej
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension UMC Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Melkert
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension UMC Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Sofia Siti
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension UMC Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Bart de Jong
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension UMC Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Paul J. Besseling
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension UMC Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Bart Spee
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Luc J. W. van der Laan
- Dept of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Marianne C. Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension UMC Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
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Feng D, Zhong G, Zuo Q, Wan Y, Xu W, He C, Lin C, Huang D, Chen F, Huang L. Knockout of ABC transporters by CRISPR/Cas9 contributes to reliable and accurate transporter substrate identification for drug discovery. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1015940. [PMID: 36386127 PMCID: PMC9649518 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1015940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
It is essential to explore the relationship between drugs and transporters in the process of drug development. Strong background signals in nonhuman MDCK or LLC-PK1 cells and overlapping interference of inhibitors or RNAi in human Caco-2 cells mean that an ideal alternative could be to knock out specific transporter genes in Caco-2 cells. However, the application of gene knockout (KO) to Caco-2 cells is challenging because it is still inefficient to obtain rapidly growing Caco-2 subclones with double-allele KO through long-term monoclonal cultivation. Herein, CRISPR/Cas9, a low cost but more efficient and precise gene editing technology, was utilized to singly or doubly knockout the P-gp, BCRP, and MRP2 genes in Caco-2 cells. By combining this with single cell expansion, rapidly growing transporter-deficient subclones were successfully screened and established. Bidirectional transport assays with probe substrates and three protease inhibitors indicated that more reliable and detailed data could be drawn easily with these KO Caco-2 models. The six robust KO Caco-2 subclones could contribute to efficient in vitro drug transport research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Feng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guorui Zhong
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qingxia Zuo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Wan
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanqing Xu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changsheng He
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cailing Lin
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongchao Huang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhen Huang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Hou J, Zhong L, Liu J, Liu F, Xia C. Interaction of the main active components in Shengmai formula mediated by organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115515. [PMID: 35777609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shengmai formula (SMF) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription, which is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Our previous studies have demonstrated that some components in SMF can interact with each other through breast cancer resistance protein, sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide, organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 and 1B3. Organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) is highly expressed in kidney, mediating the elimination of many endogenous and exogenous substances. However, the interaction between the main active components in SMF and OAT1 is not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the interactions of the major bioactive components in SMF mediated by OAT1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four main fractions, namely, ginseng total saponins (GTS), ophiopogon total saponins (OTS), ophiopogon total flavonoids (OTF), fructus schisandrae total lignans (STL), and 12 active components, namely, ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rd and Rb1, ophiopogonin D and D', methylophiopogonanone A and B, schizandrol A and B, schizandrin A and B, were selected to explore the interactions of SMF with OAT1 using cell and rat models. RESULTS The above four main fractions in SMF all exhibited inhibitory effects on the uptake of 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-CF), a classic substrate of OAT1. Among the 12 main effective components, only ginsenoside Re, Rd, and methylophiopogonanone A showed inhibition of 6-CF uptake. Additionally, we found that schizandrin B was transported by HEK293-OAT1 cells, and schizandrin B uptake was markedly inhibited by GTS, OTS, OTF, ginsenoside Re, Rd, and methylophiopogonanone A. In rats, ginsenoside Re, Rd, and methylophiopogonanone A jointly increased the AUC(0-t), AUC(0-∞), and Cmax of schizandrin B, but they decreased its clearance in plasma and excretion in urine. CONCLUSIONS Ginsenoside Re, Rd, and methylophiopogonanone A were the potential inhibitors of OAT1, and may interact with some drugs serving as OAT1 substrates clinically. Schizandrin B was a potential OAT1 substrate, and its OAT1-mediated transport was inhibited by ginsenoside Re, Rd, and methylophiopogonanone A. OAT1-mediated interactions of the main active components in SMF can be regarded as one of the important compatibility mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Hou
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China; Pharmacy Department, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Lanping Zhong
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Jianming Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Fanglan Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Chunhua Xia
- Clinical Pharmacology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China.
