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Hu M, Feng X, Liu Q, Liu S, Huang F, Xu H. The ion channels of endomembranes. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1335-1385. [PMID: 38451235 PMCID: PMC11381013 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00025.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The endomembrane system consists of organellar membranes in the biosynthetic pathway [endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicles] as well as those in the degradative pathway (early endosomes, macropinosomes, phagosomes, autophagosomes, late endosomes, and lysosomes). These endomembrane organelles/vesicles work together to synthesize, modify, package, transport, and degrade proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, regulating the balance between cellular anabolism and catabolism. Large ion concentration gradients exist across endomembranes: Ca2+ gradients for most endomembrane organelles and H+ gradients for the acidic compartments. Ion (Na+, K+, H+, Ca2+, and Cl-) channels on the organellar membranes control ion flux in response to cellular cues, allowing rapid informational exchange between the cytosol and organelle lumen. Recent advances in organelle proteomics, organellar electrophysiology, and luminal and juxtaorganellar ion imaging have led to molecular identification and functional characterization of about two dozen endomembrane ion channels. For example, whereas IP3R1-3 channels mediate Ca2+ release from the ER in response to neurotransmitter and hormone stimulation, TRPML1-3 and TMEM175 channels mediate lysosomal Ca2+ and H+ release, respectively, in response to nutritional and trafficking cues. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of these endomembrane channels, with a focus on their subcellular localizations, ion permeation properties, gating mechanisms, cell biological functions, and disease relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqin Hu
- Department of Neurology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Liangzhu Laboratory and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Feng
- Department of Neurology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Liangzhu Laboratory and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Liu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Liangzhu Laboratory and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Liu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Liangzhu Laboratory and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangqian Huang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Liangzhu Laboratory and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxing Xu
- Department of Neurology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Liangzhu Laboratory and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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Kunzelmann K, Ousingsawat J, Schreiber R. VSI: The anoctamins: Structure and function: "Intracellular" anoctamins. Cell Calcium 2024; 120:102888. [PMID: 38657371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Plasma membrane localized anoctamin 1, 2 and 6 (TMEM16A, B, F) have been examined in great detail with respect to structure and function, but much less is known about the other seven intracellular members of this exciting family of proteins. This is probably due to their limited accessibility in intracellular membranous compartments, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or endosomes. However, these so-called intracellular anoctamins are also found in the plasma membrane (PM) which adds to the confusion regarding their cellular role. Probably all intracellular anoctamins except of ANO8 operate as intracellular phospholipid (PL) scramblases, allowing for Ca2+-activated, passive transport of phospholipids like phosphatidylserine between both membrane leaflets. Probably all of them also conduct ions, which is probably part of their physiological function. In this brief overview, we summarize key findings on the biological functions of ANO3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10 (TMEM16C, D, E, G, H, J, K) that are gradually coming to light. Compartmentalized regulation of intracellular Ca2+ signals, tethering of the ER to specific PM contact sites, and control of intracellular vesicular trafficking appear to be some of the functions of intracellular anoctamins, while loss of function and abnormal expression are the cause for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kunzelmann
- Physiological Institute, University of Regensburg, University street 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Jiraporn Ousingsawat
- Physiological Institute, University of Regensburg, University street 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- Physiological Institute, University of Regensburg, University street 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
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3
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Ismatullah H, Jabeen I, Kiani YS. Structural and functional insight into a new emerging target IP 3R in cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2170-2196. [PMID: 37070253 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2201332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling has been identified as an important phenomenon in a plethora of cellular processes. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are ER-residing intracellular calcium (Ca2+) release channels responsible for cell bioenergetics by transferring calcium from the ER to the mitochondria. The recent availability of full-length IP3R channel structure has enabled the researchers to design the IP3 competitive ligands and reveal the channel gating mechanism by elucidating the conformational changes induced by ligands. However, limited knowledge is available for IP3R antagonists and the exact mechanism of action of these antagonists within a tumorigenic environment of a cell. Here in this review a summarized information about the role of IP3R in cell proliferation and apoptosis has been discussed. Moreover, structure and gating mechanism of IP3R in the presence of antagonists have been provided in this review. Additionally, compelling information about ligand-based studies (both agonists and antagonists) has been discussed. The shortcomings of these studies and the challenges toward the design of potent IP3R modulators have also been provided in this review. However, the conformational changes induced by antagonists for channel gating mechanism still display some major drawbacks that need to be addressed. However, the design, synthesis and availability of isoform-specific antagonists is a rather challenging one due to intra-structural similarity within the binding domain of each isoform. HighlightsThe intricate complexity of IP3R's in cellular processes declares them an important target whereby, the recently solved structure depicts the receptor's potential involvement in a complex network of processes spanning from cell proliferation to cell death.Pharmacological inhibition of IP3R attenuates the proliferation or invasiveness of cancers, thus inducing necrotic cell death.Despite significant advancements, there is a tremendous need to design new potential hits to target IP3R, based upon 3D structural features and pharmacophoric patterns.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Ismatullah
- Department of Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Jabeen
- Department of Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yusra Sajid Kiani
- Department of Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Smith HA, Thillaiappan NB, Rossi AM. IP 3 receptors: An "elementary" journey from structure to signals. Cell Calcium 2023; 113:102761. [PMID: 37271052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are large tetrameric channels which sit mostly in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mediate Ca2+ release from intracellular stores in response to extracellular stimuli in almost all cells. Dual regulation of IP3Rs by IP3 and Ca2+ itself, upstream "licensing", and the arrangement of IP3Rs into small clusters in the ER membrane, allow IP3Rs to generate spatially and temporally diverse Ca2+ signals. The characteristic biphasic regulation of IP3Rs by cytosolic Ca2+ concentration underpins regenerative Ca2+ signals by Ca2+-induced Ca2+-release, while also preventing uncontrolled explosive Ca2+ release. In this way, cells can harness a simple ion such as Ca2+ as a near-universal intracellular messenger to regulate diverse cellular functions, including those with conflicting outcomes such as cell survival and cell death. High-resolution structures of the IP3R bound to IP3 and Ca2+ in different combinations have together started to unravel the workings of this giant channel. Here we discuss, in the context of recently published structures, how the tight regulation of IP3Rs and their cellular geography lead to generation of "elementary" local Ca2+ signals known as Ca2+ "puffs", which form the fundamental bottleneck through which all IP3-mediated cytosolic Ca2+ signals must first pass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly A Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ana M Rossi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom.
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Santana Nunez D, Malik AB, Lee Q, Ahn SJ, Coctecon-Murillo A, Lazarko D, Levitan I, Mehta D, Komarova YA. Piezo1 induces endothelial responses to shear stress via soluble adenylyl Cyclase-IP 3R2 circuit. iScience 2023; 26:106661. [PMID: 37168565 PMCID: PMC10164902 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) continuously sense and adapt to changes in shear stress generated by blood flow. Here, we show that the activation of the mechanosensitive channel Piezo1 by defined shear forces induces Ca2+ entry into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the ER Ca2+ ATPase pump. This entry is followed by inositol trisphosphate receptor 2 (IP3R2)-elicited ER Ca2+ release into the cytosol. The mechanism of ER Ca2+ release involves the generation of cAMP by soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), leading to IP3R2-evoked Ca2+ gating. Depleting sAC or IP3R2 prevents ER Ca2+ release and blocks EC alignment in the direction of flow. Overexpression of constitutively active Akt1 restores the shear-induced alignment of ECs lacking Piezo1 or IP3R2, as well as the flow-induced vasodilation in endothelial restricted Piezo1 knockout mice. These studies describe an unknown Piezo1-cAMP-IP3R2 circuit as an essential mechanism activating Akt signaling and inducing adaptive changes in ECs to laminar flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianicha Santana Nunez
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Asrar B. Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Quinn Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sang Joon Ahn
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arnold Coctecon-Murillo
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dana Lazarko
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Irena Levitan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yulia A. Komarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Neuroprotective Effects of the Neural-Induced Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Secretome against Rotenone-Induced Mitochondrial and Endoplasmic Reticulum Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065622. [PMID: 36982698 PMCID: PMC10054666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic effects on neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) known by their secreted molecules, referred to as the “secretome”. The mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, rotenone (ROT), reproduces α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation seen in Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this present study, we examined the neuroprotective effects of the secretome from neural-induced human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (NI-ADSC-SM) during ROT toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Exposure to ROT significantly impaired the mitophagy by increased LRRK2, mitochondrial fission, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (ERS). ROT also increased the levels of calcium (Ca2+), VDAC, and GRP75, and decreased phosphorylated (p)-IP3R Ser1756/total (t)-IP3R1. However, NI-ADSC-SM treatment decreased Ca2+ levels along with LRRK2, insoluble ubiquitin, mitochondrial fission by halting p-DRP1 Ser616, ERS by reducing p-PERK Thr981, p-/t-IRE1α, p-SAPK, ATF4, and CHOP. In addition, NI-ADSC-SM restored the mitophagy, mitochondrial fusion, and tethering to the ER. These data suggest that NI-ADSC-SM decreases ROT-induced dysfunction in mitochondria and the ER, which subsequently stabilized tethering in mitochondria-associated membranes in SH-SY5Y cells.
