1
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Goodwin CAP. What is a Sandwich Complex? Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9363-9365. [PMID: 38306455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Conrad A P Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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2
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Landaeta VR, Horsley Downie TM, Wolf R. Low-Valent Transition Metalate Anions in Synthesis, Small Molecule Activation, and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1323-1463. [PMID: 38354371 PMCID: PMC10906008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This review surveys the synthesis and reactivity of low-oxidation state metalate anions of the d-block elements, with an emphasis on contributions reported between 2006 and 2022. Although the field has a long and rich history, the chemistry of transition metalate anions has been greatly enhanced in the last 15 years by the application of advanced concepts in complex synthesis and ligand design. In recent years, the potential of highly reactive metalate complexes in the fields of small molecule activation and homogeneous catalysis has become increasingly evident. Consequently, exciting applications in small molecule activation have been developed, including in catalytic transformations. This article intends to guide the reader through the fascinating world of low-valent transition metalates. The first part of the review describes the synthesis and reactivity of d-block metalates stabilized by an assortment of ligand frameworks, including carbonyls, isocyanides, alkenes and polyarenes, phosphines and phosphorus heterocycles, amides, and redox-active nitrogen-based ligands. Thereby, the reader will be familiarized with the impact of different ligand types on the physical and chemical properties of metalates. In addition, ion-pairing interactions and metal-metal bonding may have a dramatic influence on metalate structures and reactivities. The complex ramifications of these effects are examined in a separate section. The second part of the review is devoted to the reactivity of the metalates toward small inorganic molecules such as H2, N2, CO, CO2, P4 and related species. It is shown that the use of highly electron-rich and reactive metalates in small molecule activation translates into impressive catalytic properties in the hydrogenation of organic molecules and the reduction of N2, CO, and CO2. The results discussed in this review illustrate that the potential of transition metalate anions is increasingly being tapped for challenging catalytic processes with relevance to organic synthesis and energy conversion. Therefore, it is hoped that this review will serve as a useful resource to inspire further developments in this dynamic research field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Wolf
- University of Regensburg, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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3
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Wang M, Wang Y. Advances for Triangular and Sandwich-Shaped All-Metal Aromatics. Molecules 2024; 29:763. [PMID: 38398515 PMCID: PMC10892378 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Much experimental work has been contributed to all-metal σ, π and δ-aromaticity among transition metals, semimetallics and other metals in the past two decades. Before our focused investigations on the properties of triangular and sandwich-shaped all-metal aromatics, A. I. Boldyrev presented general discussions on the concepts of all-metal σ-aromaticity and σ-antiaromaticity for metallo-clusters. Schleyer illustrated that Nucleus-Independent Chemical Shifts (NICS) were among the most authoritative criteria for aromaticity. Ugalde discussed the earlier developments of all-metal aromatic compounds with all possible shapes. Besides the theoretical predictions, many stable all-metal aromatic trinuclear clusters have been isolated as the metallic analogues of either the σ-aromatic molecule's [H3]+ ion or the π-aromatic molecule's [C3H3]+ ion. Different from Hoffman's opinion on all-metal aromaticity, triangular all-metal aromatics were found to hold great potential in applications in coordination chemistry, catalysis, and material science. Triangular all-metal aromatics, which were theoretically proved to conform to the Hückel (4n + 2) rule and possess the smallest aromatic ring, could also play roles as stable ligands during the formation of all-metal sandwiches. The triangular and sandwich-shaped all-metal aromatics have not yet been specifically summarized despite their diversity of existence, puissant developments and various interesting applications. These findings are different from the public opinion that all-metal aromatics would be limited to further applications due to their overstated difficulties in synthesis and uncertain stabilities. Our review will specifically focus on the summarization of theoretical predictions, feasible syntheses and isolations, and multiple applications of triangular and sandwich shaped all-metal aromatics. The appropriateness and necessities of this review will emphasize and disseminate their importance and applications forcefully and in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanlan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China;
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4
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Ji Y, Lv H, Wu X. First-principles calculations of inorganic metallocene nanowires. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:985-989. [PMID: 38298596 PMCID: PMC10825901 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00926b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by the recently synthesized inorganic metallocene derivatives Fe(P4)22-, we have identified four stable inorganic metallocene nanowires, MP4 (M = Sc, Ti, Cr and Fe) in configurations of either regular quadrangular prism (Q-type) or anticube (A-type), and further investigated their magnetic and electronic characteristics utilizing the first-principles calculation. It shows that CrP4 is a ferromagnetic metal, while other nanowires are semiconducting antiferromagnets with bandgaps of 0.44, 1.88, and 2.29 eV within the HSE06 level. It also shows that both ScP4 and TiP4 can be stabilized in the Q-type and A-type, corresponding to the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic ground states, respectively, indicating a configuration-dependent magnetism. The thermodynamic and lattice stabilities are confirmed by the ab initio molecular dynamics and phonon spectra. This study has unmasked the structural and physical properties of novel inorganic metallocene nanowires, and revealed their potential application in spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangqi Ji
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Haifeng Lv
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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5
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Qiao L, Yang T, Frenking G, Sun ZM. [Ga@Bi 10(NbMes) 2] 3-: a linear Nb-Ga I-Nb filament coordinated by a bismuth cage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4024-4027. [PMID: 36920786 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00631j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a low-valent Ga(I) complex, [Ga@Bi10(NbMes)2]3-, with a linear Nb-Ga-Nb fragment, representing the first compound with Nb-Ga and Nb-Bi bonds. Quantum-chemical calculations reveal that the complex is an electron-precise cluster. The possible fragmentation pathway of the title cluster was studied by using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Element-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab for Institution Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, Donostia 20080, Euskadi, Spain.,Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Zhong-Ming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Element-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab for Institution Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, Tianjin, China.
