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Vecellio Reane D, Serna JDC, Raffaello A. Unravelling the complexity of the mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter: regulation, tissue specificity, and physiological implications. Cell Calcium 2024; 121:102907. [PMID: 38788256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signalling acts a pleiotropic message within the cell that is decoded by the mitochondria through a sophisticated ion channel known as the Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uniporter (MCU) complex. Under physiological conditions, mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling is crucial for coordinating cell activation with energy production. Conversely, in pathological scenarios, it can determine the fine balance between cell survival and death. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular bases of mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling. This began with the elucidation of the MCU channel components and extended to the elucidation of the mechanisms that regulate its activity. Additionally, increasing evidence suggests molecular mechanisms allowing tissue-specific modulation of the MCU complex, tailoring channel activity to the specific needs of different tissues or cell types. This review aims to explore the latest evidence elucidating the regulation of the MCU complex, the molecular factors controlling the tissue-specific properties of the channel, and the physiological and pathological implications of mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling in different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Vecellio Reane
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Germany.
| | - Julian D C Serna
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Raffaello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
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2
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Kondadi AK, Reichert AS. Mitochondrial Dynamics at Different Levels: From Cristae Dynamics to Interorganellar Cross Talk. Annu Rev Biophys 2024; 53:147-168. [PMID: 38166176 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-030822-020736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles performing important cellular functions ranging from bioenergetics and metabolism to apoptotic signaling and immune responses. They are highly dynamic at different structural and functional levels. Mitochondria have been shown to constantly undergo fusion and fission processes and dynamically interact with other organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, and lipid droplets. The field of mitochondrial dynamics has evolved hand in hand with technological achievements including advanced fluorescence super-resolution nanoscopy. Dynamic remodeling of the cristae membrane within individual mitochondria, discovered very recently, opens up a further exciting layer of mitochondrial dynamics. In this review, we discuss mitochondrial dynamics at the following levels: (a) within an individual mitochondrion, (b) among mitochondria, and (c) between mitochondria and other organelles. Although the three tiers of mitochondrial dynamics have in the past been classified in a hierarchical manner, they are functionally connected and must act in a coordinated manner to maintain cellular functions and thus prevent various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; ,
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; ,
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3
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Gottschalk B, Koshenov Z, Malli R, Graier WF. Implications of mitochondrial membrane potential gradients on signaling and ATP production analyzed by correlative multi-parameter microscopy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14784. [PMID: 38926476 PMCID: PMC11208492 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65595-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex architecture and biochemistry of the inner mitochondrial membrane generate ultra-structures with different phospholipid and protein compositions, shapes, characteristics, and functions. The crista junction (CJ) serves as an important barrier separating the cristae (CM) and inner boundary membranes (IBM). Thereby CJ regulates the movement of ions and ensures distinct electrical potentials across the cristae (ΔΨC) and inner boundary (ΔΨIBM) membranes. We have developed a robust and flexible approach to visualize the CJ permeability with super-resolution microscopy as a readout of local mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨmito) fluctuations. This method involves analyzing the distribution of TMRM fluorescence intensity in a model that is restricted to the mitochondrial geometry. We show that mitochondrial Ca2+ elevation hyperpolarizes the CM most likely caused by Ca2+ sensitive increase of mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and subsequent oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) activity in the cristae. Dynamic multi-parameter correlation measurements of spatial mitochondrial membrane potential gradients, ATP levels, and mitochondrial morphometrics revealed a CJ-based membrane potential overflow valve mechanism protecting the mitochondrial integrity during excessive cristae hyperpolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gottschalk
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Zhanat Koshenov
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed, Graz, Austria.
