1
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Young AW, Geller S, Eckner WJ, Schine N, Glancy S, Knill E, Kaufman AM. An atomic boson sampler. Nature 2024; 629:311-316. [PMID: 38720040 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
A boson sampler implements a restricted model of quantum computing. It is defined by the ability to sample from the distribution resulting from the interference of identical bosons propagating according to programmable, non-interacting dynamics1. An efficient exact classical simulation of boson sampling is not believed to exist, which has motivated ground-breaking boson sampling experiments in photonics with increasingly many photons2-12. However, it is difficult to generate and reliably evolve specific numbers of photons with low loss, and thus probabilistic techniques for postselection7 or marked changes to standard boson sampling10-12 are generally used. Here, we address the above challenges by implementing boson sampling using ultracold atoms13,14 in a two-dimensional, tunnel-coupled optical lattice. This demonstration is enabled by a previously unrealized combination of tools involving high-fidelity optical cooling and imaging of atoms in a lattice, as well as programmable control of those atoms using optical tweezers. When extended to interacting systems, our work demonstrates the core abilities required to directly assemble ground and excited states in simulations of various Hubbard models15,16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron W Young
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Shawn Geller
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - William J Eckner
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Nathan Schine
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Scott Glancy
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Emanuel Knill
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA
- Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Adam M Kaufman
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
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2
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Boesl J, Zechmann P, Feldmeier J, Knap M. Deconfinement Dynamics of Fractons in Tilted Bose-Hubbard Chains. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:143401. [PMID: 38640374 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.143401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Fractonic constraints can lead to exotic properties of quantum many-body systems. Here, we investigate the dynamics of fracton excitations on top of the ground states of a one-dimensional, dipole-conserving Bose-Hubbard model. We show that nearby fractons undergo a collective motion mediated by exchanging virtual dipole excitations, which provides a powerful dynamical tool to characterize the underlying ground-state phases. We find that, in the gapped Mott insulating phase, fractons are confined to each other as motion requires the exchange of massive dipoles. When crossing the phase transition into a gapless Luttinger liquid of dipoles, fractons deconfine. Their transient deconfinement dynamics scales diffusively and exhibits strong but subleading contributions described by a quantum Lifshitz model. We examine prospects for the experimental realization in tilted Bose-Hubbard chains by numerically simulating the adiabatic state preparation and subsequent time evolution and find clear signatures of the low-energy fracton dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Boesl
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Philip Zechmann
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Johannes Feldmeier
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Michael Knap
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
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3
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Wang QQ, Dong S, Li XW, Xu XY, Wang C, Han S, Yung MH, Han YJ, Li CF, Guo GC. Efficient learning of mixed-state tomography for photonic quantum walk. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl4871. [PMID: 38489356 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl4871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Noise-enhanced applications in open quantum walk (QW) has recently seen a surge due to their ability to improve performance. However, verifying the success of open QW is challenging, as mixed-state tomography is a resource-intensive process, and implementing all required measurements is almost impossible due to various physical constraints. To address this challenge, we present a neural-network-based method for reconstructing mixed states with a high fidelity (∼97.5%) while costing only 50% of the number of measurements typically required for open discrete-time QW in one dimension. Our method uses a neural density operator that models the system and environment, followed by a generalized natural gradient descent procedure that significantly speeds up the training process. Moreover, we introduce a compact interferometric measurement device, improving the scalability of our photonic QW setup that enables experimental learning of mixed states. Our results demonstrate that highly expressive neural networks can serve as powerful alternatives to traditional state tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Qin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shaojun Dong
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Li
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiao-Ye Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Shuai Han
- Yangtze Delta Region Industrial Innovation Center of Quantum and Information Technology, Suzhou 215100, China
| | - Man-Hong Yung
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong-Jian Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230031, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Chuan-Feng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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4
