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Li Y, Chen Y, Liao Z, Liu Y, Liu C, Yang W, Bai J, Huang X, Hao Y, Liu S, Liu Y. WenTongGanPi decoction alleviates diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by improving intestinal barrier. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118544. [PMID: 39013542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE WenTongGanPi Decoction (WTGPD) is a representative medical practice of the Fuyang School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which originated from the classical Lu's Guizhi method. WTGPD places emphasis on the balance and functionality of yang qi, and is effective in treating TCM symptoms related to liver qi stagnation and spleen yang deficiency. In TCM, diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is often diagnosed as liver depression and spleen deficiency, and the use of WTGPD has shown significant therapeutic effect. However, the underlying mechanism of WTGPD treating IBS-D remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the effect and mechanism of WTGPD in the treatment of IBS-D. MATERIALS AND METHODS An IBS-D model with liver depression and spleen deficiency was constructed by chronic immobilization stress stimulation and sennae folium aqueous gavage. The impact of WTGPD on IBS-D rats was evaluated through measurements of body weight, fecal water content, and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR). Intestinal permeability was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE), alcian blue-periodic acid schiff (AB-PAS), immunofluorescence (IF) staining, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The components of WTGPD were analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The underlying mechanisms were investigated through network pharmacology, transcriptomics sequencing, western blot (WB), molecular docking, and 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS WTGPD treatment effectively alleviated diarrhea and abnormal pain in IBS-D rats (P < 0.05). It enhanced the intestinal barrier function by improving colonic structure and increasing the expression of tight junction proteins (P < 0.05). A total of 155 components were identified in WTGPD. Both network pharmacology and transcriptomics sequencing analysis highlighted MAPK as the key signaling pathway in WTGPD's anti-IBS-D effect. The WB results showed a significant decrease in p-p38, p-ERK and p-JNK expression after WTGPD treatment (P < 0.0001). Guanosine, adenosine and hesperetin in WTGPD may be involved in regulating the phosphorylation of p38, ERK and JNK. Additionally, WTGPD significantly enhanced microbial diversity and increased the production of colonic valeric acid in IBS-D rats (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION In conclusion, our findings suggest that WTGPD can effectively alleviate IBS-D and improve intestinal barrier likely via inhibiting MAPK signal pathway and improving micobial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Li
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Yangyang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Zhengyue Liao
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Chenhao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Xinggui Huang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Yule Hao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China
| | - Sijing Liu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611103, China.
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Shi L, Feng Y, Wang J, Xiao R, Wang L, Tian P, Jin X, Zhao J, Wang G. Innovative mechanisms of micro- and nanoplastic-induced brain injury: Emphasis on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Life Sci 2024; 357:123107. [PMID: 39369844 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), emerging environmental pollutants, infiltrate marine, terrestrial, and freshwater systems via diverse pathways, culminating in their accumulation in the human body through food chain transmission, posing potential health risks. Researches have demonstrated that MNPs disrupt gut microbiota equilibrium and compromise intestinal barrier integrity, as well as traverse the blood-brain barrier, leading to brain damage. Moreover, the complex interaction between the gut and the nervous system, facilitated by the "gut-brain axis," indicates an additional pathway for MNPs-induced brain damage. This has intensified scientific interest in the intercommunication between MNPs and the gut-brain axis. While existing studies have documented microbial imbalances and metabolic disruptions subsequent to MNPs exposure, the precise mechanisms by which the microbiota-gut-brain axis contributes to MNPs-induced central nervous system damage remain unclear. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the microbiota-gut-brain axis, elucidating the pathogenesis of MNPs-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and its consequent brain injury. It emphasizes the complex interrelation between MNPs and the microbiota-gut-brain axis, advocating for the gut microbiota as a novel therapeutic target to alleviate MNP-induced brain harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | | | - Jialiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Peijun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Yixing People's Hospital, Jiangsu, Wuxi 214200, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China.
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3
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Zhang MM, Dang M, Wu X, Ou L, Li M, Zhao CB, Wei PF, Dong TW, Li Y, Wu CJ. Da-Jian-Zhong decoction alleviates diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome via modulation of gut microbiota and Th17/Treg balance. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118275. [PMID: 38729534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Da-Jian-Zhong decoction (DJZD) is a herbal formula clinically used for abdominal pain and diarrhea induced by spleen-Yang deficiency syndrome. Recently, treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) with DJZD has received increasing attention, but the underlying mechanism of action remains elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of DJZD on IBS-D rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS An IBS-D rats model was constructed using a two-factor superposition method of neonatal maternal separation and Senna folium aqueous extract lavage. Moreover, the effect of DJZD was evaluated based on the body weight, rectal temperature, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR), and Bristol stool scale score (BSS). The factors that regulate the DJZD effects on IBS-D were estimated using whole microbial genome, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq), flow cytometry, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analyses. RESULTS We found that DJZD alleviated the symptoms of IBS-D rats, with the low-dose (2.4 g/kg) as the better ones, as shown by the higher body weight and lower AWR score and BSS. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was obviously increased, and at the genus level, Lactobacillus and Parabacteroides were increased, while that of Firmicutes_bacterium_424 and Ruminococcus gnavus was decreased in DJZD group. Furthermore, the significantly enriched GO terms after treatment with DJZD mainly included the immune response, positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation, and positive regulation of interleukin-17 (IL-17) production. Importantly, flow cytometry analysis further revealed that the T helper cell type 17/regulatory T cell (Th17/Treg) balance contributed to the DJZD-induced alleviation of IBS-D symptoms, as DJZD downregulated Th17/Treg ratio and Th17 cell-related cytokines IL-17 and IL-6 levels in the colon. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that DJZD has a good therapeutic effect on IBS-D rats, probably by maintaining the homeostasis of gut microbiota and regulating Th17/Treg balance and its related inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | - Ming Dang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | - Xu Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | - Li Ou
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | - Min Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | - Chong-Bo Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | - Pei-Feng Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | - Tai-Wei Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, PR China.
| | - Chun-Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 61137, PR China.
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White SW, Callahan H, Smith SJ, Padilla FM. Fluoxetine attenuates the anxiolytic effects of the probiotic VSL#3 in a stress-vulnerable genetic line of aves in the chick social-separation stress test, a dual screening assay. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 245:173880. [PMID: 39277109 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders represent one of the most common and debilitating illnesses worldwide. However, the development of novel therapeutics for anxiety disorders has lagged compared to other mental illnesses. A growing body of research suggests the gut microbiota plays a role in the etiopathology of anxiety disorders and may, therefore, serve as a novel target for their treatment through the use of probiotics. The use of dietary supplements like probiotics is increasing and their interaction with pharmacotherapies is not well understood. Utilizing the chick social-separation stress test, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the commercially-available multi-strain probiotic found in VSL#3 for potential anxiolytic-like and/or antidepressant-like effects in the stress-vulnerable Black Australorp genetic line. A secondary aim was to evaluate the interaction between probiotics and the SSRI fluoxetine. Animals were treated with either saline, probiotics, fluoxetine, or probiotics + fluoxetine for 8 days prior to exposure to a 90-min isolation stressor that produces both a panic-like (i.e., anxiety-like) state followed by a state of behavioral despair (i.e., depression-like). The 8-day probiotic regimen produced anxiolytic-like effects but did not attenuate behavioral despair. Fluoxetine failed to significantly alter behavior in either of the two phases. Moreover, the combination of fluoxetine with probiotics attenuated the anxiolytic-like effects of probiotics. The fluoxetine + probiotics combination had no effect on behavioral despair. The results of the current study align with other preclinical studies and some clinical trials suggesting probiotics may offer beneficial effects on anxiety. Investigations examining the anxiolytic-like mechanism of probiotics are needed before any conclusions can be made. Additionally, as the use of probiotics becomes more popular, research on the interactions between probiotic-microbiota and psychotropic medications is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W White
- Department of Psychology & Philosophy, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA.
| | - Haylie Callahan
- Department of Psychology & Philosophy, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA
| | - Sequioa J Smith
- University of Florida, Department of Neuroscience, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Felicia M Padilla
- Department of Psychology & Philosophy, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA
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5
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Jang H, Koh H. A unified web cloud computing platform MiMedSurv for microbiome causal mediation analysis with survival responses. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20650. [PMID: 39232070 PMCID: PMC11374894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In human microbiome studies, mediation analysis has recently been spotlighted as a practical and powerful analytic tool to survey the causal roles of the microbiome as a mediator to explain the observed relationships between a medical treatment/environmental exposure and a human disease. We also note that, in a clinical research, investigators often trace disease progression sequentially in time; as such, time-to-event (e.g., time-to-disease, time-to-cure) responses, known as survival responses, are prevalent as a surrogate variable for human health or disease. In this paper, we introduce a web cloud computing platform, named as microbiome mediation analysis with survival responses (MiMedSurv), for comprehensive microbiome mediation analysis with survival responses on user-friendly web environments. MiMedSurv is an extension of our prior web cloud computing platform, named as microbiome mediation analysis (MiMed), for survival responses. The two main features that are well-distinguished are as follows. First, MiMedSurv conducts some baseline exploratory non-mediational survival analysis, not involving microbiome, to survey the disparity in survival response between medical treatments/environmental exposures. Then, MiMedSurv identifies the mediating roles of the microbiome in various aspects: (i) as a microbial ecosystem using ecological indices (e.g., alpha and beta diversity indices) and (ii) as individual microbial taxa in various hierarchies (e.g., phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, species). To illustrate its use, we survey the mediating roles of the gut microbiome between antibiotic treatment and time-to-type 1 diabetes. MiMedSurv is freely available on our web server ( http://mimedsurv.micloud.kr ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojung Jang
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyunwook Koh
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea.
