1
|
Zhang X, Zhao Q, Wang T, Long Q, Sun Y, Jiao L, Gullerova M. DNA damage response, a double-edged sword for vascular aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102137. [PMID: 38007046 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a major risk factor for age-related cardiovascular diseases, which have high rates of morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by changes in the blood vessels, such as macroscopically increased vascular diameter and intima-medial thickness, chronic inflammation, vascular calcification, arterial stiffening, and atherosclerosis. DNA damage and the subsequent various DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are important causative factors of vascular aging. Deficient DDR, which may result in the accumulation of unrepaired damaged DNA or mutations, can lead to vascular aging. On the other hand, over-activation of some DDR proteins, such as poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), also can enhance the process of vascular aging, suggesting that DDR can have both positive and negative effects on vascular aging. Despite the evidence reviewed in this paper, the role of DDR in vascular aging and potential therapeutic targets remain poorly understood and require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- M.D. Program, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qilin Long
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Yixin Sun
- First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Monika Gullerova
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yan Z, Zhang R. Measurement of spin-lattice relaxation times in multiphase polymer systems. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 357:107597. [PMID: 37984029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has emerged as a pivotal technique for unraveling the microstructure and dynamics of intricate polymer and biological materials. Within this context, site-specific proton spin-lattice relaxation times in the laboratory frame (T1) and rotating frame (T1ρ) have become indispensable tools for investigating phase separation structures and molecular dynamics in multiphase polymer systems. Notably, the site-specific measurement of proton T1 and T1ρ is usually achieved via 13C detection in polymers, where 1H polarization is typically transferred to 13C via cross polarization (CP). Nevertheless, CP relies on the 1H-13C heteronuclear dipolar couplings, and thus it does not work well for the mobile components. In this study, via the integration of CP and RINEPT (refocused insensitive nuclei enhanced by polarization transfer), we propose a robust approach for the measurement of site-specific proton T1 and T1ρ in multiphase polymers. It overcomes the limitation of CP on transferring 1H polarization to 13C in mobile components, and thus enables simultaneous determination of site-specific proton T1 and T1ρ in rigid and mobile components in multiphase polymers in a single experiment. Such experiment can also be used for dynamics-based spectral editing due to the dynamic selectivity of CP- and RINEPT-based polarization transfer process. The proposed experiments are well demonstrated on three typical multiphase polymer systems, poly(methyl methacrylate)/polybutadiene (PMMA/PB) polymer blend, polyurethane (PU) and polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene (SBS) elastomers. We envisage the proposed experiments can be a universal avenue for structural and dynamic elucidation of multiphase polymers containing both rigid and mobile components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Yan
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology (AISMST), School of Emergent Soft Matter (SESM), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Rongchun Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology (AISMST), School of Emergent Soft Matter (SESM), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Badiee M, Kenet AL, Ganser LR, Paul T, Myong S, Leung AKL. Switch-like compaction of poly(ADP-ribose) upon cation binding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215068120. [PMID: 37126687 PMCID: PMC10175808 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215068120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is a homopolymer of adenosine diphosphate ribose that is added to proteins as a posttranslational modification to regulate numerous cellular processes. PAR also serves as a scaffold for protein binding in macromolecular complexes, including biomolecular condensates. It remains unclear how PAR achieves specific molecular recognition. Here, we use single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) to evaluate PAR flexibility under different cation conditions. We demonstrate that, compared to RNA and DNA, PAR has a longer persistence length and undergoes a sharper transition from extended to compact states in physiologically relevant concentrations of various cations (Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and spermine4+). We show that the degree of PAR compaction depends on the concentration and valency of cations. Furthermore, the intrinsically disordered protein FUS also served as a macromolecular cation to compact PAR. Taken together, our study reveals the inherent stiffness of PAR molecules, which undergo switch-like compaction in response to cation binding. This study indicates that a cationic environment may drive recognition specificity of PAR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Badiee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Adam L. Kenet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Laura R. Ganser
- Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21218
| | - Tapas Paul
- Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21218
| | - Sua Myong
- Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21218
| | - Anthony K. L. Leung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
- Department of Genetic Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Badiee M, Kenet AL, Ganser LR, Paul T, Myong S, Leung AKL. Switch-like Compaction of Poly(ADP-ribose) Upon Cation Binding. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.11.531013. [PMID: 36993178 PMCID: PMC10055007 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.11.531013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is a homopolymer of adenosine diphosphate ribose that is added to proteins as a post-translational modification to regulate numerous cellular processes. PAR also serves as a scaffold for protein binding in macromolecular complexes, including biomolecular condensates. It remains unclear how PAR achieves specific molecular recognition. Here, we use single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) to evaluate PAR flexibility under different cation conditions. We demonstrate that, compared to RNA and DNA, PAR has a longer persistence length and undergoes a sharper transition from extended to compact states in physiologically relevant concentrations of various cations (Na + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , and spermine). We show that the degree of PAR compaction depends on the concentration and valency of cations. Furthermore, the intrinsically disordered protein FUS also served as a macromolecular cation to compact PAR. Taken together, our study reveals the inherent stiffness of PAR molecules, which undergo switch-like compaction in response to cation binding. This study indicates that a cationic environment may drive recognition specificity of PAR. Significance Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is an RNA-like homopolymer that regulates DNA repair, RNA metabolism, and biomolecular condensate formation. Dysregulation of PAR results in cancer and neurodegeneration. Although discovered in 1963, fundamental properties of this therapeutically important polymer remain largely unknown. Biophysical and structural analyses of PAR have been exceptionally challenging due to the dynamic and repetitive nature. Here, we present the first single-molecule biophysical characterization of PAR. We show that PAR is stiffer than DNA and RNA per unit length. Unlike DNA and RNA which undergoes gradual compaction, PAR exhibits an abrupt switch-like bending as a function of salt concentration and by protein binding. Our findings points to unique physical properties of PAR that may drive recognition specificity for its function.
Collapse
|
5
|
Morgan RN, Saleh SE, Farrag HA, Aboshanab KM. Gamma radiation coupled ADP-ribosyl transferase activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PE24 moiety. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1765-1784. [PMID: 36808279 PMCID: PMC10006270 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12401-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The ADP-ribosyl transferase activity of P. aeruginosa PE24 moiety expressed by E. coli BL21 (DE3) was assessed on nitrobenzylidene aminoguanidine (NBAG) and in vitro cultured cancer cell lines. Gene encoding PE24 was isolated from P. aeruginosa isolates, cloned into pET22b( +) plasmid, and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) under IPTG induction. Genetic recombination was confirmed by colony PCR, the appearance of insert post digestion of engineered construct, and protein electrophoresis using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). The chemical compound NBAG has been used to confirm PE24 extract ADP-ribosyl transferase action through UV spectroscopy, FTIR, c13-NMR, and HPLC before and after low-dose gamma irradiation (5, 10, 15, 24 Gy). The cytotoxicity of PE24 extract alone and in combination with paclitaxel and low-dose gamma radiation (both 5 Gy and one shot 24 Gy) was assessed on adherent cell lines HEPG2, MCF-7, A375, OEC, and Kasumi-1 cell suspension. Expressed PE24 moiety ADP-ribosylated NBAG as revealed by structural changes depicted by FTIR and NMR, and the surge of new peaks at different retention times from NBAG in HPLC chromatograms. Irradiating recombinant PE24 moiety was associated with a reduction in ADP-ribosylating activity. The PE24 extract IC50 values were < 10 μg/ml with an acceptable R2 value on cancer cell lines and acceptable cell viability at 10 μg/ml on normal OEC. Overall, the synergistic effects were observed upon combining PE24 extract with low-dose paclitaxel demonstrated by the reduction in IC50 whereas antagonistic effects and a rise in IC50 values were recorded after irradiation by low-dose gamma rays. KEY POINTS: • Recombinant PE24 moiety was successfully expressed and biochemically analyzed. • Low-dose gamma radiation and metal ions decreased the recombinant PE24 cytotoxic activity. • Synergism was observed upon combining recombinant PE24 with low-dose paclitaxel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radwa N. Morgan
- National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Drug Radiation Research Department, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Ahmed El-Zomor Street, Nasr City, 11787 Cairo Egypt
| | - Sarra E. Saleh
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Abbassia, 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Hala A. Farrag
- National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Drug Radiation Research Department, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Ahmed El-Zomor Street, Nasr City, 11787 Cairo Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Aboshanab
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Abbassia, 11566 Cairo Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Poly(ADP-ribose) in Condensates: The PARtnership of Phase Separation and Site-Specific Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214075. [PMID: 36430551 PMCID: PMC9694962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates are nonmembrane cellular compartments whose formation in many cases involves phase separation (PS). Despite much research interest in this mechanism of macromolecular self-organization, the concept of PS as applied to a live cell faces certain challenges. In this review, we discuss a basic model of PS and the role of site-specific interactions and percolation in cellular PS-related events. Using a multivalent poly(ADP-ribose) molecule as an example, which has high PS-driving potential due to its structural features, we consider how site-specific interactions and network formation are involved in the formation of phase-separated cellular condensates.