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Marlar-Pavey M, Tapias-Gomez D, Mettlen M, Friedman JR. Compositionally unique mitochondria in filopodia support cellular migration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.21.600105. [PMID: 38948746 PMCID: PMC11212966 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.21.600105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Local metabolic demand within cells varies widely and the extent to which individual mitochondria can be specialized to meet these functional needs is unclear. We examined the subcellular distribution of MICOS, a spatial and functional organizer of mitochondria, and discovered that it dynamically enriches at the tip of a minor population of mitochondria in the cell periphery that we term "METEORs". METEORs have a unique composition; MICOS enrichment sites are depleted of mtDNA and matrix proteins and contain high levels of the Ca2+ uniporter MCU, suggesting a functional specialization. METEORs are also enriched for the myosin MYO19, which promotes their trafficking to a small subset of filopodia. We identify a positive correlation between the length of filopodia and the presence of METEORs and show that elimination of mitochondria from filopodia impairs cellular motility. Our data reveal a novel type of mitochondrial heterogeneity and suggest compositionally specialized mitochondria support cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Tapias-Gomez
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Marcel Mettlen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jonathan R. Friedman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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5
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Roman B, Mastoor Y, Sun J, Villanueva HC, Hinojosa G, Springer D, Liu JC, Murphy E. MICU3 Regulates Mitochondrial Calcium and Cardiac Hypertrophy. Circ Res 2024; 135:26-40. [PMID: 38747181 PMCID: PMC11189743 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.324026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium (Ca2+) uptake by mitochondria occurs via the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter exists as a complex, regulated by 3 MICU (mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake) proteins localized in the intermembrane space: MICU1, MICU2, and MICU3. Although MICU3 is present in the heart, its role is largely unknown. METHODS We used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate a mouse with global deletion of MICU3 and an adeno-associated virus (AAV9) to overexpress MICU3 in wild-type mice. We examined the role of MICU3 in regulating mitochondrial calcium ([Ca2+]m) in ex vivo hearts using an optical method following adrenergic stimulation in perfused hearts loaded with a Ca2+-sensitive fluorophore. Additionally, we studied how deletion and overexpression of MICU3, respectively, impact cardiac function in vivo by echocardiography and the molecular composition of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter complex via Western blot, immunoprecipitation, and Blue native-PAGE analysis. Finally, we measured MICU3 expression in failing human hearts. RESULTS MICU3 knock out hearts and cardiomyocytes exhibited a significantly smaller increase in [Ca2+]m than wild-type hearts following acute isoproterenol infusion. In contrast, heart with overexpression of MICU3 exhibited an enhanced increase in [Ca2+]m compared with control hearts. Echocardiography analysis showed no significant difference in cardiac function in knock out MICU3 mice relative to wild-type mice at baseline. However, mice with overexpression of MICU3 exhibited significantly reduced ejection fraction and fractional shortening compared with control mice. We observed a significant increase in the ratio of heart weight to tibia length in hearts with overexpression of MICU3 compared with controls, consistent with hypertrophy. We also found a significant decrease in MICU3 protein and expression in failing human hearts. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that increased and decreased expression of MICU3 enhances and reduces, respectively, the uptake of [Ca2+]m in the heart. We conclude that MICU3 plays an important role in regulating [Ca2+]m physiologically, and overexpression of MICU3 is sufficient to induce cardiac hypertrophy, making MICU3 a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Roman
- Cardiac Physiology Lab NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yusuf Mastoor
- Cardiac Physiology Lab NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Junhui Sun
- Cardiac Physiology Lab NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hector Chapoy Villanueva
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | - Julia C. Liu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
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6
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Messina M, Vaz FM, Rahman S. Mitochondrial membrane synthesis, remodelling and cellular trafficking. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024. [PMID: 38872485 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic cellular organelles with complex roles in metabolism and signalling. Primary mitochondrial disorders are a group of approximately 400 monogenic disorders arising from pathogenic genetic variants impacting mitochondrial structure, ultrastructure and/or function. Amongst these disorders, defects of complex lipid biosynthesis, especially of the unique mitochondrial membrane lipid cardiolipin, and membrane biology are an emerging group characterised by clinical heterogeneity, but with recurrent features including cardiomyopathy, encephalopathy, neurodegeneration, neuropathy and 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. This review discusses lipid synthesis in the mitochondrial membrane, the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organising system (MICOS), mitochondrial dynamics and trafficking, and the disorders associated with defects of each of these processes. We highlight overlapping functions of proteins involved in lipid biosynthesis and protein import into the mitochondria, pointing to an overarching coordination and synchronisation of mitochondrial functions. This review also focuses on membrane interactions between mitochondria and other organelles, namely the endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, lysosomes and lipid droplets. We signpost disorders of these membrane interactions that may explain the observation of secondary mitochondrial dysfunction in heterogeneous pathological processes. Disruption of these organellar interactions ultimately impairs cellular homeostasis and organismal health, highlighting the central role of mitochondria in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Messina
