1
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Su C, Zhong Y, Zhou Z, Li Y, Jia Y, Xie S, Zhao J, Miao H, Luo H, Li Z, Shi Z, Li L, Song X. Structural insights into the Caprin-2 HR1 domain in canonical Wnt signaling. J Biol Chem 2024:107694. [PMID: 39159816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays crucial roles in cell fate decisions as well as in pathogenesis of various diseases. Previously, we reported Caprin-2 as a new regulator of canonical Wnt signaling through a mechanism of facilitating LRP5/6 phosphorylation. Here, we resolved the crystal structure of the N-terminal homologous region 1 (HR1) domain of human Caprin-2 (hCap2_HR1). HR1 domain is so far only observed in Caprin-2 and its homologous protein Caprin-1, and the function of this domain remains largely mysterious. Here, the structure showed that hCap2_HR1 forms a homo-dimer and exhibits an overall structure roughly resembling the appearance of a pair of scissors. Moreover, we found that residues R200 and R201, which located at a basic cluster within the N-terminal "blades" region, are critical for Caprin-2's localization to the plasma membrane. In line with this, mutations targeting these two residues decrease Caprin-2's activity in the canonical Wnt signaling. Overall, we characterized a previously unknown "scissors"-like structure of the full-length HR1 domain, and revealed its function in mediating Caprin-2's localization to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - YuCheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zhilei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yingying Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Sichun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jianfei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Haofei Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Huilian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhenyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zhubin Shi
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Xiaomin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
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2
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Duewell BR, Faris KA, Hansen SD. Molecular basis of product recognition during PIP5K-mediated production of PI(4,5)P 2 with positive feedback. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107631. [PMID: 39098525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability for cells to localize and activate peripheral membrane-binding proteins is critical for signal transduction. Ubiquitously important in these signaling processes are phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) lipids, which are dynamically phosphorylated by PIP lipid kinases on intracellular membranes. Functioning primarily at the plasma membrane, phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinases (PIP5K) catalyzes the phosphorylation of PI(4)P to generate most of the PI(4,5)P2 lipids found in eukaryotic plasma membranes. Recently, we determined that PIP5K displays a positive feedback loop based on membrane-mediated dimerization and cooperative binding to its product, PI(4,5)P2. Here, we examine how two motifs contribute to PI(4,5)P2 recognition to control membrane association and catalysis of PIP5K. Using a combination of single molecule TIRF microscopy and kinetic analysis of PI(4)P lipid phosphorylation, we map the sequence of steps that allow PIP5K to cooperatively engage PI(4,5)P2. We find that the specificity loop regulates the rate of PIP5K membrane association and helps orient the kinase to more effectively bind PI(4,5)P2 lipids. After correctly orienting on the membrane, PIP5K transitions to binding PI(4,5)P2 lipids near the active site through a motif previously referred to as the substrate or PIP-binding motif (PIPBM). The PIPBM has broad specificity for anionic lipids and serves a role in regulating membrane association in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our data supports a two-step membrane-binding model where the specificity loop and PIPBM act in concert to help PIP5K orient and productively engage anionic lipids to drive the positive feedback during PI(4,5)P2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Duewell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA; Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Katherine A Faris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA; Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Scott D Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA; Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
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3
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Ando T, Takazawa I, Spencer ZT, Ito R, Tomimori Y, Mikulski Z, Matsumoto K, Ishitani T, Denson LA, Kawakami Y, Kawakami Y, Kitaura J, Ahmed Y, Kawakami T. Ileal Crohn's Disease Exhibits Reduced Activity of Phospholipase C-β3-Dependent Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Cells 2024; 13:986. [PMID: 38891118 PMCID: PMC11171731 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a chronic, debilitating, inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we report a critical role of phospholipase C-β3 (PLC-β3) in intestinal homeostasis. In PLC-β3-deficient mice, exposure to oral dextran sodium sulfate induced lethality and severe inflammation in the small intestine. The lethality was due to PLC-β3 deficiency in multiple non-hematopoietic cell types. PLC-β3 deficiency resulted in reduced Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is essential for homeostasis and the regeneration of the intestinal epithelium. PLC-β3 regulated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) at transcriptional, epigenetic, and, potentially, protein-protein interaction levels. PLC-β3-deficient IECs were unable to respond to stimulation by R-spondin 1, an enhancer of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Reduced expression of PLC-β3 and its signature genes was found in biopsies of patients with ileal Crohn's disease. PLC-β regulation of Wnt signaling was evolutionally conserved in Drosophila. Our data indicate that a reduction in PLC-β3-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of ileal Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Ando
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (T.A.)
- Atopy Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ikuo Takazawa
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (T.A.)
| | - Zachary T. Spencer
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (Z.T.S.)
| | - Ryoji Ito
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (T.A.)
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki 210-0821, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tomimori
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (T.A.)
| | - Zbigniew Mikulski
- Imaging Facility, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Tohru Ishitani
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-0044, Gunma, Japan
| | - Lee A. Denson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Yu Kawakami
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (T.A.)
| | - Yuko Kawakami
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (T.A.)
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yashi Ahmed
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (Z.T.S.)
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (T.A.)
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4
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Cox CM, Wu MH, Padilla-Rodriguez M, Blum I, Momtaz S, Mitchell SAT, Wilson JM. Regulation of YAP and Wnt signaling by the endosomal protein MAMDC4. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296003. [PMID: 38787854 PMCID: PMC11125477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of the intestinal epithelium requires constant self-renewal and regeneration. Tight regulation of proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells within the crypt region is critical to maintaining homeostasis. The transcriptional co-factors β-catenin and YAP are required for proliferation during normal homeostasis as well as intestinal regeneration after injury: aberrant signaling activity results in over proliferation and tumorigenesis. Although both YAP and β-catenin activity are controlled along canonical pathways, it is becoming increasingly clear that non-canonical regulation of these transcriptional regulators plays a role in fine tuning their activity. We have shown previously that MAMDC4 (Endotubin, AEGP), an integral membrane protein present in endosomes, regulates both YAP and β-catenin activity in kidney epithelial cells and in the developing intestinal epithelium. Here we show that MAMDC4 interacts with members of the signalosome and mediates cross-talk between YAP and β-catenin. Interestingly, this cross-talk occurs through a non-canonical pathway involving interactions between AMOT:YAP and AMOT:β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Cox
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Meng-Han Wu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Marco Padilla-Rodriguez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Isabella Blum
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Samina Momtaz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Stefanie A. T. Mitchell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Jean M. Wilson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
- Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
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5
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Tang W, Luan Y, Yuan Q, Li A, Chen S, Menacherry S, Young L, Wu D. LDL receptor-related protein 5 selectively transports unesterified polyunsaturated fatty acids to intracellular compartments. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3068. [PMID: 38594269 PMCID: PMC11004178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which cannot be synthesized by animals and must be supplied from the diet, have been strongly associated with human health. However, the mechanisms for their accretion remain poorly understood. Here, we show that LDL receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), but not its homolog LRP6, selectively transports unesterified PUFAs into a number of cell types. The LDLa ligand-binding repeats of LRP5 directly bind to PUFAs and are required and sufficient for PUFA transport. In contrast to the known PUFA transporters Mfsd2a, CD36 and FATP2, LRP5 transports unesterified PUFAs via internalization to intracellular compartments including lysosomes, and n-3 PUFAs depend on this transport mechanism to inhibit mTORC1. This LRP5-mediated PUFA transport mechanism suppresses extracellular trap formation in neutrophils and protects mice from myocardial injury during ischemia-reperfusion. Thus, this study reveals a biologically important mechanism for unesterified PUFA transport to intracellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Tang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Yi Luan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Qianying Yuan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Ao Li
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | | | - Lawrence Young
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Dianqing Wu
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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6
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Garg A, Bandyopadhyay S. Role of an interdependent Wnt, GSK3-β/β-catenin and HB-EGF/EGFR mechanism in arsenic-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in adult mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141375. [PMID: 38325618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
We previously reported the neurotoxic effects of arsenic in the hippocampus. Here, we explored the involvement of Wnt pathway, which contributes to neuronal functions. Administering environmentally relevant arsenic concentrations to postnatal day-60 (PND60) mice demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in hippocampal Wnt3a and its components, Frizzled, phospho-LRP6, Dishevelled and Axin1 at PND90 and PND120. However, p-GSK3-β(Ser9) and β-catenin levels although elevated at PND90, decreased at PND120. Additionally, treatment with Wnt-inhibitor, rDkk1, reduced p-GSK3-β(Ser9) and β-catenin at PND90, but failed to affect their levels at PND120, indicating a time-dependent link with Wnt. To explore other underlying factors, we assessed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, which interacts with GSK3-β and appears relevant to neuronal functions. We primarily found that arsenic reduced hippocampal phosphorylated-EGFR and its ligand, Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), at both PND90 and PND120. Moreover, treatment with HB-EGF rescued p-GSK3-β(Ser9) and β-catenin levels at PND120, suggesting their HB-EGF/EGFR-dependent regulation at this time point. Additionally, rDkk1, LiCl (GSK3-β-activity inhibitor), or β-catenin protein treatments induced a time-dependent recovery in HB-EGF, indicating potential inter-dependent mechanism between hippocampal Wnt/β-catenin and HB-EGF/EGFR following arsenic exposure. Fluorescence immunolabeling then validated these findings in hippocampal neurons. Further exploration of hippocampal neuronal survival and apoptosis demonstrated that treatment with rDkk1, LiCl, β-catenin and HB-EGF improved Nissl staining and NeuN levels, and reduced cleaved-caspase-3 levels in arsenic-treated mice. Supportively, we detected improved Y-Maze and Passive Avoidance performances for learning-memory functions in these mice. Overall, our study provides novel insights into Wnt/β-catenin and HB-EGF/EGFR pathway interaction in arsenic-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Garg
- Systems Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay
- Systems Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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7
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Miao H, Hui H, Fan W, Lin Y, Li H, Li D, Luo M, Qiu F, Jiang B, Zhang Y. Overexpressed pigment epithelium-derived factor alleviates pulmonary hypertension in two rat models induced by monocrotaline and SU5416/hypoxia. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116303. [PMID: 38377738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive and fatal cardiopulmonary disease characterized by vascular remodeling and is associated with endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). The pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a secretory protein widely distributed in multiple organs, has been shown to demonstrate anti-EndoMT activity in cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, the role of PEDF in PH was investigated. METHODS For PEDF overexpression, Sprague Dawley rats were infected with an adeno-associated virus through injection via the internal jugular vein. To establish PH models, the animals were subjected to monocrotaline or Sugen/hypoxia. Four weeks later, pulmonary artery angiography was performed, and hemodynamic parameters, right ventricular function, and vascular remodeling were evaluated. EndoMT and cell proliferation in the pulmonary arteries were assessed via immunofluorescence staining. Moreover, pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) isolated from experimental PH rats were cultured to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. RESULTS PEDF expression was significantly downregulated in PAECs from PH patients and PH model rats. Overexpressed PEDF alleviated the development of PH by improving pulmonary artery morphology and perfusion, reducing pulmonary artery pressure, improving right ventricular function, and alleviating vascular remodeling. PEDF inhibits EndoMT and reduces excessive PAEC proliferation. Moreover, PEDF overexpression reduced EndoMT in cultured PAECs by competitively inhibiting the binding of wnt to LRP6 and downregulating phosphorylation at the 1490 site of LRP6. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that PEDF may be a potential therapeutic target for PH. We also found that PEDF can inhibit EndoMT in PAECs and may exert these effects by inhibiting the Wnt/LRP6/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Miao
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, China
| | - Hongliang Hui
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, China
| | - Wenbin Fan
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, China
| | - Yangui Lin
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, China
| | - Huaming Li
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, China
| | - Dan Li
- Community Health Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, China
| | - Fan Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, China.