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6
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Riesinger C, Dielmann F, Szlosek R, Virovets AV, Scheer M. Synthesis and Reactivity of a Cyclooctatetraene-Like Polyphosphorus Ligand Complex [Cyclo-P 8 ]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218828. [PMID: 36692270 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The thermolysis of Cp'''Ta(CO)4 with white phosphorus (P4 ) gives access to [{Cp'''Ta}2 (μ,η2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 1 : 1 -P8 )] (A), representing the first complex containing a cyclooctatetraene-like (COT) cyclo-P8 ligand. While ring sizes of n >6 have remained elusive for cyclo-Pn structural motifs, the choice of the transition metal, co-ligand and reaction conditions allowed the isolation of A. Reactivity investigations reveal its versatile coordination behaviour as well as its redox properties. Oxidation leads to dimerization to afford [{Cp'''Ta}4 (μ4 ,η2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 -P16 )][TEF]2 (4, TEF=[Al(OC{CF3 }3 )4 ]- ). Reduction, however, leads to the fission of one P-P bond in A followed by rapid dimerization to form [K@[2.2.2]cryptand]2 [{Cp'''Ta}4 (μ4 ,η2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 -P16 )] (5), which features an unprecedented chain-type P16 ligand. Lastly, A serves as a P2 synthon, via ring contraction to the triple-decker complex [{Cp'''Ta}2 (μ,η6 : 6 -P6 )] (B).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Riesinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Dielmann
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robert Szlosek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander V Virovets
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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7
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Wang Y, Shi X, Wu W, Deng X, Xin K, Zhou Z, Tang L, Ning Z. Theoretical Exploration of Peculiar Sandwich-Type Clusters Formed by the Coordination of E 92- (E = Si, Ge, Sn) Zintl Clusters: Structural Properties, Active Sites, and Hydrogen Storage. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:14485-14496. [PMID: 36378259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A peculiar heterogeneous metal sandwich fragment {(Ge9)2[η6-Ge(PdPPh3)3]}4- anion cluster was synthesized for the first time by Xu et al. (Xu, H. L.; Tkachenko, N. V.; Wang, Z. C.; Chen, W. X.; Qiao, L.; Munoz-Castro, A.; Boldyrev, A. I.; Sun, Z. M. Nat. Commun.2020, 11, 5286). In this work, novel analogous sandwich compounds ({(E9)2[η6-E(PdPH3)3]}4- (E = Si (1), Ge (2), Sn (3)) were studied using quantum chemical calculations and wave function analysis to determine the geometry, bonding nature, aromaticity, active sites, and hydrogen storage. Structural analysis revealed that the clusters were compounds formed by the coordination of two E92- (E = Si, Ge, Sn) Zintl clusters with a central E@Pd3 (E = Si, Ge, Sn) interlayer. The steric hindrance at both ends is small, facilitating facile attachment to other molecules. The valence states of the central atom E (E = Si, Ge, Sn) are close to zero, indicating that they are stable novel heterometallic sandwich compounds, and the Zintl ligands at both ends are negative, thus they can react with Lewis acids. Bonding analysis showed that the E92- (E = Si, Ge, Sn) cluster has a delocalized framework bonding mode. For aromaticity analysis, we used AdNDP, ELF, LOL, ICSS, and NICS to qualitatively and quantitatively clarify that these clusters possess the characteristics of overall delocalization, σ aromaticity, and remarkable stability. By analyzing the unique structure and predicting the reaction sites, we concluded that the E92- ligand reacts with Lewis acids. Finally, through the adsorption of hydrogen molecules, the average adsorption energies of 1-3 were 0.387, 0.374, and 0.325 eV per H2 molecule, respectively, meeting the physical adsorption standard, with the adsorption effect of 3 being slightly more superior than that of 1 and 2. Our study represents a substantial step forward in the study of high-density materials for volumetric H2 storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Yunnan Province, Kunming650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Shi
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Yunnan Province, Kunming650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Yunnan Province, Kunming650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhong Deng
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Yunnan Province, Kunming650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Xin
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Yunnan Province, Kunming650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqing Zhou
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Yunnan Province, Kunming650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Tang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Yunnan Province, Kunming650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Ning
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Yunnan Province, Kunming650091, People's Republic of China
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8
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Petrov A, Conrad L, Coles NT, Weber M, Andrae D, Zagidullin A, Miluykov V, Müller C. Reactivity of Sodium Pentaphospholide Na[
cyclo
‐P
5
] towards C≡E (E=C, N, P) Triple Bonds. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202203056. [PMID: 36210344 PMCID: PMC10098531 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A diglyme solution of Na[cyclo-P5 ] (1) reacts with alkynes and isolobal nitriles and phosphaalkynes to afford the otherwise elusive (aza)phospholide anions 2 a-c, 4 a,b, and 6. The reaction of Na[cyclo-P5 ] with alkynes and nitriles was studied by means of DFT methods, which suggested a concerted mechanism for the formation of 2 a and 4 b. The anions 2 a-c, 4 a,b, and 6 coordinate in an η5 -fashion towards FeII to give the sandwich (aza)phosphametallocenes 3 a-c, 5 a,b and 7 in moderate to good yields. The new compounds were characterized by means of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Petrov
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr. 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Lawrence Conrad
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Nathan T. Coles
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr. 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Manuela Weber
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr. 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Dirk Andrae