- Mitochondrial Research Group, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Metabolic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shamima Rahman
- Mitochondrial Research Group, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Metabolic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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7
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Vue Z, Prasad P, Le H, Neikirk K, Harris C, Garza-Lopez E, Wang E, Murphy A, Jenkins B, Vang L, Scudese E, Shao B, Kadam A, Shao J, Marshall AG, Crabtree A, Kirk B, Koh A, Wilson G, Oliver A, Rodman T, Kabugi K, Koh HJ, Smith Q, Zaganjor E, Wanjalla CN, Dash C, Evans C, Phillips MA, Hubert D, Ajijola O, Whiteside A, Do Koo Y, Kinder A, Demirci M, Albritton CF, Wandira N, Jamison S, Ahmed T, Saleem M, Tomar D, Williams CR, Sweetwyne MT, Murray SA, Cooper A, Kirabo A, Jadiya P, Quintana A, Katti P, Fu Dai D, McReynolds MR, Hinton A. The MICOS Complex Regulates Mitochondrial Structure and Oxidative Stress During Age-Dependent Structural Deficits in the Kidney. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.09.598108. [PMID: 38915644 PMCID: PMC11195114 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.09.598108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The kidney filters nutrient waste and bodily fluids from the bloodstream, in addition to secondary functions of metabolism and hormone secretion, requiring an astonishing amount of energy to maintain its functions. In kidney cells, mitochondria produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and help maintain kidney function. Due to aging, the efficiency of kidney functions begins to decrease. Dysfunction in mitochondria and cristae, the inner folds of mitochondria, is a hallmark of aging. Therefore, age-related kidney function decline could be due to changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), and subsequent alterations in metabolism and lipid composition. We sought to understand if there is altered mitochondrial ultrastructure, as marked by 3D morphological changes, across time in tubular kidney cells. Serial block facing-scanning electron microscope (SBF-SEM) and manual segmentation using the Amira software were used to visualize murine kidney samples during the aging process at 3 months (young) and 2 years (old). We found that 2-year mitochondria are more fragmented, compared to the 3-month, with many uniquely shaped mitochondria observed across aging, concomitant with shifts in ROS, metabolomics, and lipid homeostasis. Furthermore, we show that the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex is impaired in the kidney due to aging. Disruption of the MICOS complex shows altered mitochondrial calcium uptake and calcium retention capacity, as well as generation of oxidative stress. We found significant, detrimental structural changes to aged kidney tubule mitochondria suggesting a potential mechanism underlying why kidney diseases occur more readily with age. We hypothesize that disruption in the MICOS complex further exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction, creating a vicious cycle of mitochondrial degradation and oxidative stress, thus impacting kidney health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zer Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Praveena Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801
| | - Han Le
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Chanel Harris
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Edgar Garza-Lopez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Eric Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Alexandria Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801
| | - Brenita Jenkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801
| | - Larry Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Estevão Scudese
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Bryanna Shao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ashlesha Kadam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Jianqiang Shao
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Andrea G. Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Amber Crabtree
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Benjamin Kirk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Alice Koh
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Genesis Wilson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ashton Oliver
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Taylor Rodman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kinuthia Kabugi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ho-Jin Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Quinton Smith
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Elma Zaganjor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | - Chandravanu Dash
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Chantell Evans
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Mark A. Phillips
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - David Hubert
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Olujimi Ajijola
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Whiteside
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435 USA
| | - Young Do Koo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - André Kinder
- Artur Sá Earp Neto University Center - UNIFASE-FMP, Petrópolis Medical School, Brazil
| | - Mert Demirci
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Claude F. Albritton
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208-3501, USA
| | - Nelson Wandira
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Sydney Jamison
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Taseer Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Clintoria R. Williams
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435 USA
| | - Mariya T. Sweetwyne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Sandra A. Murray
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Anthonya Cooper
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Pooja Jadiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Anita Quintana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Prasanna Katti
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, 517619, India
| | - Dao Fu Dai
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melanie R. McReynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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8
