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Yang B, Xiang Z. Nanostructure Engineering of Cathode Layers in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: From Catalysts to Membrane Electrode Assembly. ACS NANO 2024; 18:11598-11630. [PMID: 38669279 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the core component of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), which is the place where the reaction occurrence, the multiphase material transfer and the energy conversion, and the development of MEA with high activity and long stability are crucial for the practical application of PEMFCs. Currently, efforts are devoted to developing the regulation of MEA nanostructure engineering, which is believed to have advantages in improving catalyst utilization, maximizing three-phase boundaries, enhancing mass transport, and improving operational stability. This work reviews recent research progress on platinum group metal (PGM) and PGM-free catalysts with multidimensional nanostructures, catalyst layers (CLs), and nano-MEAs for PEMFCs, emphasizing the importance of structure-function relationships, aiming to guide the further development of the performance for PEMFCs. Then the design strategy of the MEA interface is summarized systematically. In addition, the application of in situ and operational characterization techniques to adequately identify current density distributions, hot spots, and water management visualization of MEAs is also discussed. Finally, the limitations of nanostructured MEA research are discussed and future promising research directions are proposed. This paper aims to provide valuable insights into the fundamental science and technical engineering of efficient MEA interfaces for PEMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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2
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Zhao YH, Xia RZ, Liang B, Gao ZW, Song ZY, Yang M, Chen SH, Li PH, Xiao X, Huang XJ. Highly Accurate Determination of the Total Amount of Pb 2+ and Pb(OH) + in a Natural Water Environment Revealed by Dynamic Simulation and DFT Calculation: Benefit from the Electron Inverse Effect of Pt Nanoclusters over Defective g-C 3N 4. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5232-5241. [PMID: 38447030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Although utilizing nanomaterial-modified electrodes for lead ion detection has achieved great success, most of them are carried out under acidic conditions and ignore the variation of Pb(II) speciation at different pH conditions, leading to the potential inaccuracy of Pb(II) detection in a neutral natural water environment. Thus, designing a novel catalyst with high accuracy for the detection of various forms of the total amount of Pb(II) (Pb2+ and Pb(OH)+) in neutral waters is significant. Herein, Pt nanoclusters (Pt NCs) were elaborately constructed and stabilized on the Co single-atom-doped g-C3N4 with abundant N vacancies (Pt NCs/VN-C3N4), which achieved the ultrasensitive detection (102.16 μM μA-1) of Pb(II) in neutral conditions. The dynamic simulation and theoretical calculations reveal that the parallel deposition of Pb2+ and Pb(OH)+ occurs on the electrode surface modified by Pt NCs/VN-C3N4, and the current peaks of Pb(II) are cocontributed by Pb2+ and Pb(OH)+ species. An "electron inverse" phenomenon in Pt NCs/VN-C3N4 from the VN-C3N4 substrate to Pt NCs endows Pt NCs in an electron-rich state, serving as active centers to promote rapid and efficient reduction for both Pb2+ and Pb(OH)+, facilitating the accurate detection of the total amount of Pb(II) in all forms in the actual water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Huan Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, and Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Institute of Environmental Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Ze Xia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, and Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, and Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, and Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Yin Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, and Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Meng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, and Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- Institute of Environmental Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, and Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Pei-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, and Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Jiu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, and Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Institute of Environmental Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, P. R. China
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Ahn J, Jang H, Jeong Y, Choi S, Ko J, Hwang SH, Jeong J, Jung YS, Park I. Illuminating Recent Progress in Nanotransfer Printing: Core Principles, Emerging Applications, and Future Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303704. [PMID: 38032705 PMCID: PMC10767444 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
As the demand for diverse nanostructures in physical/chemical devices continues to rise, the development of nanotransfer printing (nTP) technology is receiving significant attention due to its exceptional throughput and ease of use. Over the past decade, researchers have attempted to enhance the diversity of materials and substrates used in transfer processes as well as to improve the resolution, reliability, and scalability of nTP. Recent research on nTP has made continuous progress, particularly using the control of the interfacial adhesion force between the donor mold, target material, and receiver substrate, and numerous practical nTP methods with niche applications have been demonstrated. This review article offers a comprehensive analysis of the chronological advancements in nTP technology and categorizes recent strategies targeted for high-yield and versatile printing based on controlling the relative adhesion force depending on interfacial layers. In detail, the advantages and challenges of various nTP approaches are discussed based on their working mechanisms, and several promising solutions to improve morphological/material diversity are presented. Furthermore, this review provides a summary of potential applications of nanostructured devices, along with perspectives on the outlook and remaining challenges, which are expected to facilitate the continued progress of nTP technology and to inspire future innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junseong Ahn
