1
|
Li H, Wang R, Xu P, Yuan C, Huang M, Jiang L. Elucidating the molecular basis of PECAM-1 and Tie2 interaction from binding dynamics and complex formation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 735:150484. [PMID: 39094232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial hyperpermeability-induced vascular dysfunction is a prevalent and significant characteristic in critical illnesses such as sepsis and other conditions marked by acute systemic inflammation. Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and Tie2 serve as transmembrane receptors within endothelial cells (ECs), playing pivotal roles not only in maintaining EC-EC junctions but also in influencing vasculogenesis, vessel homeostasis, and vascular remodeling. OBJECTIVES At present, the molecular basis of the PECAM-1-Tie2 interaction remains inadequately elucidated. In the study, recombinant soluble PECAM-1 (sPECAM-1) and Tie2 (sTie2) were expressed by Drosophila S2 and HEK293 expression systems, respectively. The interactions between sPECAM-1 and sTie2 were investigated using the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and size-exclusion chromatography methods. An immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the binding of sPECAM-1 and sTie2 on endothelial cells. RESULTS PECAM-1 was found to bind with sTie2 in a sodium and pH-dependent manner as confirmed by the ELISA, the D5-D6 domains of PECAM-1 might play a crucial role in binding with sTie2. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) results showed that the full length of sPECAM-1 has the strongest binding affinity (KD = 48.4 nM) with sTie2, compared to sPECAM-1-D1-D4 and sPECAM-1-D1-D2. This result is consistent with that in the ELISA. In addition, size-exclusion chromatography demonstrated that sPECAM-1, sTie2, and Ang1 can form a ternary complex. CONCLUSION In this study, we determined that sPECAM-1 binds to sTie2 in a pH and sodium-dependent manner. The full length of sPECAM-1 has the strongest binding affinity, and the D5-D6 domains in sPECAM-1 play a crucial role in the interaction between sPECAM-1 and sTie2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Cai Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Mingdong Huang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China; The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Biopharmaceutical and Photodynamic Therapy Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China.
| | - Longguang Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China; The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Biopharmaceutical and Photodynamic Therapy Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mao A, Zhang K, Kan H, Gao M, Wang Z, Zhou T, Shao J, He D. Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals Coronary Heterogeneity and Identifies CD133 +TRPV4 high Endothelial Subpopulation in Regulating Flow-Induced Vascular Tone in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:653-665. [PMID: 38269590 PMCID: PMC10880935 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-cell RNA-Seq analysis can determine the heterogeneity of cells between different tissues at a single-cell level. Coronary artery endothelial cells (ECs) are important to coronary blood flow. However, little is known about the heterogeneity of coronary artery ECs, and cellular identity responses to flow. Identifying endothelial subpopulations will contribute to the precise localization of vascular endothelial subpopulations, thus enabling the precision of vascular injury treatment. METHODS Here, we performed a single-cell RNA sequencing of 31 962 cells and functional assays of 3 branches of the coronary arteries (right coronary artery/circumflex left coronary artery/anterior descending left coronary artery) in wild-type mice. RESULTS We found a compendium of 7 distinct cell types in mouse coronary arteries, mainly ECs, granulocytes, cardiac myocytes, smooth muscle cells, lymphocytes, myeloid cells, and fibroblast cells, and showed spatial heterogeneity between arterial branches. Furthermore, we revealed a subpopulation of coronary artery ECs, CD133+TRPV4high ECs. TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) in CD133+TRPV4high ECs is important for regulating vasodilation and coronary blood flow. CONCLUSIONS Our study elucidates the nature and range of coronary arterial cell diversity and highlights the importance of coronary CD133+TRPV4high ECs in regulating coronary vascular tone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin Mao
- Wuxi School of Medicine (A.M., K.Z., H.K., M.G., Z.W., T.Z., J.S.), Jiangnan University, China
- School of Food Science and Technology (A.M., D.H.), Jiangnan University, China
| | - Ka Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine (A.M., K.Z., H.K., M.G., Z.W., T.Z., J.S.), Jiangnan University, China
| | - Hao Kan
- Wuxi School of Medicine (A.M., K.Z., H.K., M.G., Z.W., T.Z., J.S.), Jiangnan University, China
| | - Mengru Gao
- Wuxi School of Medicine (A.M., K.Z., H.K., M.G., Z.W., T.Z., J.S.), Jiangnan University, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine (A.M., K.Z., H.K., M.G., Z.W., T.Z., J.S.), Jiangnan University, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine (A.M., K.Z., H.K., M.G., Z.W., T.Z., J.S.), Jiangnan University, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Wuxi School of Medicine (A.M., K.Z., H.K., M.G., Z.W., T.Z., J.S.), Jiangnan University, China
| | - Dongxu He
- School of Food Science and Technology (A.M., D.H.), Jiangnan University, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nashine S, Kenney MC. Effects of Humanin G (HNG) on angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers in Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Mitochondrion 2024; 74:101818. [PMID: 38029849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Advanced stages of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) are characterized by retinal neurodegeneration and aberrant angiogenesis, and mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of AMD. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that Humanin G (HNG), a cytoprotective mitochondrial-derived peptide, positively regulates cell proliferation, cell death, and the protein levels of angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers, in normal (control) and AMD RPE transmitochondrial cybrid cell lines. These normal and AMD RPE transmitochondrial cybrid cell lines had identical nuclei derived from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cell line, but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content that was derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects. Cell lysates were extracted from untreated and HNG-treated AMD and normal (control) cybrid cell lines, and the Luminex XMAP multiplex assay was used to examine the protein levels of angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers. Humanin G reduced Caspase-3/7-mediated apoptosis, improved cell proliferation, and normalized the protein levels of angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers in AMD RPE cybrid cell lines, thereby suggesting Humanin G's positive regulatory role in AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Nashine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - M Cristina Kenney
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pandey K, Bessières B, Sheng SL, Taranda J, Osten P, Sandovici I, Constancia M, Alberini CM. Neuronal activity drives IGF2 expression from pericytes to form long-term memory. Neuron 2023; 111:3819-3836.e8. [PMID: 37788670 PMCID: PMC10843759 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Investigations of memory mechanisms have been, thus far, neuron centric, despite the brain comprising diverse cell types. Using rats and mice, we assessed the cell-type-specific contribution of hippocampal insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), a polypeptide regulated by learning and required for long-term memory formation. The highest level of hippocampal IGF2 was detected in pericytes, the multi-functional mural cells of the microvessels that regulate blood flow, vessel formation, the blood-brain barrier, and immune cell entry into the central nervous system. Learning significantly increased pericytic Igf2 expression in the hippocampus, particularly in the highly vascularized stratum lacunosum moleculare and stratum moleculare layers of the dentate gyrus. Igf2 increases required neuronal activity. Regulated hippocampal Igf2 knockout in pericytes, but not in fibroblasts or neurons, impaired long-term memories and blunted the learning-dependent increase of neuronal immediate early genes (IEGs). Thus, neuronal activity-driven signaling from pericytes to neurons via IGF2 is essential for long-term memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Pandey
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | | | - Susan L Sheng
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Julian Taranda
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Pavel Osten
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Ionel Sandovici
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Miguel Constancia
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang H, Sun W, Li F, Jiang P, Wang L, Zhou N, Feng L. Bradykinin-bradykinin receptor (B1R) signalling is involved in the blood-brain barrier disruption in moyamoya disease. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:4069-4079. [PMID: 37818853 PMCID: PMC10746938 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare disorder of the cerebrovascular system. It is a steno-occlusive disease that involves angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Bradykinin (BK), its metabolite des-Arg9-BK, and receptor (B1R) affect angiogenesis and BBB integrity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in BK, B1R and des-Arg9-BK levels in the serum and brain tissues of patients with MMD and explore the underlying mechanism of these markers in MMD. We obtained the serum samples and superficial temporal artery (STA) tissue of patients with MMD from the Department of Neurosurgery of the Jining First People's Hospital. First, we measured BK, des-Arg9-BK and B1R levels in the serum of patients by means of ELISA. Next, we performed immunofluorescence to determine B1R expression in STA tissues. Finally, we determined the underlying mechanism through Western blot, angiogenesis assay, immunofluorescence, transendothelial electrical resistance and transcytosis assays. Our results demonstrated a significant increase in the BK, des-Arg9-BK and B1R levels in the serum of patients with MMD compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, an increase in the B1R expression level was observed in the STA tissues of patients with MMD. BK and des-Arg9-BK could promote the migratory and proliferative abilities of bEnd.3 cells and inhibited the formation of bEnd.3 cell tubes. In vitro BBB model showed that BK and des-Arg9-BK could reduce claudin-5, ZO-1 and occluding expression and BBB disruption. To the best of our knowledge, our results show an increase in BK and B1R levels in the serum and STA tissues of patients with MMD. BK and Des-Arg9-BK could inhibit angiogenesis, promote migratory and proliferative capacities of cells, and disrupt BBB integrity. Therefore, regulating BK, des-Arg9-BK and B1R levels in the serum and the brain could be potential strategies for treating patients with MMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Wang
- Department of PharmacyThe Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University/The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang/First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical UniversityLianyungangChina
| | - Wenxue Sun
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJiningChina
- Institute of Translational PharmacyJining Medical Research AcademyJiningChina
| | - Fengfeng Li
- Department of neurosurgery, Tengzhou Central People's HospitalJining Medical UniversityTengzhouChina
| | - Pei Jiang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJiningChina
- Institute of Translational PharmacyJining Medical Research AcademyJiningChina
| | - Lei Wang
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJiningChina
- Institute of Translational PharmacyJining Medical Research AcademyJiningChina
| | - Nannan Zhou
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining First People's HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJiningChina
- Institute of Translational PharmacyJining Medical Research AcademyJiningChina
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jining First People's HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJiningChina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tahara U, Matsui T, Atsugi T, Fukuda K, Terooatea TW, Minoda A, Kubo A, Amagai M. Keratinocytes of the Upper Epidermis and Isthmus of Hair Follicles Express Hemoglobin mRNA and Protein. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2346-2355.e10. [PMID: 37981423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis, the keratinized stratified squamous epithelium surrounding the body surface, offers a valuable framework to investigate how terrestrial animals overcome environmental stresses. However, the mechanisms underlying epidermal barrier function remain nebulous. In this study, we examined genes highly expressed in the human and mouse upper epidermis, the outer frontier that induces various barrier-related genes. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the messenger RNA level of hemoglobin α (HBA), an oxygen carrier in erythroid cells, was enriched in the upper epidermis compared with that in the whole epidermis. Immunostaining analysis confirmed HBA protein expression in human and mouse keratinocytes (KCs) of the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum. HBA was also expressed in hair follicle KCs in the isthmus region; its expression levels were more prominent than those in interfollicular KCs. HBA expression was not observed in noncutaneous keratinized stratified squamous epithelia of mice, for example, the vagina, esophagus, and forestomach. HBA expression was upregulated in human epidermal KC cultures after UV irradiation, a major cause of skin-specific oxidative stress. Furthermore, HBA knockdown increased UV-induced production of ROS in primary KCs. Our findings suggest that epidermal HBA expression is induced by oxidative stress and acts as an antioxidant, contributing to skin barrier function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umi Tahara
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsui
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory for Evolutionary Cell Biology of the Skin, School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Toru Atsugi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Fukuda
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tommy W Terooatea