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Chhunchha B, Kubo E, Singh DP. Obligatory Role of AMPK Activation and Antioxidant Defense Pathway in the Regulatory Effects of Metformin on Cellular Protection and Prevention of Lens Opacity. Cells 2022; 11:3021. [PMID: 36230981 PMCID: PMC9563310 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing levels of oxidative-stress due to deterioration of the Nrf2 (NFE2-related factor)/ARE (antioxidant response element) pathway is found to be a primary cause of aging pathobiology. Metformin having anti-aging effects can delay/halt aging-related diseases. Herein, using lens epithelial cell lines (LECs) of human (h) or mouse (m) and aging h/m primary LECs along with lenses as model systems, we demonstrated that Metformin could correct deteriorated Bmal1/Nrf2/ARE pathway by reviving AMPK-activation, and transcriptional activities of Bmal1/Nrf2, resulting in increased antioxidants enzymatic activity and expression of Phase II enzymes. This ensued reactive oxygen species (ROS) mitigation with cytoprotection and prevention of lens opacity in response to aging/oxidative stress. It was intriguing to observe that Metformin internalized lens/LECs and upregulated OCTs (Organic Cation Transporters). Mechanistically, we found that Metformin evoked AMPK activation-dependent increase of Bmal1, Nrf2, and antioxidants transcription by promoting direct E-Box and ARE binding of Bmal1 and Nrf2 to the promoters. Loss-of-function and disruption of E-Box/ARE identified that Metformin acted by increasing Bmal1/Nrf2-mediated antioxidant expression. Data showed that AMPK-activation was a requisite for Bmal1/Nrf2-antioxidants-mediated defense, as pharmacologically inactivating AMPK impeded the Metformin's effect. Collectively, the results for the first-time shed light on the hitherto incompletely uncovered crosstalk between the AMPK and Bmal1/Nrf2/antioxidants mediated by Metformin for blunting oxidative/aging-linked pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Chhunchha
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Eri Kubo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 9200293, Japan
| | - Dhirendra P. Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Granados JC, Bhatnagar V, Nigam SK. Blockade of Organic Anion Transport in Humans After Treatment With the Drug Probenecid Leads to Major Metabolic Alterations in Plasma and Urine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2022; 112:653-664. [PMID: 35490380 PMCID: PMC9398954 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Probenecid is used to treat gout and hyperuricemia as well as increase plasma levels of antiviral drugs and antibiotics. In vivo, probenecid mainly inhibits the renal SLC22 organic anion transporters OAT1 (SLC22A6), OAT3 (SLC22A8), and URAT1 (SLC22A12). To understand the endogenous role of these transporters in humans, we administered probenecid to 20 healthy participants and metabolically profiled the plasma and urine before and after dosage. Hundreds of metabolites were significantly altered, indicating numerous drug-metabolite interactions. We focused on potential OAT1 substrates by identifying 97 metabolites that were significantly elevated in the plasma and decreased in the urine, indicating OAT-mediated clearance. These included signaling molecules, antioxidants, and gut microbiome products. In contrast, urate was the only metabolite significantly decreased in the plasma and elevated in the urine, consistent with an effect on renal reuptake by URAT1. Additional support comes from metabolomics analyses of our Oat1 and Oat3 knockout mice, where over 50% of the metabolites that were likely OAT substrates in humans were elevated in the serum of the mice. Fifteen of these compounds were elevated in both knockout mice, whereas six were exclusive to the Oat1 knockout and 4 to the Oat3 knockout. These may be endogenous biomarkers of OAT function. We also propose a probenecid stress test to evaluate kidney proximal tubule organic anion transport function in kidney disease. Consistent with the Remote Sensing and Signaling Theory, the profound changes in metabolite levels following probenecid treatment support the view that SLC22 transporters are hubs in the regulation of systemic human metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffry C. Granados
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - Vibha Bhatnagar
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - Sanjay K. Nigam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
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Pharmacokinetic Interactions between Canagliflozin and Sorafenib or Lenvatinib in Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175419. [PMID: 36080187 PMCID: PMC9457773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are common clinical conditions, and T2DM is an independent risk factor for HCC. Sorafenib and lenvatinib, two multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, are first-line therapies for advanced HCC, while canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, is widely used in the treatment of T2DM. Here, we developed an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of canagliflozin, sorafenib, and lenvatinib, and investigated the pharmacokinetic drug interactions between canagliflozin and sorafenib or lenvatinib in rats. The animals were randomly divided into five groups. Groups I–III were gavage administrated with sorafenib, lenvatinib, and canagliflozin, respectively. Group IV received sorafenib and canagliflozin; while Group V received lenvatinib and canagliflozin. The area under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC) and maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) of canagliflozin increased by 37.6% and 32.8%, respectively, while the apparent volume of distribution (Vz/F) and apparent clearance (CLz/F) of canagliflozin significantly decreased (30.6% and 28.6%, respectively) in the presence of sorafenib. Canagliflozin caused a significant increase in AUC and Cmax of lenvatinib by 28.9% and 36.2%, respectively, and a significant decrease in Vz/F and CLz/F of lenvatinib by 52.9% and 22.7%, respectively. In conclusion, drug interactions exist between canagliflozin and sorafenib or lenvatinib, and these findings provide a reference for the use of these drugs in patients with HCC and T2DM.