| | - Yiqian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, China.
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8
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Bruguera ES, Mahoney JP, Weis WI. The co-receptor Tspan12 directly captures Norrin to promote ligand-specific β-catenin signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.03.578714. [PMID: 38352533 PMCID: PMC10862866 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.03.578714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling directs animal development and tissue renewal in a tightly controlled, cell- and tissue-specific manner. In the central nervous system, the atypical ligand Norrin controls angiogenesis and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier and blood-retina barrier through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Like Wnt, Norrin activates signaling by binding and heterodimerizing the receptors Frizzled (Fzd) and Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 or 6 (LRP5/6), leading to membrane recruitment of the intracellular transducer Dishevelled (Dvl); this ultimately results in the stabilization of the transcriptional coactivator β-catenin. Unlike Wnt, the cysteine-knot ligand Norrin only signals through Fzd4 and additionally requires the co-receptor Tspan12; however, the mechanism underlying Tspan12-mediated signal enhancement is unclear. It has been proposed that Tspan12 integrates into the Norrin-Fzd4 complex to enhance Norrin-Fzd4 affinity or otherwise allosterically modulate Fzd4 signaling. Here, we measure direct, high-affinity binding between purified Norrin and Tspan12 in a lipid environment and use AlphaFold models to interrogate this interaction interface. We find that Tspan12 and Fzd4 can simultaneously bind Norrin and that a pre-formed Tspan12/Fzd4 heterodimer, as well as cells co-expressing Tspan12 and Fzd4, more efficiently capture low concentrations of Norrin than Fzd4 alone. We also show that Tspan12 competes with both heparan sulfate proteoglycans and LRP6 for Norrin binding and that Tspan12 does not impact Fzd4-Dvl affinity in the presence or absence of Norrin. Our findings suggest that Tspan12 does not allosterically enhance Fzd4 binding to Norrin or Dvl, but instead functions to directly capture Norrin upstream of signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise S Bruguera
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jacob P Mahoney
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - William I Weis
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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9
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Li G, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Li M, He D, Guan W, Yao H. Research progress on phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase inhibitors. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:115993. [PMID: 38151075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases (PI4Ks) could phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI) to produce phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) and maintain its metabolic balance and location. PI4P, the most abundant monophosphate inositol in eukaryotic cells, is a precursor of higher phosphoinositols and an essential substrate for the PLC/PKC and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. PI4Ks regulate vesicle transport, signal transduction, cytokinesis, and cell unity, and are involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including infection and growth of parasites such as Plasmodium and Cryptosporidium, replication and survival of RNA viruses, and the development of tumors and nervous system diseases. The development of novel drugs targeting PI4Ks and PI4P has been the focus of the research and clinical application of drugs, especially in recent years. In particular, PI4K inhibitors have made great progress in the treatment of malaria and cryptosporidiosis. We describe the biological characteristics of PI4Ks; summarize the physiological functions and effector proteins of PI4P; and analyze the structural basis of selective PI4K inhibitors for the treatment of human diseases in this review. Herein, this review mainly summarizes the developments in the structure and enzyme activity of PI4K inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China; Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China
| | - Huamin Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China
| | - Dengqin He
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, 22 Dongchengcun, Jiangmen, Guangdong, 529020, China
| | - Wen Guan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China
| | - Hongliang Yao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China.
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10
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Xue D, Cheng Y, Pang T, Kuai Y, An Y, Wu K, Li Y, Lai M, Wang B, Wang S. Sodium butyrate alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced porcine intestinal barrier disruption by promoting mitochondrial homeostasis via PCK2 signaling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132013. [PMID: 37467604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most plentiful trichothecenes occurring in food and feed, which brings severe health hazards to both animals and humans. This study aims to investigate whether sodium butyrate (NaB) can protect the porcine intestinal barrier from DON exposure through promoting mitochondrial homeostasis. In a 4-week feeding experiment, 28 male piglets were allocated according to a 2 by 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with the main factors including supplementation of DON (< 0.8 vs. 4.0 mg/kg) and NaB (0.0 vs. 2 g/kg) in a corn/soybean-based diet. Dietary NaB supplementation mitigated the damaged mitochondrial morphology within the jejunal mucosa and the disrupted gut epithelial tight junctions irritated by DON. In IPEC-J2 cells, we found efficient recovery of the intestinal epithelial barrier occurred following NaB administration. This intestinal barrier reparation was facilitated by NaB-induced PCK2-mediated glyceroneogenesis and restoration of mitochondrial structure and function. In conclusion, we elucidated a mechanism of PCK2-mediated improvement of mitochondrial function by NaB to repair porcine intestinal barrier disruption during chronic DON exposure. Our findings highlight the promise of NaB for use in protecting against DON-induced gut epithelial tight junction disruption in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Xue
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yating Cheng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Tiantian Pang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yunyi Kuai
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yu An
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Kuntan Wu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mengyu Lai
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Bihan Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518120, China.
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11
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Rodgers SJ, Mitchell CA, Ooms LM. The mechanisms of class 1A PI3K and Wnt/β-catenin coupled signaling in breast cancer. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1459-1472. [PMID: 37471270 PMCID: PMC10586779 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The class IA PI3K signaling pathway is activated by growth factor stimulation and regulates a signaling cascade that promotes diverse events including cell growth, proliferation, migration and metabolism. PI3K signaling is one of the most commonly hyperactivated pathways in breast cancer, leading to increased tumor growth and progression. PI3K hyperactivation occurs via a number of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms including mutation or amplification of PIK3CA, the gene encoding the p110α subunit of PI3Kα, as well as via dysregulation of the upstream growth factor receptors or downstream signaling effectors. Over the past decade, extensive efforts to develop therapeutics that suppress oncogenic PI3K signaling have been undertaken. Although FDA-approved PI3K inhibitors are now emerging, their clinical success remains limited due to adverse effects and negative feedback mechanisms which contribute to their reduced efficacy. There is an emerging body of evidence demonstrating crosstalk between the PI3K and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in breast cancer. However, PI3K exhibits opposing effects on Wnt/β-catenin signaling in distinct tumor subsets, whereby PI3K promotes Wnt/β-catenin activation in ER+ cancers, but paradoxically suppresses this pathway in ER- breast cancers. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms for PI3K-Wnt crosstalk in breast cancer, and how Wnt-targeted therapies have the potential to contribute to treatment regimens for breast cancers with PI3K dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J. Rodgers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Christina A. Mitchell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa M. Ooms
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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12
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Bonansco C, Cerpa W, Inestrosa NC. How Are Synapses Born? A Functional and Molecular View of the Role of the Wnt Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010708. [PMID: 36614149 PMCID: PMC9821221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic transmission is a dynamic process that requires precise regulation. Early in life, we must be able to forge appropriate connections (add and remove) to control our behavior. Neurons must recognize appropriate targets, and external soluble factors that activate specific signaling cascades provide the regulation needed to achieve this goal. Wnt signaling has been implicated in several forms of synaptic plasticity, including functional and structural changes associated with brain development. The analysis of synapses from an electrophysiological perspective allows us to characterize the functional role of cellular signaling pathways involved in brain development. The application of quantal theory to principles of developmental plasticity offers the possibility of dissecting the function of structural changes associated with the birth of new synapses as well as the maturation of immature silent synapses. Here, we focus on electrophysiological and molecular evidence that the Wnt signaling pathway regulates glutamatergic synaptic transmission, specifically N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), to control the birth of new synapses. We also focus on the role of Wnts in the conversion of silent synapses into functional synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bonansco
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (N.C.I.)
| | - Waldo Cerpa
- Laboratorio de Función y Patología Neuronal, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
| | - Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
- Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (N.C.I.)