- Laboratory for Cellular Epigenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Aki Minoda
- Laboratory for Cellular Epigenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Akiharu Kubo
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu H, Liu Y. Top of basilar syndrome due to vertebral artery dissection: How high-resolution MRI and CD31 analysis of thrombus could help. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 112:108948. [PMID: 37832359 PMCID: PMC10667724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Vertebral artery dissection is a rare but serious condition that can lead to neurological deficits and even death. It is commonly associated with trauma or underlying vascular diseases. Top of basilar syndrome (TOBS) is a neurological condition that can result from vertebral artery dissection, either by direct ischemia or secondary occlusion due to distal embolization of injured inner vascular tissue. We here present a patient who was initially suffering from seizure then had TOBS due to a progressive vertebral artery dissection, with emphasis of high-resolution MRI imaging and immunohistochemistry study of the thrombus. CASE PRESENTATION A young male presented to the emergency department with sudden onset of seizure. A history of recent neck exercise was reported. The patient had gaze palsy, adduction disability, and dysarthria. High-resolution MRI showed a vertebral artery dissection with evidence of occlusion of the top of basilar artery. After the thrombectomy, a pathologic study revealed CD31[+] tissue in the thrombus, indicating an origin from dissected vertebral artery. CLINICAL DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION It's important to recognize and treat vertebral artery dissection promptly due to its varying symptoms. Using high-resolution MRI at early stage and conducting pathologic analysis of CD31 on the thrombus can assist in the diagnosis, potentially leading to more precise treatment plans and better outcomes for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vasalou V, Kotidis E, Tatsis D, Boulogeorgou K, Grivas I, Koliakos G, Cheva A, Ioannidis O, Tsingotjidou A, Angelopoulos S. The Effects of Tissue Healing Factors in Wound Repair Involving Absorbable Meshes: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5683. [PMID: 37685753 PMCID: PMC10488606 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and meticulously orchestrated process involving multiple phases and cellular interactions. This narrative review explores the intricate mechanisms behind wound healing, emphasizing the significance of cellular processes and molecular factors. The phases of wound healing are discussed, focusing on the roles of immune cells, growth factors, and extracellular matrix components. Cellular shape alterations driven by cytoskeletal modulation and the influence of the 'Formin' protein family are highlighted for their impact on wound healing processes. This review delves into the use of absorbable meshes in wound repair, discussing their categories and applications in different surgical scenarios. Interleukins (IL-2 and IL-6), CD31, CD34, platelet rich plasma (PRP), and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are discussed in their respective roles in wound healing. The interactions between these factors and their potential synergies with absorbable meshes are explored, shedding light on how these combinations might enhance the healing process. Recent advances and challenges in the field are also presented, including insights into mesh integration, biocompatibility, infection prevention, and postoperative complications. This review underscores the importance of patient-specific factors and surgical techniques in optimizing mesh placement and healing outcomes. As wound healing remains a dynamic field, this narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and potential avenues for future research and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Vasalou
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Andreas Syggros Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios Kotidis
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tatsis
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kassiani Boulogeorgou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.B.)
| | - Ioannis Grivas
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Koliakos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.B.)
| | - Orestis Ioannidis
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsingotjidou
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatis Angelopoulos
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chu Q, Song X, Xiao Y, Kang YJ. Alteration of endothelial permeability ensures cardiomyocyte survival from ischemic insult in the subendocardium of the heart. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1364-1372. [PMID: 37786370 PMCID: PMC10657589 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231194344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that cardiomyocytes in the subendocardial region of myocardium survive from ischemic insult. This study was undertaken to explore possible mechanisms for the survival of these cardiomyocytes, focusing on changes in endothelial cells (ECs) and blood supply. C57/B6 mice were subjected to permanent ligation of left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery to induce myocardial ischemia (MI). The hearts were harvested at 1, 4, and 7 days post MI and examined for histological changes. It was found that the survival of cardiomyocytes was associated with a preservation of ECs in the subendocardial region, as revealed by EC-specific tdTomato expression transgenic mice (Tie2tdTomato). However, the EC selective proteins, PECAM1 and VEGFR2, were significantly depressed in these ECs. Consequently, the ratio of PECAM1/tdTomato was significantly decreased, indicating a transformation from PECAM1+ ECs to PECAM1- ECs. Furthermore, EC junction protein, VE-cadherin, was not only depressed but also disassociated from PECAM1 in the same region. These changes led to an increase in EC permeability, as evidenced by increased blood infiltration in the subendocardial region. Thus, the increase in the permeability of ECs due to their transformation in the subendocardial region allows blood infiltration, creating a unique microenvironment and ensuring the survival of cardiomyocytes under ischemic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Song
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Tennessee Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Peng YJ, Tang XT, Shu HS, Dong W, Shao H, Zhou BO. Sertoli cells are the source of stem cell factor for spermatogenesis. Development 2023; 150:297262. [PMID: 36861441 PMCID: PMC10112922 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Several cell types have been proposed to create the required microenvironment for spermatogenesis. However, expression patterns of the key growth factors produced by these somatic cells have not been systematically studied and no such factor has been conditionally deleted from its primary source(s), raising the question of which cell type(s) are the physiological sources of these growth factors. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing and a series of fluorescent reporter mice, we found that stem cell factor (Scf), one of the essential growth factors for spermatogenesis, was broadly expressed in testicular stromal cells, including Sertoli, endothelial, Leydig, smooth muscle and Tcf21-CreER+ stromal cells. Both undifferentiated and differentiating spermatogonia were associated with Scf-expressing Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubule. Conditional deletion of Scf from Sertoli cells, but not any other Scf-expressing cells, blocked the differentiation of spermatogonia, leading to complete male infertility. Conditional overexpression of Scf in Sertoli cells, but not endothelial cells, significantly increased spermatogenesis. Our data reveal the importance of anatomical localization for Sertoli cells in regulating spermatogenesis and that SCF produced specifically by Sertoli cells is essential for spermatogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jacky Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Thomas Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Sophie Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfang Shao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo O Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ono S, Hatayama N, Miyamoto K, Naito M, Ishimoto T, Ito Y. Intimal growth on the luminal surface of arteriovenous grafts in rats. Clin Exp Nephrol 2023; 27:402-410. [PMID: 36773176 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial cells are known to grow on the luminal surface of arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) used in hemodialysis. Although endothelial cells are important for preventing infection, a detailed growth of endothelial cells in AVGs is unknown. This study sought to create a simpler animal model of AVGs and to investigate how endothelial cells form on the luminal surface. METHODS Polyethylene grafts were placed between the cervical artery and vein of Wistar rats. The grafts were removed at 6 h, 24 h, 3 days, or 7 days after placement. The luminal surface was observed under optical and polarizing microscopy and stained with endothelial cell markers (LEL, CD31), the progenitor cell marker CD34, and the macrophage marker ED-1. RESULTS Microscopy demonstrated many diffuse vascular endothelial cells on the luminal surface of AVGs after placement. While there was no difference in the number of LEL-positive cells between the arterial side (AS) and venous side (VS) at 6 h or 7 days, there were significantly more of these cells on the VS at both 24 h and 3 days (p < 0.05). Analysis at 24 h showed some CD31-positive cells and few CD34-positive cells. CONCLUSIONS This was the first study to use a simple rat model of AVG placement. Endothelial cell formation was initially more active on the VS than on the AS, but these cells subsequently increased in number across the luminal surface. Future clinical studies might contribute clinically by confirming whether AS versus VS puncture results in different infection rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumihisa Ono
- Department of Nephrology, Central Japan International Medical Center, 1-1, Kenkounomachi, Minokamoshi, Gifu, Japan.,Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Hatayama
- Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, 1-1, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Kanyu Miyamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Central Japan International Medical Center, 1-1, Kenkounomachi, Minokamoshi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Munekazu Naito
- Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, 1-1, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takuji Ishimoto
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Ito
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jakl V, Ehmele M, Winkelmann M, Ehrenberg S, Eiseler T, Friemert B, Rojewski MT, Schrezenmeier H. A novel approach for large-scale manufacturing of small extracellular vesicles from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells using a hollow fiber bioreactor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1107055. [PMID: 36761296 PMCID: PMC9904364 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1107055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising therapeutic candidates in a variety of diseases due to having immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative properties. In recent years, MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have attracted increasing interest as a possible alternative to conventional cell therapy. However, translational processes of sEVs for clinical applications are still impeded by inconsistencies regarding isolation procedures and culture conditions. We systematically compared different methods for sEV isolation from conditioned media of ex vivo expanded bone marrow-derived MSCs and demonstrated considerable variability of quantity, purity, and characteristics of sEV preparations obtained by these methods. The combination of cross flow filtration with ultracentrifugation for sEV isolation resulted in sEVs with similar properties as compared to isolation by differential centrifugation combined with ultracentrifugation, the latter is still considered as gold standard for sEV isolation. In contrast, sEV isolation by a combination of precipitation with polyethylene glycol and ultracentrifugation as well as cross flow filtration and size exclusion chromatography resulted in sEVs with different characteristics, as shown by surface antigen expression patterns. The MSC culture requires a growth-promoting supplement, such as platelet lysate, which contains sEVs itself. We demonstrated that MSC culture with EV-depleted platelet lysate does not alter MSC characteristics, and conditioned media of such MSC cultures provide sEV preparations enriched for MSC-derived sEVs. The results from the systematic stepwise evaluation of various aspects were combined with culture of MSCs in a hollow fiber bioreactor. This resulted in a strategy using cross flow filtration with subsequent ultracentrifugation for sEV isolation. In conclusion, this workflow provides a semi-automated, efficient, large-scale-applicable, and good manufacturing practice (GMP)-grade approach for the generation of sEVs for clinical use. The use of EV-depleted platelet lysate is an option to further increase the purity of MSC-derived sEVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Jakl
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie Ehmele
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessia and University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martina Winkelmann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simon Ehrenberg
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tim Eiseler
- Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benedikt Friemert
- Clinic for Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Army Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Thomas Rojewski
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany,Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessia and University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany,*Correspondence: Markus Thomas Rojewski,
| | - Hubert Schrezenmeier
