1
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Zhang L, Chen Y, Yang Z, Liu L, Yang Y, Dalladay-Simpson P, Wang J, Mao HK. Pressure stabilizes ferrous iron in bridgmanite under hydrous deep lower mantle conditions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4333. [PMID: 38773099 PMCID: PMC11109188 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Earth's lower mantle is a potential water reservoir. The physical and chemical properties of the region are in part controlled by the Fe3+/ΣFe ratio and total iron content in bridgmanite. However, the water effect on the chemistry of bridgmanite remains unclear. We carry out laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments under hydrous conditions and observe dominant Fe2+ in bridgmanite (Mg, Fe)SiO3 above 105 GPa under the normal geotherm conditions corresponding to depth > 2300 km, whereas Fe3+-rich bridgmanite is obtained at lower pressures. We further observe FeO in coexistence with hydrous NiAs-type SiO2 under similar conditions, indicating that the stability of ferrous iron is a combined result of H2O effect and high pressure. The stability of ferrous iron in bridgmanite under hydrous conditions would provide an explanation for the nature of the low-shear-velocity anomalies in the deep lower mantle. In addition, entrainment from a hydrous dense layer may influence mantle plume dynamics and contribute to variations in the redox conditions of the mantle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yongjin Chen
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqiang Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Junyue Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ho-Kwang Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory MFree, Institute for Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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2
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Lin B, Jiang J, Zeng XC, Li L. Temperature-pressure phase diagram of confined monolayer water/ice at first-principles accuracy with a machine-learning force field. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4110. [PMID: 37433823 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39829-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the phase behaviour of nanoconfined water films is of fundamental importance in broad fields of science and engineering. However, the phase behaviour of the thinnest water film - monolayer water - is still incompletely known. Here, we developed a machine-learning force field (MLFF) at first-principles accuracy to determine the phase diagram of monolayer water/ice in nanoconfinement with hydrophobic walls. We observed the spontaneous formation of two previously unreported high-density ices, namely, zigzag quasi-bilayer ice (ZZ-qBI) and branched-zigzag quasi-bilayer ice (bZZ-qBI). Unlike conventional bilayer ices, few inter-layer hydrogen bonds were observed in both quasi-bilayer ices. Notably, the bZZ-qBI entails a unique hydrogen-bonding network that consists of two distinctive types of hydrogen bonds. Moreover, we identified, for the first time, the stable region for the lowest-density [Formula: see text] monolayer ice (LD-48MI) at negative pressures (<-0.3 GPa). Overall, the MLFF enables large-scale first-principle-level molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the spontaneous transition from the liquid water to a plethora of monolayer ices, including hexagonal, pentagonal, square, zigzag (ZZMI), and hexatic monolayer ices. These findings will enrich our understanding of the phase behaviour of the nanoconfined water/ices and provide a guide for future experimental realization of the 2D ices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
| | - Lei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
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3
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Drewitt JWE. Liquid structure under extreme conditions: high-pressure x-ray diffraction studies. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:503004. [PMID: 34544063 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Under extreme conditions of high pressure and temperature, liquids can undergo substantial structural transformations as their atoms rearrange to minimise energy within a more confined volume. Understanding the structural response of liquids under extreme conditions is important across a variety of disciplines, from fundamental physics and exotic chemistry to materials and planetary science.In situexperiments and atomistic simulations can provide crucial insight into the nature of liquid-liquid phase transitions and the complex phase diagrams and melting relations of high-pressure materials. Structural changes in natural magmas at the high-pressures experienced in deep planetary interiors can have a profound impact on their physical properties, knowledge of which is important to inform geochemical models of magmatic processes. Generating the extreme conditions required to melt samples at high-pressure, whilst simultaneously measuring their liquid structure, is a considerable challenge. The measurement, analysis, and interpretation of structural data is further complicated by the inherent disordered nature of liquids at the atomic-scale. However, recent advances in high-pressure technology mean that liquid diffraction measurements are becoming more routinely feasible at synchrotron facilities around the world. This topical review examines methods for high pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction of liquids and the wide variety of systems which have been studied by them, from simple liquid metals and their remarkable complex behaviour at high-pressure, to molecular-polymeric liquid-liquid transitions in pnicogen and chalcogen liquids, and density-driven structural transformations in water and silicate melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W E Drewitt
- School of Physics, University of Bristol, H H Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
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4
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Using Multigrain Crystallography to Explore the Microstructural Evolution of the α-Olivine to γ-Ringwoodite Transformation and ε-Mg2SiO4 at High Pressure and Temperature. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11040424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of multigrain crystallography (MGC) applied in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LH-DAC) using synchrotron X-rays has provided a new path to investigate the microstructural evolution of materials at extreme conditions, allowing for simultaneous investigations of phase identification, strain state determination, and orientation relations across phase transitions in a single experiment. Here, we applied this method to a sample of San Carlos olivine beginning at ambient conditions and through the α-olivine → γ-ringwoodite phase transition. At ambient temperatures, by measuring the evolution of individual Bragg reflections, olivine shows profuse angular streaking consistent with the onset of yielding at a measured stress of ~1.5 GPa, considerably lower than previously reported, which may have implications for mantle evolution. Furthermore, γ-ringwoodite phase was found to nucleate as micron to sub-micron grains imbedded with small amounts of a secondary phase at 15 GPa and 1000 °C. Using MGC, we were able to extract and refine individual crystallites of the secondary unknown phase where it was found to have a structure consistent with the ε-phase previously described in chondritic meteorites.
