1
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Kim Y. Fisetin-Mediated Perturbations of Membrane Permeability and Intracellular pH in Candida albicans. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:783-794. [PMID: 38213272 PMCID: PMC11091701 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2311.11027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The antifungal activity of fisetin against Candida albicans is explored, elucidating a mechanism centered on membrane permeabilization and ensuing disruption of pH homeostasis. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of fisetin, indicative of its interaction with the fungal membrane, increases in the presence of ergosterol. Hoechst 33342 and propidium-iodide staining reveal substantial propidium-iodide accumulation in fisetin-treated C. albicans cells at their MIC, with crystal violet uptake assays confirming fisetin-induced membrane permeabilization. Leakage analysis demonstrates a significant release of DNA and proteins in fisetin-treated cells compared to controls, underscoring the antifungal effect through membrane disruption. Green fluorescence, evident in both the cytoplasm and vacuoles of fisetin-treated cells under BCECF, AM staining, stands in contrast to controls where only acidic vacuoles exhibit staining. Ratiometric pH measurements using BCECF, AM reveal a noteworthy reduction in intracellular pH in fisetin-treated cells, emphasizing its impact on pH homeostasis. DiBAC4(3) uptake assays demonstrate membrane hyperpolarization in fisetin-treated cells, suggesting potential disruptions in ion flux and cellular homeostasis. These results provide comprehensive insights into the antifungal mechanisms of fisetin, positioning it as a promising therapeutic agent against Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younhee Kim
- Department of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Republic of Korea
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2
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Zhao CR, You ZL, Bai L. Fungal Plasma Membrane H +-ATPase: Structure, Mechanism, and Drug Discovery. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:273. [PMID: 38667944 PMCID: PMC11051447 DOI: 10.3390/jof10040273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The fungal plasma membrane H+-ATPase (Pma1) pumps protons out of the cell to maintain the transmembrane electrochemical gradient and membrane potential. As an essential P-type ATPase uniquely found in fungi and plants, Pma1 is an attractive antifungal drug target. Two recent Cryo-EM studies on Pma1 have revealed its hexameric architecture, autoinhibitory and activation mechanisms, and proton transport mechanism. These structures provide new perspectives for the development of antifungal drugs targeting Pma1. In this article, we review the history of Pma1 structure determination, the latest structural insights into Pma1, and drug discoveries targeting Pma1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ran Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zi-Long You
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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3
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Sirakanyan SN, Dilip H, Geronikaki A, Spinelli D, Kirubakaran S, Petrou A, Hakobyan EK, Kartsev VG, Paronikyan EG, Yegoryan HA, Yermalovyan LV, Hovakimyan AA. In silico Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine Derivatives for Cancer Therapy - A Preliminary Study on the Inhibitory Potential towards ATR Kinase Domain and PIKK Family. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302071. [PMID: 38230843 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Continuing our studies in the field of new heterocyclic compounds with biological interest, herein we report the synthesis and anticancer activity of new N- and S-substituted derivatives of tetracyclic pyrido[3',2' : 4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines. In this regard, starting from the thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylates, the corresponding 8(9)-aminopyrido[3',2' : 4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7(8)-ones, as well as chloro derivatives were obtained. Based on the latter, amino, hydrazino and S-alkyl derivatives of pyrido[3',2' : 4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines were synthesized subsequently. The current study focuses on identifying the potential of thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives primarily towards ATR kinase inhibition, through computational predictions, followed by synthesis and cancer cell viability studies, along with an aim to develop the core as PIKK inhibitors for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samvel N Sirakanyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | - Haritha Dilip
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382055, India
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Domenico Spinelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sivapriya Kirubakaran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382055, India
| | - Anthi Petrou
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elmira K Hakobyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | | | - Ervand G Paronikyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | - Hasmik A Yegoryan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | - Lilit V Yermalovyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
| | - Anush A Hovakimyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia, Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Ave., Azatutyan 26, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia
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4
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Young MR, Heit S, Bublitz M. Structure, function and biogenesis of the fungal proton pump Pma1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119600. [PMID: 37741574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
The fungal plasma membrane proton pump Pma1 is an integral plasma membrane protein of the P-type ATPase family. It is an essential enzyme responsible for maintaining a constant cytosolic pH and for energising the plasma membrane to secondary transport processes. Due to its importance for fungal survival and absence from animals, Pma1 is also a highly sought-after drug target. Until recently, its characterisation has been limited to functional, mutational and localisation studies, due to a lack of high-resolution structural information. The determination of three cryo-EM structures of Pma1 in its unique hexameric state offers a new level of understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the protein's stability, regulated activity and druggability. In light of this context, this article aims to review what we currently know about the structure, function and biogenesis of fungal Pma1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret R Young
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Heit
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Maike Bublitz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom.