Collapse
|
7
|
Alemasova EE, Lavrik OI. A sePARate phase? Poly(ADP-ribose) versus RNA in the organization of biomolecular condensates. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:10817-10838. [PMID: 36243979 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Condensates are biomolecular assemblies that concentrate biomolecules without the help of membranes. They are morphologically highly versatile and may emerge via distinct mechanisms. Nucleic acids-DNA, RNA and poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) play special roles in the process of condensate organization. These polymeric scaffolds provide multiple specific and nonspecific interactions during nucleation and 'development' of macromolecular assemblages. In this review, we focus on condensates formed with PAR. We discuss to what extent the literature supports the phase separation origin of these structures. Special attention is paid to similarities and differences between PAR and RNA in the process of dynamic restructuring of condensates during their functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta E Alemasova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Olga I Lavrik
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Inhibition of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase Accelerates Osteoblast Differentiation in Preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095041. [PMID: 35563432 PMCID: PMC9103302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is a post-translational modification catalyzed by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family proteins such as PARP1. Although PARylation regulates important biological phenomena such as DNA repair, chromatin regulation, and cell death, little is known about the relationship between osteoblast differentiation and the PARylation cycle involving PARP1 and the poly (ADP-ribose)-degrading enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Here, we examined the effects of PARP inhibitor olaparib, an approved anti-cancer agent, and PARG inhibitor PDD00017273 on osteoblast differentiation. Olaparib decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and suppressed mineralized nodule formation evaluated by Alizarin Red S staining in preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, while PDD00017273 promoted ALP activity and mineralization. Furthermore, PDD00017273 up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein, as osteoblast differentiation markers, and osterix as transcription inducers for osteoblast differentiation, whereas olaparib down-regulated the expression of these genes. These findings suggest that PARG inhibition by PDD00017273 accelerates osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Thus, PARG inhibitor administration could provide therapeutic benefits for metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ajili W, Tovani CB, Fouassier J, de Frutos M, Laurent GP, Bertani P, Djediat C, Marin F, Auzoux-Bordenave S, Azaïs T, Nassif N. Inorganic phosphate in growing calcium carbonate abalone shell suggests a shared mineral ancestral precursor. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1496. [PMID: 35314701 PMCID: PMC8938516 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of phosphate from different origins (inorganic, bioorganic) is found more and more in calcium carbonate-based biominerals. Phosphate is often described as being responsible for the stabilization of the transient amorphous calcium carbonate phase. In order to specify the composition of the mineral phase deposited at the onset of carbonated shell formation, the present study investigates, down to the nanoscale, the growing shell from the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata, using a combination of solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning transmission electron microscope and spatially-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy techniques. We show the co-occurrence of inorganic phosphate with calcium and carbonate throughout the early stages of abalone shell formation. One possible hypothesis is that this first-formed mixed mineral phase represents the vestige of a shared ancestral mineral precursor that appeared early during Evolution. In addition, our findings strengthen the idea that the final crystalline phase (calcium carbonate or phosphate) depends strongly on the nature of the mineral-associated proteins in vivo. Phosphate involvement in calcium carbonate biominerals raises questions on biomineralisation pathways. Here, the authors explore the presence of phosphate in the growing shell of the European abalone and suggest a shared mixed mineral ancestral precursor with final crystal phase being selected by mineral-associated proteins.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ahlawat S, Mote KR, Lakomek NA, Agarwal V. Solid-State NMR: Methods for Biological Solids. Chem Rev 2022; 122:9643-9737. [PMID: 35238547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy has transformed from a spectroscopic technique investigating small molecules and industrial polymers to a potent tool decrypting structure and underlying dynamics of complex biological systems, such as membrane proteins, fibrils, and assemblies, in near-physiological environments and temperatures. This transformation can be ascribed to improvements in hardware design, sample preparation, pulsed methods, isotope labeling strategies, resolution, and sensitivity. The fundamental engagement between nuclear spins and radio-frequency pulses in the presence of a strong static magnetic field is identical between solution and ssNMR, but the experimental procedures vastly differ because of the absence of molecular tumbling in solids. This review discusses routinely employed state-of-the-art static and MAS pulsed NMR methods relevant for biological samples with rotational correlation times exceeding 100's of nanoseconds. Recent developments in signal filtering approaches, proton methodologies, and multiple acquisition techniques to boost sensitivity and speed up data acquisition at fast MAS are also discussed. Several examples of protein structures (globular, membrane, fibrils, and assemblies) solved with ssNMR spectroscopy have been considered. We also discuss integrated approaches to structurally characterize challenging biological systems and some newly emanating subdisciplines in ssNMR spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Ahlawat
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Survey No. 36/P Gopanpally, Serilingampally, Ranga Reddy District, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Kaustubh R Mote
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Survey No. 36/P Gopanpally, Serilingampally, Ranga Reddy District, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Nils-Alexander Lakomek
- University of Düsseldorf, Institute for Physical Biology, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vipin Agarwal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Survey No. 36/P Gopanpally, Serilingampally, Ranga Reddy District, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Maheshwari U, Huang SF, Sridhar S, Keller A. The Interplay Between Brain Vascular Calcification and Microglia. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:848495. [PMID: 35309892 PMCID: PMC8924545 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.848495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcifications are characterized by the ectopic deposition of calcium and phosphate in the vascular lumen or wall. They are a common finding in computed tomography scans or during autopsy and are often directly related to a pathological condition. While the pathogenesis and functional consequences of vascular calcifications have been intensively studied in some peripheral organs, vascular calcification, and its pathogenesis in the central nervous system is poorly characterized and understood. Here, we review the occurrence of vessel calcifications in the brain in the context of aging and various brain diseases. We discuss the pathomechanism of brain vascular calcification in primary familial brain calcification as an example of brain vessel calcification. A particular focus is the response of microglia to the vessel calcification in the brain and their role in the clearance of calcifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Maheshwari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Zürich University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sheng-Fu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Zürich University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sucheta Sridhar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Zürich University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annika Keller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Zürich University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Annika Keller,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shen M, Jiao K, Wang C, Ehrlich H, Wan M, Hao D, Li J, Wan Q, Tonggu L, Yan J, Wang K, Ma Y, Chen J, Tay FR, Niu L. Extracellular DNA: A Missing Link in the Pathogenesis of Ectopic Mineralization. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103693. [PMID: 34939364 PMCID: PMC8844461 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Although deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic coding for the very essence of life, these macromolecules or components thereof are not necessarily lost after a cell dies. There appears to be a link between extracellular DNA and biomineralization. Here the authors demonstrate that extracellular DNA functions as an initiator of collagen intrafibrillar mineralization. This is confirmed with in vitro and in vivo biological mineralization models. Because of their polyanionic property, extracellular DNA molecules are capable of stabilizing supersaturated calcium phosphate solution and mineralizing 2D and 3D collagen matrices completely as early as 24 h. The effectiveness of extracellular DNA in biomineralization of collagen is attributed to the relatively stable formation of amorphous liquid droplets triggered by attraction of DNA to the collagen fibrils via hydrogen bonding. These findings suggest that extracellular DNA is biomimetically significant for fabricating inorganic-organic hybrid materials for tissue engineering. DNA-induced collagen intrafibrillar mineralization provides a clue to the pathogenesis of ectopic mineralization in different body tissues. The use of DNase for targeting extracellular DNA at destined tissue sites provides a potential solution for treatment of diseases associated with ectopic mineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min‐juan Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Kai Jiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Chen‐yu Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Hermann Ehrlich
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor MaterialsTU Bergakademie FreibergFreiberg09599Germany
- Center for Advanced TechnologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznan61‐614Poland
| | - Mei‐chen Wan
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Dong‐xiao Hao
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
- Department of Applied PhysicsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Qian‐qian Wan
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Lige Tonggu
- School of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - Jian‐fei Yan
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Kai‐yan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Yu‐xuan Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Ji‐hua Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- The Dental College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGA30912USA
