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Xiao L, Zhang L, Guo C, Xin Q, Gu X, Jiang C, Wu J. "Find Me" and "Eat Me" signals: tools to drive phagocytic processes for modulating antitumor immunity. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024; 44:791-832. [PMID: 38923737 PMCID: PMC11260773 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis, a vital defense mechanism, involves the recognition and elimination of foreign substances by cells. Phagocytes, such as neutrophils and macrophages, rapidly respond to invaders; macrophages are especially important in later stages of the immune response. They detect "find me" signals to locate apoptotic cells and migrate toward them. Apoptotic cells then send "eat me" signals that are recognized by phagocytes via specific receptors. "Find me" and "eat me" signals can be strategically harnessed to modulate antitumor immunity in support of cancer therapy. These signals, such as calreticulin and phosphatidylserine, mediate potent pro-phagocytic effects, thereby promoting the engulfment of dying cells or their remnants by macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells and inducing tumor cell death. This review summarizes the phagocytic "find me" and "eat me" signals, including their concepts, signaling mechanisms, involved ligands, and functions. Furthermore, we delineate the relationships between "find me" and "eat me" signaling molecules and tumors, especially the roles of these molecules in tumor initiation, progression, diagnosis, and patient prognosis. The interplay of these signals with tumor biology is elucidated, and specific approaches to modulate "find me" and "eat me" signals and enhance antitumor immunity are explored. Additionally, novel therapeutic strategies that combine "find me" and "eat me" signals to better bridge innate and adaptive immunity in the treatment of cancer patients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Louqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Ciliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Qilei Xin
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanShandongP. R. China
| | - Junhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNational Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanShandongP. R. China
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Liang S, Zhou J, Cao C, Liu Y, Ming S, Liu X, Shang Y, Lao J, Peng Q, Yang J, Wu M. GITR exacerbates lysophosphatidylcholine-induced macrophage pyroptosis in sepsis via posttranslational regulation of NLRP3. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:674-688. [PMID: 38740925 PMCID: PMC11214634 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome functions as an inflammatory driver, but its relationship with lipid metabolic changes in early sepsis remains unclear. Here, we found that GITR expression in monocytes/macrophages was induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and was positively correlated with the severity of sepsis. GITR is a costimulatory molecule that is mainly expressed on T cells, but its function in macrophages is largely unknown. Our in vitro data showed that GITR enhanced LPC uptake by macrophages and specifically enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated macrophage pyroptosis. Furthermore, in vivo studies using either cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or LPS-induced sepsis models demonstrated that LPC exacerbated sepsis severity/lethality, while conditional knockout of GITR in myeloid cells or NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β deficiency attenuated sepsis severity/lethality. Mechanistically, GITR specifically enhanced inflammasome activation by regulating the posttranslational modification (PTM) of NLRP3. GITR competes with NLRP3 for binding to the E3 ligase MARCH7 and recruits MARCH7 to induce deacetylase SIRT2 degradation, leading to decreasing ubiquitination but increasing acetylation of NLRP3. Overall, these findings revealed a novel role of macrophage-derived GITR in regulating the PTM of NLRP3 and systemic inflammatory injury, suggesting that GITR may be a potential therapeutic target for sepsis and other inflammatory diseases. GITR exacerbates LPC-induced macrophage pyroptosis in sepsis via posttranslational regulation of NLRP3. According to the model, LPC levels increase during the early stage of sepsis, inducing GITR expression on macrophages. GITR not only competes with NLRP3 for binding to the E3 ligase MARCH7 but also recruits MARCH7 to induce the degradation of the deacetylase SIRT2, leading to decreasing ubiquitination but increasing acetylation of NLRP3 and therefore exacerbating LPC-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, macrophage pyroptosis and systemic inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siping Liang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Can Cao
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiting Liu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Ming
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yuqi Shang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Juanfeng Lao
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Peng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
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Li MS, Wang XH, Wang H. Immunomodulation of Proton-activated G Protein-coupled Receptors in Inflammation. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:475-484. [PMID: 38748372 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-024-2872-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Proton-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), initially discovered by Ludwig in 2003, are widely distributed in various tissues. These receptors have been found to modulate the immune system in several inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, and asthma. Proton-activated GPCRs belong to the G protein-coupled receptor family and can detect alternations in extracellular pH. This detection triggers downstream signaling pathways within the cells, ultimately influencing the function of immune cells. In this review, we specifically focused on investigating the immune response of proton-activated GPCRs under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Shan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Kume H, Harigane R, Rikimaru M. Involvement of Lysophospholipids in Pulmonary Vascular Functions and Diseases. Biomedicines 2024; 12:124. [PMID: 38255229 PMCID: PMC10813361 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular lysophospholipids (lysophosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingosine 1-phosphate, etc.), which are synthesized from phospholipids in the cell membrane, act as lipid mediators, and mediate various cellular responses in constituent cells in the respiratory system, such as contraction, proliferation, migration, and cytoskeletal organization. In addition to these effects, the expression of the adhesion molecules is enhanced by these extracellular lysophospholipids in pulmonary endothelial cells. These effects are exerted via specific G protein-coupled receptors. Rho, Ras, and phospholipase C (PLC) have been proven to be their signaling pathways, related to Ca2+ signaling due to Ca2+ dynamics and Ca2+ sensitization. Therefore, lysophospholipids probably induce pulmonary vascular remodeling through phenotype changes in smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts, likely resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome due to vascular leak, pulmonary hypertension, and pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, lysophospholipids induce the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the lungs via the enhancement of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells, potentially leading to the development of asthma. These results demonstrate that lysophospholipids may be novel therapeutic targets not only for injury, fibrosis, and hypertension in the lung, but also for asthma. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of the effects of lysophospholipids on the respiratory system, and the possibility of precision medicine targeting lysophospholipids as treatable traits of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kume
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Fukushima Medical University Aizu Medical Center, 21-2 Maeda, Tanisawa, Kawahigashi, Aizuwakamatsu City 969-3492, Fukushima, Japan; (R.H.); (M.R.)
