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Li G, Li X, Hu J, Pan Y, Ma Z, Zhang L, Xiong W, Zeng D, Zeng Z. Molecular epidemiology and transmission of rmtB-positive Escherichia coli among ducks and environment. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102579. [PMID: 36913759 PMCID: PMC10023955 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the transmission and molecular epidemiological characteristics of the rmtB gene in Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains isolated from duck farms in Guangdong Province of China from 2018 to 2021. A total of 164 (19.4%, 164/844) rmtB-positive E. coli strains were recovered from feces, viscera, and environment. We performed antibiotic susceptibility tests, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and conjugation experiments. We obtained the genetic context of 46 rmtB-carrying E. coli isolates and constructed a phylogenetic tree via whole genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatic analysis. The isolation rate of rmtB-carrying E. coli isolates in duck farms increased yearly from 2018 to 2020 but decreased in 2021. All rmtB-harboring E. coli strains were multidrug resistant (MDR), and 99.4% of the strains were resistant to more than 10 drugs. Surprisingly, duck- and environment-associated strains similarly showed high MDR. Conjugation experiments revealed that the rmtB gene horizontally cocarried blaCTX-M and blaTEM gene dissemination via IncFII plasmids. Insertion sequences IS26, ISCR1, and ISCR3 were closely associated with the spread of rmtB-harboring E. coli isolates. WGS analysis indicated that ST48 was the most prevalent sequence type. The results of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences revealed potential clonal transmission between ducks and the environment. Based on One Health principles, we need to strictly use veterinary antibiotics, monitor the distribution of MDR strains, and evaluate the impact of plasmid-mediated rmtB gene on human, animal, and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoshen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianxin Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenbao Ma
- Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Center of Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lingxuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenguang Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dongping Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenling Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Epidemiology of Plasmid Lineages Mediating the Spread of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases among Clinical Escherichia coli. mSystems 2022; 7:e0051922. [PMID: 35993734 PMCID: PMC9601178 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00519-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli has been increasing, with this spread driven by ESBL-encoding plasmids. However, the epidemiology of ESBL-disseminating plasmids remains understudied, obscuring the roles of individual plasmid lineages in ESBL spread. To address this, we performed an in-depth genomic investigation of 149 clinical ESBL-like E. coli isolates from a tertiary care hospital. We obtained high-quality assemblies for 446 plasmids, revealing an extensive map of plasmid sharing that crosses time, space, and bacterial sequence type boundaries. Through a sequence-based network, we identified specific plasmid lineages that are responsible for the dissemination of major ESBLs. Notably, we demonstrate that IncF plasmids separate into 2 distinct lineages that are enriched for different ESBLs and occupy distinct host ranges. Our work provides a detailed picture of plasmid-mediated spread of ESBLs, demonstrating the extensive sequence diversity within identified lineages, while highlighting the genetic elements that underlie the persistence of these plasmids within the clinical E. coli population. IMPORTANCE The increasing incidence of nosocomial infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli represents a significant threat to public health, given the limited treatment options available for such infections. The rapid ESBL spread is suggested to be driven by localization of the resistance genes on conjugative plasmids. Here, we identify the contributions of different plasmid lineages in the nosocomial spread of ESBLs. We provide further support for plasmid-mediated spread of ESBLs but demonstrate that some ESBL genes rely on dissemination through plasmids more than the others. We identify key plasmid lineages that are enriched in major ESBL genes and highlight the encoded genetic elements that facilitate the transmission and stable maintenance of these plasmid groups within the clinical E. coli population. Overall, our work provides valuable insight into the dissemination of ESBLs through plasmids, furthering our understating of factors underlying the increased prevalence of these genes in nosocomial settings.
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Genomic Characterization of Salmonella Typhimurium Isolated from Guinea Pigs with Salmonellosis in Lima, Peru. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091726. [PMID: 36144328 PMCID: PMC9503038 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that infect humans globally. The gastrointestinal tracts of animals like pigs, poultry or cattle are the main reservoirs of Salmonella serotypes. Guinea pig meat is an important protein source for Andean countries, but this animal is commonly infected by S. Typhimurium, producing high mortality rates and generating economic losses. Despite its impact on human health, food security, and economy, there is no genomic information about the S. Typhimurium responsible for the guinea pig infections in Peru. Here, we sequence and characterize 11 S. Typhimurium genomes isolated from guinea pigs from four farms in Lima-Peru. We were able to identify two genetic clusters (HC100_9460 and HC100_9757) distinguishable at the H100 level of the Hierarchical Clustering of Core Genome Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (HierCC-cgMLST) scheme with an average of 608 SNPs of distance. All sequences belonged to sequence type 19 (ST19) and HC100_9460 isolates were typed in silico as monophasic variants (1,4,[5],12:i:-) lacking the fljA and fljB genes. Phylogenomic analysis showed that human isolates from Peru were located within the same genetic clusters as guinea pig isolates, suggesting that these lineages can infect both hosts. We identified a genetic antimicrobial resistance cassette carrying the ant(3)-Ia, dfrA15, qacE, and sul1 genes associated with transposons TnAs3 and IS21 within an IncI1 plasmid in one guinea pig isolate, while antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) for β-lactam (blaCTX-M-65) and colistin (mcr-1) resistance were detected in Peruvian human-derived isolates. The presence of a virulence plasmid highly similar to the pSLT plasmid (LT2 reference strain) containing the spvRABCD operon was found in all guinea pig isolates. Finally, seven phage sequences (STGP_Φ1 to STGP_Φ7) were identified in guinea pig isolates, distributed according to the genetic lineage (H50 clusters level) and forming part of the specific gene content of each cluster. This study presents, for the first time, the genomic characteristics of S. Typhimurium isolated from guinea pigs in South America, showing particular diversity and genetic elements (plasmids and prophages) that require special attention and also broader studies in different periods of time and locations to determine their impact on human health.
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Fine-Scale Reconstruction of the Evolution of FII-33 Multidrug Resistance Plasmids Enables High-Resolution Genomic Surveillance. mSystems 2022; 7:e0083121. [PMID: 35040701 PMCID: PMC8765060 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00831-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined 185 complete, publicly available FII-33 plasmid sequences, characterizing their backbone and various insertions. The variable characteristic insertions facilitated evolutionary reconstruction for this plasmid group, beginning with the acquisition of a primary resistance region (PRR) over 10 years ago. FII-33 plasmids have evolved by acquiring additional resistance genes in the PRR via translocatable elements and by forming cointegrates with plasmids of other types. In all cases, IS26 is suspected to have mediated cointegration. Plasmid cointegration has contributed to the accumulation of resistance genes and may have increased the transmissibility, stability, and host range of the original FII-33 lineage. A particularly important sublineage was formed by a replicative IS26 cointegration event that fused an FII-33 plasmid with a blaKPC-2-containing R-type plasmid, interrupting the FII-33 traI gene encoding the conjugative relaxase. The FII-33:R cointegrate arose in the Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 clone and remains largely confined there due to the abolition of transfer ability by the FII-33:R cointegration event. However, in some cases FII-33:R cointegrates have fused with additional plasmids and acquired complete transfer regions or oriT sequences that might restore their ability to transfer horizontally. Cointegration events across FII-33 plasmid sublineages have involved plasmids of at least 15 different types. This suggests that plasmid cointegration occurs readily and is more common than previously appreciated, raising questions about the effects of cointegrate formation on plasmid host range, stability, and capacity for horizontal transfer. Resources are provided for detecting and characterizing FII-33 plasmid sublineages from complete or draft genome sequences. IMPORTANCE Effective genomic surveillance of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens must consider plasmids, which are frequently implicated in the accumulation and transfer of resistance genes between bacterial strains or species. However, the evolution of plasmids is complex, and simple typing or comparison tools cannot accurately determine whether plasmids belong to the same sublineages. This precludes precise tracking of plasmid movement in bacterial populations. We have examined the FII-33 group, which has been associated with multidrug resistance and particularly carbapenem resistance in clinically significant members of the Enterobacterales in China. Our analysis has provided insight into the evolution of this important plasmid group, allowing us to develop resources for rapidly typing them to the sublineage level in complete or draft genome sequences. Our approach will improve detection and characterization of FII-33 plasmids and facilitate surveillance within and outside China. The approach can serve as a model for similar studies of other plasmid types.
