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Schneidereit D, Bauer J, Mnuskina S, Nübler S, Cacciani N, Mühlberg A, Kreiss L, Ritter P, Schürmann S, Larsson L, Friedrich O. CAS3D: 3D quantitative morphometry on Second Harmonic Generation image volumes from single skeletal muscle fibers. Comput Biol Med 2024; 178:108618. [PMID: 38925088 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The CAS3D image processing method intuitively applies a combination of Fourier space and real space 3D analysis algorithms to volumetric images of single skeletal muscle fiber Myosin II Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) XYZ image data. Our developed tool automatically quantifies the myofibrillar orientation in muscle samples by determining the cosine angle sum of intensity gradients in 3D (CAS3D) while determining the mean sarcomere length (SL) and sample orientation. The expected CAS3D values could be reproduced from ideal artificial data sets. Applied random noise in artificial images lowers the detected CAS3D value, and for noise levels below 20%, the correlation can be approximated by a linear function with a slope of -0.006 CAS3D/noise%. The deviations in SL and orientation detection were determined on ideal and noisy artificial data sets and were statistically indistinguishable from 0 (null hypothesis t-test P > 0.1). The software was applied to a previously published data set of single skeletal muscle fiber volumetric SHG image data from a rat intensive care unit (ICU) model of ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) with treatment regimens involving the small anti-inflammatory molecules BGP-15, vamorolone, or prednisolone. Our method reliably reproduced the results of the previous work and improved the standard deviation of the cosine angle sum detection in all sample groups from a mean of 0.03 to 0.008. This improvement is achieved by applying analysis algorithms to the whole volumetric images in 3D in contrast to the previously common method of slice-wise XY analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schneidereit
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 3, 91052 Erlangn, Germany.
| | - Julian Bauer
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 3, 91052 Erlangn, Germany
| | - Sofia Mnuskina
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 3, 91052 Erlangn, Germany
| | - Stefanie Nübler
- Medical Faculty, IPASUM, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kochstrasse 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicola Cacciani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavaegen 30, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Mühlberg
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 3, 91052 Erlangn, Germany
| | - Lucas Kreiss
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 3, 91052 Erlangn, Germany
| | - Paul Ritter
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 3, 91052 Erlangn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schürmann
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 3, 91052 Erlangn, Germany
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavaegen 30, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 3, 91052 Erlangn, Germany
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2
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van den Berg M, Shi Z, Claassen WJ, Hooijman P, Lewis CTA, Andersen JL, van der Pijl RJ, Bogaards SJP, Conijn S, Peters EL, Begthel LPL, Uijterwijk B, Lindqvist J, Langlais PR, Girbes ARJ, Stapel S, Granzier H, Campbell KS, Ma W, Irving T, Hwee DT, Hartman JJ, Malik FI, Paul M, Beishuizen A, Ochala J, Heunks L, Ottenheijm CAC. Super-relaxed myosins contribute to respiratory muscle hibernation in mechanically ventilated patients. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadg3894. [PMID: 39083588 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg3894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) frequently develop contractile weakness of the diaphragm. Consequently, they may experience difficulty weaning from mechanical ventilation, which increases mortality and poses a high economic burden. Because of a lack of knowledge regarding the molecular changes in the diaphragm, no treatment is currently available to improve diaphragm contractility. We compared diaphragm biopsies from ventilated ICU patients (N = 54) to those of non-ICU patients undergoing thoracic surgery (N = 27). By integrating data from myofiber force measurements, x-ray diffraction experiments, and biochemical assays with clinical data, we found that in myofibers isolated from the diaphragm of ventilated ICU patients, myosin is trapped in an energy-sparing, super-relaxed state, which impairs the binding of myosin to actin during diaphragm contraction. Studies on quadriceps biopsies of ICU patients and on the diaphragm of previously healthy mechanically ventilated rats suggested that the super-relaxed myosins are specific to the diaphragm and not a result of critical illness. Exposing slow- and fast-twitch myofibers isolated from the diaphragm biopsies to small-molecule compounds activating troponin restored contractile force in vitro. These findings support the continued development of drugs that target sarcomere proteins to increase the calcium sensitivity of myofibers for the treatment of ICU-acquired diaphragm weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes van den Berg
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
- Bispebjerg Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine, Copenhagen 2400, Denmark
| | - Zhonghua Shi
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
- Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Intensive Care Medicine, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wout J Claassen
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
| | - Pleuni Hooijman
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
| | - Christopher T A Lewis
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Research and Early Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv 2760, Denmark
| | - Jesper L Andersen
- Bispebjerg Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine, Copenhagen 2400, Denmark
| | - Robbert J van der Pijl
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA
| | - Sylvia J P Bogaards
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Conijn
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
| | - Eva L Peters
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA
| | - Leon P L Begthel
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Bas Uijterwijk
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
| | - Johan Lindqvist
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA
| | - Paul R Langlais
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Armand R J Girbes
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
| | - Sandra Stapel
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
| | - Henk Granzier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA
| | - Kenneth S Campbell
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Weikang Ma
- BioCAT, Illinois Institute of Technology, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Thomas Irving
- BioCAT, Illinois Institute of Technology, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Darren T Hwee
- Research and Early Development, Cytokinetics Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - James J Hartman
- Research and Early Development, Cytokinetics Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Fady I Malik
- Research and Early Development, Cytokinetics Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Marinus Paul
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
| | - Albertus Beishuizen
- Medisch Spectrum Twente, Intensive Care Center, Enschede 7511, HN, Netherlands
| | - Julien Ochala
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Leo Heunks
- Radboud UMC, Department of Intensive Care, Nijmegen 6525, GA, Netherlands
| | - Coen A C Ottenheijm
- Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam 1081, HV, Netherlands
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA
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3
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Oswalia J, Singh S, Gautam V, Arya R. Altered autophagic flux in GNE mutant cells of Indian origin: Potential drug target for GNE myopathy. Exp Cell Res 2024; 440:114118. [PMID: 38852763 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy phenomenon in the cell maintains proteostasis balance by eliminating damaged organelles and protein aggregates. Imbalance in autophagic flux may cause accumulation of protein aggregates in various neurodegenerative disorders. Regulation of autophagy by either calcium or chaperone play a key role in the removal of protein aggregates from the cell. The neuromuscular rare genetic disorder, GNE Myopathy, is characterized by accumulation of rimmed vacuoles having protein aggregates of β-amyloid and tau that may result from altered autophagic flux. In the present study, the autophagic flux was deciphered in HEK cell-based model for GNE Myopathy harbouring GNE mutations of Indian origin. The refolding activity of HSP70 chaperone was found to be reduced in GNE mutant cells compared to wild type controls. The autophagic markers LC3II/I ratio was altered with increased number of autophagosome formation in GNE mutant cells compared to wild type cells. The cytosolic calcium levels were also increased in GNE mutant cells of Indian origin. Interestingly, treatment of GNE mutant cells with HSP70 activator, BGP-15, restored the expression and refolding activity of HSP70 along with autophagosome formation. Treatment with calcium chelator, BAPTA-AM restored the cytoplasmic calcium levels and autophagosome formation but not LC3II/I ratio significantly. Our study provides insights towards GNE mutation specific response for autophagy regulation and opens up a therapeutic advancement area in calcium signalling and HSP70 function for GNE related Myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Oswalia
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Shagun Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Vaishali Gautam
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Ranjana Arya
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Addinsall AB, Cacciani N, Moruzzi N, Akkad H, Maestri A, Berggren PO, Widegren A, Bergquist J, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Larsson L. Ruxolitinib: A new hope for ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14128. [PMID: 38551103 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM Mechanical ventilation (MV) results in diminished diaphragm size and strength, termed ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD). VID increases dependence, prolongs weaning, and increases discharge mortality rates. The Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) pathway is implicated in VIDD, upregulated following MV. JAK/STAT inhibition alleviates chronic muscle wasting conditions. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of Ruxolitinib, an FDA approved JAK1/2 inhibitor (JI) for the treatment of VIDD. METHODS Rats were subjected to 5 days controlled MV (CMV) with and without daily Ruxolitinib gavage. Muscle fiber size and function were assessed. RNAseq, mitochondrial morphology, respirometry, and mass spectrometry were determined. RESULTS CMV significantly reduced diaphragm size and specific force by 45% (p < 0.01), associated with a two-fold P-STAT3 upregulation (p < 0.001). CMV disrupted mitochondrial content and reduced the oxygen consumption rate (p < 0.01). Expression of the motor protein myosin was unaffected, however CMV alters myosin function via post-translational modifications (PTMs). Daily administration of JI increased animal survival (40% vs. 87%; p < 0.05), restricted P-STAT3 (p < 0.001), and preserved diaphragm size and specific force. JI was associated with preserved mitochondrial content and respiratory function (p < 0.01), and the reversal or augmentation of myosin deamidation PTMs of the rod and head region. CONCLUSION JI preserved diaphragm function, leading to increased survival in an experimental model of VIDD. Functional enhancement was associated with maintenance of mitochondrial content and respiration and the reversal of ventilator-induced PTMs of myosin. These results demonstrate the potential of repurposing Ruxolitinib for treatment of VIDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex B Addinsall
- Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicola Cacciani
- Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noah Moruzzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hazem Akkad
- Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alice Maestri
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Widegren
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Muscle Biology Program, Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lars Larsson
- Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Muscle Biology Program, Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Mashangva F, Oswalia J, Singh S, Arya R. Potential small effector molecules restoring cellular defects due to sialic acid biosynthetic enzyme deficiency: Pathological relevance to GNE myopathy. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116199. [PMID: 38604256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
GNEM (GNE Myopathy) is a rare neuromuscular disease caused due to biallelic mutations in sialic acid biosynthetic GNE enzyme (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine Kinase). Recently direct or indirect role of GNE in other cellular functions have been elucidated. Hyposialylation of IGF-1R leads to apoptosis due to mitochondrial dysfunction while hyposialylation of β1 integrin receptor leads to altered F-actin assembly, disrupted cytoskeletal organization and slow cell migration. Other cellular defects in presence of GNE mutation include altered ER redox state and chaperone expression such as HSP70 or PrdxIV. Currently, there is no cure to treat GNEM. Possible therapeutic trials focus on supplementation with sialic acid, ManNAc, sialyllactose and gene therapy that slows the disease progression. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of small molecules like BGP-15 (HSP70 modulator), IGF-1 (IGF-1R ligand) and CGA (cofilin activator) on cellular phenotypes of GNE heterozygous knock out L6 rat skeletal muscle cell line (SKM‑GNEHz). Treatment with BGP-15 improved GNE epimerase activity by 40 % and reduced ER stress by 45 % for SKM‑GNEHz. Treatment with IGF-1 improved epimerase activity by 37.5 %, F-actin assembly by 100 %, cell migration upto 36 % (36 h) and atrophy by 0.44-fold for SKM‑GNEHz. Treatment with CGA recovered epimerase activity by 49 %, F-actin assembly by 132 % and cell migration upto 41 % (24 h) in SKM‑GNEHz. Our study shows that treatment with these small effector molecules reduces the detrimental phenotype observed in SKM‑GNEHz, thereby, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets for GNEM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jyoti Oswalia
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shagun Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ranjana Arya