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Chen N, Wang R, Li H, Wang W, Wang L, Yin X, Yao R, Yang B. Flavonoid extract of saffron by-product alleviates hyperuricemia via inhibiting xanthine oxidase and modulating gut microbiota. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4604-4619. [PMID: 36482025 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia was associated with the overproduction or inadequate excretion of uric acid, while its association with gut microbiota has emerged although few studies were focused on it. Previously, we have reported a flavonoid extract from saffron floral bio-residues lowered uric acid in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice. In this study, the impacts of the flavonoid extract on potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rats were evaluated through its effects on serum, renal, intestinal uric acid, and xanthine oxidase activity. At the same time, the microbial and metabolic features of the flavonoid extract against hyperuricemia were explored using 16S rRNA sequencing techniques and serum metabolomics, respectively. According to the results, the flavonoid extract lowered serum and intestinal uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats without kidney damage. On the one hand, it inhibited serum and liver xanthine oxidase activities and down-regulated the expression of hepatic xanthine oxidase. On the other hand, it ameliorated the hyperuricemia-associated gut microbiota dysbiosis and alleviated the disturbance of serum metabolome, especially of lipid and amino acid metabolites. The results suggested that the flavonoid extract of saffron floral bio-residues exerts a potent antihyperuricemia effect by inhibiting xanthine oxidase to decrease uric acid production and modulating gut microbiota related to host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rongmei Yao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Javaid A, Wang F, Horst EA, Diaz-Rubio ME, Wang LF, Baumgard LH, McFadden JW. Effects of acute intravenous lipopolysaccharide administration on the plasma lipidome and metabolome in lactating Holstein cows experiencing hyperlipidemia. Metabolomics 2022; 18:75. [PMID: 36125563 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01928-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of lipopolysaccharides (i.e., endotoxin; LPS) on metabolism are poorly defined in lactating dairy cattle experiencing hyperlipidemia. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to explore the effects of acute intravenous LPS administration on metabolism in late-lactation Holstein cows experiencing hyperlipidemia induced by intravenous triglyceride infusion and feed restriction. METHODS Ten non-pregnant lactating Holstein cows (273 ± 35 d in milk) were administered a single bolus of saline (3 mL of saline; n [Formula: see text] 5) or LPS (0.375 [Formula: see text]g of LPS/kg of body weight; n [Formula: see text] 5). Simultaneously, cows were intravenously infused a triglyceride emulsion and feed restricted for 16 h to induce hyperlipidemia in an attempt to model the periparturient period. Blood was sampled at routine intervals. Changes in circulating total fatty acid concentrations and inflammatory parameters were measured. Plasma samples were analyzed using untargeted lipidomics and metabolomics. RESULTS Endotoxin increased circulating serum amyloid A, LPS-binding protein, and cortisol concentrations. Endotoxin administration decreased plasma lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) concentrations and increased select plasma ceramide concentrations. These outcomes suggest modulation of the immune response and insulin action. Lipopolysaccharide decreased the ratio of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylethanomanine, which potentially indicate a decrease in the hepatic activation of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase and triglyceride export. Endotoxin administration also increased plasma concentrations of pyruvic and lactic acids, and decreased plasma citric acid concentrations, which implicate the upregulation of glycolysis and downregulation of the citric acid cycle (i.e., the Warburg effect), potentially in leukocytes. CONCLUSION Acute intravenous LPS administration decreased circulating LPC concentrations, modified ceramide and glycerophospholipid concentrations, and influenced intermediary metabolism in dairy cows experiencing hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Javaid
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - Feiran Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Erin A Horst
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - M Elena Diaz-Rubio
- Cornell Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Lin F Wang
- Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lance H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Joseph W McFadden
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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Imenez Silva PH, Câmara NO, Wagner CA. Role of proton-activated G protein-coupled receptors in pathophysiology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C400-C414. [PMID: 35759438 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00114.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Local acidification is a common feature of many disease processes such as inflammation, infarction, or solid tumor growth. Acidic pH is not merely a sequelae of disease but contributes to recruitment and regulation of immune cells, modifies metabolism of parenchymal, immune and tumor cells, modulates fibrosis, vascular permeability, oxygen availability and consumption, invasiveness of tumor cells, and impacts on cell survival. Thus, multiple pH-sensing mechanisms must exist in cells involved in these processes. These pH-sensors play important roles in normal physiology and pathophysiology, and hence might be attractive targets for pharmacological interventions. Among the pH-sensing mechanisms, OGR1 (GPR68), GPR4 (GPR4), and TDAG8 (GPR65) have emerged as important molecules. These G protein-coupled receptors are widely expressed, are upregulated in inflammation and tumors, sense changes in extracellular pH in the range between pH 8 and 6, and are involved in modulating key processes in inflammation, tumor biology, and fibrosis. This review discusses key features of these receptors and highlights important disease states and pathways affected by their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Imenez Silva
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Switzerland
| | - Niels Olsen Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Switzerland
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Persistent elevation of lysophosphatidylcholine promotes radiation brain necrosis with microglial recruitment by P2RX4 activation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8718. [PMID: 35610277 PMCID: PMC9130232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12293-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain radiation necrosis (RN) or neurocognitive disorder is a severe adverse effect that may occur after radiation therapy for malignant brain tumors or head and neck cancers. RN accompanies inflammation which causes edema or micro-bleeding, and no fundamental treatment has been developed. In inflammation, lysophospholipids (LPLs) are produced by phospholipase A2 and function as bioactive lipids involved in sterile inflammation in atherosclerosis or brain disorders. To elucidate its underlying mechanisms, we investigated the possible associations between lysophospholipids (LPLs) and RN development in terms of microglial activation with the purinergic receptor P2X purinoceptor 4 (P2RX4). We previously developed a mouse model of RN and in this study, measured phospholipids and LPLs in the brains of RN model by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analyses. We immune-stained microglia and the P2RX4 in the brains of RN model with time-course. We treated RN model mice with ivermectin, an allosteric modulator of P2RX4 and investigate the effect on microglial activation with P2RX4 and LPLs’ production, and resulting effects on overall survival and working memory. We revealed that LPLs (lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidyl acid, lysophosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylinositol, and lysophosphatidylglycerol) remained at high levels during the progression of RN with microglial accumulation, though phospholipids elevations were limited. Both microglial accumulation and activation of the P2RX4 were attenuated by ivermectin. Moreover, the elevation of all LPLs except LPC was also attenuated by ivermectin. However, there was limited prolongation of survival time and improvement of working memory disorders. Our findings suggest that uncontrollable increased LPC, even with ivermectin treatment, promoted the development of RN and working memory disorders. Therefore, LPC suppression will be essential for controlling RN and neurocognitive disorder after radiation therapy.
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Imenez Silva PH, Wagner CA. Physiological relevance of proton-activated GPCRs. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:487-504. [PMID: 35247105 PMCID: PMC8993716 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The detection of H+ concentration variations in the extracellular milieu is accomplished by a series of specialized and non-specialized pH-sensing mechanisms. The proton-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) GPR4 (Gpr4), TDAG8 (Gpr65), and OGR1 (Gpr68) form a subfamily of proteins capable of triggering intracellular signaling in response to alterations in extracellular pH around physiological values, i.e., in the range between pH 7.5 and 6.5. Expression of these receptors is widespread for GPR4 and OGR1 with particularly high levels in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, respectively, while expression of TDAG8 appears to be more restricted to the immune compartment. These receptors have been linked to several well-studied pH-dependent physiological activities including central control of respiration, renal adaption to changes in acid-base status, secretion of insulin and peripheral responsiveness to insulin, mechanosensation, and cellular chemotaxis. Their role in pathological processes such as the genesis and progression of several inflammatory diseases (asthma, inflammatory bowel disease), and tumor cell metabolism and invasiveness, is increasingly receiving more attention and makes these receptors novel and interesting targets for therapy. In this review, we cover the role of these receptors in physiological processes and will briefly discuss some implications for disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Imenez Silva
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
- National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
- National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Artru F, McPhail MJW, Triantafyllou E, Trovato FM. Lipids in Liver Failure Syndromes: A Focus on Eicosanoids, Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators and Lysophospholipids. Front Immunol 2022; 13:867261. [PMID: 35432367 PMCID: PMC9008479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.867261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are organic compounds insoluble in water with a variety of metabolic and non-metabolic functions. They not only represent an efficient energy substrate but can also act as key inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules as part of a network of soluble mediators at the interface of metabolism and the immune system. The role of endogenous bioactive lipid mediators has been demonstrated in several inflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, cancer). The liver is unique in providing balanced immunotolerance to the exposure of bacterial components from the gut transiting through the portal vein and the lymphatic system. This balance is abruptly deranged in liver failure syndromes such as acute liver failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure. In these syndromes, researchers have recently focused on bioactive lipid mediators by global metabonomic profiling and uncovered the pivotal role of these mediators in the immune dysfunction observed in liver failure syndromes explaining the high occurrence of sepsis and subsequent organ failure. Among endogenous bioactive lipids, the mechanistic actions of three classes (eicosanoids, pro-resolving lipid mediators and lysophospholipids) in the pathophysiological modulation of liver failure syndromes will be the topic of this narrative review. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of lipid-immune pathways will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Artru
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J W McPhail
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Triantafyllou
- Section of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Li R, Zhao YL, Qin F, Zhao Y, Xiao XR, Cao WY, Fan MR, Wang SG, Wu Y, Wang B, Fan CZ, Guo ZN, Yang QN, Zhang WT, Li XG, Li F, Luo XD, Gao R. The clinical population pharmacokinetics, metabolomics and therapeutic analysis of alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris leaves in acute bronchitis patients. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153979. [PMID: 35176533 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capsule of alkaloids from leaf of Alstonia scholaris (CALAS) is a new investigational botanical drug (No. 2011L01436) for respiratory disease. Clinical population pharmacokinetics (PK), metabolomics and therapeutic data are essential to guide dosing in patients. Previous research has demonstrated the potential therapeutic effect of CALAS on acute bronchitis. Further clinical trial data are needed to verify its clinical efficacy, pharmacokinetics behavior, and influence of dosage and other factors. PURPOSE To verify the clinical efficacy and explore the potential biomarkers related to CALAS treatment for acute bronchitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oral CALAS was assessed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Fifty-five eligible patients were randomly assigned to four cohorts to receive 20, 40 or 80 mg, of CALAS three times daily for seven days, or placebo. Each CALAS cohort included 15 subjects, and the placebo group included 10 subjects. A population PK model of CALAS was developed using plasma with four major alkaloid components. Metabolomics analysis was performed to identify biomarkers correlated with the therapeutic effect of CALAS, and efficacy and safety were assessed based on clinical symptoms and adverse events. RESULTS The symptoms of acute bronchitis were alleviated by CALAS treatment without serious adverse events or clinically significant changes in vital signs, electrocardiography or upper abdominal Doppler ultrasonography. Moreover, one compartment model with first-order absorption showed that an increase in aspartate transaminase will reduce the clearance (CL) of scholaricine, and picrinine CL was inversely proportional to body mass index, while 19-epischolaricine and vallesamine CL increased with aging. The serum samples from acute bronchitis patients at different time points were analyzed using UPLC-QTOF in combination with the orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis, which indicated higher levels of lysophosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylethanolamines and amino acids with CALAS treatment than with placebo. CONCLUSION This is the first study to evaluate the clinical efficacy and explored the potential biomarkers related to CALAS therapeutic mechanism of acute bronchitis by means of clinical trial combined the metabolomics study. This exploratory study provides a basis for further research on clinical efficacy and optimal dosing regimens based on pharmacokinetics behavior. Additional acute bronchitis patients and CALAS PK samples collected in future studies may be used to improve model performance and maximize its clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China
| | - Feng Qin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xue-Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Wei-Yi Cao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Mao-Rong Fan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shu-Ge Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Chang-Zheng Fan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Zhong-Ning Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qiao-Ning Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Wan-Tong Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xin-Gang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, PR China.
