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Forsyth KS, Jiwrajka N, Lovell CD, Toothacre NE, Anguera MC. The conneXion between sex and immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:487-502. [PMID: 38383754 PMCID: PMC11216897 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-00996-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
There are notable sex-based differences in immune responses to pathogens and self-antigens, with female individuals exhibiting increased susceptibility to various autoimmune diseases, and male individuals displaying preferential susceptibility to some viral, bacterial, parasitic and fungal infections. Although sex hormones clearly contribute to sex differences in immune cell composition and function, the presence of two X chromosomes in female individuals suggests that differential gene expression of numerous X chromosome-linked immune-related genes may also influence sex-biased innate and adaptive immune cell function in health and disease. Here, we review the sex differences in immune system composition and function, examining how hormones and genetics influence the immune system. We focus on the genetic and epigenetic contributions responsible for altered X chromosome-linked gene expression, and how this impacts sex-biased immune responses in the context of pathogen infection and systemic autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S Forsyth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nikhil Jiwrajka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Claudia D Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Natalie E Toothacre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Montserrat C Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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2
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Kientega T, Marcoux S, Bourbonnais J, Montpetit J, Caru M, Cardin GB, Arbour N, Marcil V, Curnier D, Laverdière C, Sinnett D, Rodier F. Premature thymic functional senescence is a hallmark of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivorship. Blood Cancer J 2024; 14:96. [PMID: 38871704 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-024-01071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) survivors suffer early-onset chronic diseases classically associated with aging. Normal aging is accompanied by organ dysfunctions, including immunological ones. We hypothesize that thymic immunosenescence occurs in cALL survivors and that its severity may correlate with early-onset chronic diseases. The PETALE study is a cALL survivor cohort with an extensive cardiovascular and metabolic evaluation. The thymic immunosenescence biomarker, signal joint T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC), was evaluated and was highly correlated with age in healthy participants (n = 281) and cALL survivors (n = 248). We observed a systematic thymic immunoage accentuation in each cALL survivor compared to controls ranging from 5.9 to 88.3 years. The immunoage gain was independent of age at diagnosis and treatment modalities and was more severe for females. Thymic aging was associated with several pathophysiological parameters, was greater in survivors suffering from metabolic syndrome, but there was no significant association with global physical condition. The decrease in TREC was independent from blood cell counts, which were normal, suggesting a segmental aging of the thymic compartment. Indeed, increased plasmatic T cell regulatory cytokines IL-6, IL-7 and GM-CSF accompanied high immunoage gain. Our data reveal that cALL or its treatment trigger a rapid immunoage gain followed by further gradual thymic immunosenescence, similar to normal aging. This leads to an enduring shift in accentuated immunoage compared to chronological age. Thus, accentuated thymic immunosenescence is a hallmark of cALL survivorship and TREC levels could be useful immunosenescence biomarkers to help monitoring the health of cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibila Kientega
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Marcoux
- Université Laval, Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jessica Bourbonnais
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jade Montpetit
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Caru
- Centre de recherche Azrieli du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Guillaume B Cardin
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Département de Neurosciences, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Centre de recherche Azrieli du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Département de Nutrition, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Curnier
- Centre de recherche Azrieli du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Faculté de médecine, École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Laboratoire de physiopathologie de l'exercice (LPEX), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Laverdière
- Centre de recherche Azrieli du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Département de Pédiatrie, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Centre de recherche Azrieli du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Département de Pédiatrie, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Francis Rodier
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Université de Montréal, Département de Radiologie, radio-oncologie et médecine nucléaire, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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3
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Nihtilä J, Salmenniemi U, Itälä-Remes M, Crossland RE, Gallardo D, Bogunia-Kubik K, Łacina P, Bieniaszewska M, Giebel S, Hyvärinen K, Kekäläinen E, Ritari J, Partanen J. Donor genetic determinant of thymopoiesis, rs2204985, and stem cell transplantation outcome in a multipopulation cohort. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110791. [PMID: 38553383 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A genetic polymorphism, rs2204985, has been reported to be associated with the diversity of T-cell antigen receptor repertoire and TREC levels, reflecting the function of the thymus. As the thymus function can be assumed to be an important factor regulating the outcome of stem cell transplantation (SCT), it was of great interest that rs2204985 showed a genetic association to disease-free and overall survival in a German SCT donor cohort. Tools to predict the outcome of SCT more accurately would help in risk assessment and patient safety. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the general validity of the original genetic association found in the German cohort, we determined genetic associations between rs2204985 and the outcome of SCT in 1,473 SCT donors from four different populations. STUDY DESIGN Genetic associations between rs2204985 genotype AA versus AG/GG and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in 1,473 adult, allogeneic SCT from Finland, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Poland were performed using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests. We adjusted the survival models with covariates using Cox regression. RESULTS In unrelated SCT donors (N = 425), the OS of genotype AA versus AG/GG had a trend for a similar association (p = 0.049, log-rank test) as previously reported in the German cohort. The trend did not remain significant in the Cox regression analysis with covariates. No other associations were found. CONCLUSION Weak support for the genetic association between rs2204985, previously also associated with thymus function, and the outcome of SCT could be found in a cohort from four populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nihtilä
- Research and Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Urpu Salmenniemi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland; University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Rachel E Crossland
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Newcastle University, UK
| | | | - Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Łacina
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Bieniaszewska
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sebastian Giebel
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Hematology-Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Kati Hyvärinen
- Research and Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eliisa Kekäläinen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Helsinki University Hospital, and Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jarmo Ritari
- Research and Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Partanen
- Research and Development, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland.
