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Adam DP, Grudzinski JJ, Marsh IR, Hill PM, Cho SY, Bradshaw TJ, Longcor J, Burr A, Bruce JY, Harari PM, Bednarz BP. Voxel-Level Dosimetry for Combined Iodine 131 Radiopharmaceutical Therapy and External Beam Radiation Therapy Treatment Paradigms for Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 119:1275-1284. [PMID: 38367914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) in combination with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) shows promise as a method to increase tumor control and mitigate potential high-grade toxicities associated with re-treatment for patients with recurrent head and neck cancer. This work establishes a patient-specific dosimetry framework that combines Monte Carlo-based dosimetry from the 2 radiation modalities at the voxel level using deformable image registration (DIR) and radiobiological constructs for patients enrolled in a phase 1 clinical trial combining EBRT and RPT. METHODS AND MATERIALS Serial single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) patient scans were performed at approximately 24, 48, 72, and 168 hours postinjection of 577.2 MBq/m2 (15.6 mCi/m2) CLR 131, an iodine 131-containing RPT agent. Using RayStation, clinical EBRT treatment plans were created with a treatment planning CT (TPCT). SPECT/CT images were deformably registered to the TPCT using the Elastix DIR module in 3D Slicer software and assessed by measuring mean activity concentrations and absorbed doses. Monte Carlo EBRT dosimetry was computed using EGSnrc. RPT dosimetry was conducted using RAPID, a GEANT4-based RPT dosimetry platform. Radiobiological metrics (biologically effective dose and equivalent dose in 2-Gy fractions) were used to combine the 2 radiation modalities. RESULTS The DIR method provided good agreement for the activity concentrations and calculated absorbed dose in the tumor volumes for the SPECT/CT and TPCT images, with a maximum mean absorbed dose difference of -11.2%. Based on the RPT absorbed dose calculations, 2 to 4 EBRT fractions were removed from patient EBRT treatments. For the combined treatment, the absorbed dose to target volumes ranged from 57.14 to 75.02 Gy. When partial volume corrections were included, the mean equivalent dose in 2-Gy fractions to the planning target volume from EBRT + RPT differed -3.11% to 1.40% compared with EBRT alone. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrates the clinical feasibility of performing combined EBRT + RPT dosimetry on TPCT scans. Dosimetry guides treatment decisions for EBRT, and this work provides a bridge for the same paradigm to be implemented within the rapidly emerging clinical RPT space.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Adam
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joseph J Grudzinski
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ian R Marsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Patrick M Hill
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Steve Y Cho
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Tyler J Bradshaw
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Adam Burr
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Justine Y Bruce
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Paul M Harari
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bryan P Bednarz
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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Li Q, Jin M, Ding Z, Luo D, Wang S, Bao X, Liu Z, Wei W. Renal Clearable Nanodots-Engineered Erythrocytes with Enhanced Circulation and Tumor Accumulation for Photothermal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309278. [PMID: 38195972 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Living cell-mediated nanodelivery system is considered a promising candidate for targeted antitumor therapy; however, their use is restricted by the adverse interactions between carrier cells and nanocargos. Herein, a novel erythrocyte-based nanodelivery system is developed by assembling renal-clearable copper sulfide (CuS) nanodots on the outer membranes of erythrocytes via a lipid fusion approach, and demonstrate that it is an efficient photothermal platform against hepatocellular carcinoma. After intravenous injection of the nanodelivery system, CuS nanodots assembled on erythrocytes can be released from the system, accumulate in tumors in response to the high shear stress of bloodstream, and show excellent photothermal antitumor effect under the near infrared laser irradiation. Therefore, the erythrocyte-mediated nanodelivery system holds many advantages including prolonged blood circulation duration and enhanced tumor accumulation. Significantly, the elimination half-life of the nanodelivery system is 74.75 ± 8.77 h, which is much longer than that of nanodots (33.56 ± 2.36 h). Moreover, the other two kinds of nanodots can be well assembled onto erythrocytes to produce other erythrocyte-based hitchhiking platforms. Together, the findings promote not only the development of novel erythrocyte-based nanodelivery systems as potential platforms for tumor treatment but also their further clinical translation toward personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxiao Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Meng Jin
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhen Ding
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Danfeng Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xingfu Bao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Chirizzi C, Pellegatta S, Gori A, Falco J, Rubiu E, Acerbi F, Bombelli FB. Next-generation agents for fluorescence-guided glioblastoma surgery. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10608. [PMID: 38818124 PMCID: PMC11135154 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a fast-growing and aggressive form of brain cancer. Even with maximal treatment, patients show a low median survival and are often subjected to a high recurrence incidence. The currently available treatments require multimodal management, including maximal safe surgical resection, followed by radiation and chemotherapy. Because of the infiltrative glioblastoma nature, intraoperative differentiation of cancer tissue from normal brain parenchyma is very challenging, and this accounts for the low rate of complete tumor resection. For these reasons, clinicians have increasingly used various intraoperative adjuncts to improve surgical results, such as fluorescent agents. However, most of the existing fluorophores show several limitations such as poor selectivity, photostability, photosensitization and high costs. This could limit their application to successfully improve glioblastoma resection. In the present perspective, we highlight the possibility to develop next-generation fluorescent tools able to more selectively label cancer cells during surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Chirizzi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”Politecnico di MilanoMilanoItaly
| | - Serena Pellegatta
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Brain TumorsFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
- Unit of NeuroncologyFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Alessandro Gori
- National Research Council of Italy, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC‐CNR)MilanItaly
| | - Jacopo Falco
- Neurosurgical Unit 2, Department of NeurosurgeryFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Emanuele Rubiu
- Neurosurgical Unit 2, Department of NeurosurgeryFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Francesco Acerbi
- Neurosurgical Unit 2, Department of NeurosurgeryFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
- Experimental Microsurgical Laboratory, Department of NeurosurgeryFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanoItaly
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Muralidhar A, Hernandez R, Morris ZS, Comas Rojas H, Bio Idrissou M, Weichert JP, McNeel DG. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells attenuate the antitumor efficacy of radiopharmaceutical therapy using 90Y-NM600 in combination with androgen deprivation therapy in murine prostate tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008760. [PMID: 38663936 PMCID: PMC11043705 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is pivotal in treating recurrent prostate cancer and is often combined with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for localized disease. However, for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, EBRT is typically only used in the palliative setting, because of the inability to radiate all sites of disease. Systemic radiation treatments that preferentially irradiate cancer cells, known as radiopharmaceutical therapy or targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT), have demonstrable benefits for treating metastatic prostate cancer. Here, we explored the use of a novel TRT, 90Y-NM600, specifically in combination with ADT, in murine prostate tumor models. METHODS 6-week-old male FVB mice were implanted subcutaneously with Myc-CaP tumor cells and given a single intravenous injection of 90Y-NM600, in combination with ADT (degarelix). The combination and sequence of administration were evaluated for effect on tumor growth and infiltrating immune populations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Sera were assessed to determine treatment effects on cytokine profiles. RESULTS ADT delivered prior to TRT (ADT→TRT) resulted in significantly greater antitumor response and overall survival than if delivered after TRT (TRT→ADT). Studies conducted in immunodeficient NRG mice failed to show a difference in treatment sequence, suggesting an immunological mechanism. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) significantly accumulated in tumors following TRT→ADT treatment and retained immune suppressive function. However, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with an activated and memory phenotype were more prevalent in the ADT→TRT group. Depletion of Gr1+MDSCs led to greater antitumor response following either treatment sequence. Chemotaxis assays suggested that tumor cells secreted chemokines that recruited MDSCs, notably CXCL1 and CXCL2. The use of a selective CXCR2 antagonist, reparixin, further improved antitumor responses and overall survival when used in tumor-bearing mice treated with TRT→ADT. CONCLUSION The combination of ADT and TRT improved antitumor responses in murine models of prostate cancer, however, this was dependent on the order of administration. This was found to be associated with one treatment sequence leading to an increase in infiltrating MDSCs. Combining treatment with a CXCR2 antagonist improved the antitumor effect of this combination, suggesting a possible approach for treating advanced human prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zachary S Morris
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hansel Comas Rojas
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Malick Bio Idrissou
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jamey P Weichert
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Douglas G McNeel
- Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Alonso-Pérez V, Hernández V, Calzado MA, Vicente-Blázquez A, Gajate C, Soler-Torronteras R, DeCicco-Skinner K, Sierra A, Mollinedo F. Suppression of metastatic organ colonization and antiangiogenic activity of the orally bioavailable lipid raft-targeted alkylphospholipid edelfosine. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116149. [PMID: 38266621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer mortality. Metastatic cancer is notoriously difficult to treat, and it accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths. The ether lipid edelfosine is the prototype of a family of synthetic antitumor compounds collectively known as alkylphospholipid analogs, and its antitumor activity involves lipid raft reorganization. In this study, we examined the effect of edelfosine on metastatic colonization and angiogenesis. Using non-invasive bioluminescence imaging and histological examination, we found that oral administration of edelfosine in nude mice significantly inhibited the lung and brain colonization of luciferase-expressing 435-Lung-eGFP-CMV/Luc metastatic cells, resulting in prolonged survival. In metastatic 435-Lung and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, we found that edelfosine also inhibited cell adhesion to collagen-I and laminin-I substrates, cell migration in chemotaxis and wound-healing assays, as well as cancer cell invasion. In 435-Lung and other MDA-MB-435-derived sublines with different organotropism, edelfosine induced G2/M cell cycle accumulation and apoptosis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Edelfosine also inhibited in vitro angiogenesis in human and mouse endothelial cell tube formation assays. The antimetastatic properties were specific to cancer cells, as edelfosine had no effects on viability in non-cancerous cells. Edelfosine accumulated in membrane rafts and endoplasmic reticulum of cancer cells, and membrane raft-located CD44 was downregulated upon drug treatment. Taken together, this study highlights the potential of edelfosine as an attractive drug to prevent metastatic growth and organ colonization in cancer therapy. The raft-targeted drug edelfosine displays a potent activity against metastatic organ colonization and angiogenesis, two major hallmarks of tumor malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Alonso-Pérez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Vanessa Hernández
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Molecular Oncology Department, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), E-08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), E-14004 Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, E-14004 Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, E-14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alba Vicente-Blázquez
- Laboratory of Cell Death and Cancer Therapy, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, C/ Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; Department of Biology, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Consuelo Gajate
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; Laboratory of Cell Death and Cancer Therapy, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, C/ Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Soler-Torronteras
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), E-14004 Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, E-14004 Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, E-14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Angels Sierra
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Molecular Oncology Department, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), E-08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Laboratory of Experimental Oncological Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona-FCRB, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Faculty of Health and Live Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Faustino Mollinedo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; Laboratory of Cell Death and Cancer Therapy, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, C/ Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Miyahira AK, Soule HR. The 29th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation Scientific Retreat Report. Prostate 2024; 84:113-130. [PMID: 37915138 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 29th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) Scientific Retreat was held from October 27 to 29, 2022, at the Omni La Costa Resort in Carlsbad, CA. This was the first-ever hybrid PCF Retreat. METHODS The Annual PCF Scientific Retreat is a prominent international scientific gathering centered on groundbreaking, unpublished, and influential studies in basic, translational, and clinical prostate cancer research. It also covers research from related fields with a strong potential for influencing prostate cancer research and patient care. RESULTS Key areas of research that were focused on at the 2022 PCF Retreat included: (i) the contributions of molecular and genomic factors to prostate cancer disparities; (ii) novel clinical trial updates; (iii) lessons from primary prostate cancer; (iv) lessons from single-cell studies; (v) genetic, epigenetic, epitranscriptomic and posttranslational mechanisms and clinical heterogeneity in prostate cancer; (vi) biology of neuroendocrine and lineage-plastic prostate cancer; (vii) next generation prostate cancer theranostics and combination therapies; (viii) the biology and therapeutic potential of targeting phosphoinositide 3-kinases pathways; (ix) combining immunomodulatory treatments for prostate cancer; (x) novel gamma delta (γδ) T-cell therapy platforms for oncology; and (xi) lessons from other cancers. CONCLUSIONS This article provides a summary of the presentations from the 2022 PCF Scientific Retreat. By disseminating this knowledge, we hope to enhance our understanding of the present research landscape and guide future strides in both prostate cancer research and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Miyahira