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China; Laboratory of Metabolomics and Drug-induced Liver Injury, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China.
| | - Rui Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiyuan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1, R. Xiyuangcaochang, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China.
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12
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Wen B, Njunge JM, Bourdon C, Gonzales GB, Gichuki BM, Lee D, Wishart DS, Ngari M, Chimwezi E, Thitiri J, Mwalekwa L, Voskuijl W, Berkley JA, Bandsma RHJ. Systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbances underlie inpatient mortality among ill children with severe malnutrition. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj6779. [PMID: 35171682 PMCID: PMC8849276 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj6779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Children admitted to hospital with an acute illness and concurrent severe malnutrition [complicated severe malnutrition (CSM)] have a high risk of dying. The biological processes underlying their mortality are poorly understood. In this case-control study nested within a multicenter randomized controlled trial among children with CSM in Kenya and Malawi, we found that blood metabolomic and proteomic profiles robustly differentiated children who died (n = 92) from those who survived (n = 92). Fatalities were characterized by increased energetic substrates (tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites), microbial metabolites (e.g., propionate and isobutyrate), acute phase proteins (e.g., calprotectin and C-reactive protein), and inflammatory markers (e.g., interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α). These perturbations indicated disruptions in mitochondria-related bioenergetic pathways and sepsis-like responses. This study identified specific biomolecular disturbances associated with CSM mortality, revealing that systemic inflammation and bioenergetic deficits are targetable pathophysiological processes for improving survival of this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijun Wen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Translational medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - James M. Njunge
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
- KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Celine Bourdon
- Department of Translational medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Gerard Bryan Gonzales
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Bonface M. Gichuki
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
- KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Dorothy Lee
- Department of Translational medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Moses Ngari
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
- KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | | | - Johnstone Thitiri
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
- KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Laura Mwalekwa
- KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
- Department of Paediatrics, Coast General Hospital, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - Wieger Voskuijl
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, the College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - James A. Berkley
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
- KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
- Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robert HJ Bandsma
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Translational medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Pediatrics, the College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, the College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
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13
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Kong J, He T, Liu C, Huang J. Multi modular toxicity assessment of nephrotoxicity in podophyllotoxin exposure rats on account of toxicological evidence chain (TEC) concept. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113157. [PMID: 35026582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of kidney injuries caused by herbs is necessary to enable effective treatments, prevent kidney failure and promote the internationalization and modernization of herbal medicine. Whereas the toxic assessment evidence has not integrated yet, and the evaluation method has not been unanimously agreed. For example, the gold standard assessing toxicity in animals remains to be histopathology, but serum biochemical indexes are the primary measures for monitoring organs dysfunction in humans. In this study, using Sprague Dawley rats, we investigated whether integrated analyses of transcriptomic and metabolomic data with toxicological evidence chain (TEC) concept could identify indicators of injury and provide new insights into the mechanisms of nephrotoxicity. Firstly, the objective phenotype of the animals was observed in detail and the toxicity performance was collected after administration. Subsequently, histopathological examination and serum biochemical toxicity evidence were collected. Next, we obtained concurrent measurements of transcriptomic changes in kidneys, and changes along with metabolic profiles in serum, after exposure to PT(Podophyllotoxin) to acquire evidence at the molecular level. Last but not least, the GTEA (Grades of Toxicological Evidence Assessment) based on GRADE(Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system was used to evaluate toxic evidence which can be assigned to a toxic level. The orally gavaged rats with PT have been confirmed with dose-dependent kidney damage from 5 to 15 mg/kg after 4 d. Our findings suggest that the main pathological changes occurred in Glycerophosphatidylcholine metabolism, Arachidonic acid metabolism, Energy metabolism, Tyrosine metabolism, Tryptophan metabolism and so on.Moreover, the alteration of the potential metabolites lipid (i.e. LPC, palmitic acid) and sulfate could serve as plausible markers of PT-induced kidney injury. Our approach provides a mechanistic framework for the refinement of the grading standard of toxicity evidence, which is applicable to other toxicants originated from herbal medicine based on multi-omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Kong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Tao He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, China; Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan, University of Science and Technology; Medical Key Laboratory of Hereditary Rare Diseases of Henan; Luoyang Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Luoyang, 471003, China.
| | - Jianmei Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, China.
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14
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Parra-Millán R, Jiménez-Mejías ME, Ayerbe-Algaba R, Domínguez-Herrera J, Díaz C, Pérez Del Palacio J, Pachón J, Smani Y. Impact of the immune response modification by lysophosphatidylcholine in the efficacy of antibiotic therapy of experimental models of peritoneal sepsis and pneumonia by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: LPC therapeutic effect in combined therapy. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2022; 40:14-21. [PMID: 34991848 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune response stimulation may be an adjuvant to antimicrobial treatment. Here, we evaluated the impact of immune response modification by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), combined with imipenem or ceftazidime, in murine models of peritoneal sepsis (PS) and pneumonia induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS The imipenem and ceftazidime-susceptible strain (Pa39) and imipenem and ceftazidime-resistant strain (Pa238) were used. Ceftazidime pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters were determined. The therapeutic efficacy and TNF-α and IL-10 levels were determined in murine models of PS and pneumonia induced by Pa39 and Pa238 and treated with LPC, imipenem or ceftazidime, alone or in combination. RESULTS In the PS model, LPC+ceftazidime reduced spleen and lung Pa238 concentrations (-3.45 and -3.56log10CFU/g; P<0.05) to a greater extent than ceftazidime monotherapy, while LPC+imipenem maintained the imipenem efficacy (-1.66 and -1.45log10CFU/g; P>0.05). In the pneumonia model, LPC+ceftazidime or LPC+imipenem reduced the lung Pa238 concentrations (-2.37log10CFU/g, P=0.1, or -1.35log10CFU/g, P=0.75). For Pa39, no statistically significant difference was observed in the PS and pneumonia models between combined therapy and monotherapy. Moreover, LPC+imipenem and LPC+ceftazidime significantly decreased and increased the TNF-α and IL-10 levels, respectively, in comparison with the untreated controls and monotherapies. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the impact of immune response modification by LPC plus antibiotics on the prognosis of infections induced by ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Parra-Millán
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel E Jiménez-Mejías
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Rafael Ayerbe-Algaba
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Domínguez-Herrera
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Caridad Díaz
- Fundación Centro De Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Fundación MEDINA, Granada, Spain
| | - José Pérez Del Palacio
- Fundación Centro De Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Fundación MEDINA, Granada, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Pachón
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Younes Smani
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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15
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Yang L, Bi L, Jin L, Wang Y, Li Y, Li Z, He W, Cui H, Miao J, Wang L. Geniposide Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis Through Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Respose, Inhibiting Apoptosis and Modulating Overall Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:772635. [PMID: 34899328 PMCID: PMC8651620 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.772635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a progressive liver damage condition caused by various factors and may progress toward liver cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Many studies have found that the disfunction in metabolism could contribute to the development of liver fibrosis. Geniposide, derived from Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis, has been demonstrated with therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of such liver-protection remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explored the effect of geniposide on metabolic regulations in liver fibrosis. We used carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) to construct a mouse model of liver fibrosis and subsequently administered geniposide treatment. Therapeutic effects of geniposide on liver fibrosis were accessed through measuring the levels of hepatic enzymes in serum and the pathological changes in liver. We also investigated the effects of geniposide on inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis in liver. Furthermore, serum untargeted metabolomics were used to explore the metabolic regulatory mechanisms behind geniposide on liver fibrosis. Our results demonstrated that geniposide could reduce the levels of hepatic enzymes in serum and ameliorate the pathological changes in liver fibrosis mice. Geniposide enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decreased methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) levels in liver. Geniposide treatment also decreased the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) in liver tissue homogenate. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay (TUNEL) staining demonstrated that geniposide could reduce the apoptosis of hepatocytes. Geniposide increased the protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and downregulated the protein expression of Bcl-2 Associated X (Bax), cleaved-Caspase 3, and cleaved-Caspase 9. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis demonstrated that geniposide treatment improved the metabolic disorders including glycerophospholipid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the protective effects of geniposide on liver fibrosis. We found that geniposide could treat liver fibrosis by inhibiting oxidative stress, reducing inflammatory response and apoptosis in the liver, and modulating glycerophospholipid, and arginine, proline, and AA metabolism processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Liping Bi