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5
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Liang X, Menon S, Vartak R, Gaida R, Wojaczyńska E, Patel K, Billack B. Nanoformulation of a novel potent ebselen analog for treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:1195-1206. [PMID: 37724540 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is primarily caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans). Here, a novel organoselenium compound (G20) was synthesized and evaluated for anti-Candida activity. Methods: Growth-inhibition studies and medium acidification assays to assess the inhibition of the yeast plasma membrane H+-ATPase (Pma1p) were carried out in vitro using G20. A self-nanoemulsifying formulation (SNEP) of G20 was prepared and evaluated for antimycotic activity in a mouse model. Results: G20 inhibited the growth of C. albicans through a mechanism that, at least in part, involves the inhibition of Pma1p. The G20-SNEP formulation significantly reduced vaginal colonization and vaginal inflammation relative to yeast-infected but untreated control mice. Conclusion: G20-SNEP exhibits potent antimycotic activity in a mouse model of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyi Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Suvidha Menon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Richa Vartak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Radosław Gaida
- Wrocław University of Science & Technology, Wrocław, 50-370, Poland
| | | | - Ketankumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Blase Billack
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
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6
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New thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-fused pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones as potential thymidylate synthase inhibitors: Synthesis, SAR, in vitro and in silico study. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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7
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Yang Y, Liu X, Wang X, Lv W, Liu X, Ma L, Fu H, Song S, Lei X. Screening of protonstatin-1 (PS-1) analogs for improved inhibitors of plant plasma membrane H +-ATPase activity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:973471. [PMID: 36311099 PMCID: PMC9597486 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.973471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We previously identified protonstatin-1 (PS-1) as a selective inhibitor of plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PM H+-ATPase) activity and used it as a tool to validate the chemiosmotic model for polar auxin transport. Here, to obtain compounds with higher affinity than PS-1 for PM H+-ATPase, we synthesized 34 PS-1 analogs and examined their ability to inhibit PM H+-ATPase activity. The 34 analogs showed varying inhibitory effects on the activity of this enzyme. The strongest effect was observed for the small molecule PS-2, which was approximately five times stronger than PS-1. Compared to PS-1, PS-2 was also a stronger inhibitor of auxin uptake as well as acropetal and basipetal polar auxin transport in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Because PS-2 is a more potent inhibitor of PM H+-ATPase than PS-1, we believe that this compound could be used as a tool to study the functions of this key plant enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Yang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanjia Lv
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Ma
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqi Fu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Song
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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8
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Tung TT, Nielsen J. Drug Discovery and Development on Pma1, Where Are We Now? A Critical Review from 1995 to 2022. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200356. [PMID: 36094750 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plasma membrane H+ -ATPase (Pma1) is an enzyme uniquely found in plants and fungi. The enzyme controls the nutrient uptake of plants and fungi via an electrochemical gradient processes, which is essential for their survival. Inhibiting Pma1, therefore, constitutes an alternative antifungal target void of toxicity to humans. From a medicinal chemistry point of view, this review provides a first summary of the recent drug design, synthesis, evaluation, and discovery of molecules targeting Pma1 for 25 years from 1995 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong-Thanh Tung
- Faculty of Pharmacy, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Vietnam.,PHENIKAA Institute for Advanced Study (PIAS), PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Vietnam
| | - John Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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9
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Thakuria D, Khangembam VC, Pant V, Bhat RAH, Tandel RS, C. S, Pande A, Pandey PK. Anti-oomycete Activity of Chlorhexidine Gluconate: Molecular Docking and in vitro Studies. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:909570. [PMID: 35782554 PMCID: PMC9247576 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.909570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Saprolegniosis is one of the most catastrophic oomycete diseases of freshwater fish caused by the members of the genus Saprolegnia. The disease is responsible for huge economic losses in the aquaculture industry worldwide. Until 2002, Saprolegnia infections were effectively controlled by using malachite green. However, the drug has been banned for use in aquaculture due to its harmful effect. Therefore, it has become important to find an alternate and safe anti-oomycete agent that is effective against Saprolegnia. In this study, we investigated the anti-oomycete activity of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) against Saprolegnia. Before in vitro evaluation, molecular docking was carried out to explore the binding of CHG with vital proteins of Saprolegnia, such as S. parasitica host-targeting protein 1 (SpHtp1), plasma membrane ATPase, and TKL protein kinase. In silico studies revealed that CHG binds with these proteins via hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. In an in vitro study, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of CHG against S. parasitica were found to be 50 mg/L. Further, it was tested against S. australis, another species of Saprolegnia, and the MIC and MFC were found to be 100 and 200 mg/L, respectively. At 500 mg/L of CHG, there was complete inhibition of the radial growth of Saprolegnia hyphae. In propidium iodide (PI) uptake assay, CHG treated hyphae had bright red fluorescence of PI indicating the disruption of the cell membrane. The results of the present study indicated that CHG could effectively inhibit Saprolegnia and hence can be used for controlling Saprolegniasis in cultured fish.
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10
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Yang Y, Liu X, Guo W, Liu W, Shao W, Zhao J, Li J, Dong Q, Ma L, He Q, Li Y, Han J, Lei X. Testing the polar auxin transport model with a selective plasma membrane H + -ATPase inhibitor. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1229-1245. [PMID: 35352470 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is unique among plant hormones in that its function requires polarized transport across plant cells. A chemiosmotic model was proposed to explain how polar auxin transport is derived by the H+ gradient across the plasma membrane (PM) established by PM H+ -adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases). However, a classical genetic approach by mutations in PM H+ -ATPase members did not result in the ablation of polar auxin distribution, possibly due to functional redundancy in this gene family. To confirm the crucial role of PM H+ -ATPases in the polar auxin transport model, we employed a chemical genetic approach. Through a chemical screen, we identified protonstatin-1 (PS-1), a selective small-molecule inhibitor of PM H+ -ATPase activity that inhibits auxin transport. Assays with transgenic plants and yeast strains showed that the activity of PM H+ -ATPases affects auxin uptake as well as acropetal and basipetal polar auxin transport. We propose that PS-1 can be used as a tool to interrogate the function of PM H+ -ATPases. Our results support the chemiosmotic model in which PM H+ -ATPase itself plays a fundamental role in polar auxin transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Iomics Biosciences Inc., Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qun He
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingzhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianyong Han
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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11
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Casamayor A, Ariño J. When Phosphatases Go Mad: The Molecular Basis for Toxicity of Yeast Ppz1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084304. [PMID: 35457140 PMCID: PMC9029398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fact that overexpression of the yeast Ser/Thr protein phosphatase Ppz1 induces a dramatic halt in cell proliferation was known long ago, but only work in the last few years has provided insight into the molecular basis for this toxicity. Overexpression of Ppz1 causes abundant changes in gene expression and modifies the phosphorylation state of more than 150 proteins, including key signaling protein kinases such as Hog1 or Snf1. Diverse cellular processes are altered: halt in translation, failure to properly adapt to low glucose supply, acidification of the cytosol, or depletion of intracellular potassium content are a few examples. Therefore, the toxicity derived from an excess of Ppz1 appears to be multifactorial, the characteristic cell growth blockage thus arising from the combination of various altered processes. Notably, overexpression of the Ppz1 regulatory subunit Hal3 fully counteracts the toxic effects of the phosphatase, and this process involves intracellular relocation of the phosphatase to internal membranes.