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany,Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessia and University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wasko R, Bridges K, Pannone R, Sidhu I, Xing Y, Naik S, Miller-Jensen K, Horsley V. Langerhans cells are essential components of the angiogenic niche during murine skin repair. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2699-2713.e5. [PMID: 36493773 PMCID: PMC10848275 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, occurs during development, injury repair, and tumorigenesis to deliver oxygen, immune cells, and nutrients to tissues. Defects in angiogenesis occur in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, and chronic, non-healing wounds, yet treatment options are limited. Here, we provide a map of the early angiogenic niche by analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing of mouse skin wound healing. Our data implicate Langerhans cells (LCs), phagocytic, skin-resident immune cells, in driving angiogenesis during skin repair. Using lineage-driven reportersw, three-dimensional (3D) microscopy, and mouse genetics, we show that LCs are situated at the endothelial cell leading edge in mouse skin wounds and are necessary for angiogenesis during repair. These data provide additional future avenues for the control of angiogenesis to treat disease and chronic wounds and extend the function of LCs beyond their canonical role in antigen presentation and T cell immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renee Wasko
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kate Bridges
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rebecca Pannone
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ikjot Sidhu
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yue Xing
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shruti Naik
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Miller-Jensen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Valerie Horsley
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang H, Wan GZ, Wang YY, Chen W, Guan JZ. The role of erythrocytes and erythroid progenitor cells in tumors. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:1641-1656. [PMID: 36567722 PMCID: PMC9755711 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current research context of precision treatment of malignant tumors, the advantages of immunotherapy are unmatched by conventional antitumor therapy, which can prolong progression-free survival and overall survival. The search for new targets and novel combination therapies can improve the efficacy of immunotherapy and reduce adverse effects. Since current research targets for immunotherapy mainly focus on lymphocytes, little research has been done on erythrocytes. Nucleated erythroid precursor stem cells have been discovered to play an essential role in tumor progression. Researchers are exploring new targets and therapeutic approaches for immunotherapy from the perspective of erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs). Recent studies have shown that different subtypes of EPCs have specific surface markers and distinct biological roles in tumor immunity. CD45+ EPCs are potent myeloid-derived suppressor cell-like immunosuppressants that reduce the patient's antitumor immune response. CD45- EPCs promote tumor invasion and metastasis by secreting artemin. A specific type of EPC also promotes angiogenesis and provides radiation protection. Therefore, EPCs may be involved in tumor growth, infiltration, and metastasis. It may also be an important cause of anti-angiogenesis and immunotherapy resistance. This review summarizes recent research advances in erythropoiesis, EPC features, and their impacts and processes on tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People’s Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China,Department of Oncology, The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People’s Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China,Postgraduate Department of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Guang-zhi Wan
- Department of Oncology, The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People’s Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yu-ying Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People’s Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People’s Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jing-Zhi Guan
- Department of Oncology, The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People’s Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Galdos FX, Xu S, Goodyer WR, Duan L, Huang YV, Lee S, Zhu H, Lee C, Wei N, Lee D, Wu SM. devCellPy is a machine learning-enabled pipeline for automated annotation of complex multilayered single-cell transcriptomic data. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5271. [PMID: 36071107 PMCID: PMC9452519 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A major informatic challenge in single cell RNA-sequencing analysis is the precise annotation of datasets where cells exhibit complex multilayered identities or transitory states. Here, we present devCellPy a highly accurate and precise machine learning-enabled tool that enables automated prediction of cell types across complex annotation hierarchies. To demonstrate the power of devCellPy, we construct a murine cardiac developmental atlas from published datasets encompassing 104,199 cells from E6.5-E16.5 and train devCellPy to generate a cardiac prediction algorithm. Using this algorithm, we observe a high prediction accuracy (>90%) across multiple layers of annotation and across de novo murine developmental data. Furthermore, we conduct a cross-species prediction of cardiomyocyte subtypes from in vitro-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells and unexpectedly uncover a predominance of left ventricular (LV) identity that we confirmed by an LV-specific TBX5 lineage tracing system. Together, our results show devCellPy to be a useful tool for automated cell prediction across complex cellular hierarchies, species, and experimental systems. A major informatic challenge in single cell RNA-sequencing analysis is the precise annotation of datasets where cells exhibit complex multilayered identities or transitory states. Here the authors present devCellPy, a Python-based package that enables the automated prediction of cell types across complex cellular hierarchies, species, and experimental systems with high accuracy, particularly for developmental scRNA-seq datasets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco X Galdos
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Sidra Xu
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - William R Goodyer
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Lauren Duan
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yuhsin V Huang
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Soah Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Convergence, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Han Zhu
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Carissa Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Wei
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean M Wu
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA. .,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Deng J, Jiang R, Meng E, Wu H. CXCL5: A coachman to drive cancer progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:944494. [PMID: 35978824 PMCID: PMC9376318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.944494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can recruit and activate chemotactic cells. C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) is a member of the chemokine family binding CXCR2 (C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2), a G-protein coupled receptor. Accumulated evidence has shown that dysregulated CXCL5 participates in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis in human malignant tumors. In this review, we summarized the advances in research on CXCL5, including its dysregulation in different tumors and the mechanism associated with tumor behavior (formation of the immunosuppressive microenvironment, promotion of tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis). We also summarized and discussed the perspective about the potential application of CXCL5 in tumor therapy targeting the tumor inflammatory microenvironment.
Collapse
|
17
|
Dokic I, Meister S, Bojcevski J, Tessonnier T, Walsh D, Knoll M, Mein S, Tang Z, Vogelbacher L, Rittmueller C, Moustafa M, Krunic D, Brons S, Haberer T, Debus J, Mairani A, Abdollahi A. Neuroprotective Effects of Ultra-High Dose Rate FLASH Bragg Peak Proton Irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022; 113:614-623. [PMID: 35196536 PMCID: PMC11034835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate brain tissue response to ultra-high dose rate (uHDR, FLASH) and standard dose rate (SDR) proton irradiations in the Bragg peak region. METHODS AND MATERIALS Active scanning uHDR delivery was established for proton beams for investigation of dose rate effects between clinical SDR and uHDR at ∼10 Gy in the Bragg peak region (dose-averaged linear energy transfer [LETD] ranging from 4.5 to 10.2 keV µm-1 ). Radiation- induced injury of neuronal tissue was assessed by studying the DNA double strand break repair kinetics surrogated by nuclear γH2AX staining (radiation induced foci [RIF]), microvascular density and structural integrity (MVD, CD31+ endothelium), and inflammatory microenvironmental response (CD68+ microglia/macrophages and high mobility group box protein 1[HMGB]) in healthy C57BL/6 mouse brains. RESULTS Averaged dose rates achieved were 0.17 Gy/s (SDR) and 120 Gy/s (uHDR). The fraction of RIF-positive cells increased after SDR ∼10-fold, whereas a significantly lower fraction of RIF-positive cells was found after uHDR versus SDR (∼2 fold, P < .0001). Moreover, uHDR substantially preserved the microvascular architecture and reduced microglia/macrophage regulated associated inflammation as compared with SDR. CONCLUSIONS The feasibility of uHDR raster scanning proton irradiation is demonstrated to elicit FLASH sparing neuroprotective effects compared to SDR in a preclinical in vivo model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Dokic
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sarah Meister
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jovana Bojcevski
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Dietrich Walsh
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Knoll
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stewart Mein
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zili Tang
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Vogelbacher
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Rittmueller
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Clinical Pathology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Damir Krunic
- Light Microscopy Facility, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Brons
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Haberer
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Mairani
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
| | - Amir Abdollahi
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang LH, Chang CC, Cheng CY, Liang YJ, Pei D, Sun JT, Chen YL. MCRS1 Expression Regulates Tumor Activity and Affects Survival Probability of Patients with Gastric Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061502. [PMID: 35741311 PMCID: PMC9221628 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Surgery remains the first-choice treatment. Chemotherapy is considered in the middle and advanced stages, but has limited success. Microspherule protein 1 (MCRS1, also known as MSP58) is a protein originally identified in the nucleus and cytoplasm that is involved in the cell cycle. High expression of MCRS1 increases tumor growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. The mechanistic relationships between MCSR1 and proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) remain to be elucidated. We clarified these relationships using immunostaining of tumor tissues and normal tissues from patients with gastric cancer. High MCRS1 expression in gastric cancer positively correlated with Ki-67, Caspase3, CD31, Fibronectin, pAKT, and pAMPK. The hazard ratio of high MCRS1 expression was 2.44 times that of low MCRS1 expression, negatively impacting patient survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Han Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan; (L.-H.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chih-Chun Chang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan;
| | - Chiao-Yin Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan; (L.-H.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Jen Liang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan;
| | - Dee Pei
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan;
| | - Jen-Tang Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220, Taiwan; (L.-H.W.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.-T.S.); (Y.-L.C.); Tel.: +886-2-7728-1843 (J.-T.S.); +886-2-8792-3311 (ext. 16756) (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-T.S.); (Y.-L.C.); Tel.: +886-2-7728-1843 (J.-T.S.); +886-2-8792-3311 (ext. 16756) (Y.-L.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Overexpression of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 protects from asymmetric dimethylarginine-induced endothelial dysfunction and aortic remodeling. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9381. [PMID: 35672381 PMCID: PMC9174227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are associated with an increased risk of mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. ADMA can be metabolized by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases (DDAHs) and by alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2). Deletion of DDAH1 in mice leads to elevation of ADMA in plasma and increase in blood pressure, while overexpression of human DDAH1 is associated with a lower plasma ADMA concentration and protective cardiovascular effects. The possible role of alternative metabolism of ADMA by AGXT2 remains to be elucidated. The goal of the current study was to test the hypothesis that transgenic overexpression of AGXT2 leads to lowering of plasma levels of ADMA and protection from vascular damage in the setting of DDAH1 deficiency. We generated transgenic mice (TG) with ubiquitous overexpression of AGXT2. qPCR and Western Blot confirmed the expression of the transgene. Systemic ADMA levels were decreased by 15% in TG mice. In comparison with wild type animals plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylguanidino valeric acid (ADGV), the AGXT2 associated metabolite of ADMA, were six times higher. We crossed AGXT2 TG mice with DDAH1 knockout mice and observed that upregulation of AGXT2 lowers plasma ADMA and pulse pressure and protects the mice from endothelial dysfunction and adverse aortic remodeling. Upregulation of AGXT2 led to lowering of ADMA levels and protection from ADMA-induced vascular damage in the setting of DDAH1 deficiency. This is especially important, because all the efforts to develop pharmacological ADMA-lowering interventions by means of upregulation of DDAHs have been unsuccessful.