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lulu Jin
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Wenju He
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huantian Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Miao
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Wang
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
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16
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Andersen CL, Byun H, Li Y, Xiao S, Miller DM, Wang Z, Viswanathan S, Hancock JM, Bromfield J, Ye X. Varied effects of doxorubicin (DOX) on the corpus luteum of C57BL/6 mice during early pregnancy. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:1521-1532. [PMID: 34554181 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain chemotherapeutic drugs are toxic to ovarian follicles. The corpus luteum (CL) is normally developed from an ovulated follicle for producing progesterone (P4) to support early pregnancy. To fill in the knowledge gap about effects of chemotherapy on the CL, we tested the hypothesis that chemotherapy may target endothelial cells and/or luteal cells in the CL to impair CL function in P4 steroidogenesis using doxorubicin (DOX) as a representative chemotherapeutic drug in mice. In both mixed background mice and C57BL/6 mice, a single intraperitoneal injection of DOX (10 mg/kg) on 0.5 days post coitum (D0.5, post-ovulation) led to ~58% D3.5 mice with serum P4 levels lower than the serum P4 range in the PBS-treated control mice. Further studies in the C57BL/6 ovaries revealed that CLs from DOX-treated mice with low P4 levels had less defined luteal cords and disrupted collagen IV expression pattern, indicating disrupted capillary, accompanied with less differentiated luteal cells that had smaller cytoplasm and reduced StAR expression. DOX-treated ovaries had increased granulosa cell death in the growing follicles, reduced PCNA-positive endothelial cells in the CLs, enlarged lipid droplets and disrupted F-actin in the luteal cells. These novel data suggest that the proliferating endothelial cells in the developing CL may be the primary target of DOX to impair the vascular support for luteal cell differentiation and subsequently P4 steroidogenesis. This study fills in the knowledge gap about the toxic effects of chemotherapy on the CL and provides critical information for risk assessment of chemotherapy in premenopausal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lee Andersen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.,Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Haeyeun Byun
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Yuehuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Shuo Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Doris M Miller
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Zidao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.,Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Suvitha Viswanathan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jonathan Matthew Hancock
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.,Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jaymie Bromfield
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Ye
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.,Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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17
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Bai U, Su X, Zheng Z, Zhang L, Ma Y, Dou Y, Zhang X, Su G, Li G, Zhang L. Comparative metabolomics analysis of Small-Tailed Han and DairyMeade ovine milk. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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18
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Yu C, Zhang Q, Zou Y, Liu R, Zhao J, Bi K, Li D, Li Q. Across-polarity quantification method for broad metabolome coverage based on consecutive nanoconfined liquid phase nanoextraction technology: Application in discovering the plasma potential biomarkers of different types of cancer. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1167:338577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Pils V, Terlecki-Zaniewicz L, Schosserer M, Grillari J, Lämmermann I. The role of lipid-based signalling in wound healing and senescence. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 198:111527. [PMID: 34174292 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-based signalling modulates several cellular processes and intercellular communication during wound healing and tissue regeneration. Bioactive lipids include but are not limited to the diverse group of eicosanoids, phospholipids, and extracellular vesicles and mediate the attraction of immune cells, initiation of inflammatory responses, and their resolution. In aged individuals, wound healing and tissue regeneration are greatly impaired, resulting in a delayed healing process and non-healing wounds. Senescent cells accumulate with age in vivo, preferably at sites implicated in age-associated pathologies and their elimination was shown to alleviate many age-associated diseases and disorders. In contrast to these findings, the transient presence of senescent cells in the process of wound healing exerts beneficial effects and limits fibrosis. Hence, clearance of senescent cells during wound healing was repeatedly shown to delay wound closure in vivo. Recent findings established a dysregulated synthesis of eicosanoids, phospholipids and extracellular vesicles as part of the senescent phenotype. This intriguing connection between cellular senescence, lipid-based signalling, and the process of wound healing and tissue regeneration prompts us to compile the current knowledge in this review and propose future directions for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Pils
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucia Terlecki-Zaniewicz
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence - SKINMAGINE, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Linz and Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Austria
| | - Ingo Lämmermann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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20
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Chen T, Zhu Z, Du Q, Wang Z, Wu W, Xue Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zeng Q, Jiang C, Shen C, Liu L, Zhu H, Liu Q. A Skin Lipidomics Study Reveals the Therapeutic Effects of Tanshinones in a Rat Model of Acne. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:675659. [PMID: 34177586 PMCID: PMC8223585 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.675659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone (TAN), a class of bioactive components in traditional Chinese medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza, has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, can enhance blood circulation, remove blood stasis, and promote wound healing. For these reasons it has been developed as a drug to treat acne. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of TAN in rats with oleic acid-induced acne and to explore its possible mechanisms of action through the identification of potential lipid biomarkers. In this study, a rat model of acne was established by applying 0.5 ml of 80% oleic acid to rats' back skin. The potential metabolites and targets involved in the anti-acne effects of TAN were predicted using lipidomics. The results indicate that TAN has therapeutic efficacy for acne, as supported by the results of the histological analyses and biochemical index assays for interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, IL-β and tumor necrosis factor alpha. The orthogonal projection of latent structure discriminant analysis score was used to analyze the lipidomic profiles between control and acne rats. Ninety-six potential biomarkers were identified in the skin samples of the acne rats. These biomarkers were mainly related to glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism, and the regulation of their dysfunction is thought to be a possible therapeutic mechanism of action of TAN on acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunqun Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuxian Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfeng Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Xue
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufan Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanfu Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiping Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Wang M, Xu J, Yang N, Zhang T, Zhu H, Wang J. Insight Into the Metabolomic Characteristics of Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus by the Integrated LC-MS and GC-MS Approach- Preliminary Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:807318. [PMID: 35116008 PMCID: PMC8805207 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.807318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common metabolic complication after solid organ transplantation, which not only results in elevated microvascular morbidity, but also seriously impacts graft function and recipient survival. However, its underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood. In this study, an integrated liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based-metabolomics approach was adopted to dissect the metabolic fluctuations and deduce potential mechanism associated with PTDM. 68 adult liver transplant recipients were recruited and classified as 32 PTDM and 36 non-PTDM subjects. PTDM group and non-PTDM group were well matched in gender, age, BMI, family history of diabetes, alcohol drinking history, ICU length of stay and hepatitis B infection. Peripheral blood samples from these recipients were collected and prepared for instrument analysis. Data acquired from LC-MS and GC-MS demonstrated significant metabolome alterations between PTDM and non-PTDM subjects. A total of 30 differential metabolites (15 from LC-MS, 15 from GC-MS) were screened out. PTDM patients, compared with non-PTDM subjects, were characterized with increased levels of L-leucine, L-phenylalanine, LysoPE (16:0), LysoPE (18:0), LysoPC (18:0), taurocholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, glycoursodeoxycholic acid, etc, and with decreased levels of LysoPC (16:1), LysoPC (18:2), LysoPE (22:6), LysoPC (20:4), etc. Taken collectively, this study demonstrated altered metabolites in patients with PTDM, which would provide support for enhancing mechanism exploration, prediction and treatment of PTDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Physical and Chemical Department, Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Huaijun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Huaijun Zhu, ; Jing Wang,
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Huaijun Zhu, ; Jing Wang,
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22
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Marathe GK, Chaithra VH, Ke LY, Chen CH. Effect of acyl and alkyl analogs of platelet-activating factor on inflammatory signaling. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 151:106478. [PMID: 32711129 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a bioactive ether phospholipid with significant pro-inflammatory properties, was identified almost half a century ago. Despite extensive study of this autocoid, therapeutic strategies for targeting its signaling components have not been successful, including the recent clinical trials with darapladib, a drug that targets plasma PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH). We recently provided experimental evidence that the previously unrecognized acyl analog of PAF, which is concomitantly produced along with PAF during biosynthesis, dampens PAF signaling by acting both as a sacrificial substrate for PAF-AH and probably as an endogenous PAF-receptor antagonist/partial agonist. If this is the scenario in vivo, PAF-AH needs to catalyze the selective hydrolysis of alkyl-PAF and not acyl-PAF. Accordingly, different approaches are needed for treating inflammatory diseases in which PAF signaling is implicated. The interplay between acyl-PAF, alkyl-PAF, PAF-AH, and PAF-R is complex, and the outcome of this interplay has not been previously appreciated. In this review, we discuss this interaction based on our recent findings. It is very likely that the relative abundance of acyl and alkyl-PAF and their interactions with PAF-R in the presence of their hydrolyzing enzyme PAF-AH may exert a modulatory effect on PAF signaling during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Kedihithlu Marathe
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India; Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India.