| | - Li‐na Niu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wi S, Dwivedi N, Dubey R, Mentink-Vigier F, Sinha N. Dynamic nuclear polarization-enhanced, double-quantum filtered 13C- 13C dipolar correlation spectroscopy of natural 13C abundant bone-tissue biomaterial. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2022; 335:107144. [PMID: 35085899 PMCID: PMC8823282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a method for obtaining a dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced double-quantum filtered (DQF) two-dimensional (2D) dipolar 13C-13C correlation spectra of bone-tissue material at natural 13C abundance. DNP-enhanced DQF 2D dipolar 13C-13C spectra were obtained using a few different mixing times of the dipolar-assisted rotational resonance (DARR) scheme and these spectra were compared to a conventional 2D through-space double-quantum (DQ)-single-quantum (SQ) correlation spectrum. While this scheme can only be used for an assignment purpose to reveal the carbon-carbon connectivity within a residue, the DQF 13C-13C dipolar correlation scheme introduced here can be used to obtain longer distance carbon-carbon constraints. A DQF pulse block is placed before the DARR mixing scheme for removing dominant 13C single-quantum (SQ) signals because these SQ 13C signals are overwhelmingly large compared to those 13C-13C dipolar cross-peaks generated and therefore saturate the dynamic range of the NMR detection. This approach exhibits strong enough 2D cross-peaks in a dipolar 13C-13C correlation spectrum and potentially provides pairwise 13C-13C dipolar constraints because the dipolar truncation effect as well as multi-step signal propagations involving a spin cluster that contains more than two spins can be ignored probabilistically. To obtain fast signal averaging, AsymPolPOK was used to provide a short 1H DNP signal build-up time (1.3 s) and to expedite our MAS DNP NMR acquisitions while still maintaining a satisfactory DNP enhancement factor (ε = 50). Under long DARR mixing, a t1-noise-like artifact was observed at a site that possesses a large chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) and a few different strategies to address this problem were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sungsool Wi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA.
| | - Navneet Dwivedi
- Department of Advanced Spectroscopy and Imaging, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow 226014, India; Department of Physics, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Richa Dubey
- Department of Advanced Spectroscopy and Imaging, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Frederic Mentink-Vigier
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Department of Advanced Spectroscopy and Imaging, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liang L, Ji Y, Chen K, Gao P, Zhao Z, Hou G. Solid-State NMR Dipolar and Chemical Shift Anisotropy Recoupling Techniques for Structural and Dynamical Studies in Biological Systems. Chem Rev 2022; 122:9880-9942. [PMID: 35006680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the development of NMR methodology and technology during the past decades, solid-state NMR (ssNMR) has become a particularly important tool for investigating structure and dynamics at atomic scale in biological systems, where the recoupling techniques play pivotal roles in modern high-resolution MAS NMR. In this review, following a brief introduction on the basic theory of recoupling in ssNMR, we highlight the recent advances in dipolar and chemical shift anisotropy recoupling methods, as well as their applications in structural determination and dynamical characterization at multiple time scales (i.e., fast-, intermediate-, and slow-motion). The performances of these prevalent recoupling techniques are compared and discussed in multiple aspects, together with the representative applications in biomolecules. Given the recent emerging advances in NMR technology, new challenges for recoupling methodology development and potential opportunities for biological systems are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kuizhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Pan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhenchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangjin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian 116023, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Molecular conformations and dynamics in the extracellular matrix of mammalian structural tissues: Solid-state NMR spectroscopy approaches. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 12:100086. [PMID: 34746737 PMCID: PMC8551230 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2021.100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy probes molecular conformation and dynamics in intact ECM. Collagen conformational dynamics has roles in mechanical properties of fibrils and cell adhesion. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has shed new light on the chemical structure of bone mineral.
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has played an important role in multidisciplinary studies of the extracellular matrix. Here we review how solid-state NMR has been used to probe collagen molecular conformations, dynamics, post-translational modifications and non-enzymatic chemical changes, and in calcified tissues, the molecular structure of bone mineral and its interface with collagen. We conclude that NMR spectroscopy can deliver vital information that in combination with data from structural imaging techniques, can result in significant new insight into how the extracellular matrix plays its multiple roles.
Collapse
|
16
|
Nollet L, Van Gils M, Willaert A, Coucke PJ, Vanakker OM. Minocycline attenuates excessive DNA damage response and reduces ectopic calcification in pseudoxanthoma elasticum. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1629-1638.e6. [PMID: 34742705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a hereditary ectopic calcification disorder affecting the skin, eyes and blood vessels. Recently, the DNA damage response (DDR), in particular poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), was shown to be involved in aberrant mineralization raising the hypothesis that excessive DDR/PARP1 signaling also contributes to PXE pathogenesis. Using PXE patient and control fibroblasts, (lesional) skin tissue and abcc6a-/- zebrafish, we performed expression analysis of DDR/PARP1 targets with QRT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and enzyme activity assays; before and after treatment with the PARP1 inhibitor minocycline. PARP1 and the ATM-p21-p53 axis was found to be significantly increased in PXE. Additionally, PARP1 downstream targets IL-6, STAT1/3, TET1 and RUNX2 were upregulated while the RUNX2-antagonist microRNA-204 was decreased. In PXE fibroblasts, DDR/PARP1 signaling increased with advancing ectopic calcification. Minocycline treatment attenuated DDR/PARP1 overexpression and reduced aberrant mineralization in PXE fibroblasts and abcc6a-/- zebrafish. In summary, we demonstrated the involvement of excessive DDR/PARP1 signaling in PXE pathophysiology, identifying a STAT-driven cascade resulting in increased expression of the epigenetic modifier TET1 and pro-calcifying transcription factor RUNX2. Minocycline attenuated this deleterious molecular mechanism and reduced ectopic calcification both in vitro and in vivo, fueling the exciting prospect of a novel therapeutic compound for PXE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Nollet
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Ectopic Mineralization Research Group Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Gils
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Ectopic Mineralization Research Group Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andy Willaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul J Coucke
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier M Vanakker
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Ectopic Mineralization Research Group Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Silvent J, Robin M, Bussola Tovani C, Wang Y, Soncin F, Delgado S, Azaïs T, Sassoye C, Giraud-Guille MM, Sire JY, Nassif N. Collagen Suprafibrillar Confinement Drives the Activity of Acidic Calcium-Binding Polymers on Apatite Mineralization. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2802-2814. [PMID: 34101426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bone collagenous extracellular matrix provides a confined environment into which apatite crystals form. This biomineralization process is related to a cascade of events partly controlled by noncollagenous proteins. Although overlooked in bone models, concentration and physical environment influence their activities. Here, we show that collagen suprafibrillar confinement in bone comprising intra- and interfibrillar spaces drives the activity of biomimetic acidic calcium-binding polymers on apatite mineralization. The difference in mineralization between an entrapping dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP1) recombinant peptide (rpDMP1) and the synthetic polyaspartate validates the specificity of the 57-KD fragment of DMP1 in the regulation of mineralization, but strikingly without phosphorylation. We show that all the identified functions of rpDMP1 are dedicated to preclude pathological mineralization. Interestingly, transient apatite phases are only found using a high nonphysiological concentration of additives. The possibility to combine biomimetic concentration of both collagen and additives ensures specific chemical interactions and offers perspectives for understanding the role of bone components in mineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Silvent
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France.,MNHN, CNRS, EPHE, Institut Systématique Évolution Biodiversité, ISYEB, Equipe Homologies, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marc Robin
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Camila Bussola Tovani
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Yan Wang
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Soncin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - M3T - Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sidney Delgado
- MNHN, CNRS, EPHE, Institut Systématique Évolution Biodiversité, ISYEB, Equipe Homologies, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Azaïs
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Capucine Sassoye
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Madeleine Giraud-Guille
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Sire
- MNHN, CNRS, EPHE, Institut Systématique Évolution Biodiversité, ISYEB, Equipe Homologies, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nadine Nassif
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cobb AM, Yusoff S, Hayward R, Ahmad S, Sun M, Verhulst A, D'Haese PC, Shanahan CM. Runx2 (Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2) Links the DNA Damage Response to Osteogenic Reprogramming and Apoptosis of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1339-1357. [PMID: 33356386 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Cells, Cultured
- Cellular Reprogramming
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/genetics
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/metabolism
- DNA Damage
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Osteogenesis
- Phosphorylation
- Rats, Wistar
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular Calcification/genetics
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
- Mice
- Rats
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Cobb
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, The James Black Centre, United Kingdom (A.M.C., S.Y., R.H., S.A., M.S., C.M.S.)