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13
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Giatagana EM, Berdiaki A, Gaardløs M, Tsatsakis AM, Samsonov SA, Nikitovic D. Rapamycin-induced autophagy in osteosarcoma cells is mediated via the biglycan/Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1740-C1756. [PMID: 36280393 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00368.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biglycan is a class I secreted small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP), which regulates signaling pathways connected to bone pathologies. Autophagy is a vital catabolic process with a dual role in cancer progression. Here, we show that biglycan inhibits autophagy in two osteosarcoma cell lines (P ≤ 0.001), while rapamycin-induced autophagy decreases biglycan expression in MG63 osteosarcoma cells and abrogates the biglycan-induced cell growth increase (P ≤ 0.001). Rapamycin also inhibits β-catenin translocation to the nucleus, inhibiting the Wnt pathway (P ≤ 0.001) and reducing biglycan's colocalization with the Wnt coreceptor LRP6 (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, biglycan exhibits protective effects against the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin in MG63 OS cells through an autophagy-dependent manner (P ≤ 0.05). Cotreatment of these cells with rapamycin and doxorubicin enhances cells response to doxorubicin by decreasing biglycan (P ≤ 0.001) and β-catenin (P ≤ 0.05) expression. Biglycan deficiency leads to increased caspase-3 activation (P ≤ 0.05), suggesting increased apoptosis of biglycan-deficient cells treated with doxorubicin. Computational models of LRP6 and biglycan complexes suggest that biglycan changes the receptor's ability to interact with other signaling molecules by affecting the interdomain bending angles in the receptor structure. Biglycan binding to LRP6 activates the Wnt pathway and β-catenin nuclear translocation by disrupting β-catenin degradation complex (P ≤ 0.01 and P ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, this mechanism is not followed in moderately differentiated, biglycan-nonexpressing U-2OS OS cells. To sum up, biglycan exhibits protective effects against the doxorubicin in MG63 OS cells by activating the Wnt signaling pathway and inhibiting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini-Maria Giatagana
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion Greece
| | - Margrethe Gaardløs
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sergey A Samsonov
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion Greece
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14
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Falginella FL, Kravec M, Drabinová M, Paclíková P, Bryja V, Vácha R. Binding of DEP domain to phospholipid membranes: More than just electrostatics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183983. [PMID: 35750206 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades an extensive effort has been made to provide a more comprehensive understanding of Wnt signaling, yet many regulatory and structural aspects remain elusive. Among these, the ability of Dishevelled (DVL) protein to relocalize at the plasma membrane is a crucial step in the activation of all Wnt pathways. The membrane binding of DVL was suggested to be mediated by the preferential interaction of its C-terminal DEP domain with phosphatidic acid (PA). However, due to the scarcity and fast turnover of PA, we investigated the role on the membrane association of other more abundant phospholipids. The combined results from computational simulations and experimental measurements with various model phospholipid membranes, demonstrate that the membrane binding of DEP/DVL constructs is governed by the concerted action of generic electrostatics and finely-tuned intermolecular interactions with individual lipid species. In particular, while we confirmed the strong preference for PA lipid, we also observed a weak but non-negligible affinity for phosphatidylserine, the most abundant anionic phospholipid in the plasma membrane, and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. The obtained molecular insight into DEP-membrane interaction helps to elucidate the relation between changes in the local membrane composition and the spatiotemporal localization of DVL and, possibly, other DEP-containing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco L Falginella
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kravec
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Drabinová
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Paclíková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Vítĕzslav Bryja
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic; Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Brno 612 65, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Vácha
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
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15
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Structure-based design and modular synthesis of novel PI4K class II inhibitors bearing a 4-aminoquinazoline scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 76:129010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.129010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Angers S. Frizzled does not get bent out of shape by Wnt. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eadd3535. [PMID: 35998230 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.add3535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ligands of the Wnt family activate the Frizzled-LRP5/6 receptor complex to initiate intracellular signaling. In this issue of Science Signaling, Mahoney et al. reveal a Wnt-stimulated positive feedback loop that involves local production of the lipid phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], which promotes Dishevelled recruitment and additional PI(4,5)P2 production, to facilitate LRP5/6 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Angers
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada.
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17
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Mahoney JP, Bruguera ES, Vasishtha M, Killingsworth LB, Kyaw S, Weis WI. PI(4,5)P 2-stimulated positive feedback drives the recruitment of Dishevelled to Frizzled in Wnt-β-catenin signaling. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabo2820. [PMID: 35998232 PMCID: PMC9528458 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abo2820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the Wnt-β-catenin pathway, Wnt binding to Frizzled (Fzd) and LRP5 or LRP6 (LRP5/6) co-receptors inhibits the degradation of the transcriptional coactivator β-catenin by recruiting the cytosolic effector Dishevelled (Dvl). Polymerization of Dvl at the plasma membrane recruits the β-catenin destruction complex, enabling the phosphorylation of LRP5/6, a key step in inhibiting β-catenin degradation. Using purified Fzd proteins reconstituted in lipid nanodiscs, we investigated the factors that promote the recruitment of Dvl to the plasma membrane. We found that the affinity of Fzd for Dvl was not affected by Wnt ligands, in contrast to other members of the GPCR superfamily for which the binding of extracellular ligands affects the affinity for downstream transducers. Instead, Fzd-Dvl binding was enhanced by increased concentration of the lipid PI(4,5)P2, which is generated by Dvl-associated lipid kinases in response to Wnt and which is required for LRP5/6 phosphorylation. Moreover, binding to Fzd did not promote Dvl DEP domain dimerization, which has been proposed to be required for signaling downstream of Fzd. Our findings suggest a positive feedback loop in which Wnt-stimulated local PI(4,5)P2 production enhances Dvl recruitment and further PI(4,5)P2 production to support Dvl polymerization, LRP5/6 phosphorylation, and β-catenin stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob P Mahoney
- Departments of Structural Biology and Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Elise S Bruguera
- Departments of Structural Biology and Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Mansi Vasishtha
- Departments of Structural Biology and Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Lauren B Killingsworth
- Departments of Structural Biology and Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Saw Kyaw
- Departments of Structural Biology and Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - William I Weis
- Departments of Structural Biology and Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
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18
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Huang X, Cao Y, Bao P, Zhu B, Cheng Z. High expression of PI4K2A predicted poor prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and correlated with immunity. Cancer Med 2022; 12:837-851. [PMID: 35634680 PMCID: PMC9844633 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PI4K2A has been found to have a tumor-promoting role in various solid tumors and be involved in various biological procedures. In this article, we aim to investigate the prognostic values of PI4K2A and provide new insights in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Human Protein Atlas online database, and UALCAN database were used to analyze the expression of PI4K2A in COAD and the survival of patients. Univariate and multifactorial Cox regression analyses were used to assess the prognosis of PI4K2A on COAD. GSEA was used to explore PI4K2A-related signaling pathways. In addition, the effect of PI4K2A on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment was investigated by constructing a TIDE model and predicting the association between PI4K2A and anticancer drug sensitivity through the CellMiner database. RESULTS In the TCGA database, PI4K2A was highly expressed in COAD and the similar results were verified by qRT-PCR. Survival analysis, utilizing Kaplan-Meier curves, revealed that COAD patients with high PI4K2A expression had a worse prognosis. In addition, PI4K2A expression was discovered to have been associated with T-stage, N-stage, and pathological stage by logistic analysis. Next, we utilized univariate and multifactorial Cox regression analyses to identify PI4K2A as an independent predictor. Additionally, GSEA analysis indicates that PI4K2A is enriched in MAPK signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, etc. In COAD, PI4K2A was remarkably associated with the tumor immune microenvironment. In addition, by constructing a TIDE model, we discovered that COAD patients in the PI4K2A low-expression cohort were better treated with ICI. Finally, analysis of the CellMiner database predicted that PI4K2A was adversely correlated with the sensitivity of various anticancer drugs. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that PI4K2A may be a potential predictor of poor prognosis in COAD and a potential biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkun Huang
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of NantongNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of OperationAffiliated Hospital of NantongNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Peng Bao
- Department of Critical Care MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Bingye Zhu
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University/The Sixth People's Hospital of NantongNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Zhouyang Cheng
- Department of General SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of NantongNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina
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19
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Hyun SY, Min HY, Lee HJ, Cho J, Boo HJ, Noh M, Jang HJ, Lee HJ, Park CS, Park JS, Shin YK, Lee HY. Ninjurin1 drives lung tumor formation and progression by potentiating Wnt/β-Catenin signaling through Frizzled2-LRP6 assembly. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:133. [PMID: 35395804 PMCID: PMC8991582 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) play a pivotal role in lung tumor formation and progression. Nerve injury-induced protein 1 (Ninjurin1, Ninj1) has been implicated in lung cancer; however, the pathological role of Ninj1 in the context of lung tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. METHODS The role of Ninj1 in the survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) CSCs within microenvironments exhibiting hazardous conditions was assessed by utilizing patient tissues and transgenic mouse models where Ninj1 repression and oncogenic KrasG12D/+ or carcinogen-induced genetic changes were induced in putative pulmonary stem cells (SCs). Additionally, NSCLC cell lines and primary cultures of patient-derived tumors, particularly Ninj1high and Ninj1low subpopulations and those with gain- or loss-of-Ninj1 expression, and also publicly available data were all used to assess the role of Ninj1 in lung tumorigenesis. RESULTS Ninj1 expression is elevated in various human NSCLC cell lines and tumors, and elevated expression of this protein can serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Elevated Ninj1 expression in pulmonary SCs with oncogenic changes promotes lung tumor growth in mice. Ninj1high subpopulations within NSCLC cell lines, patient-derived tumors, and NSCLC cells with gain-of-Ninj1 expression exhibited CSC-associated phenotypes and significantly enhanced survival capacities in vitro and in vivo in the presence of various cell death inducers. Mechanistically, Ninj1 forms an assembly with lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) through its extracellular N-terminal domain and recruits Frizzled2 (FZD2) and various downstream signaling mediators, ultimately resulting in transcriptional upregulation of target genes of the LRP6/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Ninj1 may act as a driver of lung tumor formation and progression by protecting NSCLC CSCs from hostile microenvironments through ligand-independent activation of LRP6/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yeob Hyun