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Evered SJ, Bluvstein D, Kalinowski M, Ebadi S, Manovitz T, Zhou H, Li SH, Geim AA, Wang TT, Maskara N, Levine H, Semeghini G, Greiner M, Vuletić V, Lukin MD. High-fidelity parallel entangling gates on a neutral-atom quantum computer. Nature 2023; 622:268-272. [PMID: 37821591 PMCID: PMC10567572 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability to perform entangling quantum operations with low error rates in a scalable fashion is a central element of useful quantum information processing1. Neutral-atom arrays have recently emerged as a promising quantum computing platform, featuring coherent control over hundreds of qubits2,3 and any-to-any gate connectivity in a flexible, dynamically reconfigurable architecture4. The main outstanding challenge has been to reduce errors in entangling operations mediated through Rydberg interactions5. Here we report the realization of two-qubit entangling gates with 99.5% fidelity on up to 60 atoms in parallel, surpassing the surface-code threshold for error correction6,7. Our method uses fast, single-pulse gates based on optimal control8, atomic dark states to reduce scattering9 and improvements to Rydberg excitation and atom cooling. We benchmark fidelity using several methods based on repeated gate applications10,11, characterize the physical error sources and outline future improvements. Finally, we generalize our method to design entangling gates involving a higher number of qubits, which we demonstrate by realizing low-error three-qubit gates12,13. By enabling high-fidelity operation in a scalable, highly connected system, these advances lay the groundwork for large-scale implementation of quantum algorithms14, error-corrected circuits7 and digital simulations15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Evered
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dolev Bluvstein
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Sepehr Ebadi
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tom Manovitz
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hengyun Zhou
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- QuEra Computing Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sophie H Li
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Tout T Wang
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nishad Maskara
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Harry Levine
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Giulia Semeghini
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Markus Greiner
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vladan Vuletić
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mikhail D Lukin
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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5
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Eckner WJ, Darkwah Oppong N, Cao A, Young AW, Milner WR, Robinson JM, Ye J, Kaufman AM. Realizing spin squeezing with Rydberg interactions in an optical clock. Nature 2023; 621:734-739. [PMID: 37648865 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Neutral-atom arrays trapped in optical potentials are a powerful platform for studying quantum physics, combining precise single-particle control and detection with a range of tunable entangling interactions1-3. For example, these capabilities have been leveraged for state-of-the-art frequency metrology4,5 as well as microscopic studies of entangled many-particle states6-11. Here we combine these applications to realize spin squeezing-a widely studied operation for producing metrologically useful entanglement-in an optical atomic clock based on a programmable array of interacting optical qubits. In this demonstration of Rydberg-mediated squeezing with a neutral-atom optical clock, we generate states that have almost four decibels of metrological gain. In addition, we perform a synchronous frequency comparison between independent squeezed states and observe a fractional-frequency stability of 1.087(1) × 10-15 at one-second averaging time, which is 1.94(1) decibels below the standard quantum limit and reaches a fractional precision at the 10-17 level during a half-hour measurement. We further leverage the programmable control afforded by optical tweezer arrays to apply local phase shifts to explore spin squeezing in measurements that operate beyond the relative coherence time with the optical local oscillator. The realization of this spin-squeezing protocol in a programmable atom-array clock will enable a wide range of quantum-information-inspired techniques for optimal phase estimation and Heisenberg-limited optical atomic clocks12-16.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Eckner
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Nelson Darkwah Oppong
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Alec Cao
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Aaron W Young
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - William R Milner
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - John M Robinson
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Jun Ye
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Adam M Kaufman
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
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6
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Naldesi P, Elben A, Minguzzi A, Clément D, Zoller P, Vermersch B. Fermionic Correlation Functions from Randomized Measurements in Programmable Atomic Quantum Devices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:060601. [PMID: 37625073 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.060601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
We provide an efficient randomized measurement protocol to estimate two- and four-point fermionic correlations in ultracold atom experiments. Our approach is based on combining random atomic beam splitter operations, which can be realized with programmable optical landscapes, with high-resolution imaging systems such as quantum gas microscopes. We illustrate our results in the context of the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm for solving quantum chemistry problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Naldesi
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Andreas Elben
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, Caltech, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, Caltech, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Anna Minguzzi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPMMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - David Clément
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127, Palaiseau, France
| | - Peter Zoller
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Benoît Vermersch
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPMMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
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7