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Zhang JF, Fang ZT, Zhao JN, Liu GP, Shen X, Jiang GF, Liu Q. Acetylated tau exacerbates apoptosis by disturbing mitochondrial dynamics in HEK293 cells. J Neurochem 2024; 168:288-302. [PMID: 38275215 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
An increase in tau acetylation at K274 and K281 and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics have been observed in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Here, we constructed three types of tau plasmids, TauKQ (acetylated tau mutant, by mutating its K274/K281 into glutamine to mimic disease-associated lysine acetylation), TauKR (non-acetylated tau mutant, by mutating its K274/K281 into arginine), and TauWT (wild-type human full-length tau). By transfecting these tau plasmids in HEK293 cells, we found that TauWT and TauKR induced mitochondrial fusion by increasing the level of mitochondrial fusion proteins. Conversely, TauKQ induced mitochondrial fission by reducing mitochondrial fusion proteins, exacerbating mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. BGP-15 ameliorated TauKQ-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis by improving mitochondrial dynamics. Our findings suggest that acetylation of K274/281 represents an important post-translational modification site regulating mitochondrial dynamics, and that BGP-15 holds potential as a therapeutic agent for mitochondria-associated diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Fei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Ting Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun-Ning Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gong-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Shen
- School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Gao-Feng Jiang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Shen W, Jiang Y, Xu Y, Qian X, Jia J, Ding Y, He Y, Pan Q, Zhuang J, Ge H, Xu P. Cellular senescence contributes to mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragm dysfunction by upregulating p53 signalling pathways. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:509. [PMID: 38097957 PMCID: PMC10722656 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation can cause acute atrophy and injury in the diaphragm, which are related to adverse clinical results. However, the underlying mechanisms of ventilation-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) have not been well elucidated. The current study aimed to explore the role of cellular senescence in VIDD. METHODS A total of twelve New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: (1) spontaneously breathing anaesthetized animals (the CON group) and (2) mechanically ventilated animals (for 48 h) in V-ACV mode (the MV group). Respiratory parameters were collected during ventilation. Diaphragm were collected for further analyses. RESULTS Compared to those in the CON group, the percentage and density of sarcomere disruption in the MV group were much higher (p < 0.001, both). The mRNA expression of MAFbx and MuRF1 was upregulated in the MV group (p = 0.003 and p = 0.006, respectively). Compared to that in the CON group, the expression of MAFbx and MuRF1 detected by western blotting was also upregulated (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively). Moreover, RNA-seq showed that genes associated with senescence were remarkably enriched in the MV group. The mRNA expression of related genes was further verified by q-PCR (Pai1: p = 0.009; MMP9: p = 0.008). Transverse cross-sections of diaphragm myofibrils in the MV group showed more intensive positive staining of SA-βGal than those in the CON group. p53-p21 axis signalling was elevated in the MV group. The mRNA expression of p53 and p21 was significantly upregulated (p = 0.02 and p = 0.05, respectively). The western blot results also showed upregulation of p53 and p21 protein expression (p = 0.03 and p = 0.05, respectively). Moreover, the p21-positive staining in immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry in the MV group was much more intense than that in the CON group (p < 0.001, both). CONCLUSIONS In a rabbit model, we demonstrated that mechanical ventilation in A/C mode for 48 h can still significantly induce ultrastructural damage and atrophy of the diaphragm. Moreover, p53-dependent senescence might play a role in mechanical ventilation-induced dysfunction. These findings might provide novel therapeutic targets for VIDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Shen
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun East Rd. 3, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun East Rd. 3, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun East Rd. 3, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xiaoli Qian
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun East Rd. 3, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jianwei Jia
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun East Rd. 3, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yuejia Ding
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun East Rd. 3, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yuhan He
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun East Rd. 3, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Qing Pan
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Jinyang Zhuang
- Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Huiqing Ge
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun East Rd. 3, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Peifeng Xu
- Department of Respiratory Care, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun East Rd. 3, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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Zhang J, Feng J, Jia J, Wang X, Zhou J, Liu L. Research progress on the pathogenesis and treatment of ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22317. [PMID: 38053869 PMCID: PMC10694316 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) can cause diaphragm fiber atrophy and inspiratory muscle weakness, resulting in diaphragmatic contractile dysfunction, called ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD). VIDD is associated with higher rates of in-hospital deaths, nosocomial pneumonia, difficulty weaning from ventilators, and increased costs. Currently, appropriate clinical strategies to prevent and treat VIDD are unavailable, necessitating the importance of exploring the mechanisms of VIDD and suitable treatment options to reduce the healthcare burden. Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction is associated with oxidative stress, increased protein hydrolysis, disuse atrophy, and calcium ion disorders. Therefore, this article summarizes the molecular pathogenesis and treatment of ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction in recent years so that it can be better served clinically and is essential to reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation use, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and the medical burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Jing Jia
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
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Mnuskina S, Bauer J, Wirth-Hücking A, Schneidereit D, Nübler S, Ritter P, Cacciani N, Li M, Larsson L, Friedrich O. Single fibre cytoarchitecture in ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) assessed by quantitative morphometry second harmonic generation imaging: Positive effects of BGP-15 chaperone co-inducer and VBP-15 dissociative corticosteroid treatment. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1207802. [PMID: 37440999 PMCID: PMC10333583 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1207802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) is a common sequela of intensive care unit (ICU) treatment requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) and neuromuscular blockade (NMBA). It is characterised by diaphragm weakness, prolonged respirator weaning and adverse outcomes. Dissociative glucocorticoids (e.g., vamorolone, VBP-15) and chaperone co-inducers (e.g., BGP-15) previously showed positive effects in an ICU-rat model. In limb muscle critical illness myopathy, preferential myosin loss prevails, while myofibrillar protein post-translational modifications are more dominant in VIDD. It is not known whether the marked decline in specific force (force normalised to cross-sectional area) is a pure consequence of altered contractility signaling or whether diaphragm weakness also has a structural correlate through sterical remodeling of myofibrillar cytoarchitecture, how quickly it develops, and to which extent VBP-15 or BGP-15 may specifically recover myofibrillar geometry. To address these questions, we performed label-free multiphoton Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) imaging followed by quantitative morphometry in single diaphragm muscle fibres from healthy rats subjected to five or 10 days of MV + NMBA to simulate ICU treatment without underlying confounding pathology (like sepsis). Rats received daily treatment of either Prednisolone, VBP-15, BGP-15 or none. Myosin-II SHG signal intensities, fibre diameters (FD) as well as the parameters of myofibrillar angular parallelism (cosine angle sum, CAS) and in-register of adjacent myofibrils (Vernier density, VD) were computed from SHG images. ICU treatment caused a decline in FD at day 10 as well as a significant decline in CAS and VD from day 5. Vamorolone effectively recovered FD at day 10, while BGP-15 was more effective at day 5. BGP-15 was more effective than VBP-15 in recovering CAS at day 10 although not to control levels. In-register VD levels were restored at day 10 by both compounds. Our study is the first to provide quantitative insights into VIDD-related myofibrillar remodeling unravelled by SHG imaging, suggesting that both VBP-15 and BGP-15 can effectively ameliorate the structure-related dysfunction in VIDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Mnuskina
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI), Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julian Bauer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI), Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anette Wirth-Hücking
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI), Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Schneidereit
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI), Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Nübler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI), Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul Ritter
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI), Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicola Cacciani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meishan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (CBI), Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington Campus, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Liu Q, Wang X, Hu Y, Zhao JN, Huang CH, Li T, Zhang BG, He Y, Wu YQ, Zhang ZJ, Wang GP, Liu GP. Acetylated tau exacerbates learning and memory impairment by disturbing with mitochondrial homeostasis. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102697. [PMID: 37037158 PMCID: PMC10114242 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased tau acetylation at K274 and K281 has been observed in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and animal models, and mitochondrial dysfunction are noticeable and early features of AD. However, the effect of acetylated tau on mitochondria has been unclear until now. Here, we constructed three type of tau forms, acetylated tau mutant by mutating its K274/K281 into Glutamine (TauKQ) to mimic disease-associated lysine acetylation, the non-acetylation tau mutant by mutating its K274/K281 into Arginine (TauKR) and the wild-type human full-length tau (TauWT). By overexpression of these tau forms in vivo and in vitro, we found that, TauKQ induced more severe cognitive deficits with neuronal loss, dendritic plasticity damage and mitochondrial dysfunctions than TauWT. Unlike TauWT induced mitochondria fusion, TauKQ not only induced mitochondria fission by decreasing mitofusion proteins, but also inhibited mitochondrial biogenesis via reduction of PGC-1a/Nrf1/Tfam levels. TauKR had no significant difference in the cognitive and mitochondrial abnormalities compared with TauWT. Treatment with BGP-15 rescued impaired learning and memory by attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal loss and dendritic complexity damage, which caused by TauKQ. Our data suggested that, acetylation at K274/281 was an important post translational modification site for tau neurotoxicity, and BGP-15 is a potential therapeutic drug for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jun-Ning Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chun-Hui Huang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic, Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bing-Ge Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ye He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yan-Qing Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Zai-Jun Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic, Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Gong-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Cacciani N, Skärlén Å, Wen Y, Zhang X, Addinsall AB, Llano-Diez M, Li M, Gransberg L, Hedström Y, Bellander BM, Nelson D, Bergquist J, Larsson L. A prospective clinical study on the mechanisms underlying critical illness myopathy-A time-course approach. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:2669-2682. [PMID: 36222215 PMCID: PMC9745499 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical illness myopathy (CIM) is a consequence of modern critical care resulting in general muscle wasting and paralyses of all limb and trunk muscles, resulting in prolonged weaning from the ventilator, intensive care unit (ICU) treatment and rehabilitation. CIM is associated with severe morbidity/mortality and significant negative socioeconomic consequences, which has become increasingly evident during the current COVID-19 pandemic, but underlying mechanisms remain elusive. METHODS Ten neuro-ICU patients exposed to long-term controlled mechanical ventilation were followed with repeated muscle biopsies, electrophysiology and plasma collection three times per week for up to 12 days. Single muscle fibre contractile recordings were conducted on the first and final biopsy, and a multiomics approach was taken to analyse gene and protein expression in muscle and plasma at all collection time points. RESULTS (i) A progressive preferential myosin loss, the hallmark of CIM, was observed in all neuro-ICU patients during the observation period (myosin:actin ratio decreased from 2.0 in the first to 0.9 in the final biopsy, P < 0.001). The myosin loss was coupled to a general transcriptional downregulation of myofibrillar proteins (P < 0.05; absolute fold change >2) and activation of protein degradation pathways (false discovery rate [FDR] <0.1), resulting in significant muscle fibre atrophy and loss in force generation capacity, which declined >65% during the 12 day observation period (muscle fibre cross-sectional area [CSA] and maximum single muscle fibre force normalized to CSA [specific force] declined 30% [P < 0.007] and 50% [P < 0.0001], respectively). (ii) Membrane excitability was not affected as indicated by the maintained compound muscle action potential amplitude upon supramaximal stimulation of upper and lower extremity motor nerves. (iii) Analyses of plasma revealed early activation of inflammatory and proinflammatory pathways (FDR < 0.1), as well as a redistribution of zinc ions from plasma. CONCLUSIONS The mechanical ventilation-induced lung injury with release of cytokines/chemokines and the complete mechanical silencing uniquely observed in immobilized ICU patients affecting skeletal muscle gene/protein expression are forwarded as the dominant factors triggering CIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Cacciani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Skärlén