| | | | - Liang-Yin Ke
- College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Vascular and Medicinal Research, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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23
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Emerging roles of lysophospholipids in health and disease. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 80:101068. [PMID: 33068601 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are abundant and play essential roles in human health and disease. The main functions of lipids are building blocks for membrane biogenesis. However, lipids are also metabolized to produce signaling molecules. Here, we discuss the emerging roles of circulating lysophospholipids. These lysophospholipids consist of lysoglycerophospholipids and lysosphingolipids. They are both present in cells at low concentration, but their concentrations in extracellular fluids are significantly higher. The biological functions of some of these lysophospholipids have been recently revealed. Remarkably, some of the lysophospholipids play pivotal signaling roles as well as being precursors for membrane biogenesis. Revealing how circulating lysophospholipids are produced, released, transported, and utilized in multi-organ systems is critical to understand their functions. The discovery of enzymes, carriers, transporters, and membrane receptors for these lysophospholipids has shed light on their physiological significance. In this review, we summarize the biological roles of these lysophospholipids via discussing about the proteins regulating their functions. We also discuss about their potential impacts to human health and diseases.
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Fabri JHTM, de Sá NP, Malavazi I, Del Poeta M. The dynamics and role of sphingolipids in eukaryotic organisms upon thermal adaptation. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 80:101063. [PMID: 32888959 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
All living beings have an optimal temperature for growth and survival. With the advancement of global warming, the search for understanding adaptive processes to climate changes has gained prominence. In this context, all living beings monitor the external temperature and develop adaptive responses to thermal variations. These responses ultimately change the functioning of the cell and affect the most diverse structures and processes. One of the first structures to detect thermal variations is the plasma membrane, whose constitution allows triggering of intracellular signals that assist in the response to temperature stress. Although studies on this topic have been conducted, the underlying mechanisms of recognizing thermal changes and modifying cellular functioning to adapt to this condition are not fully understood. Recently, many reports have indicated the participation of sphingolipids (SLs), major components of the plasma membrane, in the regulation of the thermal stress response. SLs can structurally reinforce the membrane or/and send signals intracellularly to control numerous cellular processes, such as apoptosis, cytoskeleton polarization, cell cycle arresting and fungal virulence. In this review, we discuss how SLs synthesis changes during both heat and cold stresses, focusing on fungi, plants, animals and human cells. The role of lysophospholipids is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Henrique Tadini Marilhano Fabri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Nivea Pereira de Sá
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Northport, New York, USA.
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25
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The Lysophosphatidylserines-An Emerging Class of Signalling Lysophospholipids. J Membr Biol 2020; 253:381-397. [PMID: 32767057 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lysophospholipids are potent hormone-like signalling biological lipids that regulate many important biological processes in mammals (including humans). Lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine-1-phosphate represent the best studied examples for this lipid class, and their metabolic enzymes and/or cognate receptors are currently under clinical investigation for treatment of various neurological and autoimmune diseases in humans. Over the past two decades, the lysophsophatidylserines (lyso-PSs) have emerged as yet another biologically important lysophospholipid, and deregulation in its metabolism has been linked to various human pathophysiological conditions. Despite its recent emergence, an exhaustive review summarizing recent advances on lyso-PSs and the biological pathways that this bioactive lysophospholipid regulates has been lacking. To address this, here, we summarize studies that led to the discovery of lyso-PS as a potent signalling biomolecule, and discuss the structure, its detection in biological systems, and the biodistribution of this lysophospholipid in various mammalian systems. Further, we describe in detail the enzymatic pathways that are involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of this lipid and the putative lyso-PS receptors reported in the literature. Finally, we discuss the various biological pathways directly regulated by lyso-PSs in mammals and prospect new questions for this still emerging biomedically important signalling lysophospholipid.
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26
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Parra-Millán R, Jiménez-Mejías ME, Ayerbe-Algaba R, Domínguez-Herrera J, Díaz C, Pérez Del Palacio J, Pachón J, Smani Y. Impact of the immune response modification by lysophosphatidylcholine in the efficacy of antibiotic therapy of experimental models of peritoneal sepsis and pneumonia by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: LPC therapeutic effect in combined therapy. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2020; 40:S0213-005X(20)30233-0. [PMID: 32674904 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune response stimulation may be an adjuvant to antimicrobial treatment. Here, we evaluated the impact of immune response modification by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), combined with imipenem or ceftazidime, in murine models of peritoneal sepsis (PS) and pneumonia induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS The imipenem and ceftazidime-susceptible strain (Pa39) and imipenem and ceftazidime-resistant strain (Pa238) were used. Ceftazidime pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters were determined. The therapeutic efficacy and TNF-α and IL-10 levels were determined in murine models of PS and pneumonia induced by Pa39 and Pa238 and treated with LPC, imipenem or ceftazidime, alone or in combination. RESULTS In the PS model, LPC+ceftazidime reduced spleen and lung Pa238 concentrations (-3.45 and -3.56log10CFU/g; P<0.05) to a greater extent than ceftazidime monotherapy, while LPC+imipenem maintained the imipenem efficacy (-1.66 and -1.45log10CFU/g; P>0.05). In the pneumonia model, LPC+ceftazidime or LPC+imipenem reduced the lung Pa238 concentrations (-2.37log10CFU/g, P=0.1, or -1.35log10CFU/g, P=0.75). For Pa39, no statistically significant difference was observed in the PS and pneumonia models between combined therapy and monotherapy. Moreover, LPC+imipenem and LPC+ceftazidime significantly decreased and increased the TNF-α and IL-10 levels, respectively, in comparison with the untreated controls and monotherapies. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the impact of immune response modification by LPC plus antibiotics on the prognosis of infections induced by ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Parra-Millán
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel E Jiménez-Mejías
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Rafael Ayerbe-Algaba
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Domínguez-Herrera
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Caridad Díaz
- Fundación Centro De Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Fundación MEDINA, Granada, Spain
| | - José Pérez Del Palacio
- Fundación Centro De Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Fundación MEDINA, Granada, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Pachón
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Younes Smani
- Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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27
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Knuplez E, Marsche G. An Updated Review of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Plasma Lysophosphatidylcholines in the Vascular System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4501. [PMID: 32599910 PMCID: PMC7350010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholines are a group of bioactive lipids heavily investigated in the context of inflammation and atherosclerosis development. While present in plasma during physiological conditions, their concentration can drastically increase in certain inflammatory states. Lysophosphatidylcholines are widely regarded as potent pro-inflammatory and deleterious mediators, but an increasing number of more recent studies show multiple beneficial properties under various pathological conditions. Many of the discrepancies in the published studies are due to the investigation of different species or mixtures of lysophatidylcholines and the use of supra-physiological concentrations in the absence of serum or other carrier proteins. Furthermore, interpretation of the results is complicated by the rapid metabolism of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in cells and tissues to pro-inflammatory lysophosphatidic acid. Interestingly, most of the recent studies, in contrast to older studies, found lower LPC plasma levels associated with unfavorable disease outcomes. Being the most abundant lysophospholipid in plasma, it is of utmost importance to understand its physiological functions and shed light on the discordant literature connected to its research. LPCs should be recognized as important homeostatic mediators involved in all stages of vascular inflammation. In this review, we want to point out potential pro- and anti-inflammatory activities of lysophospholipids in the vascular system and highlight recent discoveries about the effect of lysophosphatidylcholines on immune cells at the endothelial vascular interface. We will also look at their potential clinical application as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Knuplez
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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28