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12
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A review on lactoferrin as a proton pump inhibitor. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:309-317. [PMID: 35038474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a versatile natural milk-derived protein that exhibits multiple interesting biological activities. Since it is safe for human administration and currently manufactured using low cost and well-established large-scale processes, the Lf scientific community has been devoted at dissecting its mechanisms of action towards its more rational and efficient use for various applications. Emerging literature has identified proton pumping ATPases as molecular targets of Lf in different cellular models linked to distinct activities of this natural protein. Information on this subject has not been systematically analysed before, hence herein we review the current state of art on the effect of Lf on proton pumping ATPases. Though structurally different, we propose that Lf holds a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-like activity based on the functional resemblance with the classical inhibitors of the stomach H+/K+-ATPase. The downstream events and outcomes of the PPI-like activity of Lf, as well as its impact for the development of improved Lf applications are also discussed.
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13
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Pablo P, Milagros M, Sebastián B, Valeria M, Cristina P. Inhibition of azole-resistant Candida albicans ATPase and oxidoreductase activity by a flavonoid from Dalea elegans. J Mycol Med 2022; 32:101247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2022.101247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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The Toxic Effects of Ppz1 Overexpression Involve Nha1-Mediated Deregulation of K + and H + Homeostasis. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7121010. [PMID: 34946993 PMCID: PMC8704375 DOI: 10.3390/jof7121010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The alteration of the fine-tuned balance of phospho/dephosphorylation reactions in the cell often results in functional disturbance. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the overexpression of Ser/Thr phosphatase Ppz1 drastically blocks cell proliferation, with a profound change in the transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic profiles. While the deleterious effect on growth likely derives from the alteration of multiple targets, the precise mechanisms are still obscure. Ppz1 is a negative effector of potassium influx. However, we show that the toxic effect of Ppz1 overexpression is unrelated to the Trk1/2 high-affinity potassium importers. Cells overexpressing Ppz1 exhibit decreased K+ content, increased cytosolic acidification, and fail to properly acidify the medium. These effects, as well as the growth defect, are counteracted by the deletion of NHA1 gene, which encodes a plasma membrane Na+, K+/H+ antiporter. The beneficial effect of a lack of Nha1 on the growth vanishes as the pH of the medium approaches neutrality, is not eliminated by the expression of two non-functional Nha1 variants (D145N or D177N), and is exacerbated by a hyperactive Nha1 version (S481A). All our results show that high levels of Ppz1 overactivate Nha1, leading to an excessive entry of H+ and efflux of K+, which is detrimental for growth.
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15
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Zhao P, Zhao C, Chen D, Yun C, Li H, Bai L. Structure and activation mechanism of the hexameric plasma membrane H +-ATPase. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6439. [PMID: 34750373 PMCID: PMC8575881 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The S. cerevisiae plasma membrane H+-ATPase, Pma1, is a P3A-type ATPase and the primary protein component of the membrane compartment of Pma1 (MCP). Like other plasma membrane H+-ATPases, Pma1 assembles and functions as a hexamer, a property unique to this subfamily among the larger family of P-type ATPases. It has been unclear how Pma1 organizes the yeast membrane into MCP microdomains, or why it is that Pma1 needs to assemble into a hexamer to establish the membrane electrochemical proton gradient. Here we report a high-resolution cryo-EM study of native Pma1 hexamers embedded in endogenous lipids. Remarkably, we found that the Pma1 hexamer encircles a liquid-crystalline membrane domain composed of 57 ordered lipid molecules. The Pma1-encircled lipid patch structure likely serves as the building block of the MCP. At pH 7.4, the carboxyl-terminal regulatory α-helix binds to the phosphorylation domains of two neighboring Pma1 subunits, locking the hexamer in the autoinhibited state. The regulatory helix becomes disordered at lower pH, leading to activation of the Pma1 hexamer. The activation process is accompanied by a 6.7 Å downward shift and a 40° rotation of transmembrane helices 1 and 2 that line the proton translocation path. The conformational changes have enabled us to propose a detailed mechanism for ATP-hydrolysis-driven proton pumping across the plasma membrane. Our structures will facilitate the development of antifungal drugs that target this essential protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoran Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Caihong Yun
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
| | - Lin Bai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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16
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Sanad SM, Mekky AE. New pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one hybrids linked to arene units: synthesis of potential MRSA, VRE, and COX-2 inhibitors. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2021-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we reported the tandem synthesis of two series of arene-linked pyrimidinone hybrids with related fused thieno[2,3-b]pyridine moiety. The target hybrids were prepared, in moderate to excellent yields, by the reaction of a ternary mixture of the appropriate of 3-aminothieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate, DMF-DMA, and a series of aryl amines in dioxane at 110 °C for 8 h. The antibacterial activity of the new hybrids was estimated against six susceptible ATCC strains. Hybrids 5g and 7g, linked to a sulfonamide unit, showed the best efficacy against S. aureus and E. faecalis strains with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1.7–1.8 μM, which exceed ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, some of new hybrids were examined as potential inhibitors of four different MRSA and VRE strains. Hybrids 5g and 7g demonstrated more potent efficacy than linezolid against MRSA strains with MIC values of 3.6/3.4 and 1.8/1.7 μM against ATCC:33591 and ATCC:43300 strains, respectively. The prior hybrids displayed a comparable efficacy with linezolid against VRE strains with MIC values of 7.3/6.9 and 3.6/3.4 μM against ATCC:51299 and ATCC:51575 strains, respectively. Additionally, some of the new hybrids were examined as potential COX-2 inhibitors using the reference celecoxib (IC50 of 0.117 µM). Hybrid 7g revealed more potent inhibitory efficacy than celecoxib with IC50 of 0.112 µM, whereas hybrid 5g showed almost inhibitory activity equivalent to celecoxib with IC50 of 0.121 µM. Molecular docking was performed to predict the possible binding interactions between hybrids 5g and 7g with the target COX-2 enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif M.H. Sanad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E.M. Mekky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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17
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Salsaa M, Aziz K, Lazcano P, Schmidtke MW, Tarsio M, Hüttemann M, Reynolds CA, Kane PM, Greenberg ML. Valproate activates the Snf1 kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by decreasing the cytosolic pH. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101110. [PMID: 34428448 PMCID: PMC8449051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproate (VPA) is a widely used mood stabilizer, but its therapeutic mechanism of action is not understood. This knowledge gap hinders the development of more effective drugs with fewer side effects. Using the yeast model to elucidate the effects of VPA on cellular metabolism, we determined that the drug upregulated expression of genes normally repressed during logarithmic growth on glucose medium and increased levels of activated (phosphorylated) Snf1 kinase, the major metabolic regulator of these genes. VPA also decreased the cytosolic pH (pHc) and reduced glycolytic production of 2/3-phosphoglycerate. ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were increased, and glucose-mediated extracellular acidification decreased in the presence of the drug, as indicated by a smaller glucose-induced shift in pH, suggesting that the major P-type proton pump Pma1 was inhibited. Interestingly, decreasing the pHc by omeprazole-mediated inhibition of Pma1 led to Snf1 activation. We propose a model whereby VPA lowers the pHc causing a decrease in glycolytic flux. In response, Pma1 is inhibited and Snf1 is activated, resulting in increased expression of normally repressed metabolic genes. These findings suggest a central role for pHc in regulating the metabolic program of yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Salsaa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Kerestin Aziz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Pablo Lazcano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael W Schmidtke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Maureen Tarsio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Christian A Reynolds
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Patricia M Kane
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Miriam L Greenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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18
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Mohamed Teleb MA, Mekky AEM, Sanad SMH. 3‐Aminothieno
[2,3‐
b
]pyridine‐2‐carboxylate: Effective precursor for microwave‐assisted three components synthesis of new pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2‐
d
]pyrimidin‐4(
3
H
)‐one hybrids. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed E. M. Mekky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
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19
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Belperain S, Kang ZY, Dunphy A, Priebe B, Chiu NHL, Jia Z. Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Cellular Uptake Mechanism of Carbon Nanodots in in Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1247. [PMID: 34068511 PMCID: PMC8151002 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become an increasingly important topic in the field of medical research due to the steadily increasing rates of mortality caused by this disease. With recent advancements in nanotechnology, a push for new, novel treatments for CVD utilizing these new materials has begun. Carbon Nanodots (CNDs), are a new form of nanoparticles that have been coveted due to the green synthesis method, biocompatibility, fluorescent capabilities and potential anti-antioxidant properties. With much research pouring into CNDs being used as bioimaging and drug delivery tools, few studies have been completed on their anti-inflammatory potential, especially in the cardiovascular system. CVD begins initially by endothelial cell inflammation. The cause of this inflammation can come from many sources; one being tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), which can not only trigger inflammation but prolong its existence by causing a storm of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study investigated the ability of CNDs to attenuate TNF-α induced inflammation in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). Results show that CNDs at non-cytotoxic concentrations reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, mainly Interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β). The uptake of CNDs by HMEC-1s was examined. Results from the studies involving channel blockers and endocytosis disruptors suggest that uptake takes place by endocytosis. These findings provide insights on the interaction CNDs and endothelial cells undergoing TNF-α induced cellular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Belperain
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (S.B.); (Z.Y.K.); (A.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Zi Yae Kang
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (S.B.); (Z.Y.K.); (A.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Andrew Dunphy
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (S.B.); (Z.Y.K.); (A.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Brandon Priebe
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (S.B.); (Z.Y.K.); (A.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Norman H. L. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA;
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (S.B.); (Z.Y.K.); (A.D.); (B.P.)