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5
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Liu J, Wang C, Lv C, Su X, Liu Y, Tang R, Chen J, Hu Q, Mao HK, Mao WL. Evidence for oxygenation of Fe-Mg oxides at mid-mantle conditions and the rise of deep oxygen. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 8:nwaa096. [PMID: 34691604 PMCID: PMC8288346 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As the reaction product of subducted water and the iron core, FeO2 with more oxygen than hematite (Fe2O3) has been recently recognized as an important component in the D" layer just above the Earth's core-mantle boundary. Here, we report a new oxygen-excess phase (Mg, Fe)2O3+ δ (0 < δ < 1, denoted as 'OE-phase'). It forms at pressures greater than 40 gigapascal when (Mg, Fe)-bearing hydrous materials are heated over 1500 kelvin. The OE-phase is fully recoverable to ambient conditions for ex situ investigation using transmission electron microscopy, which indicates that the OE-phase contains ferric iron (Fe3+) as in Fe2O3 but holds excess oxygen through interactions between oxygen atoms. The new OE-phase provides strong evidence that H2O has extraordinary oxidation power at high pressure. Unlike the formation of pyrite-type FeO2Hx which usually requires saturated water, the OE-phase can be formed with under-saturated water at mid-mantle conditions, and is expected to be more ubiquitous at depths greater than 1000 km in the Earth's mantle. The emergence of oxygen-excess reservoirs out of primordial or subducted (Mg, Fe)-bearing hydrous materials may revise our view on the deep-mantle redox chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, China
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chaojia Lv
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xiaowan Su
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yijin Liu
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Ruilian Tang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jiuhua Chen
- Center for Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Qingyang Hu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, China
| | - Ho-Kwang Mao
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100094, China
| | - Wendy L Mao
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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6
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Chandler B, Bernier J, Diamond M, Kunz M, Wenk HR. Exploring microstructures in lower mantle mineral assemblages with synchrotron x-rays. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/1/eabd3614. [PMID: 33523845 PMCID: PMC7775751 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd3614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding dynamics across phase transformations and the spatial distribution of minerals in the lower mantle is crucial for a comprehensive model of the evolution of the Earth's interior. Using the multigrain crystallography technique (MGC) with synchrotron x-rays at pressures of 30 GPa in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell to study the formation of bridgmanite [(Mg,Fe)SiO3] and ferropericlase [(Mg,Fe)O], we report an interconnected network of a smaller grained ferropericlase, a configuration that has been implicated in slab stagnation and plume deflection in the upper part of the lower mantle. Furthermore, we isolated individual crystal orientations with grain-scale resolution, provide estimates on stress evolutions on the grain scale, and report {110} twinning in an iron-depleted bridgmanite, a mechanism that appears to aid stress relaxation during grain growth and likely contributes to the lack of any appreciable seismic anisotropy in the upper portion of the lower mantle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Chandler
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- The Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Joel Bernier
- Engineering Technologies Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
| | - Matthew Diamond
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Martin Kunz
- The Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Hans-Rudolf Wenk
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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7
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A Practical Review of the Laser-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for University Laboratories and Synchrotron Applications. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10060459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the past couple of decades, the laser-heated diamond anvil cell (combined with in situ techniques) has become an extensively used tool for studying pressure-temperature-induced evolution of various physical (and chemical) properties of materials. In this review, the general challenges associated with the use of the laser-heated diamond anvil cells are discussed together with the recent progress in the use of this tool combined with synchrotron X-ray diffraction and absorption spectroscopy.