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Min
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Lee
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaebeom Cho
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Boo
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungkyung Noh
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Jang
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jong Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sook Park
- Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kee Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Kopylov AT, Papysheva O, Gribova I, Kaysheva AL, Kotaysch G, Kharitonova L, Mayatskaya T, Nurbekov MK, Schipkova E, Terekhina O, Morozov SG. Severe types of fetopathy are associated with changes in the serological proteome of diabetic mothers. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27829. [PMID: 34766598 PMCID: PMC8589259 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pregestational or gestational diabetes are the main risk factors for diabetic fetopathy. There are no generalized signs of fetopathy before the late gestational age due to insufficient sensitivity of currently employed instrumental methods. In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated several types of severe diabetic fetopathy (cardiomyopathy, central nervous system defects, and hepatomegaly) established in type 2 diabetic mothers during 30 to 35 gestational weeks and confirmed upon delivery. We examined peripheral blood plasma and determined a small proportion of proteins strongly associated with a specific type of fetopathy or anatomical malfunction. Most of the examined markers participate in critical processes at different stages of embryogenesis and regulate various phases of morphogenesis. Alterations in CDCL5 had a significant impact on mRNA splicing and DNA repair. Patients with central nervous system defects were characterized by the greatest depletion (ca. 7% of the basal level) of DFP3, a neurotrophic factor needed for the proper specialization of oligodendrocytes. Dysregulation of noncanonical wingless-related integration site signaling pathway (Wnt) signaling guided by pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis 2 (DAAM2) was also profound. In addition, deficiency in retinoic acid and thyroxine transport was exhibited by the dramatic increase of transthyretin (TTHY). The molecular interplay between the identified serological markers leads to pathologies in fetal development on the background of a diabetic condition. These warning serological markers can be quantitatively examined, and their profile may reflect different severe types of diabetic fetopathy, producing a beneficial effect on the current standard care for pregnant women and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur T. Kopylov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Papysheva
- S.S. Yudin 7th State Clinical Hospital, 4 Kolomenskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Iveta Gribova
- N.E. Bauman 29th State Clinical Hospital, 2 Hospitalnaya sq., Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna L. Kaysheva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina Kotaysch
- N.E. Bauman 29th State Clinical Hospital, 2 Hospitalnaya sq., Moscow, Russia
| | - Lubov Kharitonova
- N.I. Pirogov Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanova st., Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Malik K. Nurbekov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltyiskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Schipkova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltyiskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Terekhina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltyiskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey G. Morozov
- N.E. Bauman 29th State Clinical Hospital, 2 Hospitalnaya sq., Moscow, Russia
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltyiskaya str., Moscow, Russia
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21
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Shin KJ, Jang HJ, Lee YJ, Lee YG, Suh PG, Yang YR, Chae YC. Phospholipase Cγ1 represses colorectal cancer growth by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 577:103-109. [PMID: 34509721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
As essential phospholipid signaling regulators, phospholipase C (PLC)s are activated by various extracellular ligands and mediate intracellular signal transduction. PLCγ1 is involved in regulating various cancer cell functions. However, the precise in vivo link between PLCγ1 and cancer behavior remains undefined. To investigate the role of PLCγ1 in colorectal carcinogenesis, we generated an intestinal tissue-specific Plcg1 knock out (KO) in adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) Min/+ mice. Plcg1 deficiency in ApcMin/+ mice showed earlier death, with a higher colorectal tumor incidence in both number and size than in wild-type mice. Mechanistically, inhibition of PLCγ1 increased the levels of its substrate phosphoinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) at the plasma membrane and promoted the activation of Wnt receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) by glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) to enhance β-catenin signaling. Enhanced cell proliferation and Wnt/β-catenin signaling were observed in colon tumors from Plcg1 KO mice. Furthermore, low PLCγ1 expression was associated with a poor prognosis of colon cancer patients. Collectively, we demonstrated the role of PLCγ1 in vivo as a tumor suppressor relationship between the regulation of the PIP2 level and Wnt/β-catenin-dependent intestinal tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Jin Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Geon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Pann-Ghill Suh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ryoul Yang
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Chan Chae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Jeong W, Jho EH. Regulation of the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein LRP6 and Its Association With Disease: Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling and Beyond. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:714330. [PMID: 34589484 PMCID: PMC8473786 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.714330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays crucial roles in development and tissue homeostasis, and its dysregulation leads to various diseases, notably cancer. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is initiated when the glycoprotein Wnt binds to and forms a ternary complex with the Frizzled and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6). Despite being identified as a Wnt co-receptor over 20 years ago, the molecular mechanisms governing how LRP6 senses Wnt and transduces downstream signaling cascades are still being deciphered. Due to its role as one of the main Wnt signaling components, the dysregulation or mutation of LRP6 is implicated in several diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, metabolic syndrome and skeletal disease. Herein, we will review how LRP6 is activated by Wnt stimulation and explore the various regulatory mechanisms involved. The participation of LRP6 in other signaling pathways will also be discussed. Finally, the relationship between LRP6 dysregulation and disease will be examined in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyoung Jeong
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eek-Hoon Jho
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
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23
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Huang YX, Gao CY, Zheng CY, Chen X, Yan YS, Sun YQ, Dong XY, Yang K, Zhang DL. Investigation of a Novel LRP6 Variant Causing Autosomal-Dominant Tooth Agenesis. Front Genet 2021; 12:688241. [PMID: 34306029 PMCID: PMC8292820 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.688241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) gene is a recently defined gene that is associated with the autosomal-dominant inherited tooth agenesis (TA). In the present study, a family of four generations having TA was recruited and subjected to a series of clinical, genetic, in silico, and in vitro investigations. Methods After routine clinical evaluation, the proband was subjected to whole-exome sequencing (WES) to detect the diagnostic variant. Next, in silico structural and molecular dynamics (MD) analysis was conducted on the identified novel missense variant for predicting its intramolecular impact. Subsequently, an in vitro study was performed to further explore the effect of this variant on protein maturation and phosphorylation. Results WES identified a novel variant, designated as LRP6: c.2570G > A (p.R857H), harbored by six members of the concerned family, four of whom exhibited varied TA symptoms. The in silico analysis suggested that this novel variant could probably damage the Wnt bonding function of the LRP6 protein. The experimental study demonstrated that although this novel variant did not affect the LRP6 gene transcription, it caused a impairment in the maturation and phosphorylation of LRP6 protein, suggesting the possibility of the disruption of the Wnt signaling. Conclusion The present study expanded the mutation spectrum of human TA in the LRP6 gene. The findings of the present study are insightful and conducive to understanding the functional significance of specific LRP6 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xia Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Gao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - You-Sheng Yan
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Qing Sun
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Yue Dong
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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24
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A catenin of the plakophilin-subfamily, Pkp3, responds to canonical-Wnt pathway components and signals. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 563:31-39. [PMID: 34058472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vertebrate beta-catenin plays a key role as a transducer of canonical-Wnt signals. We earlier reported that, similar to beta-catenin, the cytoplasmic signaling pool of p120-catenin-isoform1 is stabilized in response to canonical-Wnt signals. To obtain a yet broader view of the Wnt-pathway's impact upon catenin proteins, we focused upon plakophilin3 (plakophilin-3; Pkp3) as a representative of the plakophilin-catenin subfamily. Promoting tissue integrity, the plakophilins assist in linking desmosomal cadherins to intermediate filaments at desmosome junctions, and in common with other catenins they perform additional functions including in the nucleus. In this report, we test whether canonical-Wnt pathway components modulate Pkp3 protein levels. We find that in common with beta-catenin and p120-catenin-isoform1, Pkp3 is stabilized in the presence of a Wnt-ligand or a dominant-active form of the LRP6 receptor. Pkp3's levels are conversely lowered upon expressing destruction-complex components such as GSK3β and Axin, and in further likeness to beta-catenin and p120-isoform1, Pkp3 associates with GSK3beta and Axin. Finally, we note that Pkp3-catenin trans-localizes into the nucleus in response to Wnt-ligand and its exogenous expression stimulates an accepted Wnt reporter. These findings fit an expanded model where context-dependent Wnt-signals or pathway components modulate Pkp3-catenin levels. Future studies will be needed to assess potential gene regulatory, cell adhesive, or cytoskeletal effects.