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6
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Parada CA, Nunes YC. Comment on "Environmental factors and their impact on chronic pain development and maintenance.". Phys Life Rev 2024; 50:51-52. [PMID: 38936198 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Amilcar Parada
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - Unicamp, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo CEP 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Yasmin Cristina Nunes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - Unicamp, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, São Paulo CEP 13083-862, Brazil
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7
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Xia B, Lin T, Li Z, Wang J, Sun Y, Wang D, Ye J, Zhang Y, Kou R, Zhao B, Yi J, Bai G, Liu X. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Regulates Intestinal Physiology and Enteric Neurons in IBS through Microbial Tryptophan Metabolites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17989-18002. [PMID: 39082086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by visceral pain and gut dysmotility. However, the specific mechanisms by which Lactobacillus strains relieve IBS remain unclear. Here, we screened Lactobacillus strains from traditional Chinese fermented foods with potential IBS-alleviating properties through in vitro and in vivo experiments. We demonstrated that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum D266 (Lp D266) administration effectively modulates intestinal peristalsis, enteric neurons, visceral hypersensitivity, colonic inflammation, gut barrier function, and mast cell activation. Additionally, Lp D266 shapes gut microbiota and enhances tryptophan (Trp) metabolism, thus activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and subsequently enhancing IL-22 production to maintain gut homeostasis. Mechanistically, Lp D266 potentially modulates colonic physiology and enteric neurons by microbial tryptophan metabolites. Further, our study indicates that combining Lp D266 with Trp synergistically ameliorates IBS symptoms. Together, our experiments identify the therapeutic efficacy of tryptophan-catabolizing Lp D266 in regulating gut physiology and enteric neurons, providing new insights into the development of probiotic-mediated nutritional intervention for IBS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Tongkui Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiqing Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuwei Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Danna Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Rongwei Kou
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048 Shaanxi, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Junjie Yi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan, China
| | - Gaiyan Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068 Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
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8
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Ritz NL, Bastiaanssen TFS, Cowan CSM, Smith L, Theune N, Brocka M, Myers EM, Moloney RD, Moloney GM, Shkoporov AN, Draper LA, Hill C, Dinan TG, Slattery DA, Cryan JF. Social fear extinction susceptibility is associated with Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis alterations. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:315-326. [PMID: 38852762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Social anxiety disorder is a common psychiatric condition that severely affects quality of life of individuals and is a significant societal burden. Although many risk factors for social anxiety exist, it is currently unknown how social fear sensitivity manifests biologically. Furthermore, since some individuals are resilient and others are susceptible to social fear, it is important to interrogate the mechanisms underpinning individual response to social fear situations. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been associated with social behaviour, has recently been linked with social anxiety disorder, and may serve as a therapeutic target for modulation. Here, we assess the potential of this axis to be linked with social fear extinction processes in a murine model of social anxiety disorder. To this end, we correlated differential social fear responses with microbiota composition, central gene expression, and immune responses. Our data provide evidence that microbiota variability is strongly correlated with alterations in social fear behaviour. Moreover, we identified altered gene candidates by amygdalar transcriptomics that are linked with social fear sensitivity. These include genes associated with social behaviour (Armcx1, Fam69b, Kcnj9, Maoa, Serinc5, Slc6a17, Spata2, and Syngr1), inflammation and immunity (Cars, Ckmt1, Klf5, Maoa, Map3k12, Pex5, Serinc5, Sidt1, Spata2), and microbe-host interaction (Klf5, Map3k12, Serinc5, Sidt1). Together, these data provide further evidence for a role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in social fear responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel L Ritz
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Thomaz F S Bastiaanssen
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Caitlin S M Cowan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Linda Smith
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12K8AF, Ireland
| | - Nigel Theune
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Marta Brocka
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Eibhlís M Myers
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Rachel D Moloney
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Gerard M Moloney
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Andrey N Shkoporov
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12K8AF, Ireland
| | - Lorraine A Draper
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12K8AF, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12K8AF, Ireland
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - David A Slattery
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60528, Germany
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland; Dept. of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork T12YT20, Ireland.
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9
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Wang Y, Hu Y, Shi P. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of fecal microbiota transplantation for patients with irritable bowel syndrome. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:217. [PMID: 38970007 PMCID: PMC11225114 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but have yielded inconsistent results. We updated the short-term and long-term efficacy of FMT in treating IBS, and performed a first-of-its-kind exploration of the relationship between gut microbiota and emotions. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library using various search strategies to identify all eligible studies. The inclusion criteria for data extraction were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) compared to placebo in adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A meta-analysis was then performed to assess the summary relative risk (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Out of 3,065 potentially relevant records, a total of 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 573 subjects met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The meta-analyses revealed no significant differences in short-term (12 weeks) (RR 0.20, 95% CI -0.04 to 0.44), long-term (52 weeks) global improvement (RR 1.38, 95% CI 0.87 to 2.21), besides short-term (12 weeks) (SMD - 48.16, 95% CI -102.13 to 5.81, I2 = 90%) and long-term (24 weeks) (SMD 2.16, 95% CI -60.52 to 64.83, I2 = 68%) IBS-SSS. There was statistically significant difference in short-term improvement of IBS-QoL (SMD 10.11, 95% CI 0.71 to 19.51, I2 = 82%), although there was a high risk of bias. In terms of long-term improvement (24 weeks and 54 weeks), there were no significant differences between the FMT and placebo groups (SMD 7.56, 95% CI 1.60 to 13.52, I2 = 0%; SMD 6.62, 95% CI -0.85 to 14.08, I2 = 0%). Sensitivity analysis indicated that there were visible significant effects observed when the criteria were based on Rome IV criteria (RR 16.48, 95% CI 7.22 to 37.62) and Gastroscopy (RR 3.25, 95%CI 2.37 to 4.47), Colonoscopy (RR 1.42, 95% CI 0.98 to 2.05). when using mixed stool FMT based on data from two RCTs, no significant difference was observed (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.66 to -1.34). The remission of depression exhibited no significant difference between the FMT and placebo groups at the 12-week mark (SMD - 0.26, 95% CI -3.09 to 2.58), and at 24 weeks (SMD - 2.26, 95% CI -12.96 to 8.45). Furthermore, major adverse events associated with FMT were transient and self-limiting. DISCUSSION Based on the available randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the current evidence does not support the efficacy of FMT in improving global IBS symptoms in the long term. The differential results observed in subgroup analyses raise questions about the accurate identification of suitable populations for FMT. Further investigation is needed to better understand the reasons behind these inconsistent findings and to determine the true potential of FMT as a treatment for IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Yuncheng Central Hospital affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, 044000, China
| | - Yongmei Hu
- Yuncheng Central Hospital affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, 044000, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Yuncheng Central Hospital affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, 044000, China.
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10
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Chen J, Xu W, Liu Y, Liang X, Chen Y, Liang J, Cao J, Lu B, Sun C, Wang Y. Lonicera japonica Thunb. and its characteristic component chlorogenic acid alleviated experimental colitis by promoting Lactobacillus and fecal short‐chain fatty acids production. FOOD FRONTIERS 2024; 5:1583-1602. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AbstractUlcerative colitis is intricately linked to intestinal oxidative stress and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Lonicera japonica Thunb. (LJ) is a traditional edible and medical flower in China, and chlorogenic acid (CGA) is one of its characteristic components. However, it remains unclear whether gut microbiota plays a role in the therapeutic effects of LJ and GCA on colitis. Here, we first observed that oral administration of LJ and CGA for 3 weeks dramatically promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and fecal short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production in healthy mice. Subsequently, the alleviating effects of LJ and CGA on colitis were explored with a dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis mice model. The intervention of LJ and CGA notably alleviated inflammation, intestinal barrier impairment, and oxidative stress in colitis and led to a significant elevation in Lactobacillus and fecal SCFAs. Eventually, the key role of gut microbiota and their metabolites on the therapeutic effects was validated by performing fecal microbiota transplantation and sterile fecal suspensions transplantation from LJ and CGA‐treated healthy mice to colitis mice. Our findings demonstrated that consumption of LJ and CGA could benefit the host both in healthy condition and colitis. The beneficial effects were attributed to the improvement of the endogenous antioxidant system and promotion of the probiotic Lactobacillus and SCFAs production. Our study highlighted the great potential of LJ and CGA to be consumed as functional foods and provided novel mechanisms by which they alleviated colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebiao Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Wanhua Xu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture Zhejiang University Linyi Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyi Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Liang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jinping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University Sanya Hainan People's Republic of China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro‐Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro‐Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhejiang University Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University Sanya Hainan People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture Zhejiang University Linyi Shandong People's Republic of China
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11
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Reynders A, Anissa Jhumka Z, Gaillard S, Mantilleri A, Malapert P, Magalon K, Etzerodt A, Salio C, Ugolini S, Castets F, Saurin AJ, Serino M, Hoeffel G, Moqrich A. Gut microbiota promotes pain chronicity in Myosin1A deficient male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:750-766. [PMID: 38710336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a heavily debilitating condition and a huge socio-economic burden, with no efficient treatment. Over the past decade, the gut microbiota has emerged as an important regulator of nervous system's health and disease states. Yet, its contribution to the pathogenesis of chronic somatic pain remains poorly documented. Here, we report that male but not female mice lacking Myosin1a (KO) raised under single genotype housing conditions (KO-SGH) are predisposed to develop chronic pain in response to a peripheral tissue injury. We further underscore the potential of MYO1A loss-of-function to alter the composition of the gut microbiota and uncover a functional connection between the vulnerability to chronic pain and the dysbiotic gut microbiota of KO-SGH males. As such, parental antibiotic treatment modifies gut microbiota composition and completely rescues the injury-induced pain chronicity in male KO-SGH offspring. Furthermore, in KO-SGH males, this dysbiosis is accompanied by a transcriptomic activation signature in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) macrophage compartment, in response to tissue injury. We identify CD206+CD163- and CD206+CD163+ as the main subsets of DRG resident macrophages and show that both are long-lived and self-maintained and exhibit the capacity to monitor the vasculature. Consistently, in vivo depletion of DRG macrophages rescues KO-SGH males from injury-induced chronic pain underscoring a deleterious role for DRG macrophages in a Myo1a-loss-of function context. Together, our findings reveal gene-sex-microbiota interactions in determining the predisposition to injury-induced chronic pain and point-out DRG macrophages as potential effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reynders
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France.
| | - Z Anissa Jhumka
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Annabelle Mantilleri
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Malapert
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Magalon
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Anders Etzerodt
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Chiara Salio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Sophie Ugolini
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, INSER, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Francis Castets
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Andrew J Saurin
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Matteo Serino
- Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, Université de Toulouse-Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Hoeffel
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, INSER, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Aziz Moqrich
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France.