Collapse
|
20
|
Fu X, Almenglo C, Fernandez ÁL, Martínez-Cereijo JM, Iglesias-Alvarez D, Duran-Muñoz D, García-Caballero T, Gonzalez-Juanatey JR, Rodriguez-Mañero M, Eiras S. The Effect of Mineralocorticoid Receptor 3 Antagonists on Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Fatty Acid Transport Profile in Patients with Heart Failure. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081264. [PMID: 35455943 PMCID: PMC9027091 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epicardial fat thickness is associated with cardiovascular disease. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), a pharmaceutical treatment for CVD, was found to have an effect on adipose tissue. Our aim was to analyse the main epicardial fat genesis and inflammation-involved cell markers and their regulation by risk factors and MRA. We included blood and epicardial or subcutaneous fat (EAT or SAT) from 71 patients undergoing heart surgery and blood from 66 patients with heart failure. Cell types (transcripts or proteins) were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction or immunohistochemistry. Plasma proteins were analysed by Luminex technology or enzyme-linked immunoassay. Our results showed an upregulation of fatty acid transporter levels after aldosterone-induced genesis. The MRA intake was the main factor associated with lower levels in epicardial fat. On the contrary, MRA upregulated the levels and its secretion of the anti-inflammatory marker intelectin 1 and reduced the proliferation of epicardial fibroblasts. Our results have shown the local MRA intake effect on fatty acid transporters and anti-inflammatory marker levels and the proliferation rate on epicardial fat fibroblasts. They suggest the role of MRA on epicardial fat genesis and remodelling in patients with cardiovascular disease. Translational perspective: the knowledge of epicardial fat genesis and its modulation by drugs might be useful for improving the treatments of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Fu
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Cristina Almenglo
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.A.); (D.I.-A.); (J.R.G.-J.)
| | - Ángel Luis Fernandez
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.L.F.); (J.M.M.-C.); (D.D.-M.)
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Martínez-Cereijo
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.L.F.); (J.M.M.-C.); (D.D.-M.)
| | - Diego Iglesias-Alvarez
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.A.); (D.I.-A.); (J.R.G.-J.)
| | - Darío Duran-Muñoz
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.L.F.); (J.M.M.-C.); (D.D.-M.)
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás García-Caballero
- Morphological Sciences Department, Medicine Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela and Pathology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Jose Ramón Gonzalez-Juanatey
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.A.); (D.I.-A.); (J.R.G.-J.)
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Moises Rodriguez-Mañero
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-M.); (S.E.); Tel.: +34-616903275 (M.R.-M.); +34-981955074 (S.E.)
| | - Sonia Eiras
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- CIBERCV Madrid, Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-M.); (S.E.); Tel.: +34-616903275 (M.R.-M.); +34-981955074 (S.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chemerin Effect on the Endometrial Proteome of the Domestic Pig during Implantation Obtained by LC-MS/MS Analysis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071161. [PMID: 35406725 PMCID: PMC8997736 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin (CHEM) is a hormone mainly expressed in adipocytes involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis and inflammatory response. CHEM expression has been demonstrated in the structures of the porcine hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, as well as in the uterus, trophoblasts and conceptuses of pigs. In this study, we performed high-throughput proteomic analyses (liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS/MS) to examine the influence of CHEM (400 ng/mL) on differentially regulated proteins (DRPs) in the porcine endometrial tissue explants during implantation (15 to 16 days of gestation). Among all 352 DRPs, 164 were up-regulated and 188 were down-regulated in CHEM-treated group. DRPs were assigned to 47 gene ontology (GO) terms (p-adjusted < 0.05). Validation of four DRPs (IFIT5, TGFβ1, ACO1 and PGRMC1) by Western blot analysis confirmed the veracity and accuracy of the LC-MS/MS method used in the present study. We suggest that CHEM, by modulating various protein expressions, takes part in the endometrial cell proliferation, migration and invasion at the time of implantation. It also regulates the endometrial immune response, sensitivity to P4 and the formation of new blood vessels. Additionally, CHEM appears to be an important factor involved in endothelial cell dysfunction during the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The identification of a large number of DRPs under the influence of CHEM provides a valuable resource for understanding the molecular mechanisms of this hormone action during implantation, which is a prerequisite for better control of pig reproduction.
Collapse
|
22
|
Metcalfe S, Anselmi N, Escobar A, Visser MB, Kay JG. Innate Phagocyte Polarization in the Oral Cavity. Front Immunol 2022; 12:768479. [PMID: 35069541 PMCID: PMC8770816 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.768479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is a complex environment constantly exposed to antigens from food and the oral microbiota. Innate immune cells play an essential role in maintaining health and homeostasis in the oral environment. However, these cells also play a significant role in disease progression. This review will focus on two innate phagocytes in the oral cavity: macrophages and neutrophils, and examine their roles during homeostasis and disease development, with a focus on periodontal disease and cancer. Macrophages have a well-known ability to polarize and be activated towards a variety of phenotypes. Several studies have found that macrophages’ polarization changes can play an essential role in maintaining health in the oral cavity and contribute to disease. Recent data also finds that neutrophils display phenotypic heterogeneity in the oral cavity. In both cases, we focus on what is known about how these cellular changes alter these immune cells’ interactions with the oral microbiota, including how such changes can lead to worsening, rather than improving, disease states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Metcalfe
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Natalie Anselmi
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Alejandro Escobar
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michelle B Visser
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jason G Kay
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liao D, Sundlov J, Zhu J, Mei H, Hu Y, Newman DK, Newman PJ. Atomic Level Dissection of the Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (PECAM-1) Homophilic Binding Interface: Implications for Endothelial Cell Barrier Function. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:193-204. [PMID: 34937389 PMCID: PMC8942131 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE PECAM-1 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) is a 130 kDa member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily that is expressed on the surfaces of platelets and leukocytes and concentrated at the intercellular junctions of confluent endothelial cell monolayers. PECAM-1 Ig domains 1 and 2 (IgD1 and IgD2) engage in homophilic interactions that support a host of vascular functions, including support of leukocyte transendothelial migration and the maintenance of endothelial junctional integrity. The recently solved crystal structure of PECAM-1 IgD1 and IgD2 revealed a number of intermolecular interfaces predicted to play important roles in stabilizing PECAM-1/PECAM-1 homophilic interactions and in formation and maintenance of endothelial cell-cell contacts. We sought to determine whether the protein interfaces implicated in the crystal structure reflect physiologically important interactions. Approach and Results: We assessed the impact of single amino acid substitutions at the interfaces between opposing PECAM-1 molecules on homophilic binding and endothelial cell function. Substitution of key residues within the IgD1-IgD1 and IgD1-IgD2 interfaces but not those within the smaller IgD2-IgD2 interface, markedly disrupted PECAM-1 homophilic binding and its downstream effector functions, including the ability of PECAM-1 to localize at endothelial cell-cell borders, mediate the formation of endothelial tubes, and restore endothelial barrier integrity. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results validate the recently described PECAM-1 IgD1/IgD2 crystal structure by demonstrating that specific residues visualized within the IgD1-IgD1 and IgD1-IgD2 interfaces of opposing molecules in the crystal are required for functionally important homophilic interactions. This information can now be exploited to modulate functions of PECAM-1 in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danying Liao
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI,Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jesse Sundlov
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jieqing Zhu
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI,Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Heng Mei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Debra K. Newman
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI,Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,Department of Microbiology Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,Department of The Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Peter J. Newman
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI,Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China,Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,Department of The Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vinci R, Pedicino D, Bonanni A, d'Aiello A, Pisano E, Ponzo M, Severino A, Ciampi P, Canonico F, Russo G, Di Sario M, Vergallo R, Filomia S, Montone RA, Flego D, Stefanini L, Piacentini R, Conte C, Cribari F, Massetti M, Crea F, Liuzzo G. Monocyte-Platelet Aggregates Triggered by CD31 Molecule in Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Clinical Implications in Plaque Rupture. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:741221. [PMID: 35146002 PMCID: PMC8821091 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.741221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent innovations in cardiovascular care, atherothrombosis is still a major complication of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We evaluated the involvement of the CD31 molecule in thrombotic risk through the formation of monocyte-platelet (Mo-Plt) aggregates in patients with ACS with no-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) on top of dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT). We enrolled 19 control (CTRL) subjects, 46 stable angina (SA), and 86 patients with NSTEMI, of which, 16 with Intact Fibrous Cap (IFC) and 19 with Ruptured Fibrous Cap (RFC) as assessed by the Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). The expression of CD31 on monocytes and platelets was measured. Following the coronary angiography, 52 NSTEMIs were further stratified according to thrombus grade (TG) evaluation. Finally, a series of ex vivo experiments verified whether the CD31 participates in Mo-Plt aggregate formation. In patients with NSTEMI, CD31 was reduced on monocytes and was increased on platelets, especially in NSTEMI presented with RFC plaques compared to those with IFC lesions, and in patients with high TG compared to those with zero/low TG. Ex vivo experiments documented an increase in Mo-Plt aggregates among NSTEMI, which significantly decreased after the CD31 ligation, particularly in patients with RFC plaques. In NSTEMI, CD31 participates in Mo-Plt aggregate formation in spite of optimal therapy and DAPT, suggesting the existence of alternative thrombotic pathways, as predominantly displayed in patients with RFC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Vinci
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Daniela Pedicino
| | - Alice Bonanni
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia d'Aiello
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenia Pisano
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Myriana Ponzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Severino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Ciampi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Canonico
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Russo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Di Sario
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Vergallo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Filomia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Antonio Montone
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Flego
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Stefanini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Piacentini
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Conte