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ya Wen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alex B Addinsall
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monica Llano-Diez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meishan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Gransberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yvette Hedström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo-Michael Bellander
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Section of Intensive Care, Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care (PMI), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Department of Chemistry-Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,The Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) Collaborative Research Centre at Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,The Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Umehara T, Winstanley YE, Andreas E, Morimoto A, Williams EJ, Smith KM, Carroll J, Febbraio MA, Shimada M, Russell DL, Robker RL. Female reproductive life span is extended by targeted removal of fibrotic collagen from the mouse ovary. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn4564. [PMID: 35714185 PMCID: PMC9205599 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The female ovary contains a finite number of oocytes, and their release at ovulation becomes sporadic and disordered with aging and with obesity, leading to loss of fertility. Understanding the molecular defects underpinning this pathology is essential as age of childbearing and obesity rates increase globally. We identify that fibrosis within the ovarian stromal compartment is an underlying mechanism responsible for impaired oocyte release, which is initiated by mitochondrial dysfunction leading to diminished bioenergetics, oxidative damage, inflammation, and collagen deposition. Furthermore, antifibrosis drugs (pirfenidone and BGP-15) eliminate fibrotic collagen and restore ovulation in reproductively old and obese mice, in association with dampened M2 macrophage polarization and up-regulated MMP13 protease. This is the first evidence that ovarian fibrosis is reversible and indicates that drugs targeting mitochondrial metabolism may be a viable therapeutic strategy for women with metabolic disorders or advancing age to maintain ovarian function and extend fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Umehara
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasmyn E. Winstanley
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Eryk Andreas
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Atsushi Morimoto
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Elisha J. Williams
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kirsten M. Smith
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John Carroll
- Development and Stem Cells Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark A. Febbraio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Masayuki Shimada
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Darryl L. Russell
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rebecca L. Robker
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Development and Stem Cells Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Gugala Z, Cacciani N, Klein GL, Larsson L. Acute and severe trabecular bone loss in a rat model of critical illness myopathy. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:1293-1300. [PMID: 34379332 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged mechanical ventilation for critically ill patients with respiratory distress can result in severe muscle wasting with preferential loss of myosin. Systemic inflammation triggered by lung mechanical injury likely contributes to this myopathy, although the exact mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that muscle wasting following mechanical ventilation is accompanied by bone loss. The objective was to determine the rate, nature, and extent of bone loss in the femora of rats ventilated up to 10 days and to relate the bone changes to muscle deterioration. We have developed a rat model of ventilator-induced muscle wasting and established its feasibility and clinical validity. This model involves pharmacologic paralysis, parenteral nutrition, and continuous mechanical ventilation. We assessed the hindlimb muscle and bone of rats ventilated for 0, 2, 5, 8, and 10 days. Routine histology, microCT, and biomechanical evaluations were performed. Hindlimb muscles developed changes consistent with myopathy, whereas the femurs demonstrated a progressive decline in trabecular bone volume, mineral density, and microarchitecture beginning Day 8 of mechanical ventilation. Biomechanical testing showed a reduction in flexural strength and stiffness on Day 10. The bone changes correlated with the loss of muscle mass and myosin. These results demonstrate that mechanical ventilation leads to progressive trabecular bone loss parallel to muscle deterioration. The results of our study suggest that mechanically ventilated patients may be at risk of compromised bone integrity and muscle weakness, predisposing to post-ventilator falls and fractures, thereby warranting interventions to prevent progressive bone and muscle decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Gugala
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicola Cacciani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gordon L Klein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Li M, Coppo L, Jena BP, Larsson L. The optimized quantum dot mediated thermometry reveals isoform specific differences in efficiency of myosin extracted from muscle mini bundles. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 722:109212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Wen Y, Zhang X, Larsson L. Metabolomic Profiling of Respiratory Muscles and Lung in Response to Long-Term Controlled Mechanical Ventilation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:849973. [PMID: 35392172 PMCID: PMC8981387 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.849973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical illness myopathy (CIM) and ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) are characterized by severe muscle wasting, muscle paresis, and extubation failure with subsequent increased medical costs and mortality/morbidity rates in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. These negative effects in response to modern critical care have received increasing attention, especially during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Based on experimental and clinical studies from our group, it has been hypothesized that the ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and the release of factors systemically play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CIM and VIDD. Our previous experimental/clinical studies have focused on gene/protein expression and the effects on muscle structure and regulation of muscle contraction at the cell and motor protein levels. In the present study, we have extended our interest to alterations at the metabolomic level. An untargeted metabolomics approach was undertaken to study two respiratory muscles (diaphragm and intercostal muscle) and lung tissue in rats exposed to five days controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV). Metabolomic profiles in diaphragm, intercostal muscles and lung tissue were dramatically altered in response to CMV, most metabolites of which belongs to lipids and amino acids. Some metabolites may possess important biofunctions and play essential roles in the metabolic alterations, such as pyruvate, citrate, S-adenosylhomocysteine, alpha-ketoglutarate, glycerol, and cysteine. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis identified pathway signatures of each tissue, such as decreased metabolites of dipeptides in diaphragm, increased metabolites of branch-chain amino acid metabolism and purine metabolism in intercostals, and increased metabolites of fatty acid metabolism in lung tissue. These metabolite alterations may be associated with an accelerated myofibrillar protein degradation in the two respiratory muscles, an active inflammatory response in all tissues, an attenuated energy production in two respiratory muscles, and enhanced energy production in lung. These results will lay the basis for future clinical studies in ICU patients and hopefully the discovery of biomarkers in early diagnosis and monitoring, as well as the identification of future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Lars Larsson,
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16
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Höhfeld J, Benzing T, Bloch W, Fürst DO, Gehlert S, Hesse M, Hoffmann B, Hoppe T, Huesgen PF, Köhn M, Kolanus W, Merkel R, Niessen CM, Pokrzywa W, Rinschen MM, Wachten D, Warscheid B. Maintaining proteostasis under mechanical stress. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52507. [PMID: 34309183 PMCID: PMC8339670 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell survival, tissue integrity and organismal health depend on the ability to maintain functional protein networks even under conditions that threaten protein integrity. Protection against such stress conditions involves the adaptation of folding and degradation machineries, which help to preserve the protein network by facilitating the refolding or disposal of damaged proteins. In multicellular organisms, cells are permanently exposed to stress resulting from mechanical forces. Yet, for long time mechanical stress was not recognized as a primary stressor that perturbs protein structure and threatens proteome integrity. The identification and characterization of protein folding and degradation systems, which handle force-unfolded proteins, marks a turning point in this regard. It has become apparent that mechanical stress protection operates during cell differentiation, adhesion and migration and is essential for maintaining tissues such as skeletal muscle, heart and kidney as well as the immune system. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in our understanding of mechanical stress protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Höhfeld
- Institute for Cell BiologyRheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms University BonnBonnGermany
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC)University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports MedicineGerman Sport UniversityCologneGermany
| | - Dieter O Fürst
- Institute for Cell BiologyRheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms University BonnBonnGermany
| | - Sebastian Gehlert
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports MedicineGerman Sport UniversityCologneGermany
- Department for the Biosciences of SportsInstitute of Sports ScienceUniversity of HildesheimHildesheimGermany
| | - Michael Hesse
- Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain CenterMedical FacultyRheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms UniversityBonnGermany
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, IBI‐2: MechanobiologyForschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for GeneticsCologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD) and CMMCUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Pitter F Huesgen
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA3Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
- CECADUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Maja Köhn
- Institute of Biology IIIFaculty of Biology, and Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSSAlbert‐Ludwigs‐University FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Waldemar Kolanus
- LIMES‐InstituteRheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms University BonnBonnGermany
| | - Rudolf Merkel
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, IBI‐2: MechanobiologyForschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
| | - Carien M Niessen
- Department of Dermatology and CECADUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | | | - Markus M Rinschen
- Department of Biomedicine and Aarhus Institute of Advanced StudiesAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Institute of Innate ImmunityUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Institute of Biology IIFaculty of Biology, and Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSSAlbert‐Ludwigs‐University FreiburgFreiburgGermany
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Chemotherapy-Induced Myopathy: The Dark Side of the Cachexia Sphere. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143615. [PMID: 34298829 PMCID: PMC8304349 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In addition to cancer-related factors, anti-cancer chemotherapy treatment can drive life-threatening body wasting in a syndrome known as cachexia. Emerging evidence has described the impact of several key chemotherapeutic agents on skeletal muscle in particular, and the mechanisms are gradually being unravelled. Despite this evidence, there remains very little research regarding therapeutic strategies to protect muscle during anti-cancer treatment and current global grand challenges focused on deciphering the cachexia conundrum fail to consider this aspect—chemotherapy-induced myopathy remains very much on the dark side of the cachexia sphere. This review explores the impact and mechanisms of, and current investigative strategies to protect against, chemotherapy-induced myopathy to illuminate this serious issue. Abstract Cancer cachexia is a debilitating multi-factorial wasting syndrome characterised by severe skeletal muscle wasting and dysfunction (i.e., myopathy). In the oncology setting, cachexia arises from synergistic insults from both cancer–host interactions and chemotherapy-related toxicity. The majority of studies have surrounded the cancer–host interaction side of cancer cachexia, often overlooking the capability of chemotherapy to induce cachectic myopathy. Accumulating evidence in experimental models of cachexia suggests that some chemotherapeutic agents rapidly induce cachectic myopathy, although the underlying mechanisms responsible vary between agents. Importantly, we highlight the capacity of specific chemotherapeutic agents to induce cachectic myopathy, as not all chemotherapies have been evaluated for cachexia-inducing properties—alone or in clinically compatible regimens. Furthermore, we discuss the experimental evidence surrounding therapeutic strategies that have been evaluated in chemotherapy-induced cachexia models, with particular focus on exercise interventions and adjuvant therapeutic candidates targeted at the mitochondria.