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20
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Dunphy A, Patel K, Belperain S, Pennington A, Chiu NHL, Yin Z, Zhu X, Priebe B, Tian S, Wei J, Yi X, Jia Z. Modulation of Macrophage Polarization by Carbon Nanodots and Elucidation of Carbon Nanodot Uptake Routes in Macrophages. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1116. [PMID: 33925858 PMCID: PMC8145848 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis represents an ever-present global concern, as it is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease and an immense public welfare issue. Macrophages play a key role in the onset of the disease state and are popular targets in vascular research and therapeutic treatment. Carbon nanodots (CNDs) represent a type of carbon-based nanomaterial and have garnered attention in recent years for potential in biomedical applications. This investigation serves as a foremost attempt at characterizing the interplay between macrophages and CNDs. We have employed THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages as our target cell line representing primary macrophages in the human body. Our results showcase that CNDs are non-toxic at a variety of doses. THP-1 monocytes were differentiated into macrophages by treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and co-treatment with 0.1 mg/mL CNDs. This co-treatment significantly increased the expression of CD 206 and CD 68 (key receptors involved in phagocytosis) and increased the expression of CCL2 (a monocyte chemoattractant and pro-inflammatory cytokine). The phagocytic activity of THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages co-treated with 0.1 mg/mL CNDs also showed a significant increase. Furthermore, this study also examined potential entrance routes of CNDs into macrophages. We have demonstrated an inhibition in the uptake of CNDs in macrophages treated with nocodazole (microtubule disruptor), N-phenylanthranilic acid (chloride channel blocker), and mercury chloride (aquaporin channel inhibitor). Collectively, this research provides evidence that CNDs cause functional changes in macrophages and indicates a variety of potential entrance routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dunphy
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro 312 Eberhart Building, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27402-617, USA; (A.D.); (K.P.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Kamal Patel
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro 312 Eberhart Building, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27402-617, USA; (A.D.); (K.P.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Sarah Belperain
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro 312 Eberhart Building, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27402-617, USA; (A.D.); (K.P.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Aubrey Pennington
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro 312 Eberhart Building, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27402-617, USA; (A.D.); (K.P.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Norman H. L. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA;
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (Z.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Ziyu Yin
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (Z.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA;
| | - Brandon Priebe
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro 312 Eberhart Building, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27402-617, USA; (A.D.); (K.P.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Shaomin Tian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Jianjun Wei
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (Z.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Xianwen Yi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro 312 Eberhart Building, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27402-617, USA; (A.D.); (K.P.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (B.P.)
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21
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Sun L, Liao K. The Effect of Honokiol on Ergosterol Biosynthesis and Vacuole Function in Candida albicans. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1835-1842. [PMID: 33263334 PMCID: PMC9728367 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2008.08019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ergosterol, an essential constituent of membrane lipids of yeast, is distributed in both the cell membrane and intracellular endomembrane components such as vacuoles. Honokiol, a major polyphenol isolated from Magnolia officinalis, has been shown to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. Here, we assessed the effect of honokiol on ergosterol biosynthesis and vacuole function in C. albicans. Honokiol could decrease the ergosterol content and upregulate the expression of genes related with the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. The exogenous supply of ergosterol attenuated the toxicity of honokiol against C. albicans. Honokiol treatment could induce cytosolic acidification by blocking the activity of the plasma membrane Pma1p H+-ATPase. Furthermore, honokiol caused abnormalities in vacuole morphology and function. Concomitant ergosterol feeding to some extent restored the vacuolar morphology and the function of acidification in cells treated by honokiol. Honokiol also disrupted the intracellular calcium homeostasis. Amiodarone attenuated the antifungal effects of honokiol against C. albicans, probably due to the activation of the calcineurin signaling pathway which is involved in honokiol tolerance. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that honokiol could inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis and decrease Pma 1p H+-ATPase activity, which resulted in the abnormal pH in vacuole and cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmei Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 20009, P.R. China,Corresponding authors L.Sun Phone: +86-25-83272525 E-mail:
| | - Kai Liao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 10009, P.R. China,K.Liao E-mail:
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22
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Dias LP, Santos ALE, Araújo NMS, Silva RRS, Santos MHC, Roma RR, Rocha BAM, Oliveira JTA, Teixeira CS. Machaerium acutifolium lectin alters membrane structure and induces ROS production in Candida parapsilosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:19-25. [PMID: 32599250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are a group of widely distributed and structurally heterogeneous proteins of nonimmune origin. These proteins have the ability to interact with glycans present on cell surfaces and elicit diverse biological activities. Machaerium acutifolium lectin (MaL) is an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-binding lectin that exhibits antinociceptive activity via transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1). Lectins that have the ability to recognize and interact with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues are potential candidates for studies of fungicidal activity. In this work, we show that MaL has antifungal activity against Candida species, and we describe its mode of action towards Candida parapsilosis. MaL inhibited the growth of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. However, MaL was more potent against C. parapsilosis. The candidacidal mode of action of MaL on C. parapsilosis involves enhanced cell permeabilization, alteration of the plasma membrane proton-pumping ATPase function (H+-ATPase), induction of oxidative stress, and DNA damage. MaL also exhibited antibiofilm activity and noncytotoxicity to Vero cells. These results indicate that MaL is a promising candidate for the future development of a new, natural, and safe drug for the treatment of infections caused by C. parapsilosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas P Dias
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana L E Santos
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Nadine M S Araújo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Romério R S Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maria H C Santos
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Renato R Roma
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Bruno A M Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jose T A Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Claudener S Teixeira
- Instituto de Formação de Educadores, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Brejo Santo, Ceará, Brazil.
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23
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Sirakanyan SN, Kartsev VG, Geronikaki A, Spinelli D, Petrou A, Hakobyan EK, Glamoclija J, Ivanov M, Sokovic M, Hovakimyan AA. Synthesis and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Molecular Docking of New N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylacetamides of Condensed Pyrido[3',2':4,5] furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidines. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:2192-2209. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200628145308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background:
From the literature it is known that many derivatives of fused thienopyrimidines
and furopyrimidines possess broad spectrum of biological activity.
Objectives:
The current studies describe the synthesis and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some
new N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylacetamides of pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidines.
Methods:
By cyclocondensation of ethyl 1-aminofuro(thieno)[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylates 1with formamide
were converted to the pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7(8)-ones 2.Alkylation of
compound 2 with 2-chloro-N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylacetamide led to the aimed N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylaceta-mides of
pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidines 3. Starting from compound 2 the relevant S-alkylated derivatives
of pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidines 6 were also synthesized.