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12
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Zhang P, Ma S, Guo R, Li L, Guo X, Chang D, Li S, Zhang H, Fu C, Yang L, Zhang Y, Jiang J, Wang T, Wang J, Shi H. Metagenomic analysis of the gut virome in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29802. [PMID: 39023095 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder, is recognized for its association with alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolome. This study delves into the largely unexplored domain of the gut virome in IBS patients. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the fecal metagenomic data set from 277 IBS patients and 84 healthy controls to characterize the gut viral community. Our findings revealed a distinct gut virome in IBS patients compared to healthy individuals, marked by significant variances in between-sample diversity and altered abundances of 127 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs). Specifically, 111 vOTUs, predominantly belonging to crAss-like, Siphoviridae, Myoviridae, and Quimbyviridae families, were more abundant in IBS patients, whereas the healthy control group exhibited enrichment of 16 vOTUs from multiple families. We also investigated the interplay between the gut virome and bacteriome, identifying a correlation between IBS-enriched bacteria like Klebsiella pneumoniae, Fusobacterium varium, and Ruminococcus gnavus, and the IBS-associated vOTUs. Furthermore, we assessed the potential of gut viral signatures in predicting IBS, achieving a notable area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.834. These findings highlight significant shifts in the viral diversity, taxonomic distribution, and functional composition of the gut virome in IBS patients, suggesting the potential role of the gut virome in IBS pathogenesis and opening new avenues for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting the gut virome in IBS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Shiyang Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | | | - Lu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Danyan Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | | | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Cui Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Longbao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Shaanxi, China
- Digestive Disease Quality Control Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, PR China
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13
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Stagaman K, Alexiev A, Sieler MJ, Hammer A, Kasschau KD, Truong L, Tanguay RL, Sharpton TJ. The zebrafish gut microbiome influences benzo[a]pyrene developmental neurobehavioral toxicity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14618. [PMID: 38918492 PMCID: PMC11199668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65610-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Early-life exposure to environmental toxicants like Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is associated with several health consequences in vertebrates (i.e., impaired or altered neurophysiological and behavioral development). Although toxicant impacts were initially studied relative to host physiology, recent studies suggest that the gut microbiome is a possible target and/or mediator of behavioral responses to chemical exposure in organisms, via the gut-brain axis. However, the connection between BaP exposure, gut microbiota, and developmental neurotoxicity remains understudied. Using a zebrafish model, we determined whether the gut microbiome influences BaP impacts on behavior development. Embryonic zebrafish were treated with increasing concentrations of BaP and allowed to grow to the larval life stage, during which they underwent behavioral testing and intestinal dissection for gut microbiome profiling via high-throughput sequencing. We found that exposure affected larval zebrafish microbiome diversity and composition in a manner tied to behavioral development: increasing concentrations of BaP were associated with increased taxonomic diversity, exposure was associated with unweighted UniFrac distance, and microbiome diversity and exposure predicted larval behavior. Further, a gnotobiotic zebrafish experiment clarified whether microbiome presence was associated with BaP exposure response and behavioral changes. We found that gut microbiome state altered the relationship between BaP exposure concentration and behavioral response. These results support the idea that the zebrafish gut microbiome is a determinant of the developmental neurotoxicity that results from chemical exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keaton Stagaman
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Alexandra Alexiev
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Michael J Sieler
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Austin Hammer
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Kristin D Kasschau
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Lisa Truong
- Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Robyn L Tanguay
- Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Thomas J Sharpton
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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14
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Huang S, Xie X, Xu B, Pan Z, Liang J, Zhang M, Pan S, Wang X, Zhao M, Wang Q, Chen J, Li Y, Zhou L, Luo X. Paeoniflorin ameliorates chronic colitis via the DR3 signaling pathway in group 3 innate lymphoid cells. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100940. [PMID: 39027912 PMCID: PMC11255901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting the death receptor 3 (DR3) signaling pathway in group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) presents a promising approach for promoting mucosal repair in individuals with ulcerative colitis (UC). Paeoniflorin, a prominent component of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., has demonstrated the ability to restore barrier function in UC mice, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to delve into whether paeoniflorin may promote intestinal mucosal repair in chronic colitis by inhibiting DR3 signaling in ILC3s. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to random allocation into 7 distinct groups, namely the control group, the 2 % dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) group, the paeoniflorin groups (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg), the anti-tumor necrosis factor-like ligand 1A (anti-TL1A) antibody group, and the IgG group. We detected the expression of DR3 signaling pathway proteins and the proportion of ILC3s in the mouse colon using Western blot and flow cytometry, respectively. Meanwhile, DR3-overexpressing MNK-3 cells and 2 % DSS-induced Rag1-/- mice were used for verification. The results showed that paeoniflorin alleviated DSS-induced chronic colitis and repaired the intestinal mucosal barrier. Simultaneously, paeoniflorin inhibited the DR3 signaling pathway in ILC3s and regulated the content of cytokines (Interleukin-17A, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, and Interleukin-22). Alternatively, paeoniflorin directly inhibited the DR3 signaling pathway in ILC3s to repair mucosal damage independently of the adaptive immune system. We additionally confirmed that paeoniflorin-conditioned medium (CM) restored the expression of tight junctions in Caco-2 cells via coculture. In conclusion, paeoniflorin ameliorates chronic colitis by enhancing the intestinal barrier in an ILC3-dependent manner, and its mechanism is associated with the inhibition of the DR3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Xueqian Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Bo Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Zengfeng Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Junjie Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Simin Pan
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510000, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Jinyan Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Yanyang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
| | - Xia Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006, China
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15
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Yang J, Lin W, Ma Y, Song H, Mu C, Wu Q, Han C, Zhang J, Liu X. Investigation of the causal association between Parkinson's disease and autoimmune disorders: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1370831. [PMID: 38774879 PMCID: PMC11106379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1370831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To date, an increasing number of epidemiological evidence has pointed to potential relationships between Parkinson's disease (PD) and various autoimmune diseases (AIDs), however, no definitive conclusions has been drawn about whether PD is causally related to AIDs risk. Methods By employing summary statistics from the latest and most extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal associations between PD and a variety of 17 AIDs, encompassing multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, myasthenia gravis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, type 1 diabetes, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis and vitiligo. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was adopted as the main statistical approach to obtain the causal estimates of PD on different AIDs, supplemented by a series of complementary analyses (weighted median, MR Egger regression, and MR-PRESSO) for further strengthening the robustness of results. Results Our MR findings suggested that genetically predicted higher liability to PD was causally associated with a decreased risk of irritable bowel syndrome (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96-0.99; P = 0.032). On the contrary, IVW analysis showed a potential positive correlation between genetically determined PD and the incidence of type 1 diabetes (OR = 1.10; 95%CI: 1.02-1.19; P = 0.010). Subsequent MR tests ended up in similar results, confirming our findings were reliable. Additionally, in the reverse MR analyses, we did not identify any evidence to support the causal relationship of genetic predisposition to AIDs with PD susceptibility. Conclusion In general, a bifunctional role that PD exerted on the risk of developing AIDs was detected in our studies, both protecting against irritable bowel syndrome occurrence and raising the incidence of type 1 diabetes. Future studies, including population-based observational studies and molecular experiments in vitro and in vivo, are warranted to validate the results of our MR analyses and refine the underlying pathological mechanisms involved in PD-AIDs associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiran Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yumei Ma
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Changqing Mu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Han
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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16
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Goswami M, Bose PD. Gut microbial dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of leukemia: an immune-based perspective. Exp Hematol 2024; 133:104211. [PMID: 38527589 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Leukemias are a set of clonal hematopoietic malignant diseases that develop in the bone marrow. Several factors influence leukemia development and progression. Among these, the gut microbiota is a major factor influencing a wide array of its processes. The gut microbial composition is linked to the risk of tumor development and the host's ability to respond to treatment, mostly due to the immune-modulatory effects of their metabolites. Despite such strong evidence, its role in the development of hematologic malignancies still requires attention of investigators worldwide. In this review, we make an effort to discuss the role of host gut microbiota-immune crosstalk in leukemia development and progression. Additionally, we highlight certain recently developed strategies to modify the gut microbial composition that may help to overcome dysbiosis in leukemia patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Goswami
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Purabi Deka Bose
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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17
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Belotserkovsky I, Stabryla LM, Hunter M, Allegretti J, Callahan BJ, Carlson PE, Daschner PJ, Goudarzi M, Guyard C, Jackson SA, Rao K, Servetas SL, Sokol H, Wargo JA, Novick S. Standards for fecal microbiota transplant: Tools and therapeutic advances. Biologicals 2024; 86:101758. [PMID: 38518435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2024.101758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been demonstrated to be efficacious in preventing recurrent Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infections, and is being investigated for treatment of several other diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, liver disease, and diabetes. To speed up the translation of FMT into clinical practice as a safe and standardized therapeutic intervention, additional evidence-based technical and regulatory guidance is needed. To this end in May of 2022, the International Alliance for Biological Standardization (IABS) and the BIOASTER Microbiology Technology Institute hosted a second webinar to discuss key issues still impeding the advancement and standardization of FMT. The goal of this two-day webinar was to provide a forum for scientific experts to share and discuss data and key challenges with one another. Discussion included a focus on the evaluation of safety, efficacy, clinical trial design, reproducibility and accuracy in obtained microbiome measurements and data reporting, and the potential for standardization across these areas. It also focused on increasing the application potential and visibility of FMT beyond treating C. difficile infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa M Stabryla
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Monique Hunter
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Allegretti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin J Callahan
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27606, USA; Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27607, USA
| | - Paul E Carlson
- Laboratory of Mucosal Pathogens and Cellular Immunology, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Phillip J Daschner
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Cyril Guyard
- BIOSTER Technological Research Institute, Lyon, France
| | - Scott A Jackson
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Krishna Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie L Servetas
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Harry Sokol
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Departments of Surgical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shawn Novick
- BioPhia Consulting, Inc., 7307 W. Green Lake Dr. N., Seattle, WA, 98103, USA.
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18
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Xie X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Lin X, Huang M, Fu H, Ma Y, Chen R, Wang X, Tang J. Associations of diet quality and daily free sugar intake with depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:550-558. [PMID: 38220116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing diet quality has been challenging, and the associations of diet quality and daily free sugar intake with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms have shown inconsistency. METHODS A total of 1749 students aged 12-16 years were recruited using stratified random cluster sampling across three cities in China. The overall Global Dietary Recommendations (GDR) score, a novel indicator of diet quality, was constructed using the low-burden Diet Quality Questionnaire. Free sugar intake, including from beverages and foods, was measured using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Daily free sugar intake was divided into low, medium, and high categories based on the latest version of the dietary guidelines for Chinese residents. Binomial and multinominal logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations of the overall GDR score and daily free sugar intake categories or different sources of free sugar intake with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. RESULTS The overall GDR score was negatively associated with depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio[aOR] = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.87-0.98) and anxiety symptoms (0.95, 0.90-0.99), particularly with comorbid depression and anxiety (0.90, 0.84-0.97). Conversely, daily free sugar intake was positively associated with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety, the multiple aOR for symptoms depression or anxiety were significantly increased with higher daily free sugar intake (all Ptrend < 0.05). Both free sugar from beverages and from foods were positively associated with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. These associations were consistent between males and females. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design and self-reported symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Diet quality was negatively associated with symptoms of depression or anxiety, especially with comorbid symptoms among adolescents. Daily free sugar intake, regardless of its sources, was positively associated with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Xie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqi Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengxin Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Huihang Fu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Children's Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, 510620 Guangzhou, China
| | - Runsen Chen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China.