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing TechnologyKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)Daejeon34103Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhwi Jang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Yongrok Jeong
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Manufacturing TechnologyKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)Daejeon34103Republic of Korea
- Radioisotope Research DivisionKorea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)Daejeon34057Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsu Choi
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Ko
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyoung Hwang
- Department of Nano Manufacturing TechnologyKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)Daejeon34103Republic of Korea
| | - Jun‐Ho Jeong
- Department of Nano Manufacturing TechnologyKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM)Daejeon34103Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Sik Jung
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
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4
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Song M, Kim Y, Baek DS, Kim HY, Gu DH, Li H, Cunning BV, Yang SE, Heo SH, Lee S, Kim M, Lim JS, Jeong HY, Yoo JW, Joo SH, Ruoff RS, Kim JY, Son JS. 3D microprinting of inorganic porous materials by chemical linking-induced solidification of nanocrystals. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8460. [PMID: 38123571 PMCID: PMC10733400 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) microprinting is considered a next-generation manufacturing process for the production of microscale components; however, the narrow range of suitable materials, which include mainly polymers, is a critical issue that limits the application of this process to functional inorganic materials. Herein, we develop a generalised microscale 3D printing method for the production of purely inorganic nanocrystal-based porous materials. Our process is designed to solidify all-inorganic nanocrystals via immediate dispersibility control and surface linking-induced interconnection in the nonsolvent linker bath and thereby creates multibranched gel networks. The process works with various inorganic materials, including metals, semiconductors, magnets, oxides, and multi-materials, not requiring organic binders or stereolithographic equipment. Filaments with a diameter of sub-10 μm are printed into designed complex 3D microarchitectures, which exhibit full nanocrystal functionality and high specific surface areas as well as hierarchical porous structures. This approach provides the platform technology for designing functional inorganics-based porous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkyum Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Du San Baek
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Young Kim
- Hydrogen·Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 14-gil 5 Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hwi Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin V Cunning
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwae Heo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyuk Kim
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - June Sung Lim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu Young Jeong
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Rodney S Ruoff
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Hydrogen·Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 14-gil 5 Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Sung Son
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Jang S, Kang YS, Kim D, Park S, Seol C, Lee S, Kim SM, Yoo SJ. Multiscale Architectured Membranes, Electrodes, and Transport Layers for Next-Generation Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2204902. [PMID: 36222387 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, considerable advances have been achieved in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) based on the development of material technology. Recently, an emerging multiscale architecturing technology covering nanometer, micrometer, and millimeter scales has been regarded as an alternative strategy to overcome the hindrance to achieving high-performance and reliable PEMFCs. This review summarizes the recent progress in the key components of PEMFCs based on a novel architecture strategy. In the first section, diverse architectural methods for patterning the membrane surface with random, single-scale, and multiscale structures as well as their efficacy for improving catalyst utilization, charge transport, and water management are discussed. In the subsequent section, the electrode structures designed with 1D and 3D multiscale structures to enable low Pt usage, improve oxygen transport, and achieve high electrode durability are elucidated. Finally, recent advances in the architectured transport layer for improving mass transportation including pore gradient, perforation, and patterned wettability for gas diffusion layer and 3D structured/engineered flow fields are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Segeun Jang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Sik Kang
- Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohoon Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Park
- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwook Seol
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Lee
- Fuel Cell Core Parts Development Cell, Hyundai Mobis Co. Ltd., Uiwang, 16082, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Moon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jong Yoo
- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Division of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