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Howard R Soule
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
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Chang CY, Chen CC. 5-aminolevulinic enhanced brain lesions mimic glioblastoma: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e34518. [PMID: 38181251 PMCID: PMC10766299 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly malignant primary brain tumor for which maximal tumor resection plays an important role in the treatment strategy. 5-aminolevulinic (5-ALA) is a powerful tool in fluorescence-guided surgery for GBM. However, 5-ALA- enhancing lesion can also be observed with different etiologies. PATIENTS CONCERNS Three cases of 5-ALA-enhancing lesions with etiologies different from glioma. DIAGNOSES The final diagnosis was abscess in 1 patient and diffuse large B-cell in the other 2 patients. INTERVENTIONS Three patients received 5-aminolevulinic acid-guided tumor resection under microscope with intraoperative neuromonitoring. OUTCOMES All of our patients showed improvement or stable neurological function outcomes. The final pathology revealed etiologies different from GBM. LESSONS The 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence-guided surgery has demonstrated its maximal extent of resection and safety profile in patients with high-grade glioma. Non-glioma etiologies may also mimic GBM in 5-ALA-guided surgeries. Therefore, patient history taking and consideration of brain images are necessary for the interpretation of 5-ALA-enhanced lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Chang
- Neurosurgical Department, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chung Chen
- Neurosurgical Department, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Bin-Alamer O, Abou-Al-Shaar H, Gersey ZC, Huq S, Kallos JA, McCarthy DJ, Head JR, Andrews E, Zhang X, Hadjipanayis CG. Intraoperative Imaging and Optical Visualization Techniques for Brain Tumor Resection: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4890. [PMID: 37835584 PMCID: PMC10571802 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in intraoperative visualization and imaging techniques are increasingly central to the success and safety of brain tumor surgery, leading to transformative improvements in patient outcomes. This comprehensive review intricately describes the evolution of conventional and emerging technologies for intraoperative imaging, encompassing the surgical microscope, exoscope, Raman spectroscopy, confocal microscopy, fluorescence-guided surgery, intraoperative ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. We detail how each of these imaging modalities contributes uniquely to the precision, safety, and efficacy of neurosurgical procedures. Despite their substantial benefits, these technologies share common challenges, including difficulties in image interpretation and steep learning curves. Looking forward, innovations in this field are poised to incorporate artificial intelligence, integrated multimodal imaging approaches, and augmented and virtual reality technologies. This rapidly evolving landscape represents fertile ground for future research and technological development, aiming to further elevate surgical precision, safety, and, most critically, patient outcomes in the management of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Othman Bin-Alamer
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hussam Abou-Al-Shaar
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Zachary C. Gersey
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sakibul Huq
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Justiss A. Kallos
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - David J. McCarthy
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jeffery R. Head
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Edward Andrews
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Constantinos G. Hadjipanayis
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (O.B.-A.); (H.A.-A.-S.); (Z.C.G.); (S.H.); (J.A.K.); (D.J.M.); (J.R.H.); (E.A.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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9
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Sunassee ED, Jardim-Perassi BV, Madonna MC, Ordway B, Ramanujam N. Metabolic Imaging as a Tool to Characterize Chemoresistance and Guide Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:995-1009. [PMID: 37343066 PMCID: PMC10592445 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
After an initial response to chemotherapy, tumor relapse is frequent. This event is reflective of both the spatiotemporal heterogeneities of the tumor microenvironment as well as the evolutionary propensity of cancer cell populations to adapt to variable conditions. Because the cause of this adaptation could be genetic or epigenetic, studying phenotypic properties such as tumor metabolism is useful as it reflects molecular, cellular, and tissue-level dynamics. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the characteristic metabolic phenotype is a highly fermentative state. However, during treatment, the spatial and temporal dynamics of the metabolic landscape are highly unstable, with surviving populations taking on a variety of metabolic states. Thus, longitudinally imaging tumor metabolism provides a promising approach to inform therapeutic strategies, and to monitor treatment responses to understand and mitigate recurrence. Here we summarize some examples of the metabolic plasticity reported in TNBC following chemotherapy and review the current metabolic imaging techniques available in monitoring chemotherapy responses clinically and preclinically. The ensemble of imaging technologies we describe has distinct attributes that make them uniquely suited for a particular length scale, biological model, and/or features that can be captured. We focus on TNBC to highlight the potential of each of these technological advances in understanding evolution-based therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enakshi D. Sunassee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Megan C. Madonna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Bryce Ordway
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nirmala Ramanujam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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10
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Marsh IR, Li C, Grudzinski J, Jeffery J, Longhurst C, Adam DP, Hernandez R, Weichert JP, Harari PM, Bednarz BP. Targeting of Head and Neck Cancer by Radioiodinated CLR1404 in Murine Xenograft Tumor Models with Partial Volume Corrected Theranostic Dosimetry. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2023; 38:458-467. [PMID: 37022739 PMCID: PMC10516227 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2022.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Delivery of radiotherapeutic dose to recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC) is primarily limited by locoregional toxicity in conventional radiotherapy. As such, HNC patients stand to benefit from the conformal targeting of primary and remnant disease achievable with radiopharmaceutical therapies. In this study, the authors investigated the tumor targeting capacity of 131I-CLR1404 (iopofosine I-131) in various HNC xenograft mouse models and the impact of partial volume correction (PVC) on theranostic dosimetry based on 124I-CLR1404 (CLR 124) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging. Methods: Mice bearing flank tumor xenograft models of HNC (six murine cell line and six human patient derived) were intravenously administered 6.5-9.1 MBq of CLR 124 and imaged five times over the course of 6 d using microPET/CT. In vivo tumor uptake of CLR 124 was assessed and PVC for 124I was applied using a novel preclinical phantom. Using subject-specific theranostic dosimetry estimations for iopofosine I-131 based on CLR 124 imaging, a discrete radiation dose escalation study (2, 4, 6, and 8 Gy) was performed to evaluate tumor growth response to iopofosine I-131 relative to a single fraction of external beam radiation therapy (6 Gy). Results: PET imaging demonstrated consistent tumor selective uptake and retention of CLR 124 across all HNC xenograft models. Peak uptake of 4.4% ± 0.8% and 4.2% ± 0.4% was observed in squamous cell carcinoma-22B and UW-13, respectively. PVC application increased uptake measures by 47%-188% and reduced absolute differences between in vivo and ex vivo uptake measurements from 3.3% to 1.0 percent injected activity per gram. Tumor dosimetry averaged over all HNC models was 0.85 ± 0.27 Gy/MBq (1.58 ± 0.46 Gy/MBq with PVC). Therapeutic iopofosine I-131 studies demonstrated a variable, but linear relationship between iopofosine I-131 radiation dose and tumor growth delay (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Iopofosine I-131 demonstrated tumoricidal capacity in preclinical HNC tumor models and the theranostic pairing with CLR 124 presents a promising new treatment approach for personalizing administration of iopofosine I-131.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R. Marsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Chunrong Li
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joseph Grudzinski
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Justin Jeffery
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Colin Longhurst
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David P. Adam
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jamey P. Weichert
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul M. Harari
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bryan P. Bednarz
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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11
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Lepareur N, Ramée B, Mougin-Degraef M, Bourgeois M. Clinical Advances and Perspectives in Targeted Radionuclide Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1733. [PMID: 37376181 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted radionuclide therapy has become increasingly prominent as a nuclear medicine subspecialty. For many decades, treatment with radionuclides has been mainly restricted to the use of iodine-131 in thyroid disorders. Currently, radiopharmaceuticals, consisting of a radionuclide coupled to a vector that binds to a desired biological target with high specificity, are being developed. The objective is to be as selective as possible at the tumor level, while limiting the dose received at the healthy tissue level. In recent years, a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of cancer, as well as the appearance of innovative targeting agents (antibodies, peptides, and small molecules) and the availability of new radioisotopes, have enabled considerable advances in the field of vectorized internal radiotherapy with a better therapeutic efficacy, radiation safety and personalized treatments. For instance, targeting the tumor microenvironment, instead of the cancer cells, now appears particularly attractive. Several radiopharmaceuticals for therapeutic targeting have shown clinical value in several types of tumors and have been or will soon be approved and authorized for clinical use. Following their clinical and commercial success, research in that domain is particularly growing, with the clinical pipeline appearing as a promising target. This review aims to provide an overview of current research on targeting radionuclide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Lepareur
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Eugène Marquis, 35000 Rennes, France
- Inserm, INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer)-UMR 1317, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Barthélémy Ramée
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Nantes University Hospital, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Marie Mougin-Degraef
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Nantes University Hospital, 44000 Nantes, France
- Inserm, CNRS, CRCI2NA (Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Intégrée Nantes-Angers)-UMR 1307, Université de Nantes, ERL 6001, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Mickaël Bourgeois
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Nantes University Hospital, 44000 Nantes, France
- Inserm, CNRS, CRCI2NA (Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Intégrée Nantes-Angers)-UMR 1307, Université de Nantes, ERL 6001, 44000 Nantes, France
- Groupement d'Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, 44817 Saint Herblain, France
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12
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Pinchuk AN, Rampy MA, Longino MA, Durkee BY, Counsell RE, Weichert JP. Effect of Polar Head Group Modifications on the Tumor Retention of Phospholipid Ether Analogs: Role of the Quaternary Nitrogen. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010171. [PMID: 36678801 PMCID: PMC9865954 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously described the remarkable capacity of radioiodinated alkyl phospholipids to be sequestered and retained by a variety of tumors in vivo. We have already established the influence of certain structural parameters of iodinated alkyl phospholipids on tumor avidity, such as stereochemistry at the sn-2 carbon of alkylglycerol phosphocholines, meta-or para-position of iodine in the aromatic ring of phenylalkyl phosphocholines, and the length of the alkyl chain in alkyl phospholipids. In order to determine the additional structural requirements for tumor uptake and retention, three new radioiodinated alkylphospholipid analogs, 2-4, were synthesized as potential tumor imaging agents. Polar head groups were modified to determine structure-tumor avidity relationships. The trimethylammonio group in 1 was substituted with a hydrogen atom in 2, an ammonio group in 3 and a tertiary butyl group in 4. All analogs were separately labeled with iodine-125 or iodine-124 and administered to Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats or human PC-3 tumor-bearing SCID mice, respectively. Tumor uptake was assessed by gamma-camera scintigraphy (for [I-125]-labeled compounds) and high-resolution micro-PET scanning (for [I-124]-labeled compounds). It was found that structural modifications in the polar head group of alkyl phospholipids strongly influenced the tumor uptake and tissue distribution of these compounds in tumor-bearing animals. Phosphoethanolamine analog 3 (NM401) displayed a very slight accumulation in tumor as compared with phosphocholine analog 1 (NM346). Analogs 2 (NM400) and 4 (NM402) lacking the positively charged nitrogen atom failed to display any tumor uptake and localized primarily in the liver. This study provided important insights regarding structural requirements for tumor uptake and retention. Replacement of the quaternary nitrogen in the alkyl phospholipid head group with non-polar substituents resulted in loss of tumor avidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly N. Pinchuk
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave., WIMR, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Mark A. Rampy
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marc A. Longino
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave., WIMR, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ben Y. Durkee
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave., WIMR, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Raymond E. Counsell
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jamey P. Weichert
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave., WIMR, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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13
