1
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AbuGhanem M. Information processing at the speed of light. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2024; 17:33. [PMID: 39342550 PMCID: PMC11439970 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-024-00133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, quantum computing has made significant strides, particularly in light-based technology. The introduction of quantum photonic chips has ushered in an era marked by scalability, stability, and cost-effectiveness, paving the way for innovative possibilities within compact footprints. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of photonic quantum computing, covering key aspects such as encoding information in photons, the merits of photonic qubits, and essential photonic device components including light squeezers, quantum light sources, interferometers, photodetectors, and waveguides. The article also examines photonic quantum communication and internet, and its implications for secure systems, detailing implementations such as quantum key distribution and long-distance communication. Emerging trends in quantum communication and essential reconfigurable elements for advancing photonic quantum internet are discussed. The review further navigates the path towards establishing scalable and fault-tolerant photonic quantum computers, highlighting quantum computational advantages achieved using photons. Additionally, the discussion extends to programmable photonic circuits, integrated photonics and transformative applications. Lastly, the review addresses prospects, implications, and challenges in photonic quantum computing, offering valuable insights into current advancements and promising future directions in this technology.
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2
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Bouscher S, Panna D, Jacovi R, Jabeen F, Schneider C, Höfling S, Hayat A. Two-photon emission from a superlattice-based superconducting light-emitting structure. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:135. [PMID: 38849330 PMCID: PMC11161636 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01472-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Superconductor-semiconductor hybrid devices can bridge the gap between solid-state-based and photonics-based quantum systems, enabling new hybrid computing schemes, offering increased scalability and robustness. One example for a hybrid device is the superconducting light-emitting diode (SLED). SLEDs have been theoretically shown to emit polarization-entangled photon pairs by utilizing radiative recombination of Cooper pairs. However, the two-photon nature of the emission has not been shown experimentally before. We demonstrate two-photon emission in a GaAs/AlGaAs SLED. Measured electroluminescence spectra reveal unique two-photon superconducting features below the critical temperature (Tc), while temperature-dependent photon-pair correlation experiments (g(2)(τ,T)) demonstrate temperature-dependent time coincidences below Tc between photons emitted from the SLED. Our results pave the way for compact and efficient superconducting quantum light sources and open new directions in light-matter interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomi Bouscher
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Dmitry Panna
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Ronen Jacovi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Fauzia Jabeen
- Technische Physik, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schneider
- Technische Physik, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sven Höfling
- Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, D-26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Alex Hayat
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
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3
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Yan J, Zhou X, Yan Z, Jia X. Remote and controlled quantum teleportation network of the polarization squeezed state. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:21977-21987. [PMID: 38859538 DOI: 10.1364/oe.523111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Quantum teleportation is a building block in quantum computation and quantum communication. The continuous-variable polarization squeezed state is a key resource in quantum networks, offering advantages for long-distance distribution and direct interfacing of quantum nodes. Although polarization squeezed state has been generated and distributed between remote users, it is a long-standing goal to implement controlled quantum teleportation of the polarization squeezed state with multiple remote users. Here, we propose a feasible scheme to teleport a polarization squeezed state among multiple remote users under control. The polarization state is transferred between different remote quantum networks, and the controlled quantum teleportation of the polarization state can be implemented in one quantum network involving multiple remote users. The results show that such a controlled quantum teleportation can be realized with 36 users through about 6-km free-space or fiber quantum channels, where the fidelity of 0.352 is achieved beyond the classical limit of 0.349 with an input squeezing variance of 0.25. This scheme provides a direct reference for the experimental implementation of remote and controlled quantum teleportation of polarization states, thus enabling more teleportation-based quantum network protocols.
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4
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Lou Y, Lv Y, Wang J, Liu S, Jing J. Deterministic All-Optical Continuous-Variable Quantum Telecloning. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:160803. [PMID: 38701483 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.160803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Quantum telecloning, a pivotal multiuser quantum communication protocol in the realm of quantum information science, facilitates the copy of a quantum state across M distinct locations through teleportation technique. In the continuous-variable regime, the implementation of quantum telecloning necessitates the distribution of multipartite entanglement among the sender and M receiver parties. Following this, the sender carries out optic-electro conversion and transmits information via classical channel to M spatially separated receivers simultaneously. To successfully reconstruct the input state, electro-optic conversion needs to be employed by each receiver. However, due to these conversions, the bandwidth of the optical mode in this process is largely constrained. In this Letter, we present an all-optical version of the 1→2 continuous-variable quantum telecloning scheme, wherein both optic-electro and electro-optic conversions are replaced by optical components. Our scheme allows the two receivers to achieve input state reconstruction solely by utilizing beam splitters, significantly simplifying its complexity. We experimentally demonstrate all-optical 1→2 quantum telecloning of coherent state and achieve the fidelities of 58.6%±1.0% and 58.6%±1.1% for two clones, exceeding the corresponding classical limits (51.9%±0.5% and 51.9%±0.6%). Our results establish a platform for constructing a flexible all-optical multiuser quantum network and promote the field of all-optical quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yinghui Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jietai Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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5
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Liang S, Cheng J, Qin J, Li J, Shi Y, Yan Z, Jia X, Xie C, Peng K. High-Speed Quantum Radio-Frequency-Over-Light Communication. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:140802. [PMID: 38640392 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.140802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Quantum dense coding (QDC) means to transmit two classical bits by only transferring one quantum bit, which has enabled high-capacity information transmission and strengthened system security. Continuous-variable QDC offers a promising solution to increase communication rates while achieving seamless integration with classical communication systems. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a high-speed quantum radio-frequency-over-light (RFOL) communication scheme based on QDC with an entangled state, and achieve a practical rate of 20 Mbps through digital modulation and RFOL communication. This scheme bridges the gap between quantum technology and real-world communication systems, which bring QDC closer to practical applications and offer prospects for further enhancement of metropolitan communication networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaocong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiliang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiatong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Changde Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunchi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
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6
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Liang X, Zhao J, Yan Y, Huang W, Yuan CH, Chen LQ. Coherent feedback enhanced quantum-dense metrology in a lossy environment. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:12982-12991. [PMID: 38571104 DOI: 10.1364/oe.519044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Quantum dense metrology (QDM) performs high-precision measurements by a two-mode entangled state created by an optical parametric amplifier (PA), where one mode is a meter beam and the other is a reference beam. In practical applications, the photon losses of meter beam are unavoidable, resulting in a degradation of the sensitivity. Here, we employ coherent feedback that feeds the reference beam back into the PA by a beam splitter to enhance the sensitivity in a lossy environment. The results show that the sensitivity is enhanced significantly by adjusting the splitting ratio of the beam splitter. This method may find its potential applications in QDM. Furthermore, such a strategy that two non-commuting observables are simultaneous measurements could provide a new way to individually control the noise-induced random drift in phase or amplitude of the light field, which would be significant for stabilizing the system and long-term precision measurement.