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Cribari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lee MH, Perl DP, Steiner J, Pasternack N, Li W, Maric D, Safavi F, Horkayne-Szakaly I, Jones R, Stram MN, Moncur JT, Hefti M, Folkerth RD, Nath A. OUP accepted manuscript. Brain 2022; 145:2555-2568. [PMID: 35788639 PMCID: PMC9278212 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms by which severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to acute and long-term neurological manifestations remains obscure. We aimed to characterize the neuropathological changes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and determine the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. In this autopsy study of the brain, we characterized the vascular pathology, the neuroinflammatory changes and cellular and humoral immune responses by immunohistochemistry. All patients died during the first wave of the pandemic from March to July 2020. All patients were adults who died after a short duration of the infection, some had died suddenly with minimal respiratory involvement. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed on ante-mortem or post-mortem testing. Descriptive analysis of the pathological changes and quantitative analyses of the infiltrates and vascular changes were performed. All patients had multifocal vascular damage as determined by leakage of serum proteins into the brain parenchyma. This was accompanied by widespread endothelial cell activation. Platelet aggregates and microthrombi were found adherent to the endothelial cells along vascular lumina. Immune complexes with activation of the classical complement pathway were found on the endothelial cells and platelets. Perivascular infiltrates consisted of predominantly macrophages and some CD8+ T cells. Only rare CD4+ T cells and CD20+ B cells were present. Astrogliosis was also prominent in the perivascular regions. Microglial nodules were predominant in the hindbrain, which were associated with focal neuronal loss and neuronophagia. Antibody-mediated cytotoxicity directed against the endothelial cells is the most likely initiating event that leads to vascular leakage, platelet aggregation, neuroinflammation and neuronal injury. Therapeutic modalities directed against immune complexes should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Hwa Lee
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel P Perl
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Joseph Steiner
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas Pasternack
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wenxue Li
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dragan Maric
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Farinaz Safavi
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Robert Jones
- The Joint Pathology Center, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Michelle N Stram
- Office of Chief Medical Examiner, and Department of Forensic Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Joel T Moncur
- The Joint Pathology Center, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Marco Hefti
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Rebecca D Folkerth
- Office of Chief Medical Examiner, and Department of Forensic Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Avindra Nath
- Correspondence to: Avindra Nath MD Bldg 10; Room 7C-103; 10 Center Drive Bethesda, MD 20892, USA E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CD31) Is Essential for Clostridium perfringens Beta-Toxin Mediated Cytotoxicity in Human Endothelial and Monocytic Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120893. [PMID: 34941730 PMCID: PMC8703487 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta toxin (CPB) is a small hemolysin beta pore-forming toxin (β-PFT) produced by Clostridium perfringens type C. It plays a central role in the pathogenesis of necro-hemorrhagic enteritis in young animals and humans via targeting intestinal endothelial cells. We recently identified the membrane protein CD31 (PECAM-1) as the receptor for CPB on mouse endothelial cells. We now assess the role of CD31 in CPB cytotoxicity against human endothelial and monocytic cells using a CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout and an antibody blocking approach. CD31 knockout human endothelial and monocytic cells were resistant to CPB and CPB oligomers only formed in CD31-expressing cells. CD31 knockout endothelial and monocytic cells could be selectively enriched out of a polyclonal cell population by exposing them to CPB. Moreover, antibody mediated blocking of the extracellular Ig6 domain of CD31 abolished CPB cytotoxicity and oligomer formation in endothelial and monocytic cells. In conclusion, this study confirms the role of CD31 as a receptor of CPB on human endothelial and monocytic cells. Specific interaction with the CD31 molecule can thus explain the cell type specificity of CPB observed in vitro and corresponds to in vivo observations in naturally diseased animals.
Collapse
|
27
|
Jadaun PK, Chatterjee S. COVID-19 and dys-regulation of pulmonary endothelium: implications for vascular remodeling. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 63:69-77. [PMID: 34728151 PMCID: PMC9611904 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19),
the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2,
has claimed more than 4.4 million lives worldwide (as of 20 August 2021).
Severe cases of the disease often result in respiratory distress due to
cytokine storm, and mechanical ventilation is required. Although, the
lungs are the primary organs affected by the disease, more evidence on
damage to the heart, kidney, and liver is emerging. A common link in
these connections is the cardiovascular network. Inner lining of the
blood vessels, called endothelium, is formed by a single layer of
endothelial cells. Several clinical manifestations involving the
endothelium have been reported, such as its activation via
immunomodulation, endotheliitis, thrombosis, vasoconstriction, and
distinct intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA), a unique and rapid process of
blood-vessel formation by splitting a vessel into two lumens. In fact,
the virus directly infects the endothelium via TMPRSS2 spike glycoprotein
priming to facilitate ACE-2-mediated viral entry. Recent studies have
indicated a significant increase in remodeling of the pulmonary vascular
bed via intussusception in patients with COVID-19. However, the lack of
circulatory biomarkers for IA limits its detection in COVID-19
pathogenesis. In this review, we describe the implications of
angiogenesis in COVID-19, unique features of the pulmonary vascular bed
and its remodeling, and a rapid and non-invasive assessment of IA to
overcome the technical limitations in patients with
COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavitra K Jadaun
- Hepatology, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Burdwan, Golap Bag Campus, Burdwan, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
78495111110.1152/physrev.00046.2020" />
Abstract
This medical review addresses the hypothesis that CD38/NADase is at the center of a functional axis (i.e., intracellular Ca2+ mobilization/IFNγ response/reactive oxygen species burst) driven by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, as already verified in respiratory syncytial virus pathology and CD38 activity in other cellular settings. Key features of the hypothesis are that 1) the substrates of CD38 (e.g., NAD+ and NADP+) are depleted by viral-induced metabolic changes; 2) the products of the enzymatic activity of CD38 [e.g., cyclic adenosine diphosphate-ribose (ADPR)/ADPR/nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate] and related enzymes [e.g., poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase, Sirtuins, and ADP-ribosyl hydrolase] are involved in the anti‐viral and proinflammatory response that favors the onset of lung immunopathology (e.g., cytokine storm and organ fibrosis); and 3) the pathological changes induced by this kinetic mechanism may be reduced by distinct modulators of the CD38/NAD+ axis (e.g., CD38 blockers, NAD+ suppliers, among others). This view is supported by arrays of associative basic and applied research data that are herein discussed and integrated with conclusions reported by others in the field of inflammatory, immune, tumor, and viral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto L. Horenstein
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo C. Faini
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Niu Y, Stadler FJ, Fang J, Galluzzi M. Hyaluronic acid-functionalized poly-lactic acid (PLA) microfibers regulate vascular endothelial cell proliferation and phenotypic shape expression. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 206:111970. [PMID: 34280683 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This work was designed to evaluate the efficacy of hyaluronic acid (HA) functionalized tubular poly-lactic acid (PLA) microfibers in directing the luminal pre-endothelialization of vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Tubular HA/PLA microfibers with hierarchical architecture were prepared by electrospinning and chemical cross-linking process. A layer of HA microfibrous film coating was fixed on the inner wall surface of the tubular HA/PLA microfibers, resulting in higher anisotropy wettability and relatively lower surface energy and roughness. We confirmed that HA coating on PLA microfibers surface have reduced hemolytic activity and coagulation degree. Mouse vascular ECs exhibited surface-dependent differences in cell elongation and proliferation (HA/PLA > PLA). Compared with PLA microfibers, the gene expression levels of platelet EC adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in ECs of HA/PLA microfibers surface were up-regulated. Immunostaining analysis revealed that the surface of HA/PLA nanofibers supported the expression of mature vascular EC phenotype CD31 protein. In vitro co-culture analysis showed that the luminal pre-endothelialization induced vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) to maintain their phenotypic shape and establish natural behavior patterns in the hierarchical tubular scaffold. These studies indicate that the biophysical cues of scaffolds are potent regulators of vascular EC endothelialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Niu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Florian J Stadler
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Jiahui Fang
- Materials Interfaces Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Massimiliano Galluzzi
- Materials Interfaces Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Niu Y, Galluzzi M. Hyaluronic Acid/Collagen Nanofiber Tubular Scaffolds Support Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Phenotypic Shape and Endothelialization. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2334. [PMID: 34578649 PMCID: PMC8471775 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we designed and synthetized artificial vascular scaffolds based on nanofibers of collagen functionalized with hyaluronic acid (HA) in order to direct the phenotypic shape, proliferation, and complete endothelization of mouse primary aortic endothelial cells (PAECs). Layered tubular HA/collagen nanofibers were prepared using electrospinning and crosslinking process. The obtained scaffold is composed of a thin inner layer and a thick outer layer that structurally mimic the layer the intima and media layers of the native blood vessels, respectively. Compared with the pure tubular collagen nanofibers, the surface of HA functionalized collagen nanofibers has higher anisotropic wettability and mechanical flexibility. HA/collagen nanofibers can significantly promote the elongation, proliferation and phenotypic shape expression of PAECs. In vitro co-culture of mouse PAECs and their corresponding smooth muscle cells (SMCs) showed that the luminal endothelialization governs the biophysical integrity of the newly formed extracellular matrix (e.g., collagen and elastin fibers) and structural remodeling of SMCs. Furthermore, in vitro hemocompatibility assays indicated that HA/collagen nanofibers have no detectable degree of hemolysis and coagulation, suggesting their promise as engineered vascular implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Niu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Massimiliano Galluzzi
- Materials Interfaces Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Elnaggar M, Hasan ML, Bhang SH, Joung YK. Endothelial Cell-Derived Tethered Lipid Bilayers Generating Nitric Oxide for Endovascular Implantation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6381-6393. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elnaggar
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Lemon Hasan
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305−333, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ki Joung
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305−333, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Latifi-Navid H, Soheili ZS, Samiei S, Sadeghi M, Taghizadeh S, Pirmardan ER, Ahmadieh H. Network analysis and the impact of Aflibercept on specific mediators of angiogenesis in HUVEC cells. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8285-8299. [PMID: 34250732 PMCID: PMC8419159 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, inflammation and endothelial cells’ migration and proliferation exert fundamental roles in different diseases. However, more studies are needed to identify key proteins and pathways involved in these processes. Aflibercept has received the approval of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of wet AMD and colorectal cancer. Moreover, the effect of Aflibercept on VEGFR2 downstream signalling pathways has not been investigated yet. Here, we integrated text mining data, protein‐protein interaction networks and multi‐experiment microarray data to specify candidate genes that are involved in VEGFA/VEGFR2 signalling pathways. Network analysis of candidate genes determined the importance of the nominated genes via different centrality parameters. Thereupon, several genes—with the highest centrality indexes—were recruited to investigate the impact of Aflibercept on their expression pattern in HUVEC cells. Real‐time PCR was performed, and relative expression of the specific genes revealed that Aflibercept modulated angiogenic process by VEGF/PI3KA/AKT/mTOR axis, invasion by MMP14/MMP9 axis and inflammation‐related angiogenesis by IL‐6‐STAT3 axis. Data showed Aflibercept simultaneously affected these processes and determined the nominated axes that had been affected by the drug. Furthermore, integrating the results of Aflibercept on expression of candidate genes with the current network analysis suggested that resistance against the Aflibercept effect is a plausible process in HUVEC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra-Soheila Soheili