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18
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Expiratory Muscles, Neglected No More. Anesthesiology 2021; 134:680-682. [PMID: 33760018 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000003753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Stanculescu D, Larsson L, Bergquist J. Theory: Treatments for Prolonged ICU Patients May Provide New Therapeutic Avenues for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:672370. [PMID: 34026797 PMCID: PMC8137963 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.672370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We here provide an overview of treatment trials for prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) patients and theorize about their relevance for potential treatment of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Specifically, these treatment trials generally target: (a) the correction of suppressed endocrine axes, notably through a "reactivation" of the pituitary gland's pulsatile secretion of tropic hormones, or (b) the interruption of the "vicious circle" between inflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS), and low thyroid hormone function. There are significant parallels in the treatment trials for prolonged critical illness and ME/CFS; this is consistent with the hypothesis of an overlap in the mechanisms that prevent recovery in both conditions. Early successes in the simultaneous reactivation of pulsatile pituitary secretions in ICU patients-and the resulting positive metabolic effects-could indicate an avenue for treating ME/CFS. The therapeutic effects of thyroid hormones-including in mitigating O&NS and inflammation and in stimulating the adreno-cortical axis-also merit further studies. Collaborative research projects should further investigate the lessons from treatment trials for prolonged critical illness for solving ME/CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Larsson
- Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Department of Chemistry–Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- The Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) Collaborative Research Centre at Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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20
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Lyu Q, Wen Y, Zhang X, Addinsall AB, Cacciani N, Larsson L. Multi-omics reveals age-related differences in the diaphragm response to mechanical ventilation: a pilot study. Skelet Muscle 2021; 11:11. [PMID: 33941271 PMCID: PMC8089133 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-021-00267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Old age is associated with a significantly increased mortality in COVID-19 patients exposed to long-term controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) and suggested to be due to the hyperinflammatory response associated with the viral infection. However, our understanding of age-related differences in the response to CMV in the absence of a viral infection remains insufficient. METHODS Young (7-8 months) and old (28-32 months) F344 BN hybrid rats were exposed to the ICU condition for 5 days, i.e., complete immobilization, mechanical ventilation, and extensive monitoring. Transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) and proteomics (Proximity Extension Assay) analyses of the diaphragm and proteomics analysis of plasma were conducted to investigate the molecular differences between young and old rats exposed to the ICU condition. RESULTS According to multi-omics analyses, significant differences were observed in the diaphragm between young and old rats in response to 5 days CMV and immobilization. In young rats, metabolic pathways were primarily downregulated in response to immobilization (post-synaptic blockade of neuromuscular transmission). In old rats, on the other hand, dramatic immune and inflammatory responses were observed, i.e., an upregulation of specific related pathways such as "IL-17 signaling pathway", along with a higher level of inflammatory factors and cytokine/chemokine in plasma. CONCLUSIONS The dramatically increased mortality in old ICU patients with COVID-19-associated hyperinflammation and cytokine storm need not only reflect the viral infection but may also be associated with the ventilator induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) and hyperinflammatory responses induced by long-term CMV per se. Although mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention in COVID-19 ICU patients, CMV should be cautiously used especially in old age and other means of respiratory support may be considered, such as negative pressure ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Lyu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Wen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alex B Addinsall
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicola Cacciani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclinicum, J8:30, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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21
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Addinsall AB, Cacciani N, Akkad H, Salah H, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Larsson L. JAK/STAT inhibition augments soleus muscle function in a rat model of critical illness myopathy via regulation of complement C3/3R. J Physiol 2021; 599:2869-2886. [PMID: 33745126 DOI: 10.1113/jp281220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Critical illness myopathy (CIM) is a frequently observed negative consequence of modern critical care. Chronic Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription activation impairs muscle size and function and is prominent following mechanical ventilation. We identify pSTAT-3 activation in tibialis anterior of CIM patients, before examining the potential benefits of JAK1/2 inhibition in an experimental model of CIM, where muscle mass and function are impaired. CIM activates complement cascade and increased monocyte infiltration in the soleus muscle, which was ameliorated by JAK1/2 inhibition, leading to reduced muscle degeneration and improved muscle force. Here, we demonstrate that JAK1/2 inhibition augments CIM muscle function through regulation of the complement cascade. ABSTRACT Critical illness myopathy (CIM) is frequently observed in response to modern critical care with negative consequences for patient quality of life, morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activation is observed in limb muscles following controlled mechanical ventilation. Chronic JAK/STAT activation promotes loss of muscle mass and function. Thus, we hypothesized that JAK1/2 inhibition would improve muscle outcomes for CIM. Following 12 days of intensive care unit conditions, pSTAT-3 levels increased in tibialis anterior muscle of CIM patients (P = 0.0489). The potential of JAK1/2 inhibition was assessed in an experimental model of CIM, where soleus muscle size and force are impaired. JAK1/2 inhibition restores soleus force (P < 0.0001). CIM activated muscle complement cascade, which was ameliorated by JAK1/2 inhibition (P < 0.05, respectively). Soleus macrophage number corresponded with complement activity, leading to reduced muscle degeneration and augmented muscle function (P < 0.05). Thus, JAK/STAT inhibition improves soleus function by modulating the complement cascade and muscle monocyte infiltration. Collectively, we demonstrate that JAK/STAT inhibition augments muscle function in CIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex B Addinsall
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicola Cacciani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hazem Akkad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heba Salah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Present address: Department of Basic-Medical Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestinian Territory
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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The Paradoxical Effect of PARP Inhibitor BGP-15 on Irinotecan-Induced Cachexia and Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123810. [PMID: 33348673 PMCID: PMC7766767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Both cancer and the chemotherapy used to treat it are drivers of cachexia, a life-threatening body-wasting condition which complicates cancer treatment. Poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are currently being investigated as a treatment against cancer. Here, we present paradoxical evidence that they might also be useful for mitigating the skeletal muscle specific side-effects of anti-cancer chemotherapy or exacerbate them. BGP-15 is a small molecule PARP inhibitor which protected against irinotecan (IRI)-induced cachexia and loss of skeletal muscle mass and dysfunction in our study. However, peculiarly, BGP-15 adjuvant therapy reduced protein synthesis rates and the expression of key cytoskeletal proteins associated with the dystrophin-associated protein complex and increased matrix metalloproteinase activity, while it increased the propensity for fast-twitch muscles to tear during fatiguing contraction. Our data suggest that both IRI and BGP-15 cause structural remodeling involving proteins associated with the contractile apparatus, cytoskeleton and/or the extracellular matrix which may be only transient and ultimately beneficial or may paradoxically onset a muscular dystrophy phenotype and be detrimental if more permanent. Abstract Chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting and dysfunction is a contributing factor to cachexia alongside cancer and increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. Here, we investigate the effects of the chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan (IRI) on skeletal muscle mass and function and whether BGP-15 (a poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitor and heat shock protein co-inducer) adjuvant therapy could protect against IRI-induced skeletal myopathy. Healthy 6-week-old male Balb/C mice (n = 24; 8/group) were treated with six intraperitoneal injections of either vehicle, IRI (30 mg/kg) or BGP-15 adjuvant therapy (IRI+BGP; 15 mg/kg) over two weeks. IRI reduced lean and tibialis anterior mass, which were attenuated by IRI+BGP treatment. Remarkably, IRI reduced muscle protein synthesis, while IRI+BGP reduced protein synthesis further. These changes occurred in the absence of a change in crude markers of mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) Complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling and protein degradation. Interestingly, the cytoskeletal protein dystrophin was reduced in both IRI- and IRI+BGP-treated mice, while IRI+BGP treatment also decreased β-dystroglycan, suggesting significant remodeling of the cytoskeleton. IRI reduced absolute force production of the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, while IRI+BGP rescued absolute force production of the soleus and strongly trended to rescue force output of the EDL (p = 0.06), which was associated with improvements in mass. During the fatiguing stimulation, IRI+BGP-treated EDL muscles were somewhat susceptible to rupture at the musculotendinous junction, likely due to BGP-15’s capacity to maintain the rate of force development within a weakened environment characterized by significant structural remodeling. Our paradoxical data highlight that BGP-15 has some therapeutic advantage by attenuating IRI-induced skeletal myopathy; however, its effects on the remodeling of the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix, which appear to make fast-twitch muscles more prone to tearing during contraction, could suggest the induction of muscular dystrophy and, thus, require further characterization.
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23
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Neurogenic vs. Myogenic Origin of Acquired Muscle Paralysis in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Patients: Evaluation of Different Diagnostic Methods. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110966. [PMID: 33217953 PMCID: PMC7698781 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. The acquired muscle paralysis associated with modern critical care can be of neurogenic or myogenic origin, yet the distinction between these origins is hampered by the precision of current diagnostic methods. This has resulted in the pooling of all acquired muscle paralyses, independent of their origin, into the term Intensive Care Unit Acquired Muscle Weakness (ICUAW). This is unfortunate since the acquired neuropathy (critical illness polyneuropathy, CIP) has a slower recovery than the myopathy (critical illness myopathy, CIM); therapies need to target underlying mechanisms and every patient deserves as accurate a diagnosis as possible. This study aims at evaluating different diagnostic methods in the diagnosis of CIP and CIM in critically ill, immobilized and mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods. ICU patients with acquired quadriplegia in response to critical care were included in the study. A total of 142 patients were examined with routine electrophysiological methods, together with biochemical analyses of myosin:actin (M:A) ratios of muscle biopsies. In addition, comparisons of evoked electromyographic (EMG) responses in direct vs. indirect muscle stimulation and histopathological analyses of muscle biopsies were performed in a subset of the patients. Results. ICU patients with quadriplegia were stratified into five groups based on the hallmark of CIM, i.e., preferential myosin loss (myosin:actin ratio, M:A) and classified as severe (M:A < 0.5; n = 12), moderate (0.5 ≤ M:A < 1; n = 40), mildly moderate (1 ≤ M:A < 1.5; n = 49), mild (1.5 ≤ M:A < 1.7; n = 24) and normal (1.7 ≤ M:A; n = 19). Identical M:A ratios were obtained in the small (4–15 mg) muscle samples, using a disposable semiautomatic microbiopsy needle instrument, and the larger (>80 mg) samples, obtained with a conchotome instrument. Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) duration was increased and amplitude decreased in patients with preferential myosin loss, but deviations from this relationship were observed in numerous patients, resulting in only weak correlations between CMAP properties and M:A. Advanced electrophysiological methods measuring refractoriness and comparing CMAP amplitude after indirect nerve vs. direct muscle stimulation are time consuming and did not increase precision compared with conventional electrophysiological measurements in the diagnosis of CIM. Low CMAP amplitude upon indirect vs. direct stimulation strongly suggest a neurogenic lesion, i.e., CIP, but this was rarely observed among the patients in this study. Histopathological diagnosis of CIM/CIP based on enzyme histochemical mATPase stainings were hampered by poor quantitative precision of myosin loss and the impact of pathological findings unrelated to acute quadriplegia. Conclusion. Conventional electrophysiological methods are valuable in identifying the peripheral origin of quadriplegia in ICU patients, but do not reliably separate between neurogenic vs. myogenic origins of paralysis. The hallmark of CIM, preferential myosin loss, can be reliably evaluated in the small samples obtained with the microbiopsy instrument. The major advantage of this method is that it is less invasive than conventional muscle biopsies, reducing the risk of bleeding in ICU patients, who are frequently receiving anticoagulant treatment, and it can be repeated multiple times during follow up for monitoring purposes.