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Almaz Zagidullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Str. 8 Kazan Russia
| | - Vasili Miluykov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Str. 8 Kazan Russia
| | - Christian Müller
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr. 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
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9
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Kelly JA, Streitferdt V, Dimitrova M, Westermair FF, Gschwind RM, Berger RJF, Wolf R. Transition-Metal-Stabilized Heavy Tetraphospholide Anions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20434-20441. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John A. Kelly
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Verena Streitferdt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria Dimitrova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Franz F. Westermair
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ruth M. Gschwind
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Raphael J. F. Berger
- Department for Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Robert Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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10
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Joshi G, Sreerag MN, Jemmis ED, Nixon JF. P n Ring Size Dependence on NHC-Induced Ring Contraction Reactions of [CoCp‴(η 4-P 4)], [Ta(CO) 2Cp″(η 4-P 4)], and [FeCp*(η 5-P 5)]: A DFT Study. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15822-15830. [PMID: 36169982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The facile ring contraction of [CoCp‴(η4-P4)] and [Ta(CO)2Cp″(η4-P4)] to [CoCp‴(η3-P3)][(MeNHC)2P] and [Ta(CO)2Cp″(η3-P3)] [(MeNHC)2P] induced by MeNHC and the absence of the ring contraction of [FeCp*(η5-P5)] under the same conditions are studied by density functional theory (DFT) computations. The latter is estimated to be thermodynamically the least favorable reaction and also has a very high energy barrier. The similar strain energies of P3 and P4 rings and the lower strain energy of the P5 ring play a decisive role in the ring contraction capability of these [TM-cyclo-Pn] complexes. Theoretical approaches involving NBO and IBO analysis have been employed to provide a qualitative picture of the overall reactions. The role of substituents and the nature of transition metals in determining the energetics of these reactions has also been studied and an isolobal perspective on these systems affords a simplified picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Joshi
- Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Bengaluru 560012, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - John F Nixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ U.K
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11
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Abstract
Inorganic metallocene derivatives containing only cyclo-Pn ligands have been targeted for more than 20 years, but their syntheses have never been achieved by pursuing the conventional route of using P4 phosphorus except for the generation of [Ti(η5-P5)2]2-. Herein, we report a facile one-step method for the synthesis of the homoleptic iron complex [Fe(P4)2]2- by the Zintl-phase-type precursor KP. 31P NMR analyses indicate that upon dissolving the KP phase in ethylenediamine P42- was generated only in the presence of 2,2,2-crypt. The amounts of cation-sequestering agents, the type of iron precursor, and their consuming ratio have a decisive impact on the yield of [Fe(P4)2]2-. Both the FeII and the FeIII precursors can oxidize P42- to give a concomitant product [(P7)Fe(P4)]3-, which can be partially inhibited by the addition of potassium to produce relatively pure crystalline [K(2,2,2-crypt)]2[Fe(P4)2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Chuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Element-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Element-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Element-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Ouellette ET, Magdalenski JS, Bergman RG, Arnold J. Applications of Low-Valent Transition Metalates: Development of a Reactive Noncarbonyl Rhenium(I) Anion. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:783-793. [PMID: 35171568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Low-valent transition metalates─anionic, electronic-rich organometallic complexes─comprise a class of highly reactive chemical reagents that find integral applications in organic synthesis, small-molecule activation, transient species stabilization, and M-E bond formation, among others. The inherent reactivity of such electron-rich metal centers has necessitated the widespread use of strong backbonding ligands, particularly carbonyls, to aid in the isolation and handling of metalate reagents, albeit sometimes at the expense of partially masking their full reactivity. However, recent synthetic explorations into transition-metalate complexes devoid of archetypic back-bonding ligands have led to the discovery of highly reactive metalates capable of performing a variety of novel chemical transformations.Building on our group's long-standing interest in reactive organometallic species, a series of rational progressions in early-to-middle transition-metal chemistry ultimately led to our isolation of a rhenium(I) β-diketiminate cyclopentadienide metalate that displays exceptional reactivity. We have found this Re(I) metalate to be capable of small-molecule activation; notably, the complex reversibly binds dinitrogen in solution and can be utilized to trap N2 for the synthesis of functionalized diazenido species. By employing isolobal analogues to N2 (CO and RNC), we were able to thoroughly monitor the mechanism of activation and conclude that the metalate's sodium counterion plays an integral role in promoting dinitrogen activation through a novel side-on interaction. The Re(I) metalate is also used in forming a variety of M-E bonds, including a series of uncommon rhenium-tetrylene (Si, Ge, and Sn) complexes that display varying degrees of multiple bonding. These metal tetrylenes act to highlight deviations in chemical properties within the group 14 elements. Our metalate's utility also applies to metal-metal bond formation, as demonstrated through the synthesis of a heterotetrametallic rhenium-zinc dimer. In this reaction, the Re(I) metalate performs a dual role as a reductant and metalloligand to stabilize a transient Zn22+ core fragment. Finally, the metalate displays unique reactivity with uranium(III) to yield the first transition metal-actinide inverse-sandwich bonds, in this case with three rhenium fragments bound through their Cp moieties surrounding the uranium center. Notably, throughout these endeavors we demonstrate that the metalate displays reactivity at multiple locations, including directly at the rhenium metal center, at a Cp carbon, through a Cp-sandwich mode, or through reversibly bound dinitrogen.Overall, the rhenium(I) metalate described herein demonstrates utility in diverse applications: small-molecule activation, the stabilization of reduced and/or unstable species, and the formation of unconventional M-E/M-M bonds or heterometallic complexes. Moving forward, we suggest that the continued discovery of noncarbonyl, electron-rich transition-metal anions featuring new or unconventional ligands should produce additional reactive organometallic species capable of stabilizing unique structural motifs and performing novel and unusual chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik T. Ouellette