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Carlson PM, Patel RB, Birstler J, Rodriquez M, Sun C, Erbe AK, Bates AM, Marsh I, Grudzinski J, Hernandez R, Pieper AA, Feils AS, Rakhmilevich AL, Weichert JP, Bednarz BP, Sondel PM, Morris ZS. Radiation to all macroscopic sites of tumor permits greater systemic antitumor response to in situ vaccination. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e005463. [PMID: 36639155 PMCID: PMC9843201 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antitumor effects of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) are mediated, in part, by an immune response. We have reported that a single fraction of 12 Gy EBRT combined with intratumoral anti-GD2 hu14.18-IL2 immunocytokine (IC) generates an effective in situ vaccine (ISV) against GD2-positive murine tumors. This ISV is effective in eradicating single tumors with sustained immune memory; however, it does not generate an adequate abscopal response against macroscopic distant tumors. Given the immune-stimulatory capacity of radiation therapy (RT), we hypothesized that delivering RT to all sites of disease would augment systemic antitumor responses to ISV. METHODS We used a syngeneic B78 murine melanoma model consisting of a 'primary' flank tumor and a contralateral smaller 'secondary' flank tumor, treated with 12 Gy EBRT and intratumoral IC immunotherapy to the primary and additional EBRT to the secondary tumor. As a means of delivering RT to all sites of disease, both known and occult, we also used a novel alkylphosphocholine analog, NM600, conjugated to 90Y as a targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). Tumor growth, overall survival, and cause of death were measured. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate immune population changes in both tumors. RESULTS Abscopal effects of local ISV were amplified by delivering as little as 2-6 Gy of EBRT to the secondary tumor. When the primary tumor ISV regimen was delivered in mice receiving 12 Gy EBRT to the secondary tumor, we observed improved overall survival and more disease-free mice with immune memory compared with either ISV or 12 Gy EBRT alone. Similarly, TRT combined with ISV resulted in improved overall survival and a trend towards reduced tumor growth rates when compared with either treatment alone. Using flow cytometry, we identified an influx of CD8+ T cells with a less exhausted phenotype in both the ISV-targeted primary and the distant secondary tumor following the combination of secondary tumor EBRT or TRT with primary tumor ISV. CONCLUSIONS We report a novel use for low-dose RT, not as a direct antitumor modality but as an immunomodulator capable of driving and expanding antitumor immunity against metastatic tumor sites following ISV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Carlson
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ravi B Patel
- Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jen Birstler
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Matthew Rodriquez
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Claire Sun
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amy K Erbe
- Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amber M Bates
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ian Marsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph Grudzinski
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Alexander A Pieper
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Arika S Feils
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alexander L Rakhmilevich
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jamey P Weichert
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bryan P Bednarz
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul M Sondel
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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14
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Muthukumar S, Darden J, Crowley J, Witcher M, Kiser J. A Comparison of PET Tracers in Recurrent High-Grade Gliomas: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010408. [PMID: 36613852 PMCID: PMC9820099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans with high-grade gliomas have a poor prognosis, with a mean survival time of just 12-18 months for patients who undergo standard-of-care tumor resection and adjuvant therapy. Currently, surgery and chemoradiotherapy serve as standard treatments for this condition, yet these can be complicated by the tumor location, growth rate and recurrence. Currently, gadolinium-based, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) serves as the predominant imaging modality for recurrent high-grade gliomas, but it faces several drawbacks, including its inability to distinguish tumor recurrence from treatment-related changes and its failure to reveal the entirety of tumor burden (de novo or recurrent) due to limitations inherent to gadolinium contrast. As such, alternative imaging modalities that can address these limitations, including positron emission tomography (PET), are worth pursuing. To this end, the identification of PET-based markers for use in imaging of recurrent high-grade gliomas is paramount. This review will highlight several PET radiotracers that have been implemented in clinical practice and provide a comparison between them to assess the efficacy of these tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordan Darden
- Carilion Clinic Neurosurgery, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | | | - Mark Witcher
- Carilion Clinic Neurosurgery, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Jackson Kiser
- Carilion Clinic Radiology, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Potluri HK, Ferreira CA, Grudzinski J, Massey C, Aluicio-Sarduy E, Engle JW, Kwon O, Marsh IR, Bednarz BP, Hernandez R, Weichert JP, McNeel DG. Antitumor efficacy of 90Y-NM600 targeted radionuclide therapy and PD-1 blockade is limited by regulatory T cells in murine prostate tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005060. [PMID: 36002185 PMCID: PMC9413196 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic radiation treatments that preferentially irradiate cancer cells over normal tissue, known as targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT), have shown significant potential for treating metastatic prostate cancer. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the ability of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) to sensitize tumors to T cell checkpoint blockade. Combining TRT approaches with immunotherapy may be more feasible than combining with EBRT to treat widely metastatic disease, however the effects of TRT on the prostate tumor microenvironment alone and in combinfation with checkpoint blockade have not yet been studied. Methods C57BL/6 mice-bearing TRAMP-C1 tumors and FVB/NJ mice-bearing Myc-CaP tumors were treated with a single intravenous administration of either low-dose or high-dose 90Y-NM600 TRT, and with or without anti-PD-1 therapy. Groups of mice were followed for tumor growth while others were used for tissue collection and immunophenotyping of the tumors via flow cytometry. Results 90Y-NM600 TRT was safe at doses that elicited a moderate antitumor response. TRT had multiple effects on the tumor microenvironment including increasing CD8 +T cell infiltration, increasing checkpoint molecule expression on CD8 +T cells, and increasing PD-L1 expression on myeloid cells. However, PD-1 blockade with TRT treatment did not improve antitumor efficacy. Tregs remained functional up to 1 week following TRT, but CD8 +T cells were not, and the suppressive function of Tregs increased when anti-PD-1 was present in in vitro studies. The combination of anti-PD-1 and TRT was only effective in vivo when Tregs were depleted. Conclusions Our data suggest that the combination of 90Y-NM600 TRT and PD-1 blockade therapy is ineffective in these prostate cancer models due to the activating effect of anti-PD-1 on Tregs. This finding underscores the importance of thorough understanding of the effects of TRT and immunotherapy combinations on the tumor immune microenvironment prior to clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth K Potluri
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Carolina A Ferreira
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joseph Grudzinski
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Christopher Massey
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Jonathan W Engle
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ohyun Kwon
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ian R Marsh
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bryan P Bednarz
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jamey P Weichert
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Douglas G McNeel
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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16
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Caers J, Duray E, Vrancken L, Marcion G, Bocuzzi V, De Veirman K, Krasniqi A, Lejeune M, Withofs N, Devoogdt N, Dumoulin M, Karlström AE, D’Huyvetter M. Radiotheranostic Agents in Hematological Malignancies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:911080. [PMID: 35865548 PMCID: PMC9294596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.911080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a cancer treatment that combines radiation therapy with tumor-directed monoclonal antibodies (Abs). Although RIT had been introduced for the treatment of CD20 positive non-Hodgkin lymphoma decades ago, it never found a broad clinical application. In recent years, researchers have developed theranostic agents based on Ab fragments or small Ab mimetics such as peptides, affibodies or single-chain Abs with improved tumor-targeting capacities. Theranostics combine diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities into a single pharmaceutical agent; this dual application can be easily achieved after conjugation to radionuclides. The past decade has seen a trend to increased specificity, fastened pharmacokinetics, and personalized medicine. In this review, we discuss the different strategies introduced for the noninvasive detection and treatment of hematological malignancies by radiopharmaceuticals. We also discuss the future applications of these radiotheranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Caers
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Hematology, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Jo Caers,
| | - Elodie Duray
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Centre for Protein Engineering, Inbios, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Louise Vrancken
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Hematology, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Marcion
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Valentina Bocuzzi
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Kim De Veirman
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ahmet Krasniqi
- Laboratory of In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory (ICMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margaux Lejeune
- Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA I³, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nadia Withofs
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nick Devoogdt
- Laboratory of In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory (ICMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mireille Dumoulin
- Centre for Protein Engineering, Inbios, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Amelie Eriksson Karlström
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias D’Huyvetter
- Laboratory of In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory (ICMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Adam DP, Grudzinski J, Bormett I, Cox BL, Marsh IR, Bradshaw TJ, Harari PM, Bednarz B. Validation of Monte Carlo 131 I radiopharmaceutical dosimetry workflow using a 3D printed anthropomorphic head and neck phantom. Med Phys 2022; 49:5491-5503. [PMID: 35607296 PMCID: PMC9388595 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Approximately 50% of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients will experience loco‐regional disease recurrence following initial courses of therapy. Retreatment with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is technically challenging and may be associated with a significant risk of irreversible damage to normal tissues. Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is a potential method to treat recurrent HNC in conjunction with EBRT. Phantoms are used to calibrate and add quantification to nuclear medicine images, and anthropomorphic phantoms can account for both the geometrical and material composition of the head and neck. In this study, we present the creation of an anthropomorphic, head and neck, nuclear medicine phantom, and its characterization for the validation of a Monte Carlo, SPECT image‐based, 131I RPT dosimetry workflow. Methods 3D‐printing techniques were used to create the anthropomorphic phantom from a patient CT dataset. Three 131I SPECT/CT imaging studies were performed using a homogeneous, Jaszczak, and an anthropomorphic phantom to quantify the SPECT images using a GE Optima NM/CT 640 with a high energy general purpose collimator. The impact of collimator detector response (CDR) modeling and volume‐based partial volume corrections (PVCs) upon the absorbed dose was calculated using an image‐based, Geant4 Monte Carlo RPT dosimetry workflow and compared against a ground truth scenario. Finally, uncertainties were quantified in accordance with recent EANM guidelines. Results The 3D‐printed anthropomorphic phantom was an accurate re‐creation of patient anatomy including bone. The extrapolated Jaszczak recovery coefficients were greater than that of the 3D‐printed insert (∼22.8 ml) for both the CDR and non‐CDR cases (with CDR: 0.536 vs. 0.493, non‐CDR: 0.445 vs. 0.426, respectively). Utilizing Jaszczak phantom PVCs, the absorbed dose was underpredicted by 0.7% and 4.9% without and with CDR, respectively. Utilizing anthropomorphic phantom recovery coefficient overpredicted the absorbed dose by 3% both with and without CDR. All dosimetry scenarios that incorporated PVC were within the calculated uncertainty of the activity. The uncertainties in the cumulative activity ranged from 23.6% to 106.4% for Jaszczak spheres ranging in volume from 0.5 to 16 ml. Conclusion The accuracy of Monte Carlo‐based dosimetry for 131I RPT in HNC was validated with an anthropomorphic phantom. In this study, it was found that Jaszczak‐based PVCs were sufficient. Future applications of the phantom could involve 3D printing and characterizing patient‐specific volumes for more personalized RPT dosimetry estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Adam
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Joseph Grudzinski
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Ian Bormett
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Benjamin L Cox
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Ian R Marsh
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Tyler J Bradshaw
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Paul M Harari
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Bryan Bednarz
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705
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18
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Clinical Imaging and Dosimetry of a Pan-Cancer Targeting Alkylphosphocholine Analog, [124I]I-NM404. RADIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/radiation2020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess organ dosimetry and clinical use of [124I]I-NM404, a radiotheranostic alkylphosphocholine (APC) analog, for accurate detection and characterization of a wide variety of solid primary and metastatic malignancies anywhere in the body. Methods: Patterns of [124I]I-NM404 uptake were quantitatively analyzed and qualitatively compared with [18F]FDG PET/CT in 14 patients (median age, 61.5 years; 7 males, 7 females) with refractory metastatic cancer who were enrolled in one of two Phase I imaging studies. Primary cancer types included bronchogenic (n = 7), colorectal (n = 1), prostate (n = 1), triple-negative breast (n = 1), head and neck (n = 2), pancreatic (n = 1) carcinoma, and melanoma (n = 1). Patients were administered [124I]I-NM404 and imaged via PET/CT at 1–2, 4–6, 24, and 48 h and at 5–10 days post injection, from top of the skull to mid-thigh. Volumes of interest were drawn over lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, and whole body for dosimetry estimation using OLINDA 1.1 Representative metastatic index lesions were chosen when applicable for each case with active sites of disease to calculate maximum and mean tumor-to-background ratios (TBRmax, TBRmean), using the adjacent normal organ parenchyma as background when possible. Results: Administrations of [124I]-NM404 were safe and well-tolerated. The organs with the highest estimated absorbed dose (mean ± SD) were the lungs (1.74 ± 0.39 mSv/MBq), heart wall (1.52 ± 0.29 mSv/MBq), liver (1.28 ± 0.21 mSv/MBq) and kidneys (1.09 ± 0.20 mSv/MBq). The effective dose was 0.77 ± 0.05 mSv/MBq. Preferential uptake within metastatic foci was observed with all cancer subtypes, TBRmax ranged from 1.95 to 15.36 and TBRmean ranged from 1.63 to 6.63. Robust sensitive imaging of lesions was enhanced by delayed timing (2–6 days after single injection of [124I]I-NM404, respectively) due to persistent tumor retention coupled with progressive washout of background activity. NM404 uptake was evident in pulmonary, nodal, skeletal, CNS, and other metastatic sites of disease. Radiation related injury or necrosis were NM404 negative, whereas certain small number of metastatic brain lesions were false negative for NM404. Conclusions: In addition to being well tolerated, selective tumor uptake of NM404 with prolonged retention was demonstrated within a broad spectrum of highly treated metastatic cancers.