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25
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Kruse M, Whitten RJ. Control of Neuronal Excitability by Cell Surface Receptor Density and Phosphoinositide Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:663840. [PMID: 33967808 PMCID: PMC8097148 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.663840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides are members of a family of minor phospholipids that make up about 1% of all lipids in most cell types. Despite their low abundance they have been found to be essential regulators of neuronal activities such as action potential firing, release and re-uptake of neurotransmitters, and interaction of cytoskeletal proteins with the plasma membrane. Activation of several different neurotransmitter receptors can deplete phosphoinositide levels by more than 90% in seconds, thereby profoundly altering neuronal behavior; however, despite the physiological importance of this mechanism we still lack a profound quantitative understanding of the connection between phosphoinositide metabolism and neuronal activity. Here, we present a model that describes phosphoinositide metabolism and phosphoinositide-dependent action potential firing in sympathetic neurons. The model allows for a simulation of activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and its effects on phosphoinositide levels and their regulation of action potential firing in these neurons. In this paper, we describe the characteristics of the model, its calibration to experimental data, and use the model to analyze how alterations of surface density of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors or altered activity levels of a key enzyme of phosphoinositide metabolism influence action potential firing of sympathetic neurons. In conclusion, the model provides a comprehensive framework describing the connection between muscarinic acetylcholine signaling, phosphoinositide metabolism, and action potential firing in sympathetic neurons which can be used to study the role of these signaling systems in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kruse
- Department of Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, United States
| | - Rayne J. Whitten
- Program in Neuroscience, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, United States
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26
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Cristobal CD, Ye Q, Jo J, Ding X, Wang CY, Cortes D, Chen Z, Lee HK. Daam2 couples translocation and clustering of Wnt receptor signalosomes through Rac1. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs.251140. [PMID: 33310913 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.251140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays a critical role in development across species and is dysregulated in a host of human diseases. A key step in signal transduction is the formation of Wnt receptor signalosomes, during which a large number of components translocate to the membrane, cluster together and amplify downstream signaling. However, the molecular processes that coordinate these events remain poorly defined. Here, we show that Daam2 regulates canonical Wnt signaling via the PIP2-PIP5K axis through its association with Rac1. Clustering of Daam2-mediated Wnt receptor complexes requires both Rac1 and PIP5K, and PIP5K promotes membrane localization of these complexes in a Rac1-dependent manner. Importantly, the localization of Daam2 complexes and Daam2-mediated canonical Wnt signaling is dependent upon actin polymerization. These studies - in chick spinal cord and human and monkey cell lines - highlight novel roles for Rac1 and the actin cytoskeleton in the regulation of canonical Wnt signaling and define Daam2 as a key scaffolding hub that coordinates membrane translocation and signalosome clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo D Cristobal
- Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qi Ye
- Department of Pediatric, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Juyeon Jo
- Department of Pediatric, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Ding
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chih-Yen Wang
- Department of Pediatric, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Diego Cortes
- Department of Pediatric, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyun Kyoung Lee
- Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA .,Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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27
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Abstract
The WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway is a rich and complex network of cellular proteins that orchestrates diverse short-range cell-to-cell communication in metazoans and is essential for both embryonic development and adult homeostasis. Due to its fundamental importance in controlling cell behaviour at multiple levels, its deregulation is associated with a wide range of diseases in humans and identification of drugs targeting the pathway has attracted strong interest in the pharmaceutical sector. Transduction of WNT signals across the plasma membrane of cells involves a staggering degree of complexity and variety with respect to ligand-receptor, receptor-receptor and receptor-co-receptor interactions (Niehrs, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 13:767-779, 2012). Although the low-density-lipoprotein-receptor-related-protein (LRP) family is best known for its role in binding and endocytosis of lipoproteins, specific members appear to have additional roles in cellular communication. Indeed, for WNT/β-catenin signalling one apparently universal requirement is the presence of either LRP5 or LRP6 in combination with one of the ten Frizzled (FZD) WNT receptors (FZD1-10). In the 20 years since their discovery as WNT/FZD co-receptors, research on the LRP family has contributed greatly to our understanding of WNT signalling and LRPs have emerged as central players in WNT/β-catenin signalling. LRP5/6 are highly similar and represent the least redundant class of WNT receptor that transduce WNT/β-catenin signalling from a wide range of different WNT and FZD subtypes. This apparent simplicity however belies the complex arrangement of binding sites in the extracellular domain (ECD) of LRP5/6, which regulate interaction not only with WNTs but also with several inhibitors of WNT signalling. This chapter provides a historical overview, chronologically charting this remarkable progress in the field during the last 20 years of research on LRPs and their role in WNT/-catenin signalling. A more focused overview of the structural, functional and mechanistic aspects of LRP biology is also provided, together with the implications this has for pharmacological targeting of this notoriously intractable pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Davidson
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBSC-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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28
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Zhao Y, Zou Z, Sun D, Li Y, Sinha SC, Yu L, Bennett L, Levine B. GLIPR2 is a negative regulator of autophagy and the BECN1-ATG14-containing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex. Autophagy 2020; 17:2891-2904. [PMID: 33222586 PMCID: PMC8526008 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1847798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A key mediator of macroautophagy/autophagy induction is the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I (PtdIns3K-C1) consisting of PIK3C3/VPS34, PIK3R4/VPS15, BECN1, and ATG14. Although several proteins are known to enhance or decrease PtdIns3K-C1 activity, our understanding of the molecular regulation of PtdIns3K-C1 is still incomplete. Previously, we identified a Golgi-associated protein, GLIPR2, in a screen for proteins that interact with amino acids 267–284 of BECN1, a region of BECN1 sufficient to induce autophagy when fused to a cell penetrating leader sequence. In this study, we used CRISPR-Cas9-mediated depletion of GLIPR2 in cells and mice to investigate the role of GLIPR2 in the regulation of autophagy and PtdIns3K-C1 activity. Depletion of GLIPR2 in HeLa cells increased autelophagic flux and generation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P). GLIPR2 knockout resulted in less compact Golgi structures, which was also observed in autophagy-inducing conditions such as amino acid starvation or Tat-BECN1 peptide treatment. Importantly, the binding of GLIPR2 to purified PtdIns3K-C1 inhibited the in vitro lipid kinase activity of PtdIns3K-C1. Moreover, the tissues of glipr2 knockout mice had increased basal autophagic flux as well as increased recruitment of the PtdIns3P-binding protein, WIPI2. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that GLIPR2 is a negative regulator of PtdIns3K-C1 activity and basal autophagy. Abbreviations: ATG14: autophagy related 14; Baf A1: bafilomycin A1; BARA: β-α repeated, autophagy-specific; CQ: chloroquine; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GLIPR2: GLI pathogenesis related 2; HBSS: Hanks’ balanced salt solution; KO: knockout; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PtdIns3K-C1: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; SEM: standard error of the mean; WIPI2: WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhao
- Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhongju Zou
- Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daxiao Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Sangita C Sinha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Li Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lynda Bennett
- Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Beth Levine
- Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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29
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Ding X, Jo J, Wang CY, Cristobal CD, Zuo Z, Ye Q, Wirianto M, Lindeke-Myers A, Choi JM, Mohila CA, Kawabe H, Jung SY, Bellen HJ, Yoo SH, Lee HK. The Daam2-VHL-Nedd4 axis governs developmental and regenerative oligodendrocyte differentiation. Genes Dev 2020; 34:1177-1189. [PMID: 32792353 PMCID: PMC7462057 DOI: 10.1101/gad.338046.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasomal system (UPS) enables pathogenic accumulation of disease-driving proteins in neurons across a host of neurological disorders. However, whether and how the UPS contributes to oligodendrocyte dysfunction and repair after white matter injury (WMI) remains undefined. Here we show that the E3 ligase VHL interacts with Daam2 and their mutual antagonism regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation during development. Using proteomic analysis of the Daam2-VHL complex coupled with conditional genetic knockout mouse models, we further discovered that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 is required for developmental myelination through stabilization of VHL via K63-linked ubiquitination. Furthermore, studies in mouse demyelination models and white matter lesions from patients with multiple sclerosis corroborate the function of this pathway during remyelination after WMI. Overall, these studies provide evidence that a signaling axis involving key UPS components contributes to oligodendrocyte development and repair and reveal a new role for Nedd4 in glial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Ding
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Juyeon Jo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Chih-Yen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Carlo D Cristobal
- Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Zhongyuan Zuo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Qi Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Marvin Wirianto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Aaron Lindeke-Myers
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jong Min Choi
- Center for Molecular Discovery, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Carrie A Mohila
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hiroshi Kawabe
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Center for Molecular Discovery, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hyun Kyoung Lee
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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30
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Anti-angiogenic effects of VEGF stimulation on endothelium deficient in phosphoinositide recycling. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1204. [PMID: 32139674 PMCID: PMC7058007 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14956-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapies have generated significant interest for their potential to combat tumor growth. However, tumor overproduction of pro-angiogenic ligands can overcome these therapies, hampering success of this approach. To circumvent this problem, we target the resynthesis of phosphoinositides consumed during intracellular transduction of pro-angiogenic signals in endothelial cells (EC), thus harnessing the tumor’s own production of excess stimulatory ligands to deplete adjacent ECs of the capacity to respond to these signals. Using zebrafish and human endothelial cells in vitro, we show ECs deficient in CDP-diacylglycerol synthase 2 are uniquely sensitive to increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulation due to a reduced capacity to re-synthesize phosphoinositides, including phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2), resulting in VEGF-exacerbated defects in angiogenesis and angiogenic signaling. Using murine tumor allograft models, we show that systemic or EC specific suppression of phosphoinositide recycling results in reduced tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis. Our results suggest inhibition of phosphoinositide recycling provides a useful anti-angiogenic approach. Tumors can overproduce pro-angiogenic ligands overcoming currently approved anti-angiogenic therapies and hindering their success. Here, the authors show that targeting phosphoinositide recycling during tumor angiogenesis harnesses the tumor’s own production of angiogenic ligands to deplete adjacent endothelial cells of the capacity to respond to these signals.