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Abdelaal MR, Ibrahim E, Elnagar MR, Soror SH, Haffez H. Augmented Therapeutic Potential of EC-Synthetic Retinoids in Caco-2 Cancer Cells Using an In Vitro Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169442. [PMID: 36012706 PMCID: PMC9409216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer therapies have produced promising clinical responses, but tumor cells rapidly develop resistance to these drugs. It has been previously shown that EC19 and EC23, two EC-synthetic retinoids, have single-agent preclinical anticancer activity in colorectal carcinoma. Here, isobologram analysis revealed that they have synergistic cytotoxicity with retinoic acid receptor (RAR) isoform-selective agonistic retinoids such as AC261066 (RARβ2-selective agonist) and CD437 (RARγ-selective agonist) in Caco-2 cells. This synergism was confirmed by calculating the combination index (lower than 1) and the dose reduction index (higher than 1). Flow cytometry of combinatorial IC50 (the concentration causing 50% cell death) confirmed the cell cycle arrest at the SubG0-G1 phase with potentiated apoptotic and necrotic effects. The reported synergistic anticancer activity can be attributed to their ability to reduce the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters including P-glycoprotein (P-gp1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and multi-drug resistance-associated protein-1 (MRP1) and Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70). This adds up to the apoptosis-promoting activity of EC19 and EC23, as shown by the increased Caspase-3/7 activities and DNA fragmentation leading to DNA double-strand breaks. This study sheds the light on the possible use of EC-synthetic retinoids in the rescue of multi-drug resistance in colorectal cancer using Caco-2 as a model and suggests new promising combinations between different synthetic retinoids. The current in vitro results pave the way for future studies on these compounds as possible cures for colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed R. Abdelaal
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- Center of Scientific Excellence “Helwan Structural Biology Research, (HSBR)”, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Esraa Ibrahim
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- Center of Scientific Excellence “Helwan Structural Biology Research, (HSBR)”, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R. Elnagar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Sameh H. Soror
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- Center of Scientific Excellence “Helwan Structural Biology Research, (HSBR)”, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Hesham Haffez
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- Center of Scientific Excellence “Helwan Structural Biology Research, (HSBR)”, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1094-970-173
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Smajić A, Grandits M, Ecker GF. Using Jupyter Notebooks for re-training machine learning models. J Cheminform 2022; 14:54. [PMID: 35964049 PMCID: PMC9375336 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-022-00635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) models require an extensive, user-driven selection of molecular descriptors in order to learn from chemical structures to predict actives and inactives with a high reliability. In addition, privacy concerns often restrict the access to sufficient data, leading to models with a narrow chemical space. Therefore, we propose a framework of re-trainable models that can be transferred from one local instance to another, and further allow a less extensive descriptor selection. The models are shared via a Jupyter Notebook, allowing the evaluation and implementation of a broader chemical space by keeping most of the tunable parameters pre-defined. This enables the models to be updated in a decentralized, facile, and fast manner. Herein, the method was evaluated with six transporter datasets (BCRP, BSEP, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, MRP3, P-gp), which revealed the general applicability of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljoša Smajić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Grandits
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Insilico validation and comparison of antifungal competence and druglikeness of some natural xanthones – A step towards antimycotic therapeutics. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Pilon MO, Leclair G, Oussaïd E, St-Jean I, Jutras M, Gaulin MJ, Mongrain I, Busseuil D, Rouleau JL, Tardif JC, Dubé MP, de Denus S. An association study of ABCG2 rs2231142 on the concentrations of allopurinol and its metabolites. Clin Transl Sci 2022; 15:2024-2034. [PMID: 35689378 PMCID: PMC9372422 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ABCG2 is a gene that codes for the human breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). It is established that rs2231142 G>T, a single nucleotide polymorphism of the ABCG2 gene, is associated with gout and poor response to allopurinol, a uric acid‐lowering agent used to treat this condition. It has also been suggested that oxypurinol, the primary active metabolite of allopurinol, is a substrate of the BCRP. We thus hypothesized that carrying the rs2231142 variant would be associated with decreased oxypurinol concentrations, which would explain the lower reduction in uric acid. We performed a cross‐sectional study to investigate the association between the ABCG2 rs2231142 variant and oxypurinol, allopurinol, and allopurinol riboside concentrations in 459 participants from the Montreal Heart Institute Hospital Cohort. Age, sex, weight, use of diuretics, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were all significantly associated with oxypurinol plasma concentration. No association was found between rs2231142 and oxypurinol, allopurinol and allopurinol riboside plasma concentrations. Rs2231142 was not significantly associated with daily allopurinol dose in the overall population, but an association was observed in men, with T carriers receiving higher doses. Our results do not support a major role of ABCG2 in the pharmacokinetics of allopurinol or its metabolites. The underlying mechanism of the association between rs2231142 and allopurinol efficacy requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Olivier Pilon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montreal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Grégoire Leclair