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Chen T, Xu S, Zhao T, Zhou X, Hu J, Xu X, Liang C, Liu M, Ding W. Accelerating Ethanol Complete Electrooxidation via Introducing Ethylene as the Precursor for the C-C Bond Splitting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308057. [PMID: 37545437 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The crucial issue restricting the application of direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) is the incomplete and sluggish electrooxidation of ethanol due to the chemically stable C-C bond thereof. Herein, a unique ethylene-mediated pathway with a 100 % C1-selectivity for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) is proposed for the first time based on a well-structured Pt/Al2 O3 @TiAl catalyst with cascade active sites. The electrochemical in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) analysis disclose that ethanol is primarily dehydrated on the surface of Al2 O3 @TiAl and the derived ethylene is further oxidized completely on nanostructured Pt. X-ray absorption and density functional theory (DFT) studies disclose the Al component doped in Pt nanocrystals can promote the EOR kinetics by lowering the reaction energy barriers and eliminating the poisonous species. Strikingly, Pt/Al2 O3 @TiAl exhibits a specific activity of 3.83 mA cm-2 Pt , 7.4 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C and superior long-term durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Chen
- Air Force Logistics Academy, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Shen Xu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, China
| | - Taotao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xiaohang Zhou
- Air Force Logistics Academy, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Jianqiang Hu
- Air Force Logistics Academy, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Air Force Logistics Academy, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Chenjia Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
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Lee GR, Kim J, Hong D, Kim YJ, Jang H, Han HJ, Hwang CK, Kim D, Kim JY, Jung YS. Efficient and sustainable water electrolysis achieved by excess electron reservoir enabling charge replenishment to catalysts. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5402. [PMID: 37669945 PMCID: PMC10480199 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Suppressing the oxidation of active-Ir(III) in IrOx catalysts is highly desirable to realize an efficient and durable oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis. Although charge replenishment from supports can be effective in preventing the oxidation of IrOx catalysts, most supports have inherently limited charge transfer capability. Here, we demonstrate that an excess electron reservoir, which is a charged oxygen species, incorporated in antimony-doped tin oxide supports can effectively control the Ir oxidation states by boosting the charge donations to IrOx catalysts. Both computational and experimental analyses reveal that the promoted charge transfer driven by excess electron reservoir is the key parameter for stabilizing the active-Ir(III) in IrOx catalysts. When used in a polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer, Ir catalyst on excess electron reservoir incorporated support exhibited 75 times higher mass activity than commercial nanoparticle-based catalysts and outstanding long-term stability for 250 h with a marginal degradation under a water-splitting current of 1 A cm-2. Moreover, Ir-specific power (74.8 kW g-1) indicates its remarkable potential for realizing gigawatt-scale H2 production for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu Rac Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Kim
- Hydrogen·Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 14-gil 5, Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Doosun Hong
- Computational Science Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 14-gil 5, Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Ji Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hanhwi Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeuk Jin Han
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, 55, Dobong-ro 76ga-gil, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul, 01133, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyu Hwang
- Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 14-gil 5, Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghun Kim
- Computational Science Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 14-gil 5, Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Hydrogen·Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 14-gil 5, Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon Sik Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Ji Y, Kwon O, Jeon OS, Yim S, Jeon Y, Shul YG. Effective single web-structured electrode for high membrane electrode assembly performance in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf4863. [PMID: 37115932 PMCID: PMC10146897 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf4863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To achieve a sustainable society, CO2 emissions must be reduced and efficiency of energy systems must be enhanced. The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has zero CO2 emissions and high effectiveness for various applications. A well-designed membrane electrolyte assembly (MEA) composed of electrode layers of effective materials and structure can alter the performance and durability of PEMFC. We demonstrate an efficient electrode deposition method through a well-designed carbon single web with a porous 3D web structure that can be commercially adopted. To achieve excellent electrochemical properties, active Pt nanoparticles are controlled by a nanoglue effect on a highly graphitized carbon surface. The developed MEA exhibits a notable maximum power density of 1082 mW/cm2 at 80°C, H2/air, 50% RH, and 1.8 atm; low cathode loading of 0.1 mgPt/cm2; and catalytic performance decays of only 23.18 and 13.42% under commercial-based durability protocols, respectively, thereby achieving all desirables for commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunseong Ji
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
- KIURI Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ohchan Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Sung Jeon
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungdae Yim
- Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Yukwon Jeon
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonsei-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (Y.Jeon); (Y.Shul)
| | - Yong-gun Shul
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (Y.Jeon); (Y.Shul)
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9
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Kim HY, Jun M, Lee K, Joo SH. Skeletal Nanostructures Promoting Electrocatalytic Reactions with Three-Dimensional Frameworks. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Young Kim
- Hydrogen·Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Minki Jun