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Han H, Cheng LK, Paskaranandavadivel N. High-resolution in vivo monophasic gastric slow waves to quantify activation and recovery profiles. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14422. [PMID: 35726361 PMCID: PMC10078408 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric bio-electrical slow waves are, in part, responsible for coordinating motility. Spatial dynamics about the recovery phase of slow wave recordings have not been thoroughly investigated due to the lack of suitable experimental techniques. METHODS A high-resolution multi-channel suction electrode array was developed and applied in pigs to acquire monophasic gastric slow waves. Signal characteristics were verified against biphasic slow waves recorded by conventional surface contact electrode arrays. Monophasic slow wave events were categorized into two groups based on their morphological characteristics, after which their amplitudes, activation to recovery intervals, and gradients were quantified and compared. Coverage of activation and recovery maps for both electrode types were calculated and compared. KEY RESULTS Monophasic slow waves had a more pronounced recovery phase with a higher gradient than biphasic slow waves (0.5 ± 0.1 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 mV·s-1 ). Between the 2 groups of monophasic slow waves, there was a significant difference in amplitude (1.8 ± 0.5 vs. 1.1 ± 0.2 mV), activation time gradient (0.8 ± 0.2 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 mV·s-1 ), and recovery time gradient (0.5 ± 0.1 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 mV·s-1 ). For the suction and conventional contact electrode arrays, the recovery maps had reduced coverage compared to the activation maps (4 ± 6% and 43 ± 11%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES A novel high-resolution multi-channel suction electrode array was developed and applied in vivo to record monophasic gastric slow waves. Slow wave recovery phase analysis could be performed more efficiently on monophasic signals compared with biphasic signals, due to the more identifiable recovery phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Han
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Leo K Cheng
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Arige V, Terry LE, Wagner LE, Malik S, Baker MR, Fan G, Joseph SK, Serysheva II, Yule DI. Functional determination of calcium-binding sites required for the activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2209267119. [PMID: 36122240 PMCID: PMC9522344 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209267119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) initiate a diverse array of physiological responses by carefully orchestrating intracellular calcium (Ca2+) signals in response to various external cues. Notably, IP3R channel activity is determined by several obligatory factors, including IP3, Ca2+, and ATP. The critical basic amino acid residues in the N-terminal IP3-binding core (IBC) region that facilitate IP3 binding are well characterized. In contrast, the residues conferring regulation by Ca2+ have yet to be ascertained. Using comparative structural analysis of Ca2+-binding sites identified in two main families of intracellular Ca2+-release channels, ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and IP3Rs, we identified putative acidic residues coordinating Ca2+ in the cytosolic calcium sensor region in IP3Rs. We determined the consequences of substituting putative Ca2+ binding, acidic residues in IP3R family members. We show that the agonist-induced Ca2+ release, single-channel open probability (P0), and Ca2+ sensitivities are markedly altered when the negative charge on the conserved acidic side chain residues is neutralized. Remarkably, neutralizing the negatively charged side chain on two of the residues individually in the putative Ca2+-binding pocket shifted the Ca2+ required to activate IP3R to higher concentrations, indicating that these residues likely are a component of the Ca2+ activation site in IP3R. Taken together, our findings indicate that Ca2+ binding to a well-conserved activation site is a common underlying mechanism resulting in increased channel activity shared by IP3Rs and RyRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Arige
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Lara E. Terry
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Larry E. Wagner
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Sundeep Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Mariah R. Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Guizhen Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Suresh K. Joseph
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Irina I. Serysheva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - David I. Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
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Feliziani C, Fernandez M, Quasollo G, Holstein D, Bairo SM, Paton JC, Paton AW, de Batista J, Lechleiter JD, Bollo M. Ca 2+ signalling system initiated by endoplasmic reticulum stress stimulates PERK activation. Cell Calcium 2022; 106:102622. [PMID: 35908318 PMCID: PMC9982837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of unfolded proteins within the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) activates a signal transduction pathway termed the unfolded protein response (UPR), which attempts to restore ER homoeostasis. If this cannot be done, UPR signalling ultimately induces apoptosis. Ca2+ depletion in the ER is a potent inducer of ER stress. Despite the ubiquity of Ca2+ as an intracellular messenger, the precise mechanism(s) by which Ca2+ release affects the UPR remains unknown. Tethering a genetically encoded Ca2+ indicator (GCamP6) to the ER membrane revealed novel Ca2+ signalling events initiated by Ca2+ microdomains in human astrocytes under ER stress, induced by tunicamycin (Tm), an N-glycosylation inhibitor, as well as in a cell model deficient in all three inositol triphosphate receptor isoforms. Pharmacological and molecular studies indicate that these local events are mediated by translocons and that the Ca2+ microdomains impact (PKR)-like-ER kinase (PERK), an UPR sensor, activation. These findings reveal the existence of a Ca2+ signal mechanism by which stressor-mediated Ca2+ release regulates ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Feliziani
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M y M
Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 2434 Friuli,
Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - Macarena Fernandez
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M y M
Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 2434 Friuli,
Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Quasollo
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M y M
Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 2434 Friuli,
Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - Deborah Holstein
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San
Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229-3904, USA
| | - Sebastián M Bairo
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M y M
Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 2434 Friuli,
Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - James C Paton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of
Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005,
Australia
| | - Adrienne W Paton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of
Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005,
Australia
| | - Juan de Batista
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de
Córdoba (IUCBC), Hospital Privado Universitario de Córdoba, 420
Naciones Unidas, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - James D Lechleiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San
Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229-3904, USA
| | - Mariana Bollo
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M y M Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 2434 Friuli, Córdoba 5016, Argentina.