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Essaïd Oussaïd
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montreal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle St-Jean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Jutras
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Gaulin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montreal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ian Mongrain
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montreal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Busseuil
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montreal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Lucien Rouleau
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montreal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubé
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montreal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon de Denus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Université de Montreal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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A comprehensive review on acridone based derivatives as future anti-cancer agents and their structure activity relationships. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 239:114527. [PMID: 35717872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The development of drug resistance and severe side-effects has reduced the clinical efficacy of the existing anti-cancer drugs available in the market. Thus, there is always a constant need to develop newer anti-cancer drugs with minimal adverse effects. Researchers all over the world have been focusing on various alternative strategies to discover novel, potent, and target specific molecules for cancer therapy. In this direction, several heterocyclic compounds are being explored but amongst them one promising heterocycle is acridone which has attracted the attention of medicinal chemists and gained huge biological importance as acridones are found to act on different therapeutically proven molecular targets, overcome ABC transporters mediated drug resistance and DNA intercalation in cancer cells. Some of these acridone derivatives have reached clinical studies as these heterocycles have shown huge potential in cancer therapeutics and imaging. Here, the authors have attempted to compile and make some recommendations of acridone based derivatives concerning their cancer biological targets and in vitro-cytotoxicity based on drug design and novelty to increase their therapeutic potential. This review also provides some important insights on the design, receptor targeting and future directions for the development of acridones as possible clinically effective anti-cancer agents.
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Aja PM, Awoke JN, Agu PC, Adegboyega AE, Ezeh EM, Igwenyi IO, Orji OU, Ani OG, Ale BA, Ibiam UA. Hesperidin abrogates bisphenol A endocrine disruption through binding with fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), α-amylase and α-glucosidase: an in silico molecular study. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:84. [PMID: 35648239 PMCID: PMC9160168 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase are key proteins implicated in metabolic dysregulations. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental toxicant known to cause endocrine dysregulations. Hesperidin from citrus is an emerging flavonoid for metabolic diseases management. Through computational approach, we investigated the potentials of hesperidin in abrogating BPA interference in metabolism. The 3D crystal structure of the proteins (FGF-21, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase) and the ligands (BPA and hesperidin) were retrieved from the PDB and PubChem database respectively. Using Autodock plugin Pyrx, molecular docking of the ligands and individual proteins were performed to ascertain their binding affinities and their potentials to compete for the same binding site. Validation of the docking study was considered as the ability of the ligands to bind at the same site of each proteins. The docking poses were visualized using UCSF Chimera and Discovery Studio 2020, respectively to reveal each of the protein-ligands interactions within the binding pockets. Using SwissAdme and AdmeSar servers, we further investigated hesperidin’s ADMET profile. Hesperidin used was purchased commercially. Results Hesperidin and BPA competitively bound to the same site on each protein. Interestingly, hesperidin had greater binding affinities (Kcal/mol) − 5.80, − 9.60, and − 9.60 than BPA (Kcal/mol) − 4.40, − 7.20, − 7.10 for FGF-21, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase respectively. Visualizations of the binding poses showed that hesperidin interacted with stronger bonds than BPA within the proteins’ pockets. Although hesperidin violated Lipinski rule of five, this however can be optimized through structural modifications. Conclusions Hesperidin may be an emerging natural product with promising therapeutic potentials against metabolic and endocrine derangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - J N Awoke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria. .,Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
| | - P C Agu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - A E Adegboyega
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Jos/Jaris Computational Biology Centre, Jos, Nigeria
| | - E M Ezeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - I O Igwenyi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - O U Orji
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - O G Ani
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, United States of America
| | - B A Ale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - U A Ibiam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