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Jarocki VM, Heß S, Anantanawat K, Berendonk TU, Djordjevic SP. Multidrug-Resistant Lineage of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ST182 With Serotype O169:H41 in Airline Waste. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:731050. [PMID: 34557175 PMCID: PMC8454413 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.731050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the primary aetiologic agent of traveller’s diarrhoea and a significant cause of diarrhoeal disease and death in developing countries. ETEC O169:H41 strains are known to cause both traveller’s diarrhoea and foodborne outbreaks in developed countries and are cause for concern. Here, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to assemble 46 O169:H41 (ST182) E. coli draft genomes derived from two airplane waste samples sourced from a German international airport. The ST182 genomes were compared with all 84 publicly available, geographically diverse ST182 genomes to construct a core genome-based phylogenetic tree. ST182 isolates were all phylogroup E, the majority serotype O169:H41 (n = 121, 93%) and formed five major clades. The airplane waste isolates differed by an average of 15 core SNPs (range 0–45) but their accessory genome content was diverse. While uncommon in other ST182 genomes, all airplane-derived ST182 isolates carried: (i) extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene blaCTX–M–15 notably lacking the typical adjacent ISEcp1; (ii) qnrS1 and the S83L mutation in gyrA, both conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones; and (iii) a class 1 integron structure (IS26-intI1Δ648-dfrA17-aadA5-qacEΔ1-sul1-ORF-srpC-padR-IS6100-mphR-mrx-mphA-IS26) identified previously in major extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli STs but not in ETEC. ST182 isolates carried ETEC-specific virulence factors STp + CS6. Adhesin/invasin tia was identified in 89% of aircraft ST182 isolates (vs 23%) and was located on a putative genomic island within a hotspot region for various insertions including PAI I536 and plasmid-associated transposons. The most common plasmid replicons in this collection were IncFII (100%; F2:A-:B-) and IncB/O/K/Z (89%). Our data suggest that potentially through travel, E. coli ST182 are evolving a multidrug-resistant profile through the acquisition of class 1 integrons and different plasmids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica M Jarocki
- iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stefanie Heß
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kay Anantanawat
- iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas U Berendonk
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Kim JW, Bugata V, Cortés-Cortés G, Quevedo-Martínez G, Camps M. Mechanisms of Theta Plasmid Replication in Enterobacteria and Implications for Adaptation to Its Host. EcoSal Plus 2020; 9:10.1128/ecosalplus.ESP-0026-2019. [PMID: 33210586 PMCID: PMC7724965 DOI: 10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0026-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Plasmids are autonomously replicating sequences that help cells adapt to diverse stresses. Theta plasmids are the most frequent plasmid class in enterobacteria. They co-opt two host replication mechanisms: replication at oriC, a DnaA-dependent pathway leading to replisome assembly (theta class A), and replication fork restart, a PriA-dependent pathway leading to primosome assembly through primer extension and D-loop formation (theta classes B, C, and D). To ensure autonomy from the host's replication and to facilitate copy number regulation, theta plasmids have unique mechanisms of replication initiation at the plasmid origin of replication (ori). Tight plasmid copy number regulation is essential because of the major and direct impact plasmid gene dosage has on gene expression. The timing of plasmid replication and segregation are also critical for optimizing plasmid gene expression. Therefore, we propose that plasmid replication needs to be understood in its biological context, where complex origins of replication (redundant origins, mosaic and cointegrated replicons), plasmid segregation, and toxin-antitoxin systems are often present. Highlighting their tight functional integration with ori function, we show that both partition and toxin-antitoxin systems tend to be encoded in close physical proximity to the ori in a large collection of Escherichia coli plasmids. We also propose that adaptation of plasmids to their host optimizes their contribution to the host's fitness while restricting access to broad genetic diversity, and we argue that this trade-off between adaptation to host and access to genetic diversity is likely a determinant factor shaping the distribution of replicons in populations of enterobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay W Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064
| | - Vega Bugata
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064
| | - Gerardo Cortés-Cortés
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064
| | - Giselle Quevedo-Martínez
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064
| | - Manel Camps
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064
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van Duijkeren E, Schwarz C, Bouchard D, Catry B, Pomba C, Baptiste KE, Moreno MA, Rantala M, Ružauskas M, Sanders P, Teale C, Wester AL, Ignate K, Kunsagi Z, Jukes H. The use of aminoglycosides in animals within the EU: development of resistance in animals and possible impact on human and animal health: a review. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 74:2480-2496. [PMID: 31002332 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycosides (AGs) are important antibacterial agents for the treatment of various infections in humans and animals. Following extensive use of AGs in humans, food-producing animals and companion animals, acquired resistance among human and animal pathogens and commensal bacteria has emerged. Acquired resistance occurs through several mechanisms, but enzymatic inactivation of AGs is the most common one. Resistance genes are often located on mobile genetic elements, facilitating their spread between different bacterial species and between animals and humans. AG resistance has been found in many different bacterial species, including those with zoonotic potential such as Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and livestock-associated MRSA. The highest risk is anticipated from transfer of resistant enterococci or coliforms (Escherichia coli) since infections with these pathogens in humans would potentially be treated with AGs. There is evidence that the use of AGs in human and veterinary medicine is associated with the increased prevalence of resistance. The same resistance genes have been found in isolates from humans and animals. Evaluation of risk factors indicates that the probability of transmission of AG resistance from animals to humans through transfer of zoonotic or commensal foodborne bacteria and/or their mobile genetic elements can be regarded as high, although there are no quantitative data on the actual contribution of animals to AG resistance in human pathogens. Responsible use of AGs is of great importance in order to safeguard their clinical efficacy for human and veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Schwarz
- Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Berlin, Germany
| | - Damien Bouchard
- French Agency for Food, Environmental, and Occupational Safety, National Agency for Veterinary Medicinal Products, Fougères, France
| | - Boudewijn Catry
- Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Constança Pomba
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel A Moreno
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Merja Rantala
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Pascal Sanders
- French Agency for Food, Environmental, and Occupational Safety, Fougères Laboratory, Fougères, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Helen Jukes
- Veterinary Medicines Directorate, Addlestone, UK
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Liu YY, Liu XK, Cui XD, Chen M, Li SH, He DD, Liu JH, Yuan L, Hu GZ, Pan YS. Characterization of pTS14, an IncF2:A1:B1 Plasmid Carrying tet(M) in a Salmonella enterica Isolate. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1523. [PMID: 32719670 PMCID: PMC7347964 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the genetic and biological features of the tet(M)-harboring plasmid pTS14 in Salmonella enterica strain S14 isolated from a chicken fecal sample. Plasmid pTS14 was identified by conjugation, S1-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), Southern hybridization, and plasmid sequencing. The biological characteristics of pTS14 were assessed via stability, growth kinetics, and starvation survival experiments. Strain S14, belonging to ST3007, harbored a 119-kb tet(M)-bearing IncF2:A1:B1 conjugative plasmid pTS14. The plasmid pTS14 contained a novel transposon Tn6709 with the genetic structure IS26-tnpA1-tnpA2-Δorf13-LP-tet(M)-tnpX-ΔtnpR-IS26, and the resistance genes tet(B), tet(D), strAB, sul2, and blaTEM–1b. In addition, pTS14 was found to be highly stable in the recipient strain E. coli J53. The transconjugant TS14 exhibited a higher survival ratio than E. coli J53 under permanent starvation-induced stress. The tet(M)-bearing IncF2 epidemic plasmid lineage may accelerate the dissemination of tet(M) and other genes by coselection, which could constitute a potentially serious threat to clinical treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Die Cui
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai-Hua Li
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan He
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gong-Zheng Hu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu-Shan Pan
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Rozwandowicz M, Brouwer MSM, Fischer J, Wagenaar JA, Gonzalez-Zorn B, Guerra B, Mevius DJ, Hordijk J. Plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:1121-1137. [PMID: 29370371 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is constantly evolving and horizontal gene transfer through plasmids plays a major role. The identification of plasmid characteristics and their association with different bacterial hosts provides crucial knowledge that is essential to understand the contribution of plasmids to the transmission of AMR determinants. Molecular identification of plasmid and strain genotypes elicits a distinction between spread of AMR genes by plasmids and dissemination of these genes by spread of bacterial clones. For this reason several methods are used to type the plasmids, e.g. PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT) or relaxase typing. Currently, there are 28 known plasmid types in Enterobacteriaceae distinguished by PBRT. Frequently reported plasmids [IncF, IncI, IncA/C, IncL (previously designated IncL/M), IncN and IncH] are the ones that bear the greatest variety of resistance genes. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of all known AMR-related plasmid families in Enterobacteriaceae, the resistance genes they carry and their geographical distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rozwandowicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M S M Brouwer