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7
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Liu S, Lv Y, Wang X, Wang J, Lou Y, Jing J. Deterministic All-Optical Quantum Teleportation of Four Degrees of Freedom. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:100801. [PMID: 38518346 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Quantum teleportation, disembodied transfer of the unknown quantum state between two locations, has been experimentally demonstrated for both discrete and continuous variable states in one degree of freedom (DOF). Generally, multiple DOFs are needed to fully characterize a quantum state. Therefore, to implement intact quantum teleportation, multiple DOFs of quantum state should be teleported simultaneously. Recently, teleporting a single photon encoded in two DOFs has been experimentally demonstrated in discrete variable regime. However, the teleportation of more than two DOFs remains unexplored. Here, by utilizing continuous variable hyperentanglement in four DOFs (azimuthal and radial indexes of Laguerre-Gaussian mode, frequency, and polarization), we experimentally demonstrate deterministic all-optical quantum teleportation of four DOFs. Moreover, we experimentally construct 24 parallel teleportation channels. Our results pave the way for deterministically implementing multiple-DOF quantum communication protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yinghui Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xutong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yanbo Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jietai Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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8
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Li G, Yin ZQ. Steady motional entanglement between two distant levitated nanoparticles. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:7377-7390. [PMID: 38439419 DOI: 10.1364/oe.511978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Quantum entanglement in macroscopic systems is not only essential for practical quantum information processing, but also valuable for the study of the boundary between quantum and the classical world. However, it is very challenging to achieve the steady remote entanglement between distant macroscopic systems. We consider two distant nanoparticles, both of which are optically trapped in two cavities. Based on the coherent scattering mechanism, we find that the ultrastrong optomechanical coupling between the cavity modes and the motion of the levitated nanoparticles could be achieved. The large and steady entanglement between the filtered output cavity modes and the motion of nanoparticles can be generated if the trapping laser is under the red sideband. Then through entanglement swapping, the steady motional entanglement between the distant nanoparticles can be realized. We numerically simulate and find that the two nanoparticles with 10 km distance can be entangled for the experimentally feasible parameters, even in room temperature environments. The generated continuous variable multipartite entanglement is the key to realizing the quantum enhanced sensor network and the sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit.
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9
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Lou Y, Lv Y, Wang J, Liu S, Jing J. Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexed Deterministic All-Optical Quantum Erasure-Correcting Code. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:040601. [PMID: 38335349 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Quantum erasure-correcting code, which corrects the erasure in the transmission of quantum information, is an important protocol in quantum information. In the continuous variable regime, the feed-forward technique is needed for realizing quantum erasure-correcting code. This feed-forward technique involves optic-electro and electro-optic conversions, limiting the bandwidth of quantum erasure-correcting code. Moreover, in the previous continuous variable quantum erasure-correcting code, only two modes are protected against erasure, limiting the applications of quantum erasure-correcting code in high-capacity quantum information processing. In this Letter, by utilizing the orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexed entanglement in the encoding part and replacing the feed-forward technique with OAM mode-matched phase-sensitive amplifier in the decoding part, we experimentally demonstrate a scheme of OAM multiplexed deterministic all-optical quantum erasure-correcting code. We experimentally demonstrate that four orthogonal modes can be simultaneously protected against one arbitrary erasure. Our results provide an all-optical platform to implement quantum erasure-correcting code and may have potential applications in implementing all-optical fault-tolerant quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yinghui Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jietai Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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10
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Fiurášek J. Analysis of continuous-variable quantum teleportation enhanced by measurement-based noiseless quantum amplification. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:2527-2538. [PMID: 38297779 DOI: 10.1364/oe.506757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Continuous-variable quantum teleportation enables deterministic teleportation of quantum states of optical modes. However, the state transfer is imperfect and limited by the amount of squeezing in the shared two-mode entangled state. Recently, it has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated that the performance of continuous-variable teleportation can be conditionally improved using a measurement-based noiseless quantum amplification [J. Zhao et al., Nat. Commun.14, 4745 (2023)10.1038/s41467-023-40438-z]. An inverse Gaussian filter with sufficiently high cut-off is applied to outcomes of the continuous-variable Bell measurement, which can increase the fidelity of state teleportation and the cost of making the protocol probabilistic. Here we provide a detailed theoretical analysis of this protocol and discuss its effects and limitations. We focus on teleportation of classes of Gaussian states with fixed covariance matrix and variable displacement. The measurement-based noiseless amplification conditionally improves the precision of estimation of the coherent displacement of the teleported state from the outcomes of continuous-variable Bell measurement. Therefore, more information about the teleported state is revealed and unity-gain teleportation becomes possible with a lower added thermal noise as compared to deterministic teleportation.
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11
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Mastriani M. Non-ambiguous and simplified quantum teleportation protocol. EPJ QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY 2023; 10:14. [DOI: 10.1140/epjqt/s40507-023-00168-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, a new version of the quantum teleportation protocol is presented, which does not require a Bell state measurement (BSM) module on the sender side (Alice), a unitary transform to reconstruct the teleported state on the receiver side (Bob), neither a disambiguation process through two classic bits that travel through a classic disambiguation channel located between sender and receiver. The corresponding theoretical deduction of the protocol, as well as the experimental verification of its operation for several examples of qubits through implementation on an optical table, complete the present study. Both the theoretical and experimental outcomes show a marked superiority in the performance of the new protocol over the original version, with more simplicity and lower implementation costs, and identical fidelity in its most complete version.
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12
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Yuan Y, Huang X, Niu Y, Gong S. Optimal Estimation of Quantum Coherence by Bell State Measurement: A Case Study. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 25:1459. [PMID: 37895580 PMCID: PMC10606635 DOI: 10.3390/e25101459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Quantum coherence is the most distinguished feature of quantum mechanics. As an important resource, it is widely applied to quantum information technologies, including quantum algorithms, quantum computation, quantum key distribution, and quantum metrology, so it is important to develop tools for efficient estimation of the coherence. Bell state measurement plays an important role in quantum information processing. In particular, it can also, as a two-copy collective measurement, directly measure the quantum coherence of an unknown quantum state in the experiment, and does not need any optimization procedures, feedback, or complex mathematical calculations. In this paper, we analyze the performance of estimating quantum coherence with Bell state measurement for a qubit case from the perspective of semiparametric estimation and single-parameter estimation. The numerical results show that Bell state measurement is the optimal measurement for estimating several frequently-used coherence quantifiers, and it has been demonstrated in the perspective of the quantum limit of semiparametric estimation and Fisher information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xufeng Huang
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yueping Niu
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shangqing Gong
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai 200237, China
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13
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Di K, Tan S, Wang L, Cheng A, Wang X, Liu Y, Du J. High-efficiency entanglement of microwave fields in cavity opto-magnomechanical systems. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:29491-29503. [PMID: 37710748 DOI: 10.1364/oe.495656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a scheme to realize high-efficiency entanglement of two microwave fields in a dual opto-magnomechanical system. The magnon mode simultaneously couples with the microwave cavity mode and phonon mode via magnetic dipole interaction and magnetostrictive interaction, respectively. Meanwhile, the phonon mode couples with the optical cavity mode via radiation pressure. Each magnon mode and optical cavity mode adopts a strong red detuning driving field to activate the beam splitter interaction. Therefore, the entangled state generated by the injected two-mode squeezed light in optical cavities can be eventually transferred into two microwave cavities. A stationary entanglement E a 1 a 2 =0.54 is obtained when the input two-mode squeezed optical field has a squeezing parameter r = 1. The entanglement E a 1 a 2 increases as the squeezing parameter r increases, and it shows the flexible tunability of the system. Meanwhile, the entanglement survives up to an environmental temperature about 385 mK, which shows high robustness of the scheme. The proposed scheme provides a new mechanism to generate entangled microwave fields via magnons, which enables the degree of the prepared microwave entanglement to a more massive scale. Our result is useful for applications which require high entanglement of microwave fields like quantum radar, quantum navigation, quantum teleportation, quantum wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network, etc.