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Samiei
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.,School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Taghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ranaei Pirmardan
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Molecular Biomarkers Nano-Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sharma P, Sachdeva MUS, Kumar N, Bose S, Bose P, Uppal V, Malhotra P, Bansal D, Varma N, Ahluwalia J. A comparative study between light transmission aggregometry and flow cytometric platelet aggregation test for the identification of platelet function defects in patients with bleeding. Blood Res 2021; 56:109-118. [PMID: 34187944 PMCID: PMC8246037 DOI: 10.5045/br.2021.2020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet aggregation studies using conventional light transmission aggregometry (LTA) have several disadvantages and require strict pre-analytical measures for reliable results. We aimed to examine the utility of flow cytometric platelet aggregation (FCA) assay in detecting platelet function defects (PFDs) in patients with a history of bleeding symptoms. Methods Sixty-four participants (24 patients and 40 healthy controls) were included in this study. LTA and FCA assay were performed simultaneously in patients and healthy controls. In the FCA assay, two portions of platelets from the same individual were labeled separately with CD31-FITC and CD31-PE. After mixing and stimulation with agonists, the double-colored platelet aggregates were visualized using a flow cytometer. The results generated using the two techniques were compared and correlated. Results The patients’ median age was 17 years (range, 3‒72 yr) with a male-to-female ratio of 11.7. There was substantial agreement between LTA and FCA assay in detecting a PFD (k=0.792). Four patients showing a Glanzmann thrombasthenia-like pattern on LTA exhibited an abnormal FCA. A functional defect in collagen binding was detected on the FCA assay conducted in two immune thrombocytopenic patients with severe bleeding. Conclusion FCA assay can be used to identify functional defects in platelets, with potential applications in thrombocytopenic individuals. It also facilitates the diagnosis of inherited bleeding disorders with platelet defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Sharma
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Man Updesh Singh Sachdeva
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Narender Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil Bose
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parveen Bose
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Varun Uppal
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Clinical Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepak Bansal
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelam Varma
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jasmina Ahluwalia
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Aoki K, Kurashige M, Ichii M, Higaki K, Sugiyama T, Kaito T, Ando W, Sugano N, Sakai T, Shibayama H, Takaori-Kondo A, Morii E, Kanakura Y, Nagasawa T. Identification of CXCL12-abundant reticular cells in human adult bone marrow. Br J Haematol 2021; 193:659-668. [PMID: 33837967 PMCID: PMC8252541 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A population of mesenchymal stem cells, termed CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)12‐abundant reticular (CAR) cells or leptin receptor‐expressing cells, are the major cellular component of niches for haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in murine bone marrow. CAR cells are characterized by several salient features, including much higher expression of CXCL12, stem cell factor (SCF), forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) and early B‐cell factor 3 (EBF3), which are essential for HSC maintenance, than other cells. However, the human counterpart of CAR cells has not been fully described. Here, we show the presence of cells expressing much higher CXCL12 than other cells in human adult bone marrow using a flow cytometry‐based in situ technique that enables high‐throughput detection of mRNA at single‐cell resolution. Most CXCL12hi cells expressed high levels of SCF, FOXC1 and EBF3 and had the potential to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. Histologically, the nuclei of CXCL12hi cells were identified and quantified by EBF3 expression in fixed marrow sections. CXCL12hi cells sorted from residual bone marrow aspirates of chronic myeloid leukaemia patients expressed reduced levels of CXCL12, SCF, FOXC1 and EBF3 in correlation with increased leukaemic burden. Together, we identified the human counterpart of CAR cells, enabling the evaluation of their alterations in various haematological disorders by flow cytometric and histological analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Aoki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier International Research Center (WPI), Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Laboratory of Stem Cell Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masako Kurashige
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Michiko Ichii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kei Higaki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier International Research Center (WPI), Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier International Research Center (WPI), Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Wataru Ando
- Department of Orthopedic Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Sugano
- Department of Orthopedic Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Shibayama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Morii
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Kanakura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Sumitomo Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, World Premier International Research Center (WPI), Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Werra UEM, Petzold PT. Epithelioid Angiosarcoma of the Popliteal Artery- Primary or Secondary? A Rare Disease Entity Difficult to Diagnose and Easily Overlooked-Literature Research and Case report. Ann Vasc Surg 2021; 74:524.e1-524.e7. [PMID: 33831522 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The popliteal artery is a common site of aneurysm formation, whereas sarcomas of the vascular system are very rare. The diagnosis is very difficult to establish. During our literature research we found only seven reports about angiosarcomas of the popliteal artery. Four of them were associated with aneurysms. Because of the poor prognosis early diagnosis is the key to successful treatment. REPORT We present a well-documented case of an 83-year-old patient with an angiosarcoma of the popliteal artery diagnosed as a popliteal artery aneurysm at first. CONCLUSION It is important to think of this rare, highly aggressive tumor entity. Especially the aneurysms that need revision surgery should cause suspicion- histological samples from the aneurysm wall should always be taken.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Thomas Petzold
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Saarbruecken, Saarbruecken, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
This medical review addresses the hypothesis that CD38/NADase is at the center of a functional axis (i.e., intracellular Ca2+ mobilization/IFNγ response/reactive oxygen species burst) driven by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, as already verified in respiratory syncytial virus pathology and CD38 activity in other cellular settings. Key features of the hypothesis are that 1) the substrates of CD38 (e.g., NAD+ and NADP+) are depleted by viral-induced metabolic changes; 2) the products of the enzymatic activity of CD38 [e.g., cyclic adenosine diphosphate-ribose (ADPR)/ADPR/nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate] and related enzymes [e.g., poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase, Sirtuins, and ADP-ribosyl hydrolase] are involved in the anti‐viral and proinflammatory response that favors the onset of lung immunopathology (e.g., cytokine storm and organ fibrosis); and 3) the pathological changes induced by this kinetic mechanism may be reduced by distinct modulators of the CD38/NAD+ axis (e.g., CD38 blockers, NAD+ suppliers, among others). This view is supported by arrays of associative basic and applied research data that are herein discussed and integrated with conclusions reported by others in the field of inflammatory, immune, tumor, and viral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto L Horenstein
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo C Faini
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Murai H, Shibuya M, Kishita R, Sunase C, Tamura K, Saito D. Envelopment by endothelial cells initiates translocation of avian primordial germ cell into vascular tissue. Dev Dyn 2021; 250:1410-1419. [PMID: 33745206 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In avian species, primordial germ cells (PGCs) migrate to the gonadal primordium through the vascular system. Because this mode of migration is reminiscent of cancer metastasis, it would be useful to elucidate the mechanisms underlying PGC migration via the bloodstream. Here, we sought to determine when, where, and how PGCs enter the vascular network by double visualization of PGCs and endothelial cells (ECs) in tie1:H2B-eYFP transgenic quails. RESULTS In the left and right lateral germinal crescent regions corresponding to the anterior-most area vasculosa, more than 60% of PGCs were enveloped by differentiating ECs forming blood islands prior to vascular network formation. Cell morphology analysis suggested that the PGC-EC interaction was instructed by differentiating ECs. At a later developmental stage, ECs anastomosed to form a vascular network with a lumen that retained PGCs within it. As a consequence, many PGCs localized within the luminal space of the mature vascular network at later stages. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that the major type of avian PGC translocation into vascular tissue is not a typical intravasation, as performed by types of metastatic cancer cells, but rather a passive translocation (envelopment) mediated by differentiating ECs during early vasculogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Murai
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Minami Shibuya
- Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kishita
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sunase
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Tamura
- Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saito
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Mdkhana B, Al Heialy S, Alsafar HS, Hamoudi R, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Enhanced expression of immune checkpoint receptors during SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 20:109-121. [PMID: 33200082 PMCID: PMC7658590 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The immune system is tightly regulated by the activity of stimulatory and inhibitory immune receptors. This immune homeostasis is usually disturbed during chronic viral infection. Using publicly available transcriptomic datasets, we conducted in silico analyses to evaluate the expression pattern of 38 selected immune inhibitory receptors (IRs) associated with different myeloid and lymphoid immune cells during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Our analyses revealed a pattern of overall upregulation of IR mRNA during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A large number of IRs expressed on both lymphoid and myeloid cells were upregulated in nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs), while lymphoid-associated IRs were specifically upregulated in autopsies, reflecting severe, terminal stage COVID-19 disease. Eight genes (BTLA, LAG3, FCGR2B, PDCD1, CEACAM1, CTLA4, CD72, and SIGLEC7), shared by NPSs and autopsies, were more expressed in autopsies and were directly correlated with viral levels. Single-cell data from blood and bronchoalveolar samples also reflected the observed association between IR upregulation and disease severity. Moreover, compared to SARS-CoV-1, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus infections, the number and intensities of upregulated IRs were higher in SARS-CoV-2 infections. In conclusion, the immunopathology and severity of COVID-19 could be attributed to dysregulation of different immune inhibitors. Targeting one or more of these immune inhibitors could represent an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of COVID-19 early and late immune dysregulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bushra Mdkhana
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saba Al Heialy