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - J Fischer
- Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, BfR, Berlin, Germany
| | - J A Wagenaar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - B Gonzalez-Zorn
- Department of Animal Health and VISAVET, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Guerra
- Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, BfR, Berlin, Germany
| | - D J Mevius
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - J Hordijk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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10
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Fang LX, Deng GH, Jiang Q, Cen DJ, Yang RS, Feng YY, Xia J, Sun J, Liu YH, Zhang Q, Liao XP. Clonal expansion and horizontal transmission of epidemic F2:A1:B1 plasmids involved in co-spread ofrmtBwithqepAandblaCTX-M-27 in extensively drug-resistantSalmonella entericaserovar Indiana isolates. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 74:334-341. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Xing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Hui Deng
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qi Jiang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dao-Ji Cen
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Run-Shi Yang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Yun Feng
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xia
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qijing Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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11
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Sekizuka T, Yatsu K, Inamine Y, Segawa T, Nishio M, Kishi N, Kuroda M. Complete Genome Sequence of a blaKPC-2-Positive Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Isolated from the Effluent of an Urban Sewage Treatment Plant in Japan. mSphere 2018; 3:e00314-18. [PMID: 30232165 PMCID: PMC6147131 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00314-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and the bacteria that harbor them are widely distributed in the environment, especially in surface water, sewage treatment plant effluent, soil, and animal waste. In this study, we isolated a KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain (GSU10-3) from a sampling site in Tokyo Bay, Japan, near a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and determined its complete genome sequence. Strain GSU10-3 is resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents (quinolones and aminoglycosides). This strain is classified as sequence type 11 (ST11), and a core genome phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain GSU10-3 is closely related to KPC-2-positive Chinese clinical isolates from 2011 to 2017 and is clearly distinct from strains isolated from the European Union (EU), United States, and other Asian countries. Strain GSU10-3 harbors four plasmids, including a blaKPC-2-positive plasmid, pGSU10-3-3 (66.2 kb), which is smaller than other blaKPC-2-positive plasmids and notably carries dual replicons (IncFII [pHN7A8] and IncN). Such downsizing and the presence of dual replicons may promote its maintenance and stable replication, contributing to its broad host range with low fitness costs. A second plasmid, pGSU10-3-1 (159.0 kb), an IncA/C2 replicon, carries a class 1 integron (containing intI1, dfrA12, aadA2, qacEΔ1, and sul1) with a high degree of similarity to a broad-host-range plasmid present in the family Enterobacteriaceae The plasmid pGSU10-3-2 (134.8 kb), an IncFII(K) replicon, carries the IS26-mediated ARGs [aac(6')Ib-cr,blaOXA-1, catB4 (truncated), and aac(3)-IId], tet(A), and a copper/arsenate resistance locus. GSU10-3 is the first nonclinical KPC-2-producing environmental Enterobacteriaceae isolate from Japan for which the whole genome has been sequenced.IMPORTANCE We isolated and determined the complete genome sequence of a KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae strain from a sampling site in Tokyo Bay, Japan, near a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In Japan, the KPC type has been very rarely detected, while IMP is the most predominant type of carbapenemase in clinical carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) isolates. Although laboratory testing thus far suggested that Japan may be virtually free of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae, we have detected it from effluent from a WWTP. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) monitoring of WWTP effluent may contribute to the early detection of future AMR bacterial dissemination in clinical settings and communities; indeed, it will help illuminate the whole picture in which environmental contamination through WWTP effluent plays a part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Sekizuka
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Yatsu
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuba Inamine
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaya Segawa
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Nishio
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norimi Kishi
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Madec JY, Haenni M. Antimicrobial resistance plasmid reservoir in food and food-producing animals. Plasmid 2018; 99:72-81. [PMID: 30194944 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) plasmids have been recognized as important vectors for efficient spread of AMR phenotypes. The food reservoir includes both food-producing animals and food products, and a huge diversity of AMR plasmids have been reported in this sector. Based on molecular typing methods and/or whole genome sequencing approaches, certain AMR genes/plasmids combinations were found more frequently in food compared to other settings. However, the food source of a definite AMR plasmid is highly complex to confirm due to cross-sectorial transfers and international spread of AMR plasmids. For risk assessment purposes related to human health, AMR plasmids found in food and bearing genes conferring resistances to critically important antibiotics in human medicine - such as to extended-spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems or colistin - have been under specific scrutiny these last years. Those plasmids are often multidrug resistant and their dissemination can be driven by the selective pressure exerted by any of the antibiotics concerned. Also, AMR plasmids carry numerous other genes conferring vital properties to the bacterial cell and are recurrently subjected to evolutionary steps such as hybrid plasmids, making the epidemiology of AMR plasmids in food a moving picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves Madec
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Anses Laboratoire de Lyon - Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marisa Haenni
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Anses Laboratoire de Lyon - Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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13
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Evolution and Comparative Genomics of F33:A-:B- Plasmids Carrying blaCTX-M-55 or blaCTX-M-65 in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Animals, Food Products, and Humans in China. mSphere 2018; 3:3/4/e00137-18. [PMID: 30021873 PMCID: PMC6052338 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00137-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide spread of antibiotic resistance genes among Enterobacteriaceae isolates is of great concern. F33:A−:B− plasmids are important vectors of resistance genes, such as blaCTX-M-55/-65, blaNDM-1, fosA3, and rmtB, among E. coli isolates from various sources in China. We determined and compared the complete sequences of 17 F33:A−:B− plasmids from various sources. These plasmids appear to have evolved from the same ancestor by mobile element-mediated rearrangement, acquisition, and/or loss of resistance modules and similar IncN1, IncI1, and/or IncX1 plasmid backbone segments. Our findings highlight the evolutionary potential of F33:A−:B− plasmids as efficient vectors to capture and diffuse clinically relevant resistance genes. To understand the underlying evolution process of F33:A−:B− plasmids among Enterobacteriaceae isolates of various origins in China, the complete sequences of 17 blaCTX-M-harboring F33:A−:B− plasmids obtained from Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from different sources (animals, animal-derived food, and human clinics) in China were determined. F33:A−:B− plasmids shared similar plasmid backbones comprising replication, leading, and conjugative transfer regions and differed by the numbers of repeats in yddA and traD and by the presence of group II intron, except that pHNAH9 lacked a large segment of the leading and transfer regions. The variable regions of F33:A−B− plasmids were distinct and were inserted downstream of the addiction system pemI/pemK, identified as the integration hot spot among F33:A−B− plasmids. The variable region contained resistance genes and mobile elements or contained segments from other types of plasmids, such as IncI1, IncN1, and IncX1. Three plasmids encoding CTX-M-65 were very similar to our previously described pHN7A8 plasmid. Four CTX-M-55-producing plasmids contained multidrug resistance regions related to that of F2:A−B− plasmid pHK23a from Hong Kong. Five plasmids with IncN and/or IncX replication regions and IncI1-backbone fragments had variable regions related to those of pE80 and p42-2. The remaining five plasmids with IncN replicons and an IncI1 segment also possessed closely related variable regions. The diversity in variable regions was presumably associated with rearrangements, insertions, and/or deletions mediated by mobile elements, such as IS26 and IS1294. IMPORTANCE Worldwide spread of antibiotic resistance genes among Enterobacteriaceae isolates is of great concern. F33:A−:B− plasmids are important vectors of resistance genes, such as blaCTX-M-55/-65, blaNDM-1, fosA3, and rmtB, among E. coli isolates from various sources in China. We determined and compared the complete sequences of 17 F33:A−:B− plasmids from various sources. These plasmids appear to have evolved from the same ancestor by mobile element-mediated rearrangement, acquisition, and/or loss of resistance modules and similar IncN1, IncI1, and/or IncX1 plasmid backbone segments. Our findings highlight the evolutionary potential of F33:A−:B− plasmids as efficient vectors to capture and diffuse clinically relevant resistance genes.