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4
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Mika J, Yoshida K, Kusunoki Y, Candéias SM, Polanska J. Sex- and age-specific aspects of human peripheral T-cell dynamics. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224304. [PMID: 37901211 PMCID: PMC10613070 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The diversity of the antigenic T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire clonally expressed on T lymphocytes is a key element of the adaptive immune system protective functions. A decline in diversity in the older adults is associated with health deterioration. This diversity is generated by the rearrangement of TRB genes coding for TCR chains during lymphocyte differentiation in the thymus, but is essentially maintained by peripheral T lymphocytes proliferation for most of life. Deep sequencing of rearranged TRB genes from blood cells allows the monitoring of peripheral T cell repertoire dynamics. We analysed two aspects of rearranged TRB diversity, related to T lymphocyte proliferation and to the distribution of the T cell clone size, in a collection of repertoires obtained from 1 to 74 years-old donors. Results Our results show that peripheral T lymphocytes expansion differs according to the recombination status of their TRB loci. Their proliferation rate changes with age, with different patterns in men and women. T cell clone size becomes more heterogeneous with time, and, in adults, is always more even in women. Importantly, a longitudinal analysis of TRB repertoires obtained at ten years intervals from individual men and women confirms the findings of this cross-sectional study. Conclusions Peripheral T lymphocyte proliferation partially depends on their thymic developmental history. The rate of proliferation of T cells differing in their TRB rearrangement status is different in men and women before the age of 18 years old, but similar thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mika
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Kengo Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kusunoki
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Serge M. Candéias
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble (IRIG), Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Metals (LCBM), Grenoble, France
| | - Joanna Polanska
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
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5
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Roux HM, Marouf A, Dutrieux J, Charmeteau-De Muylder B, Figueiredo-Morgado S, Avettand-Fenoel V, Cuvelier P, Naudin C, Bouaziz F, Geri G, Couëdel-Courteille A, Squara P, Marullo S, Cheynier R. Genetically determined thymic function affects strength and duration of immune response in COVID patients with pneumonia. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh7969. [PMID: 37738336 PMCID: PMC10516486 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh7969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Thymic activation improves the outcome of COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia. The rs2204985 genetic polymorphism within the TCRA-TCRD locus, which affects thymic output in healthy individuals, was found here to modify SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity and disease severity in COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia. Forty patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were investigated. The GG genotype at the rs2204985 locus was associated, independently of age and sex, with stronger and long-lasting anti-SARS-CoV-2 helper and cytotoxic T cell responses 6 months after recovery. The GG genotype was also associated with less severe lung involvement, higher thymic production, and higher counts of blood naïve T lymphocytes, including recent thymic emigrants, and a larger population of activated stem cell memory CD4+ T cells. Overall, GG patients developed a more robust and sustained immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Polymorphism at rs2204985 locus should be considered as an additional predictive marker of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène M. Roux
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Amira Marouf
- Groupe Hospitalier privé Ambroise Paré-Hartmann, Département Recherche Innovation, 92200, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Jacques Dutrieux
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Véronique Avettand-Fenoel
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, Institut Cochin-CNRS 8104/INSERM U1016 AP-HP, Service de Virologie, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Pelagia Cuvelier
- Groupe Hospitalier privé Ambroise Paré-Hartmann, Département Recherche Innovation, 92200, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Cécile Naudin
- Groupe Hospitalier privé Ambroise Paré-Hartmann, Département Recherche Innovation, 92200, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Fatma Bouaziz
- Groupe Hospitalier privé Ambroise Paré-Hartmann, Département Recherche Innovation, 92200, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Guillaume Geri
- Groupe Hospitalier privé Ambroise Paré-Hartmann, Département Recherche Innovation, 92200, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
| | | | - Pierre Squara
- Groupe Hospitalier privé Ambroise Paré-Hartmann, Département Recherche Innovation, 92200, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Stefano Marullo
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Rémi Cheynier
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
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Sobrino S, Abdo C, Neven B, Denis A, Gouge-Biebuyck N, Clave E, Charbonnier S, Blein T, Kergaravat C, Alcantara M, Villarese P, Berthaud R, Dehoux L, Albinni S, Karkeni E, Lagresle-Peyrou C, Cavazzana M, Salomon R, André I, Toubert A, Asnafi V, Picard C, Blanche S, Macintyre E, Boyer O, Six E, Zuber J. Human kidney-derived hematopoietic stem cells can support long-term multilineage hematopoiesis. Kidney Int 2023; 103:70-76. [PMID: 36108807 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Long-term multilineage hematopoietic donor chimerism occurs sporadically in patients who receive a transplanted solid organ enriched in lymphoid tissues such as the intestine or liver. There is currently no evidence for the presence of kidney-resident hematopoietic stem cells in any mammal species. Graft-versus-host-reactive donor T cells promote engraftment of graft-derived hematopoietic stem cells by making space in the bone marrow. Here, we report full (over 99%) multilineage, donor-derived hematopoietic chimerism in a pediatric kidney transplant recipient with syndromic combined immune deficiency that leads to transplant tolerance. Interestingly, we found that the human kidney-derived hematopoietic stem cells took up long-term residence in the recipient's bone marrow and gradually replaced their host counterparts, leading to blood type conversion and full donor chimerism of both lymphoid and myeloid lineages. Thus, our findings highlight the existence of human kidney-derived hematopoietic stem cells with a self-renewal ability able to support multilineage hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steicy Sobrino
- INSERM UMR_S1163, Institut IMAGINE, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Chrystelle Abdo
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Onco-Hématologie, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Immuno-Hématologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Nathalie Gouge-Biebuyck
- Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Clave
- INSERM UMR_S1160, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Marion Alcantara
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Onco-Hématologie, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Villarese
- Laboratoire d'Onco-Hématologie, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Romain Berthaud
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laurène Dehoux
- Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Souha Albinni
- Etablissement Français du Sang Ile-de-France, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Esma Karkeni
- Cytometry and Biomarkers UTechS, Center for Translational Science, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Marina Cavazzana
- INSERM UMR_S1163, Institut IMAGINE, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Salomon
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Antoine Toubert
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM UMR_S1160, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Vahid Asnafi
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Onco-Hématologie, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- INSERM UMR_S1163, Institut IMAGINE, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; CEDI, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Blanche