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8
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Wu WW, Wu SG, Chen YC, Huang GZ, Lyu BH, Ni ZP, Tong ML. Spin-crossover in an organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4551-4554. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00992j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The first spin-crossover complex with an organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite structure is reported, which displays three-step spin-crossover, light-induced excited spin-state trapping and spin-state dependent fluorescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Si-Guo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Cong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Guo-Zhang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Bang-Heng Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Ping Ni
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Ming-Liang Tong
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, 510275
- P. R. China
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9
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Anzellini S, Kleppe AK, Daisenberger D, Wharmby MT, Giampaoli R, Boccato S, Baron MA, Miozzi F, Keeble DS, Ross A, Gurney S, Thompson J, Knap G, Booth M, Hudson L, Hawkins D, Walter MJ, Wilhelm H. Laser-heating system for high-pressure X-ray diffraction at the Extreme Conditions beamline I15 at Diamond Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2018; 25:1860-1868. [PMID: 30407199 PMCID: PMC6225745 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577518013383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the specification and application of the new double-sided YAG laser-heating system built on beamline I15 at Diamond Light Source are presented. This system, combined with diamond anvil cell and X-ray diffraction techniques, allows in situ and ex situ characterization of material properties at extremes of pressure and temperature. In order to demonstrate the reliability and stability of this experimental setup over a wide range of pressure and temperature, a case study was performed and the phase diagram of lead was investigated up to 80 GPa and 3300 K. The obtained results agree with previously published experimental and theoretical data, underlining the quality and reliability of the installed setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Anzellini
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Annette K. Kleppe
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Dominik Daisenberger
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Michael T. Wharmby
- PETRA III, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruggero Giampaoli
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
- Physics Department, Instituto Superior Tecnico (Universidade de Lisboa), Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Silvia Boccato
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, CS40220, Grenoble 38043, France
| | - Marzena A. Baron
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Francesca Miozzi
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Dean S. Keeble
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Allan Ross
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Stuart Gurney
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Jon Thompson
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Giles Knap
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Mark Booth
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Lee Hudson
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Dave Hawkins
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Michael J. Walter
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington DC, 20015, USA
| | - Heribert Wilhelm
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
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10
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Abstract
A deep lower-mantle (DLM) water reservoir depends on availability of hydrous minerals which can store and transport water into the DLM without dehydration. Recent discoveries found hydrous phases AlOOH (Z = 2) with a CaCl2-type structure and FeOOH (Z = 4) with a cubic pyrite-type structure stable under the high-pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions of the DLM. Our experiments at 107-136 GPa and 2,400 K have further demonstrated that (Fe,Al)OOH is stabilized in a hexagonal lattice. By combining powder X-ray-diffraction techniques with multigrain indexation, we are able to determine this hexagonal hydrous phase with a = 10.5803(6) Å and c = 2.5897(3) Å at 110 GPa. Hexagonal (Fe,Al)OOH can transform to the cubic pyrite structure at low T with the same density. The hexagonal phase can be formed when δ-AlOOH incorporates FeOOH produced by reaction between water and Fe, which may store a substantial quantity of water in the DLM.
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11
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Abstract
The cycling of hydrogen influences the structure, composition, and stratification of Earth's interior. Our recent discovery of pyrite-structured iron peroxide (designated as the P phase) and the formation of the P phase from dehydrogenation of goethite FeO2H implies the separation of the oxygen and hydrogen cycles in the deep lower mantle beneath 1,800 km. Here we further characterize the residual hydrogen, x, in the P-phase FeO2Hx Using a combination of theoretical simulations and high-pressure-temperature experiments, we calibrated the x dependence of molar volume of the P phase. Within the current range of experimental conditions, we observed a compositional range of P phase of 0.39 < x < 0.81, corresponding to 19-61% dehydrogenation. Increasing temperature and heating time will help release hydrogen and lower x, suggesting that dehydrogenation could be approaching completion at the high-temperature conditions of the lower mantle over extended geological time. Our observations indicate a fundamental change in the mode of hydrogen release from dehydration in the upper mantle to dehydrogenation in the deep lower mantle, thus differentiating the deep hydrogen and hydrous cycles.