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Xiao X, Zhang T, Huang J, Zhao Q, Li F. Effect of CYP3A4 on liver injury induced by triptolide. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4864. [PMID: 32330997 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide (TP), one of the main bioactive diterpenes of the herbal medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, is used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases in the clinic and is accompanied by severe hepatotoxicity. CYP3A4 has been reported to be responsible for TP metabolism, but the mechanism remains unclear. The present study applied a UPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics analysis to characterize the effect of CYP3A4 on TP-induced hepatotoxicity. The metabolites carnitines, lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) and a serious of amino acids were found to be closely related to liver damage indexes in TP-treated female mice. Metabolomics analysis further revealed that the CYP3A4 inducer dexamethasone improved the level of LPCs and amino acids, and defended against oxidative stress. On the contrary, pretreatment with the CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole increased liver damage with most metabolites being markedly altered, especially carnitines. Among these metabolites, except for LPC18:2, LPC20:1 and arginine, dexamethasone and ketoconazole both affected oxidative stress induced by TP. The current study provides new mechanistic insights into the metabolic alterations, leading to understanding of the role of CYP3A4 in hepatotoxicity induced by TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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29
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Yoon SB, Lee CH, Kim HY, Jeong D, Jeon MK, Cho SA, Kim K, Lee T, Yang JY, Gong YD, Cho H. A novel sphingosylphosphorylcholine and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist, KRO-105714, for alleviating atopic dermatitis. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2020; 17:20. [PMID: 32514255 PMCID: PMC7257206 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-020-00244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a type of inflammation of the skin, which presents with itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. The high global incidence of atopic dermatitis makes it one of the major skin diseases threatening public health. Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) act as pro-inflammatory mediators, as an angiogenesis factor and a mitogen in skin fibroblasts, respectively, both of which are important biological responses to atopic dermatitis. The SPC level is known to be elevated in atopic dermatitis, resulting from abnormal expression of sphingomyelin (SM) deacylase, accompanied by a deficiency in ceramide. Also, S1P and its receptor, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) are important targets in treating atopic dermatitis. Results In this study, we found a novel antagonist of SPC and S1P1, KRO-105714, by screening 10,000 compounds. To screen the compounds, we used an SPC-induced cell proliferation assay based on a high-throughput screening (HTS) system and a human S1P1 protein-based [35S]-GTPγS binding assay. In addition, we confirmed the inhibitory effects of KRO-105714 on atopic dermatitis through related cell-based assays, including a tube formation assay, a cell migration assay, and an ELISA assay on inflammatory cytokines. Finally, we confirmed that KRO-105714 alleviates atopic dermatitis symptoms in a series of mouse models. Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest that SPC and S1P1 antagonist KRO-105714 has the potential to alleviate atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae-Bom Yoon
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Daeyoung Jeong
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Kook Jeon
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-A Cho
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, BK21PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmi Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Danguk University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116 Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701 South Korea
| | - Jung Yoon Yang
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Dae Gong
- Innovative Drug Library Research Center, Science College, Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715 Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyeong Cho
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114 Republic of Korea.,Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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30
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Chun J, Kihara Y, Jonnalagadda D, Blaho VA. Fingolimod: Lessons Learned and New Opportunities for Treating Multiple Sclerosis and Other Disorders. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 59:149-170. [PMID: 30625282 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fingolimod (FTY720, Gilenya) was the first US Food and Drug Administration-approved oral therapy for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Research on modified fungal metabolites converged with basic science studies that had identified lysophospholipid (LP) sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptors, providing mechanistic insights on fingolimod while validating LP receptors as drug targets. Mechanism of action (MOA) studies identified receptor-mediated processes involving the immune system and the central nervous system (CNS). These dual actions represent a more general theme for S1P and likely other LP receptor modulators. Fingolimod's direct CNS activities likely contribute to its efficacy in MS, with particular relevance to treating progressive disease stages and forms that involve neurodegeneration. The evolving understanding of fingolimod's MOA has provided strategies for developing next-generation compounds with superior attributes, suggesting new ways to target S1P as well as other LP receptor modulators for novel therapeutics in the CNS and other organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;
| | - Yasuyuki Kihara
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;
| | - Deepa Jonnalagadda
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;
| | - Victoria A Blaho
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA;
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31
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Liu P, Zhu W, Chen C, Yan B, Zhu L, Chen X, Peng C. The mechanisms of lysophosphatidylcholine in the development of diseases. Life Sci 2020; 247:117443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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32
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Association of proteome and metabolome signatures with severity in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. J Proteomics 2020; 214:103627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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33
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Lysophosphatidylcholine triggers cell differentiation in the protozoan parasite Herpetomonas samuelpessoai through the CK2 pathway. Acta Parasitol 2020; 65:108-117. [PMID: 31755068 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-019-00135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protozoa are distantly related to vertebrates but present some features of higher eukaryotes, making them good model systems for studying the evolution of basic processes such as the cell cycle. Herpetomonas samuelpessoai is a trypanosomatid parasite isolated from the hemipteran insect Zelus leucogrammus. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is implicated in the transmission and establishment of Chagas disease, whose etiological agent is Trypanosoma cruzi. LPC is synthesized by T. cruzi and its vectors, the hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma infestans. Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a phospholipid with potent and diverse physiological and pathophysiological actions, is a powerful inducer of cell differentiation in Herpetomonas muscarum muscarum and T. cruzi. The enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 2-ester bond of 3-sn-phosphoglyceride, transforming phosphatidylcholine (PC) into LPC. METHODS In this study, we evaluated cellular differentiation, PLA2 activity and protein kinase CK2 activity of H. samuelpessoai in the absence and in the presence of LPC and PAF. RESULTS We demonstrate that both PC and LPC promoted a twofold increase in the cellular differentiation of H. samuelpessoai, through CK2, with a concomitant inhibition of its cell growth. Intrinsic PLA2 most likely directs this process by converting PC into LPC. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the actions of LPC on H. samuelpessoai occur upon binding to a putative PAF receptor and that the protein kinase CK2 plays a major role in this process. Cartoon depicting a model for the synthesis and functions of LPC in Herpetomonas samuelpessoai, based upon our results regarding the role of LPC on the cell biology of Trypanosoma cruzi [28-32]. N nucleus, k kinetoplast, PC phosphatidylcholine, LPC lysophosphatidylcholine, PLA2 phospholipase A2, PAFR putative PAF receptor in trypanosomatids [65], CK2 protein kinase CK2 [16].
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Plasma Metabolic Profiling Analysis of Gout Party on Acute Gout Arthritis Rats Based on UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225753. [PMID: 31731809 PMCID: PMC6888674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gout Party is a Chinese medicine prescription composed of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparaia, Aconiti Radix Cocta, Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus, Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma, Rehmanniae Radix, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, which can relieve joint pain caused by gouty arthritis (GA) and rheumatoid, and has a therapeutic effect on acute gouty arthritis (AGA). However, little information is available on the molecular biological basis and therapeutic mechanism of Gout Party for the treatment of AGA. AGA model was established by injecting sodium urate, and colchicine served as a positive control drug. We established a metabolomic method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC–Q–TOF/MS) to analyze the plasma samples of model group rats and blank group rats. Multiple statistical analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), were used to examine metabolite profile changes in plasma samples. Finally, we identified 2–ketobutyric acid, 3–hexenedioic acid, but–2–enoic acid, and so on; 22 endogenous metabolites associated with AGA. After successful molding, we found that 2–ketobutyric acid, 3–hexenedioic acid, but–2–enoic acid, argininic acid, galactonic acid, lactic acid, equol 4′–O–glucuronide, deoxycholic acid glycine conjugate, glycocholic acid, sphinganine 1–phosphate, LPE (0:0/20:3), LPE (0:0/16:0), LPC (15:0) decreased significantly (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), alanine, erythrulose, 3–dehydrocarnitine, m–methylhippuric acid, 3–hydroxyoctanoic acid, p–cresol sulfate, estriol 3–sulfate 16–glucuronide, 10–hydroxy–9–(phosphonooxy)octadecenoate, docosahexaenoic acid increased significantly (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). After Gout Party treatment, 14 biomarkers had a tendency to normal conditions. These above biomarkers were mainly involved in fatty acid metabolism, bile acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism pathways. These results suggested that Gout Party exerted therapeutic effects of treating AGA by improving energy metabolism disorder and amino acid metabolism dysfunction, and attenuating fatty acid metabolism abnormal and inflammation. The results of this experiment provided a reference for revealing the metabolic mechanism produced by Gout Party in the treatment of AGA, but the subsequent studies need to be further improved and supported by relevant cell experiments and clinical experiments.