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14
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Zhao J, Jeng H, Conlon LO, Tserkis S, Shajilal B, Liu K, Ralph TC, Assad SM, Lam PK. Enhancing quantum teleportation efficacy with noiseless linear amplification. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4745. [PMID: 37550329 PMCID: PMC10406873 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum teleportation constitutes a fundamental tool for various applications in quantum communication and computation. However, state-of-the-art continuous-variable quantum teleportation is restricted to moderate fidelities and short-distance configurations. This is due to unavoidable experimental imperfections resulting in thermal decoherence during the teleportation process. Here we present a heralded quantum teleporter able to overcome these limitations through noiseless linear amplification. As a result, we report a high fidelity of 92% for teleporting coherent states using a modest level of quantum entanglement. Our teleporter in principle allows nearly complete removal of loss induced onto the input states being transmitted through imperfect quantum channels. We further demonstrate the purification of a displaced thermal state, impossible via conventional deterministic amplification or teleportation approaches. The combination of high-fidelity coherent state teleportation alongside the purification of thermalized input states permits the transmission of quantum states over significantly long distances. These results are of both practical and fundamental significance; overcoming long-standing hurdles en route to highly-efficient continuous-variable quantum teleportation, while also shining new light on applying teleportation to purify quantum systems from thermal noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standard and Technology and University of Maryland, College park, 20742, MD, USA
| | - Hao Jeng
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lorcán O Conlon
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Spyros Tserkis
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Biveen Shajilal
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Kui Liu
- State key laboratory of quantum optics and quantum optics devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, China
| | - Timothy C Ralph
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Syed M Assad
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ping Koy Lam
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science and Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, 138634, Singapore.
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15
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Clarke J, Neveu P, Khosla KE, Verhagen E, Vanner MR. Cavity Quantum Optomechanical Nonlinearities and Position Measurement beyond the Breakdown of the Linearized Approximation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:053601. [PMID: 37595248 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.053601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Several optomechanics experiments are now entering the highly sought nonlinear regime where optomechanical interactions are large even for low light levels. Within this regime, new quantum phenomena and improved performance may be achieved; however, a corresponding theoretical formalism of cavity quantum optomechanics that captures the nonlinearities of both the radiation-pressure interaction and the cavity response is needed to unlock these capabilities. Here, we develop such a nonlinear cavity quantum optomechanical framework, which we then utilize to propose how position measurement can be performed beyond the breakdown of the linearized approximation. Our proposal utilizes optical general-dyne detection, ranging from single to dual homodyne, to obtain mechanical position information imprinted onto both the optical amplitude and phase quadratures and enables both pulsed and continuous modes of operation. These cavity optomechanical nonlinearities are now being confronted in a growing number of experiments, and our framework will allow a range of advances to be made in, e.g., quantum metrology, explorations of the standard quantum limit, and quantum measurement and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Clarke
- QOLS, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - P Neveu
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K E Khosla
- QOLS, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - E Verhagen
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M R Vanner
- QOLS, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
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16
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Luo W, Cao L, Shi Y, Wan L, Zhang H, Li S, Chen G, Li Y, Li S, Wang Y, Sun S, Karim MF, Cai H, Kwek LC, Liu AQ. Recent progress in quantum photonic chips for quantum communication and internet. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:175. [PMID: 37443095 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed significant progress in quantum communication and quantum internet with the emerging quantum photonic chips, whose characteristics of scalability, stability, and low cost, flourish and open up new possibilities in miniaturized footprints. Here, we provide an overview of the advances in quantum photonic chips for quantum communication, beginning with a summary of the prevalent photonic integrated fabrication platforms and key components for integrated quantum communication systems. We then discuss a range of quantum communication applications, such as quantum key distribution and quantum teleportation. Finally, the review culminates with a perspective on challenges towards high-performance chip-based quantum communication, as well as a glimpse into future opportunities for integrated quantum networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lin Cao
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lingxiao Wan
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hui Zhang
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shuyi Li
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Guanyu Chen
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuan Li
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Sijin Li
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yunxiang Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610054, Chengdu, China
| | - Shihai Sun
- School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, 518100, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Faeyz Karim
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Hong Cai
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138634, Singapore.
| | - Leong Chuan Kwek
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637616, Singapore.
| | - Ai Qun Liu
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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17
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Yan Z, Jia X. Teleportation goes to Hertz rate. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:167. [PMID: 37407579 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantum teleportation has been developed to simultaneously realize the Hertz rate and the 64-km distance through fiber channels, which is essential to real-world application of quantum network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaojun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, China.
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18
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Mastriani M. Teleporting digital images. OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS 2023; 55:498. [DOI: 10.1007/s11082-023-04749-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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19
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Shen S, Yuan C, Zhang Z, Yu H, Zhang R, Yang C, Li H, Wang Z, Wang Y, Deng G, Song H, You L, Fan Y, Guo G, Zhou Q. Hertz-rate metropolitan quantum teleportation. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:115. [PMID: 37164962 PMCID: PMC10172182 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantum teleportation can transfer an unknown quantum state between distant quantum nodes, which holds great promise in enabling large-scale quantum networks. To advance the full potential of quantum teleportation, quantum states must be faithfully transferred at a high rate over long distance. Despite recent impressive advances, a high-rate quantum teleportation system across metropolitan fiber networks is extremely desired. Here, we demonstrate a quantum teleportation system which transfers quantum states carried by independent photons at a rate of 7.1 ± 0.4 Hz over 64-km-long fiber channel. An average single-photon fidelity of ≥90.6 ± 2.6% is achieved, which exceeds the maximum fidelity of 2/3 in classical regime. Our result marks an important milestone towards quantum networks and opens the door to exploring quantum entanglement based informatic applications for the future quantum internet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Shen
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Chenzhi Yuan
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Zichang Zhang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Ruiming Zhang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Chuanrong Yang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Hao Li
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - You Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Southwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guangwei Deng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Haizhi Song
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Southwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lixing You
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Yunru Fan
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Guangcan Guo
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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20
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Chuang YL, Ullah R, Yu IA. Optical-density enhanced quantum entanglement via four-wave mixing process. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:13911-13922. [PMID: 37157266 DOI: 10.1364/oe.484093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically propose a scheme to generate a strong continuous-variable quantum entangled light source in four-wave mixing (FWM) process by increasing the optical density of atomic medium. By properly choosing the input coupling field Rabi frequency and detuning, the optimized entanglement can be achieved to be better than -17 dB at an optical density of approximately 1, 000, which has been realized in atomic media. Besides, with the optimized one-photon detuning and coupling Rabi frequency, the optimum entanglement degree can be greatly enhanced with the increment of optical density. We also examine the effects of atomic decoherence rate and two-photon detuning on entanglement in a realistic setting, and evaluate the experimental feasibility. We find that the entanglement can be further improved by considering two-photon detuning. In addition, with optimum parameters the entanglement is robust against the decoherence. The strong entanglement provides a promising applications in continuous-variable quantum communications.