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Immuno-Hématologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth Macintyre
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Onco-Hématologie, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivia Boyer
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Julien Zuber
- INSERM UMR_S1163, Institut IMAGINE, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service des Maladies du Rein et Métabolisme, Transplantation et Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Necker, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
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7
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Medova V, Hulinkova I, Laiferova N, Urdova V, Ciznar P, Dolnikova D, Krasnanova V, Fabri O, Ficek A, Soltysova A. The importance of defining the age-specific TREC/KREC levels for detection of various inborn errors of immunity in pediatric and adult patients. Clin Immunol 2022; 245:109155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Söderström A, Vonlanthen S, Jönsson-Videsäter K, Mielke S, Lindahl H, Törlén J, Uhlin M. T cell receptor excision circles are potential predictors of survival in adult allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients with acute myeloid leukemia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954716. [PMID: 36211398 PMCID: PMC9540498 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lymphocyte neogenesis from primary lymphoid organs is essential for a successful reconstitution of immunity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This single-center retrospective study aimed to evaluate T cell receptor excision circles (TREC) and kappa-deleting recombination excision circles (KREC) as surrogate markers for T and B cell recovery, as predictors for transplantation-related outcomes in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Methods Ninety adult patients diagnosed with AML and treated with HSCT between 2010 and 2015 were included in the study. TREC and KREC levels were measured by quantitative PCR at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. Results Overall, excision circle levels increased between 3 and 6 months post-HSCT for TREC (p = 0.005) and 1 and 3 months for KREC (p = 0.0007). In a landmark survival analysis at 12 months post-HSCT, TREC levels were associated with superior overall survival (HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34 - 0.81, p = 0.004). The incidence of viral infections within the first 100 days after transplantation was associated with lower TREC levels at 6 months (p = 0.0002). CMV reactivation was likewise associated with lower TREC levels at 6 months (p = 0.02) post-HSCT. KREC levels were not associated with clinical outcomes in statistical analyzes. Conclusions Results from the present study indicate that TREC measurement could be considered as part of the post-HSCT monitoring to identify AML patients with inferior survival after transplantation. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Söderström
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Anna Söderström,
| | - Sofie Vonlanthen
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Jönsson-Videsäter
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan Mielke
- Cell Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannes Lindahl
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Törlén
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cell Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Uhlin
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Trofimov A, Brouillard P, Larouche JD, Séguin J, Laverdure JP, Brasey A, Ehx G, Roy DC, Busque L, Lachance S, Lemieux S, Perreault C. Two types of human TCR differentially regulate reactivity to self and non-self antigens. iScience 2022; 25:104968. [PMID: 36111255 PMCID: PMC9468382 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on analyses of TCR sequences from over 1,000 individuals, we report that the TCR repertoire is composed of two ontogenically and functionally distinct types of TCRs. Their production is regulated by variations in thymic output and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TDT) activity. Neonatal TCRs derived from TDT-negative progenitors persist throughout life, are highly shared among subjects, and are reported as disease-associated. Thus, 10%–30% of most frequent cord blood TCRs are associated with common pathogens and autoantigens. TDT-dependent TCRs present distinct structural features and are less shared among subjects. TDT-dependent TCRs are produced in maximal numbers during infancy when thymic output and TDT activity reach a summit, are more abundant in subjects with AIRE mutations, and seem to play a dominant role in graft-versus-host disease. Factors decreasing thymic output (age, male sex) negatively impact TCR diversity. Males compensate for their lower repertoire diversity via hyperexpansion of selected TCR clonotypes. Over 108 TCR CDR3 sequences from ∼103 individuals and 7 cohorts were analyzed The TCR repertoire is composed of two layers: neonatal and TDT-dependent layer ∼70% of frequent cord blood TCRs are associated with common pathogens Acute graft-vs-host disease correlates with a high proportion of TDT-dependent TCRs
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Affiliation(s)
- Assya Trofimov
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Computer Science and Research Operations, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Quebec Institute for Learning Algorithms (Mila), Montreal, Quebec H2S 3H1, Canada
- Currently Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Currently Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1560, USA
| | - Philippe Brouillard
- Department of Computer Science and Research Operations, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Quebec Institute for Learning Algorithms (Mila), Montreal, Quebec H2S 3H1, Canada
| | - Jean-David Larouche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jonathan Séguin
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Laverdure
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ann Brasey
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Gregory Ehx
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Currently Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Geno-Proteomics (GIGA-I3), University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium
| | | | - Lambert Busque
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Silvy Lachance
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Sébastien Lemieux
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Computer Science and Research Operations, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry at University of Montreal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Corresponding author
| | - Claude Perreault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
- Corresponding author
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10
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Donor genetic determinant of thymopoiesis rs2204985 impacts clinical outcome after single HLA mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2022; 57:1539-1547. [PMID: 35804057 PMCID: PMC9532242 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-022-01751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A common genetic variant within the T cell receptor alpha (TCRA)-T cell receptor delta (TCRD) locus (rs2204985) has been recently found to associate with thymic function. Aim of this study was to investigate the potential impact of donor rs2204985 genotype on patient’s outcome after unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (uHSCT). 2016 adult patients were retrospectively analyzed. rs2204985 genotyping was performed by next generation sequencing, p < 0.05 was considered significant and donor rs2204985 GG/AG genotypes were set as reference vs. the AA genotype. Multivariate analysis of the combined cohort regarding the impact of donor’s rs2204985 genotype indicated different risk estimates in 10/10 and 9/10 HLA matched transplantations. A subanalysis on account of HLA incompatibility revealed that donor AA genotype in single HLA mismatched cases (n = 624) associated with significantly inferior overall- (HR: 1.48, p = 0.003) and disease-free survival (HR: 1.50, p = 0.001). This effect was driven by a combined higher risk of relapse incidence (HR: 1.40, p = 0.026) and non-relapse mortality (HR: 1.38, p = 0.042). This is the first study to explore the role of rs2204985 in a clinical uHSCT setting. Our data suggest that donor rs2204985 AA genotype in combination with single HLA mismatches may adversely impact post-HSCT outcome and should thus be avoided.