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Lee SJ, Wang H, Ahn SH, Son MK, Hyun GH, Yoon SJ, Lee J, Park JH, Lim J, Hong SS, Kwon SW. Metabolomics Approach Based on Multivariate Techniques for Blood Transfusion Reactions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1740. [PMID: 30741955 PMCID: PMC6370787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood transfusions temporarily improve the physical state of the patient but exert widespread effects on immune and non-immune systems. Perioperative allogeneic blood transfusions (ABT) are associated with various risks, including coagulopathy, incompatibility, transmission of infectious agents, and allergic reactions. Nevertheless, little is known about the global metabolic alterations that reflect the possible reactions of blood transfusions. In this study, we investigated metabolite changes generated by ABT in a rat model using metabolomics technology. To further profile the “metabolome” after blood transfusions, we used both liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight high-definition mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ABT promoted a stimulatory microenvironment associated with a relative increase in glucose transporter 1/4 (GLUT1/GLUT4) expression. Supporting this result, glucose metabolism-related enzyme IRS1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were abnormally expressed, and levels of lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) and its related enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2) were significantly altered in allogeneic groups compared to those in autologous groups. Finally, amino acid metabolism was also altered following ABT. Taken together, our results show a difference between autologous and allogeneic blood transfusions and demonstrate correlations with cancer-associated metabolic changes. Our data provide endogenous information for a better understanding of blood transfusion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Ji Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Haiping Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Ahn
- Department of Mathematics, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Mi Kwon Son
- College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Gyu Hwan Hyun
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sang Jun Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jeongmi Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Jeong Hill Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Johan Lim
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Hong
- College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Zhang Q, Xu H, Liu R, Gao P, Yang X, Jin W, Zhang Y, Bi K, Li Q. A Novel Strategy for Targeted Lipidomics Based on LC-Tandem-MS Parameters Prediction, Quantification, and Multiple Statistical Data Mining: Evaluation of Lysophosphatidylcholines as Potential Cancer Biomarkers. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3389-3396. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huarong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Metabolomics Core Facility of RHLCCC, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Urumqi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, 590 Youhao South Road, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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Gheibi Hayat SM, Bianconi V, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. Efferocytosis: molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological perspectives. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 97:124-133. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases; Department of Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases; Department of Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center; Pharmaceutical Technology Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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Bao L, Qi J, Wang YW, Xi Q, Tserennadmid T, Zhao PF, Qi J, Damirin A. The atherogenic actions of LPC on vascular smooth muscle cells and its LPA receptor mediated mechanism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1911-1918. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Specific oxylipins enhance vertebrate hematopoiesis via the receptor GPR132. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:9252-9257. [PMID: 30139917 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1806077115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are lipid-derived signaling molecules with cardioprotective and vasodilatory actions. We recently showed that 11,12-EET enhances hematopoietic induction and engraftment in mice and zebrafish. EETs are known to signal via G protein-coupled receptors, with evidence supporting the existence of a specific high-affinity receptor. Identification of a hematopoietic-specific EET receptor would enable genetic interrogation of EET signaling pathways, and perhaps clinical use of this molecule. We developed a bioinformatic approach to identify an EET receptor based on the expression of G protein-coupled receptors in cell lines with differential responses to EETs. We found 10 candidate EET receptors that are expressed in three EET-responsive cell lines, but not expressed in an EET-unresponsive line. Of these, only recombinant GPR132 showed EET-responsiveness in vitro, using a luminescence-based β-arrestin recruitment assay. Knockdown of zebrafish gpr132b prevented EET-induced hematopoiesis, and marrow from GPR132 knockout mice showed decreased long-term engraftment capability. In contrast to high-affinity EET receptors, GPR132 is reported to respond to additional hydroxy-fatty acids in vitro, and we found that these same hydroxy-fatty acids enhance hematopoiesis in the zebrafish. We conducted structure-activity relationship analyses using both cell culture and zebrafish assays on diverse medium-chain fatty acids. Certain oxygenated, unsaturated free fatty acids showed high activation of GPR132, whereas unoxygenated or saturated fatty acids had lower activity. Absence of the carbon-1 position carboxylic acid prevented activity, suggesting that this moiety is required for receptor activation. GPR132 responds to a select panel of oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids to enhance both embryonic and adult hematopoiesis.
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Matsuda A, Yamada M, Matsumoto S, Sakurazawa N, Yamada T, Matsutani T, Miyashita M, Uchida E. Lysophosphatidylcholine as a predictor of postoperative complications after colorectal cancer surgery. Surg Today 2018; 48:936-943. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-018-1675-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lee HJ, Ko HJ, Song DK, Jung YJ. Lysophosphatidylcholine Promotes Phagosome Maturation and Regulates Inflammatory Mediator Production Through the Protein Kinase A-Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase-p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway During Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Mouse Macrophages. Front Immunol 2018; 9:920. [PMID: 29755479 PMCID: PMC5934435 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is caused by the infectious agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Mtb has various survival strategies, including blockade of phagosome maturation and inhibition of antigen presentation. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is a major phospholipid component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and is involved in various cellular responses, such as activation of second messengers and bactericidal activity in neutrophils. In this study, macrophages were infected with a low infectious dose of Mtb and treated with LPC to investigate the bactericidal activity of LPC against Mtb. In macrophages infected with Mtb strain, H37Ra or H37Rv, LPC suppressed bacterial growth; however, this effect was suppressed in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) isolated from G2A (a G protein-coupled receptor involved in some LPC actions) knockout mice. LPC also promoted phagosome maturation via phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)–p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated reactive oxygen species production and intracellular Ca2+ release during Mtb infection. In addition, LPC induced increased levels of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) in Mtb-infected macrophages. Protein kinase A (PKA)-induced phosphorylation of GSK3β suppressed activation of NF-κB in LPC-treated macrophages during Mtb infection, leading to decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. These results suggest that LPC can effectively control Mtb growth by promoting phagosome maturation via cAMP-induced activation of the PKA–PI3K–p38 MAPK pathway. Moreover, LPC can regulate excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with bacterial infection of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Ji Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Institute of Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kun Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Xu YP, Sui XL, Zhang AS, Ye L, Gu FJ, Chen JH. Monocytes, endoplasmic reticulum stress and metabolomics in dogs with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome treated by continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration. Oncotarget 2018; 8:34992-35008. [PMID: 28380442 PMCID: PMC5471029 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We tried to investigate the mechanism of continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) treatment in monocytes function, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathways, metabolomics and histopathological changes of MODS dogs, and aimed to enhance the understanding of pathogenesis and provide novel avenues to potential therapies. METHODS 12 male Beagle dogs were used to develop the stable models of MODS by using hemorrhagic shock plus resuscitation and endotoxemia, and assigned randomly to CVVHDF group (n=6) and MODS group (n=6). The dogs in CVVHDF group were given the typical CVVHDF treatment for 24h after the completion of endotoxin intravenous infusion, while those in MODS group were offered the i.v heparin instead only. Serum sample were collected at five time points, i.e. before anesthesia, 0h, 6h, 12h and 24h after the endotoxin injection (T1~T5, respectively), and meanwhile, the changes of mRNA, protein and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) apoptosis rates in JNK, CHOP and Caspase-12 were observed before and after interfered by RNA interference technology. RESULTS The levels of DLA-DR, IL-1β and IL-4 were higher than those in MODS group after the CVVHDF treatment, and the early and late apoptosis rates showed downward trend compared with MODS group. In vitro and prior to RNA interference (RNAi), the levels of mRNA and protein expression and HUVECs apoptosis rates of JNK, CHOP and Caspase-12 in CVVHDF group were significantly lower compared to T1 and MODS group respectively. However, the levels of mRNA and protein expression and HUVECs apoptosis rates were significantly lower than those before interfered by RNAi in both two groups. The serum levels of LPCs, ornithine, proline, methionine, etc. were down-regulated while carnitines, FFAs, PC, etc. were increased significantly in MODS (T4), and the serum levels of methionine, proline, arginine and lysine were increased while carnitine, LPCs, PCs, SMs and orthophosporic acid were decreased after 12 hours CVVHDF treatment (T4). CONCLUSION CVVHDF treatment could reduce the apoptosis of the cells by enhancing the antigen presentation, improving the anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory imbalance and even correcting the metabolic disorder of amino acids and phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Peng Xu