| | - Syabira Yusoff
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, The James Black Centre, United Kingdom (A.M.C., S.Y., R.H., S.A., M.S., C.M.S.)
| | - Robert Hayward
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, The James Black Centre, United Kingdom (A.M.C., S.Y., R.H., S.A., M.S., C.M.S.)
| | - Sadia Ahmad
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, The James Black Centre, United Kingdom (A.M.C., S.Y., R.H., S.A., M.S., C.M.S.)
| | - Mengxi Sun
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, The James Black Centre, United Kingdom (A.M.C., S.Y., R.H., S.A., M.S., C.M.S.)
| | - Anja Verhulst
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium (A.V., P.C.D.)
| | - Patrick C D'Haese
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium (A.V., P.C.D.)
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, The James Black Centre, United Kingdom (A.M.C., S.Y., R.H., S.A., M.S., C.M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Reif B, Ashbrook SE, Emsley L, Hong M. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2021; 1:2. [PMID: 34368784 PMCID: PMC8341432 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-020-00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an atomic-level method used to determine the chemical structure, three-dimensional structure, and dynamics of solids and semi-solids. This Primer summarizes the basic principles of NMR as applied to the wide range of solid systems. The fundamental nuclear spin interactions and the effects of magnetic fields and radiofrequency pulses on nuclear spins are the same as in liquid-state NMR. However, because of the anisotropy of the interactions in the solid state, the majority of high-resolution solid-state NMR spectra is measured under magic-angle spinning (MAS), which has profound effects on the types of radiofrequency pulse sequences required to extract structural and dynamical information. We describe the most common MAS NMR experiments and data analysis approaches for investigating biological macromolecules, organic materials, and inorganic solids. Continuing development of sensitivity-enhancement approaches, including 1H-detected fast MAS experiments, dynamic nuclear polarization, and experiments tailored to ultrahigh magnetic fields, is described. We highlight recent applications of solid-state NMR to biological and materials chemistry. The Primer ends with a discussion of current limitations of NMR to study solids, and points to future avenues of development to further enhance the capabilities of this sophisticated spectroscopy for new applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Reif
- Technische Universität München, Department Chemie, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Sharon E. Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des sciences et ingénierie chimiques, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mei Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 170 Albany Street, Cambridge, MA 02139
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Damman R, Lucini Paioni A, Xenaki KT, Beltrán Hernández I, van Bergen En Henegouwen PMP, Baldus M. Development of in vitro-grown spheroids as a 3D tumor model system for solid-state NMR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2020; 74:401-412. [PMID: 32562030 PMCID: PMC7508937 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-020-00328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of in-cell NMR spectroscopy have made it possible to study proteins in the context of bacterial or mammalian cell extracts or even entire cells. As most mammalian cells are part of a multi-cellular complex, there is a need to develop novel NMR approaches enabling the study of proteins within the complexity of a 3D cellular environment. Here we investigate the use of the hanging drop method to grow spheroids which are homogenous in size and shape as a model system to study solid tumors using solid-state NMR (ssNMR) spectroscopy. We find that these spheroids are stable under magic-angle-spinning conditions and show a clear change in metabolic profile as compared to single cell preparations. Finally, we utilize dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-supported ssNMR measurements to show that low concentrations of labelled nanobodies targeting EGFR (7D12) can be detected inside the spheroids. These findings suggest that solid-state NMR can be used to directly examine proteins or other biomolecules in a 3D cellular microenvironment with potential applications in pharmacological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinier Damman
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Lucini Paioni
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Katerina T Xenaki
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Irati Beltrán Hernández
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul M P van Bergen En Henegouwen
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marc Baldus
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Müller KH, Hayward R, Rajan R, Whitehead M, Cobb AM, Ahmad S, Sun M, Goldberga I, Li R, Bashtanova U, Puszkarska AM, Reid DG, Brooks RA, Skepper JN, Bordoloi J, Chow WY, Oschkinat H, Groombridge A, Scherman OA, Harrison JA, Verhulst A, D'Haese PC, Neven E, Needham LM, Lee SF, Shanahan CM, Duer MJ. Poly(ADP-Ribose) Links the DNA Damage Response and Biomineralization. Cell Rep 2020; 27:3124-3138.e13. [PMID: 31189100 PMCID: PMC6581741 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization of the extracellular matrix is an essential, regulated process. Inappropriate mineralization of bone and the vasculature has devastating effects on patient health, yet an integrated understanding of the chemical and cell biological processes that lead to mineral nucleation remains elusive. Here, we report that biomineralization of bone and the vasculature is associated with extracellular poly(ADP-ribose) synthesized by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases in response to oxidative and/or DNA damage. We use ultrastructural methods to show poly(ADP-ribose) can form both calcified spherical particles, reminiscent of those found in vascular calcification, and biomimetically calcified collagen fibrils similar to bone. Importantly, inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) biosynthesis in vitro and in vivo inhibits biomineralization, suggesting a therapeutic route for the treatment of vascular calcifications. We conclude that poly(ADP-ribose) plays a central chemical role in both pathological and physiological extracellular matrix calcification. Poly(ADP-ribose) is found close to ECM calcification in developing bone and arteries Poly(ADP-ribose) is produced in response to oxidative stress and delivered to the ECM Poly(ADP-ribose) forms dense liquid droplets with calcium ions Inhibiting PARP enzyme activity blocks calcification in vitro and in vivo
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin H Müller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Robert Hayward
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Rakesh Rajan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Meredith Whitehead
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Andrew M Cobb
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Sadia Ahmad
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Mengxi Sun
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ieva Goldberga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Uliana Bashtanova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Anna M Puszkarska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David G Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Roger A Brooks
- Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cambridge, Box 180, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Jeremy N Skepper
- Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Department of Physiology, Development and Neurobiology, Downing Site, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Jayanta Bordoloi
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Wing Ying Chow
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Str 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Oschkinat
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Str 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alex Groombridge
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - James A Harrison
- Cycle Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Bailey Grundy Barrett Building, Little St. Mary's Lane, Cambridge CB2 1RR, UK
| | - Anja Verhulst
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Patrick C D'Haese
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ellen Neven
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lisa-Maria Needham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Steven F Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, James Black Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK.