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14
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Comparative genomics of rmtB-carrying IncI1 ST136 plasmids in avian escherichia coli isolates from chickens in China. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 51:659-662. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Doi Y, Wachino JI, Arakawa Y. Aminoglycoside Resistance: The Emergence of Acquired 16S Ribosomal RNA Methyltransferases. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2017; 30:523-537. [PMID: 27208771 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycoside-producing Actinobacteria are known to protect themselves from their own aminoglycoside metabolites by producing 16S ribosomal RNA methyltransferase (16S-RMTase), which prevents them from binding to the 16S rRNA targets. Ten acquired 16S-RMTases have been reported from gram-negative pathogens. Most of them posttranscriptionally methylate residue G1405 of 16S rRNA resulting in high-level resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and plazomicin. Strains that produce 16S-RMTase are frequently multidrug-resistant or even extensively drug-resistant. Although the direct clinical impact of high-level aminoglycoside resistance resulting from production of 16S-RMTase is yet to be determined, ongoing spread of this mechanism will further limit treatment options for multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant gram-negative infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Doi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, S829 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Jun-Ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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16
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Xia J, Fang LX, Cheng K, Xu GH, Wang XR, Liao XP, Liu YH, Sun J. Clonal Spread of 16S rRNA Methyltransferase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST37 with High Prevalence of ESBLs from Companion Animals in China. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:529. [PMID: 28446899 PMCID: PMC5389360 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We screened 30 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from dogs and cats at a single animal hospital in Guangdong Province, China. Among them, 12 K. pneumoniae strains possessed high-level resistance to amikacin and gentamicin and these were screened for 16S rRNA methyltransferase (16S-RMTase) genes. And then the genes positive isolates were detected for ESBLs (extended spectrum β-lactamases) and analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, PCR-based replicon typing and plasmid analysis. The genetic profiles of rmtB were also determined by PCR mapping. The twelve 16S-RMTase gene-positive isolates were rmtB (11/30) and armA (2/30) with one isolate carrying both genes. Extended spectrum β-lactamases genes were represented by blaCTX-M-55 (9/12), blaCTX-M-27 (2/12) and blaCTX-M-14 (1/12). The twelve 16S-RMTase containing strains were grouped into five clonal patterns and ST37 was the most prevalent sequence type. Ten rmtB-bearing plasmids conjugated successfully and all belonged to IncN and IncF (F33:A-:B-) incompatibility groups. Nine of the transconjugants carried a 97 kb plasmid and the other harbored both ∼60 and ∼200 kb plasmids. rmtB and blaCTX-M-55 were present on the same plasmid and indicated the co-transfer of these two genes, with the rmtB gene showing highly relevant relationships with IS26 and Tn3. Our findings suggested a high prevalence of 16S-RMTase genes in K. pneumonia ST37 from dogs and cats. Additional studies are needed to trace the evolutionary path of this type of resistance among the K. pneumonia isolates, and to determine whether they have been transferred to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Xing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Hao Xu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Ran Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
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17
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Pan YS, Zong ZY, Yuan L, Du XD, Huang H, Zhong XH, Hu GZ. Complete Sequence of pEC012, a Multidrug-Resistant IncI1 ST71 Plasmid Carrying bla CTX-M-65, rmtB, fosA3, floR, and oqxAB in an Avian Escherichia coli ST117 Strain. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1117. [PMID: 27486449 PMCID: PMC4947595 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A 139,622-bp IncI1 ST71 conjugative plasmid pEC012 from an avian Escherichia coli D-ST117 strain was sequenced, which carried five IS26-bracketed resistance modules: IS26-fosA3-orf1-orf2-Δorf3-IS26, IS26-fip-ΔISEcp1-blaCTX-M-65-IS903D-iroN-IS26, IS26-ΔtnpR-blaTEM-1-rmtB-IS26, IS26-oqxAB-IS26, and IS26-floR-aac(3)-IV-IS26. The backbone of pEC012 was similar to that of several other IncI1 ST71 plasmids: pV408, pM105, and pC271, but these plasmids had different arrangements of multidrug resistance region. In addition, the novel ISEc57 element was identified, which is in the IS21 family. The stepwise emergence of multi-resistance regions demonstrated the accumulation of different resistance determinants through homologous recombination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify a multidrug-resistant IncI1 ST71 plasmid carrying blaCTX-M-65, rmtB, fosA3, floR, and oqxAB in an avian E. coli ST117 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Pan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zong
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Dang Du
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing-Hao Zhong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gong-Zheng Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, China
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18
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Valat C, Forest K, Billet M, Polizzi C, Saras E, Madec JY, Haenni M. Absence of co-localization between pathovar-associated virulence factors and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (blaCTX-M) genes on a single plasmid. Vet Microbiol 2016; 192:163-166. [PMID: 27527778 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were reported in virulent food-borne Escherichia coli clones, and numerous genes encoding ESBLs and virulence factors (VFs) are plasmid-mediated. We investigated the plasmidic co-localization of ESBL genes and pathovar-associated VF genes isolated in 18 E. coli isolates from faecal samples of diseased cattle. From the rare ESBL-producing E. coli among the various pathovars, no plasmid co-localization was found between VF and blaCTX-M genes on a single plasmid. However, a link between replicon types and VFs was highlighted: EspP was associated with IncFIB and ToxB with IncB/O. Associations of IncF alleles to VF or CTX-M-types were also identified: CS31A was linked to the allele FIB38 and CTX-M-14 to IncFII2. Also, as illustrated here, IncFII and IncFIB were carried by two different plasmids in a single cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Valat
- Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France.
| | - Karine Forest
- Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Méganne Billet
- Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Charlène Polizzi
- Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Estelle Saras
- Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Yves Madec
- Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
| | - Marisa Haenni
- Anses, Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Lyon, France
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19
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Xia J, Sun J, Cheng K, Li L, Fang LX, Zou MT, Liao XP, Liu YH. Persistent spread of the rmtB 16S rRNA methyltransferase gene among Escherichia coli isolates from diseased food-producing animals in China. Vet Microbiol 2016; 188:41-6. [PMID: 27139028 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A total of 963 non-duplicate Escherichia coli strains isolated from food-producing animals between 2002 and 2012 were screened for the presence of the 16S rRNA methyltransferase genes. Among the positive isolates, resistance determinants to extended spectrum β-lactamases, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes as well as floR and fosA/A3/C2 were detected using PCR analysis. These isolates were further subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, molecular typing, PCR-based plasmid replicon typing and plasmid analysis. Of the 963 E. coli isolates, 173 (18.0%), 3 (0.3%) and 2 (0.2%) were rmtB-, armA- and rmtE-positive strains, respectively. All the 16S rRNA methyltransferase gene-positive isolates were multidrug resistant and over 90% of them carried one or more type of resistance gene. IncF (especially IncFII) and non-typeable plasmids played the main role in the dissemination of rmtB, followed by the IncN plasmids. Plasmids that harbored rmtB ranged in size from 20kb to 340kb EcoRI-RFLP testing of the 109 rmtB-positive plasmids from different years and different origins suggested that horizontal (among diverse animals) and vertical transfer of IncF, non-typeable and IncN-type plasmids were responsible for the spread of rmtB gene. In summary, our findings highlight that rmtB was the most prevalent 16S rRNA methyltransferase gene, which present persistent spread in food-producing animals in China and a diverse group of plasmids was responsible for rmtB dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ke Cheng
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liang-Xing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Meng-Ting Zou
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.
