1
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Nguyen XA, Le LV, Kim SH, Kim YD, Diware MS, Kim TJ, Kim YD. Temperature dependence of the dielectric function and critical points of monolayer WSe 2. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13486. [PMID: 38866902 PMCID: PMC11169377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Monolayer materials typically display intriguing temperature-dependent dielectric and optical properties, which are crucial for improving the structure and functionality of associated devices. Due to its unique photoelectric capabilities, monolayer WSe2 has recently received a lot of attention in the fields of atomically thin electronics and optoelectronics. In this work, we focus on the evolution of the temperature-dependent dielectric function (ε = ε1 + i ε2) of monolayer WSe2 over energies from 0.74 to 6.40 eV and temperatures from 40 to 350 K. We analyze the second derivatives of ε with respect to energy to accurately locate the critical points (CP). The dependence of the observed CP energies on temperature is consistent with the alternative domination of the declining exciton binding energy as the temperature increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Au Nguyen
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Long V Le
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Suk Hyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Duck Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Mangesh S Diware
- Advanced Research Center, Parksystems Co., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jung Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Dong Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Meng Y, Zhong H, Xu Z, He T, Kim JS, Han S, Kim S, Park S, Shen Y, Gong M, Xiao Q, Bae SH. Functionalizing nanophotonic structures with 2D van der Waals materials. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:1345-1365. [PMID: 37608742 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00246b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The integration of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials with nanostructures has triggered a wide spectrum of optical and optoelectronic applications. Photonic structures of conventional materials typically lack efficient reconfigurability or multifunctionality. Atomically thin 2D materials can thus generate new functionality and reconfigurability for a well-established library of photonic structures such as integrated waveguides, optical fibers, photonic crystals, and metasurfaces, to name a few. Meanwhile, the interaction between light and van der Waals materials can be drastically enhanced as well by leveraging micro-cavities or resonators with high optical confinement. The unique van der Waals surfaces of the 2D materials enable handiness in transfer and mixing with various prefabricated photonic templates with high degrees of freedom, functionalizing as the optical gain, modulation, sensing, or plasmonic media for diverse applications. Here, we review recent advances in synergizing 2D materials to nanophotonic structures for prototyping novel functionality or performance enhancements. Challenges in scalable 2D materials preparations and transfer, as well as emerging opportunities in integrating van der Waals building blocks beyond 2D materials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Meng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Hongkun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhihao Xu
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tiantian He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Justin S Kim
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sangmoon Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Sunok Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Seoungwoong Park
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yijie Shen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mali Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qirong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Sang-Hoon Bae
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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3
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Zhang J, Kang Y, Guo X, Li Y, Liu K, Xie Y, Wu H, Cai D, Gong J, Shi Z, Jin Y, Wang P, Fang W, Zhang L, Tong L. High-power continuous-wave optical waveguiding in a silica micro/nanofibre. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:89. [PMID: 37029112 PMCID: PMC10082085 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As miniature fibre-optic platforms, micro/nanofibres (MNFs) taper-drawn from silica fibres have been widely studied for applications from optical sensing, nonlinear optics to optomechanics and atom optics. While continuous-wave (CW) optical waveguiding is frequently adopted, so far almost all MNFs are operated in low-power region (e.g., <0.1 W). Here, we demonstrate high-power low-loss CW optical waveguiding in MNFs around 1550-nm wavelength. We show that a pristine MNF, even with a diameter down to 410 nm, can waveguide an optical power higher than 10 W, which is about 30 times higher than demonstrated previously. Also, we predict an optical damage threshold of 70 W. In high-power CW waveguiding MNFs, we demonstrate high-speed optomechanical driving of microparticles in air, and second harmonic generation efficiency higher than those pumped by short pulses. Our results may pave a way towards high-power MNF optics, for both scientific research and technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Kang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China.
- Intelligent Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Institute of Zhejiang University, 314000, Jiaxing, China.
| | - Yuhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Keying Liu
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dawei Cai
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jue Gong
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangxing Shi
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Jin
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
- Intelligent Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Institute of Zhejiang University, 314000, Jiaxing, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
- Intelligent Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Institute of Zhejiang University, 314000, Jiaxing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, 311121, Hangzhou, China
| | - Limin Tong
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China.