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21
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Lago-Rivera D, Rakonjac JV, Grandi S, Riedmatten HD. Long distance multiplexed quantum teleportation from a telecom photon to a solid-state qubit. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1889. [PMID: 37019899 PMCID: PMC10076279 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37518-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum teleportation is an essential capability for quantum networks, allowing the transmission of quantum bits (qubits) without a direct exchange of quantum information. Its implementation between distant parties requires teleportation of the quantum information to matter qubits that store it for long enough to allow users to perform further processing. Here we demonstrate long distance quantum teleportation from a photonic qubit at telecom wavelength to a matter qubit, stored as a collective excitation in a solid-state quantum memory. Our system encompasses an active feed-forward scheme, implementing a conditional phase shift on the qubit retrieved from the memory, as required by the protocol. Moreover, our approach is time-multiplexed, allowing for an increase in the teleportation rate, and is directly compatible with the deployed telecommunication networks, two key features for its scalability and practical implementation, that will play a pivotal role in the development of long-distance quantum communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Lago-Rivera
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Jelena V Rakonjac
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Samuele Grandi
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Hugues de Riedmatten
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain.
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08015, Barcelona, Spain.
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22
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Kwiatkowski A, Shojaee E, Agrawal S, Kyle A, Rau CL, Glancy S, Knill E. Constraints on Gaussian Error Channels and Measurements for Quantum Communication. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A 2023; 107:10.1103/PhysRevA.107.042604. [PMID: 37965435 PMCID: PMC10644955 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.107.042604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Joint Gaussian measurements of two quantum systems are important for quantum communication between remote parties and are often used in continuous-variable teleportation or entanglement-swapping protocols. Many of the errors in real-world implementations can be modeled by independent Gaussian error channels acting prior to measurement. In this work we study independent single-mode Gaussian error channels on two modes A and B that take place prior to a joint Gaussian measurement. We determine the set of pairs of such channels that render all Gaussian measurements separable, and therefore unsuitable for entanglement swapping or teleportation of arbitrary input states. For example, if the error channels are loss with parameters l A , l B followed by added noise with parameters n A , n B then all Gaussian measurements are separable if and only if l A + l B + n A + n B ≥ 1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kwiatkowski
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | - Ezad Shojaee
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | - Sristy Agrawal
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | - Akira Kyle
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | - Curtis L Rau
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | - Scott Glancy
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Emanuel Knill
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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23
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Zhou Y, Wang W, Song T, Wang X, Zhu Q, Zhang K, Liu S, Jing J. Ultra-Large-Scale Deterministic Entanglement Containing 2×20 400 Optical Modes Based on Time-Delayed Quantum Interferometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:060801. [PMID: 36827564 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.060801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantum entanglement is an indispensable resource for implementing quantum information processing. The scale of quantum entanglement directly determines its quantum information processing capability. Therefore, it is of great importance to generate ultra-large-scale (ULS) quantum entanglement for the development of quantum information science and technology. Many efforts have been made to increase the scale of quantum entanglement. Recently, time-domain multiplexing has been introduced into continuous-variable (CV) quantum systems to greatly enlarge the scale of quantum entanglement. In this Letter, based on a time-delayed quantum interferometer, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a scheme for generating an ULS CV deterministic entanglement containing 2×20 400 optical modes. In addition, such ULS entanglement contains 81 596 squeezed modes. Our results provide a new platform for implementing ULS CV quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Tingting Song
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xutong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Qiqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jietai Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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24
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Nadgaran H, Izadi MA, Nouroozi R. Squeezed states generation by nonlinear plasmonic waveguides: a novel analysis including loss, phase mismatch and source depletion. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1075. [PMID: 36658325 PMCID: PMC9852266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, a full numerical method to study the squeezing procedure through second harmonic generation process is proposed. The method includes complex nonlinear coupling coefficient, phase mismatch, and pump depletion. Attention has been also paid to the effects of accumulated noises in this work. The final form of the numerical formula seems to be much simpler than the analytical solutions previously reported. The function of this numerical method shows that it works accurately for different mechanisms of squeezed state generations and does not suffer from instabilities usually encountered even for non-uniform, coarse steps. The proposed method is used to examine the squeezing procedure in an engineered nonlinear plasmonic waveguide. The results show that using the nonlinear plasmonic waveguide, it is possible to generate the squeezed states for the pump and the second harmonic modes with high efficiency in a propagation length as short as 2 mm which is much shorter than the needed length for the traditional nonlinear lithium niobate- based optical waveguides being of the order of 100 mm. This new method of squeezed states generation may find applications in optical communication with a noise level well below the standard quantum limit, in quantum teleportation, and in super sensitive interferometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Nadgaran
- grid.412573.60000 0001 0745 1259Department of Physics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454 Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Izadi
- grid.412573.60000 0001 0745 1259Department of Physics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454 Iran
| | - Rahman Nouroozi
- grid.418601.a0000 0004 0405 6626Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, 45137-66731 Iran
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25
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Nahla AA, Othman AA. Effect of Mth coherent state on the interaction between two two-level atoms and two-mode quantized field. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2022.2141026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah A. Nahla
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Anas A. Othman
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Grebien S, Göttsch J, Hage B, Fiurášek J, Schnabel R. Multistep Two-Copy Distillation of Squeezed States via Two-Photon Subtraction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:273604. [PMID: 36638289 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.273604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Squeezed states are nonclassical resources of quantum cryptography and photonic quantum computing. The higher the squeeze factor, the greater the quantum advantage. Limitations are set by the effective nonlinearity of the pumped medium and energy loss on the squeezed states produced. Here, we experimentally analyze for the first time the multistep distillation of squeezed states that in the ideal case can approach an infinite squeeze factor. Heralded by the probabilistic subtraction of two photons, the first step increased our squeezing from 2.4 to 2.8 dB. The second step was a two-copy Gaussification, which we emulated. For this, we simultaneously measured orthogonal quadratures of the distilled state and found by probabilistic postprocessing an enhancement from 2.8 to 3.4 dB. Our new approach is able to increase the squeeze factor beyond the limit set by the effective nonlinearity of the pumped medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Grebien
- Institut für Laserphysik & Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Göttsch
- Institut für Laserphysik & Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Boris Hage
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jaromír Fiurášek
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Schnabel
- Institut für Laserphysik & Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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27