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20
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Fu T, Du XD, Cheng PP, Li XR, Zhao XF, Pan YS. Characterization of an rmtB-carrying IncI1 ST136 plasmid in avian Escherichia coli isolates from chickens. J Med Microbiol 2016; 65:387-391. [PMID: 26932741 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The rmtB gene, one of the 16S rRNA methylase genes whose products confer high-level resistance to aminoglycosides, is most prevalent among Enterobacteriaceae strains. In this study, eight non-duplicate rmtB-carrying avian Escherichia coli strains from a farm in China were isolated and characterized, and further examined by phylogenetic grouping, conjugation experiments and PCR-based replicon typing. In addition, the genetic environment of rmtB was investigated by cloning and sequencing. Six rmtB-carrying E. coli were identified as phylogroup A, sequence type (ST) 156 (A-ST156), with two assigned to D-ST117; however, all of them carried the same IncI1 ST136 plasmid. The genetic environment of the rmtB gene in these eight plasmids was the same, as shown by PCR mapping. A multidrug-resistant region carrying blaTEM-1, rmtB, a class 1 integron cassette array (intI1-dfrA12-orfF-aadA2-qacEΔ1-sul1) and aacC2 was characterized on the conjugative IncI1 ST136 plasmid. Co-location of the rmtB gene with a class 1 integron cassette array and aacC2 on the conjugative plasmid will facilitate its maintenance and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Fu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,PR China
| | - Xiang-Dang Du
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,PR China
| | - Pei-Pei Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,PR China
| | - Xiao-Ran Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,PR China
| | - Xin-Fang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,PR China
| | - Yu-Shan Pan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,PR China
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21
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Sennati S, Riccobono E, Di Pilato V, Villagran AL, Pallecchi L, Bartoloni A, Rossolini GM. pHN7A8-related multiresistance plasmids (blaCTX-M-65, fosA3 and rmtB) detected in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Bolivia: intercontinental plasmid dissemination? J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:1732-4. [PMID: 26903279 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Sennati
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Eleonora Riccobono
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, Siena, Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Pilato
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Pallecchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital, Siena, Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Abstract
Three mechanisms for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) have been discovered since 1998. Plasmid genes qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, and qnrVC code for proteins of the pentapeptide repeat family that protects DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV from quinolone inhibition. The qnr genes appear to have been acquired from chromosomal genes in aquatic bacteria, are usually associated with mobilizing or transposable elements on plasmids, and are often incorporated into sul1-type integrons. The second plasmid-mediated mechanism involves acetylation of quinolones with an appropriate amino nitrogen target by a variant of the common aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Ib. The third mechanism is enhanced efflux produced by plasmid genes for pumps QepAB and OqxAB. PMQR has been found in clinical and environmental isolates around the world and appears to be spreading. The plasmid-mediated mechanisms provide only low-level resistance that by itself does not exceed the clinical breakpoint for susceptibility but nonetheless facilitates selection of higher-level resistance and makes infection by pathogens containing PMQR harder to treat.
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Franco A, Leekitcharoenphon P, Feltrin F, Alba P, Cordaro G, Iurescia M, Tolli R, D’Incau M, Staffolani M, Di Giannatale E, Hendriksen RS, Battisti A. Emergence of a Clonal Lineage of Multidrug-Resistant ESBL-Producing Salmonella Infantis Transmitted from Broilers and Broiler Meat to Humans in Italy between 2011 and 2014. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144802. [PMID: 26716443 PMCID: PMC4696813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the spread of a clone of multidrug-resistant (MDR), ESBL-producing (blaCTX-M-1) Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis, in the Italian broiler chicken industry and along the food-chain. This was first detected in Italy in 2011 and led to human infection in Italy in 2013-2014.A set (n = 49) of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant (R) isolates of S. Infantis (2011-2014) from humans, food-producing animals and meat thereof, were studied along with a selected set of earlier and more recent ESC-susceptible (ESC-S) isolates (n = 42, 2001-2014). They were characterized by macrorestriction-PFGE analysis and genetic environment of ESC-resistance. Isolates representative of PFGE-patterns and origin were submitted to Whole Genome Sequencing. The emerging ESC-R clone, detected mainly from broiler chickens, broiler meat and humans, showed a minimum pattern of clinical resistance to cefotaxime, tetracycline, sulfonamides, and trimethoprim, beside ciprofloxacin microbiological resistance (MIC 0.25 mg/L). All isolates of this clone harbored a conjugative megaplasmid (~ 280-320 Kb), similar to that described in ESC-susceptible S. Infantis in Israel (pESI-like) in 2014. This megaplasmid carried the ESBL gene blaCTX-M-1, and additional genes [tet(A), sul1, dfrA1 and dfrA14] mediating cefotaxime, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and trimethoprim resistance. It also contained genes conferring enhanced colonization capability, virulence (fimbriae, yersiniabactin), resistance and fitness (qacE1, mer) in the intensive-farming environment. This emerging clone of S. Infantis has been causing infections in humans, most likely through the broiler industry. Since S. Infantis is among major serovars causing human infections in Europe and is an emerging non-typhoidal Salmonella globally, further spread of this lineage in primary productions deserves quick and thorough risk-management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Franco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Food borne Pathogens, and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Fabiola Feltrin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Patricia Alba
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Gessica Cordaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Iurescia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Tolli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario D’Incau
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia–Romagna ‘‘Bruno Ubertini”, Via Bianchi 9, 25124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Monica Staffolani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Macerata, Via dei Velini, 15, 62100, Macerata, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Giannatale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Via Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Rene S. Hendriksen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Food borne Pathogens, and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Antonio Battisti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy
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Deng H, Si HB, Zeng SY, Sun J, Fang LX, Yang RS, Liu YH, Liao XP. Prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli in a farrowing farm: ST1121 clone harboring IncHI2 plasmid contributes to the dissemination of bla CMY-2. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1210. [PMID: 26579110 PMCID: PMC4630580 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During a regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in a farrowing farm in Southern China, 117 Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from sows and piglets. Compared with the isolates from piglets, the isolates from sows exhibited higher resistance rates to the tested cephalosporins. Correspondingly, the total detection rate of the blaCMY-2/blaCTX-M genes in the sow isolates (34.2%) was also significantly higher than that of the piglet isolates (13.6%; p < 0.05). The blaCMY-2 gene had a relatively high prevalence (11.1%) in the E. coli isolates. MLST and PFGE analysis revealed the clonal spread of ST1121 E. coli in most (7/13) of the blaCMY-2-positive isolates. An indistinguishable IncHI2 plasmid harboring blaCMY-2 was also identified in each of the seven ST1121 E. coli isolates. Complete sequence analysis of this IncHI2 plasmid (pEC5207) revealed that pEC5207 may have originated through recombination of an IncHI2 plasmid with a blaCMY-2-carrying IncA/C plasmid like pCFSAN007427_01. In addition to blaCMY-2, pEC5207 also carried other resistance determinants for aminoglycosides (aacA7), sulfonamides (sul1), as well as heavy metals ions, such as Cu and Ag. The susceptibility testing showed that the pEC5207 can mediate both antibiotic and heavy metal resistance. This highlights the role of pEC5207 in co-selection of blaCMY-2-positive isolates under the selective pressure of heavy metals, cephalosporins, and other antimicrobials. In conclusion, clonal spread of an ST1121 type E. coli strain harboring an IncHI2 plasmid contributed to the dissemination of blaCMY-2 in a farrowing farm in Southern China. We also have determined the first complete sequence analysis of a blaCMY-2-carrying IncHI2 plasmid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Deng
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Bin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University Nanning, China
| | - Shu-Yi Zeng
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Xing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China
| | - Run-Shi Yang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China
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Yu T, He T, Yao H, Zhang JB, Li XN, Zhang RM, Wang GQ. Prevalence of 16S rRNA Methylase Gene rmtB Among Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovine Mastitis in Ningxia, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2015.1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tao He
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Bao Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiao-Na Li
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Rong-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Evaluation of Chemical and Herbal Drugs for Animal Use, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Qin Wang