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19
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Ming X, Gao S, Sun J, Zhang N, Guo R, Feng X, Luan X, Xing H, Jiao Y, Guo F. Regulation of the MCHergic Neural Circuit to Dorsal Raphe Nucleus on Emotion-Related Behaviors and Intestinal Dysfunction in Mice Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea. Neuroendocrinology 2024; 114:605-622. [PMID: 38547853 DOI: 10.1159/000538582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) is frequently accompanied by depression and anxiety, resulting in a reduced quality of life and increased medical expenditures. Although psychological factors are known to play an important role in the genesis and development of IBS-D, an understanding of the central neural control of intestinal dysfunction remains elusive. Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a gut-brain peptide involved in regulating feeding, sleep-wake rhythms, and emotional states. METHODS This study investigated the regulation of the MCHergic neural circuit from the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) to the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, intestinal motility, and visceral hypersensitivity in a mice model of IBS-D. The models of IBS-D were prepared by inducing chronic unpredictable mild stress. RESULTS Chemogenetic activation of the MCH neurons in the LHA could excite serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the DRN and induce anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and IBS-D-like symptoms, which could be recovered by microinjection of the MCH receptor antagonist SNAP94847 into the DRN. The mice model of IBS-D showed a reduction of 5-HT and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the DRN, while an elevation of 5-HT and BDNF was observed in the colon through immunofluorescent staining, ELISA, and Western blot analysis. SNAP94847 treatment in the DRN alleviated anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, improved intestinal motility, and alleviated visceral hypersensitivity responses by normalizing the 5-HT and BDNF expression in the DRN and colon. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the activation of MCH neurons in the LHA may induce IBS-D symptoms via the DRN and that the MCH receptor antagonist could potentially have therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Ming
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shengli Gao
- Biomedical Center, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinqiu Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruixiao Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xufei Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinchi Luan
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Han Xing
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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20
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Li B, Yan Y, Zhang T, Xu H, Wu X, Yao G, Li X, Yan C, Wu LL. Quercetin reshapes gut microbiota homeostasis and modulates brain metabolic profile to regulate depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS in rats. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1362464. [PMID: 38595919 PMCID: PMC11002179 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1362464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, an abundant flavonoid compound in plants, is considered a novel antidepressant; however, its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of quercetin on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behaviors in rats and explore the underlying mechanisms by combining untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of brain tissue metabolites and gut microbiota. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that at the phylum level, quercetin reduced Firmicutes and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and enhanced Cyanobacteria. At the genus level, quercetin downregulated 6 and upregulated 14 bacterial species. Metabolomics analysis revealed that quercetin regulated multiple metabolic pathways, including glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, sphingolipid metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, and coenzyme A biosynthesis. This modulation leads to improvements in depression-like phenotypes, anxiety-like phenotypes, and cognitive function, highlighting the therapeutic potential of quercetin in treating depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Can Yan
- Integrative Medicine Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Wu
- Integrative Medicine Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Wang Y, Jia Y, Liu X, Yang K, Lin Y, Shao Q, Ling J. Effect of Chaihu-Shugan-San on functional dyspepsia and gut microbiota: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117659. [PMID: 38151181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula from the Ming Dynasty "Jingyue's Complete Works". In China, it is prevalent for the treatment of a wide range of ailments, with a particular emphasis on functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Clinical evidence suggests that CSS has been found to be a highly effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of Functional Dyspepsia (FD), however, there is a limited amount of high-quality clinical evidence, particularly randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials to support this claim. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS) for treating functional dyspepsia (FD) by comparing it to placebos, as well as to investigate the impact of CSS on the gut microbiota in individuals diagnosed with FD. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial implemented at Shuguang Hospital in Shanghai. Between May 2021 and December 2022, 94 participants satisfying the Rome IV diagnostic criteria for FD were enrolled. They were assigned randomly to either the CSS group or the placebo group, with an equal allocation ratio of 1:1. Patients in both groups received the intervention for four weeks. The primary outcome was the dyspepsia symptom scores evaluated by using single dyspepsia symptom scale (SDS) after four weeks of treatment. The secondary outcomes were the solid gastric empties rate measured by a barium strip method, Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), and Functional dyspepsia Quality of life scale (FDDQL). In addition, after unblinding, 30 patients in the CSS group were randomly selected and divided into before and after treatment of the FD groups (FD1, FD2), and 30 healthy participants were selected as healthy control group (HC), and the gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS After four weeks of treatment, the SDS score exhibited a significant improvement in the CSS group compared to the placebo group (t = 4.882; P <0.001). The difference in barium strip gastric emptying rate in the CSS group showed a significant ascent compared to the control group (P < 0.01). The HAMA, HAMD, and FDDQL scores in the CSS group showed a statistically significant increase compared to the control group (all P < 0.01). The results of 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that FD patients had less diverse and abundant microbiota than the healthy people. Additionally, the application of CSS resulted in the modulation of certain bacterial populations, leading to both up-regulation and down-regulation of their quantities. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that CSS is more effective compared to a placebo in treating FD, relieves anxiety and depression, increases gastric emptying rate in FD patients, and that CSS also affects the bacterial community structure in FD patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR, ChiCTR2100045793. Registered 25 Mach 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yuebo Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Keming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yunzhi Lin
- Department of TCM, Shanghai Pudong New District Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China.
| | - Qin Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jianghong Ling
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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22
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Wang S, Zhou S, Han Z, Yu B, Xu Y, Lin Y, Chen Y, Jin Z, Li Y, Cao Q, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Wang YC. From gut to brain: understanding the role of microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1384270. [PMID: 38576620 PMCID: PMC10991805 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
With the proposal of the "biological-psychological-social" model, clinical decision-makers and researchers have paid more attention to the bidirectional interactive effects between psychological factors and diseases. The brain-gut-microbiota axis, as an important pathway for communication between the brain and the gut, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease. This article reviews the mechanism by which psychological disorders mediate inflammatory bowel disease by affecting the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Research progress on inflammatory bowel disease causing "comorbidities of mind and body" through the microbiota-gut-brain axis is also described. In addition, to meet the needs of individualized treatment, this article describes some nontraditional and easily overlooked treatment strategies that have led to new ideas for "psychosomatic treatment".
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wang
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuwei Zhou
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongyu Han
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yumeng Lin
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Rehabilitation, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalong Li
- Anorectal Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qinhan Cao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Chengdu, China
| | - Yunying Xu
- Clinical Medical School, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Wang
- Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Hung LY, Margolis KG. Autism spectrum disorders and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into mechanisms and clinical relevance. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:142-163. [PMID: 38114585 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are recognized as central neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed by impairments in social interactions, communication and repetitive behaviours. The recognition of ASD as a central nervous system (CNS)-mediated neurobehavioural disorder has led most of the research in ASD to be focused on the CNS. However, gastrointestinal function is also likely to be affected owing to the neural mechanistic nature of ASD and the nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract (enteric nervous system). Thus, it is unsurprising that gastrointestinal disorders, particularly constipation, diarrhoea and abdominal pain, are highly comorbid in individuals with ASD. Gastrointestinal problems have also been repeatedly associated with increased severity of the core symptoms diagnostic of ASD and other centrally mediated comorbid conditions, including psychiatric issues, irritability, rigid-compulsive behaviours and aggression. Despite the high prevalence of gastrointestinal dysfunction in ASD and its associated behavioural comorbidities, the specific links between these two conditions have not been clearly delineated, and current data linking ASD to gastrointestinal dysfunction have not been extensively reviewed. This Review outlines the established and emerging clinical and preclinical evidence that emphasizes the gut as a novel mechanistic and potential therapeutic target for individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Y Hung
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kara Gross Margolis
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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24
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Zhao WX, Wang T, Zhang YN, Chen Q, Wang Y, Xing YQ, Zheng J, Duan CC, Chen LJ, Zhao HJ, Wang SJ. Molecular Mechanism of Polysaccharides Extracted from Chinese Medicine Targeting Gut Microbiota for Promoting Health. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:171-180. [PMID: 35583582 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The accumulating evidence revealed that gut microbiota plays an important role in pathological process of disease including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Polysaccharides extracted from Chinese medicine (CM) can not only alleviate pathological status but also promote health by anti-inflammatory, regulating immunity, lowering blood glucose and lipids, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidation. The alterations of gut microbiota composition and metabolism pathways are the potential mechanisms of CM polysaccharides treatment. In addition, they exert functions through gut-organ axis or play an indirect role by synergistic actions with other drugs or components mediated by gut microbiota. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of CM polysaccharides interacted with intestinal microbial inhabitants as potential prebiotics for promoting health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiao Zhao
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Yan-Qing Xing
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Chen-Chen Duan
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhao
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China.
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China.