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12
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Shen G, Mao HK. High-pressure studies with x-rays using diamond anvil cells. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:016101. [PMID: 27873767 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/80/1/016101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pressure profoundly alters all states of matter. The symbiotic development of ultrahigh-pressure diamond anvil cells, to compress samples to sustainable multi-megabar pressures; and synchrotron x-ray techniques, to probe materials' properties in situ, has enabled the exploration of rich high-pressure (HP) science. In this article, we first introduce the essential concept of diamond anvil cell technology, together with recent developments and its integration with other extreme environments. We then provide an overview of the latest developments in HP synchrotron techniques, their applications, and current problems, followed by a discussion of HP scientific studies using x-rays in the key multidisciplinary fields. These HP studies include: HP x-ray emission spectroscopy, which provides information on the filled electronic states of HP samples; HP x-ray Raman spectroscopy, which probes the HP chemical bonding changes of light elements; HP electronic inelastic x-ray scattering spectroscopy, which accesses high energy electronic phenomena, including electronic band structure, Fermi surface, excitons, plasmons, and their dispersions; HP resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectroscopy, which probes shallow core excitations, multiplet structures, and spin-resolved electronic structure; HP nuclear resonant x-ray spectroscopy, which provides phonon densities of state and time-resolved Mössbauer information; HP x-ray imaging, which provides information on hierarchical structures, dynamic processes, and internal strains; HP x-ray diffraction, which determines the fundamental structures and densities of single-crystal, polycrystalline, nanocrystalline, and non-crystalline materials; and HP radial x-ray diffraction, which yields deviatoric, elastic and rheological information. Integrating these tools with hydrostatic or uniaxial pressure media, laser and resistive heating, and cryogenic cooling, has enabled investigations of the structural, vibrational, electronic, and magnetic properties of materials over a wide range of pressure-temperature conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyin Shen
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC, USA
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13
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Gordon EE, Köhler J, Whangbo MH. Condensed-matter equation of states covering a wide region of pressure studied experimentally. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39212. [PMID: 27976712 PMCID: PMC5156938 DOI: 10.1038/srep39212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationships among the pressure P, volume V, and temperature T of solid-state materials are described by their equations of state (EOSs), which are often derived from the consideration of the finite-strain energy or the interatomic potential. These EOSs consist of typically three parameters to determine from experimental P-V-T data by fitting analyses. In the empirical approach to EOSs, one either refines such fitting parameters or improves the mathematical functions to better simulate the experimental data. Despite over seven decades of studies on EOSs, none has been found to be accurate for all types of solids over the whole temperature and pressure ranges studied experimentally. Here we show that the simple empirical EOS, P = α1(PV) + α2(PV)2 + α3(PV)3, in which the pressure P is indirectly related to the volume V through a cubic polynomial of the energy term PV with three fitting parameters α1 − α3, provides accurate descriptions for the P-vs-V data of condensed matter in a wide region of pressure studied experimentally even in the presence of phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah E Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA
| | - Jürgen Köhler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Myung-Hwan Whangbo
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA
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14
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Ismailova L, Bykova E, Bykov M, Cerantola V, McCammon C, Boffa Ballaran T, Bobrov A, Sinmyo R, Dubrovinskaia N, Glazyrin K, Liermann HP, Kupenko I, Hanfland M, Prescher C, Prakapenka V, Svitlyk V, Dubrovinsky L. Stability of Fe,Al-bearing bridgmanite in the lower mantle and synthesis of pure Fe-bridgmanite. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600427. [PMID: 27453945 PMCID: PMC4956391 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The physical and chemical properties of Earth's mantle, as well as its dynamics and evolution, heavily depend on the phase composition of the region. On the basis of experiments in laser-heated diamond anvil cells, we demonstrate that Fe,Al-bearing bridgmanite (magnesium silicate perovskite) is stable to pressures over 120 GPa and temperatures above 3000 K. Ferric iron stabilizes Fe-rich bridgmanite such that we were able to synthesize pure iron bridgmanite at pressures between ~45 and 110 GPa. The compressibility of ferric iron-bearing bridgmanite is significantly different from any known bridgmanite, which has direct implications for the interpretation of seismic tomography data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Ismailova
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Elena Bykova
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Maxim Bykov
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Valerio Cerantola
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Catherine McCammon
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Andrei Bobrov
- Department of Petrology, Geological Faculty, Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ryosuke Sinmyo
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Konstantin Glazyrin
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanns-Peter Liermann
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ilya Kupenko
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
- Institut für Mineralogie, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Hanfland
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Clemens Prescher