| | - Melinda J Duer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gervais C, Bonhomme C, Laurencin D. Recent directions in the solid-state NMR study of synthetic and natural calcium phosphates. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2020; 107:101663. [PMID: 32325374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2020.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Materials containing a calcium phosphate component have been the subject of much interest to NMR spectroscopists, especially in view of understanding the structure and properties of mineralized tissues like bone and teeth, and of developing synthetic biomaterials for bone regeneration. Here, we present a selection of recent developments in their structural characterization using advanced solid state NMR experiments, highlighting the level of insight which can now be accessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christel Gervais
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), UMR 7574, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Christian Bonhomme
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), UMR 7574, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tiwari N, Rai R, Sinha N. Water-lipid interactions in native bone by high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2020; 107:101666. [PMID: 32371298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2020.101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study of structural and dynamical properties of lipid and its associated interaction with different components of bone is essential to understand its role at a different level of bone homeostasis such as bone mineralization and bone metabolism. In this article, we present water-dependent dynamical changes observed in lipids (triglycerides) in its absolute native environment inside bone by high-resolution 1H solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ssNMR). Relaxation measurement (T2 measurement) ssNMR experiments were performed at different levels of water network induced by dehydration and H/D exchange in native bone. Our measurements reflect the changes in the local environment and dynamical properties of triglyceride due to different hydration levels. The present study explains the role of water in stabilizing the structural properties of triglycerides in bone hence will help understand its pathological role associated with bone physiology and bone disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Tiwari
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow, 226014, India; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - RamaNand Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow, 226014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Duer M, Cobb AM, Shanahan CM. DNA Damage Response: A Molecular Lynchpin in the Pathobiology of Arteriosclerotic Calcification. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:e193-e202. [PMID: 32404005 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.313792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a ubiquitous pathology of aging. Oxidative stress, persistent DNA damage, and senescence are major pathways driving both cellular and tissue aging, and emerging evidence suggests that these pathways are activated, and even accelerated, in patients with vascular calcification. The DNA damage response-a complex signaling platform that maintains genomic integrity-is induced by oxidative stress and is intimately involved in regulating cell death and osteogenic differentiation in both bone and the vasculature. Unexpectedly, a posttranslational modification, PAR (poly[ADP-ribose]), which is a byproduct of the DNA damage response, initiates biomineralization by acting to concentrate calcium into spheroidal structures that can nucleate apatitic mineral on the ECM (extracellular matrix). As we start to dissect the molecular mechanisms driving aging-associated vascular calcification, novel treatment strategies to promote healthy aging and delay pathological change are being unmasked. Drugs targeting the DNA damage response and senolytics may provide new avenues to tackle this detrimental and intractable pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Duer
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.D.)
| | - Andrew M Cobb
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom (A.M.C., C.M.S.)
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom (A.M.C., C.M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Self‐Assembly of DNA and RNA Building Blocks Explored by Nitrogen‐14 NMR Crystallography: Structure and Dynamics. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:1044-1051. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201901214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
26
|
Jekhmane S, Prachar M, Pugliese R, Fontana F, Medeiros‐Silva J, Gelain F, Weingarth M. Design Parameters of Tissue‐Engineering Scaffolds at the Atomic Scale. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shehrazade Jekhmane
- NMR SpectroscopyBijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUtrecht University Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marek Prachar
- NMR SpectroscopyBijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUtrecht University Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Raffaele Pugliese
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaUnita' di Ingegneria Tissutale Viale Cappuccini 1 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaUnita' di Ingegneria Tissutale Viale Cappuccini 1 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
- ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano NiguardaCenter for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering Piazza dell'Ospedale Maggiore 3 20162 Milan Italy
| | - João Medeiros‐Silva
- NMR SpectroscopyBijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUtrecht University Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Fabrizio Gelain
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaUnita' di Ingegneria Tissutale Viale Cappuccini 1 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
- ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano NiguardaCenter for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering Piazza dell'Ospedale Maggiore 3 20162 Milan Italy
| | - Markus Weingarth
- NMR SpectroscopyBijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUtrecht University Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jekhmane S, Prachar M, Pugliese R, Fontana F, Medeiros-Silva J, Gelain F, Weingarth M. Design Parameters of Tissue-Engineering Scaffolds at the Atomic Scale. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16943-16951. [PMID: 31573131 PMCID: PMC6899630 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Stem-cell behavior is regulated by the material properties of the surrounding extracellular matrix, which has important implications for the design of tissue-engineering scaffolds. However, our understanding of the material properties of stem-cell scaffolds is limited to nanoscopic-to-macroscopic length scales. Herein, a solid-state NMR approach is presented that provides atomic-scale information on complex stem-cell substrates at near physiological conditions and at natural isotope abundance. Using self-assembled peptidic scaffolds designed for nervous-tissue regeneration, we show at atomic scale how scaffold-assembly degree, mechanics, and homogeneity correlate with favorable stem cell behavior. Integration of solid-state NMR data with molecular dynamics simulations reveals a highly ordered fibrillar structure as the most favorable stem-cell scaffold. This could improve the design of tissue-engineering scaffolds and other self-assembled biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shehrazade Jekhmane
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marek Prachar
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raffaele Pugliese
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Unita' di Ingegneria Tissutale, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Unita' di Ingegneria Tissutale, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.,ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering, Piazza dell'Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162, Milan, Italy
| | - João Medeiros-Silva
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fabrizio Gelain
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Unita' di Ingegneria Tissutale, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.,ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering, Piazza dell'Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162, Milan, Italy
| | - Markus Weingarth
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang C, Mbalaviele G. Role of APD-Ribosylation in Bone Health and Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101201. [PMID: 31590342 PMCID: PMC6829334 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transfer of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose unit(s) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to acceptor proteins is known as ADP-ribosylation. This post-translational modification (PTM) unavoidably alters protein functions and signaling networks, thereby impacting cell behaviors and tissue outcomes. As a ubiquitous mechanism, ADP-ribosylation affects multiple tissues, including bones, as abnormal ADP-ribosylation compromises bone development and remodeling. In this review, we describe the effects of ADP-ribosylation in bone development and maintenance, and highlight the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ssNMR) is an emerging technique in structural methods of studying collagen proteins, capable of identifying features on an atomic length scale in tissues and protein samples without extensive extraction or purification. Hydroxylation is a key posttranslational modification of collagen that gives rise to distinctive signals in the ssNMR spectrum of collagen proteins. Here we outline the type of information that ssNMR can provide and describe the procedures involved in a ssNMR structural study, with particular focus on using dynamic nuclear polarization to enhance sensitivity for detecting hydroxylysine residues by ssNMR.
Collapse
|
30
|
Von Euw S, Wang Y, Laurent G, Drouet C, Babonneau F, Nassif N, Azaïs T. Bone mineral: new insights into its chemical composition. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8456. [PMID: 31186433 PMCID: PMC6560110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Some compositional and structural features of mature bone mineral particles remain unclear. They have been described as calcium-deficient and hydroxyl-deficient carbonated hydroxyapatite particles in which a fraction of the PO43- lattice sites are occupied by HPO42- ions. The time has come to revise this description since it has now been proven that the surface of mature bone mineral particles is not in the form of hydroxyapatite but rather in the form of hydrated amorphous calcium phosphate. Using a combination of dedicated solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, the hydrogen-bearing species present in bone mineral and especially the HPO42- ions were closely scrutinized. We show that these HPO42- ions are concentrated at the surface of bone mineral particles in the so-called amorphous surface layer whose thickness was estimated here to be about 0.8 nm for a 4-nm thick particle. We also show that their molar proportion is much higher than previously estimated since they stand for about half of the overall amount of inorganic phosphate ions that compose bone mineral. As such, the mineral-mineral and mineral-biomolecule interfaces in bone tissue must be driven by metastable hydrated amorphous environments rich in HPO42- ions rather than by stable crystalline environments of hydroxyapatite structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislas Von Euw
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4, place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.,Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Yan Wang
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4, place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Laurent
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4, place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Drouet
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP-Ensiacet, 4 allée Emile Monso, F-31030, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Babonneau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4, place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Nadine Nassif
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4, place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Azaïs
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4, place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
de Wildt BW, Ansari S, Sommerdijk NA, Ito K, Akiva A, Hofmann S. From bone regeneration to three-dimensional in vitro models: tissue engineering of organized bone extracellular matrix. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
32
|
Shuhendler AJ, Cui L, Chen Z, Shen B, Chen M, James ML, Witney TH, Bazalova-Carter M, Gambhir SS, Chin FT, Graves EE, Rao J. [ 18F]-SuPAR: A Radiofluorinated Probe for Noninvasive Imaging of DNA Damage-Dependent Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Activity. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1331-1342. [PMID: 30973715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes generate poly(ADP ribose) post-translational modifications on target proteins for an array of functions centering on DNA and cell stress. PARP isoforms 1 and 2 are critically charged with the surveillance of DNA integrity and are the first line guardians of the genome against DNA breaks. Here we present a novel probe ([18F]-SuPAR) for noninvasive imaging of PARP-1/2 activity using positron emission tomography (PET). [18F]-SuPAR is a radiofluorinated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) analog that can be recognized by PARP-1/2 and incorporated into the long branched polymers of poly(ADP ribose) (PAR). The measurement of PARP-1/2 activity was supported by a reduction of radiotracer uptake in vivo following PARP-1/2 inhibition with talazoparib treatment, a potent PARP inhibitor recently approved by FDA for treatment of breast cancer, as well as ex vivo colocalization of radiotracer analog and poly(ADP ribose). With [18F]-SuPAR, we were able to map the dose- and time-dependent activation of PARP-1/2 following radiation therapy in breast and cervical cancer xenograft mouse models. Tumor response to therapy was determined by [18F]-SuPAR PET within 8 h of administration of a single dose of radiation equivalent to one round of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy.