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Kaye SD, Goyani S, Tomar D. MICU1's calcium sensing beyond mitochondrial calcium uptake. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119714. [PMID: 38555977 PMCID: PMC11194792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of MICU1 as gatekeeper of mitochondrial calcium (mCa2+) entry has transformed our understanding of mCa2+ flux. Recent studies revealed an additional role of MICU1 as a Ca2+ sensor at MICOS (mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system). MICU1's presence at MICOS suggests its involvement in coordinating Ca2+ signaling and mitochondrial ultrastructure. Besides its role in Ca2+ regulation, MICU1 influences cellular signaling pathways including transcription, epigenetic regulation, metabolism, and cell death, thereby affecting human health. Here, we summarize recent findings on MICU1's canonical and noncanonical functions, and its relevance to human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Kaye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Shanikumar Goyani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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9
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Huo J, Molkentin JD. MCU genetically altered mice suggest how mitochondrial Ca 2+ regulates metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00088-2. [PMID: 38688781 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has a major impact on total body metabolism and obesity, and is characterized by dynamic regulation of substrate utilization. While it is accepted that acute increases in mitochondrial matrix Ca2+ increase carbohydrate usage to augment ATP production, recent studies in mice with deleted genes for components of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) complex have suggested a more complicated regulatory scenario. Indeed, mice with a deleted Mcu gene in muscle, which lack acute mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, have greater fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and less adiposity. By contrast, mice deleted for the inhibitory Mcub gene in skeletal muscle, which have greater acute mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, antithetically display reduced FAO and progressive obesity. In this review we discuss the emerging concept that dynamic fluxing of mitochondrial matrix Ca2+ regulates metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuzhou Huo
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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10
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Caron C, Bertolin G. Cristae shaping and dynamics in mitochondrial function. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs260986. [PMID: 38197774 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles of key importance for cell homeostasis. The outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) envelops the organelle, and the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) is folded into invaginations called cristae. As cristae composition and functions depend on the cell type and stress conditions, they recently started to be considered as a dynamic compartment. A number of proteins are known to play a role in cristae architecture, such as OPA1, MIC60, LETM1, the prohibitin (PHB) complex and the F1FO ATP synthase. Furthermore, phospholipids are involved in the maintenance of cristae ultrastructure and dynamics. The use of new technologies, including super-resolution microscopy to visualize cristae dynamics with superior spatiotemporal resolution, as well as high-content techniques and datasets have not only allowed the identification of new cristae proteins but also helped to explore cristae plasticity. However, a number of open questions remain in the field, such as whether cristae-resident proteins are capable of changing localization within mitochondria, or whether mitochondrial proteins can exit mitochondria through export. In this Review, we present the current view on cristae morphology, stability and composition, and address important outstanding issues that might pave the way to future discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Caron
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Giulia Bertolin
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
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11
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Clement D, Szabo EK, Krokeide SZ, Wiiger MT, Vincenti M, Palacios D, Chang YT, Grimm C, Patel S, Stenmark H, Brech A, Majhi RK, Malmberg KJ. The Lysosomal Calcium Channel TRPML1 Maintains Mitochondrial Fitness in NK Cells through Interorganelle Cross-Talk. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1348-1358. [PMID: 37737664 PMCID: PMC10579149 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic lymphocytes eliminate cancer cells through the release of lytic granules, a specialized form of secretory lysosomes. This compartment is part of the pleomorphic endolysosomal system and is distinguished by its highly dynamic Ca2+ signaling machinery. Several transient receptor potential (TRP) calcium channels play essential roles in endolysosomal Ca2+ signaling and ensure the proper function of these organelles. In this study, we examined the role of TRPML1 (TRP cation channel, mucolipin subfamily, member 1) in regulating the homeostasis of secretory lysosomes and their cross-talk with mitochondria in human NK cells. We found that genetic deletion of TRPML1, which localizes to lysosomes in NK cells, led to mitochondrial fragmentation with evidence of collapsed mitochondrial cristae. Consequently, TRPML1-/- NK92 (NK92ML1-/-) displayed loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased reactive oxygen species stress, reduced ATP production, and compromised respiratory capacity. Using sensitive organelle-specific probes, we observed that mitochondria in NK92ML1-/- cells exhibited evidence of Ca2+ overload. Moreover, pharmacological activation of the TRPML1 channel in primary NK cells resulted in upregulation of LC3-II, whereas genetic deletion impeded autophagic flux and increased accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria. Thus, TRPML1 impacts autophagy and clearance of damaged mitochondria. Taken together, these results suggest that an intimate interorganelle communication in NK cells is orchestrated by the lysosomal Ca2+ channel TRPML1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Clement
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Edina K. Szabo
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Merete Thune Wiiger
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianna Vincenti
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Palacios
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Christian Grimm
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Brech
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rakesh Kumar Majhi
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Tissue Restoration Lab, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Mehta Family Center of Engineering and Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Karl-Johan Malmberg