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Healthy Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Habiba S. Alsafar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Healthy Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Soriano Jerez EM, Gibbins JM, Hughes CE. Targeting platelet inhibition receptors for novel therapies: PECAM-1 and G6b-B. Platelets 2021; 32:761-769. [PMID: 33646086 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1882668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
While current oral antiplatelet therapies benefit many patients, they deregulate the hemostatic balance leaving patients at risk of systemic side-effects such as hemorrhage. Dual antiplatelet treatment is the standard approach, combining aspirin with P2Y12 blockers. These therapies mainly target autocrine activation mechanisms (TxA2, ADP) and, more recently, the use of thrombin or thrombin receptor antagonists have been added to the available approaches. Recent efforts to develop new classes of anti-platelet drugs have begun to focus on primary platelet activation pathways such as through the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing collagen receptor GPVI/FcRγ-chain complex. There are already encouraging results from targeting GPVI, with reduced aggregation and smaller arterial thrombi, without major bleeding complications, likely due to overlapping activation signaling pathways with other receptors such as the GPIb-V-IX complex. An alternative approach to reduce platelet activation could be to inhibit this signaling pathway by targeting the inhibitory pathways intrinsic to platelets. Stimulation of endogenous negative modulators could provide more specific inhibition of platelet function, but is this feasible? In this review, we explore the potential of the two major platelet immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM)-containing inhibitory receptors, G6b-B and PECAM-1, as antithrombotic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Soriano Jerez
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Craig E Hughes
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pezhman L, Tahrani A, Chimen M. Dysregulation of Leukocyte Trafficking in Type 2 Diabetes: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Avenues. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:624184. [PMID: 33692997 PMCID: PMC7937619 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.624184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and impaired insulin signaling which in addition to be caused by common metabolic dysregulations, have also been associated to changes in various immune cell number, function and activation phenotype. Obesity plays a central role in the development of T2DM. The inflammation originating from obese adipose tissue develops systemically and contributes to insulin resistance, beta cell dysfunction and hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can also contribute to chronic, low-grade inflammation resulting in compromised immune function. In this review, we explore how the trafficking of innate and adaptive immune cells under inflammatory condition is dysregulated in T2DM. We particularly highlight the obesity-related accumulation of leukocytes in the adipose tissue leading to insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction and resulting in hyperglycemia and consequent changes of adhesion and migratory behavior of leukocytes in different vascular beds. Thus, here we discuss how potential therapeutic targeting of leukocyte trafficking could be an efficient way to control inflammation as well as diabetes and its vascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Pezhman
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abd Tahrani
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Myriam Chimen
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Skeletal Muscle Subpopulation Rearrangements upon Rhabdomyosarcoma Development through Single-Cell Mass Cytometry. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040823. [PMID: 33671425 PMCID: PMC7922544 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (eRMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma commonly affecting the head and neck, the extremities and the genitourinary tract. To contribute to revealing the cell types that may originate this tumor, we exploited mass cytometry, a single-cell technique that, by using heavy-metal-tagged antibodies, allows the accurate monitoring of the changes occurring in the mononuclear cell composition of skeletal muscle tissue during tumor development. To this end, we compared cell populations of healthy muscles with those from spatiotemporal-induced eRMS tumors in a mouse model (LSL-KrasG12D/+;Tp53Fl/Fl) that can be used to develop rhabdomyosarcoma by means of infection with an adenovirus vector expressing Cre (Ad-Cre) recombinase. By monitoring different time points after tumor induction, we were able to analyze tumor progression and composition, identifying fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) as the cell type that, in this model system, had a pivotal role in tumor development. In vitro studies highlighted that both FAPs and satellite cells (SCs), upon infection with the Ad-Cre, acquired the potential to develop rhabdomyosarcomas when transplanted into immunocompromised mice. However, only infected FAPs had an antigen profile that was similar to embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Overall, our analysis supports the involvement of FAPs in eRMS development.
Collapse
|
42
|
Li L, Huang M, Shen J, Wang Y, Wang R, Yuan C, Jiang L, Huang M. Serum Levels of Soluble Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 in COVID-19 Patients Are Associated With Disease Severity. J Infect Dis 2021; 223:178-179. [PMID: 33179035 PMCID: PMC7797759 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Li
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mingxiang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianshan Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Cai Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Longguang Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mingdong Huang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lin YT, Wang HC, Tsai MH, Su YY, Yang MY, Chien CY. Angiotensin II receptor blockers valsartan and losartan improve survival rate clinically and suppress tumor growth via apoptosis related to PI3K/AKT signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer 2021; 127:1606-1619. [PMID: 33405241 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common type of head and neck cancer in Asia. Adverse effects occur in over 90% of NPC patients treated with radiotherapy or chemoradiation. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are commonly used to treat hypertension without serious adverse effects. However, the anticancer activity of ARBs in NPC remains unclear. METHODS We investigated the survival impacts of ARBs among NPC patients in a retrospective study. The anticancer effects and related signaling pathways of the ARBs valsartan and losartan were also evaluated in vitro and in vivo. RESULT A total of 927 patients with NPC who had hypertension were enrolled in the study, 272 (29.3%) of whom received ARBs. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients who used ARBs had higher rates of 5-year overall survival (OS; 87.8% vs 75.1%; P = .002) and disease-specific survival (DSS; 95.4% vs 77.7%; P < .001) than those who did not receive this treatment. Additionally, ARBs inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by increasing levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and cytochrome C; the cell population in the sub-G1 phase; and caspase-3 activity in NPC-TW01 cells. ARBs inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis via apoptosis in an NPC xenografts model. Interestingly, ARBs inhibited phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT signaling in vitro and in vivo, which is markedly attributed to their antitumor effects in NPC. CONCLUSION These data indicate that ARBs not only improve 5-year OS and DSS among patients with NPC but also exert antiproliferative and antiangiogenesis effects by inducing apoptosis in NPC, supporting that ARBs may be promising agents for treatment of NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tsai Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ye Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yu Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Anderson-Baron M, Liang Y, Kunze M, Mulet-Sierra A, Osswald M, Ansari K, Seikaly H, Adesida AB. Suppression of Hypertrophy During in vitro Chondrogenesis of Cocultures of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Nasal Chondrocytes Correlates With Lack of in vivo Calcification and Vascular Invasion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:572356. [PMID: 33469528 PMCID: PMC7813892 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.572356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Human nasal septal chondrocytes (NC) are a promising minimally invasive derivable chondrogenic cell source for cartilage repair. However, the quality of NC-derived cartilage is variable between donors. Coculture of NC with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mitigates the variability but with undesirable markers of chondrocyte hypertrophy, such as type X collagen, and the formation of unstable calcifying cartilage at ectopic sites. In contrast, monoculture NC forms non-calcifying stable cartilage. Formation of a stable NC-MSC coculture cartilage is crucial for clinical application. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) hormone to suppress chondrocyte hypertrophy in NC-MSC cocultures and form stable non-calcifying cartilage at ectopic sites. Methods Human NC and bone marrow MSCs, and cocultures of NC and MSC (1:3 ratio) were aggregated in pellet form and subjected to in vitro chondrogenesis for 3 weeks in chondrogenic medium in the presence and absence of PTHrP. Following in vitro chondrogenesis, the resulting pellets were implanted in immunodeficient athymic nude mice for 3 weeks. Results Coculture of NC and MSC resulted in synergistic cartilage matrix production. PTHrP suppressed the expression of hypertrophy marker, type X collagen (COL10A1), in a dose-dependent fashion without affecting the synergism in cartilage matrix synthesis, and in vivo calcification was eradicated with PTHrP. In contrast, cocultured control (CC) pellets without PTHrP treatment expressed COL10A1, calcified, and became vascularized in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Anderson-Baron
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yan Liang
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Melanie Kunze
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Aillette Mulet-Sierra
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Martin Osswald
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Institute for Reconstructive Sciences in Medicine, Misericordia Community Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Khalid Ansari
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hadi Seikaly
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Adetola B Adesida
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yang Q, Ma W, Yu K, Zhang Q, Ye Z, Xia W, Li S. Oridonin Suppresses Human Gastric Cancer Growth in Vitro and in Vivo via Inhibition of VEGF, Integrin β3, and PCNA. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:1035-1045. [PMID: 32612067 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The diterpenoid oridonin is an extract from the herb Rabdosia rubescens, commonly used in Traditional Chinese medicine. Oridonin has putative inhibitory activity in many human cancers. This study continued investigations into the therapeutic potential of oridonin against gastric carcinoma, and the underlying mechanism. An in vitro 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with BGC823 cells was used to examine the cytotoxicity and apoptosis associated with oridonin treatment. RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry results showed evaluated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), integrin β3, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in BGC823 cells, or BGC823 xenografts nude mice. The inhibitory effect of oridonin was determined in vivo using the xenograft model, comparing tumor weight and volume, and calculating the tumor inhibition rate. The oridonin treatment and control groups were compared for associations between microvessel density and tumor inhibition rate, VEGF mRNA, integrin β3 mRNA, and PCNA protein. The IC50s of oridonin at 12 and 72 h were 17.08 ± 2.38 and 8.76 ± 0.90 µg/mL, respectively. VEGF protein levels dramatically decreased in a time- and dose-dependent manner with oridonin treatment. BGC823 xenograft growth was notably less in the oridonin treatment groups, responding in a dose-dependent manner. After 14 d of treatment, VEGF, integrin β3, and PCNA levels were dramatically lower, and positively correlated with CD31 levels. Oridonin was associated with inhibition of BGC823 cell growth and tumor angiogenesis, in vitro and in vivo, in a dose-and-time dependent manner with lower levels of VEGF, integrin β3, and PCNA. Oridonin is a potential candidate agent for chemotherapy of gastric carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College
| | - Wengdong Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital
| | - Kun Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College
| | - Zaiyuan Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College
| | - Wenjie Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College
| | - Shuguang Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebe North University