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10
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Han B, Zhen F, Zheng XS, Hu J, Chen XS. Systematic analysis of the expression and prognostic value of ITPR1 and correlation with tumor infiltrating immune cells in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:297. [PMID: 35313846 PMCID: PMC8939201 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09410-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ITPR1 is a key gene for autophagy, but its biological function is still unclear, and there are few studies on the correlation between ITPR1 gene expression and the occurrence and development of breast cancer. METHODS Analyze the expression of ITPR1 through online databases such as Oncomine and TIMER. Kaplan-Meier plotter and other databases were used to evaluate the impact of ITPR1 on clinical prognosis. The expression of ITPR1 in analysis of 145 cases of breast cancer and 30 cases of adjacent normal tissue was detected by Immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the clinical relevance and prognostic significance of abnormally expressed proteins. And the Western Blot was used to detect the expression of ITPR1 between breast cancer tissues and cells. The TIMER database studied the relationship between ITPR1 and cancer immune infiltration. And used the ROC plotter database to predict the response of ITPR1 to chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and anti-HER2 therapy in patients with breast cancer. RESULTS Compared with normal breast samples, ITPR1 was significantly lower in patients with breast cancer. And the increased expression of ITPR1 mRNA was closely related to longer overall survival (OS), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS), disease specific survival (DSS) and relapse free survival (RFS) in breast cancer. And the expression level of ITPR1 was higher in patients treated with chemotherapy than untreated patients. In addition, the expression of ITPR1 was positively correlated with related gene markers of immune cells in different types of breast cancer, especially with BRCA basal tissue breast cancer. CONCLUSION ITPR1 was lower expressed in breast cancer. The higher expression of ITPR1 suggested favorable prognosis for patients. ITPR1 was related to the level of immune infiltration, especially in BRCA-Basal patients. All research results indicated that ITPR1 might affect breast cancer prognosis and participate in immune regulation. In short, ITPR1 might be a potential target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Fang Zhen
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xiu-Shuang Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Xue-Song Chen
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
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11
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Schmitz EA, Takahashi H, Karakas E. Structural basis for activation and gating of IP 3 receptors. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1408. [PMID: 35301323 PMCID: PMC8930994 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A pivotal component of the calcium (Ca2+) signaling toolbox in cells is the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R), which mediates Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), controlling cytoplasmic and organellar Ca2+ concentrations. IP3Rs are co-activated by IP3 and Ca2+, inhibited by Ca2+ at high concentrations, and potentiated by ATP. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human type-3 IP3R obtained from a single dataset in multiple gating conformations: IP3-ATP bound pre-active states with closed channels, IP3-ATP-Ca2+ bound active state with an open channel, and IP3-ATP-Ca2+ bound inactive state with a closed channel. The structures demonstrate how IP3-induced conformational changes prime the receptor for activation by Ca2+, how Ca2+ binding leads to channel opening, and how ATP modulates the activity, providing insights into the long-sought questions regarding the molecular mechanism underpinning receptor activation and gating. IP3 receptors are intracellular calcium channels involved in numerous signaling pathways. Here, the authors present the cryo-EM structures of type-3 IP3 receptors in multiple gating conformations, including the active state revealing the molecular mechanism of the receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Schmitz
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Hirohide Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Erkan Karakas
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. .,Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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12
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Prüschenk S, Majer M, Schreiber R, Schlossmann J. IRAG2 Interacts with IP 3-Receptor Types 1, 2, and 3 and Regulates Intracellular Ca 2+ in Murine Pancreatic Acinar Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413409. [PMID: 34948204 PMCID: PMC8707672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor-associated 2 (IRAG2) is also known as Jaw1 or lymphoid-restricted membrane protein (LRMP) and shares homology with the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor-associated cGMP kinase substrate 1 (IRAG1). IRAG1 interacts with inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3 receptors /IP3R) via its coiled-coil domain and modulates Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Due to the homology of IRAG1 and IRAG2, especially in its coiled-coil domain, it is possible that IRAG2 has similar interaction partners like IRAG1 and that IRAG2 also modulates intracellular Ca2+ signaling. In our study, we localized IRAG2 in pancreatic acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas, and we investigated the interaction of IRAG2 with IP3 receptors and its impact on intracellular Ca2+ signaling and exocrine pancreatic function, like amylase secretion. We detected the interaction of IRAG2 with different subtypes of IP3R and altered Ca2+ release in pancreatic acinar cells from mice lacking IRAG2. IRAG2 deficiency decreased basal levels of intracellular Ca2+, suggesting that IRAG2 leads to activation of IP3R under unstimulated basal conditions. Moreover, we observed that loss of IRAG2 impacts the secretion of amylase. Our data, therefore, suggest that IRAG2 modulates intracellular Ca2+ signaling, which regulates exocrine pancreatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Prüschenk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (S.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Michael Majer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (S.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Jens Schlossmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; (S.P.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-941-943-4770
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13
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Jankovsky N, Caulier A, Demagny J, Guitton C, Djordjevic S, Lebon D, Ouled‐Haddou H, Picard V, Garçon L. Recent advances in the pathophysiology of PIEZO1-related hereditary xerocytosis. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:1017-1026. [PMID: 33848364 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary xerocytosis is a rare red blood cell disease related to gain-of-function mutations in the FAM38A gene, encoding PIEZO1, in 90% of cases; PIEZO1 is a broadly expressed mechano-transducer that plays a major role in many cell systems and tissues that respond to mechanical stress. In erythrocytes, PIEZO1 adapts the intracellular ionic content and cell hydration status to the mechanical constraints induced by the environment. Until recently, the pathophysiology of hereditary xerocytosis was mainly believed to be based on the "PIEZO1-Gardos channel axis" in erythrocytes, according to which PIEZO1-activating mutations induce a calcium influx that secondarily activates the Gardos channel, leading to potassium and water efflux and subsequently to red blood cell dehydration. However, recent studies have demonstrated additional roles for PIEZO1 during early erythropoiesis and reticulocyte maturation, as well as roles in other tissues and cells such as lymphatic vessels, hepatocytes, macrophages and platelets that may affect the pathophysiology of the disease. These findings, presented and discussed in this review, broaden our understanding of hereditary xerocytosis beyond that of primarily being a red blood cell disease and identify potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Jankovsky
- UR4666 HEMATIM Université Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU Amiens‐Picardie Amiens France
| | - Alexis Caulier
- UR4666 HEMATIM Université Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU Amiens‐Picardie Amiens France
| | - Julien Demagny
- UR4666 HEMATIM Université Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Amiens‐Picardie Amiens France
| | - Corinne Guitton
- Service de Pédiatrie Générale, CHU Bicêtre Le Kremlin‐Bicêtre France
- Centre de référence des maladies constitutionnelles du globule rouge et de l'érythropoïèse (Filière MCGRE) Créteil France
| | | | - Delphine Lebon
- UR4666 HEMATIM Université Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU Amiens‐Picardie Amiens France
| | | | - Véronique Picard
- Centre de référence des maladies constitutionnelles du globule rouge et de l'érythropoïèse (Filière MCGRE) Créteil France
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Bicêtre Le Kremlin‐Bicêtre France
- Faculté de Pharmacie Université Paris Saclay Châtenay‐Malabry France
| | - Loïc Garçon
- UR4666 HEMATIM Université Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Amiens‐Picardie Amiens France
- Centre de référence des maladies constitutionnelles du globule rouge et de l'érythropoïèse (Filière MCGRE) Créteil France
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14
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Sherwood MW, Arizono M, Panatier A, Mikoshiba K, Oliet SHR. Astrocytic IP 3Rs: Beyond IP 3R2. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:695817. [PMID: 34393726 PMCID: PMC8363081 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.695817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are sensitive to ongoing neuronal/network activities and, accordingly, regulate neuronal functions (synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, behavior, etc.) by the context-dependent release of several gliotransmitters (e.g., glutamate, glycine, D-serine, ATP). To sense diverse input, astrocytes express a plethora of G-protein coupled receptors, which couple, via Gi/o and Gq, to the intracellular Ca2+ release channel IP3-receptor (IP3R). Indeed, manipulating astrocytic IP3R-Ca2+ signaling is highly consequential at the network and behavioral level: Depleting IP3R subtype 2 (IP3R2) results in reduced GPCR-Ca2+ signaling and impaired synaptic plasticity; enhancing IP3R-Ca2+ signaling affects cognitive functions such as learning and memory, sleep, and mood. However, as a result of discrepancies in the literature, the role of GPCR-IP3R-Ca2+ signaling, especially under physiological conditions, remains inconclusive. One primary reason for this could be that IP3R2 has been used to represent all astrocytic IP3Rs, including IP3R1 and IP3R3. Indeed, IP3R1 and IP3R3 are unique Ca2+ channels in their own right; they have unique biophysical properties, often display distinct distribution, and are differentially regulated. As a result, they mediate different physiological roles to IP3R2. Thus, these additional channels promise to enrich the diversity of spatiotemporal Ca2+ dynamics and provide unique opportunities for integrating neuronal input and modulating astrocyte–neuron communication. The current review weighs evidence supporting the existence of multiple astrocytic-IP3R isoforms, summarizes distinct sub-type specific properties that shape spatiotemporal Ca2+ dynamics. We also discuss existing experimental tools and future refinements to better recapitulate the endogenous activities of each IP3R isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Sherwood
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Misa Arizono
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Aude Panatier
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Japan.,RIKEN CLST, Kobe, Japan
| | - Stéphane H R Oliet
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Bordeaux, France
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15
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Woll KA, Van Petegem F. Calcium Release Channels: Structure and Function of IP3 Receptors and Ryanodine Receptors. Physiol Rev 2021; 102:209-268. [PMID: 34280054 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00033.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+-release channels are giant membrane proteins that control the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum. The two members, ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate Receptors (IP3Rs), are evolutionarily related and are both activated by cytosolic Ca2+. They share a common architecture, but RyRs have evolved additional modules in the cytosolic region. Their massive size allows for the regulation by tens of proteins and small molecules, which can affect the opening and closing of the channels. In addition to Ca2+, other major triggers include IP3 for the IP3Rs, and depolarization of the plasma membrane for a particular RyR subtype. Their size has made them popular targets for study via electron microscopic methods, with current structures culminating near 3Å. The available structures have provided many new mechanistic insights int the binding of auxiliary proteins and small molecules, how these can regulate channel opening, and the mechanisms of disease-associated mutations. They also help scrutinize previously proposed binding sites, as some of these are now incompatible with the structures. Many questions remain around the structural effects of post-translational modifications, additional binding partners, and the higher-order complexes these channels can make in situ. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the structures of Ca2+-release channels and how this informs on their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie A Woll
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Filip Van Petegem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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16
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Bustos G, Ahumada-Castro U, Silva-Pavez E, Puebla A, Lovy A, Cesar Cardenas J. The ER-mitochondria Ca 2+ signaling in cancer progression: Fueling the monster. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 363:49-121. [PMID: 34392932 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. All major tumor suppressors and oncogenes are now recognized to have fundamental connections with metabolic pathways. A hallmark feature of cancer cells is a reprogramming of their metabolism even when nutrients are available. Increasing evidence indicates that most cancer cells rely on mitochondrial metabolism to sustain their energetic and biosynthetic demands. Mitochondria are functionally and physically coupled to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the major calcium (Ca2+) storage organelle in mammalian cells, through special domains known as mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCS). In this domain, the release of Ca2+ from the ER is mainly regulated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3Rs), a family of Ca2+ release channels activated by the ligand IP3. IP3R mediated Ca2+ release is transferred to mitochondria through the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU). Once in the mitochondrial matrix, Ca2+ activates several proteins that stimulate mitochondrial performance. The role of IP3R and MCU in cancer, as well as the other proteins that enable the Ca2+ communication between these two organelles is just beginning to be understood. Here, we describe the function of the main players of the ER mitochondrial Ca2+ communication and discuss how this particular signal may contribute to the rise and development of cancer traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galdo Bustos
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ulises Ahumada-Castro
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Silva-Pavez
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Puebla
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alenka Lovy
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience Research, Tufts School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - J Cesar Cardenas
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States.