Results:
All the compounds showed antibacterial activity to non-resistant strains. Compounds 3a-3m
showed antibacterial activity with MIC/MBC at 0.08-2.31 mg/mL/0.11-3.75 mg/mL .The two most active
compounds, 3j and 6b, appeared to be more active towards MRSA than the reference drugs. Half of the
tested compounds appeared to be equipotent/more potent than ketoconazole and more potent than bifonazole.
The docking analysis provided useful information about the interactions occurring between the tested
compounds and the different enzymes.
Conclusion:
Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and fungi showed different response towards
tested compounds, indicating that different substituents may lead to different modes of action or that the
metabolism of some bacteria/fungi was better able to overcome the effect of the compounds or adapt to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel N. Sirakanyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of RA, 26 Azatutian Ave., Yerevan 0014, Armenia
| | | | - Athina Geronikaki
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Domenico Spinelli
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum- Universita di Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Anthi Petrou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Elmira K. Hakobyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of RA, 26 Azatutian Ave., Yerevan 0014, Armenia
| | - Jasmina Glamoclija
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Sinisa Stankovic, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Manija Ivanov
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Sinisa Stankovic, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Sokovic
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Sinisa Stankovic, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anush A. Hovakimyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Science of RA, 26 Azatutian Ave., Yerevan 0014, Armenia
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24
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Zhgun A, Dumina M, Valiakhmetov A, Eldarov M. The critical role of plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity in cephalosporin C biosynthesis of Acremonium chrysogenum. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238452. [PMID: 32866191 PMCID: PMC7458343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The filamentous fungus Acremonium chrysogenum is the main industrial producer of cephalosporin C (CPC), one of the major precursors for manufacturing of cephalosporin antibiotics. The plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PMA) plays a key role in numerous fungal physiological processes. Previously we observed a decrease of PMA activity in A. chrysogenum overproducing strain RNCM 408D (HY) as compared to the level the wild-type strain A. chrysogenum ATCC 11550. Here we report the relationship between PMA activity and CPC biosynthesis in A. chrysogenum strains. The elevation of PMA activity in HY strain through overexpression of PMA1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, under the control of the constitutive gpdA promoter from Aspergillus nidulans, results in a 1.2 to 10-fold decrease in CPC production, shift in beta-lactam intermediates content, and is accompanied by the decrease in cef genes expression in the fermentation process; the characteristic colony morphology on agar media is also changed. The level of PMA activity in A. chrysogenum HY OE::PMA1 strains has been increased by 50–100%, up to the level observed in WT strain, and was interrelated with ATP consumption; the more PMA activity is elevated, the more ATP level is depleted. The reduced PMA activity in A. chrysogenum HY strain may be one of the selected events during classical strain improvement, aimed at elevating the ATP content available for CPC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zhgun
- Research Center of Biotechnology RAS, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariya Dumina
- Research Center of Biotechnology RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ayrat Valiakhmetov
- Skryabin Institute of Biophysics and Physiology of Microorganisms, RAS, Pushchino, Russia
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25
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Hou J, Daniels PN, Burke MD. Small Molecule Channels Harness Membrane Potential to Concentrate Potassium in trk1Δtrk2Δ Yeast. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:1575-1580. [PMID: 32427463 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many protein ion channels harness membrane potential to move ions in opposition to their chemical gradient. Deficiencies of such proteins cause several human diseases, including cystic fibrosis, Bartter Syndrome, and proximal renal tubular acidosis. Using yeast as a eukaryotic model system, we asked whether, in the context of a protein ion channel deficiency in vivo, small molecule channels could similarly harness membrane potential to concentrate ions. Trk potassium transporters use membrane potential to move potassium from a relatively low concentration outside cells (∼15 mM) to one of >10× higher inside (150-500 mM); trk1Δtrk2Δ are unable to concentrate potassium or grow in standard media. Here we show that potassium-permeable, but not potassium-selective, small-molecule ion channels formed by amphotericin B can harness membrane potential to concentrate potassium and thereby restore trk1Δtrk2Δ growth. This finding expands the list of potential human channelopathies that might be addressed by a molecular prosthetics approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hou
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Page N. Daniels
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Martin D. Burke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, 807 South Wright Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Dr., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 405 North Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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26
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Marchesini M, Gherli A, Montanaro A, Patrizi L, Sorrentino C, Pagliaro L, Rompietti C, Kitara S, Heit S, Olesen CE, Møller JV, Savi M, Bocchi L, Vilella R, Rizzi F, Baglione M, Rastelli G, Loiacono C, La Starza R, Mecucci C, Stegmaier K, Aversa F, Stilli D, Lund Winther AM, Sportoletti P, Bublitz M, Dalby-Brown W, Roti G. Blockade of Oncogenic NOTCH1 with the SERCA Inhibitor CAD204520 in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:678-697.e13. [PMID: 32386594 PMCID: PMC7305996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The identification of SERCA (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase) as a target for modulating gain-of-function NOTCH1 mutations in Notch-dependent cancers has spurred the development of this compound class for cancer therapeutics. Despite the innate toxicity challenge associated with SERCA inhibition, we identified CAD204520, a small molecule with better drug-like properties and reduced off-target Ca2+ toxicity compared with the SERCA inhibitor thapsigargin. In this work, we describe the properties and complex structure of CAD204520 and show that CAD204520 preferentially targets mutated over wild-type NOTCH1 proteins in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Uniquely among SERCA inhibitors, CAD204520 suppresses NOTCH1-mutated leukemic cells in a T-ALL xenografted model without causing cardiac toxicity. This study supports the development of SERCA inhibitors for Notch-dependent cancers and extends their application to cases with isolated mutations in the PEST degradation domain of NOTCH1, such as MCL or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Molecular Structure
- Mutation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- Receptor, Notch1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Marchesini
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Andrea Gherli
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Anna Montanaro
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Laura Patrizi
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Claudia Sorrentino
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Luca Pagliaro
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Chiara Rompietti
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Samuel Kitara
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sabine Heit
- University of Oxford, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Claus E Olesen
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jesper V Møller
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Monia Savi
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bocchi
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Rocchina Vilella
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Federica Rizzi
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy; INBB - Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute, Rome 00136, Italy
| | - Marilena Baglione
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Giorgia Rastelli
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Caterina Loiacono
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Roberta La Starza
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Cristina Mecucci
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Franco Aversa
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Donatella Stilli
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma 43124, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Sportoletti
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Maike Bublitz
- University of Oxford, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | | | - Giovanni Roti
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy.