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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Yang L, Yang L, Lü DH, Zhang WH, Ren SQ, Liu YH, Zeng ZL, Jiang HX. Co-prevalance of PMQR and 16S rRNA methylase genes in clinical Escherichia coli isolates with high diversity of CTX-M from diseased farmed pigeons. Vet Microbiol 2015; 178:238-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Sunde M, Simonsen GS, Slettemeås JS, Böckerman I, Norström M. Integron, Plasmid and Host Strain Characteristics of Escherichia coli from Humans and Food Included in the Norwegian Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Programs. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128797. [PMID: 26047499 PMCID: PMC4457809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli (n=331) isolates from humans with bloodstream infections were investigated for the presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons. The integron cassettes arrays were characterized and the findings were compared with data from similar investigations on resistant E. coli from meat and meat products (n=241) produced during the same time period. All isolates were obtained from the Norwegian monitoring programs for antimicrobial resistance in human pathogens and in the veterinary sector. Methods used included PCR, sequencing, conjugation experiments, plasmid replicon typing and subtyping, pulsed-field-gel-electrophoresis and serotyping. Integrons of class 1 and 2 occurred significantly more frequently among human isolates; 45.4% (95% CI: 39.9-50.9) than among isolates from meat; 18% (95% CI: 13.2 -23.3), (p<0.01, Chi-square test). Identical cassette arrays including dfrA1-aadA1, aadA1, dfrA12-orfF-aadA2, oxa-30-aadA1 (class 1 integrons) and dfrA1-sat1-aadA1 (class 2 integrons) were detected from both humans and meat. However, the most prevalent cassette array in human isolates, dfrA17-aadA5, did not occur in isolates from meat, suggesting a possible linkage between this class 1 integron and a subpopulation of E. coli adapted to a human host. The drfA1-aadA1 and aadA1 class 1 integrons were found frequently in both human and meat isolates. These isolates were subjected to further studies to investigate similarities with regard to transferability, plasmid and host strain characteristics. We detected incF plasmids with pMLST profile F24:A-:B1 carrying drfA1-aadA1 integrons in isolates from pork and in a more distantly related E. coli strain from a human with septicaemia. Furthermore, we showed that most of the class 1 integrons with aadA1 were located on incF plasmids with pMLST profile F51:A-:B10 in human isolates. The plasmid was present in unrelated as well as closely related host strains, demonstrating that dissemination of this integron also could be attributed to clonal spread. In conclusion, among the systematically collected isolates from two different sources, some significant differences concerning integron prevalence and integron variants were observed. However, closely related plasmids as vehicles for specific class 1 integrons in isolates from meat and from a human with bloodstream infection were found. The occurrence of similar multi-resistance plasmids in bacteria from a food source and from a human clinical sample highlights the possible role of meat as a source of resistance elements for pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Sunde
- Department of Laboratory Services, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunnar Skov Simonsen
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Research Group for Host-Microbe Interaction, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø —The Norwegian Arctic University, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Inger Böckerman
- Department of Laboratory Services, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - Madelaine Norström
- Department of Health Surveillance, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Jackson CR, Davis JA, Frye JG, Barrett JB, Hiott LM. Diversity of Plasmids and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Companion Animals. Zoonoses Public Health 2015; 62:479-88. [PMID: 25653018 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The presence and transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes from commensal bacteria in companion animals to more pathogenic bacteria may contribute to dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine antimicrobial resistance gene content and the presence of genetic elements in antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli from healthy companion animals. In our previous study, from May to August, 2007, healthy companion animals (155 dogs and 121 cats) from three veterinary clinics in the Athens, GA, USA area were sampled and multidrug-resistant E. coli (n = 36; MDR, resistance to ≥ 2 antimicrobial classes) were obtained. Of the 25 different plasmid replicon types tested by PCR, at least one plasmid replicon type was detected in 94% (34/36) of the MDR E. coli; four isolates contained as many as five different plasmid replicons. Nine replicon types (FIA, FIB, FII, I2, A/C, U, P, I1 and HI2) were identified with FIB, FII, I2 as the most common pattern. The presence of class I integrons (intI) was detected in 61% (22/36) of the isolates with eight isolates containing aminoglycoside- and/or trimethoprim-resistance genes in the variable cassette region of intI. Microarray analysis of a subset of the MDR E. coli (n = 9) identified the presence of genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides (aac, aad, aph and strA/B), β-lactams (ampC, cmy, tem and vim), chloramphenicol (cat), sulfonamides (sulI and sulII), tetracycline [tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), tet(D) and regulator, tetR] and trimethoprim (dfrA). Antimicrobial resistance to eight antimicrobials (ampicillin, cefoxitin, ceftiofur, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, streptomycin, gentamicin, sulfisoxazole and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) and five plasmid replicons (FIA, FIB, FII, I1 and I2) were transferred via conjugation. The presence of antimicrobial resistance genes, intI and transferable plasmid replicons indicate that E. coli from companion animals may play an important role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, particularly to human hosts during contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Jackson
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J A Davis
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J G Frye
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J B Barrett
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA, USA
| | - L M Hiott
- Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA, USA
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Wong MHY, Zeng L, Liu JH, Chen S. Characterization of Salmonella food isolates with concurrent resistance to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2014; 10:42-6. [PMID: 23320422 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2012.1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne salmonellosis is an important public health problem worldwide. Most human Salmonella infections occur through the consumption of contaminated food of animal origin. The study reported the first isolation of two Salmonella enterica serovar Oranienburg strains from pork in China with concurrent resistance to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Both isolates also showed resistance to norfloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol, and an elevated minimal inhibitory concentraton of azithromycin; one strain was also resistant to amikacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Salmonella ceftriaxone resistance was due to the production of IncN plasmidborne CTX-M-14 ESBL, and their ciprofloxacin resistance was mediated by target mutations and efflux pump activity. This is the first time that ceftriaxone- and ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella was reported in meat products, which may be due to the uses of antibiotics in animal production. The study warrants the continuous surveillance of multidrug-resistant Salmonella in meat products and cautious use of antibiotics in food animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Ho Yin Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Leigue L, Warth JFG, Melo LC, Silva KC, Moura RA, Barbato L, Silva LC, Santos ACM, Silva RM, Lincopan N. MDR ST2179-CTX-M-15 Escherichia coli co-producing RmtD and AAC(6')-Ib-cr in a horse with extraintestinal infection, Brazil. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 70:1263-5. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Chen X, He L, Li Y, Zeng Z, Deng Y, Liu Y, Liu JH. Complete sequence of a F2:A-:B- plasmid pHN3A11 carrying rmtB and qepA, and its dissemination in China. Vet Microbiol 2014; 174:267-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Baba Ahmed-Kazi Tani Z, Arlet G. [News of antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative bacilli in Algeria]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 62:169-78. [PMID: 24819127 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become a major public health problem in Algeria. Indeed the past decade, we have seen a significant increase in resistance to antibiotics especially in Gram-negative bacilli. Resistance to β-lactams in enterobacteria is dominated by the production of ESBL CTX-M-3 and CTX-M-15. The strains producing these enzymes are often the cause of potentially serious infections in both hospital and community settings. Identified plasmid cephalosporinases are CMY-2, CMY-12 and DHA-1. The isolation of strains of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing carbapenemases is rare in Algeria. Some Enterobacteriaceae producing OXA-48 or VIM-19 have been reported; so far, only VIM-2 has been identified in P. aeruginosa. However, the situation regarding the strains of Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to carbapenemases seems to be more disturbing. The carbapenemase OXA-23 is the most common and seems to be endemic in the north. The carbapenemase NDM-1 has also been identified. Resistance to aminoglycosides is marked by the identification armA gene associated with blaCTX-M genes in strains of Salmonella sp. Several other resistance genes have been identified sporadically in strains of Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. Resistance genes to fluoroquinolones are more recent identification in Algeria. The most common are the Qnr determinants followed by the bifunctional enzyme AAC[6']-Ib-cr. Resistance to sulfonamides and trimethoprim was also reported in Enterobacteriaceae strains in the west of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Baba Ahmed-Kazi Tani
- Laboratoire « antibiotiques antifongiques : physico-chimie, synthèse et activité biologique », faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et sciences de la terre et de l'univers, université Abou Bekr Belkaïd, rocade 2, BP 119, Tlemcen, Algérie
| | - G Arlet
- Département de bactériologie, faculté de médecine, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, 27, rue de Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France; Département de bactériologie, hôpital Tenon, hôpitaux universitaires Est parisiens, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 4, rue de la Chine, 75970 Paris cedex 20, France.