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17
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Kaimachnikov NP, Kotova PD, Kochkina EN, Rogachevskaja OA, Khokhlov AA, Bystrova MF, Kolesnikov SS. Modeling of Ca2+ transients initiated by GPCR agonists in mesenchymal stromal cells. BBA ADVANCES 2021; 1:100012. [PMID: 37082025 PMCID: PMC10074909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2021.100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrative study that included experimentation and mathematical modeling was carried out to analyze dynamic aspects of transient Ca2+ signaling induced by brief pulses of GPCR agonists in mesenchymal stromal cells from the human adipose tissue (AD-MSCs). The experimental findings argued for IP3/Ca2+-regulated Ca2+ release via IP3 receptors (IP3Rs) as a key mechanism mediating agonist-dependent Ca2+ transients. The consistent signaling circuit was proposed to formalize coupling of agonist binding to Ca2+ mobilization for mathematical modeling. The model properly simulated the basic phenomenology of agonist transduction in AD-MSCs, which mostly produced single Ca2+ spikes upon brief stimulation. The spike-like responses were almost invariantly shaped at different agonist doses above a threshold, while response lag markedly decreased with stimulus strength. In AD-MSCs, agonists and IP3 uncaging elicited similar Ca2+ transients but IP3 pulses released Ca2+ without pronounced delay. This suggested that IP3 production was rate-limiting in agonist transduction. In a subpopulation of AD-MSCs, brief agonist pulses elicited Ca2+ bursts crowned by damped oscillations. With properly adjusted parameters of IP3R inhibition by cytosolic Ca2+, the model reproduced such oscillatory Ca2+ responses as well. GEM-GECO1 and R-CEPIA1er, the genetically encoded sensors of cytosolic and reticular Ca2+, respectively, were co-expressed in HEK-293 cells that also responded to agonists in an "all-or-nothing" manner. The experimentally observed Ca2+ signals triggered by ACh in both compartments were properly simulated with the suggested signaling circuit. Thus, the performed modeling of the transduction process provides sufficient theoretical basis for deeper interpretation of experimental findings on agonist-induced Ca2+ signaling in AD-MSCs.
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18
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Hariharan A, Weir N, Robertson C, He L, Betsholtz C, Longden TA. The Ion Channel and GPCR Toolkit of Brain Capillary Pericytes. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:601324. [PMID: 33390906 PMCID: PMC7775489 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.601324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain pericytes reside on the abluminal surface of capillaries, and their processes cover ~90% of the length of the capillary bed. These cells were first described almost 150 years ago (Eberth, 1871; Rouget, 1873) and have been the subject of intense experimental scrutiny in recent years, but their physiological roles remain uncertain and little is known of the complement of signaling elements that they employ to carry out their functions. In this review, we synthesize functional data with single-cell RNAseq screens to explore the ion channel and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) toolkit of mesh and thin-strand pericytes of the brain, with the aim of providing a framework for deeper explorations of the molecular mechanisms that govern pericyte physiology. We argue that their complement of channels and receptors ideally positions capillary pericytes to play a central role in adapting blood flow to meet the challenge of satisfying neuronal energy requirements from deep within the capillary bed, by enabling dynamic regulation of their membrane potential to influence the electrical output of the cell. In particular, we outline how genetic and functional evidence suggest an important role for Gs-coupled GPCRs and ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in this context. We put forth a predictive model for long-range hyperpolarizing electrical signaling from pericytes to upstream arterioles, and detail the TRP and Ca2+ channels and Gq, Gi/o, and G12/13 signaling processes that counterbalance this. We underscore critical questions that need to be addressed to further advance our understanding of the signaling topology of capillary pericytes, and how this contributes to their physiological roles and their dysfunction in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Hariharan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nick Weir
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Colin Robertson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Liqun He
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet & Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Thomas A Longden
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
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19
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Cytosolic and intra-organellar Ca2+ oscillations: mechanisms and function. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Dual mechanisms of Ca2+ oscillations in hepatocytes. J Theor Biol 2020; 503:110390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Robinson KJ, Watchon M, Laird AS. Aberrant Cerebellar Circuitry in the Spinocerebellar Ataxias. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:707. [PMID: 32765211 PMCID: PMC7378801 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases that share convergent disease features. A common symptom of these diseases is development of ataxia, involving impaired balance and motor coordination, usually stemming from cerebellar dysfunction and neurodegeneration. For most spinocerebellar ataxias, pathology can be attributed to an underlying gene mutation and the impaired function of the encoded protein through loss or gain-of-function effects. Strikingly, despite vast heterogeneity in the structure and function of disease-causing genes across the SCAs and the cellular processes affected, the downstream effects have considerable overlap, including alterations in cerebellar circuitry. Interestingly, aberrant function and degeneration of Purkinje cells, the major output neuronal population present within the cerebellum, precedes abnormalities in other neuronal populations within many SCAs, suggesting that Purkinje cells have increased vulnerability to cellular perturbations. Factors that are known to contribute to perturbed Purkinje cell function in spinocerebellar ataxias include altered gene expression resulting in altered expression or functionality of proteins and channels that modulate membrane potential, downstream impairments in intracellular calcium homeostasis and changes in glutamatergic input received from synapsing climbing or parallel fibers. This review will explore this enhanced vulnerability and the aberrant cerebellar circuitry linked with it in many forms of SCA. It is critical to understand why Purkinje cells are vulnerable to such insults and what overlapping pathogenic mechanisms are occurring across multiple SCAs, despite different underlying genetic mutations. Enhanced understanding of disease mechanisms will facilitate the development of treatments to prevent or slow progression of the underlying neurodegenerative processes, cerebellar atrophy and ataxic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angela S. Laird
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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22
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ASGR1 and Its Enigmatic Relative, CLEC10A. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144818. [PMID: 32650396 PMCID: PMC7404283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The large family of C-type lectin (CLEC) receptors comprises carbohydrate-binding proteins that require Ca2+ to bind a ligand. The prototypic receptor is the asialoglycoprotein receptor-1 (ASGR1, CLEC4H1) that is expressed primarily by hepatocytes. The early work on ASGR1, which is highly specific for N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), established the foundation for understanding the overall function of CLEC receptors. Cells of the immune system generally express more than one CLEC receptor that serve diverse functions such as pathogen-recognition, initiation of cellular signaling, cellular adhesion, glycoprotein turnover, inflammation and immune responses. The receptor CLEC10A (C-type lectin domain family 10 member A, CD301; also called the macrophage galactose-type lectin, MGL) contains a carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) that is homologous to the CRD of ASGR1, and thus, is also specific for GalNAc. CLEC10A is most highly expressed on immature DCs, monocyte-derived DCs, and alternatively activated macrophages (subtype M2a) as well as oocytes and progenitor cells at several stages of embryonic development. This receptor is involved in initiation of TH1, TH2, and TH17 immune responses and induction of tolerance in naïve T cells. Ligand-mediated endocytosis of CLEC receptors initiates a Ca2+ signal that interestingly has different outcomes depending on ligand properties, concentration, and frequency of administration. This review summarizes studies that have been carried out on these receptors.