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24
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Replicative senescence in MSCWJ-1 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells is marked by characteristic changes in motility, cytoskeletal organization, and RhoA localization. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3867-3883. [PMID: 32372170 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we document changes in cell motility and organization of the contractile apparatus of human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCWJ-1) in the process of replicative senescence. Colocalization dynamics of F-actin and actin-binding proteins (myosin-9, α-actinin-4, RhoA) were examined in the MSCWJ-1 cell line. The results show that nuclear-cytoplasmic redistribution of RhoA occurs during replicative senescence, with maximal RhoA/nucleus colocalization evident at passage 15. At that time point, decreases in colocalization, namely myosin-9/F-actin and α-actinin-4/F-actin, were seen and myosin-9 was found in cytosolic extracts in the assembly-incompetent form. Using an automated intravital confocal cytometry system and quantitative analysis of MSCWJ-1 movements, we found that changes in cytoskeletal organization correlate with cell motility characteristics over a time period from passages 9 to 38. The factors examined (cytoskeleton structure, cell motility) indicate that the process by which cells transition to replicative senescence is best represented as three stages. The first stage lasts from cell culture isolation to passage 15 and is characterized by: accumulation of actin-binding proteins in assembly-incompetent forms; nuclear RhoA accumulation; and an increase in movement tortuosity. The second stage extends from passages 15 to 28 and is characterized by: an increase in the structural integrity of the actin cytoskeleton; exit of RhoA and alpha-actinin-4 from the nucleus; and a decrease in path tortuosity. The third stage extends from passage 28 to 38 and is marked by: a plateau in actin cytoskeleton structural integrity; significant decreases in nuclear RhoA levels; and decreases in cell speed.
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25
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Cacciani N, Salah H, Li M, Akkad H, Backeus A, Hedstrom Y, Jena BP, Bergquist J, Larsson L. Chaperone co-inducer BGP-15 mitigates early contractile dysfunction of the soleus muscle in a rat ICU model. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 229:e13425. [PMID: 31799784 PMCID: PMC7187345 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aim Critical illness myopathy (CIM) represents a common consequence of modern intensive care, negatively impacting patient health and significantly increasing health care costs; however, there is no treatment available apart from symptomatic and supportive interventions. The chaperone co‐inducer BGP‐15 has previously been shown to have a positive effect on the diaphragm in rats exposed to the intensive care unit (ICU) condition. In this study, we aim to explore the effects of BGP‐15 on a limb muscle (soleus muscle) in response to the ICU condition. Methods Sprague‐Dawley rats were subjected to the ICU condition for 5, 8 and 10 days and compared with untreated sham‐operated controls. Results BGP‐15 significantly improved soleus muscle fibre force after 5 days exposure to the ICU condition. This improvement was associated with the protection of myosin from post‐translational myosin modifications, improved mitochondrial structure/biogenesis and reduced the expression of MuRF1 and Fbxo31 E3 ligases. At longer durations (8 and 10 days), BGP‐15 had no protective effect when the hallmark of CIM had become manifest, that is, preferential loss of myosin. Unrelated to the effects on skeletal muscle, BGP‐15 had a strong positive effect on survival compared with untreated animals. Conclusions BGP‐15 treatment improved soleus muscle fibre and motor protein function after 5 days exposure to the ICU condition, but not at longer durations (8 and 10 days) when the preferential loss of myosin was manifest. Thus, long‐term CIM interventions targeting limb muscle fibre/myosin force generation capacity need to consider both the post‐translational modifications and the loss of myosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Cacciani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Heba Salah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Meishan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hazem Akkad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anders Backeus
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Yvette Hedstrom
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Bhanu P. Jena
- Department of Physiology Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit MI USA
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Analytical Chemistry Department of Chemistry–Biomedical Centre Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Clinical Neurophysiology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Biobehavioral Health The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA
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26
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Yamada T. BGP-15: A potential therapeutic agent for critical illness myopathy. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 229:e13441. [PMID: 31925993 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamada
- School of Health Sciences Sapporo Medical University Sapporo Japan
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27
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Nayak A, Amrute-Nayak M. SUMO system - a key regulator in sarcomere organization. FEBS J 2020; 287:2176-2190. [PMID: 32096922 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles constitute roughly 40% of human body mass. Muscles are specialized tissues that generate force to drive movements through ATP-driven cyclic interactions between the protein filaments, namely actin and myosin filaments. The filaments are organized in an intricate structure called the 'sarcomere', which is a fundamental contractile unit of striated skeletal and cardiac muscle, hosting a fine assembly of macromolecular protein complexes. The micrometer-sized sarcomere units are arranged in a reiterated array within myofibrils of muscle cells. The precise spatial organization of sarcomere is tightly controlled by several molecular mechanisms, indispensable for its force-generating function. Disorganized sarcomeres, either due to erroneous molecular signaling or due to mutations in the sarcomeric proteins, lead to human diseases such as cardiomyopathies and muscle atrophic conditions prevalent in cachexia. Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) of the sarcomeric proteins serve a critical role in sarcomere formation (sarcomerogenesis), as well as in the steady-state maintenance of sarcomeres. PTMs such as phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation provide cells with a swift and reversible means to adapt to an altered molecular and therefore cellular environment. Over the past years, SUMOylation has emerged as a crucial modification with implications for different aspects of cell function, including organizing higher-order protein assemblies. In this review, we highlight the fundamentals of the small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMO) pathway and its link specifically to the mechanisms of sarcomere assembly. Furthermore, we discuss recent studies connecting the SUMO pathway-modulated protein homeostasis with sarcomere organization and muscle-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Nayak
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mamta Amrute-Nayak
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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28
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Pharmacological Overview of the BGP-15 Chemical Agent as a New Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Symptoms of Metabolic Syndrome. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020429. [PMID: 31968693 PMCID: PMC7024383 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BGP-15 is a new insulin sensitizer drug candidate, which was developed by Hungarian researchers. In recent years, numerous research groups have studied its beneficial effects. It is effective in the treatment of insulin resistance and it has protective effects in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, diastolic dysfunction, tachycardia, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation, and it can alleviate cardiotoxicity. BGP-15 exhibits chemoprotective properties in different cytostatic therapies, and has also proven to be photoprotective. It can additionally have advantageous effects in mitochondrial-stress-related diseases. Although the precise mechanism of the effect is still unknown to us, we know that the molecule is a PARP inhibitor, chaperone co-inducer, reduces ROS production, and is able to remodel the organization of cholesterol-rich membrane domains. In the following review, our aim was to summarize the investigated molecular mechanisms and pharmacological effects of this potential API. The main objective was to present the wide pharmacological potentials of this chemical agent.