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11
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Jiwrajka N, Anguera MC. The X in seX-biased immunity and autoimmune rheumatic disease. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20211487. [PMID: 35510951 PMCID: PMC9075790 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism in the composition and function of the human immune system has important clinical implications, as males and females differ in their susceptibility to infectious diseases, cancers, and especially systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Both sex hormones and the X chromosome, which bears a number of immune-related genes, play critical roles in establishing the molecular basis for the observed sex differences in immune function and dysfunction. Here, we review our current understanding of sex differences in immune composition and function in health and disease, with a specific focus on the contribution of the X chromosome to the striking female bias of three autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Jiwrajka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Montserrat C. Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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12
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Dubouchet L, Todorov H, Seurinck R, Vallet N, Van Gassen S, Corneau A, Blanc C, Zouali H, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Ingram B, de Latour RP, Saeys Y, Socié G, Michonneau D. Operational tolerance after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is characterized by distinct transcriptional, phenotypic, and metabolic signatures. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabg3083. [PMID: 35196024 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg3083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying operational tolerance after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in humans are poorly understood. We studied two independent cohorts of patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from human leukocyte antigen-identical siblings. Primary tolerance was associated with long-lasting reshaping of the recipients' immune system compared to their healthy donors with an increased proportion of regulatory T cell subsets and decreased T cell activation, proliferation, and migration. Transcriptomics profiles also identified a role for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis in the regulation of immune cell functions. We then compared individuals with operational tolerance and nontolerant recipients at the phenotypic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic level. We observed alterations centered on CD38+-activated T and B cells in nontolerant patients. In tolerant patients, cell subsets with regulatory functions were prominent. RNA sequencing analyses highlighted modifications in the tolerant patients' transcriptomic profiles, particularly with overexpression of the ectoenzyme NT5E (encoding CD73), which could counterbalance CD38 enzymatic functions by producing adenosine. Further, metabolomic analyses suggested a central role of androgens in establishing operational tolerance. These data were confirmed using an integrative approach to evaluating the immune landscape associated with operational tolerance. Thus, balance between a CD38-activated immune state and CD73-related production of adenosine may be a key regulator of operational tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena Todorov
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ruth Seurinck
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Sofie Van Gassen
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aurélien Corneau
- Plateforme de Cytométrie de la Pitié-Salpétrière (CyPS), UMS037-PASS, Sorbonne Université-Faculté de Médecine, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Blanc
- Plateforme de Cytométrie de la Pitié-Salpétrière (CyPS), UMS037-PASS, Sorbonne Université-Faculté de Médecine, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Habib Zouali
- Centre d'étude du polymorphisme humain, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Anne Boland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre d'étude du polymorphisme humain, 75010 Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, 91057 Evry, France
| | | | - Regis Peffault de Latour
- Hematology Transplantation, Saint Louis Hospital, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Yvan Saeys
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gérard Socié
- Université de Paris, INSERM U976, F-75010 Paris, France.,Hematology Transplantation, Saint Louis Hospital, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - David Michonneau
- Université de Paris, INSERM U976, F-75010 Paris, France.,Hematology Transplantation, Saint Louis Hospital, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
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13
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Nicoli F, Clave E, Wanke K, von Braun A, Bondet V, Alanio C, Douay C, Baque M, Lependu C, Marconi P, Stiasny K, Heinz FX, Muetsch M, Duffy D, Boddaert J, Sauce D, Toubert A, Karrer U, Appay V. Primary immune responses are negatively impacted by persistent herpesvirus infections in older people: results from an observational study on healthy subjects and a vaccination trial on subjects aged more than 70 years old. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103852. [PMID: 35114631 PMCID: PMC8818547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced age is accompanied by a decline of immune functions, which may play a role in increased vulnerability to emerging pathogens and low efficacy of primary vaccinations in elderly people. The capacity to mount immune responses against new antigens is particularly affected in this population. However, its precise determinants are not fully understood. We aimed here at establishing the influence of persistent viral infections on the naive T-cell compartment and primary immune responsiveness in older adults. Methods We assessed immunological parameters, related to CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responsiveness, according to the serological status for common latent herpesviruses in two independent cohorts: 1) healthy individuals aged 19y to 95y (n = 150) and 2) individuals above 70y old enrolled in a primo-vaccination clinical trial (n = 137). Findings We demonstrate a prevalent effect of age and CMV infection on CD8+ and CD4+ naive T cells, respectively. CMV seropositivity was associated with blunted CD4+ T-cell and antibody responses to primary vaccination. Interpretation These data provide insights on the changes in adaptive immunity over time and the associated decline in vaccine efficacy with ageing. This knowledge is important for the management of emerging infectious diseases in elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nicoli
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France; Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Clave
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris F-75010, France
| | - Kerstin Wanke
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amrei von Braun
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Bondet
- Translational Immunology Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Alanio
- INSERM U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris 75005, France; Laboratoire D'immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, Paris 75005, France
| | - Corinne Douay
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris F-75010, France
| | - Margaux Baque
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Claire Lependu
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Peggy Marconi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Karin Stiasny
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz X Heinz
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Margot Muetsch
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris F-75010, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, AP-HP, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris F-75010, France
| | - Urs Karrer
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.
| | - Victor Appay
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France; Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR5164, INSERM ERL1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux, France; International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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14
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Human immune diversity: from evolution to modernity. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1479-1489. [PMID: 34795445 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The extreme diversity of the human immune system, forged and maintained throughout evolutionary history, provides a potent defense against opportunistic pathogens. At the same time, this immune variation is the substrate upon which a plethora of immune-associated diseases develop. Genetic analysis suggests that thousands of individually weak loci together drive up to half of the observed immune variation. Intense selection maintains this genetic diversity, even selecting for the introgressed Neanderthal or Denisovan alleles that have reintroduced variation lost during the out-of-Africa migration. Variations in age, sex, diet, environmental exposure, and microbiome each potentially explain the residual variation, with proof-of-concept studies demonstrating both plausible mechanisms and correlative associations. The confounding interaction of many of these variables currently makes it difficult to assign definitive contributions. Here, we review the current state of play in the field, identify the key unknowns in the causality of immune variation, and identify the multidisciplinary pathways toward an improved understanding.