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31
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Guo H, Yuan K, Zhang Z, Xue Y, Yan W, Meng S, Zhu W, Wu P, Bao Y, Shi J, Zhang W, Lu L, Han Y. Pi4KIIα Regulates Unconditioned Stimulus-Retrieval-Induced Fear Memory Reconsolidation through Endosomal Trafficking of AMPA Receptors. iScience 2020; 23:100895. [PMID: 32088394 PMCID: PMC7038502 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting memory reconsolidation is an effective intervention for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Disrupting unconditioned stimulus (US)-retrieval-induced fear memory reconsolidation has become an effective therapeutic approach to attenuate fear memory, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we report that US-retrieval-dependent increase in phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIα (Pi4KIIα) promotes early endosomal trafficking of AMPA receptors, leading to the enhancement of synaptic efficacy in basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons. The inhibition of Pi4KIIα by an inhibitor or short hairpin RNA impaired contextual fear memory reconsolidation. This disruptive effect persisted for at least 2 weeks, which was restored by Pi4KIIα overexpression with TAT-Pi4KIIα. Furthermore, the blockade of early endosomal trafficking following US retrieval reduced synaptosomal membrane GluA1 levels and decreased subsequent fear expression. These data demonstrate that Pi4KIIα in the BLA is crucial for US-retrieval-induced fear memory reconsolidation, the inhibition of which might be an effective therapeutic strategy for treating PTSD. Unconditioned stimulus (US) retrieval induces a transient increase in Pi4KIIα expression Pi4KIIα regulates early endosomal trafficking of AMPARs during memory reconsolidation Pi4KIIα contributes to US-retrieval-induced synaptic enhancement in rat BLA Pi4KIIα inhibition after US retrieval impairs fear expression and shows long-term effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Guo
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), 51 Huayuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), 51 Huayuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhongyu Zhang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanxue Xue
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), 51 Huayuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shiqiu Meng
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weili Zhu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanping Bao
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jie Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Lin Lu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), 51 Huayuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Ying Han
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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Yang D, Li S, Duan X, Ren J, Liang S, Yakoumatos L, Kang Y, Uriarte SM, Shang J, Li W, Wang H. TLR4 induced Wnt3a-Dvl3 restrains the intensity of inflammation and protects against endotoxin-driven organ failure through GSK3β/β-catenin signaling. Mol Immunol 2020; 118:153-164. [PMID: 31884387 PMCID: PMC7035959 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests a regulatory role of Wnt proteins in innate immune responses. However, the effects of Wnt3a signaling on TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses are controversial and the signaling crosstalk between TLR4 and Wnt3a remains uncertain. METHODS Gain- and Loss- of function approaches were utilized to determine the function of Wnt3a signaling in TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses. Cytokine production at protein and mRNA levels and phosphorylation of signaling molecules were measured by ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western Blot, respectively. Endotoxemia mouse model was employed to assess the effect of Wnt3a on systemic inflammatory cytokine levels and neutrophil infiltration. RESULTS LPS stimulation leads to an increase of Wnt3a expression and its downstream molecule, Dvl3, in primary monocytes. Inhibition or silence of Wnt3a or Dvl3 significantly increases the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-6, TNFα), robustly reduces β-catenin accumulation, and enhances the phosphorylation of NF-κB P65 and its DNA binding activity. These results were confirmed by multiple gain- and loss- of function approaches including specific siRNA and ectopic expression of Dvl3, GSK3β, and β-catenin in monocytes. Moreover, in vivo relevance was established in a murine endotoxin model, in which Wnt3a inhibition enhances the inflammatory responses by augmenting the systemic pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and neutrophil infiltration. CONCLUSIONS TLR4 activation promotes Wnt3a-Dvl3 signaling, which acts as rheostats to restrain the intensity of inflammation through regulating GSK3β-β-catenin signaling and NF-κB activity. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Wnt3a-Dvl3-β-catenin signaling axis could be a potential interventional target for manipulating the direction and intensity of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqiang Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - ShuJian Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xiaoxian Duan
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Junling Ren
- VCU Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lan Yakoumatos
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jia Shang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Huizhi Wang
- VCU Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Baloghova N, Lidak T, Cermak L. Ubiquitin Ligases Involved in the Regulation of Wnt, TGF-β, and Notch Signaling Pathways and Their Roles in Mouse Development and Homeostasis. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100815. [PMID: 31623112 PMCID: PMC6826584 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt, TGF-β, and Notch signaling pathways are essential for the regulation of cellular polarity, differentiation, proliferation, and migration. Differential activation and mutual crosstalk of these pathways during animal development are crucial instructive forces in the initiation of the body axis and the development of organs and tissues. Due to the ability to initiate cell proliferation, these pathways are vulnerable to somatic mutations selectively producing cells, which ultimately slip through cellular and organismal checkpoints and develop into cancer. The architecture of the Wnt, TGF-β, and Notch signaling pathways is simple. The transmembrane receptor, activated by the extracellular stimulus, induces nuclear translocation of the transcription factor, which subsequently changes the expression of target genes. Nevertheless, these pathways are regulated by a myriad of factors involved in various feedback mechanisms or crosstalk. The most prominent group of regulators is the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). To open the door to UPS-based therapeutic manipulations, a thorough understanding of these regulations at a molecular level and rigorous confirmation in vivo are required. In this quest, mouse models are exceptional and, thanks to the progress in genetic engineering, also an accessible tool. Here, we reviewed the current understanding of how the UPS regulates the Wnt, TGF-β, and Notch pathways and we summarized the knowledge gained from related mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikol Baloghova
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomas Lidak
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Lukas Cermak
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic.
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García de Herreros A, Duñach M. Intracellular Signals Activated by Canonical Wnt Ligands Independent of GSK3 Inhibition and β-Catenin Stabilization. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101148. [PMID: 31557964 PMCID: PMC6829497 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to non-canonical ligands, canonical Wnts promote the stabilization of β-catenin, which is a prerequisite for formation of the TCF4/β-catenin transcriptional complex and activation of its target genes. This pathway is initiated by binding of Wnt ligands to the Frizzled/LRP5/6 receptor complex, and it increases the half-life of β-catenin by precluding the phosphorylation of β-catenin by GSK3 and its binding to the βTrCP1 ubiquitin ligase. Other intercellular signals are also activated by Wnt ligands that do not inhibit GSK3 and increase β-catenin protein but that either facilitate β-catenin transcriptional activity or stimulate other transcriptional factors that cooperate with it. In this review, we describe the layers of complexity of these signals and discuss their crosstalk with β-catenin in activation of transcriptional targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García de Herreros
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Unidad Asociada CSIC, and Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireia Duñach
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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35
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The Great Escape: how phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases and PI4P promote vesicle exit from the Golgi (and drive cancer). Biochem J 2019; 476:2321-2346. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) is a membrane glycerophospholipid and a major regulator of the characteristic appearance of the Golgi complex as well as its vesicular trafficking, signalling and metabolic functions. Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases, and in particular the PI4KIIIβ isoform, act in concert with PI4P to recruit macromolecular complexes to initiate the biogenesis of trafficking vesicles for several Golgi exit routes. Dysregulation of Golgi PI4P metabolism and the PI4P protein interactome features in many cancers and is often associated with tumour progression and a poor prognosis. Increased expression of PI4P-binding proteins, such as GOLPH3 or PITPNC1, induces a malignant secretory phenotype and the release of proteins that can remodel the extracellular matrix, promote angiogenesis and enhance cell motility. Aberrant Golgi PI4P metabolism can also result in the impaired post-translational modification of proteins required for focal adhesion formation and cell–matrix interactions, thereby potentiating the development of aggressive metastatic and invasive tumours. Altered expression of the Golgi-targeted PI 4-kinases, PI4KIIIβ, PI4KIIα and PI4KIIβ, or the PI4P phosphate Sac1, can also modulate oncogenic signalling through effects on TGN-endosomal trafficking. A Golgi trafficking role for a PIP 5-kinase has been recently described, which indicates that PI4P is not the only functionally important phosphoinositide at this subcellular location. This review charts new developments in our understanding of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase function at the Golgi and how PI4P-dependent trafficking can be deregulated in malignant disease.
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36
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Alkylglycerol monooxygenase, a heterotaxy candidate gene, regulates left-right patterning via Wnt signaling. Dev Biol 2019; 456:1-7. [PMID: 31398317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of morbidity in the pediatric population yet its genetic and molecular causes remain poorly defined. Previously, we identified AGMO as a candidate heterotaxy disease gene, a disorder of left-right (LR) patterning that can have a profound effect on cardiac function. AGMO is the only known alkylglycerol monooxygenase, an orphan tetrahydrobiopterin dependent enzyme that cleaves the ether linkage in alkylglycerols. However, whether AGMO plays a role in LR patterning was unexplored. Here we reveal that Agmo is required for correct development of the embryonic LR axis in Xenopus embryos recapitulating the patient's heterotaxy phenotype. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that Agmo is a regulator of canonical Wnt signaling, required during gastrulation for normal formation of the left - right organizer. Mutational analysis demonstrates that this function is dependent on Agmo's alkylglycerol monooxygenase activity. Together, our findings identify Agmo as a regulator of canonical Wnt signaling, demonstrate a role for Agmo in embryonic axis formation, and provide insight into the poorly understood developmental requirements for ether lipid cleavage.
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Shami Shah A, Batrouni AG, Kim D, Punyala A, Cao W, Han C, Goldberg ML, Smolka MB, Baskin JM. PLEKHA4/kramer Attenuates Dishevelled Ubiquitination to Modulate Wnt and Planar Cell Polarity Signaling. Cell Rep 2019; 27:2157-2170.e8. [PMID: 31091453 PMCID: PMC6594551 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathways direct key physiological decisions in development. Here, we establish a role for a pleckstrin homology domain-containing protein, PLEKHA4, as a modulator of signaling strength in Wnt-receiving cells. PLEKHA4 oligomerizes into clusters at PI(4,5)P2-rich regions of the plasma membrane and recruits the Cullin-3 (CUL3) E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate adaptor Kelch-like protein 12 (KLHL12) to these assemblies. This recruitment decreases CUL3-KLHL12-mediated polyubiquitination of Dishevelled, a central intermediate in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling. Knockdown of PLEKHA4 in mammalian cells demonstrates that PLEKHA4 positively regulates canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling via these effects on the Dishevelled polyubiquitination machinery. In vivo knockout of the Drosophila melanogaster PLEKHA4 homolog, kramer, selectively affects the non-canonical, planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway. We propose that PLEKHA4 tunes the sensitivities of cells toward the stimulation of Wnt or PCP signaling by sequestering a key E3 ligase adaptor controlling Dishevelled polyubiquitination within PI(4,5)P2-rich plasma membrane clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Shami Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Alex G Batrouni
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Dongsung Kim
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Amith Punyala
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Wendy Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Chun Han
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Michael L Goldberg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Marcus B Smolka
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jeremy M Baskin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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38
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Functional link between plasma membrane spatiotemporal dynamics, cancer biology, and dietary membrane-altering agents. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:519-544. [PMID: 29860560 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The cell plasma membrane serves as a nexus integrating extra- and intracellular components, which together enable many of the fundamental cellular signaling processes that sustain life. In order to perform this key function, plasma membrane components assemble into well-defined domains exhibiting distinct biochemical and biophysical properties that modulate various signaling events. Dysregulation of these highly dynamic membrane domains can promote oncogenic signaling. Recently, it has been demonstrated that select membrane-targeted dietary bioactives (MTDBs) have the ability to remodel plasma membrane domains and subsequently reduce cancer risk. In this review, we focus on the importance of plasma membrane domain structural and signaling functionalities as well as how loss of membrane homeostasis can drive aberrant signaling. Additionally, we discuss the intricacies associated with the investigation of these membrane domain features and their associations with cancer biology. Lastly, we describe the current literature focusing on MTDBs, including mechanisms of chemoprevention and therapeutics in order to establish a functional link between these membrane-altering biomolecules, tuning of plasma membrane hierarchal organization, and their implications in cancer prevention.