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29
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Namuduri AV, Heras G, Lauschke VM, Vitadello M, Traini L, Cacciani N, Gorza L, Gastaldello S. Expression of SUMO enzymes is fiber type dependent in skeletal muscles and is dysregulated in muscle disuse. FASEB J 2019; 34:2269-2286. [PMID: 31908008 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901913r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SUMOylation is a dynamic, reversible, enzymatic drug-targetable post-translational modification (PTM) reaction where the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) moieties are attached to proteins. This reaction regulates various biological functions like cell growth, differentiation, and it is crucial for maintaining organ homeostasis. However, the actions of SUMO in skeletal muscle pathophysiology are still not investigated. In this study, we quantified the abundance of the SUMO enzymes and determined the distribution of SUMOylated proteins along the fibers of nine different muscles. We find that skeletal muscles contain a distinctive group of SUMO enzymes and SUMOylated proteins in relation to their different metabolism, functions, and fiber type composition. In addition, before the activation of protein degradation pathways, this unique set is quickly altered in response to muscle sedentariness. Finally, we demonstrated that PAX6 acts as an upstream regulator of the SUMO conjugation reaction, which can become a potential therapeutic marker to prevent muscle diseases generated by inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Heras
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Leonardo Traini
- Helmholtz-University Group "Cell Plasticity and Epigenetic Remodeling", German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicola Cacciani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luisa Gorza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Gastaldello
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Precision Medicine Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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30
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Bergquist J. Leveraging the power of mass spectrometry to unravel complex brain pathologies. CLINICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY (DEL MAR, CALIF.) 2019; 14 Pt B:63-65. [PMID: 34977358 PMCID: PMC8686759 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinms.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bergquist
- Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 599, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
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31
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Batt J, Herridge MS, Dos Santos CC. From skeletal muscle weakness to functional outcomes following critical illness: a translational biology perspective. Thorax 2019; 74:1091-1098. [PMID: 31431489 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-208312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW) is now a well-known entity complicating critical illness. It increases mortality and in the critical illness survivor it is associated with physical disability, substantially increased health resource utilisation and healthcare costs. Skeletal muscle wasting is a key driver of ICUAW and physical functional outcomes in both the short and long term. To date, there is no intervention that can universally and consistently prevent muscle loss during critical illness, or enhance its recovery following intensive care unit discharge, to improve physical function. Clinical trials of early mobilisation or exercise training, or enhanced nutritional support have generated inconsistent results and we have no effective pharmacological interventions. This review will delineate our current understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the development and persistence of skeletal muscle loss and dysfunction in the critically ill individual, highlighting recent discoveries and clinical observations, and utilisation of this knowledge in the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Batt
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret S Herridge
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Dos Santos CC, Reynolds S, Batt J. Searching for the "Spark" in Ventilator-induced Diaphragm Dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 196:1498-1500. [PMID: 28954198 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201708-1716ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia C Dos Santos
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science St. Michael's Hospital Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Institute of Medical Science.,3 Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Reynolds
- 4 Critical Care Department Fraser Health Authority New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada and.,5 Department of Biophysiology and Kinesiology Simon Fraser University Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jane Batt
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science St. Michael's Hospital Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Institute of Medical Science.,3 Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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van der Pijl RJ, Granzier HL, Ottenheijm CAC. Diaphragm contractile weakness due to reduced mechanical loading: role of titin. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C167-C176. [PMID: 31042425 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00509.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The diaphragm, the main muscle of inspiration, is constantly subjected to mechanical loading. Only during controlled mechanical ventilation, as occurs during thoracic surgery and in the intensive care unit, is mechanical loading of the diaphragm arrested. Animal studies indicate that the diaphragm is highly sensitive to unloading, causing rapid muscle fiber atrophy and contractile weakness; unloading-induced diaphragm atrophy and contractile weakness have been suggested to contribute to the difficulties in weaning patients from ventilator support. The molecular triggers that initiate the rapid unloading atrophy of the diaphragm are not well understood, although proteolytic pathways and oxidative signaling have been shown to be involved. Mechanical stress is known to play an important role in the maintenance of muscle mass. Within the muscle's sarcomere, titin is considered to play an important role in the stress-response machinery. Titin is a giant protein that acts as a mechanosensor regulating muscle protein expression in a sarcomere strain-dependent fashion. Thus titin is an attractive candidate for sensing the sudden mechanical arrest of the diaphragm when patients are mechanically ventilated, leading to changes in muscle protein expression. Here, we provide a novel perspective on how titin and its biomechanical sensing and signaling might be involved in the development of mechanical unloading-induced diaphragm weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbert J van der Pijl
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk L Granzier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Coen A C Ottenheijm
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Liang F, Emeriaud G, Rassier DE, Shang D, Gusev E, Hussain SNA, Sage M, Crulli B, Fortin-Pellerin E, Praud JP, Petrof BJ. Mechanical ventilation causes diaphragm dysfunction in newborn lambs. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2019; 23:123. [PMID: 30992039 PMCID: PMC6469194 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-019-2409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Diaphragm weakness occurs rapidly in adult animals treated with mechanical ventilation (MV), but the effects of MV on the neonatal diaphragm have not been determined. Furthermore, it is unknown whether co-existent lung disease exacerbates ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD). We investigated the impact of MV (mean duration = 7.65 h), either with or without co-existent respiratory failure caused by surfactant deficiency, on the development of VIDD in newborn lambs. Methods Newborn lambs (1–4 days) were assigned to control (CTL, non-ventilated), mechanically ventilated (MV), and MV + experimentally induced surfactant deficiency (MV+SD) groups. Immunoblotting and quantitative PCR assessed inflammatory signaling, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, and oxidative stress. Immunostaining for myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms and quantitative morphometry evaluated diaphragm atrophy. Contractile function of the diaphragm was determined in isolated myofibrils ex vivo. Results Equal decreases (25–30%) in myofibrillar force generation were found in MV and MV+SD diaphragms compared to CTL. In comparison to CTL, both MV and MV+SD diaphragms also demonstrated increased STAT3 transcription factor phosphorylation. Ubiquitin-proteasome system (Atrogin1 and MuRF1) transcripts and autophagy indices (Gabarapl1 transcripts and the ratio of LC3B-II/LC3B-I protein) were greater in MV+SD relative to MV alone, but fiber type atrophy was not observed in any group. Protein carbonylation and 4-hydroxynonenal levels (indices of oxidative stress) also did not differ among groups. Conclusions In newborn lambs undergoing controlled MV, there is a rapid onset of diaphragm dysfunction consistent with VIDD. Superimposed lung injury caused by surfactant deficiency did not influence the severity of early diaphragm weakness. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13054-019-2409-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liang
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Guillaume Emeriaud
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dilson E Rassier
- Department of Kinesiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dong Shang
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Gusev
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Sabah N A Hussain
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Michael Sage
- Neonatal Respiratory Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin Crulli
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Etienne Fortin-Pellerin
- Neonatal Respiratory Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Praud
- Neonatal Respiratory Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Basil J Petrof
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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Tang H, Shrager JB. The Signaling Network Resulting in Ventilator-induced Diaphragm Dysfunction. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 59:417-427. [PMID: 29768017 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0022tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life-saving measure for those incapable of adequately ventilating or oxygenating without assistance. Unfortunately, even brief periods of MV result in diaphragm weakness (i.e., ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction [VIDD]) that may render it difficult to wean the ventilator. Prolonged MV is associated with cascading complications and is a strong risk factor for death. Thus, prevention of VIDD may have a dramatic impact on mortality rates. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the pathogenic events underlying VIDD. Numerous alterations have been proven important in both human and animal MV diaphragm. These include protein degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system, autophagy, apoptosis, and calpain activity-all causing diaphragm muscle fiber atrophy, altered energy supply via compromised oxidative phosphorylation and upregulation of glycolysis, and also mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Mitochondrial oxidative stress in fact appears to be a central factor in each of these events. Recent studies by our group and others indicate that mitochondrial function is modulated by several signaling molecules, including Smad3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and FoxO. MV rapidly activates Smad3 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, which upregulate mitochondrial oxidative stress. Additional roles may be played by angiotensin II and leaky ryanodine receptors causing elevated calcium levels. We present, here, a hypothetical scaffold for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of VIDD, which links together these elements. These pathways harbor several drug targets that could soon move toward testing in clinical trials. We hope that this review will shape a short list of the most promising candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Tang
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford, California; and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Joseph B Shrager
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford, California; and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
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Bombicz M, Priksz D, Gesztelyi R, Kiss R, Hollos N, Varga B, Nemeth J, Toth A, Papp Z, Szilvassy Z, Juhasz B. The Drug Candidate BGP-15 Delays the Onset of Diastolic Dysfunction in the Goto-Kakizaki Rat Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030586. [PMID: 30736394 PMCID: PMC6384948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an emerging problem worldwide due to an increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Animal studies have indicated that metformin and pioglitazone can prevent DCM partly by normalizing insulin resistance, and partly by other, pleiotropic mechanisms. One clinical study has evidenced the insulin-senzitizing effect of the drug candidate BGP-15, along with additional animal studies that have confirmed its beneficial effects in models of diabetes, muscular dystrophy and heart failure, with the drug affecting chaperones, contractile proteins and mitochondria. Our aim was to investigate whether the inzulin-senzitizer BGP-15 exert any additive cardiovascular effects compared to metformin or pioglitazone, using Goto-Kakizaki (GotoK) rats. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups: (I) healthy control (Wistar), (II) diseased (GotoK), and GotoK rats treated with: (III) BGP-15, (IV) metformin, and (V) pioglitazone, respectively, for 12 weeks. Metabolic parameters and insulin levels were determined at the endpoint. Doppler echocardiography was carried out to estimate diabetes-associated cardiac dysfunction. Thoracotomy was performed after the vascular status of rats was evaluated using an isolated aortic ring method. Furthermore, western blot assays were carried out to determine expression or phosphorylation levels of selected proteins that take part in myocyte relaxation. Results: BGP-15 restored diastolic parameters (e′/a′, E/e′, LAP, E and A wave) and improved Tei-index compared to untreated GotoK rats. Vascular status was unaffected by BGP-15. Expression of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) and phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) were unchanged by the treatments, but the phosphorylation level of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and phospholamban (PLB) increased in BGP-15-treated rats, in comparison to GotoK. Conclusions: Even though the BGP-15-treatment did not interfere significantly with glucose homeostasis and vascular status, it considerably enhanced diastolic function, by affecting the SERCA/phospholamban pathway in GotoK rats. Although it requires further investigation, BGP-15 may offer a new therapeutic approach in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariann Bombicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Daniel Priksz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Rita Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Nora Hollos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Balazs Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Jozsef Nemeth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Attila Toth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Zoltan Szilvassy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Bela Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Akkad H, Cacciani N, Llano-Diez M, Corpeno Kalamgi R, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Larsson L. Vamorolone treatment improves skeletal muscle outcome in a critical illness myopathy rat model. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 225:e13172. [PMID: 30120816 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Critical illness myopathy (CIM) is a consequence of modern critical care, leading to skeletal muscle atrophy/paralysis with negative consequences for mortality/morbidity and health care costs. Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been proposed to trigger CIM. Here, we compare outcomes of two GCs, the commonly used prednisolone and the newly developed dissociative vamorolone in response to the intensive care unit (ICU) condition for 5 days, ie, sedation, immobilization, and mechanical ventilation. METHODS Rats were divided into a 0-day sham-operated control group, and three groups exposed to 5 days ICU condition during treatment with prednisolone (PRED) or vamorolone (VAM) or none of these GCs (ICU-group). Survival, body and muscle weights, cytokine concentrations, regulation of muscle contraction in single fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibres, myofibrillar protein expression and protein degradation pathways were studied. RESULTS Critical illness myopathy geno- and pheno-types were confirmed in the ICU group. However, VAM and PRED groups showed reduced atrophy/weakness than the ICU group, and muscle specific differences with more severe negative effects on fast-twitch muscle fibres in the PRED than the other groups. CONCLUSION These results show that vamorolone provides a GC intervention superior to typical GCs in improving CIM outcomes. Further, the findings do not support the notion that moderate-dose GC treatment represents a factor triggering CIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Akkad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Nicola Cacciani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Monica Llano-Diez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Clinical Neurophysiology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Biobehavioral Health; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania
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Weihl CC, Udd B, Hanna M. 234th ENMC International Workshop: Chaperone dysfunction in muscle disease Naarden, The Netherlands, 8-10 December 2017. Neuromuscul Disord 2018; 28:1022-1030. [PMID: 30424919 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Conrad C Weihl
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8111, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Tampere Neuromuscular Center and Folkhalsan Genetic Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Hanna
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
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Diaphragm Weakness in the Critically Ill: Basic Mechanisms Reveal Therapeutic Opportunities. Chest 2018; 154:1395-1403. [PMID: 30144420 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.08.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The diaphragm is the primary muscle of inspiration. Its capacity to respond to the load imposed by pulmonary disease is a major determining factor both in the onset of ventilatory failure and in the ability to successfully separate patients from ventilator support. It has recently been established that a very large proportion of critically ill patients exhibit major weakness of the diaphragm, which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The two greatest risk factors for the development of diaphragm weakness in critical illness are the use of mechanical ventilation and the presence of sepsis. Loss of force production by the diaphragm under these conditions is caused by a combination of defective contractility and reduced diaphragm muscle mass. Importantly, many of the same molecular mechanisms are implicated in the diaphragm dysfunction associated with both mechanical ventilation and sepsis. This review outlines the primary cellular mechanisms identified thus far at the nexus of diaphragm dysfunction associated with mechanical ventilation and/or sepsis, and explores the potential for treatment or prevention of diaphragm weakness in critically ill patients through therapeutic manipulation of these final common pathway targets.