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15
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Serre-Miranda C, Roque S, Barreira-Silva P, Nobrega C, Vieira N, Costa P, Palha JA, Correia-Neves M. Age-related sexual dimorphism on the longitudinal progression of blood immune cells in BALB/cByJ mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:883-891. [PMID: 34741509 PMCID: PMC9071472 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of immune system aging is of relevance, considering its myriad of interactions and role in protecting and maintaining body homeostasis. While mouse models have been extensively used to study immune system aging, little is known on how the main immune populations progress over time and what is the impact of sex. To contribute to filling this gap, male and female BALB/cByJ mice were longitudinally evaluated, from 3 to 18 months old, for the main blood populations, assessed by flow cytometry. Using linear mixed-effect models, we observed that the percentages of neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, and total natural killer (NK) cells increase with aging, while those of B cells, T cells (including CD4+ and CD8+ subsets), and Ly6C+ NK cells decrease. Males present higher percentages of neutrophils and classical monocytes Ly6Chigh over time, while females present higher percentages of total T cells, both CD4+ and CD8+, eosinophils, and NK cells. Males and females display similar percentages of B cells, even though with opposite accelerated progressions over time. This study revealed that mouse models recapitulate what is observed in humans during aging: an overall proportional decrease in the adaptive and an increase in the innate immune cells. Additionally, it uncovers an age-related sexual dimorphism in the proportion of immune cells in circulation, further strengthening the need to explore the impact of sex when addressing immune system aging using mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Serre-Miranda
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Susana Roque
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Palmira Barreira-Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Claudia Nobrega
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Neide Vieira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patrício Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana Almeida Palha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Margarida Correia-Neves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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16
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Ligotti ME, Aiello A, Accardi G, Aprile S, Bonura F, Bulati M, Gervasi F, Giammanco GM, Pojero F, Zareian N, Caruso C, Farzaneh F, Candore G. Analysis of T and NK cell subsets in the Sicilian population from young to supercentenarian: The role of age and gender. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 205:198-212. [PMID: 33866541 PMCID: PMC8274165 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing dramatically affects number and function of both innate and adaptive arms of immune system, particularly T cell subsets, contributing to reduced vaccination efficacy, decreased resistance to infections and increased prevalence of cancer in older people. In the present paper, we analysed the age-related changes in the absolute number of lymphocytes in 214 Sicilian subjects, and in the percentages of T and natural killer (NK) cells in a subcohort of donors. We compared these results with the immunophenotype of the oldest living Italian supercentenarian (aged 111 years). The results were also sorted by gender. The correlation between number/percentage of cells and age in all individuals. and separately in males and females, was examined using a simple linear regression analysis. We did not record the increase in the rate of inversion of the CD4/CD8 ratio, frequently reported as being associated with ageing in literature. Our observation was the direct consequence of a flat average trend of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell percentages in ageing donors, even when gender differences were included. Our results also suggest that CD4+ and CD8+ subsets are not affected equally by age comparing females with males, and we speculated that gender may affect the response to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The supercentenarian showed a unique immunophenotypic signature regarding the relative percentages of her T cell subsets, with CD4+ and CD8+ T cell percentages and CD4+ naive T cell values in line with those recorded for the octogenarian subjects. This suggests that the supercentenarian has a naive 'younger' T cell profile comparable to that of a >80-year-old female.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and ImmunosenescenceDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced DiagnosticsUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing’s College LondonThe Rayne InstituteLondonUK
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and ImmunosenescenceDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced DiagnosticsUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and ImmunosenescenceDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced DiagnosticsUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Stefano Aprile
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and ImmunosenescenceDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced DiagnosticsUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
- Unit of Transfusion MedicineSan Giovanni di Dio HospitalAgrigentoItaly
| | - Floriana Bonura
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child CareInternal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Microbiology SectionUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Matteo Bulati
- Research DepartmentMediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT)PalermoItaly
| | - Francesco Gervasi
- Specialistic Oncology Laboratory UnitARNAS Hospitals CivicoDi Cristina e BenfratelliPalermoItaly
| | - Giovanni M. Giammanco
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child CareInternal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Microbiology SectionUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Fanny Pojero
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and ImmunosenescenceDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced DiagnosticsUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Nahid Zareian
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing’s College LondonThe Rayne InstituteLondonUK
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and ImmunosenescenceDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced DiagnosticsUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Farzin Farzaneh
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing’s College LondonThe Rayne InstituteLondonUK
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and ImmunosenescenceDepartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced DiagnosticsUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
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17
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Legendre M, Marechal E, Rebibou JM, Gaiffe E, Courivaud C, Bamoulid J, Crepin T, Ducloux D. Genetic determinant of thymopoiesis and clinical outcomes in renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 36:2345-2347. [PMID: 34003262 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Legendre
- INSERM, UMR 1098 Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire, INCREASE, Besançon, France.,University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Besançon and Dijon, France.,Department of Nephrology, CHU Dijon, France
| | - Elise Marechal
- INSERM, UMR 1098 Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire, INCREASE, Besançon, France.,University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Besançon and Dijon, France.,Department of Nephrology, CHU Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Michel Rebibou
- INSERM, UMR 1098 Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire, INCREASE, Besançon, France.,University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Besançon and Dijon, France.,Department of Nephrology, CHU Dijon, France
| | | | - Cecile Courivaud
- INSERM, UMR 1098 Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire, INCREASE, Besançon, France.,University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Besançon and Dijon, France.,Department of Nephrology, CHU Besançon, France
| | - Jamal Bamoulid
- INSERM, UMR 1098 Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire, INCREASE, Besançon, France.,University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Besançon and Dijon, France.,Department of Nephrology, CHU Besançon, France
| | - Thomas Crepin
- INSERM, UMR 1098 Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire, INCREASE, Besançon, France.,University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Besançon and Dijon, France.,Department of Nephrology, CHU Besançon, France
| | - Didier Ducloux
- INSERM, UMR 1098 Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire, INCREASE, Besançon, France.,University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Besançon and Dijon, France.,Department of Nephrology, CHU Besançon, France
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18
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Lin RJ, Elias HK, van den Brink MRM. Immune Reconstitution in the Aging Host: Opportunities for Mechanism-Based Therapy in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674093. [PMID: 33953731 PMCID: PMC8089387 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Older patients with hematologic malignancies are increasingly considered for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with encouraging outcomes. While aging-related thymic dysfunction remains a major obstacle to optimal and timely immune reconstitution post- transplantation, recent accumulating evidence has suggested that various aging hallmarks such as cellular senescence, inflamm-aging, and hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion, could also impact immune reconstitution post-transplantation in both thymic-dependent and independent manner. Here we review molecular and cellular aspects of immune senescence and immune rejuvenation related to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation among older patients and discuss potential strategies for mechanism-based therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Lin