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Wang S, Han XH, Li WC, Qian T, Fan X, Xiao Y, Gu YJ. Protecting nonlocal quantum correlations in correlated squeezed generalized amplitude damping channel. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20481. [PMID: 36443637 PMCID: PMC9705301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonlocal quantum correlations, such as quantum entanglement, quantum steering, and Bell nonlocality, are crucial resources for quantum information tasks. How to protect these quantum resources from decoherence is one of the most urgent problems to be solved. Here, we investigate the evolution of these correlations in the correlated squeezed generalized amplitude damping (SGAD) channel and propose a scheme to protect them with weak measurement (WM) and quantum measurement reversal (QMR). Compared with the results of the uncorrelated SGAD channel, we find that when [Formula: see text], correlation and squeezing effects can prolong the survival time of quantum entanglement, Bell nonlocality, and quantum steering by about 152 times, 207 times, and 10 times, respectively. In addition, local WM and QMR can effectively recover the disappeared nonlocal quantum correlations either in uncorrelated or completely correlated SGAD channels. Moreover, we find that these initial nonlocal quantum correlations could be drastically amplified under the correlated channel. And the steering direction can be flexibly manipulated either by changing the channel parameters or the strength of WM and QMR. These results not only make a step forward in suppressing decoherence and enhancing quantum correlation in noise channels, but also help to develop relevant practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hong Han
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Chen Li
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Qian
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Fan
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Xiao
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong-Jian Gu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Li J, Zeng J, Li F, Zhang Y, Cai Y. Optimal bright multimode quantum squeezing via multi-seeding energy-level cascaded four-wave mixing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:39762-39774. [PMID: 36298921 DOI: 10.1364/oe.463900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Quantum Squeezing is one of the most important quantum resources in quantum optics and quantum information. In particular, multimode quantum squeezing, with ultra-low quantum fluctuations and quantum correlations amongst many optical modes, is essential for realizing multipartite entanglement and quantum precision measurements. In this paper, we propose an all-optically controlled scheme to generate three-mode bright quantum correlated beams from energy-level cascaded four-wave mixing (ELC-FWM). By using a linear modes transform approach, the input-output relation and the covariance matrix of the produced states are obtained. Moreover, single-, double- and triple-seeding conditions are investigated to measure the quantum squeezing properties. We find that various permutations of two- and three-mode quadrature squeezing can be generated and optimized to reach the corresponding limit, via only modulating the ratio of the multiple seeds, without need of any post-operating linear optics, e.g., beam splitters. Such weak seeding light controlled scheme suggests the modulation and the optimization of multimode quantum states might be operated at photons-level, providing a reconfigurable and integrated strategy for complex quantum information processing and quantum metrology.
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29
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Shajilal B, Thearle O, Tranter A, Lu Y, Huntington E, Assad S, Lam PK, Janousek J. 12.6 dB squeezed light at 1550 nm from a bow-tie cavity for long-term high duty cycle operation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:37213-37223. [PMID: 36258313 DOI: 10.1364/oe.465521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Squeezed states are an interesting class of quantum states that have numerous applications. This work presents the design, characterization, and operation of a bow-tie optical parametric amplifier (OPA) for squeezed vacuum generation. We report the high duty cycle operation and long-term stability of the system that makes it suitable for post-selection based continuous-variable quantum information protocols, cluster-state quantum computing, quantum metrology, and potentially gravitational wave detectors. Over a 50 hour continuous operation, the measured squeezing levels were greater than 10 dB with a duty cycle of 96.6%. Alternatively, in a different mode of operation, the squeezer can also operate 10 dB below the quantum noise limit over a 12 hour period with no relocks, with an average squeezing of 11.9 dB. We also measured a maximum squeezing level of 12.6 dB at 1550 nm. This represents one of the best reported squeezing results at 1550 nm to date for a bow-tie cavity. We discuss the design aspects of the experiment that contribute to the overall stability, reliability, and longevity of the OPA, along with the automated locking schemes and different modes of operation.
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30
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Zhang H, Wan L, Haug T, Mok WK, Paesani S, Shi Y, Cai H, Chin LK, Karim MF, Xiao L, Luo X, Gao F, Dong B, Assad S, Kim MS, Laing A, Kwek LC, Liu AQ. Resource-efficient high-dimensional subspace teleportation with a quantum autoencoder. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn9783. [PMID: 36206336 PMCID: PMC9544333 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn9783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Quantum autoencoders serve as efficient means for quantum data compression. Here, we propose and demonstrate their use to reduce resource costs for quantum teleportation of subspaces in high-dimensional systems. We use a quantum autoencoder in a compress-teleport-decompress manner and report the first demonstration with qutrits using an integrated photonic platform for future scalability. The key strategy is to compress the dimensionality of input states by erasing redundant information and recover the initial states after chip-to-chip teleportation. Unsupervised machine learning is applied to train the on-chip autoencoder, enabling the compression and teleportation of any state from a high-dimensional subspace. Unknown states are decompressed at a high fidelity (~0.971), obtaining a total teleportation fidelity of ~0.894. Subspace encodings hold great potential as they support enhanced noise robustness and increased coherence. Laying the groundwork for machine learning techniques in quantum systems, our scheme opens previously unidentified paths toward high-dimensional quantum computing and networking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lingxiao Wan
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Tobias Haug
- Quantum Optics and Laser Science, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW72AZ, UK
| | - Wai-Keong Mok
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Block S15, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Stefano Paesani
- Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Quantum Engineering Technology Labs, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hong Cai
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Lip Ket Chin
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Muhammad Faeyz Karim
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Limin Xiao
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xianshu Luo
- Advanced Micro Foundry, 11 Science Park Road, Singapore 117685 Singapore
| | - Feng Gao
- Advanced Micro Foundry, 11 Science Park Road, Singapore 117685 Singapore
| | - Bin Dong
- Advanced Micro Foundry, 11 Science Park Road, Singapore 117685 Singapore
| | - Syed Assad
- Department of Quantum Science, Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - M. S. Kim
- Quantum Optics and Laser Science, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW72AZ, UK
| | - Anthony Laing
- Quantum Engineering Technology Labs, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Leong Chuan Kwek
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Block S15, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- National Institute of Education, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616 Singapore
| | - Ai Qun Liu
- Quantum Science and Engineering Centre (QSec), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Nehra R, Sekine R, Ledezma L, Guo Q, Gray RM, Roy A, Marandi A. Few-cycle vacuum squeezing in nanophotonics. Science 2022; 377:1333-1337. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abo6213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
One of the most fundamental quantum states of light is the squeezed vacuum, in which noise in one of the quadratures is less than the standard quantum noise limit. In nanophotonics, it remains challenging to generate, manipulate, and measure such a quantum state with the performance required for a wide range of scalable quantum information systems. Here, we report the development of a lithium niobate–based nanophotonic platform to demonstrate the generation and all-optical measurement of squeezed states on the same chip. The generated squeezed states span more than 25 terahertz of bandwidth supporting just a few optical cycles. The measured 4.9 decibels of squeezing surpass the requirements for a wide range of quantum information systems, demonstrating a practical path toward scalable ultrafast quantum nanophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajveer Nehra
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ryoto Sekine
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Luis Ledezma
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - Qiushi Guo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Robert M. Gray
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Arkadev Roy
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Alireza Marandi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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32
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Kala V, Filip R, Marek P. Cubic nonlinear squeezing and its decoherence. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:31456-31471. [PMID: 36242226 DOI: 10.1364/oe.464759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Squeezed states of the harmonic oscillator are a common resource in applications of quantum technology. If the noise is suppressed in a nonlinear combination of quadrature operators below threshold for all possible up-to-quadratic Hamiltonians, the quantum states are non-Gaussian and we refer to the noise reduction as nonlinear squeezing. Non-Gaussian aspects of quantum states are often more vulnerable to decoherence due to imperfections appearing in realistic experimental implementations. Therefore, a stability of nonlinear squeezing is essential. We analyze the behavior of quantum states with cubic nonlinear squeezing under loss and dephasing. The properties of nonlinear squeezed states depend on their initial parameters which can be optimized and adjusted to achieve the maximal robustness for the potential applications.