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Julian S. Magdalenski
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert G. Bergman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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13
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Lin L, Wang Y, Xu L. Charge and Configuration Evolution of Intermetalloid Clusters [(Ge9)2M]q− (M/q = Ge/4, In/5, Cd/6, and K/7). Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
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14
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Organometallic polyphosphorus complexes as diversified building blocks in coordination chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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Hierlmeier G, Coburger P, Scott DJ, Maier TM, Pelties S, Wolf R, Pividori DM, Meyer K, van Leest NP, de Bruin B. Di-tert-butyldiphosphatetrahedrane as a Source of 1,2-Diphosphacyclobutadiene Ligands. Chemistry 2021; 27:14936-14946. [PMID: 34424579 PMCID: PMC8596834 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of di‐tert‐butyldiphosphatetrahedrane (1) with cycloocta‐1,5‐diene‐ or anthracene‐stabilised metalate anions of iron and cobalt consistently afford complexes of the rarely encountered 1,2‐diphosphacyclobutadiene ligand, which have previously been very challenging synthetic targets. The subsequent reactivity of 1,2‐diphosphacyclobutadiene cobaltates toward various electrophiles has also been investigated and is compared to reactions of related 1,3‐diphosphacyclobutadiene complexes. The results highlight the distinct reactivity of such isomeric species, showing that the 1,2‐isomers can act as precursors for previously unknown triphospholium ligands. The electronic structures of the new complexes were investigated by several methods, including NMR, EPR and Mößbauer spectroscopies as well as quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Coburger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.,present address: Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel J Scott
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas M Maier
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pelties
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Wolf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel M Pividori
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolaas P van Leest
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
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16
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Riesinger C, Balázs G, Seidl M, Scheer M. Substituted aromatic pentaphosphole ligands - a journey across the p-block. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13037-13044. [PMID: 34745534 PMCID: PMC8513863 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04296c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The functionalization of pentaphosphaferrocene [Cp*Fe(η5-P5)] (1) with cationic group 13-17 electrophiles is shown to be a general synthetic strategy towards P-E bond formation of unprecedented diversity. The products of these reactions are dinuclear [{Cp*Fe}2{μ,η5:5-(P5)2EX2}][TEF] (EX2 = BBr2 (2), GaI2 (3), [TEF]- = [Al{OC(CF3)3}4]-) or mononuclear [Cp*Fe(η5-P5E)][X] (E = CH2Ph (4), CHPh2 (5), SiHPh2 (6), AsCy2 (7), SePh (9), TeMes (10), Cl (11), Br (12), I (13)) complexes of hetero-bis-pentaphosphole ((cyclo-P5)2R) or hetero-pentaphosphole ligands (cyclo-P5R), the aromatic all-phosphorus analogs of prototypical cyclopentadienes. Further, modifying the steric and electronic properties of the electrophile has a drastic impact on its reactivity and leads to the formation of [Cp*Fe(μ,η5:2-P5)SbICp'''][TEF] (8) which possesses a triple-decker-like structure. X-ray crystallographic characterization reveals the slightly twisted conformation of the cyclo-P5R ligands in these compounds and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy confirms their integrity in solution. DFT calculations shed light on the bonding situation of these compounds and confirm the aromatic character of the pentaphosphole ligands on a journey across the p-block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Riesinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
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17
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Kelly JA, Gramüller J, Gschwind RM, Wolf R. Low-oxidation state cobalt-magnesium complexes: ion-pairing and reactivity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13985-13992. [PMID: 34542141 PMCID: PMC8507399 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02621f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium cobaltates (Arnacnac)MgCo(COD)2 (1-3) were synthesised by reacting (Arnacnac)MgI(OEt2) with K[Co(η4-COD)2] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) [Arnacnac = CH(ArNCMe)2; Ar = 2,4,6-Me3-C6H2 (Mes), 2,6-Et2-C6H3 (Dep), 2,6-iPr2-C6H3Mes (Dipp)]. Compounds 1-3 form contact ion-pairs in toluene, while solvent separated ion-pairs are formed in THF. The effect of ion-pairing on the reactivity is illustrated by reaction of 2 with tert-butylphosphaalkyne, which affords distinct 1,3-diphosphacyclobutadiene complexes. The heteroleptic sandwich complex [(Depnacnac)MgCo(P2C2tBu2)]2 (4) is selectively formed in toluene, while the homoleptic bis(1,3-diphosphacyclobutadiene) complex [(Depnacnac)Mg(THF)3][Co(P2C2tBu2)2] (5) is obtained in THF. Complex 4 is a precursor to further unusual phosphaorganometallic compounds. Substitution of the labile COD ligand in 4 by white phosphorus (P4) enabled the synthesis of the phosphorus-rich sandwich compound [(Depnacnac)MgCoP4(P2C2tBu2)]2 (6). The heterobimetallic complex (Cp*NiP2C2tBu2)Co(COD) (7) was isolated after treatment of 4 with Cp*Ni(acac) (Cp* = C5Me5, acac = acetylacetonate).