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Lai Y, Chu X, Di L, Gao W, Guo Y, Liu X, Lu C, Mao J, Shen H, Tang H, Xia CQ, Zhang L, Ding X. Recent advances in the translation of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics science for drug discovery and development. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:2751-2777. [PMID: 35755285 PMCID: PMC9214059 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) is an important branch of pharmaceutical sciences. The nature of ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) and PK (pharmacokinetics) inquiries during drug discovery and development has evolved in recent years from being largely descriptive to seeking a more quantitative and mechanistic understanding of the fate of drug candidates in biological systems. Tremendous progress has been made in the past decade, not only in the characterization of physiochemical properties of drugs that influence their ADME, target organ exposure, and toxicity, but also in the identification of design principles that can minimize drug-drug interaction (DDI) potentials and reduce the attritions. The importance of membrane transporters in drug disposition, efficacy, and safety, as well as the interplay with metabolic processes, has been increasingly recognized. Dramatic increases in investments on new modalities beyond traditional small and large molecule drugs, such as peptides, oligonucleotides, and antibody-drug conjugates, necessitated further innovations in bioanalytical and experimental tools for the characterization of their ADME properties. In this review, we highlight some of the most notable advances in the last decade, and provide future perspectives on potential major breakthroughs and innovations in the translation of DMPK science in various stages of drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Lai
- Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Chu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Li Di
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Yingying Guo
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46221, USA
| | - Xingrong Liu
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chuang Lu
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Accent Therapeutics, Inc. Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Jialin Mao
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, A Member of the Roche Group, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hong Shen
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Department, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Huaping Tang
- Bioanalysis and Biomarkers, Glaxo Smith Kline, King of the Prussia, PA 19406, USA
| | - Cindy Q. Xia
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, CDER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Xinxin Ding
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Li L, Liu R, Peng C, Chen X, Li J. Pharmacogenomics for the efficacy and side effects of antihistamines. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:993-1004. [PMID: 35538735 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antihistamines, especially H1 antihistamines, are widely used in the treatment of allergic diseases such as urticaria and allergic rhinitis, mainly for reversing elevated histamine and anti-allergic effects. Antihistamines are generally safe, but some patients experience adverse reactions, such as cardiotoxicity, central inhibition, and anticholinergic effects. There are also individual differences in antihistamine efficacy in clinical practice. The concept of individualized medicine has been deeply rooted in people's minds since it was put forward. Pharmacogenomics is the study of the role of inheritance in individual variations in drug response. In recent decades, pharmacogenomics has been developing rapidly, which provides new ideas for individualized medicine. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding metabolic enzymes, transporters, and target receptors have been shown to affect the efficacy of antihistamines. In addition, recent evidence suggests that gene polymorphisms influence urticaria susceptibility and antihistamine therapy. Here, we summarize current reports in this area, aiming to contribute to future research in antihistamines and clinical guidance for antihistamines use in individualized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Runqiu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Gericke B, Wienböker I, Brandes G, Löscher W. Is P-Glycoprotein Functionally Expressed in the Limiting Membrane of Endolysosomes? A Biochemical and Ultrastructural Study in the Rat Liver. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091556. [PMID: 35563868 PMCID: PMC9102269 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The drug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp; ABCB1) plays an important role in drug absorption, disposition, and elimination. There is an ongoing debate whether, in addition to its localization at the plasma membrane, Pgp may also be expressed at the limiting membrane of endolysosomes (ELs), mediating active EL drug sequestration. If true, this would be an important mechanism to prevent drugs from reaching their intracellular targets. However, direct evidence demonstrating the functional expression of Pgp at the limiting membrane of ELs is lacking. This prompted us to perform a biochemical and ultrastructural study on the intracellular localization of Pgp in native rat liver. For this purpose, we established an improved subcellular fractionation procedure for the enrichment of ELs and employed different biochemical and ultrastructural methods to characterize the Pgp localization and function in the enriched EL fractions. Whereas the biochemical methods seemed to indicate that Pgp is functionally expressed at EL limiting membranes, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that this only occurs rarely, if at all. Instead, Pgp was found in the limiting membrane of early endosomes and intraluminal vesicles. In additional TEM experiments, using a Pgp-overexpressing brain microvessel endothelial cell line (hCMEC/D3-MDR1-EGFP), we examined whether Pgp is expressed at the limiting membrane of ELs when cells are exposed to high levels of the Pgp substrate doxorubicin. Pgp was seen in early endosomes but only rarely in endolysosomes, whereas Pgp immunogold labeling was detected in large autophagosomes. In summary, our data demonstrate the importance of combining biochemical and ultrastructural methods to investigate the relationship between Pgp localization and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birthe Gericke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (B.G.); (I.W.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Inka Wienböker
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (B.G.); (I.W.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gudrun Brandes
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Löscher
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (B.G.); (I.W.)