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Katz O, Monroe C. Programmable Quantum Simulations of Bosonic Systems with Trapped Ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:033604. [PMID: 37540877 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.033604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Trapped atomic ion crystals are a leading platform for quantum simulations of spin systems, with programmable and long-range spin-spin interactions mediated by excitations of phonons in the crystal. We describe a complementary approach for quantum simulations of bosonic systems using phonons in trapped-ion crystals, here mediated by excitations of the trapped-ion spins. The scheme enables a high degree of programability across a dense graph of bosonic couplings, utilizing long-lived collective phonon modes in a trapped-ion chain. As such, it is well suited for tackling hard problems such as boson sampling and simulations of long-range bosonic and spin-boson Hamiltonians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Katz
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Christopher Monroe
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
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8
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Delgado F, Enríquez M. Quantum Entanglement and State-Transference in Fenna-Matthews-Olson Complexes: A Post-Experimental Simulation Analysis in the Computational Biology Domain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10862. [PMID: 37446061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fenna-Mathews-Olson complexes participate in the photosynthetic process of Sulfur Green Bacteria. These biological subsystems exhibit quantum features which possibly are responsible for their high efficiency; the latter may comprise multipartite entanglement and the apparent tunnelling of the initial quantum state. At first, to study these aspects, a multidisciplinary approach including experimental biology, spectroscopy, physics, and math modelling is required. Then, a global computer modelling analysis is achieved in the computational biology domain. The current work implements the Hierarchical Equations of Motion to numerically solve the open quantum system problem regarding this complex. The time-evolved states obtained with this method are then analysed under several measures of entanglement, some of them already proposed in the literature. However, for the first time, the maximum overlap with respect to the closest separable state is employed. This authentic multipartite entanglement measure provides information on the correlations, not only based on the system bipartitions as in the usual analysis. Our study has led us to note a different view of FMO multipartite entanglement as tiny contributions to the global entanglement suggested by other more basic measurements. Additionally, in another related trend, the initial state, considered as a Förster Resonance Energy Transfer, is tracked using a novel approach, considering how it could be followed under the fidelity measure on all possible permutations of the FMO subsystems through its dynamical evolution by observing the tunnelling in the most probable locations. Both analyses demanded significant computational work, making for a clear example of the complexity required in computational biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Delgado
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Atizapan 52926, Mexico
| | - Marco Enríquez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Santa Fe 01389, Mexico
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9
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Bilokon V, Bilokon E, Bañuls MC, Cichy A, Sotnikov A. Many-body correlations in one-dimensional optical lattices with alkaline-earth(-like) atoms. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9857. [PMID: 37330574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We explore the rich nature of correlations in the ground state of ultracold atoms trapped in state-dependent optical lattices. In particular, we consider interacting fermionic ytterbium or strontium atoms, realizing a two-orbital Hubbard model with two spin components. We analyze the model in one-dimensional setting with the experimentally relevant hierarchy of tunneling and interaction amplitudes by means of exact diagonalization and matrix product states approaches, and study the correlation functions in density, spin, and orbital sectors as functions of variable densities of atoms in the ground and metastable excited states. We show that in certain ranges of densities these atomic systems demonstrate strong density-wave, ferro- and antiferromagnetic, as well as antiferroorbital correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriia Bilokon
- V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Sq. 4, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Elvira Bilokon
- V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Sq. 4, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mari Carmen Bañuls
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Munich Centre for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799, Munich, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Cichy
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrii Sotnikov
- V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Sq. 4, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine.
- Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology, Akademichna 1, Kharkiv, 61108, Ukraine.
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10
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Liang L, Wang Y, Huang Q, Zheng Q, Chen X, Hu J. Probing quantum phase transition point by tuning an external anti trap. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:16743-16753. [PMID: 37157747 DOI: 10.1364/oe.487196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of ultracold atoms in optical lattices is one of the optimal ways to observe phase transitions of the Hubbard model which is useful in a variety of condensed-matter systems. Bosonic atoms in this model experience a phase transition from superfluids to Mott insulators by tuning systematic parameters. However, in conventional setups, phase transitions take place over a large range of parameters instead of one critical point due to the background inhomogeneity caused by the Gaussian shape of optical-lattice lasers. To probe the phase transition point more precisely in our lattice system, we apply a blue-detuned laser to compensate for this local Gaussian geometry. By inspecting the change of visibility, we find a sudden jump point at one particular trap depth of optical lattices, corresponding to the first appearance of Mott insulators in inhomogeneous systems. This provides a simple method to detect the phase transition point in such inhomogeneous systems. We believe it will be a useful tool for most cold atom experiments.