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33
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Deliyannis P, Sud J, Chamaki D, Webb-Mack Z, Bauer CW, Nachman B. Improving quantum simulation efficiency of final state radiation with dynamic quantum circuits. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.036007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wang F, Wang C, Shen K, Hu X. Stable entanglement and one-way steering via engineering of a single-atom reservoir. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:15830-15845. [PMID: 36221440 DOI: 10.1364/oe.452974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we reexamine the quantum correlations in a four-state single-atom system in the weak coupling regime, aiming at the realization of stable entanglement and one-way steering via dissipation rather than coherent evolution process. Under the near-resonant conditions, we find out that a single atom can act as a reservoir and behave like a two-level system with a single dissipation channel, through which the composite Bogoliubov mode will evolve into a vacuum state, resulting in the appearance of stationary entanglement between two original modes. In addition, the one-way steering is generated when the symmetry is broken by choosing asymmetrical coupling constants. The present scheme may provide convenience for experimental implement and find applications in quantum information processing.
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35
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Yu Z, Liu S, Guo J, Bao G, Wu Y, Chen L. Enhancing vacuum squeezing via magnetic field optimization. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:17106-17114. [PMID: 36221540 DOI: 10.1364/oe.455071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report on -3.5±0.2 dB vacuum squeezing (corresponding to -4.2±0.2 dB with loss correction) at 795 nm via the polarization self-rotation (PSR) effect in rubidium vapor by applying a magnetic field, whose direction is perpendicular to the propagation and polarization of the pump light. Compared with the case without the magnetic field, whose optimal squeezing degree is about -1.5 dB, this weak magnetic field can enhance the PSR effect and ultimately increase the squeezing degree. This compact squeezed light source can be potentially utilized in quantum protocols in which atomic ensembles are involved, such as in quantum memory, atomic magnetometers and quantum interferometers.
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36
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Nair R, Tham GY, Gu M. Optimal Gain Sensing of Quantum-Limited Phase-Insensitive Amplifiers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:180506. [PMID: 35594116 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.180506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phase-insensitive optical amplifiers uniformly amplify each quadrature of an input field and are of both fundamental and technological importance. We find the quantum limit on the precision of estimating the gain of a quantum-limited phase-insensitive amplifier using a multimode probe that may also be entangled with an ancilla system. In stark contrast to the sensing of loss parameters, the average photon number N and number of input modes M of the probe are found to be equivalent and interchangeable resources for optimal gain sensing. All pure-state probes whose reduced state on the input modes to the amplifier is diagonal in the multimode number basis are proven to be quantum optimal under the same gain-independent measurement. We compare the best precision achievable using classical probes to the performance of an explicit photon-counting-based estimator on quantum probes and show that an advantage exists even for single-photon probes and inefficient photodetection. A closed-form expression for the energy-constrained Bures distance between two product amplifier channels is also derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjith Nair
- Nanyang Quantum Hub, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 639673
- Complexity Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637460
| | - Guo Yao Tham
- Nanyang Quantum Hub, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 639673
| | - Mile Gu
- Nanyang Quantum Hub, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 639673
- Complexity Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637460
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543
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37
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Hermans SLN, Pompili M, Beukers HKC, Baier S, Borregaard J, Hanson R. Qubit teleportation between non-neighbouring nodes in a quantum network. Nature 2022; 605:663-668. [PMID: 35614248 PMCID: PMC9132773 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Future quantum internet applications will derive their power from the ability to share quantum information across the network1,2. Quantum teleportation allows for the reliable transfer of quantum information between distant nodes, even in the presence of highly lossy network connections3. Although many experimental demonstrations have been performed on different quantum network platforms4-10, moving beyond directly connected nodes has, so far, been hindered by the demanding requirements on the pre-shared remote entanglement, joint qubit readout and coherence times. Here we realize quantum teleportation between remote, non-neighbouring nodes in a quantum network. The network uses three optically connected nodes based on solid-state spin qubits. The teleporter is prepared by establishing remote entanglement on the two links, followed by entanglement swapping on the middle node and storage in a memory qubit. We demonstrate that, once successful preparation of the teleporter is heralded, arbitrary qubit states can be teleported with fidelity above the classical bound, even with unit efficiency. These results are enabled by key innovations in the qubit readout procedure, active memory qubit protection during entanglement generation and tailored heralding that reduces remote entanglement infidelities. Our work demonstrates a prime building block for future quantum networks and opens the door to exploring teleportation-based multi-node protocols and applications2,11-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L N Hermans
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - M Pompili
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - H K C Beukers
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - S Baier
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.,Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Borregaard
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - R Hanson
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
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38
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Chen PK, Briggs I, Hou S, Fan L. Ultra-broadband quadrature squeezing with thin-film lithium niobate nanophotonics. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:1506-1509. [PMID: 35290350 DOI: 10.1364/ol.447695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Squeezed light is a key quantum resource that enables quantum advantages for sensing, networking, and computing applications. The scalable generation and manipulation of squeezed light with integrated platforms are highly desired for the development of quantum technology with continuous variables. In this Letter, we demonstrate squeezed light generation with thin-film lithium niobate integrated photonics. Parametric down-conversion is realized with quasi-phase matching using ferroelectric domain engineering. With sub-wavelength mode confinement, efficient nonlinear processes can be observed with single-pass configuration. We measure 0.56 ± 0.09 dB quadrature squeezing (∼2.6 dB inferred on-chip). The single-pass configuration further enables the generation of squeezed light with large spectral bandwidth up to 7 THz. This work represents a significant step towards the on-chip implementation of continuous-variable quantum information processing.