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Kelly
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Johannes Gramüller
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ruth M Gschwind
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Wolf
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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18
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Li AM, Wang Y, Zavalij PY, Chen YS, Muñoz-Castro A, Eichhorn BW. Contrasting Bonding Extremes in Two [Ge 6] n- Complexes: A Wadian Polyhedron ( n = 2) versus a Hydrocarbon-like 2c-2e Polygermanide ( n = 12). Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14697-14705. [PMID: 34555280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[Nb(η6-C6H3Me3)2] reacts with ethylenediamine (en) solutions of K4Ge9 in the presence of 18-crown-6 to give [(η6-C6H3Me3)NbHGe6]2- (1) and [(η6-C6H3Me3)NbGe6Nb(η6-C6H3Me3)]2- (2) as their corresponding [K(18-crown-6)]+ salts. The crystalline solids are dark brown, air-sensitive, and sparingly soluble or insoluble in most solvents. The [K(18-crown-6)]+ salts of cluster ions 1 and 2 have been characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, NMR studies, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and electrospray ionization time-of-flight (ESI-TOF) mass spectrometry studies. Cluster ions 1 and 2 have markedly different [Ge6] moieties: an electron-deficient carborane-like subunit in 1 and a two-center, two-electron cyclohexane-like subunit in 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Min Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Peter Y Zavalij
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Llano Subercaseaux 2801, San Miguel, Santiago Chile
| | - Bryan W Eichhorn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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19
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Druzina AA, Shmalko AV, Sivaev IB, Bregadze VI. Cyclic oxonium derivatives of cobalt and iron bis(dicarbollides) and their use in organic synthesis. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Giusti L, Landaeta VR, Vanni M, Kelly JA, Wolf R, Caporali M. Coordination chemistry of elemental phosphorus. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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Neutral all metal aromatic half-sandwich complexes between alkaline earth and transition metals: an ab initio exploration. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01807-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Ghana P, Schrader S, Rajeshkumar T, Spaniol TP, Englert U, Maron L, Okuda J. Reduced Arene Complexes of Hafnium Supported by a Triamidoamine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14179-14187. [PMID: 33890350 PMCID: PMC8252659 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of hafnium complexes with a reduced arene of the general formula [K(L)][Hf(Xy-N3 N)(arene)] (Xy-N3 N={(3,5-Me2 C6 H3 )NCH2 CH2 }3 N3- , L=THF, 18-crown-6; arene=C10 H8 2- , C14 H10 2- ) mimic the chemistry of hafnium in its formal oxidation state +II. All compounds were obtained upon reduction of the chlorido complex [HfCl(Xy-N3 N)(thf)] with two equivalents of potassium naphthalenide or anthracenide. The reducing nature and the basicity of the reduced anthracene ligand were explored in the reaction of benzonitrile and azobenzene, and by deprotonation of tert-butylacetylene, respectively. The reduction of benzonitrile provides an initial double nitrile insertion product under kinetic control that rearranges after extrusion of one of the inserted nitriles to a hafnium imido complex as the thermodynamic product. The reduction of azobenzene resulted in a diphenylhydrazido(2-) complex. Treatment of terminal alkynes with the anthracene or diphenylhydrazido(2-) complex led to the selective protonation of the corresponding dianionic ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyabrata Ghana
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Sebastian Schrader
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Université de Toulouse et CNRSINSAUPSUMR 5215LPCNO135 Avenue de RangueilF-31077ToulouseFrance
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRSINSAUPSUMR 5215LPCNO135 Avenue de RangueilF-31077ToulouseFrance
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
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Ghana P, Schrader S, Rajeshkumar T, Spaniol TP, Englert U, Maron L, Okuda J. Reduzierte Arenkomplexe von Hafnium mit einem Triamidoaminliganden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyabrata Ghana
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Schrader
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO 135 Avenue de Rangueil F-31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO 135 Avenue de Rangueil F-31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institut für anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
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24
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Zhang Z, Yang Z, Pu L, Chen X, Li Y, Wang J, Zhao L, King RB. Mechanism for the Reaction of White Phosphorus with Cp 2Cr 2(CO) 6 Leading Ultimately to the Triple-Decker Sandwich Cp 2Cr 2(μ-η 5,η 5-P 5): A Theoretical Study. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5955-5968. [PMID: 33834774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The experimentally known reaction of Cp2Cr2(CO)6 with white phosphorus (P4) to give CpCr(CO)2(η3-P3), Cp2Cr2(CO)4(μ-η,2η2-P2), and the triple-decker sandwich Cp2Cr2(μ-η,5η5-P5) is of interest since the P4 reactant having a tetrahedral cluster of four phosphorus atoms is converted to products having P2, P3, and P5 ligands. The mechanism of this obviously complicated reaction can be dissected into three stages using a coupled cluster theoretical method that has been benchmarked with the P2, Mn(CO)5, and CpCr(CO)3 dimerization processes. The first stage of the Cp2Cr2(CO)6/P4 reaction mechanism generates the unsaturated singlet intermediate Cp2Cr2(CO)5 that combines with the P4 reactant. Decarbonylation of the resulting Cp2Cr2(CO)5(P4) complex provides a singlet tetracarbonyl readily fragmenting into the stable triphosphacyclopropenyl complex CpCr(CO)2(η3-P3) and the chromium phosphide CpCr(CO)2(P). The isomeric triplet tetracarbonyl Cp2Cr2(CO)4(P4), readily fragments into CpCr(CO)2(η2-P2), which can generate the stable diphosphaacetylene complex Cp2Cr2(CO)4(η,2η2-P2) as well as the pentamer [CpCr(CO)2]5(P10). Combination of the coordinately unsaturated CpCr(CO)(η3-P3) with CpCr(CO)2(η2-P2) can lead to a ring expansion. This generates the P5 pentagonal ligand in a Cp2Cr2(CO)3(P5) precursor to the experimentally observed carbonyl-free triple-decker sandwich Cp2Cr2(μ-η,5η5-P5) after three successive decarbonylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Yang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Liang Pu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Xian Chen
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Yun Li
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, Xijing University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710123, P. R. China
| | - Lingzhi Zhao
- SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 511517, P. R. China
| | - R Bruce King
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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25