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Muto J, Mine Y, Nishiyama Y, Murayama K, Yamada S, Kojima D, Hayakawa M, Adachi K, Hasegawa M, Lee JYK, Hirose Y. Intraoperative Real-Time Near-Infrared Image-Guided Surgery to Identify Intracranial Meningiomas via Microscope. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:837349. [PMID: 35600609 PMCID: PMC9114498 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.837349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are a common pathology in the central nervous system requiring complete surgical resection. However, in cases of recurrence and post-irradiation, accurate identification of tumor remnants and a dural tail under bright light remains challenging. We aimed to perform real-time intraoperative visualization of the meningioma and dural tail using a delayed-window indocyanine green (ICG) technique with microscopy. Fifteen patients with intracranial meningioma received 0.5 mg/kg ICG a few hours before observation during the surgery. We used near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence to identify the tumor location. NIR fluorescence could visualize meningiomas in 12 out of 15 cases. Near-infrared visualization during the surgery ranged from 1 to 4 h after the administration of ICG. The mean signal-to-background ratio (SBR) of the intracranial meningioma in delayed-window ICG (DWIG) was 3.3 ± 2.6. The ratio of gadolinium-enhanced T1 tumor signal to the brain (T1BR) (2.5 ± 0.9) was significantly correlated with the tumor SBR (p = 0.016). Ktrans, indicating blood–brain barrier permeability, was significantly correlated with tumor SBR (p < 0.0001) and T1BR (p = 0.013) on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DWIG demonstrated a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 38%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 76%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 75% for meningiomas. This is the first pilot study in which DWIG fluorescence-guided surgery was used to visualize meningioma and dural tail intraoperatively with microscopy. DWIG is comparable with second-window ICG in terms of mean SBR. Gadolinium-enhanced T1 tumor signal may predict NIR fluorescence of the intracranial meningioma. Blood–brain barrier permeability as shown by Ktrans on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI can contribute to gadolinium enhancement on MRI and to ICG retention and tumor fluorescence by NIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Muto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
- *Correspondence: Jun Muto,
| | - Yutaka Mine
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Tobu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuya Nishiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | | | - Seiji Yamada
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Daijiro Kojima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Motoharu Hayakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Adachi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | | | - John Y. K. Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yuichi Hirose
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
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20
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Onate AJ, Clark PA, Morris ZS. Using Radiation Therapy to Prime and Propagate an Anti-tumor Immune Response Against Brain Tumors. Neuromolecular Med 2022; 24:3-7. [PMID: 34081276 PMCID: PMC8639822 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-021-08668-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapies have demonstrated efficacy and survival benefits in some patients suffering from brain tumors; however, most do not respond and new approaches to enhance anti-tumor immunotherapeutic responses in the brain are needed. Radiotherapy remains a commonly used cancer treatment modality and can augment immunotherapeutic responses through multiple mechanisms. Recent preclinical studies may provide insight on how to optimally combine radiation and immunotherapies to maximize treatment efficacy. Unique aspects of the brain tumor microenvironment may play a critical role in limiting the successful application of immunotherapies in this location. Emerging studies suggest that such limits may be redressed through combination of immunotherapies with radiation therapy. In these settings, the latter may play a critical role in immunomodulating both tumor cells and the radiated brain tumor microenvironment. This review analyzes recent developments in combining radiation and immunotherapies to prime and better propagate anti-tumor immune response against brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro J Onate
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Paul A Clark
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
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21
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Development of a Compartmental Pharmacokinetic Model for Molecular Radiotherapy with 131I-CLR1404. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091497. [PMID: 34575575 PMCID: PMC8465706 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic modeling of the radiopharmaceuticals used in molecular radiotherapy is an important step towards accurate radiation dosimetry of such therapies. In this paper, we present a pharmacokinetic model for CLR1404, a phospholipid ether analog that, labeled with 124I/131I, has emerged as a promising theranostic agent. We follow a systematic approach for the model construction based on a decoupling process applied to previously published experimental data, and using the goodness-of-fit, Sobol’s sensitivity analysis, and the Akaike Information Criterion to construct the optimal form of the model, investigate potential simplifications, and study factor prioritization. This methodology was applied to previously published experimental human time-activity curves for 9 organs. The resulting model consists of 17 compartments involved in the CLR1404 metabolism. Activity dynamics in most tissues are well described by a blood contribution plus a two-compartment system, describing fast and slow uptakes. The model can fit both clinical and pre-clinical kinetic data of 124I/131I. In addition, we have investigated how simple fits (exponential and biexponential) differ from the complete model. Such fits, despite providing a less accurate description of time-activity curves, may be a viable alternative when limited data is available in a practical case.
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22
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Jagodinsky JC, Morris ZS. Priming and Propagating Anti-tumor Immunity: Focal Hypofractionated Radiation for in Situ Vaccination and Systemic Targeted Radionuclide Theranostics for Immunomodulation of Tumor Microenvironments. Semin Radiat Oncol 2021; 30:181-186. [PMID: 32381297 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent preclinical and clinical studies have elucidated mechanisms whereby radiation therapy influences the anti-tumor immune response. Immunogenic cell death and phenotypic changes in tumor cells surviving radiation may underlie this effect and contribute to the capacity of radiation to elicit an in situ tumor vaccine effect. In situ vaccination is a therapeutic strategy that seeks to convert a patient's own tumor into a source of enhanced antigen recognition for the purpose of augmenting a systemic anti-tumor immune response. Capitalizing on the in situ vaccine effect of radiation, several groups have demonstrated anti-tumor efficacy in preclinical models by combining radiation with immune checkpoint blockade. Local delivery of immune adjuvants and/or immune stimulatory cytokines via direct injection into the radiated tumor microenvironment may further increase the in situ vaccine capacity of radiation therapy. However, recent studies suggest that in some contexts this effect is antagonized by the presence of distant untreated sites of disease that may dampen the systemic immune response generated by in situ vaccination through a phenomenon termed concomitant immune tolerance. Concomitant immune tolerance may be overcome by delivering radiation to all sites of metastatic disease, however this is often not possible to safely achieve using external beam radiation therapy without considerable risk of lymphopenia that would negate the immune effects of in situ vaccination. For patients with widespread metastatic disease, alternative strategies may include systemic treatment with targeted radionuclide therapies alone or in combination with an external beam radiation therapy-based in situ vaccine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Jagodinsky
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.