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39
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Silencing of type II phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase β stabilizes prostate apoptosis response-4 and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Biochem J 2019; 476:405-419. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Type II phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase β (PtdIns 4-kinase II β) is an enigma among the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase family. The role of PtdIns 4-kinase II β in MCF-7 cells was addressed with the help of short hairpin RNA (shRNA). PtdIns 4-kinase II β shRNA transfection increased pan-caspase activity and induced apoptosis in cancerous MCF-7 cells. Non-cancerous MCF-10A cells were resistant to PtdIns 4-kinase II β shRNA-induced apoptosis. Caspase 8 and 9 inhibitors rescued MCF-7 cells from apoptosis. Shotgun proteomic studies with Flag-tagged PtdIns 4-kinase II β immunoprecipitates showed tumor suppressor prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) as one of the interacting proteins in HEK293 cells. In reciprocal experiments, Par-4 antibodies co-precipitated PtdIns 4-kinase II β from MCF-7 cells. Deletion of membrane localization motif (ΔCCPCC) or a mutation in ATP-binding region (D304A) of PtdIns 4-kinase II β did not affect its interaction with Par-4. Pull-down assays with GST-PtdIns 4-kinase II β-truncated mutants showed that the region between 101 and 215 amino acid residues is essential for interaction with Par-4. At molecular level, PtdIns 4-kinase II β shRNA transfection increased Par-4 stability, its nuclear localization and inhibition of NF-κB binding to target DNA. Knocking down of Par-4 with siRNA (small interfering RNA) rescued MCF-7 cells from PtdIns 4-kinase II β shRNA-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that PtdIns 4-kinase II β may be a novel regulator of Par-4 through protein–protein interactions. These studies have potential implications in cancer therapy.
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40
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Sengupta N, Jović M, Barnaeva E, Kim DW, Hu X, Southall N, Dejmek M, Mejdrova I, Nencka R, Baumlova A, Chalupska D, Boura E, Ferrer M, Marugan J, Balla T. A large scale high-throughput screen identifies chemical inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type II alpha. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:683-693. [PMID: 30626625 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d090159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The minor phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), is emerging as a key regulator of lipid transfer in ER-membrane contact sites. Four different phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) enzymes generate PI4P in different membrane compartments supporting distinct cellular processes, many of which are crucial for the maintenance of cellular integrity but also hijacked by intracellular pathogens. While type III PI4Ks have been targeted by small molecular inhibitors, thus helping decipher their importance in cellular physiology, no inhibitors are available for the type II PI4Ks, which hinders investigations into their cellular functions. Here, we describe the identification of small molecular inhibitors of PI4K type II alpha (PI4K2A) by implementing a large scale small molecule high-throughput screening. A novel assay was developed that allows testing of selected inhibitors against PI4K2A in intact cells using a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer approach adapted to plate readers. The compounds disclosed here will pave the way to the optimization of PI4K2A inhibitors that can be used in cellular and animal studies to better understand the role of this enzyme in both normal and pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Sengupta
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Marko Jović
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Elena Barnaeva
- Division of Preclinical Innovation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - David W Kim
- Division of Preclinical Innovation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Xin Hu
- Division of Preclinical Innovation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Noel Southall
- Division of Preclinical Innovation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Milan Dejmek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Mejdrova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Nencka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Adriana Baumlova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Chalupska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Evzen Boura
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Division of Preclinical Innovation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Juan Marugan
- Division of Preclinical Innovation National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Tamas Balla
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Agajanian MJ, Walker MP, Axtman AD, Ruela-de-Sousa RR, Serafin DS, Rabinowitz AD, Graham DM, Ryan MB, Tamir T, Nakamichi Y, Gammons MV, Bennett JM, Couñago RM, Drewry DH, Elkins JM, Gileadi C, Gileadi O, Godoi PH, Kapadia N, Müller S, Santiago AS, Sorrell FJ, Wells CI, Fedorov O, Willson TM, Zuercher WJ, Major MB. WNT Activates the AAK1 Kinase to Promote Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LRP6 and Establish a Negative Feedback Loop. Cell Rep 2019; 26:79-93.e8. [PMID: 30605688 PMCID: PMC6315376 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Catenin-dependent WNT signal transduction governs development, tissue homeostasis, and a vast array of human diseases. Signal propagation through a WNT-Frizzled/LRP receptor complex requires proteins necessary for clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). Paradoxically, CME also negatively regulates WNT signaling through internalization and degradation of the receptor complex. Here, using a gain-of-function screen of the human kinome, we report that the AP2 associated kinase 1 (AAK1), a known CME enhancer, inhibits WNT signaling. Reciprocally, AAK1 genetic silencing or its pharmacological inhibition using a potent and selective inhibitor activates WNT signaling. Mechanistically, we show that AAK1 promotes clearance of LRP6 from the plasma membrane to suppress the WNT pathway. Time-course experiments support a transcription-uncoupled, WNT-driven negative feedback loop; prolonged WNT treatment drives AAK1-dependent phosphorylation of AP2M1, clathrin-coated pit maturation, and endocytosis of LRP6. We propose that, following WNT receptor activation, increased AAK1 function and CME limits WNT signaling longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J Agajanian
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Matthew P Walker
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alison D Axtman
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Roberta R Ruela-de-Sousa
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - D Stephen Serafin
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alex D Rabinowitz
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - David M Graham
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Meagan B Ryan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tigist Tamir
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yuko Nakamichi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano 399-0704, Japan
| | - Melissa V Gammons
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - James M Bennett
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Rafael M Couñago
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - David H Drewry
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan M Elkins
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil; Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Carina Gileadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Opher Gileadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil; Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Paulo H Godoi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Nirav Kapadia
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Susanne Müller
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - André S Santiago
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Fiona J Sorrell
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Carrow I Wells
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Oleg Fedorov
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Timothy M Willson
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - William J Zuercher
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael B Major
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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42
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Arellanes-Robledo J, Reyes-Gordillo K, Ibrahim J, Leckey L, Shah R, Lakshman MR. Ethanol targets nucleoredoxin/dishevelled interactions and stimulates phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate production in vivo and in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 156:135-146. [PMID: 30125555 PMCID: PMC6297114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoredoxin (NXN) is a redox-regulating protein potentially targeted by reactive oxygen species (ROS). It regulates molecular pathways that participate in several key cellular processes. However, the role of NXN in the alcohol liver disease (ALD) redox regulation has not been fully understood. Here, we investigated the effects of ethanol and ethanol plus lipopolysaccharide, a two-hit liver injury model (Ethanol/LPS), on NXN/dishevelled (DVL) interaction and on DVL-dependent phosphoinositides production both in mouse liver and in a co-culture system consisting of human hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and ethanol metabolizing-VL17A human hepatocyte cells. Ethanol and two-hit model increased Nxn protein and mRNA expression, and 4-hydroxynonenal adducts. Two-hit model promoted Nxn nuclear translocation and Dvl/Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type-IIα (Pi4k2a) interaction ratio but surprisingly decreased Dvl protein and mRNA levels and reverted ethanol-induced Nxn/Dvl and Dvl/frizzled (Fzd) interaction ratios. Ethanol resulted in a significant increase of Dvl protein and mRNA expression, and decreased Nxn/Dvl interaction ratio but promoted the interaction of Dvl with Fzd and Pi4k2a; formation of this complex induced phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] production. Ethanol and LPS treatments provoked similar alterations on NXN/DVL interaction and its downstream effect in HSC/VL17A co-culture system. Interestingly, ROS and glutathione levels as well as most of ethanol-induced alterations were modified by NXN overexpression in the co-culture system. In conclusion, two-hit model of ethanol exposure disrupts NXN/DVL homeostatic status to allow DVL/FZD/PI4K2A complex formation and stimulates PI(4)P production. These results provide a new mechanism showing that NXN also participates in the regulation of phosphoinositides production that is altered by ethanol during alcoholic liver disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Arellanes-Robledo
- Lipid Research Laboratory, VA Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA; Laboratory of Hepatic Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine - INMEGEN, CDMX, Mexico; National Council of Science and Technology - CONACYT, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Karina Reyes-Gordillo
- Lipid Research Laboratory, VA Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA.