| | - Shi-Jun Wang
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
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25
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Lan ZF, Yao W, Xie YC, Chen W, Zhu YY, Chen JQ, Zhou XY, Huang JQ, Wu MS, Chen JX. Oral Troxerutin Alleviates Depression Symptoms in Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Microbial Metabolism. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300603. [PMID: 38072646 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE A growing body of evidence suggests that the harmful gut microbiota in depression patients can play a role in the progression of depression. There is limited research on troxerutin's impact on the central nervous system (CNS), especially in depression. The study finds that troxerutin effectively alleviates depression and anxiety-like behavior in mice by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Firmicutes while decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria like Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria in the gut. Furthermore, the research reveals that troxerutin regulates various metabolic pathways in mice, including nucleotide metabolism, caffeine metabolism, purine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, histidine metabolism, 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and Arginine and proline metabolism. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the study provides compelling evidence for the antidepressant efficacy of troxerutin. Through the investigation of the role of intestinal microorganisms and metabolites, the study identifies these factors as key players in troxerutin's ability to prevent depression. Troxerutin achieves its neuroprotective effects and effectively prevents depression and anxiety by modulating the abundance of gut microbiota, including Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria, as well as regulating metabolites such as creatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fang Lan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yi-Ci Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wushisi Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yin-Ying Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia-Qi Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xing-Yi Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun-Qing Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Man-Si Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- School of Food and Biotechnology, Guangdong Industry Polytechnic, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Ritz NL, Draper LA, Bastiaanssen TFS, Turkington CJR, Peterson VL, van de Wouw M, Vlckova K, Fülling C, Guzzetta KE, Burokas A, Harris H, Dalmasso M, Crispie F, Cotter PD, Shkoporov AN, Moloney GM, Dinan TG, Hill C, Cryan JF. The gut virome is associated with stress-induced changes in behaviour and immune responses in mice. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:359-376. [PMID: 38316929 PMCID: PMC10847049 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01564-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been shown to play an important role in the stress response, but previous work has focused primarily on the role of the bacteriome. The gut virome constitutes a major portion of the microbiome, with bacteriophages having the potential to remodel bacteriome structure and activity. Here we use a mouse model of chronic social stress, and employ 16S rRNA and whole metagenomic sequencing on faecal pellets to determine how the virome is modulated by and contributes to the effects of stress. We found that chronic stress led to behavioural, immune and bacteriome alterations in mice that were associated with changes in the bacteriophage class Caudoviricetes and unassigned viral taxa. To determine whether these changes were causally related to stress-associated behavioural or physiological outcomes, we conducted a faecal virome transplant from mice before stress and autochthonously transferred it to mice undergoing chronic social stress. The transfer of the faecal virome protected against stress-associated behaviour sequelae and restored stress-induced changes in select circulating immune cell populations, cytokine release, bacteriome alterations and gene expression in the amygdala. These data provide evidence that the virome plays a role in the modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis during stress, indicating that these viral populations should be considered when designing future microbiome-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel L Ritz
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lorraine A Draper
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomaz F S Bastiaanssen
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Christopher J R Turkington
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Veronica L Peterson
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcel van de Wouw
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Klara Vlckova
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Katherine E Guzzetta
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aurelijus Burokas
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Hugh Harris
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marion Dalmasso
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Fiona Crispie
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Andrey N Shkoporov
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard M Moloney
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Corke, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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27
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Elangovan A, Dahiya B, Kirola L, Iyer M, Jeeth P, Maharaj S, Kumari N, Lakhanpal V, Michel TM, Rao KRSS, Cho SG, Yadav MK, Gopalakrishnan AV, Kadhirvel S, Kumar NS, Vellingiri B. Does gut brain axis has an impact on Parkinson's disease (PD)? Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102171. [PMID: 38141735 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is becoming a growing global concern by being the second most prevalent disease next to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Henceforth new exploration is needed in search of new aspects towards the disease mechanism and origin. Evidence from recent studies has clearly stated the role of Gut Microbiota (GM) in the maintenance of the brain and as a root cause of various diseases and disorders including other neurological conditions. In the case of PD, with an unknown etiology, the GM is said to have a larger impact on the disease pathophysiology. Although GM and its metabolites are crucial for maintaining the normal physiology of the host, it is an undeniable fact that there is an influence of GM in the pathophysiology of PD. As such the Enteroendocrine Cells (EECs) in the epithelium of the intestine are one of the significant regulators of the gut-brain axis and act as a communication mediator between the gut and the brain. The communication is established via the molecules of neuroendocrine which are said to have a crucial part in neurological diseases such as AD, PD, and other psychiatry-related disorders. This review is focused on understanding the proper role of GM and EECs in PD. Here, we also focus on some of the metabolites and compounds that can interact with the PD genes causing various dysfunctions in the cell and facilitating the disease conditions using bioinformatical tools. Various mechanisms concerning EECs and PD, their identification, the latest studies, and available current therapies have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Elangovan
- Human Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Bhawna Dahiya
- Human Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Laxmi Kirola
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priyanka Jeeth
- Department of Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Sakshi Maharaj
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Nikki Kumari
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Vikas Lakhanpal
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda 151005, Punjab, India
| | - Tanja Maria Michel
- Research Unit of Psychiatry, Dept. of Psychiatry Odense, Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowsvej 20, Indg. 220B, Odense, Denmark
| | - K R S Sambasiva Rao
- Mangalayatan University - Jabalpur, Jabalpur - 481662, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Molecular & Cellular Reprogramming Center and Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, India
| | - Saraboji Kadhirvel
- Department of Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University (A Central University), Aizawl, 796 004 Mizoram, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India.
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28
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Kim J, Jang H, Koh H. MiMultiCat: A Unified Cloud Platform for the Analysis of Microbiome Data with Multi-Categorical Responses. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:60. [PMID: 38247937 PMCID: PMC10813402 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of the human microbiome is rapidly growing due to the recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies. Meanwhile, there have also been many new analytic pipelines, methods and/or tools developed for microbiome data preprocessing and analytics. They are usually focused on microbiome data with continuous (e.g., body mass index) or binary responses (e.g., diseased vs. healthy), yet multi-categorical responses that have more than two categories are also common in reality. In this paper, we introduce a new unified cloud platform, named MiMultiCat, for the analysis of microbiome data with multi-categorical responses. The two main distinguishing features of MiMultiCat are as follows: First, MiMultiCat streamlines a long sequence of microbiome data preprocessing and analytic procedures on user-friendly web interfaces; as such, it is easy to use for many people in various disciplines (e.g., biology, medicine, public health). Second, MiMultiCat performs both association testing and prediction modeling extensively. For association testing, MiMultiCat handles both ecological (e.g., alpha and beta diversity) and taxonomical (e.g., phylum, class, order, family, genus, species) contexts through covariate-adjusted or unadjusted analysis. For prediction modeling, MiMultiCat employs the random forest and gradient boosting algorithms that are well suited to microbiome data while providing nice visual interpretations. We demonstrate its use through the reanalysis of gut microbiome data on obesity with body mass index categories. MiMultiCat is freely available on our web server.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyunwook Koh
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York (SUNY), Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea
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29
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Ritz NL, Brocka M, Butler MI, Cowan CSM, Barrera-Bugueño C, Turkington CJR, Draper LA, Bastiaanssen TFS, Turpin V, Morales L, Campos D, Gheorghe CE, Ratsika A, Sharma V, Golubeva AV, Aburto MR, Shkoporov AN, Moloney GM, Hill C, Clarke G, Slattery DA, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Social anxiety disorder-associated gut microbiota increases social fear. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2308706120. [PMID: 38147649 PMCID: PMC10769841 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308706120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a crippling psychiatric disorder characterized by intense fear or anxiety in social situations and their avoidance. However, the underlying biology of SAD is unclear and better treatments are needed. Recently, the gut microbiota has emerged as a key regulator of both brain and behaviour, especially those related to social function. Moreover, increasing data supports a role for immune function and oxytocin signalling in social responses. To investigate whether the gut microbiota plays a causal role in modulating behaviours relevant to SAD, we transplanted the microbiota from SAD patients, which was identified by 16S rRNA sequencing to be of a differential composition compared to healthy controls, to mice. Although the mice that received the SAD microbiota had normal behaviours across a battery of tests designed to assess depression and general anxiety-like behaviours, they had a specific heightened sensitivity to social fear, a model of SAD. This distinct heightened social fear response was coupled with changes in central and peripheral immune function and oxytocin expression in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. This work demonstrates an interkingdom basis for social fear responses and posits the microbiome as a potential therapeutic target for SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel L. Ritz
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Marta Brocka
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Mary I. Butler
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Caitlin S. M. Cowan
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Camila Barrera-Bugueño
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Christopher J. R. Turkington
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, CorkT12K8AF, Ireland
| | - Lorraine A. Draper
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, CorkT12K8AF, Ireland
| | - Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Valentine Turpin
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Lorena Morales
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - David Campos
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Cassandra E. Gheorghe
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Anna Ratsika
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Virat Sharma
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, CorkT12K8AF, Ireland
| | - Anna V. Golubeva
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Maria R. Aburto
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Andrey N. Shkoporov
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, CorkT12K8AF, Ireland
| | - Gerard M. Moloney
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, CorkT12K8AF, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - David A. Slattery
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt60528, Germany
| | - Timothy G. Dinan
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
| | - John F. Cryan
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, CorkT12YT20, Ireland
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30
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Luo X, Yang X, Tan S, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Tian X, Huang Y, Zhou Y, He C, Yin K, Xu D, Li X, Sun F, Tang R, Cao J, Zheng K, Yu Y, Pan W. Gut microbiota mediates anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic infection of Toxoplasma gondii in mice. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2391535. [PMID: 39182245 PMCID: PMC11346544 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2391535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infection with the neurotropic parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) can cause anxiety and gut microbiota dysbiosis in hosts. However, the potential role of gut microbiota in anxiety induced by the parasite remains unclear. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were infected with 10 cysts of T. gondii. Antibiotic depletion of gut microbiota and fecal microbiota transplantation experiments were utilized to investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and anxiety. Anxiety-like behaviors were examined by the elevated plus maze test and the open field test; blood, feces, colon and amygdala were collected to evaluate the profiles of serum endotoxin (Lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), gut microbiota composition, metabolomics, global transcriptome and neuroinflammation in the amygdala. Furthermore, the effects of Diethyl butylmalonate (DBM, an inhibitor of mitochondrial succinate transporter, which causes the accumulation of endogenous succinate) on the disorders of the gut-brain axis were evaluated. RESULTS Here, we found that T. gondii chronic infection induced anxiety-like behaviors and disturbed the composition of the gut microbiota in mice. In the amygdala, T. gondii infection triggered the microglial activation and neuroinflammation. In the colon, T. gondii infection caused the intestinal dyshomeostasis including elevated colonic inflammation, enhanced bacterial endotoxin translocation to blood and compromised intestinal barrier. In the serum, T. gondii infection increased the LPS levels and decreased the 5-HT levels. Interestingly, antibiotics ablation of gut microbiota alleviated the anxiety-like behaviors induced by T. gondii infection. More importantly, transplantation of the fecal microbiota from T. gondii-infected mice resulted in anxiety and the transcriptomic alteration in the amygdala of the antibiotic-pretreated mice. Notably, the decreased abundance of succinate-producing bacteria and the decreased production of succinate were observed in the feces of the T. gondii-infected mice. Moreover, DBM administration ameliorated the anxiety and gut barrier impairment induced by T. gondii infection. CONCLUSIONS The present study uncovers a novel role of gut microbiota in mediating the anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic T. gondii infection. Moreover, we show that DBM supplementation has a beneficial effect on anxiety. Overall, these findings provide new insights into the treatment of T. gondii-related mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shimin Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunqiu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaokang Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingting Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Yin