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Semenov SG, Bedrina ME, Klemeshev VA, Titov AV. Quantum Chemical Study of X@BikPbm, BikPbm∙X, X@SbkSnm, and SbkSnm∙X Clusters. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Riesinger C, Balázs G, Bodensteiner M, Scheer M. Stabilization of Pentaphospholes as η 5 -Coordinating Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23879-23884. [PMID: 32956573 PMCID: PMC7814675 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Electrophilic functionalisation of [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 )] (1) yields the first transition-metal complexes of pentaphospholes (cyclo-P5 R). Silylation of 1 with [(Et3 Si)2 (μ-H)][B(C6 F5 )4 ] leads to the ionic species [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 SiEt3 )][B(C6 F5 )4 ] (2), whose subsequent reaction with H2 O yields the parent compound [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 H)][B(C6 F5 )4 ] (3). The synthesis of a carbon-substituted derivative [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 Me)][X] ([X]- =[FB(C6 F5 )3 ]- (4 a), [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- (4 b)) is achieved by methylation of 1 employing [Me3 O][BF4 ] and B(C6 F5 )3 or a combination of MeOTf and [Li(OEt2 )2 ][B(C6 F5 )4 ]. The structural characterisation of these compounds reveals a slight envelope structure for the cyclo-P5 R ligand. Detailed NMR-spectroscopic studies suggest a highly dynamic behaviour and thus a distinct lability for 2 and 3 in solution. DFT calculations shed light on the electronic structure and bonding situation of this unprecedented class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Riesinger
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | | | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
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27
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Riesinger C, Balázs G, Bodensteiner M, Scheer M. Stabilisierung von Pentaphospholen als η
5
‐koordinierende Liganden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Riesinger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Michael Bodensteiner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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28
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Xu HL, Tkachenko NV, Wang ZC, Chen WX, Qiao L, Muñoz-Castro A, Boldyrev AI, Sun ZM. A sandwich-type cluster containing Ge@Pd 3 planar fragment flanked by aromatic nonagermanide caps. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5286. [PMID: 33082326 PMCID: PMC7575547 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Sandwich-type clusters with the planar fragment containing a heterometallic sheet have remained elusive. In this work, we introduce the [K(2,2,2-crypt)]4{(Ge9)2[η6-Ge(PdPPh3)3]} complex that contains a heterometallic sandwich fragment. The title compound is structurally characterized by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which reveals the presence of an unusual heteroatomic metal planar fragment Ge@Pd3. The planar fragment contains a rare formal zerovalent germanium core and a peculiar bonding mode of sp2-Ge@(PdPPh3)3 trigonal planar structure, whereas the nonagermanide fragments act as capping ligands. The chemical bonding pattern of the planar fragment consists of three 2c-2e Pd-Ge σ-bonds attaching Pd atoms to the core Ge atom, while the binding between the planar fragment and the aromatic Ge9 ligands is provided by six 2c-2e Pd-Ge σ-bonds and two delocalized 4c-2e σ-bonds. The synthesized cluster represents a rare example of a sandwich compound with the heteroatomic metal planar fragment and inorganic aromatic capping ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Lei Xu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Nikolay V Tkachenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA
| | - Zi-Chuan Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei-Xing Chen
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánicay Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux, 2801, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander I Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA.
| | - Zhong-Ming Sun
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China.
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29
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Wang S, Gu J, Dong Y, Sai L, Li F. A super stable assembled P nanowire with variant structural and magnetic/electronic properties via transition metal adsorption. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:12454-12461. [PMID: 32495807 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02176h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
By means of first-principles calculations, we systematically investigated the structure, stability and magnetic and electronic properties of one-dimensional P nanowire (1D-P10 NW) assembled by Pn subunits (n = 2, 8) and transition metal doped 1D-P10 NW. Our calculations showed that the assembled 1D-P10 NW is super stable in thermodynamic, dynamic, thermal and chemical perspectives. Moreover, when the assembled 1D-P10 NW is decorated with transition metals (TM = Ti ∼ Zn, Zr ∼ Mo), structural transformation occurs (to sandwich or quasi-sandwich chains), and various magnetic and electronic characteristics are introduced to the nanowire. Particularly, the sandwich chains 1D-Mn2@P10 and 1D-V1@P5 are a ferromagnetic semiconductor and a ferromagnetic half-metal, respectively, and the magnetic anisotropy energies are both ∼0.3 meV per Mn/V atom. Our theoretical studies proposed a super stable 1D P nanowire and also offer a feasible approach to reach P5-TM-P5-TM chains with diverse magnetic and electronic properties, as well as ferromagnetic vdW-type 2D systems, which are promising in nanoelectronic devices and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukai Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Jinxing Gu
- Department of Chemistry, The Institute for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
| | - Yinan Dong
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Linwei Sai
- College of Science, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China
| | - Fengyu Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
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30
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Pham HT, Phan CTD, Nguyen MT, Tam NM. A remarkable mixture of germanium with phosphorus and arsenic atoms making stable pentagonal hetero-prisms [M@Ge5E5]+, E = P, As and M = Fe, Ru, Os. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19781-19789. [PMID: 35520435 PMCID: PMC9054236 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A pentagonal hetero-prismatic structural motif was found for singly transition metal doped M@Ge5E5+ clusters, where the transition metal atom is located at the centre of a (5/5) Ge5E5 prism in which Ge is mixed with either P or As atoms. Structural characterization indicates that each (5/5) Ge5E5 prism is established by joining of two Ge3E2 and Ge2E3 strings in a prismatic fashion rather than two Ge5 and E5 strings. Each string results from a remarkable mixture of Ge and E atoms and contains only one E–E connection due to the fact that Ge–E bonds are much stronger than E–E connections. From the donor–acceptor perspective, the Ge5E5 tube donates electrons to the M center, which behaves as an acceptor. NBO atomic charge and ELI_D analyses demonstrate such electrostatic interactions of the M dopant with a Ge5E5+ tube which likely induce thermodynamic stability for the resulting M@Ge5E5+ cluster. CMO analysis illustrates that the conventional 18 electron count is recovered in the M@Ge5E5+ cations. Geometric shape of the lowest-energy structure M@Ge5E5+.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Tan Pham
- Department of Chemistry
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Cam-Tu Dang Phan
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Modelling
- Quy Nhon University
- Quy Nhon
- Vietnam
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology (ICST)
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Tam
- Computational Chemistry Research Group
- Ton Duc Thang University
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences
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31
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Dianionic Mononuclear
Cyclo
‐P
4