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Guo YF, Zhang WH, Ren SQ, Yang L, Lü DH, Zeng ZL, Liu YH, Jiang HX. IncA/C plasmid-mediated spread of CMY-2 in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli from food animals in China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96738. [PMID: 24816748 PMCID: PMC4016023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To obtain a broad molecular epidemiological characterization of plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase CMY-2 in Escherichia coli isolates from food animals in China. Methods A total of 1083 E. coli isolates from feces, viscera, blood, drinking water, and sub-surface soil were examined for the presence of CMY-2 β-lactamases. CMY-2-producing isolates were characterized as follows: the blaCMY-2 genotype was determined using PCR and sequencing, characterization of the blaCMY-2 genetic environment, plasmid sizing using S1 nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), PCR-based replicon typing, phylogenetic grouping, XbaI-PFGE, and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Results All 31 CMY-2 producers were only detected in feces, and presented with multidrug resistant phenotypes. All CMY-2 strains also co-harbored genes conferring resistance to other antimicrobials, including extended spectrum β-lactamases genes (blaCTX-M-14 or blaCTX-M-55), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants (qnr, oqxA, and aac-(6′)-Ib-cr), floR and rmtB. The co-transferring of blaCMY-2 with qnrS1 and floR (alone and together) was mainly driven by the Inc A/C type plasmid, with sizes of 160 or 200 kb. Gene cassette arrays inserted in the class 1 or class 2 integron were amplified among 12 CMY-2 producers. CMY-2 producers belonged to avirulent groups B1 (n = 12) and A (n = 11), and virulent group D (n = 8). There was a good correlation between phylogenetic groups and sequence types (ST). Twenty-four STs were identified, of which the ST complexes (STC) 101/B1 (n = 6), STC10/A (n = 5), and STC155/B1 (n = 3) were dominant. Conclusions CMY-2 is the dominant AmpC β-lactamase in food animals and is associated with a transferable replicon IncA/C plasmid in the STC101, STC10, and STC155 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Qi Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, China
| | - Dian-Hong Lü
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Ling Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Xia Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Rincón G, Radice M, Giovanakis M, Di Conza JA, Gutkind G. First report of plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump QepA in Escherichia coli clinical isolate ST68, in South America. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 79:70-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pan YS, Yuan L, Zong ZY, Liu JH, Wang LF, Hu GZ. A multidrug-resistance region containing bla
CTX-M-65, fosA3 and rmtB on conjugative IncFII plasmids in Escherichia coli ST117 isolates from chicken. J Med Microbiol 2014; 63:485-488. [PMID: 24430253 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.070664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Pan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Li Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zong
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Ling-Fei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Gong-Zheng Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
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Liao XP, Liu BT, Yang QE, Sun J, Li L, Fang LX, Liu YH. Comparison of plasmids coharboring 16s rrna methylase and extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes among Escherichia coli isolates from pets and poultry. J Food Prot 2013; 76:2018-23. [PMID: 24290675 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A total of 247 Escherichia coli isolates (148 from diseased or dead poultry and 99 from diseased pets in the People's Republic of China) were screened for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) determinants by PCR and sequencing. Then, 16S rRNA methylase genes were detected among ESBL-producing isolates. Clonal relatedness of the E. coli isolates was examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Conjugation experiments were performed to investigate the association of 16S rRNA methylases and ESBLs, and plasmid contents were also characterized. Among 247 E. coli isolates, 74 (29.96%) isolates were positive for blaCTX-M genes, 42 from pets (12 from cats and 30 from dogs) and 32 from poultry (12 from chickens and 20 from ducks). The most common CTX-M type in isolates from pets was blaCTX-M-14, whereas blaCTX-M-27 was the most common for poultry. rmtB was dectected in 39 of the 74 blaCTX-M-positive isolates, 18 from pets and 21 from poultry. One strain from a pet was found to harbor blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, and rmtB. blaCTX-M and rmtB were found to be colocated on the same transferable plasmid in 16 isolates. These genes were on the same or similar plasmids (eight F2:A-:B- and two IncN) in isolates from ducks, whereas they were colocated on the similar F2:A-:B- or similar F33:A-:B- plasmids in isolates of pets origin. In conclusion, similar F2:A-:B- plasmids and similar F33:A-:B- plasmids are responsible for the dissemination of both rmtB and blaCTX-Mgenes in E. coli isolates from poultry and pets, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ping Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
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Deng YT, Zeng ZL, Tian W, Yang T, Liu JH. Prevalence and characteristics of rmtB and qepA in Escherichia coli isolated from diseased animals in China. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:198. [PMID: 23874331 PMCID: PMC3710952 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
16S rRNA methylase and QepA, a fluoroquinolone efflux pump, are new mechanisms of resistance against aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolone, respectively. One of 16S rRNA methylase genes, rmtB, was found to be associated with qepA, were both located on the same transposable element. In this study, we intended to determine the current prevalence and characteristics of the 16S rRNA methylase genes and qepA, and to study the association between rmtB and qepA. A total of 892 Escherichia coli isolates were collected from various diseased food-producing animals in China from 2004 to 2008 and screened by PCR for 16S rRNA methylase genes and qepA. About 12.6% (112/892) and 0.1% (1/892) of isolates that were highly resistant to amikacin were positive for rmtB and armA, respectively. The remaining five 16S rRNA methlyase genes were not detected. Thirty-six (4.0%) strains carried qepA. About 32.1% of rmtB-positive strains harbored qepA, which was not detected in rmtB-negative strains. Most strains were clonally unrelated, while identical PFGE profiles of rmtB-positive isolates were found in the same farm indicating clonal transmission. Conjugation experiments showed that rmtB was transferred to the recipients, and qepA also cotransferred with rmtB in some cases. The spread of E. coli of food animal origin harboring both rmtB and qepA suggests that surveillance for antimicrobial resistance of animal origin as well as the study of the mechanisms of resistance should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Deng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China ; Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science Guangzhou, China
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Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 11 from companion animals bearing ArmA methyltransferase, DHA-1 β-lactamase, and QnrB4. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:4532-4. [PMID: 23752506 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00491-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from dogs and cats in Spain were found to be highly resistant to aminoglycosides, and ArmA methyltransferase was responsible for this phenotype. All isolates were typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) as ST11, a human epidemic clone reported worldwide and associated with, among others, OXA-48 and NDM carbapenemases. In the seven strains, armA was borne by an IncR plasmid, pB1025, of 50 kb. The isolates were found to coproduce DHA-1 and SHV-11 β-lactamases, as well as the QnrB4 resistance determinant. This first report of the ArmA methyltransferase in pets illustrates their importance as a reservoir for human multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae.