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Service, Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Harold K Elias
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Service, Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marcel R M van den Brink
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Service, Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
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19
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Cieslak A, Charbonnier G, Tesio M, Mathieu EL, Belhocine M, Touzart A, Smith C, Hypolite G, Andrieu GP, Martens JHA, Janssen-Megens E, Gut M, Gut I, Boissel N, Petit A, Puthier D, Macintyre E, Stunnenberg HG, Spicuglia S, Asnafi V. Blueprint of human thymopoiesis reveals molecular mechanisms of stage-specific TCR enhancer activation. J Exp Med 2021; 217:151947. [PMID: 32667968 PMCID: PMC7478722 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell differentiation is accompanied by epigenetic changes leading to precise lineage definition and cell identity. Here we present a comprehensive resource of epigenomic data of human T cell precursors along with an integrative analysis of other hematopoietic populations. Although T cell commitment is accompanied by large scale epigenetic changes, we observed that the majority of distal regulatory elements are constitutively unmethylated throughout T cell differentiation, irrespective of their activation status. Among these, the TCRA gene enhancer (Eα) is in an open and unmethylated chromatin structure well before activation. Integrative analyses revealed that the HOXA5-9 transcription factors repress the Eα enhancer at early stages of T cell differentiation, while their decommission is required for TCRA locus activation and enforced αβ T lineage differentiation. Remarkably, the HOXA-mediated repression of Eα is paralleled by the ectopic expression of homeodomain-related oncogenes in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These results highlight an analogous enhancer repression mechanism at play in normal and cancer conditions, but imposing distinct developmental constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Cieslak
- Université de Paris (Descartes), Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Charbonnier
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Theories and Approaches of Genomic Complexity, UMR1090, Marseille, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Melania Tesio
- Université de Paris (Descartes), Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Eve-Lyne Mathieu
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Theories and Approaches of Genomic Complexity, UMR1090, Marseille, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Mohamed Belhocine
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Theories and Approaches of Genomic Complexity, UMR1090, Marseille, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Aurore Touzart
- Université de Paris (Descartes), Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France.,Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Smith
- Université de Paris (Descartes), Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Hypolite
- Université de Paris (Descartes), Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume P Andrieu
- Université de Paris (Descartes), Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculties of Science and Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Eva Janssen-Megens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculties of Science and Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marta Gut
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico-Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivo Gut
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico-Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolas Boissel
- Université Paris Diderot, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, EA-3518, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Petit
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Denis Puthier
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Theories and Approaches of Genomic Complexity, UMR1090, Marseille, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Elizabeth Macintyre
- Université de Paris (Descartes), Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Hendrik G Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculties of Science and Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Salvatore Spicuglia
- Aix-Marseille University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Theories and Approaches of Genomic Complexity, UMR1090, Marseille, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Vahid Asnafi
- Université de Paris (Descartes), Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
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20
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Wang J, Xu X, Shi X, Zhang J, Gao F, Li J, Jia S, Xu J, Zhang J, Peng L, Li L, Chen J, Li S, Lu L. Literature-based learning and experimental design model in molecular biology teaching for medical students at Tongji University. BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EDUCATION : A BIMONTHLY PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 49:189-197. [PMID: 32881259 DOI: 10.1002/bmb.21419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In 2018, to help undergraduate medical students strengthen their self-learning and scientific research skills, we introduced an instructional model that combined literature-based learning with experimental design. We tested this model on the molecular biology class at Tongji University. In the first step of the model, a topic is chosen, and students find, read, and evaluate scientific papers in groups and deliver presentations. In the second step, they design scientific experiments in groups and discuss their proposed experiments in class, which is to be followed by further experimental verification in the lab course. This entire activity was given 20% weightage in the final score. The model led to better student-centered teaching and self-directed learning according to quantitative and qualitative assessment. Students showed great interest in literature and research. They enjoyed group work and gained experience in organization and presentation. Apart from a significant increase in final score, assessment data from students indicated that they were satisfied with this teaching model and considered it a positive experience. Looking at the positive impact of the literature-based learning and experiment design model, we support its continued use for teaching molecular biology to undergraduate medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiujuan Shi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieping Zhang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Furong Gao
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Jia
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luying Peng
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siguang Li
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Midavaine É, Côté J, Marchand S, Sarret P. Glial and neuroimmune cell choreography in sexually dimorphic pain signaling. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:168-192. [PMID: 33582232 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a major global health issue that affects all populations regardless of sex, age, ethnicity/race, or country of origin, leading to persistent physical and emotional distress and to the loss of patients' autonomy and quality of life. Despite tremendous efforts in the elucidation of the mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of chronic pain, the identification of new potential pain targets, and the development of novel analgesics, the pharmacological treatment options available for pain management remain limited, and most novel pain medications have failed to achieve advanced clinical development, leaving many patients with unbearable and undermanaged pain. Sex-specific susceptibility to chronic pain conditions as well as sex differences in pain sensitivity, pain tolerance and analgesic efficacy are increasingly recognized in the literature and have thus prompted scientists to seek mechanistic explanations. Hence, recent findings have highlighted that the signaling mechanisms underlying pain hypersensitivity are sexually dimorphic, which sheds light on the importance of conducting preclinical and clinical pain research on both sexes and of developing sex-specific pain medications. This review thus focuses on the clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the existence of sex differences in pain neurobiology. Attention is drawn to the sexually dimorphic role of glial and immune cells, which are both recognized as key players in neuroglial maladaptive plasticity at the origin of the transition from acute pain to chronic pathological pain. Growing evidence notably attributes to microglial cells a pivotal role in the sexually dimorphic pain phenotype and in the sexually dimorphic analgesic efficacy of opioids. This review also summarizes the recent advances in understanding the pathobiology underpinning the development of pain hypersensitivity in both males and females in different types of pain conditions, with particular emphasis on the mechanistic signaling pathways driving sexually dimorphic pain responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élora Midavaine
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
| | - Jérôme Côté
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Serge Marchand
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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22
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Al-Bari MAA, Hossain S, Zahan MKE. Exploration of sex-specific and age-dependent COVID-19 fatality rate in Bangladesh population. World J Radiol 2021; 13:1-18. [PMID: 33574990 PMCID: PMC7852349 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v13.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory tract infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global health emergency and a threat the entire world. The COVID-19 shows a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, severity, and fatality rates. Although the fatal outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic are evident in all age groups, the most devastating impact on the health consequences and death from COVID-19 are associated with older adults, especially older men. COVID-19 pandemic is affecting different countries in the world especially in the 65+ years age male group. In fact, several genes involved into the regulation of the immune system are strategically placed on the X-chromosome and trigger a gendered mediated antiviral fight. The aim of this study is to explore and exploit whether a relationship exists between male sex and COVID-19 mortality and the relationship is age dependent. Herein we discuss the possible role of physiological and immunological sex differences into the higher morbidity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 between females and males. Deciphering gender differences in COVID-19 offers a window into the principles of immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection and this information on ageing dependent gender disparity might contribute to our current understanding of COVID-19 infection and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Showna Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kudrat-E Zahan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