Complexes of Zero‐Valent Molybdenum: Coordination of the
Cyclo
‐P
4
Dianion in the Absence of Intramolecular Charge Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15329-15333. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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32
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Mandla KA, Neville ML, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Dianionic Mononuclear
Cyclo
‐P
4
Complexes of Zero‐Valent Molybdenum: Coordination of the
Cyclo
‐P
4
Dianion in the Absence of Intramolecular Charge Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Mandla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Michael L. Neville
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
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33
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Kotrle K, Herchel R. Are Inorganic Single-Molecule Magnets a Possibility? A Theoretical Insight into Dysprosium Double-Deckers with Inorganic Ring Systems. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:14046-14057. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kotrle
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan Herchel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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34
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Joshi M, Ghanty TK. Prediction of a Nine−Membered Aromatic Heterocyclic 1,4,7−triazacyclononatetraenyl anion and its Sandwich Complexes with Divalent Lanthanides. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Joshi
- Theoretical Chemistry SectionChemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteTraining School Complex, Anushakti Nagar Mumbai– 400094 India
| | - Tapan K. Ghanty
- Theoretical Chemistry SectionChemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteTraining School Complex, Anushakti Nagar Mumbai– 400094 India
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35
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Viability of half sandwich complexes of borole with group 14 (II) ions: Structure, stability and reactivity. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Woo KE, Wang J, Mark J, Kovnir K. Directing Boron–Phosphorus Bonds in Crystalline Solid: Oxidative Polymerization of P═B═P Monomers into 1D Chains. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13017-13021. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E. Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Justin Mark
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Kirill Kovnir
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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37
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Ellis JE. The Chatt reaction: conventional routes to homoleptic arenemetalates of d-block elements. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9538-9563. [PMID: 30724934 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05029e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Joseph Chatt was the first to discover in the early 1960s that previously unknown transition metal compounds were accessible and isolable via the reactions of alkali metal arene radical anions with transition metal precursors containing good leaving groups, such as weakly basic neutral or anionic ligands, especially halides. Later Peter Timms confirmed the importance of these early studies with the synthesis of several new bis(arene)metal(0) sandwich compounds by a variant of Chatt's route. Following a brief historical survey of alkali metal arene compounds, first examined in some detail by Wilhelm Schlenk, use of these reagents in the conventional syntheses of anionic homoleptic arene metal complexes of the d-block elements will be described. In several cases these species are quite useful because they function as storable "naked" atomic metal anion reagents, especially in their reactions with carbon monoxide and isocyanides. In view of Chatt's seminal contributions to an often unique route to organometallic and inorganic compounds, it is proposed that this valuable synthetic method be named the "Chatt reaction" in honor of a giant of chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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38
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Recent advances in transition metal-mediated transformations of white phosphorus. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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39
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Wang YJ, Feng LY, Zhai HJ. Sandwich-type Na 6B 7- and Na 8B 7+ clusters: charge-transfer complexes, four-fold π/σ aromaticity, and dynamic fluxionality. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:18338-18345. [PMID: 31397454 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03611c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Boron-based clusters possess unusual structural and bonding properties owing to boron's electron-deficiency. We report on the theoretical prediction of two binary B-Na clusters, Na6B7- and Na8B7+, which assume unique sandwich geometries, featuring a perfectly planar B7 wheel and two triangular Na3 or quasi-tetrahedral Na4 ligands. Despite distinct electronegativities of B/Na, the B-Na clusters do not form typical salts. Both sandwich species are dynamically fluxional at 300 K and beyond. Two dynamic modes are observed: an in-plane rotation of the B7 wheel versus twisting of the two Na3/Na4 ligands. Their energy barriers are negligibly small. Natural bond orbital calculations show that the clusters are charge-transfer complexes [Na3]+[B7]3-[Na3]+ and [Na4]2+[B7]3-[Na4]2+, respectively. Chemical bonding analyses indicate that the B7 wheel in the clusters has 6π/6σ double aromaticity and the Na3/Na4 ligands are 2σ aromatic, collectively leading to four-fold π/σ aromaticity. The quasi-tetrahedral Na4 ligand is the simplest example of spherical aromaticity and can also be considered a superatom. Interlayer bonding in the sandwiches is greater than 20 eV, due to electrostatics, which should not be confused with weakly bound species. Four-fold π/σ aromaticity and robust interlayer ionic bonding offer uniform and dilute electron clouds over the sandwiches, facilitating their dual-mode dynamic fluxionality. The Na8B7+ cluster is also a superalkali cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou 034000, China
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Jiao Li
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering; Changchun University of Science & Technology; Changchun, Jilin 130022 China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun, Jilin 130022 China
| | - Basharat Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun, Jilin 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Zhongfang Chen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Puerto Rico; Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan PR 00931 USA
| | - Zhong-Ming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun, Jilin 130022 China
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41
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Liu C, Popov IA, Chen Z, Boldyrev AI, Sun Z. Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity in Zintl Clusters. Chemistry 2018; 24:14583-14597. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials Center Nankai University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Ivan A. Popov
- Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
| | - Zhongfang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Functional Nanomaterials University of Puerto Rico San Juan USA
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Utah State University 0300 Old Main Hill Logan UT 84322-0300 USA
| | - Zhong‐Ming Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials Center Nankai University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
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42