| | - Joseph Ibrahim
- Lipid Research Laboratory, VA Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Leslie Leckey
- Lipid Research Laboratory, VA Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Ruchi Shah
- Lipid Research Laboratory, VA Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - M Raj Lakshman
- Lipid Research Laboratory, VA Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
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43
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Structural Basis for Regulation of Phosphoinositide Kinases and Their Involvement in Human Disease. Mol Cell 2018; 71:653-673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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44
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Abstract
The scaffold protein APC has a well-known function in ensuring β-catenin destruction. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Saito-Diaz et al. (2018) uncover another role for APC in Wnt signaling: to prevent clathrin-dependent signalosome formation in the absence of ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian John McGough
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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45
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Lopez DH, Bestard-Escalas J, Garate J, Maimó-Barceló A, Fernández R, Reigada R, Khorrami S, Ginard D, Okazaki T, Fernández JA, Barceló-Coblijn G. Tissue-selective alteration of ethanolamine plasmalogen metabolism in dedifferentiated colon mucosa. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:928-938. [PMID: 29709709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human colon lipid analysis by imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) demonstrates that the lipid fingerprint is highly sensitive to a cell's pathophysiological state. Along the colon crypt axis, and concomitant to the differentiation process, certain lipid species tightly linked to signaling (phosphatidylinositols and arachidonic acid (AA)-containing diacylglycerophospholipids), change following a rather simple mathematical expression. We extend here our observations to ethanolamine plasmalogens (PlsEtn), a unique type of glycerophospholipid presenting a vinyl ether linkage at sn-1 position. PlsEtn distribution was studied in healthy, adenomatous, and carcinomatous colon mucosa sections by IMS. In epithelium, 75% of PlsEtn changed in a highly regular manner along the crypt axis, in clear contrast with diacyl species (67% of which remained constant). Consistently, AA-containing PlsEtn species were more abundant at the base, where stem cells reside, and decreased while ascending the crypt. In turn, mono-/diunsaturated species experienced the opposite change. These gradients were accompanied by a gradual expression of ether lipid synthesis enzymes. In lamina propria, 90% of stromal PlsEtn remained unchanged despite the high content of AA and the gradient in AA-containing diacylglycerophospholipids. Finally, both lipid and protein gradients were severely affected in polyps and carcinoma. These results link PlsEtn species regulation to cell differentiation for the first time and confirm that diacyl and ether species are differently regulated. Furthermore, they reaffirm the observations on cell lipid fingerprint image sensitivity to predict cell pathophysiological status, reinforcing the translational impact both lipidome and IMS might have in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Lopez
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Joan Bestard-Escalas
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Jone Garate
- Dep. of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Biscay, Spain.
| | - Albert Maimó-Barceló
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Roberto Fernández
- Dep. of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Biscay, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Reigada
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Sam Khorrami
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Daniel Ginard
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Toshiro Okazaki
- Department of Hematology/Immunity, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
| | - José A Fernández
- Dep. of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Biscay, Spain.
| | - Gwendolyn Barceló-Coblijn
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
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46
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Zhang L, Li J, Zhang P, Gao Z, Zhao Y, Qiao X, Chen C. PI4KIIα regulates insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis via a PKD-dependent pathway. BIOPHYSICS REPORTS 2018; 4:25-38. [PMID: 29577067 PMCID: PMC5860104 DOI: 10.1007/s41048-018-0049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin release by pancreatic β cells plays a key role in regulating blood glucose levels in humans, and to understand the mechanism for insulin secretion may reveal therapeutic strategies for diabetes. We found that PI4KIIα transgenic (TG) mice have abnormal glucose tolerance and higher serum glucose levels than wild-type mice. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was significantly reduced in both PI4KIIα TG mice and PI4KIIα-overexpressing pancreatic β cell lines. A proximity-based biotin labeling technique, BioID, was used to identify proteins that interact with PI4KIIα, and the results revealed that PI4KIIα interacts with PKD and negatively regulates its activity. The effect of PI4KIIα on insulin secretion was completely rescued by altering PKD activity. PI4KIIα overexpression also worsened glucose tolerance in streptozotocin/high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice by impairing insulin secretion. Our study has shed new light on PI4KIIα function and mechanism in diabetes and identified PI4KIIα as an important regulator of insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunfeng Zhang
- 1National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China.,2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jiangmei Li
- 1National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China.,3Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- 3Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Zhen Gao
- 1National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China.,2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- 1National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China.,3Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- 1National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China.,2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Chang Chen
- 1National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China.,2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China.,4Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069 China
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47
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Tacchelly-Benites O, Wang Z, Yang E, Benchabane H, Tian A, Randall MP, Ahmed Y. Axin phosphorylation in both Wnt-off and Wnt-on states requires the tumor suppressor APC. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007178. [PMID: 29408853 PMCID: PMC5800574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant activation of Wnt signal transduction initiates the development of 90% of colorectal cancers, the majority of which arise from inactivation of the tumor suppressor Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). In the classical model for Wnt signaling, the primary role of APC is to act, together with the concentration-limiting scaffold protein Axin, in a “destruction complex” that directs the phosphorylation and consequent proteasomal degradation of the transcriptional activator β-catenin, thereby preventing signaling in the Wnt-off state. Following Wnt stimulation, Axin is recruited to a multiprotein “signalosome” required for pathway activation. Whereas it is well-documented that APC is essential in the destruction complex, APC’s role in this complex remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate in Drosophila that Axin exists in two distinct phosphorylation states in Wnt-off and Wnt-on conditions, respectively, that underlie its roles in the destruction complex and signalosome. These two Axin phosphorylation states are catalyzed by glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), and unexpectedly, completely dependent on APC in both unstimulated and Wnt-stimulated conditions. In a major revision of the classical model, we show that APC is essential not only in the destruction complex, but also for the rapid transition in Axin that occurs after Wnt stimulation and Axin’s subsequent association with the Wnt co-receptor LRP6/Arrow, one of the earliest steps in pathway activation. We propose that this novel requirement for APC in Axin regulation through phosphorylation both prevents signaling in the Wnt-off state and promotes signaling immediately following Wnt stimulation. The Wnt signal transduction pathway directs fundamental cellular processes during development and in homeostasis. Wnt signaling is deregulated in 90% of colorectal cancers, most of which are triggered by inactivation of the tumor suppressor Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). In the classical model, APC’s sole role in Wnt signaling is to target the transcriptional coactivator β-catenin for phosphorylation and subsequent degradation, and thereby to inhibit signaling in the unstimulated state. However, the mechanisms by which APC functions remain unknown. Herein, we provide evidence in Drosophila that supports a major role for APC in the direct regulation of the scaffold protein Axin in both Wnt-on and Wnt-off conditions. Our results indicate that APC promotes Axin phosphorylation, which is required not only to inhibit signaling in the unstimulated state, but also to activate signaling following Wnt stimulation. These unanticipated findings support a more active and multifaceted role for APC in Wnt signaling than previously known, and force revision of the current model for APC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofelia Tacchelly-Benites
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Zhenghan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Eungi Yang
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Hassina Benchabane
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Ai Tian
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Randall
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Yashi Ahmed
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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48
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Minogue S. The Many Roles of Type II Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinases in Membrane Trafficking: New Tricks for Old Dogs. Bioessays 2017; 40. [PMID: 29280156 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201700145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The type II phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases (PI4KIIs) produce the lipid phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) and participate in a confusing variety of membrane trafficking and signaling roles. This review argues that both historical and contemporary evidence supports the function of the PI4KIIs in numerous trafficking pathways, and that the key to understanding the enzymatic regulation is through membrane interaction and the intrinsic membrane environment. By summarizing new research and examining the trafficking roles of the PI4KIIs in the context of recently solved molecular structures, I highlight how mechanisms of PI4KII function and regulation are providing insights into the development of cancer and in neurological disease. I present an integrated view connecting the cell biology, molecular regulation, and roles in whole animal systems of these increasingly important proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Minogue
- Lipid and Membrane Biology Group, UCL Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
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49
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Conformational Freedom of the LRP6 Ectodomain Is Regulated by N-glycosylation and the Binding of the Wnt Antagonist Dkk1. Cell Rep 2017; 18:32-40. [PMID: 28052259 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
LDL-receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) is a single-pass membrane glycoprotein with a large modular ectodomain and forms a higher order signaling platform upon binding Wnt ligands on the cell surface. Although multiple crystal structures are available for fragments of the LRP6 ectodomain, we lack a consensus view on the overall molecular architecture of the full-length LRP6 and its dynamic aspects. Here, we used negative-stain electron microscopy to probe conformational states of the entire ectodomain of LRP6 in solution and found that the four-module ectodomain undergoes a large bending motion hinged at the junction between the second and the third modules. Importantly, the extent of inter-domain motion is modulated by evolutionarily conserved N-glycan chains proximal to the joint. We also found that the LRP6 ectodomain becomes highly compact upon complexation with the Wnt antagonist Dkk1, suggesting a potential role for the ectodomain conformational change in the regulation of receptor oligomerization and signaling.
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50
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Yang W, Garrett L, Feng D, Elliott G, Liu X, Wang N, Wong YM, Choi NT, Yang Y, Gao B. Wnt-induced Vangl2 phosphorylation is dose-dependently required for planar cell polarity in mammalian development. Cell Res 2017; 27:1466-1484. [PMID: 29056748 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2017.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Planar cell polarity (PCP) is an evolutionarily conserved essential mechanism that provides directional information to control and coordinate polarized cellular and tissue behavior during embryonic development. Disruption of PCP leads to severe morphological defects in vertebrates and its dysregulation results in a variety of human diseases such as neural tube defects and skeletal dysplasia. PCP is governed by a set of highly conserved core proteins that are asymmetrically localized at the cell surface throughout the polarized tissues. The uniform directionality of PCP is established by global cues, such as Wg/Wnt signaling gradients that break the original symmetrical localization of core PCP proteins including Vang/Vangl and Fz/Fzd. However, the exact mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we found that Vangl2 phosphorylation, which was previously identified to be induced by Wnt5a signaling, is required for Vangl2 functions in mammalian PCP in multiple tissues. The in vivo activities of Vangl2 are determined by its phosphorylation level. Phospho-mutant Vangl2 exhibits dominant negative effects, whereas Vangl2 with reduced phosphorylation is hypomorphic. We show that Vangl2 phosphorylation is essential for its uniform polarization pattern. Moreover, serine/threonine kinases CK1ɛ and CK1δ are redundantly required for Wnt5a-induced Vangl2 phosphorylation. Dvl family members are also required for Wnt5a-induced Vangl2 phosphorylation by enhancing the interaction of CK1 and Vangl2. These findings demonstrate that induction of Vangl protein phosphorylation plays an essential role in transducing Wnt5a signaling to establish PCP in mammalian development, suggesting a phosphorylation-regulated "Vangl activity gradient" model in addition to the well-documented "Fz activity gradient" model in Wnt/PCP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lisa Garrett
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Di Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gene Elliott
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xilin Liu
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Ni Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Ming Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nga Ting Choi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingzi Yang
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth & HKU-SUSTEC Joint Laboratories of Matrix Biology and Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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