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Prevalence of β-Lactamase and 16S rRNA Methylase Genes Among ClinicalEscherichia coliIsolates Carrying Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes from Animals. Microb Drug Resist 2013; 19:237-45. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2012.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Habeeb MA, Haque A, Nematzadeh S, Iversen A, Giske CG. High prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase RmtB among CTX-M extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from Islamabad, Pakistan. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013; 41:524-6. [PMID: 23622882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterise extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urinary tract and wound infections from Pakistan (n=25). Isolates were subjected to commercially available microarray analysis to determine the presence of ESBLs and acquired AmpC enzymes. The genetic diversity of the isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Plasmid replicon typing and capsular serotyping were conducted by PCR. Finally, screening for virulence genes, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, and genes encoding 16S rRNA methylases was done using PCR. All K. pneumoniae isolates hosted blaCTX-M genes and all strains belonged to phylogroup CTX-M-1. Acquired AmpC β-lactamases (ACT/MIR and CIT group) were found in 16% of isolates. Two clusters were observed with ≥80% similarity among profiles obtained by PFGE, and two sequence types (STs) by MLST, namely ST215 and ST307, were observed in these clusters. Three ST215 isolates carried virulence factor wcaG and three ST215 isolates had capsular type K20. IncFIA, IncFIB, IncFIIK and FrepB replicons were most commonly found in this collection. Among the PMQR determinants, aac(6')-lb-cr was present in 96% (24/25) of the isolates, qnrB was found in 88% (22/25) and qepA was found in 4% (1/25). The 16S rRNA methylase-encoding gene rmtB was found in 60% (15/25) of the isolates. In conclusion, CTX-M-producing ST215 and ST307 K. pneumoniae were the two major clones detected. Of particular concern was the high prevalence of 16S rRNA methylases conferring resistance to all aminoglycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asif Habeeb
- Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan, an affiliated institute of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Hidalgo L, Hopkins KL, Gutierrez B, Ovejero CM, Shukla S, Douthwaite S, Prasad KN, Woodford N, Gonzalez-Zorn B. Association of the novel aminoglycoside resistance determinant RmtF with NDM carbapenemase in Enterobacteriaceae isolated in India and the UK. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:1543-50. [PMID: 23580560 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 16S rRNA methyltransferases are an emerging mechanism conferring high-level resistance to clinically relevant aminoglycosides and have been associated with important mechanisms such as NDM-1. We sought genes encoding these enzymes in isolates highly resistant (MIC >200 mg/L) to gentamicin and amikacin from an Indian hospital and we additionally screened for the novel RmtF enzyme in 132 UK isolates containing NDM. METHODS All highly aminoglycoside-resistant isolates were screened for armA and rmtA-E by PCR, with cloning experiments performed for isolates negative for these genes. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry was used to determine the methylation target of the novel RmtF methyltransferase. RmtF-bearing strains were characterized further, including susceptibility testing, PFGE, electroporation, PCR-based replicon typing and multilocus sequence typing of rmtF-bearing plasmids. RESULTS High-level aminoglycoside resistance was detected in 140/1000 (14%) consecutive isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from India. ArmA, RmtB and RmtC were identified among 46%, 20% and 27% of these isolates, respectively. The novel rmtF gene was detected in 34 aminoglycoside-resistant isolates (overall prevalence 3.4%), most (59%) of which also possessed a bla(NDM) gene; rmtF was detected in 6 NDM producers from the UK. It was found on different plasmid backbones. Four and two isolates showed resistance to tigecycline and colistin, respectively. CONCLUSIONS RmtF was often found in association with NDM in members of the Enterobacteriaceae and on diverse plasmids. It is of clinical concern that the RmtF- and NDM-positive strains identified here show additional resistance to tigecycline and colistin, current drugs of last resort for the treatment of serious bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hidalgo
- Department of Animal Health and VISAVET, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Genetic characterization of IncI2 plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-55 spreading in both pets and food animals in China. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:2824-7. [PMID: 23478963 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02155-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
pHN1122-1 carrying bla(CTX-M-55), from an Escherichia coli isolate from a dog, was completely sequenced. pHN1122-1 has an IncI2 replicon and typical IncI2-associated genetic modules, including mok/hok-finO-yafA/B, nikABC, and two transfer regions, tra and pil, as well as a shufflon. bla(CTX-M-55) is found within a 3.084-kb ISEcp1 transposition unit that includes a fragment of IncA/C plasmid backbone. pHN1122-1 and closely related plasmids were identified in other E. coli isolates from animals in China.
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Dahmen S, Métayer V, Gay E, Madec JY, Haenni M. Characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-carrying plasmids and clones of Enterobacteriaceae causing cattle mastitis in France. Vet Microbiol 2013; 162:793-799. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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He L, Partridge SR, Yang X, Hou J, Deng Y, Yao Q, Zeng Z, Chen Z, Liu JH. Complete nucleotide sequence of pHN7A8, an F33:A-:B- type epidemic plasmid carrying blaCTX-M-65, fosA3 and rmtB from China. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 68:46-50. [PMID: 22984205 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize a representative self-transmissible multidrug resistance plasmid pHN7A8 isolated from an Escherichia coli from a dog in China, classified as F33:A-:B- by replicon sequence typing and carrying the bla(TEM-1b), bla(CTX-M-65), fosA3 and rmtB genes conferring resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins, fosfomycin and aminoglycosides, respectively. METHODS pHN7A8 was sequenced using a whole-genome shotgun approach and the sequence analysed by comparison with reference plasmids. RESULTS pHN7A8 is a circular molecule of 76 878 bp. bla(CTX-M-65), fosA3 and rmtB are found in known contexts, interspersed with different mobile elements including ISEcp1, IS1, Tn2, IS1294, IS903 and four copies of IS26. This multiresistance region has only a single nucleotide difference from that of pXZ, an F2:A-:B- plasmid isolated from poultry in China. The pHN7A8 backbone carries genes encoding addiction and partitioning systems that promote plasmid maintenance and has a similar organization to pXZ, as well as IncFII plasmids such as R100, pC15-1a/pEK516 and pHK23, isolated in Japan, Canada/the UK and China, respectively, but with varying levels of identity, suggesting recombination. CONCLUSIONS pHN7A8 is a chimera that may have resulted from the acquisition, by recombination in the plasmid backbone, of the multiresistance region found in pXZ. This region appears to have evolved from the resistance determinant R100 through the stepwise integration of multiple antimicrobial resistance determinants from different sources by the actions of mobile elements and recombination. The successful dissemination of this multidrug resistance plasmid presents further challenges for the prevention and treatment of Enterobacteriaceae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangying He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, SCAU, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Poirel L, Bonnin RA, Nordmann P. Genetic support and diversity of acquired extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Gram-negative rods. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2012; 12:883-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Wachino JI, Arakawa Y. Exogenously acquired 16S rRNA methyltransferases found in aminoglycoside-resistant pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria: an update. Drug Resist Updat 2012; 15:133-48. [PMID: 22673098 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Exogenously acquired 16S rRNA methyltransferase (16S-RMTase) genes responsible for a very high level of resistance against various aminoglycosides have been widely distributed among Enterobacteriaceae and glucose-nonfermentative microbes recovered from human and animal. The 16S-RMTases are classified into two subgroups, N7-G1405 16S-RMTases and N1-A1408 16S-RMTases, based on the mode of modification of 16S rRNA. Both MTases add the methyl group of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the specific nucleotides at the A-site of 16S rRNA, which interferes with aminoglycoside binding to the target. The genetic determinants responsible for 16S-RMTase production are often mediated by mobile genetic elements like transposons and further embedded into transferable plasmids or chromosome. This genetic apparatus may thus contribute to the rapid worldwide dissemination of the resistance mechanism among pathogenic microbes. More worrisome is the fact that 16S-RMTase genes are frequently associated with other antimicrobial resistance mechanisms such as NDM-1 metallo-β-lactamase and CTX-M-type ESBLs, and some highly pathogenic microbes including Salmonella spp. have already acquired these genes. Thus far, 16S-RMTases have been reported from at least 30 countries or regions. The worldwide dissemination of 16S-RMTases is becoming a serious global concern and this implies the necessity to continue investigations on the trend of 16S-RMTases to restrict their further worldwide dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Poirel L, Cattoir V, Nordmann P. Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance; Interactions between Human, Animal, and Environmental Ecologies. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:24. [PMID: 22347217 PMCID: PMC3270319 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones is being increasingly reported among human but also veterinary isolates during the last two to three decades, very likely as a consequence of the large clinical usage of those antibiotics. Even if the principle mechanisms of resistance to quinolones are chromosome-encoded, due to modifications of molecular targets (DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV), decreased outer-membrane permeability (porin defect), and overexpression of naturally occurring efflux, the emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) has been reported since 1998. Although these PMQR determinants confer low-level resistance to quinolones and/or fluoroquinolones, they are a favorable background for selection of additional chromosome-encoded quinolone resistance mechanisms. Different transferable mechanisms have been identified, corresponding to the production of Qnr proteins, of the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6′)-Ib-cr, or of the QepA-type or OqxAB-type efflux pumps. Qnr proteins protect target enzymes (DNA gyrase and type IV topoisomerase) from quinolone inhibition. The AAC(6′)-Ib-cr determinant acetylates several fluoroquinolones, such as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Finally, the QepA and OqxAB efflux pumps extrude fluoroquinolones from the bacterial cell. A series of studies have identified the environment to be a reservoir of PMQR genes, with farm animals and aquatic habitats being significantly involved. In addition, the origin of the qnr genes has been identified, corresponding to the waterborne species Shewanella sp. Altogether, the recent observations suggest that the aquatic environment might constitute the original source of PMQR genes, that would secondly spread among animal or human isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Poirel
- INSERM U914 « Emerging Resistance to Antibiotics», Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Université Paris XI K.-Bicêtre, France
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Yao Q, Zeng Z, Hou J, Deng Y, He L, Tian W, Zheng H, Chen Z, Liu JH. Dissemination of the rmtB gene carried on IncF and IncN plasmids among Enterobacteriaceae in a pig farm and its environment. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011; 66:2475-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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