- Intelligent Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Institute of Zhejiang University, 314000, Jiaxing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, China.
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4
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Linghu S, Ma Y, Gu Z, Zhu R, Liu Y, Liu H, Gu F. Thermal-mechanical-photo-activation effect on silica micro/nanofiber surfaces: origination, reparation and utilization. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:22755-22767. [PMID: 36224966 DOI: 10.1364/oe.460793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The exploration relevant to the surface changes on optical micro- and nanofibers (MNFs) is still in infancy, and the reported original mechanisms remain long-standing puzzles. Here, by recognizing the combined interactions between fiber heating, mechanically tapering, and high-power pulsed laser guiding processes in MNFs, we establish a general thermal-mechanical-photo-activation mechanism that can explain the surface changes on MNFs. Our proposed activation mechanism can be well supported by the systematical experimental results using high-intensity nanosecond/femtosecond pulsed lasers. Especially we find large bump-like nanoscale cavities on the fracture ends of thin MNFs. Theoretically, on the basis of greatly increased bond energy activated by the fiber heating and mechanically tapering processes, the energy needed to break the silicon-oxygen bond into dangling bonds is significantly reduced from its intrinsic bandgap of ∼9 eV to as low as ∼4.0 eV, thus high-power pulsed lasers with much smaller photon energy can induce obvious surface changes on MNFs via multi-photon absorption. Finally, we demonstrate that using surfactants can repair the MNF surfaces and exploit them in promising applications ranging from sensing and optoelectronics to nonlinear optics. Our results pave the way for future preventing the performances from degradation and enabling the practical MNF-based device applications.
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5
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Liu Y, Shen T, Linghu S, Zhu R, Gu F. Electrostatic control of photoluminescence from A and B excitons in monolayer molybdenum disulfide. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:2484-2493. [PMID: 36134134 PMCID: PMC9419104 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00071g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring excitonic photoluminescence (PL) in molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is critical for its various applications. Although significant efforts have been devoted to enhancing the PL intensity of monolayer MoS2, simultaneous tailoring of emission from both A excitons and B excitons remains largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that both A-excitonic and B-excitonic PL of chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown monolayer MoS2 can be tuned by electrostatic doping in air. Our results indicate that the B-excitonic PL changed in the opposite direction compared to A-excitonic PL when a gate voltage (V g) was applied, both in S-rich and Mo-rich monolayer MoS2. Through the combination of gas adsorption and electrostatic doping, a 12-fold enhancement of the PL intensity for A excitons in Mo-rich monolayer MoS2 was achieved at V g = -40 V, and a 26-fold enhancement for the ratio of B/A excitonic PL was observed at V g = +40 V. Our results demonstrate not only the control of the conversion between A0 and A-, but also the modulation of intravalley and intervalley conversion between A excitons and B excitons. With electrostatic electron doping, the population of B excitons can be promoted due to the enhanced intravalley and intervalley transition process through electron-phonon coupling. The electrostatic control of excitonic PL has potential applications in exciton physics and valleytronics involving the B excitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Liu
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology China
| | - Tianci Shen
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology China
| | - Shuangyi Linghu
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology China
| | - Ruilin Zhu
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology China
| | - Fuxing Gu
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology China
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6
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Yan Z, Wang J, Wang C, Yu R, Shi L, Xiao L. Optical microfibers integrated with evanescent field triggered self-growing polymer nanofilms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:18044-18053. [PMID: 36221612 DOI: 10.1364/oe.460354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid optical fibers have been widely investigated in different architectures to build integrated fiber photonic devices and achieve various applications. Here we proposed and fabricated hybrid microfiber waveguides with self-growing polymer nanofilms on the surfaces of microfibers triggered by evanescent field of light for the first time. We have demonstrated the polymer nanofilm of ∼50 nm can be grown on the microfiber with length up to 15 mm. In addition, the roughness of nanofilm can be optimized by controlling the triggering laser power and exposure duration, and the total transmission loss of the fabricated hybrid microfiber is less than 2 dB within a wide wavelength range. The hybrid polymer nanofilm microfiber waveguides have been characterized and their relative humidity (RH) responses have also been tested, indicating a potential for RH sensing. Our fabrication method may also be extended to construct the hybrid microfibers with different functional photopolymer materials.