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23
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Magee K, Marsh IR, Turek MM, Grudzinski J, Aluicio-Sarduy E, Engle JW, Kurzman ID, Zuleger CL, Oseid EA, Jaskowiak C, Albertini MR, Esbona K, Bednarz B, Sondel PM, Weichert JP, Morris ZS, Hernandez R, Vail DM. Safety and feasibility of an in situ vaccination and immunomodulatory targeted radionuclide combination immuno-radiotherapy approach in a comparative (companion dog) setting. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255798. [PMID: 34383787 PMCID: PMC8360580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Murine syngeneic tumor models have revealed efficacious systemic antitumor responses following primary tumor in situ vaccination combined with targeted radionuclide therapy to secondary or metastatic tumors. Here we present studies on the safety and feasibility of this approach in a relevant translational companion dog model (n = 17 dogs) with advanced cancer. Methods The three component of the combination immuno-radiotherapy approach were employed either separately or in combination in companion dogs with advanced stage cancer. In situ vaccination was achieved through the administration of hypofractionated external beam radiotherapy and intratumoral hu14.18-IL2 fusion immunocytokine injections to the index tumor. In situ vaccination was subsequently combined with targeted radionuclide therapy using a theranostic pairing of IV 86Y-NM600 (for PET imaging and subject-specific dosimetry) and IV 90Y-NM600 (therapeutic radionuclide) prescribed to deliver an immunomodulatory 2 Gy dose to all metastatic sites in companion dogs with metastatic melanoma or osteosarcoma. In a subset of dogs, immunologic parameters preliminarily assessed. Results The components of the immuno-radiotherapy combination were well tolerated either alone or in combination, resulting in only transient low grade (1 or 2) adverse events with no dose-limiting events observed. In subject-specific dosimetry analyses, we observed 86Y-NM600 tumor:bone marrow absorbed-dose differential uptakes ≥2 in 4 of 5 dogs receiving the combination, which allowed subsequent safe delivery of at least 2 Gy 90Y-NM600 TRT to tumors. NanoString gene expression profiling and immunohistochemistry from pre- and post-treatment biopsy specimens provide evidence of tumor microenvironment immunomodulation by 90Y-NM600 TRT. Conclusions The combination of external beam radiotherapy, intratumoral immunocytokine, and targeted radionuclide immuno-radiotherapy known to have activity against syngeneic melanoma in murine models is feasible and well tolerated in companion dogs with advanced stage, spontaneously arising melanoma or osteosarcoma and has immunomodulatory potential. Further studies evaluating the dose-dependent immunomodulatory effects of this immuno-radiotherapy combination are currently ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara Magee
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ian R. Marsh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Michelle M. Turek
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Joseph Grudzinski
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Eduardo Aluicio-Sarduy
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jonathan W. Engle
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ilene D. Kurzman
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Cindy L. Zuleger
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Oseid
- Office of Environment, Health and Safety, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Christine Jaskowiak
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mark R. Albertini
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- The Medical Service, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Karla Esbona
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Bryan Bednarz
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Sondel
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jamey P. Weichert
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Zachary S. Morris
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RH); . (DMV)
| | - David M. Vail
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RH); . (DMV)
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24
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Patel RB, Hernandez R, Carlson P, Grudzinski J, Bates AM, Jagodinsky JC, Erbe A, Marsh IR, Arthur I, Aluicio-Sarduy E, Sriramaneni RN, Jin WJ, Massey C, Rakhmilevich AL, Vail D, Engle JW, Le T, Kim K, Bednarz B, Sondel PM, Weichert J, Morris ZS. Low-dose targeted radionuclide therapy renders immunologically cold tumors responsive to immune checkpoint blockade. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/602/eabb3631. [PMID: 34261797 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb3631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Molecular and cellular effects of radiotherapy on tumor microenvironment (TME) can help prime and propagate antitumor immunity. We hypothesized that delivering radiation to all tumor sites could augment response to immunotherapies. We tested an approach to enhance response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) by using targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) to deliver radiation semiselectively to tumors. NM600, an alkylphosphocholine analog that preferentially accumulates in most tumor types, chelates a radioisotope and semiselectively delivers it to the TME for therapeutic or diagnostic applications. Using serial 86Y-NM600 positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, we estimated the dosimetry of 90Y-NM600 in immunologically cold syngeneic murine models that do not respond to ICIs alone. We observed strong therapeutic efficacy and reported optimal dose (2.5 to 5 gray) and sequence for 90Y-NM600 in combination with ICIs. After combined treatment, 45 to 66% of mice exhibited complete response and tumor-specific T cell memory, compared to 0% with 90Y-NM600 or ICI alone. This required expression of STING in tumor cells. Combined TRT and ICI activated production of proinflammatory cytokines in the TME, promoted tumor infiltration by and clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells, and reduced metastases. In mice bearing multiple tumors, combining TRT with moderate-dose (12 gray) external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) targeting a single tumor augmented response to ICIs compared to combination of ICIs with either TRT or EBRT alone. The safety of TRT was confirmed in a companion canine study. Low-dose TRT represents a translatable approach to promote response to ICIs for many tumor types, regardless of location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi B Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Peter Carlson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Joseph Grudzinski
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Amber M Bates
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Justin C Jagodinsky
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Amy Erbe
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Ian R Marsh
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Ian Arthur
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | | | - Raghava N Sriramaneni
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Won Jong Jin
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Christopher Massey
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | | | - David Vail
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA.,Barbara A. Suran Comparative Oncology Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Johnathan W Engle
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Trang Le
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Bryan Bednarz
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Paul M Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Jamey Weichert
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
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25
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Clark PA, Sriramaneni RN, Bates AM, Jin WJ, Jagodinsky JC, Hernandez R, Le T, Jeffery JJ, Marsh IR, Grudzinski JJ, Aluicio-Sarduy E, Barnhart TE, Anderson BR, Chakravarty I, Arthur IS, Kim K, Engle JW, Bednarz BP, Weichert JP, Morris ZS. Low-Dose Radiation Potentiates the Propagation of Anti-Tumor Immunity against Melanoma Tumor in the Brain after In Situ Vaccination at a Tumor outside the Brain. Radiat Res 2021; 195:522-540. [PMID: 33826741 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00237.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastases develop in over 60% of advanced melanoma patients and negatively impact quality of life and prognosis. In a murine melanoma model, we previously showed that an in situ vaccination (ISV) regimen, combining radiation treatment and intratumoral (IT) injection of immunocytokine (IC: anti-GD2 antibody fused to IL2), along with the immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-CTLA-4, robustly eliminates peripheral flank tumors but only has modest effects on co-occurring intracranial tumors. In this study, we investigated the ability of low-dose radiation to the brain to potentiate anti-tumor immunity against a brain tumor when combined with ISV + anti-CTLA-4. B78 (GD2+, immunologically "cold") melanoma tumor cells were implanted into the flank and the right striatum of the brain in C57BL/6 mice. Flank tumors (50-150 mm3) were treated following a previously optimized ISV regimen [radiation (12 Gy × 1, treatment day 1), IT-IC (50 µg daily, treatment days 6-10), and anti-CTLA-4 (100 µg, treatment days 3, 6, 9)]. Mice that additionally received whole-brain radiation treatment (WBRT, 4 Gy × 1) on day 15 demonstrated significantly increased survival compared to animals that received ISV + anti-CTLA-4 alone, WBRT alone or no treatment (control) (P < 0.001, log-rank test). Timing of WBRT was critical, as WBRT administration on day 1 did not significantly enhance survival compared to ISV + anti-CTLA-4, suggesting that the effect of WBRT on survival might be mediated through immune modulation and not just direct tumor cell cytotoxicity. Modest increases in T cells (CD8+ and CD4+) and monocytes/macrophages (F4/80+) but no changes in FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), were observed in brain melanoma tumors with addition of WBRT (on day 15) to ISV + anti-CTLA-4. Cytokine multiplex immunoassay revealed distinct changes in both intracranial melanoma and contralateral normal brain with addition of WBRT (day 15) to ISV + anti-CTLA-4, with notable significant changes in pro-inflammatory (e.g., IFNγ, TNFα and LIX/CXCL5) and suppressive (e.g., IL10, IL13) cytokines as well as chemokines (e.g., IP-10/CXCL10 and MIG/CXCL9). We tested the ability of the alkylphosphocholine analog, NM600, to deliver immunomodulatory radiation to melanoma brain tumors as a targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). Yttrium-86 (86Y) chelated to NM600 was delivered intravenously by tail vein to mice harboring flank and brain melanoma tumors, and PET imaging demonstrated specific accumulation up to 72 h at each tumor site (∼12:1 brain tumor/brain and ∼8:1 flank tumor/muscle). When NM600 was chelated to therapeutic β-particle-emitting 90Y and administered on treatment day 13, T-cell infiltration and cytokine profiles were altered in melanoma brain tumor, like that observed for WBRT. Overall, our results demonstrate that addition of low-dose radiation, timed appropriately with ISV administration to tumors outside the brain, significantly increases survival in animals co-harboring melanoma brain tumors. This observation has potentially important translational implications as a treatment strategy for increasing the response of tumors in the brain to systemically administered immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Clark
- Department of a Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Raghava N Sriramaneni
- Department of a Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Amber M Bates
- Department of a Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Won Jong Jin
- Department of a Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Justin C Jagodinsky
- Department of a Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Trang Le
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Justin J Jeffery
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ian R Marsh
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Joseph J Grudzinski
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Eduardo Aluicio-Sarduy
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Todd E Barnhart
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bryce R Anderson
- Department of a Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ishan Chakravarty
- Department of a Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ian S Arthur
- Department of a Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jonathan W Engle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bryan P Bednarz
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jamey P Weichert
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of a Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
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Carlson PM, Mohan M, Patel RB, Birstler J, Nettenstrom L, Sheerar D, Fox K, Rodriguez M, Hoefges A, Hernandez R, Zahm C, Kim K, McNeel DG, Weichert J, Morris ZS, Sondel PM. Optimizing Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells in Samples Requiring Cryopreservation from Tumor-Bearing Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:720-734. [PMID: 34261667 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Most shared resource flow cytometry facilities do not permit analysis of radioactive samples. We are investigating low-dose molecular targeted radionuclide therapy (MTRT) as an immunomodulator in combination with in situ tumor vaccines and need to analyze radioactive samples from MTRT-treated mice using flow cytometry. Further, the sudden shutdown of core facilities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented work stoppage. In these and other research settings, a robust and reliable means of cryopreservation of immune samples is required. We evaluated different fixation and cryopreservation protocols of disaggregated tumor cells with the aim of identifying a protocol for subsequent flow cytometry of the thawed sample, which most accurately reflects the flow cytometric analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment of a freshly disaggregated and analyzed sample. Cohorts of C57BL/6 mice bearing B78 melanoma tumors were evaluated using dual lymphoid and myeloid immunophenotyping panels involving fixation and cryopreservation at three distinct points during the workflow. Results demonstrate that freezing samples after all staining and fixation are completed most accurately matches the results from noncryopreserved equivalent samples. We observed that cryopreservation of living, unfixed cells introduces a nonuniform alteration to PD1 expression. We confirm the utility of our cryopreservation protocol by comparing tumors treated with in situ tumor vaccines, analyzing both fresh and cryopreserved tumor samples with similar results. Last, we use this cryopreservation protocol with radioactive specimens to demonstrate potentially beneficial effector cell changes to the tumor immune microenvironment following administration of a novel MTRT in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Carlson
- Department of Human Oncology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Bock Laboratories, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Health Sciences Learning Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Manasi Mohan
- Department of Human Oncology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Ravi B Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jen Birstler
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Madison, WI
| | - Lauren Nettenstrom
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Dagna Sheerar
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Kathryn Fox
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Matthew Rodriguez
- Department of Human Oncology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Anna Hoefges
- Department of Human Oncology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.,Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Radiology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Chris Zahm
- Department of Medicine, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Madison, WI
| | - Douglas G McNeel
- Department of Medicine, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Jamey Weichert
- Department of Radiology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.,Department of Medical Physics, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI; and
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Paul M Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI; .,Department of Pediatrics, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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27
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Rafael MS, Cohen-Gogo S, Irwin MS, Vali R, Shammas A, Morgenstern DA. Theranostics in Neuroblastoma. PET Clin 2021; 16:419-427. [PMID: 34053585 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Theranostics combines diagnosis and targeted therapy, achieved by the use of the same or similar molecules labeled with different radiopharmaceuticals or identical with different dosages. One of the best examples is the use of metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG). In the management of neuroblastoma-the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. MIBG has utility not only for diagnosis, risk-stratification, and response monitoring but also for cancer therapy, particularly in the setting of relapsed/refractory disease. Improved techniques and new emerging radiopharmaceuticals likely will strengthen the role of nuclear medicine in the management of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Simao Rafael
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Sarah Cohen-Gogo
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Meredith S Irwin
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Reza Vali