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23
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Velardi E, Clave E, Arruda LCM, Benini F, Locatelli F, Toubert A. The role of the thymus in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and the recovery of the peripheral T-cell compartment. Semin Immunopathol 2021; 43:101-117. [PMID: 33416938 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00828-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the thymus represents the primary site of T-cell development, optimal thymic function is of paramount importance for the successful reconstitution of the adaptive immunity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Thymus involutes as part of the aging process and several factors, including previous chemotherapy treatments, conditioning regimen used in preparation to the allograft, occurrence of graft-versus-host disease, and steroid therapy that impair the integrity of the thymus, thus affecting its role in supporting T-cell neogenesis. Although the pathways governing its regeneration are still poorly understood, the thymus has a remarkable capacity to recover its function after damage. Measurement of both recent thymic emigrants and T-cell receptor excision circles is valuable tools to assess thymic output and gain insights on its function. In this review, we will extensively discuss available data on factors regulating thymic function after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, as well as the strategies and therapeutic approaches under investigation to promote thymic reconstitution and accelerate immune recovery in transplanted patients, including the use of cytokines, sex-steroid ablation, precursor T-cells, and thymus bioengineering. Although none of them is routinely used in the clinic, these approaches have the potential to enhance thymic function and immune recovery, not only in patients given an allograft but also in other conditions characterized by immune deficiencies related to a defective function of the thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Velardi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emmanuel Clave
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Lucas C M Arruda
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesca Benini
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy.,Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, F-75010, Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, AP-HP, Hopital Saint-Louis, F-75010, Paris, France
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24
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Cuvelier P, Roux H, Couëdel-Courteille A, Dutrieux J, Naudin C, Charmeteau de Muylder B, Cheynier R, Squara P, Marullo S. Protective reactive thymus hyperplasia in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2021; 25:4. [PMID: 33397460 PMCID: PMC7781174 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with COVID-19 (COVID) may develop acute respiratory distress syndrome with or without sepsis, coagulopathy and visceral damage. While chest CT scans are routinely performed in the initial assessment of patients with severe pulmonary forms, thymus involvement and reactivation have not been investigated so far. Methods In this observational study, we systematically scored the enlargement of the thymus and the lung involvement, using CT scans, in all adult patients admitted to the ICU for COVID or any other cause (control group) at one centre between March and April 2020. Initial biological investigations included nasal detection of SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In a subgroup of 24 patients with different degrees of pulmonary involvement and thymus hypertrophy, plasma cytokine concentrations were measured and the export of mature T cells from the thymus was estimated simultaneously by PCR quantification of T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs). Results Eighty-seven patients were studied: 50 COVID patients and 37 controls. Non-atrophic or enlarged thymus was more commonly observed in COVID patients than in controls (66% vs. 24%, p < 0.0001). Thymus enlargement in COVID patients was associated with more extensive lung injury score on CT scans (4 [3–5] vs. 2 [1.5–4], p = 0.01), but a lower mortality rate (8.6% vs. 41.2%, p < 0.001). Other factors associated with mortality were age, lymphopaenia, high CRP and co-morbidities. COVID patients had higher concentrations of IL-7 (6.00 [3.72–9.25] vs. 2.17 [1.76–4.4] pg/mL; p = 0.04) and higher thymic production of new lymphocytes (sj/βTREC ratio = 2.88 [1.98–4.51] vs. 0.23 [0.15–0.60]; p = 0.004). Thymic production was also correlated with the CT scan thymic score (r = 0.38, p = 0.03) and inversely correlated with the number of lymphocytes (r = 0.56, p = 0.007). Conclusion In COVID patients, thymus enlargement was frequent and associated with increased T lymphocyte production, which appears to be a beneficial adaptation to virus-induced lymphopaenia. The lack of thymic activity/reactivation in older SARS-CoV-2 infected patients could contribute to a worse prognosis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelagia Cuvelier
- Clinique Ambroise Paré, 27 bd Victor Hugo, 92200, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
| | - Hélène Roux
- Université de Paris, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, 75014, Paris, France
| | | | - Jacques Dutrieux
- Université de Paris, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Naudin
- Clinique Ambroise Paré, 27 bd Victor Hugo, 92200, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
| | | | - Rémi Cheynier
- Université de Paris, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Squara
- Clinique Ambroise Paré, 27 bd Victor Hugo, 92200, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.
| | - Stefano Marullo
- Université de Paris, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, 75014, Paris, France
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25
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Ciarambino T, Para O, Giordano M. Immune system and COVID-19 by sex differences and age. WOMEN'S HEALTH (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 17:17455065211022262. [PMID: 34096383 PMCID: PMC8188967 DOI: 10.1177/17455065211022262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In COVID-19 disease, are reported gender differences in relation to severity and death. The aim of this review is to highlight gender differences in the immune response to COVID-19. The included studies were identified using PubMed, until 30 October 2020. The search included the following keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, gender, age, sex, and immune system. Literature described that females compared to males have greater inflammatory, antiviral, and humoral immune responses. In female, estrogen is a potential ally to alleviate SARS-COV-2 disease. In male, testosterone reduces vaccination response and depresses the cytokine response. In the older patients, and in particular, in female older patients, it has been reported a progressive functional decline in the immune systems. Differences by gender were reported in infection diseases, including SARS-CoV-2. These data should be confirmed by the other epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ciarambino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marcianise Hospital, ASL Caserta, Italy
| | - Ombretta Para
- Department of Internal Medicine, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Giordano
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campania, L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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26
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The immuno-oncological challenge of COVID-19. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:946-964. [DOI: 10.1038/s43018-020-00122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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27
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Soloff AC, Jones KE, Powers AA, Murthy P, Wang Y, Russell KL, Byrne-Steele M, Lund AW, Yuan JM, Monaco SE, Han J, Dhupar R, Lotze MT. HMGB1 Promotes Myeloid Egress and Limits Lymphatic Clearance of Malignant Pleural Effusions. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2027. [PMID: 33013860 PMCID: PMC7498625 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural effusions, when benign, are attributed to cardiac events and suffusion of fluid within the pleural space. When malignant, lymphatic obstruction by tumor and failure to absorb constitutively produced fluid is the predominant formulation. The prevailing view has been challenged recently, namely that the lymphatics are only passive vessels, carrying antigenic fluid to secondary lymphoid sites. Rather, lymphatic vessels can be a selective barrier, efficiently coordinating egress of immune cells and factors within tissues, limiting tumor spread and immune pathology. An alternative explanation, offered here, is that damage associated molecular pattern molecules, released in excess, maintain a local milieu associated with recruitment and retention of immune cells associated with failed lymphatic clearance and functional lymphatic obstruction. We found that levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were equally elevated in both benign and malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) and that limited diversity of T cell receptor expressing gamma and delta chain were inversely associated with these levels in MPEs. Acellular fluid from MPEs enhanced γδ T cell proliferation in vitro, while inhibiting cytokine production from γδ T cells and monocytes as well as restricting monocyte chemotaxis. Novel therapeutic strategies, targeting HMGB1 and its neutralization in such effusions as well as direct delivery of immune cells into the pleural space to reconstitute normal physiology should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Soloff