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Daxiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fenfen Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinghua Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
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31
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Kraimi N, Ross T, Pujo J, De Palma G. The gut microbiome in disorders of gut-brain interaction. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2360233. [PMID: 38949979 PMCID: PMC11218806 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2360233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), chronic disorders characterized by either abdominal pain, altered intestinal motility, or their combination, have a worldwide prevalence of more than 40% and impose a high socioeconomic burden with a significant decline in quality of life. Recently, FGIDs have been reclassified as disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), reflecting the key role of the gut-brain bidirectional communication in these disorders and their impact on psychological comorbidities. Although, during the past decades, the field of DGBIs has advanced significantly, the molecular mechanisms underlying DGBIs pathogenesis and pathophysiology, and the role of the gut microbiome in these processes are not fully understood. This review aims to discuss the latest body of literature on the complex microbiota-gut-brain interactions and their implications in the pathogenesis of DGBIs. A better understanding of the existing communication pathways between the gut microbiome and the brain holds promise in developing effective therapeutic interventions for DGBIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjis Kraimi
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Taylor Ross
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Julien Pujo
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Giada De Palma
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Martin FP, Cominetti O, Berger B, Combremont S, Marquis J, Xie G, Jia W, Pinto-Sanchez MI, Bercik P, Bergonzelli G. Metabolome-associated psychological comorbidities improvement in irritable bowel syndrome patients receiving a probiotic. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2347715. [PMID: 38717445 PMCID: PMC11085950 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2347715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Our recent randomized, placebo-controlled study in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) patients with diarrhea or alternating bowel habits showed that the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum (BL) NCC3001 improves depression scores and decreases brain emotional reactivity. However, the involved metabolic pathways remain unclear. This analysis aimed to investigate the biochemical pathways underlying the beneficial effects of BL NCC3001 using metabolomic profiling. Patients received probiotic (1x 1010CFU, n=16) or placebo (n=19) daily for 6 weeks. Anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Brain activity in response to negative emotional stimuli was assessed by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Probiotic fecal abundance was quantified by qPCR. Quantitative measurement of specific panels of plasma host-microbial metabolites was performed by mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Probiotic abundance in feces was associated with improvements in anxiety and depression scores, and a decrease in amygdala activation. The probiotic treatment increased the levels of butyric acid, tryptophan, N-acetyl tryptophan, glycine-conjugated bile acids, and free fatty acids. Butyric acid concentration correlated with lower anxiety and depression scores, and decreased amygdala activation. Furthermore, butyric acid concentration correlated with the probiotic abundance in feces. In patients with non-constipation IBS, improvements in psychological comorbidities and brain emotional reactivity were associated with an increased abundance of BL NCC3001 in feces and specific plasma metabolites, mainly butyric acid. These findings suggest the importance of a probiotic to thrive in the gut and highlight butyric acid as a potential biochemical marker linking microbial metabolism with beneficial effects on the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois-Pierre Martin
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ornella Cominetti
- Nestlé Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Berger
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Séverine Combremont
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Marquis
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guoxiang Xie
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center (UHCC), Honolulu, HI, USA
- Human Metabolomics Institute, Inc, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Jia
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center (UHCC), Honolulu, HI, USA
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maria Inés Pinto-Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Premysl Bercik
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gabriela Bergonzelli
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ho SM, Tsai WH, Lai CH, Chiang MH, Lee WP, Wu HY, Bai PY, Wu T, Wu CL. Probiotic Lactobacillus spp. improves Drosophila memory by increasing lactate dehydrogenase levels in the brain mushroom body neurons. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2316533. [PMID: 38372783 PMCID: PMC10877976 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2316533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms that offer potential benefits to their hosts and can occasionally influence behavioral responses. However, the detailed mechanisms by which probiotics affect the behavior of their hosts and the underlying biogenic effects remain unclear. Lactic acid bacteria, specifically Lactobacillus spp. are known probiotics. Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly, is a well-established model organism for investigating the interaction between the host and gut microbiota in translational research. Herein, we showed that 5-day administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus (termed GMNL-185) or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (termed GMNL-680) enhances olfactory-associative memory in Drosophila. Moreover, a combined diet of GMNL-185 and GMNL-680 demonstrated synergistic effects on memory functions. Live brain imaging revealed a significant increase in calcium responses to the training odor in the mushroom body β and γ lobes of flies that underwent mixed feeding with GMNL-185 and GMNL-680. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and whole-mount brain immunohistochemistry revealed significant upregulation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) expression in the fly brain following the mixed feeding. Notably, the genetic knockdown of Ldh in neurons, specifically in mushroom body, ameliorated the beneficial effects of mixed feeding with GMNL-185 and GMNL-680 on memory improvement. Altogether, our results demonstrate that supplementation with L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus enhances memory functions in flies by increasing brain LDH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuk-Man Ho
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hua Tsai
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, School of Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Chiang
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Po Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Bai
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tony Wu
- Department of Neurology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Wu L, Zhou J, Zhou A, Lei Y, Tang L, Hu S, Wang S, Xiao X, Chen Q, Tu D, Lu C, Lai Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Tang B, Yang S. Lactobacillus acidophilus ameliorates cholestatic liver injury through inhibiting bile acid synthesis and promoting bile acid excretion. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2390176. [PMID: 39205654 PMCID: PMC11364073 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2390176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis is involved in cholestatic liver diseases. However, the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects and mechanisms of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) on cholestatic liver injury in both animals and humans. Bile duct ligation (BDL) was performed to mimic cholestatic liver injury in mice and serum liver function was tested. Gut microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Fecal bacteria transplantation (FMT) was used to evaluate the role of gut microbiota in cholestasis. Bile acids (BAs) profiles were analyzed by targeted metabolomics. Effects of L. acidophilus in cholestatic patients were evaluated by a randomized controlled clinical trial (NO: ChiCTR2200063330). BDL induced different severity of liver injury, which was associated with gut microbiota. 16S rRNA sequencing of feces confirmed the gut flora differences between groups, of which L. acidophilus was the most distinguished genus. Administration of L. acidophilus after BDL significantly attenuated hepatic injury in mice, decreased liver total BAs and increased fecal total BAs. Furthermore, after L. acidophilus treatment, inhibition of hepatic Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7α1), restored ileum Fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) and Small heterodimer partner (SHP) accounted for BAs synthesis decrease, whereas enhanced BAs excretion was attributed to the increase of unconjugated BAs by enriched bile salt hydrolase (BSH) enzymes in feces. Similarly, in cholestasis patients, supplementation of L. acidophilus promoted the recovery of liver function and negatively correlated with liver function indicators, possibly in relationship with the changes in BAs profiles and gut microbiota composition. L. acidophilus treatment ameliorates cholestatic liver injury through inhibited hepatic BAs synthesis and enhances fecal BAs excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianchun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - An Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiping Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sumin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dianji Tu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiding Li
- Shigatse Branch, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Tibet, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Shigatse Branch, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Tibet, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Gupta S, Dinesh S, Sharma S. Bridging the Mind and Gut: Uncovering the Intricacies of Neurotransmitters, Neuropeptides, and their Influence on Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:2-21. [PMID: 38265387 DOI: 10.2174/0118715249271548231115071021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bidirectional signaling channel that facilitates communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. Recent research on the gut-brain axis demonstrates that this connection enables the brain to influence gut function, which in turn influences the brain and its cognitive functioning. It is well established that malfunctioning of this axis adversely affects both systems' ability to operate effectively. OBJECTIVE Dysfunctions in the GBA have been associated with disorders of gut motility and permeability, intestinal inflammation, indigestion, constipation, diarrhea, IBS, and IBD, as well as neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders like depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease. Multiple research initiatives have shown that the gut microbiota, in particular, plays a crucial role in the GBA by participating in the regulation of a number of key neurochemicals that are known to have significant effects on the mental and physical well-being of an individual. METHODS Several studies have investigated the relationship between neuropsychiatric disorders and imbalances or disturbances in the metabolism of neurochemicals, often leading to concomitant gastrointestinal issues and modifications in gut flora composition. The interaction between neurological diseases and gut microbiota has been a focal point within this research. The novel therapeutic interventions in neuropsychiatric conditions involving interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary modifications are outlined in this review. RESULTS The findings of multiple studies carried out on mice show that modulating and monitoring gut microbiota can help treat symptoms of such diseases, which raises the possibility of the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and even dietary changes as part of a new treatment strategy for neuropsychiatric disorders and their symptoms. CONCLUSION The bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain through the gut-brain axis has revealed profound implications for both gastrointestinal and neurological health. Malfunctions in this axis have been connected to a range of disorders affecting gut function as well as cognitive and neuropsychiatric well-being. The emerging understanding of the role of gut microbiota in regulating key neurochemicals opens up possibilities for novel treatment approaches for conditions like depression, anxiety, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Gupta
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru, India
| | - Susha Dinesh
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sameer Sharma
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru, India
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Zhang Z, Li Q, Zhang S, Liu Y, Lu G, Wen Q, Cui B, Zhang F, Zhang F. Washed microbiota transplantation targeting both gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110839. [PMID: 37562707 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been reported with the treatment potential for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the knowledge of its effect on extraintestinal symptoms of IBS is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the improved methodology of FMT, washed microbiota transplantation (WMT), on sleep disturbances, and psychological and gastrointestinal symptoms among patients with IBS. METHODS This was a prospective observational study involving patients with IBS who underwent WMT. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality. The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) were used to evaluate gastrointestinal symptoms and IBS severity, respectively. The Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to evaluate depression and anxiety, respectively. All the symptoms were evaluated at baseline and one month after WMT. A multiple logistic regression model was used to determine the predictive factors of sleep improvement one month after WMT. RESULTS Seventy-three patients with IBS were included in the study. Sleep quality (Z = -4.211, P < 0.001), anxiety (Z = -4.775, P < 0.001), depression (Z = -4.610, P < 0.001), gastrointestinal symptoms (Z = -5.364, P < 0.001), and IBS severity (Z = -6.468, P < 0.001) significantly improved one month after WMT in all patients. The scores of the five components of PSQI including subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbances decreased in 52 patients with poor sleep quality (all P < 0.05). Baseline sleep duration scores were identified as an independent predictive factor of sleep improvement one month after WMT in patients with poor sleep quality (OR 2.180 [95% CI = 1.017-4.673]; P = 0.045). Patients that experienced sleep improvement demonstrated greater alleviation in depression (Z = -1.990, P = 0.047) and IBS severity (Z = -2.486, P = 0.013) compared with patients without sleep improvement. CONCLUSION This study suggested that WMT might be a promising therapy for patients with IBS, especially those with comorbid sleep and psychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulun Zhang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine & Medical Centre for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China; Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China.
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Microbiota Medicine & Medical Centre for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China; Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine & Medical Centre for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China; Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China.
| | - Yujie Liu
- Department of Microbiota Medicine & Medical Centre for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China; Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China.
| | - Gaochen Lu
- Department of Microbiota Medicine & Medical Centre for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China; Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China.
| | - Quan Wen
- Department of Microbiota Medicine & Medical Centre for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China; Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China.
| | - Bota Cui
- Department of Microbiota Medicine & Medical Centre for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China; Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China.
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Faming Zhang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine & Medical Centre for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China; Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiang Jia Yuan, Nanjing 210011, China.