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7
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Huang L, Krasnok A, Alú A, Yu Y, Neshev D, Miroshnichenko AE. Enhanced light-matter interaction in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:046401. [PMID: 34939940 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac45f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials, such as MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2, have received extensive attention in the past decade due to their extraordinary electronic, optical and thermal properties. They evolve from indirect bandgap semiconductors to direct bandgap semiconductors while their layer number is reduced from a few layers to a monolayer limit. Consequently, there is strong photoluminescence in a monolayer (1L) TMDC due to the large quantum yield. Moreover, such monolayer semiconductors have two other exciting properties: large binding energy of excitons and valley polarization. These properties make them become ideal materials for various electronic, photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, their performance is limited by the relatively weak light-matter interactions due to their atomically thin form factor. Resonant nanophotonic structures provide a viable way to address this issue and enhance light-matter interactions in 2D TMDCs. Here, we provide an overview of this research area, showcasing relevant applications, including exotic light emission, absorption and scattering features. We start by overviewing the concept of excitons in 1L-TMDC and the fundamental theory of cavity-enhanced emission, followed by a discussion on the recent progress of enhanced light emission, strong coupling and valleytronics. The atomically thin nature of 1L-TMDC enables a broad range of ways to tune its electric and optical properties. Thus, we continue by reviewing advances in TMDC-based tunable photonic devices. Next, we survey the recent progress in enhanced light absorption over narrow and broad bandwidths using 1L or few-layer TMDCs, and their applications for photovoltaics and photodetectors. We also review recent efforts of engineering light scattering, e.g., inducing Fano resonances, wavefront engineering in 1L or few-layer TMDCs by either integrating resonant structures, such as plasmonic/Mie resonant metasurfaces, or directly patterning monolayer/few layers TMDCs. We then overview the intriguing physical properties of different van der Waals heterostructures, and their applications in optoelectronic and photonic devices. Finally, we draw our opinion on potential opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Huang
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, United States of America
| | - Andrea Alú
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, United States of America
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Yiling Yu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - Dragomir Neshev
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Andrey E Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
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8
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Li C, Zhao L, Shang Q, Wang R, Bai P, Zhang J, Gao Y, Cao Q, Wei Z, Zhang Q. Room-temperature Near-infrared Excitonic Lasing from Mechanically Exfoliated InSe Microflake. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1477-1485. [PMID: 34928140 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of chip-level near-infrared laser sources using two-dimensional semiconductors is imperative to maintain the architecture of van der Waals integrated optical interconnections. However, the established two-dimensional semiconductor lasers may have either the disadvantages of poor controllability of monolayered gain media, large optical losses on silicon, or complicated fabrication of external optical microcavities. This study demonstrates room-temperature near-infrared lasing from mechanically exfoliated γ-phase indium selenide (InSe) microflakes free from external optical microcavities at a center wavelength of ∼1030 nm. The lasing action occurs at the sub-Mott density level and is generated by exciton-exciton scattering with a high net modal optical gain of ∼1029 cm-1. Moreover, the lasing is sustained for microdisks fabricated by a simple laser printing with a reduced threshold. These results suggest that InSe is a promising material for near-infrared microlasers and can be employed in a wide range of applications, including imaging, sensing, and optical interconnects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiuyu Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Peng Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhongming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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9
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Wang R, Hunter N, Zobeiri H, Xu S, Wang X. Critical Problems Faced in Raman-based Energy Transport Characterization of Nanomaterials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22390-22404. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02126a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades, tremendous research has been conducted on discovery, design and synthesis, characterization, and applications of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Thermal conductivity and interface thermal conductance/resistance of 2D...