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23
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Barak P, Parekh AB. Signaling through Ca 2+ Microdomains from Store-Operated CRAC Channels. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a035097. [PMID: 31358516 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) ion microdomains are subcellular regions of high Ca2+ concentration that develop rapidly near open Ca2+ channels in the plasma membrane or internal stores and generate local regions of high Ca2+ concentration. These microdomains are remarkably versatile in that they activate a range of responses that differ enormously in both their temporal and spatial profile. In this review, we describe how Ca2+ microdomains generated by store-operated calcium channels, a widespread and conserved Ca2+ entry pathway, stimulate different signaling pathways, and how the spatial extent of a Ca2+ microdomain can be influenced by Ca2+ ATPase pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Barak
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
| | - Anant B Parekh
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
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24
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Stein P, Savy V, Williams AM, Williams CJ. Modulators of calcium signalling at fertilization. Open Biol 2020; 10:200118. [PMID: 32673518 PMCID: PMC7574550 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signals initiate egg activation across the animal kingdom and in at least some plants. These signals are crucial for the success of development and, in the case of mammals, health of the offspring. The mechanisms associated with fertilization that trigger these signals and the molecules that regulate their characteristic patterns vary widely. With few exceptions, a major contributor to fertilization-induced elevation in cytoplasmic Ca2+ is release from endoplasmic reticulum stores through the IP3 receptor. In some cases, Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space and/or release from alternative intracellular stores contribute to the rise in cytoplasmic Ca2+. Following the Ca2+ rise, the reuptake of Ca2+ into intracellular stores or efflux of Ca2+ out of the egg drive the return of cytoplasmic Ca2+ back to baseline levels. The molecular mediators of these Ca2+ fluxes in different organisms include Ca2+ release channels, uptake channels, exchangers and pumps. The functions of these mediators are regulated by their particular activating mechanisms but also by alterations in their expression and spatial organization. We discuss here the molecular basis for modulation of Ca2+ signalling at fertilization, highlighting differences across several animal phyla, and we mention key areas where questions remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Stein
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Virginia Savy
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Audrey M. Williams
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Carmen J. Williams
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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25
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Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors in Human Disease: A Comprehensive Update. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041096. [PMID: 32290556 PMCID: PMC7231134 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (ITPRs) are intracellular calcium release channels located on the endoplasmic reticulum of virtually every cell. Herein, we are reporting an updated systematic summary of the current knowledge on the functional role of ITPRs in human disorders. Specifically, we are describing the involvement of its loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations in the pathogenesis of neurological, immunological, cardiovascular, and neoplastic human disease. Recent results from genome-wide association studies are also discussed.
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26
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Rosa N, Sneyers F, Parys JB, Bultynck G. Type 3 IP 3 receptors: The chameleon in cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 351:101-148. [PMID: 32247578 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3Rs), intracellular calcium (Ca2+) release channels, fulfill key functions in cell death and survival processes, whose dysregulation contributes to oncogenesis. This is essentially due to the presence of IP3Rs in microdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in close proximity to the mitochondria. As such, IP3Rs enable efficient Ca2+ transfers from the ER to the mitochondria, thus regulating metabolism and cell fate. This review focuses on one of the three IP3R isoforms, the type 3 IP3R (IP3R3), which is linked to proapoptotic ER-mitochondrial Ca2+ transfers. Alterations in IP3R3 expression have been highlighted in numerous cancer types, leading to dysregulations of Ca2+ signaling and cellular functions. However, the outcome of IP3R3-mediated Ca2+ transfers for mitochondrial function is complex with opposing effects on oncogenesis. IP3R3 can either suppress cancer by promoting cell death and cellular senescence or support cancer by driving metabolism, anabolic processes, cell cycle progression, proliferation and invasion. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of IP3R3 dysregulations in cancer and describe how such dysregulations alter critical cellular processes such as proliferation or cell death and survival. Here, we pose that the IP3R3 isoform is not only linked to proapoptotic ER-mitochondrial Ca2+ transfers but might also be involved in prosurvival signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rosa
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Flore Sneyers
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), Leuven, Belgium.
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Lemos FDO, Florentino RM, Lima Filho ACM, Santos MLD, Leite MF. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor in the liver: Expression and function. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:6483-6494. [PMID: 31802829 PMCID: PMC6886013 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i44.6483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a complex organ that performs several functions to maintain homeostasis. These functions are modulated by calcium, a second messenger that regulates several intracellular events. In hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, which are the epithelial cell types in the liver, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) receptors (ITPR) are the only intracellular calcium release channels. Three isoforms of the ITPR have been described, named type 1, type 2 and type 3. These ITPR isoforms are differentially expressed in liver cells where they regulate distinct physiological functions. Changes in the expression level of these receptors correlate with several liver diseases and hepatic dysfunctions. In this review, we highlight how the expression level, modulation, and localization of ITPR isoforms in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes play a role in hepatic homeostasis and liver pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Oliveira Lemos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Florentino
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Melo Lima Filho
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcone Loiola dos Santos
- Department of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - M Fatima Leite
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
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The pancreas-specific form of secretory pathway calcium ATPase 2 regulates multiple pathways involved in calcium homeostasis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1867:118567. [PMID: 31676354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Acinar cell exocytosis requires spatiotemporal Ca2+ signals regulated through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores, Ca2+ATPases, and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). The secretory pathway Ca2+ATPase 2 (SPCA2) interacts with Orai1, which is involved in SOCE and store independent Ca2+ entry (SICE). However, in the pancreas, only a C-terminally truncated form of SPCA2 (termed SPAC2C) exists. The goal of this study was to determine if SPCA2C effects Ca2+ homeostasis in a similar fashion to the full-length SPCA2. Using epitope-tagged SPCA2C (SPCA2CFLAG) expressed in HEK293A cells and Fura2 imaging, cytosolic [Ca2+] was examined during SICE, SOCE and secretagogue-stimulated signaling. Exogenous SPCA2C expression increased resting cytosolic [Ca2+], Ca2+ release in response to carbachol, ER Ca2+ stores, and store-mediated and independent Ca2+ influx. Co-IP detected Orai1-SPCA2C interaction, which was altered by co-expression of STIM1. Importantly, SPCA2C's effects on store-mediated Ca2+ entry were independent of Orai1. These findings indicate SPCA2C influences Ca2+ homeostasis through multiple mechanisms, some of which are independent of Orai1, suggesting novel and possibly cell-specific Ca2+ regulation.
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Rathour RK, Narayanan R. Degeneracy in hippocampal physiology and plasticity. Hippocampus 2019; 29:980-1022. [PMID: 31301166 PMCID: PMC6771840 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Degeneracy, defined as the ability of structurally disparate elements to perform analogous function, has largely been assessed from the perspective of maintaining robustness of physiology or plasticity. How does the framework of degeneracy assimilate into an encoding system where the ability to change is an essential ingredient for storing new incoming information? Could degeneracy maintain the balance between the apparently contradictory goals of the need to change for encoding and the need to resist change towards maintaining homeostasis? In this review, we explore these fundamental questions with the mammalian hippocampus as an example encoding system. We systematically catalog lines of evidence, spanning multiple scales of analysis that point to the expression of degeneracy in hippocampal physiology and plasticity. We assess the potential of degeneracy as a framework to achieve the conjoint goals of encoding and homeostasis without cross-interferences. We postulate that biological complexity, involving interactions among the numerous parameters spanning different scales of analysis, could establish disparate routes towards accomplishing these conjoint goals. These disparate routes then provide several degrees of freedom to the encoding-homeostasis system in accomplishing its tasks in an input- and state-dependent manner. Finally, the expression of degeneracy spanning multiple scales offers an ideal reconciliation to several outstanding controversies, through the recognition that the seemingly contradictory disparate observations are merely alternate routes that the system might recruit towards accomplishment of its goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul K. Rathour
- Cellular Neurophysiology LaboratoryMolecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Rishikesh Narayanan
- Cellular Neurophysiology LaboratoryMolecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
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Mahajan G, Nadkarni S. Intracellular calcium stores mediate metaplasticity at hippocampal dendritic spines. J Physiol 2019; 597:3473-3502. [PMID: 31099020 PMCID: PMC6636706 DOI: 10.1113/jp277726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Key points Calcium (Ca2+) entry mediated by NMDA receptors is considered central to the induction of activity‐dependent synaptic plasticity in hippocampal area CA1; this description does not, however, take into account the potential contribution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores. The ER has a heterogeneous distribution in CA1 dendritic spines, and may introduce localized functional differences in Ca2+ signalling between synapses, as suggested by experiments on metabotropic receptor‐dependent long‐term depression. A physiologically detailed computational model of Ca2+ dynamics at a CA3–CA1 excitatory synapse characterizes the contribution of spine ER via metabotropic signalling during plasticity induction protocols. ER Ca2+ release via IP3 receptors modulates NMDA receptor‐dependent plasticity in a graded manner, to selectively promote synaptic depression with relatively diminished effect on LTP induction; this may temper further strengthening at the stronger synapses which are preferentially associated with ER‐containing spines. Acquisition of spine ER may thus represent a local, biophysically plausible ‘metaplastic switch’ at potentiated CA1 synapses, contributing to the plasticity–stability balance in neural circuits.