Collapse
|
33
|
Tankyrase (PARP5) Inhibition Induces Bone Loss through Accumulation of Its Substrate SH3BP2. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020195. [PMID: 30813388 PMCID: PMC6406327 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is considerable interest in tankyrase because of its potential use in cancer therapy. Tankyrase catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of a variety of target proteins and regulates various cellular processes. The anti-cancer effects of tankyrase inhibitors are mainly due to their suppression of Wnt signaling and inhibition of telomerase activity, which are mediated by AXIN and TRF1 stabilization, respectively. In this review, we describe the underappreciated effects of another substrate, SH3 domain-binding protein 2 (SH3BP2). Specifically, SH3BP2 is an adaptor protein that regulates intracellular signaling pathways. Additionally, in the human genetic disorder cherubism, the gain-of-function mutations in SH3BP2 enhance osteoclastogenesis. The pharmacological inhibition of tankyrase in mice induces bone loss through the accumulation of SH3BP2 and the subsequent increase in osteoclast formation. These findings reveal the novel functions of tankyrase influencing bone homeostasis, and imply that tankyrase inhibitor treatments in a clinical setting may be associated with adverse effects on bone mass.
Collapse
|
34
|
Goldberga I, Li R, Chow WY, Reid DG, Bashtanova U, Rajan R, Puszkarska A, Oschkinat H, Duer MJ. Detection of nucleic acids and other low abundance components in native bone and osteosarcoma extracellular matrix by isotope enrichment and DNP-enhanced NMR. RSC Adv 2019; 9:26686-26690. [PMID: 35528564 PMCID: PMC9070537 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03198g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitivity enhancement by isotope enrichment and DNP NMR enables detection of minor but biologically relevant species in native intact bone, including nucleic acids, choline from phospholipid headgroups, and histidinyl and hydroxylysyl groups. Labelled matrix from the aggressive osteosarcoma K7M2 cell line confirms the assignments of nucleic acid signals arising from purine, pyrimidine, ribose, and deoxyribose species. Detection of these species is an important and necessary step in elucidating the atomic level structural basis of their functions in intact tissue. Towards elucidating their biological roles in intact tissue, DNP NMR reveals nucleic acids, and other important low abundance biomolecules in a complex biomaterial, bone, and in cancer extracellular matrix.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Goldberga
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Wing Ying Chow
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)
- Berlin 13125
- Germany
| | - David G. Reid
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | | | - Rakesh Rajan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Anna Puszkarska
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Hartmut Oschkinat
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)
- Berlin 13125
- Germany
| | - Melinda J. Duer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chow WY, Li R, Goldberga I, Reid DG, Rajan R, Clark J, Oschkinat H, Duer MJ, Hayward R, Shanahan CM. Essential but sparse collagen hydroxylysyl post-translational modifications detected by DNP NMR. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12570-12573. [PMID: 30299444 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04960b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The sparse but functionally essential post-translational collagen modification 5-hydroxylysine can undergo further transformations, including crosslinking, O-glycosylation, and glycation. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and stable isotope enriched lysine incorporation provide sufficient solid-state NMR sensitivity to identify these adducts directly in skin and vascular smooth muscle cell extracellular matrix (ECM), without extraction procedures, by comparison with chemical shifts of model compounds. Thus, DNP provides access to the elucidation of structural consequences of collagen modifications in intact tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wing Ying Chow
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Campus Buch, Robert-Roessle Str. 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Ieva Goldberga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - David G Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Rakesh Rajan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Jonathan Clark
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Hartmut Oschkinat
- Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Campus Buch, Robert-Roessle Str. 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.
| | - Melinda J Duer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Robert Hayward
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Chow WY, Forman CJ, Bihan D, Puszkarska AM, Rajan R, Reid DG, Slatter DA, Colwell LJ, Wales DJ, Farndale RW, Duer MJ. Proline provides site-specific flexibility for in vivo collagen. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13809. [PMID: 30218106 PMCID: PMC6138679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrillar collagens have mechanical and biological roles, providing tissues with both tensile strength and cell binding sites which allow molecular interactions with cell-surface receptors such as integrins. A key question is: how do collagens allow tissue flexibility whilst maintaining well-defined ligand binding sites? Here we show that proline residues in collagen glycine-proline-hydroxyproline (Gly-Pro-Hyp) triplets provide local conformational flexibility, which in turn confers well-defined, low energy molecular compression-extension and bending, by employing two-dimensional 13C-13C correlation NMR spectroscopy on 13C-labelled intact ex vivo bone and in vitro osteoblast extracellular matrix. We also find that the positions of Gly-Pro-Hyp triplets are highly conserved between animal species, and are spatially clustered in the currently-accepted model of molecular ordering in collagen type I fibrils. We propose that the Gly-Pro-Hyp triplets in fibrillar collagens provide fibril "expansion joints" to maintain molecular ordering within the fibril, thereby preserving the structural integrity of ligand binding sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wing Ying Chow
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK ,0000 0001 0610 524Xgrid.418832.4Present Address: Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chris J. Forman
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK ,0000 0001 2299 3507grid.16753.36Present Address: Northwestern University, 633 Clark St, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
| | - Dominique Bihan
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 1QW UK ,0000 0004 1936 7697grid.22072.35Present Address: University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Anna M. Puszkarska
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
| | - Rakesh Rajan
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
| | - David G. Reid
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
| | - David A. Slatter
- 0000 0001 0807 5670grid.5600.3Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN UK
| | - Lucy J. Colwell
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
| | - David J. Wales
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
| | - Richard W. Farndale
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 1QW UK
| | - Melinda J. Duer
- 0000000121885934grid.5335.0Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chow WY, Forman CJ, Bihan D, Puszkarska AM, Rajan R, Reid DG, Slatter DA, Colwell LJ, Wales DJ, Farndale RW, Duer MJ. Proline provides site-specific flexibility for in vivo collagen. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 30218106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598‐018‐31937‐x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrillar collagens have mechanical and biological roles, providing tissues with both tensile strength and cell binding sites which allow molecular interactions with cell-surface receptors such as integrins. A key question is: how do collagens allow tissue flexibility whilst maintaining well-defined ligand binding sites? Here we show that proline residues in collagen glycine-proline-hydroxyproline (Gly-Pro-Hyp) triplets provide local conformational flexibility, which in turn confers well-defined, low energy molecular compression-extension and bending, by employing two-dimensional 13C-13C correlation NMR spectroscopy on 13C-labelled intact ex vivo bone and in vitro osteoblast extracellular matrix. We also find that the positions of Gly-Pro-Hyp triplets are highly conserved between animal species, and are spatially clustered in the currently-accepted model of molecular ordering in collagen type I fibrils. We propose that the Gly-Pro-Hyp triplets in fibrillar collagens provide fibril "expansion joints" to maintain molecular ordering within the fibril, thereby preserving the structural integrity of ligand binding sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wing Ying Chow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.,Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chris J Forman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.,Northwestern University, 633 Clark St, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Dominique Bihan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK.,University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Anna M Puszkarska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Rakesh Rajan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David G Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David A Slatter
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Lucy J Colwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David J Wales