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Sui
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Ai-Sha Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Feng-Juan Gu
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
| | - Ji-Hong Chen
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, China
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Tan M, Yamaguchi S, Yamahira S, Nakamura M, Nagamune T. Quantitative image cytometry for analyzing intracellular trafficking of G protein-coupled receptors on a chemical-trapping single cell array. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1933-1938. [PMID: 28475195 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00198c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important targets in medical and pharmaceutical research fields, because they play key roles in a variety of biological processes. Recently, intracellular trafficking of GPCRs involving endosomal internalization and recycling to the plasma membrane has been studied as a regulation mechanism for GPCR activities. However, the absence of a quantitative single-cell analysis method has hampered conditional GPCR trafficking studies and the possibility of gaining significant insights into the mechanism of regulation of GPCR signaling. Here, we report a facile image cytometry method to analyze the trafficking of GPCRs. In this method, GPCR-expressing cells were arrayed with a photo-responsive cell-immobilizing reagent in a single-cell manner, and the tagged GPCR was visualized by pulse-labeling with a fluorescent dye through sortase-mediated peptide-tag ligation. We quantified the intracellular distribution changes of a pH-dependent GPCR, G2A, by time-course observation under mildly acidic and slightly basic pH conditions. The difference in pH-dependent G2A trafficking between individual cells was automatically detected by an image analysis custom software program, and simultaneously, the average distribution ratios were also determined for understanding the properties of G2A. The present method should be applicable for investigating the dynamic intracellular trafficking of a wide variety of GPCRs under various conditions in a high-throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Modong Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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Huang YH, Su YS, Chang CJ, Sun WH. Heteromerization of G2A and OGR1 enhances proton sensitivity and proton-induced calcium signals. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2016; 36:633-644. [PMID: 27049592 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2016.1155064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Proton-sensing G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs; OGR1, GPR4, G2A, TDAG8), with full activation at pH 6.4 ∼ 6.8, are important to pH homeostasis, immune responses and acid-induced pain. Although G2A mediates the G13-Rho pathway in response to acid, whether G2A activates Gs, Gi or Gq proteins remains debated. In this study, we examined the response of this fluorescence protein-tagged OGR1 family to acid stimulation in HEK293T cells. G2A did not generate detectable intracellular calcium or cAMP signals or show apparent receptor redistribution with moderate acid (pH ≥ 6.0) stimulation but reduced cAMP accumulation under strong acid stimulation (pH ≤ 5.5). Surprisingly, coexpression of OGR1- and G2A-enhanced proton sensitivity and proton-induced calcium signals. This alteration is attributed to oligomerization of OGR1 and G2A. The oligomeric potential locates receptors at a specific site, which leads to enhanced proton-induced calcium signals through channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Han Huang
- a Department of Life Sciences , National Central University , Jhongli , Taiwan and
| | - Yeu-Shiuan Su
- a Department of Life Sciences , National Central University , Jhongli , Taiwan and
| | - Chung-Jen Chang
- a Department of Life Sciences , National Central University , Jhongli , Taiwan and
| | - Wei-Hsin Sun
- a Department of Life Sciences , National Central University , Jhongli , Taiwan and.,b Center for Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering, National Central University , Jhongli , Taiwan
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Li L, Matsuoka I, Sakamoto K, Kimura J. Differential effects of lysophosphatidylcholine and ACh on muscarinic K(+),non-selective cation and Ca(2+) currents in guinea-pig atrial cells. Fukushima J Med Sci 2016; 62:27-35. [PMID: 26911304 DOI: 10.5387/fms.2015-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the effects of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and acetylcholine (ACh) on IK(ACh), ICa and a non-selective cation current (INSC) in guinea-pig atrial myocytes to clarify whether LPC and ACh activate similar Gi/o-coupled effector systems. IK(ACh), ICa and INSC were analyzed in single atrial myocytes by the whole cell patch-clamp. LPC induced INSC in a concentration-dependent manner in atrial cells. ACh activated IK(ACh), but failed to evoke INSC. LPC also activated IK(ACh) but with significantly less potency than ACh. The effects of both ligands on IK(ACh) were inhibited by intracellular loading of pre-activated PTX. This treatment also inhibited LPC-induced INSC, indicating that IK(ACh) and INSC induced by LPC are both mediated by Gi/o. LPC and ACh had similar potencies in inhibiting ICa, which was pre-augmented by forskolin, indicating that LPC and ACh activate similar amounts of α-subunits of Gi/o. The different effects of LPC and ACh on IK(ACh) and INSC may suggest that LPC and ACh activate Gi/o having different types of βγ subunits, and that LPC-induced INSC may be mediated by βγ subunits of Gi/o, which are less effective in inducing IK(ACh).
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Affiliation(s)
- Libing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
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Tanaka H, Zaima N, Sasaki T, Yamamoto N, Inuzuka K, Sano M, Konno H, Urano T, Setou M, Unno N. Characteristic Distribution Pattern of Lysophosphatidylcholine in Fibromuscular Dysplasia-Associated Visceral Artery Aneurysms Compared with Atherosclerotic Visceral Artery Aneurysms. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 23:673-80. [PMID: 26666464 DOI: 10.5551/jat.32318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Asymptomatic visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) have increasingly been found, with most being either atherosclerotic VAAs or fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)-associated VAAs. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of both diseases. We aimed to identify the differences in the distribution pattern of lipid molecules between atherosclerotic VAAs and FMD-associated VAAs. METHODS We conducted a histological study of VAAs using imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) to assess the accumulation of lipid molecules in both the aneurysmal sac and the adjacent arteries without aneurysmal changes in 17 VAA samples, which were resected during the surgery. RESULTS IMS revealed characteristic distributions of cholesterol ester in intima and media in the atherosclerotic VAAs, which was hardly detected in FMD-associated VAAs. However, lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), a proinflammatory and proapoptotic lipid mediator, was accumulated in the medial ridge of the adventitia of FMD-associated in the aneurysmal sac, and it was also diffusely accumulated in the adjacent arteries. In contrast, lysoPC was accumulated in the area of intimal hyperplasia in atherosclerotic VAAs and the adjacent arteries. CONCLUSION The distribution patterns of lipid molecules were different between the FMD-associated and atherosclerotic VAAs. The diffuse accumulation of lysoPCs in the visceral arteries may be a predisposition for the formation of FMD-associated VAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
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Molecular mechanisms of target recognition by lipid GPCRs: relevance for cancer. Oncogene 2015; 35:4021-35. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Fang S, Niu Y, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Yu L, Li X. Liposomes assembled from a dual drug-tailed phospholipid for cancer therapy. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1232-8. [PMID: 25690917 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel dual drug-tailed phospholipid which can form liposomes as a combination of prodrug and drug carrier. An amphiphilic dual chlorambucil-tailed phospholipid (DCTP) was synthesized by a straightforward esterification. With two chlorambucil molecules as hydrophobic tails and one glycerophosphatidylcholine molecule as a hydrophilic head, the DCTP, a phospholipid prodrug, undergoes assembly to form a liposome without any additives by the thin lipid film technique. The DCTP liposomes, as an effective carrier of chlorambucil, exhibited a very high loading capacity and excellent stability. The liposomes had higher cytotoxic effects to cancer cell lines than free DCTP and chlorambucil. The in vivo antitumor activity assessment indicated that the DCTP liposomes could inhibit the tumor growth effectively. This novel strategy of dual drug-tailed phospholipid liposomes may be also applicable to other hydrophobic anticancer drugs which have great potential in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096 (P.R. China)
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Lysophosphatidylcholine exacerbates Leishmania major-dendritic cell infection through interleukin-10 and a burst in arginase1 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activities. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 25:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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50
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Shehata MA, Belcik Christensen H, Isberg V, Sejer Pedersen D, Bender A, Bräuner-Osborne H, Gloriam DE. Identification of the first surrogate agonists for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR132. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04804d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first pharmacological tool agonist for in vitro characterization of the orphan receptor GPR132, preliminary structure–activity relationships based on 32 analogs and a suggested binding mode from docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Shehata
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - Hanna Belcik Christensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - Vignir Isberg
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - Daniel Sejer Pedersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - Andreas Bender
- Centre for Molecular Informatics
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Hans Bräuner-Osborne
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - David E. Gloriam
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
- University of Copenhagen
- 2100 Copenhagen
- Denmark
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