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40
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Wang F, Yuan RY, Li L, Meng TG, Fan LH, Jing Y, Zhang RR, Li YY, Liang QX, Dong F, Hou Y, Schatten H, Sun QY, Ou XH. Mitochondrial regulation of [Ca 2+]i oscillations during cell cycle resumption of the second meiosis of oocyte. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1471-1486. [PMID: 29965788 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1489179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte is arrested at metaphase of the second meiosis until fertilization switching on [Ca2+]i oscillations. Oocyte activation inefficiency is the most challenging problem for failed fertilization and embryonic development. Mitochondrial function and intracellular [Ca2+]i oscillations are two critical factors for the oocyte's developmental potential. We aimed to understand the possible correlation between mitochondrial function and [Ca2+]i oscillations in oocytes. To this end, mitochondrial uncoupler CCCP which damages mitochondrial function and two small molecule mitochondrial agonists, L-carnitine (LC) and BGP-15, were used to examine the regulation of [Ca2+]i by mitochondrial functions. With increasing CCCP concentrations, [Ca2+]i oscillations were gradually diminished and high concentrations of CCCP led to oocyte death. LC enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and [Ca2+]i oscillations and even improved the damage induced by CCCP, however, BGP-15 had no beneficial effect on oocyte activation. We have found that mitochondrial function plays a vital role in the generation of [Ca2+]i oscillations in oocytes, and thus mitochondria may interact with the ER to generate [Ca2+]i oscillations during oocyte activation. Improvement of mitochondrial functions with small molecules can be expected to improve oocyte activation and embryonic development in infertile patients without invasive micromanipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- a Fertility Preservation Lab , Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital , Guangzhou , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Rui-Ying Yuan
- a Fertility Preservation Lab , Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Li Li
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Tie-Gang Meng
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Li-Hua Fan
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Ying Jing
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Ren-Ren Zhang
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yuna-Yuan Li
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Qiu-Xia Liang
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Feng Dong
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yi Hou
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Heide Schatten
- c Department of Veterinary Pathobiology , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- b State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology , Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China.,d University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Xiang-Hong Ou
- a Fertility Preservation Lab , Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital , Guangzhou , China
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41
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BGP-15 improves contractile function of regenerating soleus muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2018; 39:25-34. [PMID: 29948663 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-018-9495-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the heat shock protein inducer O-[3-piperidino-2-hydroxy-1-propyl]-nicotinic amidoxime (BGP-15) on the morphology and contractile function of regenerating soleus muscles from mice. Cryolesioned soleus muscles from young mice treated daily with BGP-15 (15 mg/Kg) were evaluated on post-cryolesion day 10. At this time point, there was a significant decrease in the cross-sectional area of regenerating myofibers, maximal force, specific tetanic force, and fatigue resistance of regenerating soleus muscles. BGP-15 did not reverse the decrease in myofiber cross-sectional area but effectively prevented the reduction in tetanic force and fatigue resistance of regenerating muscles. In addition, BGP-15 treatment increased the expression of embryonic myosin heavy chain (e-MyHC), MyHC-II and MyHC-I in regenerating muscles. Although BGP-15 did not alter voltage dependent anion-selective channel 2 (VDAC2) expression in cryolesioned muscles, it was able to increase inducible 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) expression. Our results suggest that BGP-15 improves strength recovery in regenerating soleus muscles by accelerating the re-expression of adult MyHC-II and MyHC-I isoforms and HSP70 induction. The beneficial effects of BGP-15 on the contractile function of regenerating muscles reinforce the potential of this molecule to be used as a therapeutic agent.
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Salah H, Fury W, Gromada J, Bai Y, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Larsson L. Muscle-specific differences in expression and phosphorylation of the Janus kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 following long-term mechanical ventilation and immobilization in rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 29032602 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Muscle wasting is one of the factors most strongly predicting mortality and morbidity in critically ill intensive care unit (ICU). This muscle wasting affects both limb and respiratory muscles, but the understanding of underlying mechanisms and muscle-specific differences remains incomplete. This study aimed at investigating the temporal expression and phosphorylation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway in muscle wasting associated with the ICU condition to characterize the JAK/STAT proteins and the related changes leading or responding to their activation during exposure to the ICU condition. METHODS A novel experimental ICU model allowing long-term exposure to the ICU condition, immobilization and mechanical ventilation, was used in this study. Rats were pharmacologically paralysed by post-synaptic neuromuscular blockade and mechanically ventilated for durations varying between 6 hours and 14 days to study muscle-specific differences in the temporal activation of the JAK/STAT pathway in plantaris, intercostal and diaphragm muscles. RESULTS The JAK2/STAT3 pathway was significantly activated irrespective of muscle, but muscle-specific differences were observed in the temporal activation pattern between plantaris, intercostal and diaphragm muscles. CONCLUSION The JAK2/STAT3 pathway was differentially activated in plantaris, intercostal and diaphragm muscles in response to the ICU condition. Thus, JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors may provide an attractive pharmacological intervention strategy in immobilized ICU patients, but further experimental studies are required in the study of muscle-specific effects on muscle mass and function in response to both short- and long-term exposure to the ICU condition prior to the translation into clinical research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Salah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience; Clinical Neurophysiology; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - W. Fury
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; Tarrytown NY USA
| | - J. Gromada
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; Tarrytown NY USA
| | - Y. Bai
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; Tarrytown NY USA
| | - T. Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Rochester MN USA
| | - J. L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Rochester MN USA
| | - L. Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Clinical Neurophysiology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Biobehavioral Health; The Pennsylvania State University; State College PA USA
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Carraro U. Exciting perspectives for Translational Myology in the Abstracts of the 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays: Giovanni Salviati Memorial - Chapter III - Abstracts of March 16, 2018. Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7365. [PMID: 30057727 PMCID: PMC6047881 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myologists working in Padua (Italy) were able to continue a half-century tradition of studies of skeletal muscles, that started with a research on fever, specifically if and how skeletal muscle contribute to it by burning bacterial toxin. Beside main publications in high-impact-factor journals by Padua myologists, I hope to convince readers (and myself) of the relevance of the editing Basic and Applied Myology (BAM), retitled from 2010 European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM), of the institution of the Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova (CIR-Myo), and of a long series of International Conferences organized in Euganei Hills and Padova, that is, the PaduaMuscleDays. The 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays (2018SpPMD), were held in Euganei Hills and Padua (Italy), in March 14-17, and were dedicated to Giovanni Salviati. The main event of the “Giovanni Salviati Memorial”, was held in the Aula Guariento, Accademia Galileiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti of Padua to honor a beloved friend and excellent scientist 20 years after his premature passing. Using the words of Prof. Nicola Rizzuto, we all share his believe that Giovanni “will be remembered not only for his talent and originality as a biochemist, but also for his unassuming and humanistic personality, a rare quality in highly successful people like Giovanni. The best way to remember such a person is to gather pupils and colleagues, who shared with him the same scientific interests and ask them to discuss recent advances in their own fields, just as Giovanni have liked to do”. Since Giovanni’s friends sent many abstracts still influenced by their previous collaboration with him, all the Sessions of the 2018SpPMD reflect both to the research aims of Giovanni Salviati and the traditional topics of the PaduaMuscleDays, that is, basics and applications of physical, molecular and cellular strategies to maintain or recover functions of skeletal muscles. The translational researches summarized in the 2018SpPMD Abstracts are at the appropriate high level to attract approval of Ethical Committees, the interest of International Granting Agencies and approval for publication in top quality, international journals. The abstracts of the March 16, 2018 Padua Muscle Day are listed in this chapter III. All 2018SpPMD Abstracts are indexed at the end of the Chapter IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Laboratory of Translational Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova.,A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova.,IRCCS Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo, Venezia-Lido, Italy
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Friedrich O, Diermeier S, Larsson L. Weak by the machines: muscle motor protein dysfunction - a side effect of intensive care unit treatment. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28387014 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Intensive care interventions involve periods of mechanical ventilation, sedation and complete mechanical silencing of patients. Critical illness myopathy (CIM) is an ICU-acquired myopathy that is associated with limb muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, electrical silencing of muscle and motor proteinopathy. The hallmark of CIM is a preferential muscle myosin loss due to increased catabolic and reduced anabolic activity. The ubiquitin proteasome pathway plays an important role, apart from recently identified novel mechanisms affecting non-lysosomal protein degradation or autophagy. CIM is not reproduced by pure disuse atrophy, denervation atrophy, steroid-induced atrophy or septic myopathy, although combinations of high-dose steroids and denervation can mimic CIM. New animal models of critical illness and ICU treatment (i.e. mechanical ventilation and complete immobilization) provide novel insights regarding the time course of protein synthesis and degradation alterations, and the role of protective chaperone activities in the process of myosin loss. Altered mechano-signalling seems involved in triggering a major part of myosin loss in experimental CIM models, and passive loading of muscle potently ameliorates the CIM phenotype. We provide a systematic overview of similarities and distinct differences in the signalling pathways involved in triggering muscle atrophy in CIM and isolated trigger factors. As preferential myosin loss is mostly determined from biochemistry analyses providing no spatial resolution of myosin loss processes within myofibres, we also provide first results monitoring myosin signal intensities during experimental ICU intervention using multi-photon Second Harmonic Generation microscopy. Our results confirm that myosin loss is an evenly distributed process within myofibres rather than being confined to hot spots.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg; Erlangen Germany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologie (SAOT); Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg; Erlangen Germany
| | - S. Diermeier
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg; Erlangen Germany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologie (SAOT); Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg; Erlangen Germany
| | - L. Larsson
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Section of Clinical Neurophysiology; Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Biobehavioral Health; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park PA USA
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Budzyński MA, Crul T, Himanen SV, Toth N, Otvos F, Sistonen L, Vigh L. Chaperone co-inducer BGP-15 inhibits histone deacetylases and enhances the heat shock response through increased chromatin accessibility. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:717-728. [PMID: 28474205 PMCID: PMC5573690 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in cellular protein homeostasis are associated with many severe and prevalent pathological conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, muscle dystrophies, and metabolic disorders. One way to counteract these defects is to improve the protein homeostasis capacity through induction of the heat shock response. Despite numerous attempts to develop strategies for chemical activation of the heat shock response by heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), the underlying mechanisms of drug candidates' mode of action are poorly understood. To lower the threshold for the heat shock response activation, we used the chaperone co-inducer BGP-15 that was previously shown to have beneficial effects on several proteinopathic disease models. We found that BGP-15 treatment combined with heat stress caused a substantial increase in HSF1-dependent heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A/B) expression already at a febrile range of temperatures. Moreover, BGP-15 alone inhibited the activity of histone deacetylases (HDACs), thereby increasing chromatin accessibility at multiple genomic loci including the stress-inducible HSPA1A. Intriguingly, treatment with well-known potent HDAC inhibitors trichostatin A and valproic acid enhanced the heat shock response and improved cytoprotection. These results present a new pharmacological strategy for restoring protein homeostasis by inhibiting HDACs, increasing chromatin accessibility, and lowering the threshold for heat shock response activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek A Budzyński