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangyeol Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Yang GG, Ko J, Choi HJ, Kim DH, Han KH, Kim JH, Kim MH, Park C, Jin HM, Kim ID, Kim SO. Multilevel Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers and Polymer Colloids for a Transparent and Sensitive Gas Sensor Platform. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18767-18776. [PMID: 36374261 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The recent emerging significance of the Internet of Things (IoT) demands sensor devices to be integrated with many different functional structures and devices while conserving their original functionalities. To this end, optical transparency and mechanical flexibility of sensor devices are critical requirements for optimal integration as well as high sensitivity. In this work, a transparent, flexible, and sensitive gas sensor building platform is introduced by using multilevel self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) and polystyrene (PS) colloids. For the demonstration of an H2 gas sensor, a hierarchically porous Pd metal mesh structure is obtained by overlaying the two different patterned template structures with synergistic, distinctive characteristic length scales. The hierarchical Pd mesh shows not only high transparency over 90% but also superior sensing performance in terms of response and recovery time owing to enhanced Pd-to-hydride ratio and short H2 diffusion lengths from the enlarged active surface areas. The hierarchical morphology also endows high mechanical flexibility while securing reliable sensing performance even under severe mechanical deformation cycles. Our scalable self-assembly based multiscale nanopatterning offers an intriguing generalized platform for many different multifunctional devices requiring hidden in situ monitoring of environmental signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Gug Yang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | | | - Hee Jae Choi
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | | | - Kyu Hyo Han
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jang Hwan Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Min Hyuk Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | | | - Hyeon Min Jin
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Sang Ouk Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advance Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Zhao CX, Liu JN, Wang J, Wang C, Guo X, Li XY, Chen X, Song L, Li BQ, Zhang Q. A clicking confinement strategy to fabricate transition metal single-atom sites for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn5091. [PMID: 35294235 PMCID: PMC8926326 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn5091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable zinc-air batteries call for high-performance bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts. Transition metal single-atom catalysts constitute a promising candidate considering their maximum atom efficiency and high intrinsic activity. However, the fabrication of atomically dispersed transition metal sites is highly challenging, creating a need for for new design strategies and synthesis methods. Here, a clicking confinement strategy is proposed to efficiently predisperse transitional metal atoms in a precursor directed by click chemistry and ensure successful construction of abundant single-atom sites. Concretely, cobalt-coordinated porphyrin units are covalently clicked on the substrate for the confinement of the cobalt atoms and affording a Co-N-C electrocatalyst. The Co-N-C electrocatalyst exhibits impressive bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic performances with an activity indicator ΔE of 0.79 V. This work extends the approach to prepare transition metal single-atom sites for efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis and inspires the methodology on precise synthesis of catalytic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Xin Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia-Ning Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Changda Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Guo
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui, China
| | - Xi-Yao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li Song
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui, China
| | - Bo-Quan Li
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Corresponding author. (B.-Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Corresponding author. (B.-Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
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Yang GG, Choi HJ, Han KH, Kim JH, Lee CW, Jung EI, Jin HM, Kim SO. Block Copolymer Nanopatterning for Nonsemiconductor Device Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:12011-12037. [PMID: 35230079 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymer (BCP) nanopatterning has emerged as a versatile nanoscale fabrication tool for semiconductor devices and other applications, because of its ability to organize well-defined, periodic nanostructures with a critical dimension of 5-100 nm. While the most promising application field of BCP nanopatterning has been semiconductor devices, the versatility of BCPs has also led to enormous interest from a broad spectrum of other application areas. In particular, the intrinsically low cost and straightforward processing of BCP nanopatterning have been widely recognized for their large-area parallel formation of dense nanoscale features, which clearly contrasts that of sophisticated processing steps of the typical photolithographic process, including EUV lithography. In this Review, we highlight the recent progress in the field of BCP nanopatterning for various nonsemiconductor applications. Notable examples relying on BCP nanopatterning, including nanocatalysts, sensors, optics, energy devices, membranes, surface modifications and other emerging applications, are summarized. We further discuss the current limitations of BCP nanopatterning and suggest future research directions to open up new potential application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Gug Yang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jae Choi
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyo Han
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hwan Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Edwin Ino Jung
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Min Jin
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Liu L. Multiscale structural characterization of shaped catalysts. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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