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Richard W Farndale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Melinda J Duer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Varghese S, Halling PJ, Häussinger D, Wimperis S. Two-dimensional 1H and 1H-detected NMR study of a heterogeneous biocatalyst using fast MAS at high magnetic fields. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2018; 92:7-11. [PMID: 29587153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful tool for investigating atomic-scale structure in heterogeneous or composite materials where long-range order is absent. In this work solid-state 1H and 1H-detected NMR experiments were performed with fast magic angle spinning (νR = 75 kHz) and at high magnetic fields (B0 = 20 T) and used to gain structural insight into a heterogeneous biocatalyst consisting of an enzyme, human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II), covalently immobilized on epoxy-functionalized silica. Two-dimensional 1H-1H NOESY-type correlation experiments were able to provide information on 1H environments in silica, epoxy-silica and the immobilized enzyme. Two distinct signals originating from water protons were observed: water associated with the surface of the silica and the water associated with the immobilized enzyme. Additional two-dimensional 1H-1H double-single quantum (DQ-SQ) correlation experiments suggested that the immobilized enzyme is not in close contact with the silica surface. Most significantly, comparison of two-dimensional 1H-15N spectra of the immobilized enzyme and the solution-state enzyme confirmed that the structural integrity of the protein is well preserved upon covalent immobilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabu Varghese
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Peter J Halling
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Wimperis
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Goldberga I, Li R, Duer MJ. Collagen Structure-Function Relationships from Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:1621-1629. [PMID: 29931970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix of a tissue is as important to life as the cells within it. Its detailed molecular structure defines the environment of a tissue's cells and thus their properties, including differentiation and metabolic status. Collagen proteins are the major component of extracellular matrices. Self-assembled collagen fibrils provide both specific mechanical properties to handle external stresses on tissues and, at the molecular level, well-defined protein binding sites to interact with cells. How the cell-matrix interactions are maintained against the stresses on the tissue is an important and as yet unanswered question. Similarly, how collagen molecular and fibrillar structures change in aging and disease is a crucial open question. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy offers insight into collagen molecular conformation in intact in vivo and in vitro tissues, and in this Account we review how NMR spectroscopy is beginning to provide answers to these questions. In vivo 13C,15N labeling of the extracellular matrix has given insight into collagen molecular dynamics and generated multidimensional NMR "fingerprints" of collagen molecular structure that allow comparison of local collagen conformation between tissues. NMR studies have shown that charged collagen residues (Lys, Arg) adopt extended-side-chain conformations in the fibrillar structure to facilitate charge-charge interactions between neighboring collagen molecules, while hydrophobic residues (Leu, Ile) fold along the collagen molecular axis to minimize the hydrophobic area exposed to surrounding water. Detailed NMR and molecular modeling work has shown that the abundant Gly-Pro-Hyp (Hyp = hydroxyproline) triplets in collagen triple helices confer well-defined flexibility because the proline is conformationally metastable, in contrast to the expectation that these triplets confer structural rigidity. The alignment of the Gly-Pro-Hyp triplets within the fibril structure means that the Gly-Pro-Hyp molecular flexibility generates fibril flexibility. The fibrillar bands of Gly-Pro-Hyp are highly correlated with collagen ligand binding sites, leading to the hypothesis that the fibril alignment of Gly-Pro-Hyp triplets is essential to protect collagen-ligand binding against external stresses on the tissue. Non-enzymatic chemistry between collagen side-chain amine groups (Lys, Arg) and reducing sugars-glycation-is an important source of matrix structural change in aging and disease. Glycation leads to stiffening of collagen fibrils, which is widely speculated to be the result of intermolecular cross-linking. The chemistry of non-enzymatic glycation has been extensively detailed through NMR studies and has been shown to lead to side-chain modifications as the majority reaction products, rather than intermolecular cross-links, with resultant molecular misalignment in the fibrils. Thus, a picture is beginning to emerge in which collagen glycation causes stiffening through misalignment of collagen molecular flexible regions rather than intermolecular cross-linking, meaning that new thinking is needed on how to alleviate collagen structural changes in aging and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Goldberga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Melinda J. Duer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang X, Lopez A, Liu J. Adsorption of Phosphate and Polyphosphate on Nanoceria Probed by DNA Oligonucleotides. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:7899-7905. [PMID: 29886738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate-containing molecules exist in many forms in biology and the environment, and their interaction with metal oxides is an important aspect of their chemistry and biochemistry. In this work, phosphates with different degrees of polymerization (e.g., orthophosphate, pyrophosphate (PPi), sodium triphosphate (STPP), sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), and polyphosphate with 25 phosphate units) and phosphates with one or two capping groups were studied. CeO2 nanoparticles (nanoceria) were used as a model metal oxide. DNA is also a polyphosphate, and a fluorescently labeled DNA oligonucleotide was mixed with nanoceria. These phosphate species were individually added to displace the adsorbed DNA. Longer phosphate chains were more efficient when each molecule was used at the same molar concentration, whereas PPi and STPP were most efficient at the same total phosphorus atom concentration. By capping the phosphate with organic groups, the affinity was significantly decreased. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was also performed to quantitatively measure thermodynamic parameters. Although STMP was very slow at displacing DNA, it was still adsorbed very strongly by nanoceria from ITC, indicating kinetic effects likely due to its ring structure. This observation allowed us to use the DNA as a probe to study the hydrolysis of STMP to form STPP. In summary, this study provides a systematic understanding of phosphate species interacting with metal oxides, and interestingly, it demonstrates an analytical application as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109 , China
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Anand Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Matlahov I, van der Wel PCA. Hidden motions and motion-induced invisibility: Dynamics-based spectral editing in solid-state NMR. Methods 2018; 148:123-135. [PMID: 29702226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy enables the structural characterization of a diverse array of biological assemblies that include amyloid fibrils, non-amyloid aggregates, membrane-associated proteins and viral capsids. Such biological samples feature functionally relevant molecular dynamics, which often affect different parts of the sample in different ways. Solid-state NMR experiments' sensitivity to dynamics represents a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it offers a chance to measure dynamics in great detail. On the other hand, certain types of motion lead to signal loss and experimental inefficiencies that at first glance interfere with the application of ssNMR to overly dynamic proteins. Dynamics-based spectral editing (DYSE) ssNMR methods leverage motion-dependent signal losses to simplify spectra and enable the study of sub-structures with particular motional properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Matlahov
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Patrick C A van der Wel
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Exciting new technological developments have pushed the boundaries of structural biology, and have enabled studies of biological macromolecules and assemblies that would have been unthinkable not long ago. Yet, the enhanced capabilities of structural biologists to pry into the complex molecular world have also placed new demands on the abilities of protein engineers to reproduce this complexity into the test tube. With this challenge in mind, we review the contents of the modern molecular engineering toolbox that allow the manipulation of proteins in a site-specific and chemically well-defined fashion. Thus, we cover concepts related to the modification of cysteines and other natural amino acids, native chemical ligation, intein and sortase-based approaches, amber suppression, as well as chemical and enzymatic bio-conjugation strategies. We also describe how these tools can be used to aid methodology development in X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance, cryo-electron microscopy and in the studies of dynamic interactions. It is our hope that this monograph will inspire structural biologists and protein engineers alike to apply these tools to novel systems, and to enhance and broaden their scope to meet the outstanding challenges in understanding the molecular basis of cellular processes and disease.