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Dong J, Liu Y, Li L, Ding Y, Qian J, Jiao Z. Interactions between meropenem and renal drug transporters. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:423-431. [PMID: 35490314 DOI: 10.2174/1389200223666220428081109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meropenem is a carbapenem antibiotic and commonly used with other antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections. It is primarily eliminated renally by glomerular filtration and renal tubular secretion. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the roles of renal uptake and efflux transporters in the excretion of meropenem and potential drug interactions mediated by renal drug transporters. METHOD Uptake and inhibition studies were conducted in human embryonic kidney 293 cells stably transfected with organic anion transporter (OAT) 1, OAT3, multidrug and toxin extrusion protein (MATE) 1 and MATE2K, as well as membrane vesicles containing breast cancer resistance-related protein (BCRP), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2). Probenecid and piperacillin were used to assess potential drug interactions with meropenem in rats. RESULTS We observed that meropenem was a low-affinity substrate of OAT1/3 and had a weak inhibitory effect on OAT1/3 and MATE2K. BCRP, MDR1, MRP2, MATE1 and MATE2K could not mediate renal excretion of meropenem. Moreover, meropenem was not an inhibitor of BCRP, MDR1, MRP2 or MATE1. Among five tested antibiotics, moderate inhibition on OAT3-mediated meropenem uptake was observed for linezolid (IC50 value was 69.2 μM), weak inhibition was observed for piperacillin, benzylpenicillin and tazobactam (IC50 values were 282.2, 308.0 and 668.1 μM, respectively), and no inhibition was observed for sulbactam. Although piperacillin had a relatively high drug-drug interaction index (ratio of maximal unbound plasma concentration to IC50 was 1.42) in vitro, it had no meaningful impact on the pharmacokinetics of meropenem in rats. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that clinically significant interactions between meropenem and these five antibiotics are low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Longxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Yunhe Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 219 Miaopu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Zheng Jiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, 241 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai 200030, China
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Hove VN, Anderson K, Hayden ER, Pasquariello KZ, Gibson AA, Shen S, Qu J, Jin Y, Miecznikowski JC, Hu S, Sprowl JA. Influence of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition on OATP1B3-mediated Uptake. Mol Pharmacol 2022; 101:381-389. [PMID: 35383108 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatic uptake transporter, OATP1B3, has a broad substrate recognition and plays a significant role in regulating elimination of endogenous biomolecules or xenobiotics via the liver. OATP1B3 works in tandem with OATP1B1, with which it shares approximately 80% sequence homology and a high degree of substrate overlap. Despite some substrates being recognized solely by OATP1B3, its ability to compensate for loss of OATP1B1-mediated elimination, and recognition by regulatory agencies, little is known about OATP1B3 regulatory factors and how they are involved with drug-drug interaction (DDIs). It was recently discovered that OATP1B1 function is mediated by the activity of a particular tyrosine kinase that is sensitive to a variety of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study reports that OATP1B3 is similarly regulated, as at least 50% of its activity is reduced by 22 FDA approved TKIs. Nilotinib was assessed as the most potent OATP1B3 inhibitor among the investigated TKIs, which can occur at clinically relevant concentrations and acted predominantly through non-competitive inhibition without impacting membrane expression. Finally, OATP1B3 function was determined to be sensitive to the knockdown of LYN, a Src kinase that is sensitive to nilotinib and has been previously implicated in mediating OATP1B1 activity. Collectively, our findings identify tyrosine kinase activity as a major regulator of OATP1B3 function which is sensitive to kinase inhibition. Given that OATP1B1 is similarly regulated, simultaneous disruption of these transporters can have drastic effects on systemic drug concentrations which would promote adverse events. Significance Statement Despite the importance of OATP1B3 as a critical facilitator of hepatic drug elimination, much is unknown of how OATP1B3 activity is mediated, or how such regulators contribute to drug-drug interactions. The current study reports that OATP1B3 activity is dependent on the Src kinase LYN, which is sensitive to numerous tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The findings provide mechanistic insight into the occurrence of many clinical drug-drug interactions, and a rationale for future study of tyrosine kinase activity regulating drug disposition or transport.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jun Qu
- University of Buffalo, United States
| | - Yan Jin
- The Ohio State University, United States
| | | | | | - Jason A Sprowl
- School of Pharmacy, University of Buffalo, United States
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