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27
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Sirakanyan SN, Hakobyan EK, Hovakimyan AA. Synthesis and Azido-Tetrazole Tautomerism of New Methylsulfanyl Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428019120054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Synthesis, Antitumor Activity, and Docking Analysis of New Pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2- d]pyrimidin-8-amines. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213952. [PMID: 31683699 PMCID: PMC6864781 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuing our research in the field of new heterocyclic compounds, herein we report on the synthesis and antitumor activity of new amino derivatives of pyrido[3',2':4,5](furo)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines as well as of two new heterocyclic systems: furo[2-e]imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidine and furo[2,3-e]pyrimido[1,2-c]pyrimidine. Thus, by refluxing the 8-chloro derivatives of pyrido[3',2':4,5]thieno(furo)[3,2-d]pyrimidines with various amines, the relevant pyrido[3',2':4,5]thieno(furo)[3,2-d]pyrimidin-8-amines were obtained. Further, the cyclization of some amines under the action of phosphorus oxychloride led to the formation of new heterorings: imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidine and pyrimido[1,2-c]pyrimidine. The possible antitumor activity of the newly synthesized compounds was evaluated in vitro. The biological tests evidenced that some of them showed pronounced antitumor activity. A study of the structure-activity relationships revealed that the compound activity depended mostly on the nature of the amine fragments. A docking analysis was also performed for the most active compounds.
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29
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Trunk K, Coulthurst SJ, Quinn J. A New Front in Microbial Warfare-Delivery of Antifungal Effectors by the Type VI Secretion System. J Fungi (Basel) 2019; 5:jof5020050. [PMID: 31197124 PMCID: PMC6617251 DOI: 10.3390/jof5020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes typically exist in mixed communities and display complex synergistic and antagonistic interactions. The Type VI secretion system (T6SS) is widespread in Gram-negative bacteria and represents a contractile nano-machine that can fire effector proteins directly into neighbouring cells. The primary role assigned to the T6SS is to function as a potent weapon during inter-bacterial competition, delivering antibacterial effectors into rival bacterial cells. However, it has recently emerged that the T6SS can also be used as a powerful weapon against fungal competitors, and the first fungal-specific T6SS effector proteins, Tfe1 and Tfe2, have been identified. These effectors act via distinct mechanisms against a variety of fungal species to cause cell death. Tfe1 intoxication triggers plasma membrane depolarisation, whilst Tfe2 disrupts nutrient uptake and induces autophagy. Based on the frequent coexistence of bacteria and fungi in microbial communities, we propose that T6SS-dependent antifungal activity is likely to be widespread and elicited by a suite of antifungal effectors. Supporting this hypothesis, homologues of Tfe1 and Tfe2 are found in other bacterial species, and a number of T6SS-elaborating species have been demonstrated to interact with fungi. Thus, we envisage that antifungal T6SS will shape many polymicrobial communities, including the human microbiota and disease-causing infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Trunk
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Sarah J Coulthurst
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
| | - Janet Quinn
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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30
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Periplanetasin-4, a novel antimicrobial peptide from the cockroach, inhibits communications between mitochondria and vacuoles. Biochem J 2019; 476:1267-1284. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Communications between various organelle–organelles play an essential role in cell survival. The cross-talk between mitochondria and vacuoles comes up with the vital roles of the intercompartmental process. In this study, we found a couple of cell death features, membrane damage, and apoptosis using antimicrobial peptide from American Cockroach. Periplanetasin-4 (LRHKVYGYCVLGP-NH2) is a 13-mer peptide derived from Periplaneta americana and exhibits phosphatidylserine exposure and caspase activation without DNA fragmentation. Apoptotic features without DNA damage provide evidence that this peptide did not interact with DNA directly and exhibited dysfunction of mitochondria and vacuoles. Superoxide radicals were generated from mitochondria and converted to hydrogen peroxide. Despite the enhancement of catalase and total glutathione contents, oxidative damage disrupted intracellular contents. Periplanetasin-4 induced cell death associated with the production of superoxide radicals, calcium uptake in mitochondria and disorder of vacuoles, such as increased permeability and alkalization. While calcium movement from vacuoles to the mitochondria occurred, the cross-talk with these organelles proceeded and the inherent functionality was impaired. To sum up, periplanetasin-4 stimulates superoxide signal along with undermining the mitochondrial functions and interfering in communication with vacuoles.