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Katherine E Jones
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Amy A Powers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Pranav Murthy
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Departments of Immunology and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kira L Russell
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Amanda W Lund
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sara E Monaco
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jian Han
- iRepertoire, Inc., Huntsville, AL, United States
| | - Rajeev Dhupar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Surgical Services Division, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Departments of Immunology and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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28
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Gaballa A, Clave E, Uhlin M, Toubert A, Arruda LCM. Evaluating Thymic Function After Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Personalized Medicine Era. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1341. [PMID: 32849495 PMCID: PMC7412601 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective treatment option for several malignant and non-malignant hematological diseases. The clinical outcome of this procedure relies to a large extent on optimal recovery of adaptive immunity. In this regard, the thymus plays a central role as the primary site for de novo generation of functional, diverse, and immunocompetent T-lymphocytes. The thymus is exquisitely sensitive to several insults during HSCT, including conditioning drugs, corticosteroids, infections, and graft-vs.-host disease. Impaired thymic recovery has been clearly associated with increased risk of opportunistic infections and poor clinical outcomes in HSCT recipients. Therefore, better understanding of thymic function can provide valuable information for improving HSCT outcomes. Recent data have shown that, besides gender and age, a specific single-nucleotide polymorphism affects thymopoiesis and may also influence thymic output post-HSCT, suggesting that the time of precision medicine of thymic function has arrived. Here, we review the current knowledge about thymic role in HSCT and the recent work of genetic control of human thymopoiesis. We also discuss different transplant-related factors that have been associated with impaired thymic recovery and the use of T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) to assess thymic output, including its clinical significance. Finally, we present therapeutic strategies that could boost thymic recovery post-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Gaballa
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emmanuel Clave
- INSERM UMR-1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Hôpital Saint-Louis APHP, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michael Uhlin
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antoine Toubert
- INSERM UMR-1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Hôpital Saint-Louis APHP, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lucas C M Arruda
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Márquez EJ, Trowbridge J, Kuchel GA, Banchereau J, Ucar D. The lethal sex gap: COVID-19. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2020; 17:13. [PMID: 32457811 PMCID: PMC7240166 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-020-00183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
While Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is disrupting lives across the globe for everyone, it has a more devastating impact on the health of older adults, especially that of older men. This pandemic has highlighted the crucial importance of considering an individual’s age and biological sex in the clinic in addition to other confounding diseases (Kuchel, G.A, J Am Geriatr Soc, 67, 203, 2019, Tannenbaum, C., Nature, 575 451-458, 2009) As an interdisciplinary team of scientists in immunology, hematology, genomics, bioinformatics, and geriatrics, we have been studying how age and sex shape the human immune system. Herein we reflect on how our recent findings on the alterations of the immune system in aging might contribute to our current understanding of COVID-19 infection rate and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - George A Kuchel
- 3University of Connecticut Center on Aging, UConn Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
| | | | - Duygu Ucar
- 4The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
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30
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Abstract
Differences in immune function and responses contribute to health- and life-span disparities between sexes. However, the role of sex in immune system aging is not well understood. Here, we characterize peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 172 healthy adults 22-93 years of age using ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, and flow cytometry. These data reveal a shared epigenomic signature of aging including declining naïve T cell and increasing monocyte and cytotoxic cell functions. These changes are greater in magnitude in men and accompanied by a male-specific decline in B-cell specific loci. Age-related epigenomic changes first spike around late-thirties with similar timing and magnitude between sexes, whereas the second spike is earlier and stronger in men. Unexpectedly, genomic differences between sexes increase after age 65, with men having higher innate and pro-inflammatory activity and lower adaptive activity. Impact of age and sex on immune phenotypes can be visualized at https://immune-aging.jax.org to provide insights into future studies.
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Themeli M, Chhatta A, Boersma H, Prins HJ, Cordes M, de Wilt E, Farahani AS, Vandekerckhove B, van der Burg M, Hoeben RC, Staal FJT, Mikkers HMM. iPSC-Based Modeling of RAG2 Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Reveals Multiple T Cell Developmental Arrests. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:300-311. [PMID: 31956083 PMCID: PMC7013232 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RAG2 severe combined immune deficiency (RAG2-SCID) is a lethal disorder caused by the absence of functional T and B cells due to a differentiation block. Here, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a RAG2-SCID patient to study the nature of the T cell developmental blockade. We observed a strongly reduced capacity to differentiate at every investigated stage of T cell development, from early CD7−CD5− to CD4+CD8+. The impaired differentiation was accompanied by an increase in CD7−CD56+CD33+ natural killer (NK) cell-like cells. T cell receptor D rearrangements were completely absent in RAG2SCID cells, whereas the rare T cell receptor B rearrangements were likely the result of illegitimate rearrangements. Repair of RAG2 restored the capacity to induce T cell receptor rearrangements, normalized T cell development, and corrected the NK cell-like phenotype. In conclusion, we succeeded in generating an iPSC-based RAG2-SCID model, which enabled the identification of previously unrecognized disorder-related T cell developmental roadblocks. RAG2-SCID cells show impaired differentiation at several stages of T cell development RAG2-SCID T and NK cells fail to undergo legitimate RAG-driven TCR rearrangements RAG2-SCID cells exhibit a skewed differentiation toward NK cell-like cells RAG2-SCID phenotype is rescued by gene correction
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Themeli
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Amiet Chhatta
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Hester Boersma
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Jan Prins
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Cordes
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin de Wilt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Aïda Shahrabi Farahani
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Vandekerckhove
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 GE, The Netherlands
| | - Rob C Hoeben
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J T Staal
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Harald M M Mikkers
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands; LUMC hiPSC Hotel, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands.
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32
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Hasan M. [Milieu Intérieur: understanding healthy immune system heterogeneity to move along the path towards personalized medicine]. Med Sci (Paris) 2019; 35:423-430. [PMID: 31115325 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2019077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Milieu Intérieur project aims to define the boundaries of a healthy immune system in steady state and upon immune stimulation, and to elucidate environmental and hereditary determinants of its variability. The project is based on an in-depth immune phenotyping of 1 000 healthy donors. By correlating the cytometry measurements of peripheral blood immune cell composition in homeostasis, with the associated metadata, we have defined reference values of phenotypes related to sex and age, and found a significant impact of latent cytomegalovirus infection and smoking on measured phenotypes. In addition, we identified eleven novel Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with immune cell phenotypes. Immune response signatures were measured upon stimulation of fresh peripheral blood by 40 immune stimuli. Robust and standardized pipelines were established to quantify expression of 29 proteins and 572 genes and to explore genetic and non-genetic determinants of the variability of healthy immune response. The analytical approaches established by Milieu Intérieur and the collected data set represent an ideal reference for comparison studies of disease populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Hasan
- Cytométrie et Biomarqueurs (UTechS CB), Centre de recherche translationnelle (CRT), Institut Pasteur, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
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