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Tim Crul
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Samu V Himanen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Noemi Toth
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Otvos
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Lea Sistonen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Laszlo Vigh
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
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Ohlen SB, Russell ML, Brownstein MJ, Lefcort F. BGP-15 prevents the death of neurons in a mouse model of familial dysautonomia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:5035-5040. [PMID: 28439028 PMCID: PMC5441694 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620212114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III, or familial dysautonomia [FD; Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 223900], affects the development and long-term viability of neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and retina. FD is caused by a point mutation in the gene IKBKAP/ELP1 that results in a tissue-specific reduction of the IKAP/ELP1 protein, a subunit of the Elongator complex. Hallmarks of the disease include vasomotor and cardiovascular instability and diminished pain and temperature sensation caused by reductions in sensory and autonomic neurons. It has been suggested but not demonstrated that mitochondrial function may be abnormal in FD. We previously generated an Ikbkap/Elp1 conditional-knockout mouse model that recapitulates the selective death of sensory (dorsal root ganglia) and autonomic neurons observed in FD. We now show that in these mice neuronal mitochondria have abnormal membrane potentials, produce elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, are fragmented, and do not aggregate normally at axonal branch points. The small hydroxylamine compound BGP-15 improved mitochondrial function, protecting neurons from dying in vitro and in vivo, and promoted cardiac innervation in vivo. Given that impairment of mitochondrial function is a common pathological component of neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, our findings identify a therapeutic approach that may have efficacy in multiple degenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Ohlen
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | - Magdalena L Russell
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | | | - Frances Lefcort
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717;
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Sorensen JC, Petersen AC, Timpani CA, Campelj DG, Cook J, Trewin AJ, Stojanovska V, Stewart M, Hayes A, Rybalka E. BGP-15 Protects against Oxaliplatin-Induced Skeletal Myopathy and Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:137. [PMID: 28443020 PMCID: PMC5385327 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a leading intervention against cancer. Albeit highly effective, chemotherapy has a multitude of deleterious side-effects including skeletal muscle wasting and fatigue, which considerably reduces patient quality of life and survivability. As such, a defense against chemotherapy-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction is required. Here we investigate the effects of oxaliplatin (OXA) treatment in mice on the skeletal muscle and mitochondria, and the capacity for the Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, BGP-15, to ameliorate any pathological side-effects induced by OXA. To do so, we investigated the effects of 2 weeks of OXA (3 mg/kg) treatment with and without BGP-15 (15 mg/kg). OXA induced a 15% (p < 0.05) reduction in lean tissue mass without significant changes in food consumption or energy expenditure. OXA treatment also altered the muscle architecture, increasing collagen deposition, neutral lipid and Ca2+ accumulation; all of which were ameliorated with BGP-15 adjunct therapy. Here, we are the first to show that OXA penetrates the mitochondria, and, as a possible consequence of this, increases mtROS production. These data correspond with reduced diameter of isolated FDB fibers and shift in the fiber size distribution frequency of TA to the left. There was a tendency for reduction in intramuscular protein content, albeit apparently not via Murf1 (atrophy)- or p62 (autophagy)- dependent pathways. BGP-15 adjunct therapy protected against increased ROS production and improved mitochondrial viability 4-fold and preserved fiber diameter and number. Our study highlights BGP-15 as a potential adjunct therapy to address chemotherapy-induced skeletal muscle and mitochondrial pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Sorensen
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal ScienceMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Aaron C Petersen
- Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cara A Timpani
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal ScienceMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dean G Campelj
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal ScienceMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jordan Cook
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam J Trewin
- Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vanesa Stojanovska
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mathew Stewart
- Institute of Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alan Hayes
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal ScienceMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma Rybalka
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal ScienceMelbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living, Victoria UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
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Namuduri AV, Heras G, Mi J, Cacciani N, Hörnaeus K, Konzer A, Lind SB, Larsson L, Gastaldello S. A Proteomic Approach to Identify Alterations in the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) Network during Controlled Mechanical Ventilation in Rat Diaphragm Muscle. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1081-1097. [PMID: 28373296 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.066159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is as a regulator of many cellular functions by reversible conjugation to a broad number of substrates. Under endogenous or exogenous perturbations, the SUMO network becomes a fine sensor of stress conditions by alterations in the expression level of SUMO enzymes and consequently changing the status of SUMOylated proteins. The diaphragm is the major inspiratory muscle, which is continuously active under physiological conditions, but its structure and function is severely affected when passively displaced for long extents during mechanical ventilation (MV). An iatrogenic condition called Ventilator-Induced Diaphragm Dysfunction (VIDD) is a major cause of failure to wean patients from ventilator support but the molecular mechanisms underlying this dysfunction are not fully understood. Using a unique experimental Intensive Care Unit (ICU) rat model allowing long-term MV, diaphragm muscles were collected in rats control and exposed to controlled MV (CMV) for durations varying between 1 and 10 days. Endogenous SUMOylated diaphragm proteins were identified by mass spectrometry and validated with in vitro SUMOylation systems. Contractile, calcium regulator and mitochondrial proteins were of specific interest due to their putative involvement in VIDD. Differences were observed in the abundance of SUMOylated proteins between glycolytic and oxidative muscle fibers in control animals and high levels of SUMOylated proteins were present in all fibers during CMV. Finally, previously reported VIDD biomarkers and therapeutic targets were also identified in our datasets which may play an important role in response to muscle weakness seen in ICU patients. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006085. Username: reviewer26663@ebi.ac.uk, Password: rwcP5W0o.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Venkat Namuduri
- From the ‡Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Gabriel Heras
- From the ‡Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Jia Mi
- §Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Science for Lab Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, SE-75124, Sweden.,¶Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, No. 346, Guanhai Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264003 China
| | - Nicola Cacciani
- From the ‡Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Katarina Hörnaeus
- §Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Science for Lab Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, SE-75124, Sweden
| | - Anne Konzer
- §Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Science for Lab Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, SE-75124, Sweden
| | - Sara Bergström Lind
- §Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Science for Lab Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, SE-75124, Sweden
| | - Lars Larsson
- From the ‡Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden.,‖Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801; and.,**Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Stefano Gastaldello
- From the ‡Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden;
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Sollanek KJ, Burniston JG, Kavazis AN, Morton AB, Wiggs MP, Ahn B, Smuder AJ, Powers SK. Global Proteome Changes in the Rat Diaphragm Induced by Endurance Exercise Training. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171007. [PMID: 28135290 PMCID: PMC5279855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life-saving intervention for many critically ill patients. Unfortunately, prolonged MV results in the rapid development of diaphragmatic atrophy and weakness. Importantly, endurance exercise training results in a diaphragmatic phenotype that is protected against ventilator-induced diaphragmatic atrophy and weakness. The mechanisms responsible for this exercise-induced protection against ventilator-induced diaphragmatic atrophy remain unknown. Therefore, to investigate exercise-induced changes in diaphragm muscle proteins, we compared the diaphragmatic proteome from sedentary and exercise-trained rats. Specifically, using label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we performed a proteomics analysis of both soluble proteins and mitochondrial proteins isolated from diaphragm muscle. The total number of diaphragm proteins profiled in the soluble protein fraction and mitochondrial protein fraction were 813 and 732, respectively. Endurance exercise training significantly (P<0.05, FDR <10%) altered the abundance of 70 proteins in the soluble diaphragm proteome and 25 proteins of the mitochondrial proteome. In particular, key cytoprotective proteins that increased in relative abundance following exercise training included mitochondrial fission process 1 (Mtfp1; MTP18), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MPST), microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 (Mgst3; GST-III), and heat shock protein 70 kDa protein 1A/1B (HSP70). While these proteins are known to be cytoprotective in several cell types, the cyto-protective roles of these proteins have yet to be fully elucidated in diaphragm muscle fibers. Based upon these important findings, future experiments can now determine which of these diaphragmatic proteins are sufficient and/or required to promote exercise-induced protection against inactivity-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt J. Sollanek
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jatin G. Burniston
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas N. Kavazis
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Aaron B. Morton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Wiggs
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Bumsoo Ahn
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ashley J. Smuder
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Scott K. Powers
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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Larsson L, Friedrich O. Critical Illness Myopathy (CIM) and Ventilator-Induced Diaphragm Muscle Dysfunction (VIDD): Acquired Myopathies Affecting Contractile Proteins. Compr Physiol 2016; 7:105-112. [PMID: 28135001 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c150054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Critical care and intensive care units (ICUs) have undergone dramatic changes and improvements in recent years, and critical care is today one of the fastest growing hospital disciplines. Significant improvements in treatments, removal of inefficient and harmful interventions, and introduction of advanced technological support systems have improved survival among critically ill ICU patients. However, the improved survival is associated with an increased number of patients with complications related to modern critical care. Severe muscle wasting and impaired muscle function are frequently observed in immobilized and mechanically ventilated ICU patients. Approximately 30% of mechanically ventilated and immobilized ICU patients for durations of five days and longer develop generalized muscle paralysis of all limb and trunk muscles. These patients typically have intact sensory and cognitive functions, a condition known as critical illness myopathy (CIM). Mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving treatment in critically ill ICU patients; however, the being on a ventilator creates dependence, and the weaning process occupies as much as 40% of the total time of mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, 20% to 30% of patients require prolonged intensive care due to ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD), resulting in poorer outcomes, and greatly increased costs to health care providers. Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying both CIM and VIDD has increased significantly in the past decade and intervention strategies are presently being evaluated in different experimental models. This short review is restricted CIM and VIDD pathophysiology rather than giving a comprehensive review of all acquired muscle wasting conditions associated with modern critical care. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:105-112, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biobehavioral Health, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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