Abstract Long‐term plasticity mediated by NMDA receptors supports input‐specific, Hebbian forms of learning at excitatory CA3–CA1 connections in the hippocampus. There exists an additional layer of stabilizing mechanisms that act globally as well as locally over multiple time scales to ensure that plasticity occurs in a constrained manner. Here, we investigated the role of calcium (Ca2+) stores associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the local regulation of plasticity at individual CA1 synapses. Our study was spurred by (1) the curious observation that ER is sparsely distributed in dendritic spines, but over‐represented in larger spines that are likely to have undergone activity‐dependent strengthening, and (2) evidence suggesting that ER motility at synapses can be rapid, and accompany activity‐regulated spine remodelling. We constructed a physiologically realistic computational model of an ER‐bearing CA1 spine, and examined how IP3‐sensitive Ca2+ stores affect spine Ca2+ dynamics during activity patterns mimicking the induction of long‐term potentiation and long‐term depression (LTD). Our results suggest that the presence of ER modulates NMDA receptor‐dependent plasticity in a graded manner that selectively enhances LTD induction. We propose that ER may locally tune Ca2+‐based plasticity, providing a braking mechanism to mitigate runaway strengthening at potentiated synapses. Our study provides a biophysically accurate description of postsynaptic Ca2+ regulation, and suggests that ER in the spine may promote the re‐use of hippocampal synapses with saturated strengths. Calcium (Ca2+) entry mediated by NMDA receptors is considered central to the induction of activity‐dependent synaptic plasticity in hippocampal area CA1; this description does not, however, take into account the potential contribution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores. The ER has a heterogeneous distribution in CA1 dendritic spines, and may introduce localized functional differences in Ca2+ signalling between synapses, as suggested by experiments on metabotropic receptor‐dependent long‐term depression. A physiologically detailed computational model of Ca2+ dynamics at a CA3–CA1 excitatory synapse characterizes the contribution of spine ER via metabotropic signalling during plasticity induction protocols. ER Ca2+ release via IP3 receptors modulates NMDA receptor‐dependent plasticity in a graded manner, to selectively promote synaptic depression with relatively diminished effect on LTP induction; this may temper further strengthening at the stronger synapses which are preferentially associated with ER‐containing spines. Acquisition of spine ER may thus represent a local, biophysically plausible ‘metaplastic switch’ at potentiated CA1 synapses, contributing to the plasticity–stability balance in neural circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurang Mahajan
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411 008, India
| | - Suhita Nadkarni
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411 008, India
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31
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Prole DL, Taylor CW. Structure and Function of IP 3 Receptors. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a035063. [PMID: 30745293 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), by releasing Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of animal cells, allow Ca2+ to be redistributed from the ER to the cytosol or other organelles, and they initiate store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). For all three IP3R subtypes, binding of IP3 primes them to bind Ca2+, which then triggers channel opening. We are now close to understanding the structural basis of IP3R activation. Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release regulated by IP3 allows IP3Rs to regeneratively propagate Ca2+ signals. The smallest of these regenerative events is a Ca2+ puff, which arises from the nearly simultaneous opening of a small cluster of IP3Rs. Ca2+ puffs are the basic building blocks for all IP3-evoked Ca2+ signals, but only some IP3 clusters, namely those parked alongside the ER-plasma membrane junctions where SOCE occurs, are licensed to respond. The location of these licensed IP3Rs may allow them to selectively regulate SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Prole
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
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32
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Semyanov A. Spatiotemporal pattern of calcium activity in astrocytic network. Cell Calcium 2019; 78:15-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Role of KCa3.1 Channels in Modulating Ca 2+ Oscillations during Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102970. [PMID: 30274242 PMCID: PMC6213908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration and invasion in glioblastoma (GBM), the most lethal form of primary brain tumors, are critically dependent on Ca2+ signaling. Increases of [Ca2+]i in GBM cells often result from Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), promoted by a variety of agents present in the tumor microenvironment and able to activate the phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate PLC/IP3 pathway. The Ca2+ signaling is further strengthened by the Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space through Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) currents sustained by Orai/STIM channels, meant to replenish the partially depleted ER. Notably, the elevated cytosolic [Ca2+]i activates the intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K (KCa3.1) channels highly expressed in the plasma membrane of GBM cells, and the resulting K+ efflux hyperpolarizes the cell membrane. This translates to an enhancement of Ca2+ entry through Orai/STIM channels as a result of the increased electromotive (driving) force on Ca2+ influx, ending with the establishment of a recurrent cycle reinforcing the Ca2+ signal. Ca2+ signaling in migrating GBM cells often emerges in the form of intracellular Ca2+ oscillations, instrumental to promote key processes in the migratory cycle. This has suggested that KCa3.1 channels may promote GBM cell migration by inducing or modulating the shape of Ca2+ oscillations. In accordance, we recently built a theoretical model of Ca2+ oscillations incorporating the KCa3.1 channel-dependent dynamics of the membrane potential, and found that the KCa3.1 channel activity could significantly affect the IP3 driven Ca2+ oscillations. Here we review our new theoretical model of Ca2+ oscillations in GBM, upgraded in the light of better knowledge of the KCa3.1 channel kinetics and Ca2+ sensitivity, the dynamics of the Orai/STIM channel modulation, the migration and invasion mechanisms of GBM cells, and their regulation by Ca2+ signals.
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Roest G, La Rovere RM, Bultynck G, Parys JB. IP 3 Receptor Properties and Function at Membrane Contact Sites. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 981:149-178. [PMID: 29594861 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55858-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) is a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+-release channel localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The intracellular Ca2+ signals originating from the activation of the IP3R regulate multiple cellular processes including the control of cell death versus cell survival via their action on apoptosis and autophagy. The exact role of the IP3Rs in these two processes does not only depend on their activity, which is modulated by the cytosolic composition (Ca2+, ATP, redox status, …) and by various types of regulatory proteins, including kinases and phosphatases as well as by a number of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, but also on their intracellular localization, especially at the ER-mitochondrial and ER-lysosomal interfaces. At these interfaces, Ca2+ microdomains are formed, in which the Ca2+ concentration is finely regulated by the different ER, mitochondrial and lysosomal Ca2+-transport systems and also depends on the functional and structural interactions existing between them. In this review, we therefore discuss the most recent insights in the role of Ca2+ signaling in general, and of the IP3R in particular, in the control of basal mitochondrial bioenergetics, apoptosis, and autophagy at the level of inter-organellar contact sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Roest
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rita M La Rovere
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jan B Parys
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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35
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Paknejad N, Hite RK. Structural basis for the regulation of inositol trisphosphate receptors by Ca 2+ and IP 3. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2018; 25:660-668. [PMID: 30013099 PMCID: PMC6082148 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-018-0089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) are ubiquitous Ca2+-permeable channels that mediate release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum to regulate numerous processes including cell division, cell death, differentiation and fertilization. IP3R is activated by both IP3 and its permeant ion Ca2+. At high concentrations, however, Ca2+ inhibits activity ensuring precise spatiotemporal control over intracellular Ca2+. Despite extensive characterization of IP3R, the mechanisms by which these molecules control channel gating have remained elusive. Here, we present structures of full-length human type 3 IP3R in ligand-bound and ligand-free states. Multiple IP3-bound structures demonstrate that the large cytoplasmic domain provides a platform for propagation of long-range conformational changes to the ion conduction gate. Structures in the presence of Ca2+ reveal two Ca2+ binding sites that induce the disruption of numerous interactions between subunits, thereby inhibiting IP3R. These structures thus begin to provide a mechanistic basis for understanding the regulation of IP3R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Paknejad
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard K Hite
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Eno C, Gomez T, Slusarski DC, Pelegri F. Slow calcium waves mediate furrow microtubule reorganization and germ plasm compaction in the early zebrafish embryo. Development 2018; 145:dev156604. [PMID: 29632136 PMCID: PMC6001370 DOI: 10.1242/dev.156604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Zebrafish germ plasm ribonucleoparticles (RNPs) become recruited to furrows of early zebrafish embryos through their association with astral microtubules ends. During the initiation of cytokinesis, microtubules are remodeled into a furrow microtubule array (FMA), which is thought to be analogous to the mammalian midbody involved in membrane abscission. During furrow maturation, RNPs and FMA tubules transition from their original distribution along the furrow to enrichments at the furrow distal ends, which facilitates germ plasm mass compaction. We show that nebel mutants exhibit reduced furrow-associated slow calcium waves (SCWs), caused at least in part by defective enrichment of calcium stores. RNP and FMA distal enrichment mirrors the medial-to-distal polarity of SCWs, and inhibition of calcium release or downstream mediators such as Calmodulin affects RNP and FMA distal enrichment. Blastomeres with reduced or lacking SCWs, such as early blastomeres in nebel mutants and wild-type blastomeres at later stages, exhibit medially bundling microtubules similar to midbodies in other cell types. Our data indicate that SCWs provide medial-to-distal directionality along the furrow to facilitate germ plasm RNP enrichment at the furrow ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Eno
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Timothy Gomez
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Diane C Slusarski
- Department of Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Francisco Pelegri
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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37
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Ca 2+ signaling and spinocerebellar ataxia. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:1733-1744. [PMID: 29777722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a neural disorder, which is caused by degenerative changes in the cerebellum. SCA is primarily characterized by gait ataxia, and additional clinical features include nystagmus, dysarthria, tremors and cerebellar atrophy. Forty-four hereditary SCAs have been identified to date, along with >35 SCA-associated genes. Despite the great diversity and distinct functionalities of the SCA-related genes, accumulating evidence supports the occurrence of a common pathophysiological event among several hereditary SCAs. Altered calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis in the Purkinje cells (PCs) of the cerebellum has been proposed as a possible pathological SCA trigger. In support of this, signaling events that are initiated from or lead to aberrant Ca2+ release from the type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R1), which is highly expressed in cerebellar PCs, seem to be closely associated with the pathogenesis of several SCA types. In this review, we summarize the current research on pathological hereditary SCA events, which involve altered Ca2+ homeostasis in PCs, through IP3R1 signaling.