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Qian J, Lu J, Cheng S, Zou X, Tao Q, Wang M, Wang N, Zheng L, Liao W, Li Y, Yan F. Periodontitis salivary microbiota exacerbates colitis-induced anxiety-like behavior via gut microbiota. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:93. [PMID: 38062089 PMCID: PMC10703887 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the gut and central nervous system. Many host-related factors can affect gut microbiota, including oral bacteria, making the brain a vulnerable target via the gut-brain axis. Saliva contains a large number of oral bacteria, and periodontitis, a common oral disease, can change the composition of salivary microbiota. However, the role and mechanism of periodontitis salivary microbiota (PSM) on the gut-brain axis remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the nature and mechanisms of this relationship using the mice with dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced anxiety-like behavior. Compared with healthy salivary microbiota, PSM worsened anxiety-like behavior; it significantly reduced the number of normal neurons and activated microglia in DSS mice. Antibiotic treatment eliminated the effect of PSM on anxiety-like behavior, and transplantation of fecal microbiota from PSM-gavaged mice exacerbated anxiety-like behavior. These observations indicated that the anxiety-exacerbating effect of PSM was dependent on the gut microbiota. Moreover, the PSM effect on anxiety-like behavior was not present in non-DSS mice, indicating that DSS treatment was a prerequisite for PSM to exacerbate anxiety. Mechanistically, PSM altered the histidine metabolism in both gut and brain metabolomics. Supplementation of histidine-related metabolites had a similar anxiety-exacerbating effect as that of PSM, suggesting that histidine metabolism may be a critical pathway in this process. Our results demonstrate that PSM can exacerbate colitis-induced anxiety-like behavior by directly affecting the host gut microbiota, emphasizing the importance of oral diseases in the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qian
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangyue Lu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuyu Cheng
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xihong Zou
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Tao
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nannan Wang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lichun Zheng
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenzheng Liao
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfen Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Wang Y, Ma W, Mehta R, Nguyen LH, Song M, Drew DA, Asnicar F, Huttenhower C, Segata N, Wolf J, Spector T, Berry S, Staller K, Chan AT. Diet and gut microbial associations in irritable bowel syndrome according to disease subtype. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2262130. [PMID: 37786251 PMCID: PMC10549191 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2262130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of diet and the gut microbiome in the etiopathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the interplay between dietary risk factors and gut microbiota in IBS subtypes using a food frequency questionnaire and stool metagenome data from 969 participants aged 18-65 years in the ZOE PREDICT 1 study, an intervention study designed to predict postprandial metabolic responses. We identified individuals with IBS subtype according to the Rome III criteria based on predominant bowel habits during symptom onset: diarrhea (i.e. looser), constipation (i.e. harder), and mixed. Participants with IBS-D (n = 59) consumed more healthy plant-based foods (e.g. whole grains, leafy vegetables) and fiber, while those with IBS-C (n = 49) tended to consume more unhealthy plant-based foods (e.g. refined grains, fruit juice) than participants without IBS (n = 797). Microbial diversity was nominally lower in patients with IBS-D than in participants without IBS or with IBS-C. Using multivariable-adjusted linear regression, we identified specific microbiota variations in IBS subtypes, including slight increases in pro-inflammatory taxa in IBS-C (e.g. Escherichia coli) and loss of strict anaerobes in IBS-D (e.g. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii). Our analysis also revealed intriguing evidence of interactions between diet and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. The positive associations between fiber and iron intake and IBS-diarrhea were stronger among individuals with a higher relative abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, potentially driven by carbohydrate metabolic pathways, including the superpathway of β-D-glucuronide and D-glucuronate degradation. In conclusion, our findings suggest subtype-specific variations in dietary habits, gut microbial composition and function, and diet-microbiota interactions in IBS, providing insights into potential microbiome-informed dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wang
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raaj Mehta
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Long H. Nguyen
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A. Drew
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Asnicar
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Oncology Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tim Spector
- Department of Twin Research, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Berry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Kyle Staller
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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39
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Liu XY, Wu SD. Fecal microbiota transplantation for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: Current advances and future perspectives. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:922-932. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i22.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a kind of functional gastroin-testinal disorder, characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. IBS adversely affects the quality of life of patients for the lack of effective treatment. The etiology of IBS remains poorly known. Previous studies suggested a possible role of gut dysbiosis in IBS pathogenesis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which aims to reverse the gut dysbiosis, is a promising strategy in IBS management. In this review, we summarize the role of the gut microbiota in IBS pathogenesis from different aspects. We also review recent studies on efficacy evaluation of FMT in IBS. Besides, we discuss factors affecting the efficacy of FMT, hoping to provide a reference for future IBS treatment strategies targeting the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sheng-Di Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Lai TT, Liou CW, Tsai YH, Lin YY, Wu WL. Butterflies in the gut: the interplay between intestinal microbiota and stress. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:92. [PMID: 38012609 PMCID: PMC10683179 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00984-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress is a global issue that affects at least one-third of the population worldwide and increases the risk of numerous psychiatric disorders. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut and its inhabiting microbes may regulate stress and stress-associated behavioral abnormalities. Hence, the objective of this review is to explore the causal relationships between the gut microbiota, stress, and behavior. Dysbiosis of the microbiome after stress exposure indicated microbial adaption to stressors. Strikingly, the hyperactivated stress signaling found in microbiota-deficient rodents can be normalized by microbiota-based treatments, suggesting that gut microbiota can actively modify the stress response. Microbiota can regulate stress response via intestinal glucocorticoids or autonomic nervous system. Several studies suggest that gut bacteria are involved in the direct modulation of steroid synthesis and metabolism. This review provides recent discoveries on the pathways by which gut microbes affect stress signaling and brain circuits and ultimately impact the host's complex behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ting Lai
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Tsai
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yuan Lin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Li Wu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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Kim N, Ju IG, Jeon SH, Lee Y, Jung MJ, Gee MS, Cho JS, Inn KS, Garrett-Sinha LA, Oh MS, Lee JK. Inhibition of microfold cells ameliorates early pathological phenotypes by modulating microglial functions in Alzheimer's disease mouse model. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:282. [PMID: 38012646 PMCID: PMC10680211 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02966-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota has recently attracted attention as a pathogenic factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microfold (M) cells, which play a crucial role in the gut immune response against external antigens, are also exploited for the entry of pathogenic bacteria and proteins into the body. However, whether changes in M cells can affect the gut environments and consequently change brain pathologies in AD remains unknown. METHODS Five familial AD (5xFAD) and 5xFAD-derived fecal microbiota transplanted (5xFAD-FMT) naïve mice were used to investigate the changes of M cells in the AD environment. Next, to establish the effect of M cell depletion on AD environments, 5xFAD mice and Spib knockout mice were bred, and behavioral and histological analyses were performed when M cell-depleted 5xFAD mice were six or nine months of age. RESULTS In this study, we found that M cell numbers were increased in the colons of 5xFAD and 5xFAD-FMT mice compared to those of wild-type (WT) and WT-FMT mice. Moreover, the level of total bacteria infiltrating the colons increased in the AD-mimicked mice. The levels of M cell-related genes and that of infiltrating bacteria showed a significant correlation. The genetic inhibition of M cells (Spib knockout) in 5xFAD mice changed the composition of the gut microbiota, along with decreasing proinflammatory cytokine levels in the colons. M cell depletion ameliorated AD symptoms including amyloid-β accumulation, microglial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and memory impairment. Similarly, 5xFAD-FMT did not induce AD-like pathologies, such as memory impairment and excessive neuroinflammation in Spib-/- mice. CONCLUSION Therefore, our findings provide evidence that the inhibiting M cells can prevent AD progression, with therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namkwon Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Gyoung Ju
- Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Jeon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongae Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sung Gee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seok Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Inn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Trinh S, Keller L, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Seitz J. [Fecal Microbiota Transplants in the Context of (Child and Adolescent) Psychiatric Disorders]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER- UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2023; 51:431-440. [PMID: 36892328 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Fecal Microbiota Transplants in the Context of (Child and Adolescent) Psychiatric Disorders Abstract: There has recently been a significant increase in interest in gut microbiota and its interaction with the brain (gut-brain axis). Not only are the findings of microbiome research interesting for basic scientists, they also offer relevant insights for clinical practice. A causal relationship between gut microbiome and various somatic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel diseases, and obesity as well as psychiatric diseases such as major depression, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders seems plausible. To study the causal relationship of intestinal bacteria with individual phenotypes, researchers apply so-called stool transplantations (fecal microbiota transplantations) in the preclinical context. For this purpose, they transfer microbiota samples from patients into laboratory animals to observe possible changes in phenotype. In the clinical context, fecal microbiota transplantation is already being used with therapeutic intentions for selected diseases, for example, recurrent infections with Clostridioides difficile or inflammatory bowel diseases; they have already become part of the official clinical guidelines for C. difficile. For many other diseases, however, including mental illnesses, the potential of using fecal transplantations for therapeutic purposes is still being explored. Previous findings suggest that the intestinal microbiome, particularly fecal microbiota transplantations, represent a promising starting point for new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Trinh
- Institut für Neuroanatomie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Lara Keller
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Jochen Seitz
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Deutschland
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Zhang J, Zhang C, Zhang T, Zhang L, Duan L. Distinct Effects of Non-absorbed Agents Rifaximin and Berberine on the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Dysbiosis-induced Visceral Hypersensitivity in Rats. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 29:520-531. [PMID: 37814439 PMCID: PMC10577460 DOI: 10.5056/jnm22182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is accepted as a disorder of gut-brain interactions. Berberine and rifaximin are non-absorbed antibiotics and have been confirmed effective for IBS treatment, but there is still lack of direct comparison of their effects. This study aims to compare the effect of the 2 drugs on the alteration of gut-brain axis caused by gut microbiota from IBS patients. Methods Germ-free rats received fecal microbiota transplantation from screened IBS patients and healthy controls. After 14 days' colonization, rats were administrated orally with berberine, rifaximin or vehicle respectively for the next 14 days. The visceral sensitivity was evaluated, fecal microbiota profiled and microbial short chain fatty acids were determined. Immunofluorescence staining and morphological analysis were performed to evaluate microglial activation. Results Visceral hypersensitivity induced by IBS-fecal microbiota transplantation was relieved by berberine and rifaximin, and berberine increased sucrose preference rate. Microbial α-diversity were reduced by both drugs. Compared with rifaximin, berberine significantly changed microbial structure and enriched Lachnoclostridium. Furthermore, berberine but not rifaximin significantly increased fecal concentrations of acetate and propionate acids. Berberine restored the morphological alterations of microglia induced by dysbiosis, which may be associated with its effect on the expression of microbial gene pathways involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Rifaximin affected neither the numbers of activated microglial cells nor the microglial morphological alterations. Conclusions Berberine enriched Lachnoclostridium, reduced the expression of peptidoglycan biosynthesis genes and increased acetate and propionate. The absence of these actions of rifaximin may explain the different effects of the drugs on microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cunzheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Yuan C, He Y, Xie K, Feng L, Gao S, Cai L. Review of microbiota gut brain axis and innate immunity in inflammatory and infective diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1282431. [PMID: 37868345 PMCID: PMC10585369 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1282431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota gut brain (MGB) axis has been shown to play a significant role in the regulation of inflammatory and infective diseases. Exploring the structure and communication mode of MGB axis is crucial for understanding its role in diseases, and studying the signaling pathways and regulatory methods of MGB axis regulation in diseases is also of profound significance for future clinical research. This article reviews the composition, communication mechanism of MGB axis and its role in inflammatory and infective diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), depression, psoriasis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In addition, our investigation delved into the regulatory functions of the inflammasome, IFN-I, NF-κB, and PARK7/DJ-1 innate immune signaling pathway in the context of inflammatory and infective diseases. Ultimately, we discussed the efficacy of various interventions, including fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics, in the management of inflammatory and infective diseases. Understanding the role and mechanism of the MGB axis might make positive effects in the treatment of inflammatory and infective diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongshan Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuhong He