Collapse
|
44
|
Chang HH, Chien MJ, Kao CC, Chao YJ, Yu PT, Chang CY, Huang SJ, Lee YL, Chan JCC. Structural characterization of fluoride species in shark teeth. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:3838-3841. [PMID: 28306752 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc10114c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In shark teeth we have identified the species fluorapatite, hydroxyfluorapatite and its defect site, calcium fluoride, and potassium fluoride. Their relative amounts in teeth at different development stages have been quantified. Calcium fluoride and potassium fluoride may be associated with the fluoridation mechanism in shark teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Hui Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Jou Chien
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Chieh Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry and School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and Hospital, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jo Chao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Pao-Tao Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Shing-Jong Huang
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ling Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry and School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University and Hospital, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan.
| | - Jerry C C Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li R, Rajan R, Wong WCV, Reid DG, Duer MJ, Somovilla VJ, Martinez-Saez N, Bernardes GJL, Hayward R, Shanahan CM. In situ characterization of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in collagen and model extracellular matrix by solid state NMR. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:13316-13319. [PMID: 29192920 PMCID: PMC5774432 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06624d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glycation of extracellular matrix with (U-13C5)-d-ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), enables in situ 2D ssNMR identification of many deleterious protein modifications and crosslinks, including previously unreported oxalamido and hemiaminal (CH3-CH(OH)NHR) substructures. Changes in charged residue proportions and distribution may be as important as crosslinking in provoking and understanding harmful tissue changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK . ; Fax: +44(0)1223-336362 ; Tel: +44(0)1223-736394
| | - R. Rajan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK . ; Fax: +44(0)1223-336362 ; Tel: +44(0)1223-736394
| | - W. C. V. Wong
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK . ; Fax: +44(0)1223-336362 ; Tel: +44(0)1223-736394
| | - D. G. Reid
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK . ; Fax: +44(0)1223-336362 ; Tel: +44(0)1223-736394
| | - M. J. Duer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK . ; Fax: +44(0)1223-336362 ; Tel: +44(0)1223-736394
| | - V. J. Somovilla
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK . ; Fax: +44(0)1223-336362 ; Tel: +44(0)1223-736394
| | - N. Martinez-Saez
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK . ; Fax: +44(0)1223-336362 ; Tel: +44(0)1223-736394
| | - G. J. L. Bernardes
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK . ; Fax: +44(0)1223-336362 ; Tel: +44(0)1223-736394
| | - R. Hayward
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence , Cardiovascular Division , King's College London , London SE5 9NU , UK
| | - C. M. Shanahan
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence , Cardiovascular Division , King's College London , London SE5 9NU , UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lüscher B, Bütepage M, Eckei L, Krieg S, Verheugd P, Shilton BH. ADP-Ribosylation, a Multifaceted Posttranslational Modification Involved in the Control of Cell Physiology in Health and Disease. Chem Rev 2017; 118:1092-1136. [PMID: 29172462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) regulate protein functions and interactions. ADP-ribosylation is a PTM, in which ADP-ribosyltransferases use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to modify target proteins with ADP-ribose. This modification can occur as mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation. The latter involves the synthesis of long ADP-ribose chains that have specific properties due to the nature of the polymer. ADP-Ribosylation is reversed by hydrolases that cleave the glycosidic bonds either between ADP-ribose units or between the protein proximal ADP-ribose and a given amino acid side chain. Here we discuss the properties of the different enzymes associated with ADP-ribosylation and the consequences of this PTM on substrates. Furthermore, the different domains that interpret either mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation and the implications for cellular processes are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Lüscher
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University , 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mareike Bütepage
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University , 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Laura Eckei
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University , 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah Krieg
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University , 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Patricia Verheugd
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University , 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Brian H Shilton
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University , 52057 Aachen, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario , Medical Sciences Building Room 332, London, Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Najdanova M, Gräsing D, Alia A, Matysik J. Analysis of the Electronic Structure of the Special Pair of a Bacterial Photosynthetic Reaction Center by 13 C Photochemically Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Magic-Angle Spinning NMR Using a Double-Quantum Axis. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 94:69-80. [PMID: 28746728 DOI: 10.1111/php.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The origin of the functional symmetry break in bacterial photosynthesis challenges since several decades. Although structurally very similar, the two branches of cofactors in the reaction center (RC) protein complex act very differently. Upon photochemical excitation, an electron is transported along one branch, while the other remains inactive. Photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) magic-angle spinning (MAS) 13 C NMR revealed that the two bacteriochlorophyll cofactors forming the "Special Pair" donor dimer are already well distinguished in the electronic ground state. These previous studies are relying solely on 13 C-13 C correlation experiments as radio-frequency-driven recoupling (RFDR) and dipolar-assisted rotational resonance (DARR). Obviously, the chemical-shift assignment is difficult in a dimer of tetrapyrrole macrocycles, having eight pyrrole rings of similar chemical shifts. To overcome this problem, an INADEQUATE type of experiment using a POST C7 symmetry-based approach is applied to selectively isotope-labeled bacterial RC of Rhodobacter (R.) sphaeroides wild type (WT). We, therefore, were able to distinguish unresolved sites of the macromolecular dimer. The obtained chemical-shift pattern is in-line with a concentric assembly of negative charge within the common center of the Special Pair supermolecule in the electronic ground state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Najdanova
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Gräsing
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Alia
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Huang Y, Cao S, Yang Y, Cai S, Zhan H, Tan C, Lin L, Zhang Z, Chen Z. Ultrahigh-Resolution NMR Spectroscopy for Rapid Chemical and Biological Applications in Inhomogeneous Magnetic Fields. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7115-7122. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Huang
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shuohui Cao
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shuhui Cai
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Haolin Zhan
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Chunhua Tan
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Liangjie Lin
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dhital B, Gul-E-Noor F, Downing KT, Hirsch S, Boutis GS. Pregnancy-Induced Dynamical and Structural Changes of Reproductive Tract Collagen. Biophys J 2017; 111:57-68. [PMID: 27410734 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tissues and organs of the female reproductive tract and pelvic floor undergo significant remodeling and alterations to allow for fetal growth and birth. In this work, we report on a study of the alterations of murine reproductive tract collagen resulting from pregnancy and parturition by spectrophotometry, histology, and (13)C, (2)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Four different cohorts of rats were investigated that included virgin, multiparous, two- and fourteen-day postpartum primiparous rats. (13)C CPMAS NMR revealed small chemical shift differences across the cohorts. The measured H-C internuclear correlation times indicated differences in dynamics of some motifs. However, the dynamics of the major amino acids, e.g., Gly, remained unaltered with respect to parity. (2)H NMR relaxation measurements revealed an additional water reservoir in the postpartum and multiparous cohorts pointing to redistribution of water due to pregnancy and/or parturition. Spectrophotometric measurements indicated that the collagen content in virgin rats was highest. Histological analysis of the upper vaginal wall indicated a signature of collagen fiber dissociation with smooth muscle and a change in the density of collagen fibers in multiparous rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Basant Dhital
- Department of Physics, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Farhana Gul-E-Noor
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Keith T Downing
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Shari Hirsch
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Gregory S Boutis
- Department of Physics, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York; Department of Physics, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yao S, Jin B, Liu Z, Shao C, Zhao R, Wang X, Tang R. Biomineralization: From Material Tactics to Biological Strategy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1605903. [PMID: 28229486 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization is an important tactic by which biological organisms produce hierarchically structured minerals with marvellous functions. Biomineralization studies typically focus on the mediation function of organic matrices on inorganic minerals, which helps scientists to design and synthesize bioinspired functional materials. However, the presence of inorganic minerals may also alter the native behaviours of organic matrices and even biological organisms. This progress report discusses the latest achievements relating to biomineralization mechanisms, the manufacturing of biomimetic materials and relevant applications in biological and biomedical fields. In particular, biomineralized vaccines and algae with improved thermostability and photosynthesis, respectively, demonstrate that biomineralization is a strategy for organism evolution via the rational design of organism-material complexes. The successful modification of biological systems using materials is based on the regulatory effect of inorganic materials on organic organisms, which is another aspect of biomineralization control. Unlike previous studies, this study integrates materials and biological science to achieve a more comprehensive view of the mechanisms and applications of biomineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Biao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Changyu Shao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|