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10
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Yu JX, Xing S, Dai GY, Ling-Hu SY, Gu FX. Direct-Bandgap Bilayer WSe 2 /Microsphere Monolithic Cavity for Low-Threshold Lasing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106502. [PMID: 34750894 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as widely accepted 2D gain materials in the field of light sources owing to their direct bandgap and high photoluminescence quantum yield. However, the monolayer medium suffers from weak emission because only a single layer of molecules can absorb the pump energy. Moreover, the material degradation when transferring these fragile materials hinders their cooperation with the optical cavity further. In this study, for the first time, a high-quality monolithic structure is developed by directly growing single-domain tungsten diselenide (WSe2 ) bilayers on single silica microsphere (MS) cavities. Such a completely wrapped structure guides the indirect-to-direct bandgap transition of WSe2 bilayers, leading to a significantly improved photoluminescence intensity by about 60-fold. Moreover, the high-quality monolithic structure enhances the confinement factor of the cavity by more than 20-fold. Based on the above advantages, a bilayer WSe2 /MS microlaser is realized with an ultralow threshold of 0.72 W cm-2 , nearly an order of magnitude lower than the existing records. The results demonstrate the possibility of using multilayer TMD materials as 2D gain media and provide insights into a new ultracompact monolithic platform of TMD material/cavity for lasing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Yu
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Xing
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Yu Dai
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Yi Ling-Hu
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Xing Gu
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China
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11
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Shi B, Gan X, Lang H, Zou K, Wang L, Sun J, Lu Y, Peng Y. Ultra-low friction and patterning on atomically thin MoS 2via electronic tight-binding. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16860-16871. [PMID: 34673873 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04252a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is well known for its excellent lubrication characteristics and is usually used as a solid lubricant in diverse micro/nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS). The friction on atomically thin MoS2 deposited on a SiO2/Si substrate is reduced almost five times to achieve an ultra-low friction state (coefficient of friction nearly 0.0045) by rubbing the surface with an AFM tip under the electric field. The electric field leads to a shift and accumulation of charges at the interface between MoS2 and the SiO2/Si substrate. Then, electronic tight-binding with high interfacial bonding strength is experimentally found by the charges transferring during the rubbing process. The ultra-low friction state of atomically thin MoS2 could attribute to the electronic tight-binding between MoS2 and the SiO2/Si substrate, which suppresses the atomic-scale deformation and limits the local pinning capability of MoS2. The ultra-low friction state on atomically thin MoS2 is patterned further by controllably regulating position, time, and electric field during the rubbing process. This approach can provide an additional channel to achieve ultra-low friction on MoS2 related two-dimensional materials with semiconductor properties. The nanopatterning of ultra-low friction could promote and expand engineering applications of MoS2 as lubricants in various MEMS/NEMS with nano-scale components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shi
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xuehui Gan
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Haojie Lang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Kun Zou
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Linfeng Wang
- College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Junhui Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yangyang Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yitian Peng
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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12
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Wang Z, Cao Q, Sotthewes K, Hu Y, Shin HS, Eigler S. Interlayer electron modulation in van der Waals heterostructures assembled by stacking monolayer MoS 2 onto monolayer graphene with different electron transfer ability. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:15464-15470. [PMID: 34505854 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03708k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Achieving tunable optoelectronic properties and clarifying interlayer interactions are key challenges in the development of 2D heterostructures. Herein, we report the feasible modulation of the optoelectronic properties of monolayer MoS2 (1L-MoS2) on three different graphene monolayers with varying ability in extracting electrons. Monolayer oxygen-functionalized graphene (1L-oxo-G, a high amount of oxygen of 60%) with a work function (WF) of 5.67 eV and its lowly oxidized reduction product, namely reduced-oxo-G (1L-r-oxo-G, a low amount of oxygen of 0.1%), with a WF of 5.85 eV serving as hole injection layers significantly enhance the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of MoS2, whereas pristine monolayer graphene (1L-G) with a work function (WF) of 5.02 eV results in PL quenching of MoS2. The enhancement in the PL intensity is due to increase of neutral exciton recombination. Furthermore, 1L-r-oxo-G/MoS2 exhibited a higher increase (5-fold) in PL than 1L-oxo-G/MoS2 (3-fold). Our research can help modulate the carrier concentration and electronic type of 1L-MoS2 and has promising applications in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Low-Dimensional Carbon and 2D Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Qing Cao
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Kai Sotthewes
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Yalei Hu