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | - Amer Shammas
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Daniel A Morgenstern
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
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28
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Schupper AJ, Rao M, Mohammadi N, Baron R, Lee JYK, Acerbi F, Hadjipanayis CG. Fluorescence-Guided Surgery: A Review on Timing and Use in Brain Tumor Surgery. Front Neurol 2021; 12:682151. [PMID: 34220688 PMCID: PMC8245059 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.682151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) allows surgeons to have improved visualization of tumor tissue in the operating room, enabling maximal safe resection of malignant brain tumors. Over the past two decades, multiple fluorescent agents have been studied for FGS, including 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), fluorescein sodium, and indocyanine green (ICG). Both non-targeted and targeted fluorescent agents are currently being used in clinical practice, as well as under investigation, for glioma visualization and resection. While the efficacy of intraoperative fluorescence in studied fluorophores has been well established in the literature, the effect of timing on fluorophore administration in glioma surgery has not been as well depicted. In the past year, recent studies of 5-ALA use have shown that intraoperative fluorescence may persist beyond the previously studied window used in prior multicenter trials. Additionally, the use of fluorophores for different brain tumor types is discussed in detail, including a discussion of choosing the right fluorophore based on tumor etiology. In the following review, the authors will describe the temporal nature of the various fluorophores used in glioma surgery, what remains uncertain in FGS, and provide a guide for using fluorescence as a surgical adjunct in brain tumor surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Schupper
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Manasa Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nicki Mohammadi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rebecca Baron
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - John Y K Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Francesco Acerbi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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29
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Saini A, Singh J, Kumar S. Optically superior fluorescent probes for selective imaging of cells, tumors, and reactive chemical species. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5208-5236. [PMID: 34037048 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00509j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent chemical probes have become powerful tools to study biological events in living cells. They provide a great opportunity to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the physiological and biochemical properties of living cells in real time. The ability of researchers to manipulate these probes for a desired specific purpose has turned many heads in the scientific community. Despite a slow start, fluorescent probe research has seen exponential growth over the last decade in the world. This change required some adventurous and creative scientists from different fields-like biology, medicine, and chemistry-to come together to facilitate the constant expansion of this field. This review article introduces some fundamental concepts related to fluorescent probe designing and development. It also summarizes various fluorescent probes with superior optical properties used in fields like cell biology, cellular imaging, medical research, and cancer diagnosis. It is hoped that this article will encourage more young and creative scientists to contribute their talents to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Sonu Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
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30
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Jagodinsky JC, Jin WJ, Bates AM, Hernandez R, Grudzinski JJ, Marsh IR, Chakravarty I, Arthur IS, Zangl LM, Brown RJ, Nystuen EJ, Emma SE, Kerr C, Carlson PM, Sriramaneni RN, Engle JW, Aluicio-Sarduy E, Barnhart TE, Le T, Kim K, Bednarz BP, Weichert JP, Patel RB, Morris ZS. Temporal analysis of type 1 interferon activation in tumor cells following external beam radiotherapy or targeted radionuclide therapy. Theranostics 2021; 11:6120-6137. [PMID: 33995649 PMCID: PMC8120207 DOI: 10.7150/thno.54881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Clinical interest in combining targeted radionuclide therapies (TRT) with immunotherapies is growing. External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) activates a type 1 interferon (IFN1) response mediated via stimulator of interferon genes (STING), and this is critical to its therapeutic interaction with immune checkpoint blockade. However, little is known about the time course of IFN1 activation after EBRT or whether this may be induced by decay of a TRT source. Methods: We examined the IFN1 response and expression of immune susceptibility markers in B78 and B16 melanomas and MOC2 head and neck cancer murine models using qPCR and western blot. For TRT, we used 90Y chelated to NM600, an alkylphosphocholine analog that exhibits selective uptake and retention in tumor cells including B78 and MOC2. Results: We observed significant IFN1 activation in all cell lines, with peak activation in B78, B16, and MOC2 cell lines occurring 7, 7, and 1 days, respectively, following RT for all doses. This effect was STING-dependent. Select IFN response genes remained upregulated at 14 days following RT. IFN1 activation following STING agonist treatment in vitro was identical to RT suggesting time course differences between cell lines were mediated by STING pathway kinetics and not DNA damage susceptibility. In vivo delivery of EBRT and TRT to B78 and MOC2 tumors resulted in a comparable time course and magnitude of IFN1 activation. In the MOC2 model, the combination of 90Y-NM600 and dual checkpoint blockade therapy reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival compared to single agent therapy and cumulative dose equivalent combination EBRT and dual checkpoint blockade therapy. Conclusions: We report the time course of the STING-dependent IFN1 response following radiation in multiple murine tumor models. We show the potential of TRT to stimulate IFN1 activation that is comparable to that observed with EBRT and this may be critical to the therapeutic integration of TRT with immunotherapies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/physiopathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/radiation effects
- Gene Knockout Techniques
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
- Interferon Type I/biosynthesis
- Interferon Type I/genetics
- Interferon Type I/physiology
- Lymphocytes/drug effects
- Lymphocytes/radiation effects
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/physiopathology
- Melanoma, Experimental/radiotherapy
- Membrane Proteins/agonists
- Membrane Proteins/deficiency
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neoplasm Proteins/agonists
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics
- Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use
- Time Factors
- Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1
- Tumor Stem Cell Assay
- Up-Regulation
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C. Jagodinsky
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Won Jong Jin
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Amber M. Bates
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Joseph J. Grudzinski
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Ian R. Marsh
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Ishan Chakravarty
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Ian S. Arthur
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Luke M. Zangl
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Ryan J. Brown
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Erin J. Nystuen
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Sarah E. Emma
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Caroline Kerr
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Peter M. Carlson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Raghava N. Sriramaneni
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Jonathan W. Engle
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Eduardo Aluicio-Sarduy
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Todd E. Barnhart
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Trang Le
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Bryan P. Bednarz
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Jamey P. Weichert
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Ravi B. Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Zachary S. Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
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31
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Hall LT, Titz B, Baidya N, van der Kolk AG, Robins HI, Otto M, Perlman SB, Weichert JP, Kuo JS. [ 124I]CLR1404 PET/CT in High-Grade Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 22:434-443. [PMID: 31183841 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a continuous search for imaging techniques with high sensitivity and specificity for brain tumors. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has shown promise, though many PET agents either have a low tumor specificity or impractical physical half-lives. [124I]CLR1404 is a small molecule alkylphosphocholine analogue that is thought to bind to plasma membrane lipid rafts and has shown high tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) in a previous pilot study in brain tumor patients. This study attempts to define the clinical value of [124I]CLR1404 PET/CT (aka CLR124). PROCEDURES Adult patients with new or suspected recurrence of high-grade primary or metastatic brain tumors (N = 27) were injected with [124I]CLR1404 followed by PET/CT at 6, 24, and 48 h. Standard uptake values (SUV) and TBR values were calculated for all time points. Uptake of [124I]CLR1404 was qualitatively assessed, compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and correlated with clinical outcome. Final diagnosis (N = 25) was established based on surgically resected tissue or long-term follow-up. RESULTS Positive uptake with high TBR was detected in all but one patient with a final diagnosis of primary/recurrent brain tumor (12/13) and in less than half of patients with treatment-related changes (5/12). Concordance between [124I]CLR1404 uptake and contrast enhancement on MRI was seen in < 40 %, with no concordance between T2-hyperintensities and uptake. No significant difference in overall outcome was found between patients with and without [124I]CLR1404 uptake. CONCLUSIONS The uptake pattern in these patients suggests a very high sensitivity of [124I]CLR1404 PET/CT for diagnosing tumor tissue; however, tumor specificity needs to be further defined. Relative lack of concordance with standard MRI characteristics suggests that [124I]CLR1404 PET/CT provides additional information about brain tumors compared to MRI alone, potentially improving clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance T Hall
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, MC 3252, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA. .,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Benjamin Titz
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, MC 3252, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Nishanta Baidya
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, MC 3252, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Anja G van der Kolk
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, MC 3252, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - H Ian Robins
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mario Otto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Scott B Perlman
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, MC 3252, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jamey P Weichert
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, MC 3252, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John S Kuo
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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32
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Shahi A, Weiss GE, Bhattacharya S, Baiu DC, Marino R, Pula T, Callander NS, Asimakopoulos F, Otto M. Targeted treatment of multiple myeloma with a radioiodinated small molecule radiopharmaceutical. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:1518-1521. [PMID: 33502270 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1876858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Shahi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gerald E Weiss
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Saswati Bhattacharya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dana C Baiu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Roberta Marino
- Department of Therapeutics Production and Quality, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Taner Pula
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Natalie S Callander
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Fotis Asimakopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mario Otto
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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33
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Schupper AJ, Yong RL, Hadjipanayis CG. The Neurosurgeon's Armamentarium for Gliomas: An Update on Intraoperative Technologies to Improve Extent of Resection. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10020236. [PMID: 33440712 PMCID: PMC7826675 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maximal safe resection is the standard of care in the neurosurgical treatment of high-grade gliomas. To aid surgeons in the operating room, adjuvant techniques and technologies centered around improving intraoperative visualization of tumor tissue have been developed. In this review, we will discuss the most advanced technologies, specifically fluorescence-guided surgery, intraoperative imaging, neuromonitoring modalities, and microscopic imaging techniques. The goal of these technologies is to improve detection of tumor tissue beyond what conventional microsurgery has permitted. We describe the various advances, the current state of the literature that have tested the utility of the different adjuvants in clinical practice, and future directions for improving intraoperative technologies.
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Abstract
Fluorescence-guided surgery provides surgeons with improved visualization of tumor tissue in the operating room to allow for maximal safe resection of brain tumors. Multiple fluorescent agents have been studied for fluorescence-guided surgery. Both nontargeted and targeted fluorescent agents are currently being used for glioblastoma multiforme visualization and resection. Fluorescence detection in the visible light or near infrared spectrum is possible. Visualization device advancements have permitted greater detection of fluorescence down to the cellular level, which may provide even greater ability for the neurosurgeon to resect tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Schupper
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Constantinos Hadjipanayis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA.
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Abstract
In neurosurgery, the extent of resection plays a critical role, especially in the management of malignant gliomas. These tumors are characterized through a diffuse infiltration into the surrounding brain parenchyma. Delineation between tumor and normal brain parenchyma can therefore often be challenging. During the recent years, several techniques, aiming at better intraoperative tumor visualization, have been developed and implemented in the field of brain tumor surgery. In this chapter, we discuss current strategies for intraoperative imaging in brain tumor surgery, comprising conventional techniques such as neuronavigation, techniques using fluorescence-guided surgery, and further highly precise developments such as targeted fluorescence spectroscopy or Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Schipmann-Miletić
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Synthesis, physicochemical properties and biological activities of novel alkylphosphocholines with foscarnet moiety. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104224. [PMID: 32892068 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of alkylphosphocholines with foscarnet moiety was synthesized. The structure of these zwitterionic amphiphiles was modified in both polar and non-polar parts of surfactant molecule. Investigations of physicochemical properties are represented by the determination of critical micelle concentration, the surface tension value at the cmc and the surface area per surfactant head group utilising surface tension measurements. Hydrodynamic diameter of surfactant micelles was determined using the dynamic light scattering technique. Alkylphosphocholines exhibit significant cytotoxic, anticandidal (Candida albicans) and antiamoebal (Acanthamoeba spp. T4 genotype) activity. The relationship between the structure, physicochemical properties and biological activity of the tested compounds revealed that lipophilicity has a significant influence on biological activity of the investigated surfactants. More lipophilic alkylphosphocholines with octadecyl chains show cytotoxic activity against cancer cells which is higher than that of the compounds with shorter alkyl chains. The opposite situation was observed in case of anticandidal and antiamoebal activity of these surfactants. The most active compounds were found to have pentadecyl chains. The foscarnet analogue of miltefosine C15-PFA-C showed the highest anticandidal activity. The minimum value of anticandidal activity of this compound is 1,4 μM thus representing the highest anticandidal activity found within the group of alkylphosphocholines.