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31
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Sirakanyan SN, Spinelli D, Geronikaki A, Kartsev VG, Hakobyan EK, Hovakimyan AA. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new derivatives of pyrano[4'',3'':4',5']pyrido[3',2':4,5]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine and new heterocyclic systems. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1595659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samvel N. Sirakanyan
- Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Domenico Spinelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Elmira K. Hakobyan
- Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Anush A. Hovakimyan
- Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of A.L.Mnjoyan, Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
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32
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Programmed cell death in yeast by thionin-like peptide from Capsicum annuum fruits involving activation of caspases and extracellular H + flux. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180119. [PMID: 29599127 PMCID: PMC5920138 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CaThi is a thionin-like peptide isolated from fruits of Capsicum annuum, which has strong antimicrobial activity against bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi, and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in fungi. ROS are molecules that appear in the early stages of programmed cell death or apoptosis in fungi. Due to this fact, in this work we analyzed some events that may be related to process of apoptosis on yeast induced by CaThi. To investigate this possibility, we evaluated phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, presence of active caspases and the ability of CaThi to bind to DNA in Candida tropicalis cells. Additionally, we investigated mitochondrial membrane potential, cell surface pH, and extracellular H+ fluxes in C. tropicalis cells after treatment with CaThi. Our results showed that CaThi induced PS externalization in the outer leaflet of the cell membrane, activation of caspases, and it had the ability for DNA binding and to dissipate mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, the cell surface pH increased significantly when the C. tropicalis cells were exposed to CaThi which corroborates with ~96% inhibition on extracellular H+ efflux. Taking together, these data suggest that this peptide is capable of promoting an imbalance in pH homeostasis during yeast cell death playing a modulatory role in the H+ transport systems. In conclusion, our results strongly indicated that CaThi triggers apoptosis in C. tropicalis cells, involving a pH signaling mechanism.
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33
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Novel Zinc-Attenuating Compounds as Potent Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Agents with In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.02024-17. [PMID: 29439980 PMCID: PMC5923171 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02024-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in the incidence of rare but hard-to-treat invasive fungal pathogens as well as resistance to the currently available antifungal drugs calls for new broad-spectrum antifungals with a novel mechanism of action. Here we report the identification and characterization of two novel zinc-attenuating compounds, ZAC307 and ZAC989, which exhibit broad-spectrum in vitro antifungal activity and in vivo efficacy in a fungal kidney burden candidiasis model. The compounds were identified serendipitously as part of a drug discovery process aimed at finding novel inhibitors of the fungal plasma membrane proton ATPase Pma1. Based on their structure, we hypothesized that they might act as zinc chelators. Indeed, both fluorescence-based affinity determination and potentiometric assays revealed these compounds, subsequently termed zinc-attenuating compounds (ZACs), to have strong affinity for zinc, and their growth inhibitory effects on Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus could be inactivated by the addition of exogenous zinc to fungal growth media. We determined the ZACs to be fungistatic, with a low propensity for resistance development. Gene expression analysis suggested that the ZACs interfere negatively with the expression of genes encoding the major components of the A. fumigatus zinc uptake system, thus supporting perturbance of zinc homeostasis as the likely mode of action. With demonstrated in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity, low propensity for resistance development, and a novel mode of action, the ZACs represent a promising new class of antifungal compounds, and their advancement in a drug development program is therefore warranted.
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34
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Ottilie S, Goldgof GM, Cheung AL, Walker JL, Vigil E, Allen KE, Antonova-Koch Y, Slayman CW, Suzuki Y, Durrant JD. Two inhibitors of yeast plasma membrane ATPase 1 (ScPma1p): toward the development of novel antifungal therapies. J Cheminform 2018; 10:6. [PMID: 29464421 PMCID: PMC5820243 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-018-0261-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that many antifungal medications are susceptible to evolved resistance, there is a need for novel drugs with unique mechanisms of action. Inhibiting the essential proton pump Pma1p, a P-type ATPase, is a potentially effective therapeutic approach that is orthogonal to existing treatments. We identify NSC11668 and hitachimycin as structurally distinct antifungals that inhibit yeast ScPma1p. These compounds provide new opportunities for drug discovery aimed at this important target.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Ottilie
- Division of Host Pathogen Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Gregory M Goldgof
- Division of Host Pathogen Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Andrea L Cheung
- Division of Host Pathogen Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jennifer L Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Edgar Vigil
- Division of Host Pathogen Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kenneth E Allen
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yevgeniya Antonova-Koch
- Division of Host Pathogen Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Carolyn W Slayman
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yo Suzuki
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jacob D Durrant
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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35
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Bublitz M, Kjellerup L, Cohrt KO, Gordon S, Mortensen AL, Clausen JD, Pallin TD, Hansen JB, Fuglsang AT, Dalby-Brown W, Winther AML. Tetrahydrocarbazoles are a novel class of potent P-type ATPase inhibitors with antifungal activity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0188620. [PMID: 29293507 PMCID: PMC5749684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified a series of tetrahydrocarbazoles as novel P-type ATPase inhibitors. Using a set of rationally designed analogues, we have analyzed their structure-activity relationship using functional assays, crystallographic data and computational modeling. We found that tetrahydrocarbazoles inhibit adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis of the fungal H+-ATPase, depolarize the fungal plasma membrane and exhibit broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Comparative inhibition studies indicate that many tetrahydrocarbazoles also inhibit the mammalian Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and Na+,K+-ATPase with an even higher potency than Pma1. We have located the binding site for this compound class by crystallographic structure determination of a SERCA-tetrahydrocarbazole complex to 3.0 Å resolution, finding that the compound binds to a region above the ion inlet channel of the ATPase. A homology model of the Candida albicans H+-ATPase based on this crystal structure, indicates that the compounds could bind to the same pocket and identifies pocket extensions that could be exploited for selectivity enhancement. The results of this study will aid further optimization towards selective H+-ATPase inhibitors as a new class of antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Bublitz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lasse Kjellerup
- Pcovery, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anja Thoe Fuglsang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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36
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Tung TT, Dao TT, Junyent MG, Palmgren M, Günther-Pomorski T, Fuglsang AT, Christensen SB, Nielsen J. LEGO-Inspired Drug Design: Unveiling a Class of Benzo[d]thiazoles Containing a 3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl Moiety as Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2017; 13:37-47. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Truong-Thanh Tung
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Trong T. Dao
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Marta G. Junyent
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Thomas Günther-Pomorski
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Anja T. Fuglsang
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Søren B. Christensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - John Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
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