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kunyu Xie
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lianjun Feng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shouyang Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lifu Cai
- Department of Obstetrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Jang H, Park S, Koh H. Comprehensive microbiome causal mediation analysis using MiMed on user-friendly web interfaces. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 8:bpad023. [PMID: 37840574 PMCID: PMC10576642 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
It is a central goal of human microbiome studies to see the roles of the microbiome as a mediator that transmits environmental, behavioral, or medical exposures to health or disease outcomes. Yet, mediation analysis is not used as much as it should be. One reason is because of the lack of carefully planned routines, compilers, and automated computing systems for microbiome mediation analysis (MiMed) to perform a series of data processing, diversity calculation, data normalization, downstream data analysis, and visualizations. Many researchers in various disciplines (e.g. clinicians, public health practitioners, and biologists) are not also familiar with related statistical methods and programming languages on command-line interfaces. Thus, in this article, we introduce a web cloud computing platform, named as MiMed, that enables comprehensive MiMed on user-friendly web interfaces. The main features of MiMed are as follows. First, MiMed can survey the microbiome in various spheres (i) as a whole microbial ecosystem using different ecological measures (e.g. alpha- and beta-diversity indices) or (ii) as individual microbial taxa (e.g. phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species) using different data normalization methods. Second, MiMed enables covariate-adjusted analysis to control for potential confounding factors (e.g. age and gender), which is essential to enhance the causality of the results, especially for observational studies. Third, MiMed enables a breadth of statistical inferences in both mediation effect estimation and significance testing. Fourth, MiMed provides flexible and easy-to-use data processing and analytic modules and creates nice graphical representations. Finally, MiMed employs ChatGPT to search for what has been known about the microbial taxa that are found significantly as mediators using artificial intelligence technologies. For demonstration purposes, we applied MiMed to the study on the mediating roles of oral microbiome in subgingival niches between e-cigarette smoking and gingival inflammation. MiMed is freely available on our web server (http://mimed.micloud.kr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojung Jang
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Solha Park
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyunwook Koh
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea
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Widjaja F, Rietjens IMCM. From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2658. [PMID: 37893032 PMCID: PMC10603957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition, viability and metabolic functionality of intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease. Studies on intestinal microbiota are often based on fecal samples, because these can be sampled in a non-invasive way, although procedures for sampling, processing and storage vary. This review presents factors to consider when developing an automated protocol for sampling, processing and storing fecal samples: donor inclusion criteria, urine-feces separation in smart toilets, homogenization, aliquoting, usage or type of buffer to dissolve and store fecal material, temperature and time for processing and storage and quality control. The lack of standardization and low-throughput of state-of-the-art fecal collection procedures promote a more automated protocol. Based on this review, an automated protocol is proposed. Fecal samples should be collected and immediately processed under anaerobic conditions at either room temperature (RT) for a maximum of 4 h or at 4 °C for no more than 24 h. Upon homogenization, preferably in the absence of added solvent to allow addition of a buffer of choice at a later stage, aliquots obtained should be stored at either -20 °C for up to a few months or -80 °C for a longer period-up to 2 years. Protocols for quality control should characterize microbial composition and viability as well as metabolic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Widjaja
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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Staudacher HM, Black CJ, Teasdale SB, Mikocka-Walus A, Keefer L. Irritable bowel syndrome and mental health comorbidity - approach to multidisciplinary management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:582-596. [PMID: 37268741 PMCID: PMC10237074 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects 5-10% of the global population. Up to one-third of people with IBS also experience anxiety or depression. Gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms both drive health-care use in people with IBS, but psychological comorbidity seems to be more important for long-term quality of life. An integrated care approach that addresses gastrointestinal symptoms with nutrition and brain-gut behaviour therapies is considered the gold standard. However, best practice for the treatment of individuals with IBS who have a comorbid psychological condition is unclear. Given the rising prevalence of mental health disorders, discussion of the challenges of implementing therapy for people with IBS and anxiety and depression is critical. In this Review, we draw upon our expertise in gastroenterology, nutrition science and psychology to highlight common challenges that arise when managing patients with IBS and co-occurring anxiety and depression, and provide recommendations for tailoring clinical assessment and treatment. We provide best practice recommendations, including dietary and behavioural interventions that could be applied by non-specialists and clinicians working outside an integrated care model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi M Staudacher
- Food & Mood Centre, IMPACT Institute, Deakin University Geelong, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Black
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Scott B Teasdale
- Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Laurie Keefer
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Dai Y, Shen Z, Khachatryan LG, Vadiyan DE, Karampoor S, Mirzaei R. Unraveling mechanistic insights into the role of microbiome in neurogenic hypertension: A comprehensive review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154740. [PMID: 37567034 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Neurogenic hypertension, a complex and multifactorial cardiovascular disorder, is known to be influenced by various genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the role of the gut microbiome in hypertension pathogenesis. The bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system, known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis, has emerged as a crucial mechanism through which the gut microbiota exerts its influence on neuroinflammation, immune responses, and blood pressure regulation. Recent studies have shown how the microbiome has a substantial impact on a variety of physiological functions, such as cardiovascular health. The increased sympathetic activity to the gut may cause microbial dysbiosis, increased permeability of the gut, and increased inflammatory reactions by altering a number of intestinal bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the plasma. Collectively, these microbial metabolic and structural compounds stimulate sympathetic stimulation, which may be an important stage in the onset of hypertension. The result is an upsurge in peripheral and central inflammatory response. In addition, it has recently been shown that a link between the immune system and the gut microbiota might play a significant role in hypertension. The therapeutic implications of the gut microbiome including probiotic usage, prebiotics, dietary modifications, and fecal microbiota transplantation in neurogenic hypertension have also been found. A large body of research suggests that probiotic supplementation might help reduce chronic inflammation and hypertension that have an association with dysbiosis in the gut microbiota. Overall, this review sheds light on the intricate interplay between the gut microbiome and neurogenic hypertension, providing valuable insights for both researchers and clinicians. As our knowledge of the microbiome's role in hypertension expands, novel therapeutic strategies and diagnostic biomarkers may pave the way for more effective management and prevention of this prevalent cardiovascular disorder. Exploring the potential of the microbiome in hypertension offers an exciting avenue for future research and offers opportunities for precision medicine and improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusang Dai
- Physical Examination Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Zheng Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Lusine G Khachatryan
- Department of Pediatric Diseases, N.F. Filatov Clinical Institute of Children's Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia
| | - Diana E Vadiyan
- Institute of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and Orthodontics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Shirley DA, Tornel W, Warren CA, Moonah S. Clostridioides difficile Infection in Children: Recent Updates on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Therapy. Pediatrics 2023; 152:e2023062307. [PMID: 37560802 PMCID: PMC10471512 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-062307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile is the most important infectious cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea worldwide and a leading cause of healthcare-associated infection in the United States. The incidence of C. difficile infection (CDI) in children has increased, with 20 000 cases now reported annually, also posing indirect educational and economic consequences. In contrast to infection in adults, CDI in children is more commonly community-associated, accounting for three-quarters of all cases. A wide spectrum of disease severity ranging from asymptomatic carriage to severe diarrhea can occur, varying by age. Fulminant disease, although rare in children, is associated with high morbidity and even fatality. Diagnosis of CDI can be challenging as currently available tests detect either the presence of organism or disease-causing toxin but cannot distinguish colonization from infection. Since colonization can be high in specific pediatric groups, such as infants and young children, biomarkers to aid in accurate diagnosis are urgently needed. Similar to disease in adults, recurrence of CDI in children is common, affecting 20% to 30% of incident cases. Metronidazole has long been considered the mainstay therapy for CDI in children. However, new evidence supports the safety and efficacy of oral vancomycin and fidaxomicin as additional treatment options, whereas fecal microbiota transplantation is gaining popularity for recurrent infection. Recent advancements in our understanding of emerging epidemiologic trends and management of CDI unique to children are highlighted in this review. Despite encouraging therapeutic advancements, there remains a pressing need to optimize CDI therapy in children, particularly as it pertains to severe and recurrent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cirle A. Warren
- Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine
- Complicated C. difficile Clinic, UVA Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Shannon Moonah
- Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine
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Gu X, Chen ZH, Zhang SC. Fecal microbiota transplantation in childhood: past, present, and future. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:813-822. [PMID: 36484871 PMCID: PMC9734408 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00655-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been well described in the treatment of pediatric diseases; however, the latest updates regarding its use in children are unclear and the concepts involved need to be revisited. DATA SOURCES We performed advanced searches in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases using the keywords "Fecal microbiota transplantation OR Fecal microbiota transfer" in the [Title/Abstract] to identify relevant articles published in English within the last five years. To identify additional studies, reference lists of review articles and included studies were manually searched. Retrieved manuscripts (case reports, reviews, and abstracts) were assessed by the authors. RESULTS Among the articles, studies were based on the mechanism (n = 28), sample preparation (n = 9), delivery approaches (n = 23), safety (n = 26), and indications (n = 67), including Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI; n = 21), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; n = 10), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS; n = 5), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; n = 15), diabetes (n = 5), functional constipation (FC; n = 4), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD; n = 7). CONCLUSIONS Concepts of FMT in pediatric diseases have been updated with respect to underlying mechanisms, methodology, indications, and safety. Evidence-based clinical trials for the use of FMT in pediatric diseases should be introduced to resolve the challenges of dosage, duration, initiation, and the end point of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhao-Hong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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