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hyeon S Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Low-Dimensional Carbon and 2D Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Siegfried Eigler
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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13
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Yang X, Wen L, Yan J, Bao Y, Chen Q, Camposeo A, Pisignano D, Li B. Energy Dissipation and Asymmetric Excitation in Hybrid Waveguides for Routing and Coloring. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7034-7040. [PMID: 34286984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of optical signals from an external light source to a nanoscale waveguide is highly important for the development of nanophotonic circuits. However, the efficient coupling of external light energy into nanophotonic components is difficult and still remains a challenge. Herein, we use an external silica nanofiber to light up an organic-inorganic hybrid nanowaveguide, namely, a system composed of a polymer filament doped with MoS2 quantum dots. Nanofiber-excited nanowaveguides in a crossed geometry are found to asymmetrically couple excitation signals along two opposite directions, with different energy dissipation resulting in different colors of the light emitted by MoS2 quantum dots and collected from the waveguide terminals. Interestingly, rainbow-like light in the hybrid waveguide is achieved by three-in-one mixing of red, green, and blue components. This heterodimensional system of dots in waveguide represents a significant advance toward all-optical routing and full-color display in integrated nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianguang Yang
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Long Wen
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jiahao Yan
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yanjun Bao
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Andrea Camposeo
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Dario Pisignano
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Baojun Li
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
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14
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Liu Y, Gu F. A wafer-scale synthesis of monolayer MoS 2 and their field-effect transistors toward practical applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2117-2138. [PMID: 36133770 PMCID: PMC9419721 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01043j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has attracted considerable research interest as a promising candidate for downscaling integrated electronics due to the special two-dimensional structure and unique physicochemical properties. However, it is still challenging to achieve large-area MoS2 monolayers with desired material quality and electrical properties to fulfill the requirement for practical applications. Recently, a variety of investigations have focused on wafer-scale monolayer MoS2 synthesis with high-quality. The 2D MoS2 field-effect transistor (MoS2-FET) array with different configurations utilizes the high-quality MoS2 film as channels and exhibits favorable performance. In this review, we illustrated the latest research advances in wafer-scale monolayer MoS2 synthesis by different methods, including Au-assisted exfoliation, CVD, thin film sulfurization, MOCVD, ALD, VLS method, and the thermolysis of thiosalts. Then, an overview of MoS2-FET developments was provided based on large-area MoS2 film with different device configurations and performances. The different applications of MoS2-FET in logic circuits, basic memory devices, and integrated photodetectors were also summarized. Lastly, we considered the perspective and challenges based on wafer-scale monolayer MoS2 synthesis and MoS2-FET for developing practical applications in next-generation integrated electronics and flexible optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Liu
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Fuxing Gu
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China
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15
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Chen JH, Xiong YF, Xu F, Lu YQ. Silica optical fiber integrated with two-dimensional materials: towards opto-electro-mechanical technology. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:78. [PMID: 33854031 PMCID: PMC8046821 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the integration of graphene and related two-dimensional (2D) materials in optical fibers have stimulated significant advances in all-fiber photonics and optoelectronics. The conventional passive silica fiber devices with 2D materials are empowered for enhancing light-matter interactions and are applied for manipulating light beams in respect of their polarization, phase, intensity and frequency, and even realizing the active photo-electric conversion and electro-optic modulation, which paves a new route to the integrated multifunctional all-fiber optoelectronic system. This article reviews the fast-progress field of hybrid 2D-materials-optical-fiber for the opto-electro-mechanical devices. The challenges and opportunities in this field for future development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Chen
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yi-Feng Xiong
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yan-Qing Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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16