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39
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Biele J, Tasker JF, Silverstone JW, Matthews JCF. Shot-noise limited homodyne detection for MHz quantum light characterisation in the 2 µm band. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:7716-7724. [PMID: 35299527 DOI: 10.1364/oe.450217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Characterising quantum states of light in the 2 µm band requires high-performance shot-noise limited detectors. Here, we present the characterisation of a homodyne detector that we use to observe vacuum shot-noise via homodyne measurement with a 2.07 µm pulsed mode-locked laser. The device is designed primarily for pulsed illumination. It has a 3-dB bandwidth of 13.2 MHz, total conversion efficiency of 57% at 2.07 µm, and a common-mode rejection ratio of 48 dB at 39.5 MHz. The detector begins to saturate at 1.8 mW with 9 dB of shot-noise clearance at 5 MHz. This demonstration enables the characterisation of megahertz-quantum optical behaviour in the 2 µm band and provides a guide of how to design a 2 µm homodyne detector for quantum applications.
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40
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Hsieh HY, Chen YR, Wu HC, Chen HL, Ning J, Huang YC, Wu CM, Lee RK. Extract the Degradation Information in Squeezed States with Machine Learning. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:073604. [PMID: 35244420 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.073604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to leverage the full power of quantum noise squeezing with unavoidable decoherence, a complete understanding of the degradation in the purity of squeezed light is demanded. By implementing machine-learning architecture with a convolutional neural network, we illustrate a fast, robust, and precise quantum state tomography for continuous variables, through the experimentally measured data generated from the balanced homodyne detectors. Compared with the maximum likelihood estimation method, which suffers from time-consuming and overfitting problems, a well-trained machine fed with squeezed vacuum and squeezed thermal states can complete the task of reconstruction of the density matrix in less than one second. Moreover, the resulting fidelity remains as high as 0.99 even when the antisqueezing level is higher than 20 dB. Compared with the phase noise and loss mechanisms coupled from the environment and surrounding vacuum, experimentally, the degradation information is unveiled with machine learning for low and high noisy scenarios, i.e., with the antisqueezing levels at 12 dB and 18 dB, respectively. Our neural network enhanced quantum state tomography provides the metrics to give physical descriptions of every feature observed in the quantum state with a single scan measurement just by varying the local oscillator phase from 0 to 2π and paves a way of exploring large-scale quantum systems in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Yi Hsieh
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Chung Wu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hua Li Chen
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jingyu Ning
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chin Huang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Wu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Kuang Lee
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Quantum Technology, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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41
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Wu L, Chai T, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Qin J, Yan Z, Jia X. Deterministic distribution of multipartite entanglement in a quantum network by continuous-variable polarization states. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:6388-6396. [PMID: 35209578 DOI: 10.1364/oe.451062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantum network plays a vitally important role in the practical application of quantum information, which requires the deterministic entanglement distribution among multiple remote users. Here, we propose a feasible scheme to deterministically distribute quadripartite entanglement by continuous-variable (CV) polarization states. The quantum server prepares the quadripartite CV polarization entanglement and distributes them to four remote users via optical fiber. In this way, the measurement of CV polarization entanglement is local oscillation free, which makes the long distance entanglement distribution in commercial optical fiber communication networks possible. Furthermore, both the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-like (GHZ-like) and cluster-like polarization entangled states can be distributed among four users by controlling the beam splitter network in quantum server, which are confirmed by the extended criteria for polarization entanglement of multipartite optical modes. The protocol provides the direct reference for experimental implementation and can be directly extended to quantum network with more users, which is essential for a metropolitan quantum network.
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42
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Tian Y, Sun X, Wang Y, Li Q, Tian L, Zheng Y. Cavity enhanced parametric homodyne detection of a squeezed quantum comb. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:533-536. [PMID: 35103674 DOI: 10.1364/ol.446645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A squeezed state with higher-order sidebands is a valuable quantum resource for channel multiplexing quantum communication. However, balanced homodyne detection used in nonclassical light detection has a trade-off performance between the detection bandwidth and clearance, in which the verification of a highly squeezing factor faces a challenge. Here, we construct two optical parametric amplifiers with cavity enhancement; one is for the generation of a -10.5 dB squeezed vacuum state, and the other is for all-optical phase-sensitive parametric homodyne detection. Finally, -6.5 dB squeezing at the carrier with 17 pairs of squeezing sidebands (bandwidth of 156 GHz) is directly and simultaneously observed. In particular, for the cavity-enhanced parametric oscillation and detection processes, we analyze the limiting factors of the detectable bandwidth and measurement deviation from the generated value, which indicates that the length difference and propagation loss between two optical parametric amplifiers should be as small as possible to improve the detection performance. The experimental results confirm our theoretical analysis.
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43
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Zhao H, Feng J, Sun J, Li Y, Zhang K. Real time deterministic quantum teleportation over 10 km of single optical fiber channel. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:3770-3782. [PMID: 35209629 DOI: 10.1364/oe.447603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A real time deterministic quantum teleportation over a single fiber channel was implemented experimentally by exploiting the generated EPR entanglement at 1550 nm. A 1342 nm laser beam was used to transfer the classical information in real time and also acted as a synchronous beam to realize the synchronization of the quantum and classical information. The dependence of the fidelity on the transmission distance of the fiber channel was studied experimentally with optimizing the transmission efficiency of the lossy channel that was established to manipulate the beam of the EPR entanglement in Alice's site. The maximum transmission distance of the deterministic quantum teleportation was 10 km with the fidelity of 0.51 ± 0.01, which is higher than the classical teleportation limit of 1/2. The work provides a feasible scheme to establish metropolitan quantum networks over fiber channels based on deterministic quantum teleportation.