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Wang H, Wang X, Li Y, Yu H, Wang C, Feng C, Xu G, Chen J, You J, Wang P, Wu X, Zhao R, Zhang G. Chronic ethanol exposure induces SK-N-SH cell apoptosis by increasing N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor expression and intracellular calcium. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3791-3800. [PMID: 29581737 PMCID: PMC5863573 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been identified that chronic ethanol exposure damages the nervous system, particularly neurons. There is scientific evidence suggesting that neuronal loss caused by chronic ethanol exposure has an association with neuron apoptosis and intracellular calcium oscillation is one of the primary inducers of apoptosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the inductive effects of intracellular calcium oscillation on apoptosis in SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells and the protective effects of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, memantine, on SK-N-SH cell apoptosis caused by chronic ethanol exposure. SK-N-SH cells were treated with 100 mM ethanol and memantine (4 µM) for 2 days. Protein expression of NR1 was downregulated by RNA interference (RNAi). Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double-staining and flow cytometry and cell viability was detected using an MTS kit. Fluorescence dual wavelength spectrophotometry was used to determine the intracellular calcium concentration and the levels of NR1 and caspase-3 were detected using western blotting. NR1 mRNA levels were also detected using qPCR. It was found that chronic ethanol exposure reduced neuronal cell viability and caused apoptosis of SK-N-SH cells, and the extent of damage in SK-N-SH cells was associated with ethanol exposure concentration and time. In addition, chronic ethanol exposure increased the concentration of intracellular calcium in SK-N-SH cells by inducing the expression of NMDAR, resulting in apoptosis, and memantine treatment reduced ethanol-induced cell apoptosis. The results of the present study indicate that the application of memantine may provide a novel strategy for the treatment of alcoholic dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- No.1 English Department, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Changliang Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Feng
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Guohui Xu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Jiabin You
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
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Nair R, Manikkath J, Hegde AR, Mutalik S, Kalthur G, Adiga SK. Liposome-encapsulated diacyl glycerol and inositol triphosphate-induced delayed oocyte activation and poor development of parthenotes. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2017; 18:102-109. [PMID: 28890423 PMCID: PMC5590204 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.2017.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the ability of diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3), two major secondary messengers in the calcium signaling pathway, in activating oocytes. Material and Methods: Oocyte cumulus complex obtained from superovulated Swiss albino mice were incubated in M16 medium with liposome-encapsulated 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol (LEDAG) and/or IP3 for 3 h. Strontium chloride was used as positive control. The activation potential, ploidy status, and blastocyst rate was calculated. Results: Both DAG and IP3, individually, induced activation in ~98% of oocytes, which was significantly higher (p<0.01) than activation induced by strontium chloride (60%). Delayed pronucleus formation and a higher percentage of diploid parthenotes was observed in oocytes activated with LEDAG and/or IP3. However, these embryos failed to progress beyond the 6-8–cell stage. Only when the medium was supplemented with LEDAG (5 μg/mL) and IP3 (10 μg/mL) could activated oocytes progress till the blastocyst stage (5.26%), which was lower than the blastocyst rate in the positive controls (13.91%). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that DAG and IP3 can induce delayed oocyte activation and poor development of parthenotes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Nair
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Central Research Lab, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Jyothsna Manikkath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Aswathi R Hegde
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Central Research Lab, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Satish Kumar Adiga
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Central Research Lab, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
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40
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IP 3 receptor signaling and endothelial barrier function. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:4189-4207. [PMID: 28803370 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells lining vessel walls, maintains tissue-fluid homeostasis by restricting the passage of the plasma proteins and blood cells into the interstitium. The ion Ca2+, a ubiquitous secondary messenger, initiates signal transduction events in endothelial cells that is critical to control of vascular tone and endothelial permeability. The ion Ca2+ is stored inside the intracellular organelles and released into the cytosol in response to environmental cues. The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) messenger facilitates Ca2+ release through IP3 receptors which are Ca2+-selective intracellular channels located within the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. Binding of IP3 to the IP3Rs initiates assembly of IP3R clusters, a key event responsible for amplification of Ca2+ signals in endothelial cells. This review discusses emerging concepts related to architecture and dynamics of IP3R clusters, and their specific role in propagation of Ca2+ signals in endothelial cells.
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41
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Meta-analysis of genome-wide SNP- and pathway-based associations for facets of neuroticism. J Hum Genet 2017; 62:903-909. [PMID: 28615674 PMCID: PMC5622119 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2017.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuroticism is a heritable personality trait that is comprised of distinct sub-factors, or facets. Sub-factors of neuroticism are linked to different emotional states or psychiatric symptoms and studying the genetic variants associated with these facets may help reveal the biological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. In the present study, a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for six facets of neuroticism was performed in 5584 participants from three cohorts. Additionally, a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was conducted to find biological pathways associated with each facet. Six neuroticism facets (N1: anxiety, N2: angry hostility, N3: depression, N4: self-consciousness, N5: impulsivity and N6: vulnerability) were assessed using the Korean version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. In the single-nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis, results showed genome-wide significance for N2 within the MIR548H3 gene (rs1360001, P=4.14 × 10-9). Notable genes with suggestive associations (P<1.0 × 10-6) were ITPR1 for N1, WNT7A for N2, FGF10 and FHIT for N3, DDR1 for N4, VGLL4 for N5 and PTPRD for N6. In the pathway-based analysis, the axon guidance pathway was identified to be associated with multiple facets of neuroticism (N2, N4 and N6). The focal adhesion and extracellular matrix receptor interaction pathways were significantly associated with N2 and N3. Our findings revealed genetic influences and biological pathways that are associated with facets of neuroticism.