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Anderson G. Melatonin, BAG-1 and cortisol circadian interactions in tumor pathogenesis and patterned immune responses. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:962-993. [PMID: 37970210 PMCID: PMC10645470 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A dysregulated circadian rhythm is significantly associated with cancer risk, as is aging. Both aging and circadian dysregulation show suppressed pineal melatonin, which is indicated in many studies to be linked to cancer risk and progression. Another independently investigated aspect of the circadian rhythm is the cortisol awakening response (CAR), which is linked to stress-associated hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation. CAR and HPA axis activity are primarily mediated via activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which drives patterned gene expression via binding to the promotors of glucocorticoid response element (GRE)-expressing genes. Recent data shows that the GR can be prevented from nuclear translocation by the B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene 1 (BAG-1), which translocates the GR to mitochondria, where it can have diverse effects. Melatonin also suppresses GR nuclear translocation by maintaining the GR in a complex with heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Melatonin, directly and/or epigenetically, can upregulate BAG-1, suggesting that the dramatic 10-fold decrease in pineal melatonin from adolescence to the ninth decade of life will attenuate the capacity of night-time melatonin to modulate the effects of the early morning CAR. The interactions of pineal melatonin/BAG-1/Hsp90 with the CAR are proposed to underpin how aging and circadian dysregulation are associated with cancer risk. This may be mediated via differential effects of melatonin/BAG-1/Hsp90/GR in different cells of microenvironments across the body, from which tumors emerge. This provides a model of cancer pathogenesis that better integrates previously disparate bodies of data, including how immune cells are regulated by cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment, at least partly via the cancer cell regulation of the tryptophan-melatonin pathway. This has a number of future research and treatment implications.
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13
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Underwood EL, Redell JB, Hood KN, Maynard ME, Hylin M, Waxham MN, Zhao J, Moore AN, Dash PK. Enhanced presynaptic mitochondrial energy production is required for memory formation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14431. [PMID: 37660191 PMCID: PMC10475119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Some of the prominent features of long-term memory formation include protein synthesis, gene expression, enhanced neurotransmitter release, increased excitability, and formation of new synapses. As these processes are critically dependent on mitochondrial function, we hypothesized that increased mitochondrial respiration and dynamics would play a prominent role in memory formation. To address this possibility, we measured mitochondrial oxygen consumption (OCR) in hippocampal tissue punches from trained and untrained animals. Our results show that context fear training significantly increased basal, ATP synthesis-linked, and maximal OCR in the Shaffer collateral-CA1 synaptic region, but not in the CA1 cell body layer. These changes were recapitulated in synaptosomes isolated from the hippocampi of fear-trained animals. As dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) plays an important role in mitochondrial fission, we examined its role in the increased mitochondrial respiration observed after fear training. Drp1 inhibitors decreased the training-associated enhancement of OCR and impaired contextual fear memory, but did not alter the number of synaptosomes containing mitochondria. Taken together, our results show context fear training increases presynaptic mitochondria respiration, and that Drp-1 mediated enhanced energy production in CA1 pre-synaptic terminals is necessary for context fear memory that does not result from an increase in the number of synaptosomes containing mitochondria or an increase in mitochondrial mass within the synaptic layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Underwood
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - John B Redell
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA.
| | - Kimberly N Hood
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - Mark E Maynard
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Hylin
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
- Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - M Neal Waxham
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - Anthony N Moore
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
| | - Pramod K Dash
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX, 77225, USA
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14
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Adams RA, Liu Z, Hsieh C, Marko M, Lederer WJ, Jafri MS, Mannella C. Structural Analysis of Mitochondria in Cardiomyocytes: Insights into Bioenergetics and Membrane Remodeling. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6097-6115. [PMID: 37504301 PMCID: PMC10378267 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria in mammalian cardiomyocytes display considerable structural heterogeneity, the significance of which is not currently understood. We use electron microscopic tomography to analyze a dataset of 68 mitochondrial subvolumes to look for correlations among mitochondrial size and shape, crista morphology and membrane density, and organelle location within rat cardiac myocytes. A tomographic analysis guided the definition of four classes of crista morphology: lamellar, tubular, mixed and transitional, the last associated with remodeling between lamellar and tubular cristae. Correlations include an apparent bias for mitochondria with lamellar cristae to be located in the regions between myofibrils and a two-fold larger crista membrane density in mitochondria with lamellar cristae relative to mitochondria with tubular cristae. The examination of individual cristae inside mitochondria reveals local variations in crista topology, such as extent of branching, alignment of fenestrations and progressive changes in membrane morphology and packing density. The findings suggest both a rationale for the interfibrillar location of lamellar mitochondria and a pathway for crista remodeling from lamellar to tubular morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel A. Adams
- Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study and School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;
| | - Zheng Liu
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA (M.M.)