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44
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Fedorov KG, Renger M, Pogorzalek S, Di Candia R, Chen Q, Nojiri Y, Inomata K, Nakamura Y, Partanen M, Marx A, Gross R, Deppe F. Experimental quantum teleportation of propagating microwaves. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabk0891. [PMID: 34936429 PMCID: PMC8694421 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The field of quantum communication promises to provide efficient and unconditionally secure ways to exchange information, particularly, in the form of quantum states. Meanwhile, recent breakthroughs in quantum computation with superconducting circuits trigger a demand for quantum communication channels between spatially separated superconducting processors operating at microwave frequencies. In pursuit of this goal, we demonstrate the unconditional quantum teleportation of propagating coherent microwave states by exploiting two-mode squeezing and analog feedforward over a macroscopic distance of d = 0.42 m. We achieve a teleportation fidelity of F = 0.689 ± 0.004, exceeding the asymptotic no-cloning threshold. Thus, the quantum nature of the teleported states is preserved, opening the avenue toward unconditional security in microwave quantum communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill G. Fedorov
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Michael Renger
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Stefan Pogorzalek
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Roberto Di Candia
- Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Qiming Chen
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Yuki Nojiri
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kunihiro Inomata
- RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Nakamura
- RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Matti Partanen
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Achim Marx
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Rudolf Gross
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Deppe
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80799 Munich, Germany
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Luo YH, Chen MC, Erhard M, Zhong HS, Wu D, Tang HY, Zhao Q, Wang XL, Fujii K, Li L, Liu NL, Nemoto K, Munro WJ, Lu CY, Zeilinger A, Pan JW. Quantum teleportation of physical qubits into logical code spaces. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2026250118. [PMID: 34479998 PMCID: PMC8433538 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2026250118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum error correction is an essential tool for reliably performing tasks for processing quantum information on a large scale. However, integration into quantum circuits to achieve these tasks is problematic when one realizes that nontransverse operations, which are essential for universal quantum computation, lead to the spread of errors. Quantum gate teleportation has been proposed as an elegant solution for this. Here, one replaces these fragile, nontransverse inline gates with the generation of specific, highly entangled offline resource states that can be teleported into the circuit to implement the nontransverse gate. As the first important step, we create a maximally entangled state between a physical and an error-correctable logical qubit and use it as a teleportation resource. We then demonstrate the teleportation of quantum information encoded on the physical qubit into the error-corrected logical qubit with fidelities up to 0.786. Our scheme can be designed to be fully fault tolerant so that it can be used in future large-scale quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Han Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Manuel Erhard
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Han-Sen Zhong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Dian Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hao-Yang Tang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xi-Lin Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Keisuke Fujii
- Division of Advanced Electronics and Optical Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Li Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Nai-Le Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Kae Nemoto
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Physics, NTT Corporation, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
- National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
| | - William J Munro
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Physics, NTT Corporation, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
- National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
| | - Chao-Yang Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Anton Zeilinger
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Chen Y, Liu S, Lou Y, Jing J. Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexed Quantum Dense Coding. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:093601. [PMID: 34506169 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.093601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To beat the channel capacity limit of conventional quantum dense coding (QDC) with fixed quantum resources, we experimentally implement the orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexed QDC (MQDC) in a continuous variable system based on a four-wave mixing process. First, we experimentally demonstrate that the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement source coded on OAM modes can be used in a single channel to realize the QDC scheme. Then, we implement the OAM MQDC scheme by using the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement source coded on OAM superposition modes. In the end, we make an explicit comparison of channel capacities for four different schemes and find that the channel capacity of the OAM MQDC scheme is substantially enhanced compared to the conventional QDC scheme without multiplexing. The channel capacity of our OAM MQDC scheme can be further improved by increasing the squeezing parameter and the number of multiplexed OAM modes in the channel. Our results open an avenue to construct high-capacity quantum communication networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yanbo Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jietai Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Joint Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- CAS Center for Excellent in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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47
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Lipka-Bartosik P, Skrzypczyk P. Catalytic Quantum Teleportation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:080502. [PMID: 34477432 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.080502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we address fundamental limitations of quantum teleportation-the process of transferring quantum information using classical communication and preshared entanglement. We develop a new teleportation protocol based upon the idea of using ancillary entanglement catalytically, i.e., without depleting it. This protocol is then used to show that catalytic entanglement allows for a noiseless quantum channel to be simulated with a quality that could never be achieved using only entanglement from the shared state, even for catalysts with a small dimension. On the one hand, this allows for a more faithful transmission of quantum information using generic states and fixed amount of consumed entanglement. On the other hand, this shows, for the first time, that entanglement catalysis provides a genuine advantage in a generic quantum-information processing task. Finally, we show that similar ideas can be directly applied to study quantum catalysis for more general problems in quantum mechanics. As an application, we show that catalysts can activate so-called passive states, a concept that finds widespread application, e.g., in quantum thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Lipka-Bartosik
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Skrzypczyk
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
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48
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Tian L, Shi S, Li Y, Wu Y, Li W, Wang Y, Liu Q, Zheng Y. Entangled sideband control scheme via frequency-comb-type seed beam. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:3989-3992. [PMID: 34388792 DOI: 10.1364/ol.433440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a control scheme of entangled sideband modes without coherent amplitude by employing a frequency-comb-type seed beam. In this scheme, each tooth of the frequency comb serves as a control field for the corresponding downconversion mode. Consequently, all the degrees of freedom can be actively controlled, and the entanglement degrees are higher than 6.7 dB for two pairs of sidebands. We believe that this scheme provides a simple solution for the control of sideband modes, which could be further applied to achieve compact channel multiplexing quantum communications.
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Kang H, Liu Y, Han D, Wang N, Su X. Experimental demonstration of the conversion of local and correlated Gaussian quantum coherence. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:3817-3820. [PMID: 34388749 DOI: 10.1364/ol.428597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantum coherence plays an important role in quantum information processing. In this Letter, we experimentally demonstrate the conversion of local and correlated Gaussian quantum coherence in the process of converting two squeezed states into an entangled state. We also investigate the relationship among total, local, and correlated coherence and show that the total coherence of a two-mode Gaussian state is the sum of local quantum coherence of each mode and the correlated quantum coherence between two modes. Our results highlight the connection of different quantum coherence in a two-mode Gaussian system and provide references for potential application.
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50
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Yang Z, Jahanbozorgi M, Jeong D, Sun S, Pfister O, Lee H, Yi X. A squeezed quantum microcomb on a chip. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4781. [PMID: 34362920 PMCID: PMC8346494 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25054-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The optical microresonator-based frequency comb (microcomb) provides a versatile platform for nonlinear physics studies and has wide applications ranging from metrology to spectroscopy. The deterministic quantum regime is an unexplored aspect of microcombs, in which unconditional entanglements among hundreds of equidistant frequency modes can serve as critical ingredients to scalable universal quantum computing and quantum networking. Here, we demonstrate a deterministic quantum microcomb in a silica microresonator on a silicon chip. 40 continuous-variable quantum modes, in the form of 20 simultaneously two-mode squeezed comb pairs, are observed within 1 THz optical span at telecommunication wavelengths. A maximum raw squeezing of 1.6 dB is attained. A high-resolution spectroscopy measurement is developed to characterize the frequency equidistance of quantum microcombs. Our demonstration offers the possibility to leverage deterministically generated, frequency multiplexed quantum states and integrated photonics to open up new avenues in fields of spectroscopy, quantum metrology, and scalable, continuous-variable-based quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiao Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mandana Jahanbozorgi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Dongin Jeong
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Shuman Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Olivier Pfister
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Hansuek Lee
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Xu Yi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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