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Jagodinsky JC, Harari PM, Morris ZS. The Promise of Combining Radiation Therapy With Immunotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 108:6-16. [PMID: 32335187 PMCID: PMC7442714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of immunotherapy in oncology builds upon many years of scientific investigation into the cellular mechanics underlying interactions between tumor cells and immune cell populations. The past decade has brought an accelerating pace to the clinical investigation of new immunotherapy agents, particularly in the setting of metastatic disease. The integration of immunotherapy into phase 3 clinical trial design has lagged in settings of advanced locoregional disease, where combination with radiation therapy may be critical. Yet, such may be the settings where immunotherapies have their greatest potential to affect patient survival and achieve curative outcomes. In this review, we discuss the interaction of radiation with the immune system and the potential to augment antitumor immunity through combined-modality approaches that integrate radiation and immunotherapies. The dynamics of cellular and tumor response to radiation offer unique opportunities for beneficial interplay with immunotherapy that may go unrecognized with conventional screening and monotherapy clinical testing of novel pharmaceutical agents. Using immune checkpoint blockade as a primary example, we discuss recent preclinical and clinical studies that illustrate the potential synergy of such therapies in combination with radiation, and we highlight the potential clinical value of such interactions. For various immunotherapy agents, their greatest clinical effect may rest in combination with radiation, and efforts to facilitate systematic investigation of this approach are highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Jagodinsky
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Paul M Harari
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
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Abstract
Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is emerging as a safe and effective targeted approach to treating many types of cancer. In RPT, radiation is systemically or locally delivered using pharmaceuticals that either bind preferentially to cancer cells or accumulate by physiological mechanisms. Almost all radionuclides used in RPT emit photons that can be imaged, enabling non-invasive visualization of the biodistribution of the therapeutic agent. Compared with almost all other systemic cancer treatment options, RPT has shown efficacy with minimal toxicity. With the recent FDA approval of several RPT agents, the remarkable potential of this treatment is now being recognized. This Review covers the fundamental properties, clinical development and associated challenges of RPT. Radiopharmaceutical therapy is emerging as a safe and effective approach for the treatment of cancer, offering several advantages over existing therapeutic strategies. Here, Sgouros and colleagues provide an overview of the fundamental properties of radiopharmaceutical therapy, discuss agents in use and in clinical development and highlight the associated translational challenges.
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Ahmed H, Carter KC, Williams RA. Structure and Antiparasitic Activity Relationship of Alkylphosphocholine Analogues against Leishmania donovani. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081117. [PMID: 32722326 PMCID: PMC7463460 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Miltefosine (Milt) is the only oral treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) but its use is associated with adverse effects, e.g., teratogenicity, vomiting, diarrhoea. Understanding how its chemical structure induces cytotoxicity, whilst not compromising its anti-parasitic efficacy, could identify more effective compounds. Therefore, we systemically modified the compound’s head, tail and linker tested the in vitro activity of three alkylphosphocholines (APC) series against Leishmania donovani strains with different sensitivities to antimony. The analogue, APC12, with an alkyl carbon chain of 12 atoms, was also tested for anti-leishmanial in vivo activity in a murine VL model. All APCs produced had anti-leishmanial activity in the micromolar range (IC50 and IC90, 0.46– > 82.21 µM and 4.14–739.89 µM; 0.01– > 8.02 µM and 0.09–72.18 µM, respectively, against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes). The analogue, APC12 was the most active, was 4–10 fold more effective than the parent Milt molecule (APC16), irrespective of the strain’s sensitivity to antimony. Intravenous administration of 40 mg/kg APC12 to L. donovani infected BALB/c mice reduced liver and spleen parasite burdens by 60 ± 11% and 60 ± 19%, respectively, while oral administration reduced parasite load in the bone marrow by 54 ± 34%. These studies confirm that it is possible to alter the Milt structure and produce more active anti-leishmanial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humera Ahmed
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, University of the West of Scotland School of Science and Sport High Street Paisley, Scotland PA1 2BE, UK;
| | - Katharine C. Carter
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 121 Cathedral Street Glasgow, Scotland G4 ONR, UK;
| | - Roderick A.M. Williams
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, University of the West of Scotland School of Science and Sport High Street Paisley, Scotland PA1 2BE, UK;
- Correspondence:
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40
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Development and characterization of a handheld radiation detector for radio-guided surgery. RADIAT MEAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Vail DM, LeBlanc AK, Jeraj R. Advanced Cancer Imaging Applied in the Comparative Setting. Front Oncol 2020; 10:84. [PMID: 32117739 PMCID: PMC7019008 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential for companion (pet) species with spontaneously arising tumors to act as surrogates for preclinical development of advanced cancer imaging technologies has become more apparent in the last decade. The utility of the companion model specifically centers around issues related to body size (including spatial target/normal anatomic characteristics), physical size and spatial distribution of metastasis, tumor heterogeneity, the presence of an intact syngeneic immune system and a syngeneic tumor microenvironment shaped by the natural evolution of the cancer. Companion species size allows the use of similar equipment, hardware setup, software, and scan protocols which provide the opportunity for standardization and harmonization of imaging operating procedures and quality assurance across imaging protocols, imaging hardware, and the imaged species. Murine models generally do not replicate the size and spatial distribution of human metastatic cancer and these factors strongly influence image resolution and dosimetry. The following review will discuss several aspects of comparative cancer imaging in more detail while providing several illustrative examples of investigational approaches performed or currently under exploration at our institutions. Topics addressed include a discussion on interested consortia; image quality assurance and harmonization; image-based biomarker development and validation; contrast agent and radionuclide tracer development; advanced imaging to assess and predict response to cytotoxic and immunomodulatory anticancer agents; imaging of the tumor microenvironment; development of novel theranostic approaches; cell trafficking assessment via non-invasive imaging; and intraoperative imaging to inform surgical oncology decision making. Taken in totality, these comparative opportunities predict that safety, diagnostic and efficacy data generated in companion species with naturally developing and progressing cancers would better recapitulate the human cancer condition than that of artificial models in small rodent systems and ultimately accelerate the integration of novel imaging technologies into clinical practice. It is our hope that the examples presented should serve to provide those involved in cancer investigations who are unfamiliar with available comparative methodologies an understanding of the potential utility of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Vail
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amy K LeBlanc
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Robert Jeraj
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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42
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Berrones‐Reyes JC, Muñoz‐Flores BM, Uscanga‐Palomeque AC, Santillán R, Del Angel‐Mosqueda C, Nobis D, Cochrane MA, Magennis SW, Jiménez‐Pérez VM. Two‐Photon Detection of Organotin Schiff Base Complexes in Cancer Cells. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Berrones‐Reyes
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónFacultad de Ciencias Químicas Av. Pedro de Alba 66455 Nuevo León México
| | - Blanca M. Muñoz‐Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónFacultad de Ciencias Químicas Av. Pedro de Alba 66455 Nuevo León México
| | | | - Rosa Santillán
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPNDepartamento de Química, A. P. 14-740, C. P. 07000 D. F. México
| | - Casiano Del Angel‐Mosqueda
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónFacultad de Odontología Av. Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño 64460 Nuevo León México
| | - David Nobis
- University of GlasgowSchool of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University Place Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom
| | - Max A. Cochrane
- University of GlasgowSchool of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University Place Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom
| | - Steven W. Magennis
- University of GlasgowSchool of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University Place Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom
| | - Víctor M. Jiménez‐Pérez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónFacultad de Ciencias Químicas Av. Pedro de Alba 66455 Nuevo León México
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Anderson PM. Radiopharmaceuticals for Treatment of Osteosarcoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1257:45-53. [PMID: 32483729 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43032-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although trace amounts of radioactivity are routinely used to detect osteosarcoma, the use of larger therapeutic amounts of radiation is often an unrecognized opportunity to treat metastatic osteosarcoma. This chapter will review a number of approaches to use ionizing radiation in the form of injectable radiopharmaceuticals. Since bone metastases are a common pattern of metastatic spread of cancer in general, a number of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals have been developed and FDA approved for treatment of bone metastases. Although osteosarcoma, a bone-forming cancer, would seem ideally suited to be treated with bone seekers, patterns of relapse involving non-ossifying metastases remain a major problem to be overcome. Thus, this review will not only describe experience using a number of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals such as 153-samarium-EDTMP, 153-samarium-DOTMP, and 223-radium against osteosarcoma, but also approaches to identify patients who may benefit as well as some means to the improve overall efficacy including combination therapy with routine agents and using nuclear imaging to develop best strategy for use. These include imaging with not only 99mTc-MDP standard bone scans, but also 99mTc-MDP bone scans with SPECT CT, bone-specific sodium fluoride PET-CT (Na18F), and 18FDG-PET-CT. Accurate knowledge of oligometastatic active disease can facilitate more effective use of combination therapy, including radiosensitizers and local control measures, for example, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and/or cryoablation to reduce disease burden as well as manage and prevent micrometastatic disease from growing and metastasizing. Finally, a new tumor-specific radiopharmaceutical, CLR 131, may also provide another radiopharmaceutical to treat both osteoblastic and non-ossifying areas of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Anderson
- Pediatric and Taussig Cancer Institutes, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and BMT, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Hernandez R, Grudzinski JJ, Aluicio-Sarduy E, Massey CF, Pinchuk AN, Bitton AN, Patel R, Zhang R, Rao AV, Iyer G, Engle JW, Weichert JP. 177Lu-NM600 Targeted Radionuclide Therapy Extends Survival in Syngeneic Murine Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Nucl Med 2019; 61:1187-1194. [PMID: 31862799 PMCID: PMC7413241 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.236265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a clinically unmet need for effective treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), as it remains the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Herein, we demonstrate a promising strategy using a tumor-targeting alkylphosphocholine (NM600) for targeted radionuclide therapy of TNBC. Methods: NM600 was radiolabeled with 86Y for PET imaging and 177Lu for targeted radionuclide therapy. 86Y-NM600 PET imaging was performed on female BALB/C mice bearing syngeneic 4T07 (nonmetastatic) and 4T1 (metastatic) TNBC tumor grafts (n = 3–5). Quantitative data derived from a PET-image region-of-interest analysis, which was corroborated by ex vivo biodistribution, were used to estimate the dosimetry of 177Lu-NM600 treatments. Weight measurement, complete blood counts, and histopathology analysis were performed to determine 177Lu-NM600 toxicity in naïve BALB/C mice administered 9.25 or 18.5 MBq. Groups of mice bearing 4T07 or 4T1 grafts (n = 5–6) received excipient or 9.25 or 18.5 MBq of 177Lu-NM600 as a single or fractionated schedule, and tumor growth and overall survival were monitored. Results: Excellent tumor targeting and rapid normal-tissue clearance of 86Y-NM600 were noted in both 4T07 and 4T1 murine models. Ex vivo biodistribution corroborated the accuracy of the PET data and validated 86Y-NM600 as a surrogate for 177Lu-NM600. 177Lu-NM600 dosimetry showed absorbed doses of 2.04 ± 0.32 and 1.68 ± 0.06 Gy/MBq to 4T07 and 4T1 tumors, respectively, which were larger than those delivered to liver (1.28 ± 0.09 Gy/MBq) and to bone marrow (0.31 ± 0.05 Gy/MBq). The 177Lu-NM600 injected activities used for treatment were well tolerated and resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition and prolonged overall survival in both tested TNBC models. A complete response was attained in 60% of treated mice bearing 4T07 grafts. Conclusion: Overall, our results suggest that 177Lu-NM600 targeted radionuclide therapy has potential for TNBC and merits further exploration in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Joseph J Grudzinski
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | | | - Anatoly N Pinchuk
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ariana N Bitton