| | - Chongere Hsieh
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA (M.M.)
| | - Michael Marko
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA (M.M.)
| | - W. Jonathan Lederer
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - M. Saleet Jafri
- Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study and School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Carmen Mannella
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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15
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Novorolsky RJ, Kasheke GDS, Hakim A, Foldvari M, Dorighello GG, Sekler I, Vuligonda V, Sanders ME, Renden RB, Wilson JJ, Robertson GS. Preserving and enhancing mitochondrial function after stroke to protect and repair the neurovascular unit: novel opportunities for nanoparticle-based drug delivery. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1226630. [PMID: 37484823 PMCID: PMC10360135 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1226630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU) is composed of vascular cells, glia, and neurons that form the basic component of the blood brain barrier. This intricate structure rapidly adjusts cerebral blood flow to match the metabolic needs of brain activity. However, the NVU is exquisitely sensitive to damage and displays limited repair after a stroke. To effectively treat stroke, it is therefore considered crucial to both protect and repair the NVU. Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) uptake supports NVU function by buffering Ca2+ and stimulating energy production. However, excessive mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake causes toxic mitochondrial Ca2+ overloading that triggers numerous cell death pathways which destroy the NVU. Mitochondrial damage is one of the earliest pathological events in stroke. Drugs that preserve mitochondrial integrity and function should therefore confer profound NVU protection by blocking the initiation of numerous injury events. We have shown that mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and efflux in the brain are mediated by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter complex (MCUcx) and sodium/Ca2+/lithium exchanger (NCLX), respectively. Moreover, our recent pharmacological studies have demonstrated that MCUcx inhibition and NCLX activation suppress ischemic and excitotoxic neuronal cell death by blocking mitochondrial Ca2+ overloading. These findings suggest that combining MCUcx inhibition with NCLX activation should markedly protect the NVU. In terms of promoting NVU repair, nuclear hormone receptor activation is a promising approach. Retinoid X receptor (RXR) and thyroid hormone receptor (TR) agonists activate complementary transcriptional programs that stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis, suppress inflammation, and enhance the production of new vascular cells, glia, and neurons. RXR and TR agonism should thus further improve the clinical benefits of MCUcx inhibition and NCLX activation by increasing NVU repair. However, drugs that either inhibit the MCUcx, or stimulate the NCLX, or activate the RXR or TR, suffer from adverse effects caused by undesired actions on healthy tissues. To overcome this problem, we describe the use of nanoparticle drug formulations that preferentially target metabolically compromised and damaged NVUs after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. These nanoparticle-based approaches have the potential to improve clinical safety and efficacy by maximizing drug delivery to diseased NVUs and minimizing drug exposure in healthy brain and peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn J. Novorolsky
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gracious D. S. Kasheke
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Antoine Hakim
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Marianna Foldvari
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Gabriel G. Dorighello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Israel Sekler
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University, Beersheva, Israel
| | | | | | - Robert B. Renden
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - George S. Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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16
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Finsterer J. Autosomal Recessive Mitochondrial Myopathy due to MICU-1 Variants. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2023; 26:567-568. [PMID: 37970264 PMCID: PMC10645233 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_383_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Department of Neurological, Neurology and Neurophysiology Center, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Gottschalk B, Malli R, Graier WF. MICU1 deficiency alters mitochondrial morphology and cytochrome C release. Cell Calcium 2023; 113:102765. [PMID: 37290367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial inner boundary membrane harbors a protein called MICU1, which is sensitive to Ca2+ and binds to the MICOS components Mic60 and CHCHD2. Changes in the mitochondrial cristae junction structure and organization in MICU1-/- cells lead to increased cytochrome c release, membrane potential rearrangement, and changes in mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake dynamics. These findings shed new light on the multifaceted role of MICU1, highlighting its involvement not only as an interaction partner and regulator of the MCU complex but also as a crucial determinant of mitochondrial ultrastructure and, thus, an essential player in processes initiating apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gottschalk
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, Graz, 8010 Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, Graz, 8010 Austria; BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center: Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4, Graz, 8010 Austria; BioTechMed, Graz, Austria.
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