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42
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Meera P, Pulst S, Otis T. A positive feedback loop linking enhanced mGluR function and basal calcium in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28518055 PMCID: PMC5444899 DOI: 10.7554/elife.26377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) function in Purkinje neurons (PNs) is essential for cerebellar development and for motor learning and altered mGluR1 signaling causes ataxia. Downstream of mGluR1, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis has been hypothesized as a key pathological event in genetic forms of ataxia but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We find in a spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) mouse model that calcium homeostasis in PNs is disturbed across a broad range of physiological conditions. At parallel fiber synapses, mGluR1-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) and associated calcium transients are increased and prolonged in SCA2 PNs. In SCA2 PNs, enhanced mGluR1 function is prevented by buffering [Ca2+] at normal resting levels while in wildtype PNs mGluR1 EPSCs are enhanced by elevated [Ca2+]. These findings demonstrate a deleterious positive feedback loop involving elevated intracellular calcium and enhanced mGluR1 function, a mechanism likely to contribute to PN dysfunction and loss in SCA2. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.26377.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap Meera
- Department of Neurobiology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Stefan Pulst
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake, United States
| | - Thomas Otis
- Department of Neurobiology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.,Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, and Rare Diseases, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Basel, Switzerland
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43
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Bussiere R, Lacampagne A, Reiken S, Liu X, Scheuerman V, Zalk R, Martin C, Checler F, Marks AR, Chami M. Amyloid β production is regulated by β2-adrenergic signaling-mediated post-translational modifications of the ryanodine receptor. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10153-10168. [PMID: 28476886 PMCID: PMC5473221 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.743070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration of ryanodine receptor (RyR)-mediated calcium (Ca2+) signaling has been reported in Alzheimer disease (AD) models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying altered RyR-mediated intracellular Ca2+ release in AD remain to be fully elucidated. We report here that RyR2 undergoes post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, oxidation, and nitrosylation) in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells expressing the β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) harboring the familial double Swedish mutations (APPswe). RyR2 macromolecular complex remodeling, characterized by depletion of the regulatory protein calstabin2, resulted in increased cytosolic Ca2+ levels and mitochondrial oxidative stress. We also report a functional interplay between amyloid β (Aβ), β-adrenergic signaling, and altered Ca2+ signaling via leaky RyR2 channels. Thus, post-translational modifications of RyR occur downstream of Aβ through a β2-adrenergic signaling cascade that activates PKA. RyR2 remodeling in turn enhances βAPP processing. Importantly, pharmacological stabilization of the binding of calstabin2 to RyR2 channels, which prevents Ca2+ leakage, or blocking the β2-adrenergic signaling cascade reduced βAPP processing and the production of Aβ in APPswe-expressing SH-SY5Y cells. We conclude that targeting RyR-mediated Ca2+ leakage may be a therapeutic approach to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Bussiere
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Alain Lacampagne
- INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR9214, CNRS LIA1185, Université de Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France, and
| | - Steven Reiken
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Valerie Scheuerman
- INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR9214, CNRS LIA1185, Université de Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France, and
| | - Ran Zalk
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Cécile Martin
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Frederic Checler
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Andrew R Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Mounia Chami
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France,
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44
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IP 3-mediated gating mechanism of the IP 3 receptor revealed by mutagenesis and X-ray crystallography. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:4661-4666. [PMID: 28416699 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701420114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) is an IP3-gated ion channel that releases calcium ions (Ca2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum. The IP3-binding sites in the large cytosolic domain are distant from the Ca2+ conducting pore, and the allosteric mechanism of how IP3 opens the Ca2+ channel remains elusive. Here, we identify a long-range gating mechanism uncovered by channel mutagenesis and X-ray crystallography of the large cytosolic domain of mouse type 1 IP3R in the absence and presence of IP3 Analyses of two distinct space group crystals uncovered an IP3-dependent global translocation of the curvature α-helical domain interfacing with the cytosolic and channel domains. Mutagenesis of the IP3R channel revealed an essential role of a leaflet structure in the α-helical domain. These results suggest that the curvature α-helical domain relays IP3-controlled global conformational dynamics to the channel through the leaflet, conferring long-range allosteric coupling from IP3 binding to the Ca2+ channel.
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45
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Zhang Z, Liu M, Guan Z, Yang J, Liu Z, Xu S. Disbalance of calcium regulation-related genes in broiler hearts induced by selenium deficiency. Avian Pathol 2017; 46:265-271. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2016.1259528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Man Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenqiong Guan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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46
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Kerkhofs M, Giorgi C, Marchi S, Seitaj B, Parys JB, Pinton P, Bultynck G, Bittremieux M. Alterations in Ca 2+ Signalling via ER-Mitochondria Contact Site Remodelling in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 997:225-254. [PMID: 28815534 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4567-7_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inter-organellar contact sites establish microdomains for localised Ca2+-signalling events. One of these microdomains is established between the ER and the mitochondria. Importantly, the so-called mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) contain, besides structural proteins and proteins involved in lipid exchange, several Ca2+-transport systems, mediating efficient Ca2+ transfer from the ER to the mitochondria. These Ca2+ signals critically control several mitochondrial functions, thereby impacting cell metabolism, cell death and survival, proliferation and migration. Hence, the MAMs have emerged as critical signalling hubs in physiology, while their dysregulation is an important factor that drives or at least contributes to oncogenesis and tumour progression. In this book chapter, we will provide an overview of the role of the MAMs in cell function and how alterations in the MAM composition contribute to oncogenic features and behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn Kerkhofs
- Laboratory Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1 Box 802, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bruno Seitaj
- Laboratory Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1 Box 802, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- Laboratory Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1 Box 802, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1 Box 802, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mart Bittremieux
- Laboratory Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1 Box 802, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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47
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Samanta K, Parekh AB. Spatial Ca 2+ profiling: decrypting the universal cytosolic Ca 2+ oscillation. J Physiol 2016; 595:3053-3062. [PMID: 27859266 DOI: 10.1113/jp272860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of cell-surface receptors that couple to phospholipase C to generate the second messenger inositol trisphosphate often evokes repetitive oscillations in cytosolic Ca2+ . Signalling information is encoded in both the amplitude and frequency of the Ca2+ spikes. Recent studies have revealed that the spatial profile of the oscillation also imparts signalling power; Ca2+ microdomains near store-operated CRAC channels in the plasma membrane and inositol trisphosphate-gated channels in the endoplasmic reticulum both signal to distinct downstream targets. Spatial profiling therefore increases the transduction power of the universal oscillatory cytosolic Ca2+ signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Samanta
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Anant B Parekh
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
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48
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Abstract
In this issue of Science Signaling, Dickinson et al show that the intracellular messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), which triggers the release of calcium (Ca2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum, is a slowly diffusing local signal, rather than a rapidly diffusing global one. These findings have implications for the understanding of the mechanisms of Ca2+ wave propagation, especially long-range, cell-to-cell propagating Ca2+ waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Leybaert
- Physiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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49
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that has no known cure, nor is there a clear mechanistic understanding of the disease process itself. Although amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and cognitive decline are late-stage markers of the disease, it is unclear how they are initially generated, and if they represent a cause, effect, or end phase in the pathology process. Recent studies in AD models have identified marked dysregulations in calcium signaling and related downstream pathways, which occur long before the diagnostic histopathological or cognitive changes. Under normal conditions, intracellular calcium signals are coupled to effectors that maintain a healthy physiological state. Consequently, sustained up-regulation of calcium may have pathophysiological consequences. Indeed, upon reviewing the current body of literature, increased calcium levels are functionally linked to the major features and risk factors of AD: ApoE4 expression, presenilin and APP mutations, beta amyloid plaques, hyperphosphorylation of tau, apoptosis, and synaptic dysfunction. In turn, the histopathological features of AD, once formed, are capable of further increasing calcium levels, leading to a rapid feed-forward acceleration once the disease process has taken hold. The views proposed here consider that AD pathogenesis reflects long-term calcium dysregulations that ultimately serve an enabling role in the disease process. Therefore, “Calcinists” do not necessarily reject βAptist or Tauist doctrine, but rather believe that their genesis is associated with earlier calcium signaling dysregulations. NEUROSCIENTIST 13(5):546—559, 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Stutzmann
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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50
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Meera P, Pulst SM, Otis TS. Cellular and circuit mechanisms underlying spinocerebellar ataxias. J Physiol 2016; 594:4653-60. [PMID: 27198167 DOI: 10.1113/jp271897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Degenerative ataxias are a common form of neurodegenerative disease that affect about 20 individuals per 100,000. The autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are caused by a variety of protein coding mutations (single nucleotide changes, deletions and expansions) in single genes. Affected genes encode plasma membrane and intracellular ion channels, membrane receptors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases and proteins of unknown function. Although SCA-linked genes are quite diverse they share two key features: first, they are highly, although not exclusively, expressed in cerebellar Purkinje neurons (PNs), and second, when mutated they lead ultimately to the degeneration of PNs. In this review we summarize ataxia-related changes in PN neurophysiology that have been observed in various mouse knockout lines and in transgenic models of human SCA. We also highlight emerging evidence that altered metabotropic glutamate receptor signalling and disrupted calcium homeostasis in PNs form a common, early pathophysiological mechanism in SCAs. Together these findings indicate that aberrant calcium signalling and profound changes in PN neurophysiology precede PN cell loss and are likely to lead to cerebellar circuit dysfunction that explains behavioural signs of ataxia characteristic of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap Meera
- Department of Neurobiology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 650 Charles Young Drive, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Stefan M Pulst
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 N Medical Drive E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Thomas S Otis
- Department of Neurobiology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 650 Charles Young Drive, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Neuroscience, Ophthalmology and Rare Diseases (NORD), Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070, Basel, Switzerland
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