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ravi Patel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Ray Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Aakarsha V Rao
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Gopal Iyer
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Jonathan W Engle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jamey P Weichert
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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45
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Kaleağasıoğlu F, Zaharieva MM, Konstantinov SM, Berger MR. Alkylphospholipids are Signal Transduction Modulators with Potential for Anticancer Therapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:66-91. [PMID: 30318001 DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666181012093056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alkylphospholipids (APLs) are synthetically derived from cell membrane components, which they target and thus modify cellular signalling and cause diverse effects. This study reviews the mechanism of action of anticancer, antiprotozoal, antibacterial and antiviral activities of ALPs, as well as their clinical use. METHODS A literature search was used as the basis of this review. RESULTS ALPs target lipid rafts and alter phospholipase D and C signalling cascades, which in turn will modulate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathways. By feedback coupling, the SAPK/JNK signalling chain is also affected. These changes lead to a G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and subsequently induce programmed cell death. The available knowledge on inhibition of AKT phosphorylation, mTOR phosphorylation and Raf down-regulation renders ALPs as attractive candidates for modern medical treatment, which is based on individualized diagnosis and therapy. Corresponding to their unusual profile of activities, their side effects result from cholinomimetic activity mainly and focus on the gastrointestinal tract. These aspects together with their bone marrow sparing features render APCs well suited for modern combination therapy. Although the clinical success has been limited in cancer diseases so far, the use of miltefosine against leishmaniosis is leading the way to better understanding their optimized use. CONCLUSION Recent synthetic programs generate congeners with the increased therapeutic ratio, liposomal formulations, as well as diapeutic (or theranostic) derivatives with optimized properties. It is anticipated that these innovative modifications will pave the way for the further successful development of ALPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferda Kaleağasıoğlu
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Maya M Zaharieva
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Infectious Microbiology, The "Stephan Angeloff" Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Spiro M Konstantinov
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Martin R Berger
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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46
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Arlauckas SP, Browning EA, Poptani H, Delikatny EJ. Imaging of cancer lipid metabolism in response to therapy. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4070. [PMID: 31107583 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipids represent a diverse array of molecules essential to the cell's structure, defense, energy, and communication. Lipid metabolism can often become dysregulated during tumor development. During cancer therapy, targeted inhibition of cell proliferation can likewise cause widespread and drastic changes in lipid composition. Molecular imaging techniques have been developed to monitor altered lipid profiles as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and treatment response. For decades, MRS has been the dominant non-invasive technique for studying lipid metabolite levels. Recent insights into the oncogenic transformations driving changes in lipid metabolism have revealed new mechanisms and signaling molecules that can be exploited using optical imaging, mass spectrometry imaging, and positron emission tomography. These novel imaging modalities have provided researchers with a diverse toolbox to examine changes in lipids in response to a wide array of anticancer strategies including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, signal transduction inhibitors, gene therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these strategies. The understanding of lipid metabolism in response to cancer therapy continues to evolve as each therapeutic method emerges, and this review seeks to summarize the current field and areas of unmet needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Philip Arlauckas
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Mass General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Anne Browning
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Harish Poptani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Edward James Delikatny
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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47
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Zhang RR, Grudzinksi JJ, Mehta TI, Burnette RR, Hernandez R, Clark PA, Lubin JA, Pinchuk AN, Jeffrey J, Longino M, Kuo JS, Weichert JP. In Silico Docking of Alkylphosphocholine Analogs to Human Serum Albumin Predicts Partitioning and Pharmacokinetics. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:3350-3360. [PMID: 31082240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alkylphosphocholine (APC) analogs are a novel class of broad-spectrum tumor-targeting agents that can be used for both diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The potential for clinical translation for APC analogs will strongly depend on their pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles. The aim of this work was to understand how the chemical structures of various APC analogs impact binding and PK. To achieve this aim, we performed in silico docking analysis, in vitro and in vivo partitioning experiments, and in vivo PK studies. Our results have identified 7 potential high-affinity binding sites of these compounds on human serum albumin (HSA) and suggest that the size of the functional group directly influences the albumin binding, partitioning, and PK. Namely, the bulkier the functional groups, the weaker the agent binds to albumin, the more the agent partitions onto lipoproteins, and the less time the agent spends in circulation. The results of these experiments provide novel molecular insights into the binding, partitioning, and PK of this class of compounds and similar molecules as well as suggest pharmacological strategies to alter their PK profiles. Importantly, our methodology may provide a way to design better drugs by better characterizing the PK profile for lead compound optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marc Longino
- Cellectar Biosciences Inc. , Madison , Wisconsin , United States
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48
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Grudzinski JJ, Hernandez R, Marsh I, Patel RB, Aluicio-Sarduy E, Engle J, Morris Z, Bednarz B, Weichert J. Preclinical Characterization of 86/90Y-NM600 in a Variety of Murine and Human Cancer Tumor Models. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1622-1628. [PMID: 30954941 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.224808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We characterize the in vivo biodistribution and tumor selectivity of 86Y-NM600, a theranostic alkylphosphocholine radiometal chelate with broad tumor selectivity, in a variety of preclinical cancer models. Methods: Mice bearing flank tumors (representative of lung, pancreatic, prostate, liver, skin, and lymphoid cancers) were injected intravenously with 9.25 MBq of 86Y-NM600 and imaged longitudinally over 4-5 d using small-animal PET/CT. Percentage injected activity per gram (%IA/g) for each volume of interest was measured at each time point for the organs of interest. Mice were euthanized after the final time point, and the tumor and organs of interest were counted with an automatic γ-counter. Absorbed doses delivered by 90Y-NM600 per injected activity (Gy/MBq) were estimated. Mice bearing B78 flank tumors were injected with a prescription of 90Y-NM600 that delivered 2.5 Gy of absorbed tumor dose and was compared with an equivalent absorbed dose delivered via external-beam radiotherapy using tumor volume as a measure of response. Histology and complete blood counts were analyzed in naïve C57BL/6 mice that were injected with 9.25 MBq of 90Y-NM600 at 5, 10, and 28 d after injection. Results: PET imaging showed consistent tumor accumulation and retention across all tumor models investigated, with little off-target retention of NM600 except in the liver, as is characteristic of hepatobiliary metabolism. The tumor uptake was highest in the pancreatic and lymphoid cancer models, reaching peak concentrations of 9.34 ± 2.66 %IA/g (n = 3) and 9.10 ± 0.13 %IA/g (n = 3), respectively, at approximately 40-48 h after injection. These corresponded to tumor dose estimates of 2.72 ± 0.33 Gy/MBq and 2.67 ± 0.32 Gy/MBq, respectively. In the toxicity study, there were no visible signs of acute toxicity by histology, and perturbation of hematologic parameters was transient when observed, returning to pretherapy levels after 28 d. Conclusion: NM600 is a theranostic agent with a unique ability to selectively target a variety of cancer types, presenting a unique opportunity for PET image-guided targeted radionuclide therapy and combination with immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Grudzinski
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ian Marsh
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ravi B Patel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | | | - Jon Engle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Zachary Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Bryan Bednarz
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and
| | - Jamey Weichert
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
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Marsh IR, Grudzinski J, Baiu DC, Besemer A, Hernandez R, Jeffery JJ, Weichert JP, Otto M, Bednarz BP. Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Dosimetry Studies of 124I/ 131I-CLR1404 for Treatment of Pediatric Solid Tumors in Murine Xenograft Models. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1414-1420. [PMID: 30926646 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.225409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death for children between the ages of 5 and 14 y. For children diagnosed with metastatic or recurrent solid tumors, for which the utility of external-beam radiotherapy is limited, the prognosis is particularly poor. The availability of tumor-targeting radiopharmaceuticals for molecular radiotherapy (MRT) has demonstrated improved outcomes in these patient populations, but options are nonexistent or limited for most pediatric solid tumors. 18-(p-iodophenyl)octadecylphosphocholine (CLR1404) is a novel antitumor alkyl phospholipid ether analog that broadly targets cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo pharmacokinetics of 124I-CLR1404 (CLR 124) and estimated theranostic dosimetry for 131I-CLR1404 (CLR 131) MRT in murine xenograft models of the pediatric solid tumors neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma. Methods: Tumor-bearing mice were imaged with small-animal PET/CT to evaluate the whole-body distribution of CLR 124 and, correcting for differences in radioactive decay, predict that of CLR 131. Image volumes representing CLR 131 provided input for Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations to calculate subject-specific tumor dosimetry for CLR 131 MRT. Pharmacokinetics for CLR 131 were extrapolated to adult and pediatric humans to estimate normal-tissue dosimetry. In neuroblastoma, a direct comparison of CLR 124 with 124I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (124I-MIBG) in an MIBG-avid model was performed. Results: In vivo pharmacokinetics of CLR 124 showed selective uptake and prolonged retention across all pediatric solid tumor models investigated. Subject-specific tumor dosimetry for CLR 131 MRT presents a correlative relationship with tumor-growth delay after CLR 131 MRT. Peak uptake of CLR 124 was, on average, 22% higher than that of 124I-MIBG in an MIBG-avid neuroblastoma model. Conclusion: CLR1404 is a suitable theranostic scaffold for dosimetry and therapy with potentially broad applicability in pediatric oncology. Given the ongoing clinical trials for CLR 131 in adults, these data support the development of pediatric clinical trials and provide detailed dosimetry that may lead to improved MRT treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R Marsh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Joseph Grudzinski
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Dana C Baiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Abigail Besemer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; and
| | - Reinier Hernandez
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Justin J Jeffery
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jamey P Weichert
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mario Otto
- Department of Pediatrics, Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bryan P Bednarz
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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90Y-NM600 targeted radionuclide therapy induces immunologic memory in syngeneic models of T-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Commun Biol 2019; 2:79. [PMID: 30820474 PMCID: PMC6391402 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding improved therapeutic strategies against T-cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) remains an unmet clinical need. We implemented a theranostic approach employing a tumor-targeting alkylphosphocholine (NM600) radiolabeled with 86Y for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and 90Y for targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) of T-cell NHL. PET imaging and biodistribution performed in mouse models of T-cell NHL showed in vivo selective tumor uptake and retention of 86Y-NM600. An initial toxicity assessment examining complete blood counts, blood chemistry, and histopathology of major organs established 90Y-NM600 safety. Mice bearing T-cell NHL tumors treated with 90Y-NM600 experienced tumor growth inhibition, extended survival, and a high degree of cure with immune memory toward tumor reestablishment. 90Y-NM600 treatment was also effective against disseminated tumors, improving survival and cure rates. Finally, we observed a key role for the adaptive immune system in potentiating a durable anti-tumor response to TRT, especially in the presence of microscopic disease. Hernandez et al. show the effectiveness of 90Y for targeted radionucleotide therapy of T-cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL). This study suggests that delivering radiation to all NHL disease sites elicits minimal toxicity and induces a memory T-cell response, inviting combination therapies with immune activating agents.
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