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11
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Goldsmith M, Saarinen H, García-Pérez G, Malmi J, Rossi MAC, Maniscalco S. Link Prediction with Continuous-Time Classical and Quantum Walks. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 25:e25050730. [PMID: 37238485 DOI: 10.3390/e25050730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks consist of the physical and/or functional interactions between the proteins of an organism, and they form the basis for the field of network medicine. Since the biophysical and high-throughput methods used to form PPI networks are expensive, time-consuming, and often contain inaccuracies, the resulting networks are usually incomplete. In order to infer missing interactions in these networks, we propose a novel class of link prediction methods based on continuous-time classical and quantum walks. In the case of quantum walks, we examine the usage of both the network adjacency and Laplacian matrices for specifying the walk dynamics. We define a score function based on the corresponding transition probabilities and perform tests on six real-world PPI datasets. Our results show that continuous-time classical random walks and quantum walks using the network adjacency matrix can successfully predict missing protein-protein interactions, with performance rivalling the state-of-the-art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Goldsmith
- Algorithmiq Ltd., Kanavakatu 3 C, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland
- Complex Systems Research Group, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Harto Saarinen
- Algorithmiq Ltd., Kanavakatu 3 C, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland
- Complex Systems Research Group, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Guillermo García-Pérez
- Algorithmiq Ltd., Kanavakatu 3 C, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland
- Complex Systems Research Group, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- InstituteQ-The Finnish Quantum Institute, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joonas Malmi
- Algorithmiq Ltd., Kanavakatu 3 C, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- InstituteQ-The Finnish Quantum Institute, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matteo A C Rossi
- Algorithmiq Ltd., Kanavakatu 3 C, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- InstituteQ-The Finnish Quantum Institute, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Sabrina Maniscalco
- Algorithmiq Ltd., Kanavakatu 3 C, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland
- Complex Systems Research Group, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- InstituteQ-The Finnish Quantum Institute, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- InstituteQ-The Finnish Quantum Institute, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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12
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González-Cuadra D, Zache TV, Carrasco J, Kraus B, Zoller P. Hardware Efficient Quantum Simulation of Non-Abelian Gauge Theories with Qudits on Rydberg Platforms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:160501. [PMID: 36306768 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.160501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-Abelian gauge theories underlie our understanding of fundamental forces in nature, and developing tailored quantum hardware and algorithms to simulate them is an outstanding challenge in the rapidly evolving field of quantum simulation. Here we take an approach where gauge fields, discretized in spacetime, are represented by qudits and are time evolved in Trotter steps with multiqudit quantum gates. This maps naturally and hardware efficiently to an architecture based on Rydberg tweezer arrays, where long-lived internal atomic states represent qudits, and the required quantum gates are performed as holonomic operations supported by a Rydberg blockade mechanism. We illustrate our proposal for a minimal digitization of SU(2) gauge fields, demonstrating a significant reduction in circuit depth and gate errors in comparison to a traditional qubit-based approach, which puts simulations of non-Abelian gauge theories within reach of NISQ devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel González-Cuadra
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Torsten V Zache
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jose Carrasco
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Kraus
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Zoller
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Hybrid laser-trapping technique lights the way for neutral atoms. Nature 2022; 609:898-900. [PMID: 36163466 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-022-02953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Trisnadi J, Zhang M, Weiss L, Chin C. Design and construction of a quantum matter synthesizer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:083203. [PMID: 36050064 DOI: 10.1063/5.0100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The quantum matter synthesizer (QMS) is a new quantum simulation platform in which individual particles in a lattice can be resolved and re-arranged into arbitrary patterns. The ability to spatially manipulate ultracold atoms and control their tunneling and interactions at the single-particle level allows full control of a many-body quantum system. We present the design and characterization of the QMS, which integrates into a single ultra-stable apparatus a two-dimensional optical lattice, a moving optical tweezer array formed by a digital micromirror device, and site-resolved atomic imaging. We demonstrate excellent mechanical stability between the lattice and tweezer array with relative fluctuations below 10 nm, diffraction-limited imaging at a resolution of 655 nm, and high-speed real-time control of the tweezer array at a 2.52 kHz refresh rate, which will be adopted to realize fast rearrangement of atoms. The QMS also features new technologies and schemes, such as nanotextured anti-reflective windows and all-optical long-distance transport of atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Trisnadi
- James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Mingjiamei Zhang
- James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Lauren Weiss
- James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Cheng Chin
- James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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