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Linghu S, Gu Z, Lu J, Fang W, Yang Z, Yu H, Li Z, Zhu R, Peng J, Zhan Q, Zhuang S, Gu M, Gu F. Plasmon-driven nanowire actuators for on-chip manipulation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:385. [PMID: 33452266 PMCID: PMC7810692 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20683-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemically synthesized metal nanowires are promising building blocks for next-generation photonic integrated circuits, but technological implementation in monolithic integration will be severely hampered by the lack of controllable and precise manipulation approaches, due to the strong adhesion of nanowires to substrates in non-liquid environments. Here, we demonstrate this obstacle can be removed by our proposed earthworm-like peristaltic crawling motion mechanism, based on the synergistic expansion, friction, and contraction in plasmon-driven metal nanowires in non-liquid environments. The evanescently excited surface plasmon greatly enhances the heating effect in metal nanowires, thereby generating surface acoustic waves to drive the nanowires crawling along silica microfibres. Advantages include sub-nanometer positioning accuracy, low actuation power, and self-parallel parking. We further demonstrate on-chip manipulations including transporting, positioning, orientation, and sorting, with on-situ operation, high selectivity, and great versatility. Our work paves the way to realize full co-integration of various functionalized photonic components on single chips. Implementing metal nanowires in photonic circuits is challenging due to lack of suitable manipulation techniques. Here, the authors present an earthworm-like peristaltic crawling motion mechanism, based on surface plasmons and surface acoustic waves, and show on-chip manipulations of single nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyi Linghu
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System (Ministry of Education), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqi Gu
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System (Ministry of Education), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongyin Yang
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Huakang Yu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, 510641, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, 510641, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runlin Zhu
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System (Ministry of Education), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System (Ministry of Education), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiwen Zhan
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System (Ministry of Education), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China.,Department of Electro-Optics and Photonics, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA
| | - Songlin Zhuang
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System (Ministry of Education), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Gu
- Centre for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuxing Gu
- Laboratory of Integrated Opto-Mechanics and Electronics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System (Ministry of Education), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Lu H, Yue Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zeng W, Gan X, Mao D, Xiao F, Mei T, Zhao W, Wang X, Gu M, Zhao J. Magnetic plasmon resonances in nanostructured topological insulators for strongly enhanced light-MoS 2 interactions. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:191. [PMID: 33298827 PMCID: PMC7680790 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonances not only play crucial roles in artificial magnetic materials but also offer a promising way for light control and interaction with matter. Recently, magnetic resonance effects have attracted special attention in plasmonic systems for overcoming magnetic response saturation at high frequencies and realizing high-performance optical functionalities. As novel states of matter, topological insulators (TIs) present topologically protected conducting surfaces and insulating bulks in a broad optical range, providing new building blocks for plasmonics. However, until now, high-frequency (e.g. visible range) magnetic resonances and related applications have not been demonstrated in TI systems. Herein, we report for the first time, to our knowledge, a kind of visible range magnetic plasmon resonances (MPRs) in TI structures composed of nanofabricated Sb2Te3 nanogrooves. The experimental results show that the MPR response can be tailored by adjusting the nanogroove height, width, and pitch, which agrees well with the simulations and theoretical calculations. Moreover, we innovatively integrated monolayer MoS2 onto a TI nanostructure and observed strongly reinforced light-MoS2 interactions induced by a significant MPR-induced electric field enhancement, remarkable compared with TI-based electric plasmon resonances (EPRs). The MoS2 photoluminescence can be flexibly tuned by controlling the incident light polarization. These results enrich TI optical physics and applications in highly efficient optical functionalities as well as artificial magnetic materials at high frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, Xi'an, China.
| | - Zengji Yue
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Yangwu Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, Xi'an, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Center for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mingwen Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuetao Gan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, Xi'an, China
| | - Fajun Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Mei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiyao Zhao
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Min Gu
- Center for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianlin Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, Xi'an, China.
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18
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Baral M, Krishna Prasad S, Bhat SA, Nayak RA, Yelamaggad CV. Conjunctive Photoluminescence Enhancement Through Plasmonic and Photonic Band‐Gap Pathways in a Chiral Self‐Assembled System. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marlin Baral
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences Jalahalli, Bangalore 560013 India
- Mangalore University Mangalagangotri, Karnataka India
| | - S. Krishna Prasad
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences Jalahalli, Bangalore 560013 India
| | - Sachin A. Bhat
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences Jalahalli, Bangalore 560013 India
- Mangalore University Mangalagangotri, Karnataka India
| | - Rashmi A. Nayak
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune, Maharastra 411008 India
| | - C. V. Yelamaggad
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences Jalahalli, Bangalore 560013 India
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