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Schlachtenberger G, Doerr F, Brezina A, Menghesha H, Heldwein MB, Bennink G, Menger MD, Moussavian M, Hekmat K, Wahlers T. Perigraft reaction and incorporation of porcine and bovine pericardial patches. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2020; 32:638-647. [PMID: 33313856 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivaa308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bovine and porcine pericardial patches are frequently used in cardiothoracic and vascular surgery. There are no guidelines recommending the usage of these patches for particular surgical approaches. However, these 2 materials supposedly possess different properties. The clinical advantage of porcine compared with bovine patches remains controversial. In this experimental study, we analysed the incorporation and vascularization of bovine and porcine pericardial patches during the initial phase after implantation. METHODS Bovine and porcine pericardial patches were implanted into the dorsal skinfold chamber of C57BL/6 mice (n = 8 per group) to study vascularization and inflammation at the implantation site using repetitive intravital fluorescence microscopy over a 14-day period. At the end of the in vivo experiments, CD-31-positive cells were determined to evaluate the vascularization by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, cell proliferation and apoptosis were analysed immunohistochemically. RESULTS Implanted bovine patches exhibited an enhanced vascularization, as indicated by a significantly higher number of CD-31-positive cells and micro-vessels (23.2 ± 4.3 vs 16.5 ± 5.8 mm-2; P = 0.001). Furthermore, bovine patches showed a slightly but not significantly higher functional capillary density. Both patches induced a moderate leukocytic inflammatory host tissue response, and neither bovine nor porcine patches significantly affected apoptosis and cell proliferation at the implantation site. CONCLUSIONS Bovine and porcine pericardial patches are similarly suitable for surgery. Bovine patches exhibited an improved vascularization during the first 14 days after implantation. This may result in a quicker and improved incorporation into the surrounding tissue compared with porcine pericardial patches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabian Doerr
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annamaria Brezina
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kerpenerstr 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Kirberger Strasse, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Hruy Menghesha
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias B Heldwein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerardus Bennink
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Kirberger Strasse, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Mohammed Moussavian
- Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch (CHEM), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Khosro Hekmat
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wahlers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cogswell D, Sun M, Greenberg E, Margo CE, Espana EM. Creation and grading of experimental corneal scars in mice models. Ocul Surf 2020; 19:53-62. [PMID: 33259950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a stromal wound healing model and a reliable scar classification score system that correlates photographic evaluation with changes in the structure and organization of the extracellular matrix. MATERIALS AND METHODS We tested three stromal injury techniques in adult C57BL/6 mice. Technique 1, a lineal partial thickness keratotomy in the horizontal axis. Technique 2, corneal epithelial and stromal debridement using a diamond burr in the horizontal axis, and technique 3, a combination of techniques 1 and 2. To assess intra-observer and inter-observer agreement between two examiners evaluating formed stromal scars, stereo microscopic photographs of anterior segment were scored by two masked examiners at around 1-month. Depending on the severity of opacification and the area of involvement, scars were classified on a scale from 0 to 3 based on a modified Fantes haze scale. Extracellular matrix composition as well as matrix organization, macrophage infiltration and neovascularization were evaluated with immunofluorescence and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. RESULTS Technique 1 created mild scars, with a score of 0.5 ± 0.43, while techniques 2 (score 2.1 ± 0.45) and 3 (score 2 ± 0.66), created dense scars with a higher score. A significant difference in scar severity score was noted between the 3 techniques (one way ANOVA, p < 0.0001). Masked graders demonstrated excellent agreement (intraclass correlation = 0.927 [95% confidence interval: 0.87-0.96]). The severity of scars noted at stereo microscopy correlated with the severity of changes in extracellular matrix in the stroma as demonstrated by the expression of collagens I, IV and fibronectin and evaluation of matrix hierarchical organization. In contrast to mild scarring, moderate and severe scars had increased expression of CD31 and CD68, markers of vascular endothelial cells and macrophages, respectively. CONCLUSION Mouse models of stromal scarring using simple surgical techniques are described. Corneal scars can be consistently classified by two observers. Grading of scar severity positively correlates with changes in extracellular matrix composition, disorganization and cell infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devon Cogswell
- From the Cornea, External Disease Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mei Sun
- From the Cornea, External Disease Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Erin Greenberg
- From the Cornea, External Disease Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Curtis E Margo
- From the Cornea, External Disease Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Pathology and Cell Biology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Edgar M Espana
- From the Cornea, External Disease Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Madsen SD, Giler MK, Bunnell BA, O'Connor KC. Illuminating the Regenerative Properties of Stem Cells In Vivo with Bioluminescence Imaging. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e2000248. [PMID: 33089922 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical animal studies are essential to the development of safe and effective stem cell therapies. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a powerful tool in animal studies that enables the real-time longitudinal monitoring of stem cells in vivo to elucidate their regenerative properties. This review describes the application of BLI in preclinical stem cell research to address critical challenges in producing successful stem cell therapeutics. These challenges include stem cell survival, proliferation, homing, stress response, and differentiation. The applications presented here utilize bioluminescence to investigate a variety of stem and progenitor cells in several different in vivo models of disease and implantation. An overview of luciferase reporters is provided, along with the advantages and disadvantages of BLI. Additionally, BLI is compared to other preclinical imaging modalities and potential future applications of this technology are discussed in emerging areas of stem cell research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Madsen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Margaret K Giler
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kim C O'Connor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Francisco DMF, Marchetti L, Rodríguez-Lorenzo S, Frías-Anaya E, Figueiredo RM, Winter P, Romero IA, de Vries HE, Engelhardt B, Bruggmann R. Advancing brain barriers RNA sequencing: guidelines from experimental design to publication. Fluids Barriers CNS 2020; 17:51. [PMID: 32811511 PMCID: PMC7433166 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-020-00207-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) in its varied forms has become an indispensable tool for analyzing differential gene expression and thus characterization of specific tissues. Aiming to understand the brain barriers genetic signature, RNA seq has also been introduced in brain barriers research. This has led to availability of both, bulk and single-cell RNA-Seq datasets over the last few years. If appropriately performed, the RNA-Seq studies provide powerful datasets that allow for significant deepening of knowledge on the molecular mechanisms that establish the brain barriers. However, RNA-Seq studies comprise complex workflows that require to consider many options and variables before, during and after the proper sequencing process. MAIN BODY In the current manuscript, we build on the interdisciplinary experience of the European PhD Training Network BtRAIN ( https://www.btrain-2020.eu/ ) where bioinformaticians and brain barriers researchers collaborated to analyze and establish RNA-Seq datasets on vertebrate brain barriers. The obstacles BtRAIN has identified in this process have been integrated into the present manuscript. It provides guidelines along the entire workflow of brain barriers RNA-Seq studies starting from the overall experimental design to interpretation of results. Focusing on the vertebrate endothelial blood-brain barrier (BBB) and epithelial blood-cerebrospinal-fluid barrier (BCSFB) of the choroid plexus, we provide a step-by-step description of the workflow, highlighting the decisions to be made at each step of the workflow and explaining the strengths and weaknesses of individual choices made. Finally, we propose recommendations for accurate data interpretation and on the information to be included into a publication to ensure appropriate accessibility of the data and reproducibility of the observations by the scientific community. CONCLUSION Next generation transcriptomic profiling of the brain barriers provides a novel resource for understanding the development, function and pathology of these barrier cells, which is essential for understanding CNS homeostasis and disease. Continuous advancement and sophistication of RNA-Seq will require interdisciplinary approaches between brain barrier researchers and bioinformaticians as successfully performed in BtRAIN. The present guidelines are built on the BtRAIN interdisciplinary experience and aim to facilitate collaboration of brain barriers researchers with bioinformaticians to advance RNA-Seq study design in the brain barriers community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M F Francisco
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luca Marchetti
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sabela Rodríguez-Lorenzo
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eduardo Frías-Anaya
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Ricardo M Figueiredo
- GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | | | - Ignacio Andres Romero
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Helga E de Vries
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lyu Z, Jin H, Yan Z, Hu K, Jiang H, Peng H, Zhuo H. Effects of NRP1 on angiogenesis and vascular maturity in endothelial cells are dependent on the expression of SEMA4D. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1321-1334. [PMID: 32945351 PMCID: PMC7447310 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and vascular maturation play important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor development. The expression of neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is closely associated with angiogenesis in tumors; however, the molecular mechanisms of action in angiogenesis and tumor maturation, as well as the potential clinical value of NRP1 remain unclear. The importance of NRP1 expression in tumor progression was determined using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database analysis. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments of NRP1 were performed in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) to investigate the functions in angiogenesis. CCK-8, flow cytometry, Transwell experiments and a series of in vitro experiments were used to detect cell functions. A combination of angiogenesis antibody arrays and RNA-Seq analyses were performed to reveal the proangiogenic mechanisms of action. The function of semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D) was also investigated separately. NRP1 mRNA levels were significantly increased in primary tumors compared with normal tissues based on TCGA data (P<0.01) and were associated with tumor development in patients. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments highlighted the function of NRP1 in promoting EC proliferation, motility and capillary-like tube formation and in reducing apoptosis. NRP1 overexpression led to significantly decreased EC markers (PECAM-1, angiogenin, PIGF and MMP-9) expression levels and reduced the vascular maturity. MAPK7, TPM1, RRBP1, PTPRK, HSP90A, PRKD2, PFKFB3, RGS4 and SPARC were revealed to play important roles in this process. SEMA4D was revealed to be a key protein associated with NRP1 in ECs. These data indicated that NRP1-promoted angiogenesis may be induced at the cost of reducing maturity of the ECs. NRP1 may also be a therapeutic target for antiangiogenic strategies and a candidate prognostic marker for tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Lyu
- Respiratory Department, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- Medical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China
| | - Zhijian Yan
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Keyan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Huiqin Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|