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Iron sandwiched between group 13 analogues of N-Heterocyclic carbene: A theoretical investigation. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Vlahovic F, Gruden M, Swart M. Rotating Iron and Titanium Sandwich Complexes. Chemistry 2018; 24:5070-5073. [PMID: 29144564 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The origin for the rotational barrier of organometallic versus inorganic sandwich complexes has remained enigmatic for the past decades. Here, we investigate in detail what causes the substantial barrier for titanodecaphosphacene through spin-state consistent density functional theory. Orbital interactions are shown to be the determining factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Vlahovic
- Innovation center of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Gruden
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marcel Swart
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi (Ciències), 17003, Girona, Spain.,ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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44
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Nakanishi Y, Ishida Y, Kawaguchi H. An anionic η2-naphthalene complex of titanium supported by a tripodal [O3C] ligand and its reactions with dinitrogen, anthracene and THF. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6903-6907. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01161c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An η2-naphthalene titanium complex supported by a tripodal ligand reacts with N2 to produce a strongly activated N2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakanishi
- Department of Chemistry
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8551
- Japan
| | - Yutaka Ishida
- Department of Chemistry
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8551
- Japan
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45
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Zhou K, Zhao CB, Huang WD. Theoretical study of structure, bonding, and electronic behavior of novel sandwich complexes Os3(C6H6)
n
(n = 1, 2). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024417110383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Theoretically predicted ferrocene analogues with triplet aromatic CB 5H 5 ligands. J Mol Model 2017; 23:325. [PMID: 29075854 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3498-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Three ferrocene analogues, D 5h (η5-CB5H5)2M (M = Fe2-, Co-, and Ni), with triplet aromatic CB5H5 ligands have been predicted at TPSSh/6-311+G(d,p) level. We find that the M atom interacts drastically with the two CB5H5 ligands through a nearly fully-filled 3d subshell, which is different from (η5-C5H5)2Fe. The natural population analyses suggest that (η5-CB5H5)2M have an unconventional charge distribution, i.e., the M atom is negatively charged, while the two boron rings are positively charged. The analyses of the electronic and dynamic stabilities indicate that (η5-CB5H5)2Co- is the most stable among (η5-CB5H5)2M. Thus, we theoretically confirm that the triplet aromatic CB5H5 cluster can be regarded as a potential new ligand. Our theoretical predictions are awaiting future experimental verification.
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47
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Insights into the all-metal [Sb3Au3Sb3]3− sandwich complex from a QTAIM and stress tensor analysis. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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48
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Borger JE, Jongkind MK, Ehlers AW, Lutz M, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Metalate-Mediated Functionalization of P 4 by Trapping Anionic [Cp*Fe(CO) 2(η 1-P 4)] - with Lewis Acids. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:350-353. [PMID: 28638766 PMCID: PMC5474660 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of selective functionalization strategies of white phosphorus (P4) is important to avoid the current chlorinated intermediates. The use of transition metals (TMs) could lead to catalytic procedures, but these are severely hampered by the high reactivity and unpredictable nature of the tetrahedron. Herein, we report selective first steps by reacting P4 with a metal anion [Cp*Fe(CO)2]- (Cp*=C5(CH3)5), which, in the presence of bulky Lewis acids (LA; B(C6F5)3 or BPh3), leads to unique TM-substituted LA-stabilized bicyclo[1.1.0]tetraphosphabutanide anions [Cp*Fe(CO)2(η1-P4⋅LA)]-. Their P-nucleophilic site can be subsequently protonated to afford the transient LA-free neutral butterflies exo,endo- and exo,exo-Cp*Fe- (CO)2(η1-P4H), allowing controllable stepwise metalate-mediated functionalization of P4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E. Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten K. Jongkind
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andreas W. Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Johannesburg, Auckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
- Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CHUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Johannesburg, Auckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
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49
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Müller J, Heinl S, Schwarzmaier C, Balázs G, Keilwerth M, Meyer K, Scheer M. Umwandlung eines P4
-Butterfly-Komplexes - die Bildung eines homoleptischen Phosphor-Eisen-Sandwich-Komplexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Müller
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Heinl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Christoph Schwarzmaier
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Martin Keilwerth
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, FAU; Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, FAU; Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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50
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Müller J, Heinl S, Schwarzmaier C, Balázs G, Keilwerth M, Meyer K, Scheer M. Rearrangement of a P 4 Butterfly Complex-The Formation of a Homoleptic Phosphorus-Iron Sandwich Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7312-7317. [PMID: 28514101 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The versatile coordination behavior of the P4 butterfly complex [{Cp'''Fe(CO)2 }2 (μ,η1:1 -P4 )] (1, Cp'''=η5 -C5 H2t Bu3 ) towards different iron(II) compounds is presented. The reaction of 1 with [FeBr2 ⋅dme] (dme=dimethoxyethane) leads to the chelate complex [{Cp'''Fe(CO)2 }2 (μ3 ,η1:1:2 -P4 ){FeBr2 }] (2), whereas, in the reaction with [Fe(CH3 CN)6 ][PF6 ]2 , an unprecedented rearrangement of the P4 butterfly structural motif leads to the cyclo-P4 moiety in {(Cp'''Fe(CO)2 )2 (μ3 ,η1:1:4 -P4 )}2 Fe][PF6 ]2 (3). Complex 3 represents the first fully characterized "carbon-free" sandwich complex containing cyclo-P4 R2 ligands in a homoleptic-like iron-phosphorus-containing molecule. Alternatively, 2 can be transformed into 3 by halogen abstraction and subsequent coordination of 1. The additional isolated side products, [{Cp'''Fe(CO)2 }2 (μ3 ,η1:1:2 -P4 ){Cp'''Fe(CO)}][PF6 ] (4) and [{Cp'''Fe(CO)2 }2 (μ3 ,η1:1:4 -P4 ){Cp'''Fe}][PF6 ] (5), give insight into the stepwise activation of the P4 butterfly moiety in 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Müller
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Heinl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Gábor Balázs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Keilwerth
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, FAU, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, FAU, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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