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60437, USA
| | - Vitali Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60437, USA
| | - Volodymyr Svitlyk
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Kwang Mao
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China and at the Carnegie Institute of Washington, Washington DC, USA
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16
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FeO2 and FeOOH under deep lower-mantle conditions and Earth’s oxygen–hydrogen cycles. Nature 2016; 534:241-4. [DOI: 10.1038/nature18018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Yan X, Dong H, Li Y, Lin C, Park C, He D, Yang W. Phase transition induced strain in ZnO under high pressure. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24958. [PMID: 27173609 PMCID: PMC4865855 DOI: 10.1038/srep24958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Under high pressure, the phase transition mechanism and mechanical property of material are supposed to be largely associated with the transformation induced elastic strain. However, the experimental evidences for such strain are scanty. The elastic and plastic properties of ZnO, a leading material for applications in chemical sensor, catalyst, and optical thin coatings, were determined using in situ high pressure synchrotron axial and radial x-ray diffraction. The abnormal elastic behaviors of selected lattice planes of ZnO during phase transition revealed the existence of internal elastic strain, which arise from the lattice misfit between wurtzite and rocksalt phase. Furthermore, the strength decrease of ZnO during phase transition under non-hydrostatic pressure was observed and could be attributed to such internal elastic strain, unveiling the relationship between pressure induced internal strain and mechanical property of material. These findings are of fundamental importance to understanding the mechanism of phase transition and the properties of materials under pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhi Yan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.,Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Haini Dong
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550081, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlong Lin
- HPCAT, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, US
| | - Changyong Park
- HPCAT, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, US
| | - Duanwei He
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.,Institute of Fluid Physics and National Key Laboratory of Shockwave and Detonation Physic, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, P. R. China
| | - Wenge Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, P. R. China.,High Pressure Synergetic Consortium (HPSynC), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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18
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Meng Y, Hrubiak R, Rod E, Boehler R, Shen G. New developments in laser-heated diamond anvil cell with in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction at High Pressure Collaborative Access Team. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:072201. [PMID: 26233341 DOI: 10.1063/1.4926895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An overview of the in situ laser heating system at the High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, with emphasis on newly developed capabilities, is presented. Since its establishment at the beamline 16-ID-B a decade ago, laser-heated diamond anvil cell coupled with in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction has been widely used for studying the structural properties of materials under simultaneous high pressure and high temperature conditions. Recent developments in both continuous-wave and modulated heating techniques have been focusing on resolving technical issues of the most challenging research areas. The new capabilities have demonstrated clear benefits and provide new opportunities in research areas including high-pressure melting, pressure-temperature-volume equations of state, chemical reaction, and time resolved studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Meng
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60565, USA
| | - Rostislav Hrubiak
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60565, USA
| | - Eric Rod
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60565, USA
| | - Reinhard Boehler
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - Guoyin Shen
- HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60565, USA
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19
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Spin crossover in ferropericlase and velocity heterogeneities in the lower mantle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:10468-72. [PMID: 25002507 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1322427111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the origin of seismic velocity heterogeneities in the mantle is crucial to understanding internal structures and processes at work in the Earth. The spin crossover in iron in ferropericlase (Fp), the second most abundant phase in the lower mantle, introduces unfamiliar effects on seismic velocities. First-principles calculations indicate that anticorrelation between shear velocity (VS) and bulk sound velocity (Vφ) in the mantle, usually interpreted as compositional heterogeneity, can also be produced in homogeneous aggregates containing Fp. The spin crossover also suppresses thermally induced heterogeneity in longitudinal velocity (VP) at certain depths but not in VS. This effect is observed in tomography models at conditions where the spin crossover in Fp is expected in the lower mantle. In addition, the one-of-a-kind signature of this spin crossover in the RS/P (∂ ln VS/∂ ln VP) heterogeneity ratio might be a useful fingerprint to detect the presence of Fp in the lower mantle.
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20
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Abstract
Experiments reveal how some deep seismic anomalies near the core-mantle boundary might be generated
[Also see Research Article by
Zhang
et al.
and Report by
Andrault
et al.
]
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Williams
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
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