1
|
Miller NJ, Dimitrakopoulou D, Baglia LA, Pavelka MS, Robert J. Exploring the Role of a Putative Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis Pathway in Mycobacterium abscessus Pathogenesis Using a Xenopus laevis Tadpole Model. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1120. [PMID: 38930501 PMCID: PMC11206028 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) is an emerging human pathogen that has a high rate of incidence in immunocompromised individuals. We have found a putative secondary metabolite pathway within Mab, which may be a key factor in its pathogenesis. This novel pathway is encoded in a gene cluster spanning MAB_0284c to 0305 and is related to Streptomyces pathways, producing the secondary metabolites streptonigrin and nybomycin. We constructed an in-frame deletion of the MAB_0295 (phzC) gene and tested it in our Xenopus laevis animal model. We have previously shown that X. laevis tadpoles, which have functional lungs and T cells, can serve as a reliable comparative model for persistent Mab infection and pathogenesis. Here, we report that tadpoles intraperitoneally infected with the ∆phzC mutant exhibit early decreased bacterial loads and significantly increased survival compared with those infected with WT Mab. ∆phzC mutant Mab also induced lower transcript levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, IFN-γ) than those of WT Mab in the liver and lungs. In addition, there was impaired macrophage recruitment and decreased macrophage infection in tadpoles infected with the ∆phzC mutant, by tail wound inoculation, compared to those infected with the WT bacteria, as assayed by intravital confocal microscopy. These data underline the relevance and usefulness of X. laevis tadpoles as a novel comparative animal model to identify genetic determinants of Mab immunopathogenesis, suggesting a role for this novel and uncharacterized pathway in Mab pathogenesis and macrophage recruitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (N.J.M.); (D.D.); (L.A.B.); (M.S.P.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li C, Jiang N, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Chen R, Feng Y, Sang X, Chen Q. Toxoplasma sortilin interacts with secretory proteins and it is critical for parasite proliferation. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:105. [PMID: 38439083 PMCID: PMC10910794 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human sortilin protein is an important drug target and detection marker for cancer research. The sortilin from Toxoplasma gondii transports proteins associated with the apical organelles of the parasite. In this study, we aimed to determine the intracellular localization and structural domains of T. gondii sortilin, which may mediate protein transportation. Approaches to the functional inhibition of sortilin to establish novel treatments for T. gondii infections were explored. METHODS A gene encoding the sortilin protein was identified in the T. gondii genome. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were performed to identify the protein species transported by T. gondii sortilin. The interaction of each structural domain of sortilin with the transported proteins was investigated using bio-layer interferometry. The binding regions of the transported proteins in sortilin were identified. The effect of the sortilin inhibitor AF38469 on the infectivity of T. gondii was investigated. The binding site of AF38469 on sortilin was determined. RESULTS The subdomains Vps10, sortilin-C, and sortilin-M of the sortilin were identified as the binding regions for intracellular transportation of the target proteins. The sortilin inhibitor AF38469 bound to the Vps10 structural domain of T. gondii sortilin, which inhibited parasite invasion, replication, and intracellular growth in vitro and was therapeutic in mice infected with T. gondii. CONCLUSION The Vps10, sortilin-C, and sortilin-M subdomains of T. gondii sortilin were identified as functional regions for intracellular protein transport. The binding region for the sortilin inhibitor AF38469 was also identified as the Vps10 subdomain. This study establishes sortilin as a promising drug target against T. gondii and provides a valuable reference for the development of anti-T. gondii drug-target studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yize Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Qijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China.
- Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mao D, Yu P, Shinzato N, Zhang L, Zheng W, Lu S, Kakeya H. Precezomycin, a novel antibiotic biosynthetic precursor of cezomycin, from actinomycete Kitasatospora putterlickiae 10-13. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2024; 77:189-192. [PMID: 38200162 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A novel antibiotic biosynthetic precursor of cezomycin, named precezomycin (1), was isolated from culture broth of actinomycete Kitasatospora putterlickiae 10-13. The planar structure was determined by 1D/2D NMR and HR(ESI)MS data analyses, and the absolute configurations were established by TDDFT calculation of ECD spectra. Precezomycin (1) exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The discovery of 1 extends the natural product family of cezomycin and provides a new insight into understanding the biosynthetic process of these polyether ionophore metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Pengwei Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Naoya Shinzato
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Weiping Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ganesh BH, Raj AG, Aruchamy B, Nanjan P, Drago C, Ramani P. Pyrrole: A Decisive Scaffold for the Development of Therapeutic Agents and Structure-Activity Relationship. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300447. [PMID: 37926686 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
An overview of pyrroles as distinct scaffolds with therapeutic potential and the significance of pyrrole derivatives for drug development are provided in this article. It lists instances of naturally occurring pyrrole-containing compounds and describes the sources of pyrroles in nature, including plants and microbes. It also explains the many conventional and modern synthetic methods used to produce pyrroles. The key topics are the biological characteristics, pharmacological behavior, and functional alterations displayed by pyrrole derivatives. It also details how pyrroles are used to treat infectious diseases. It describes infectious disorders resistant to standard treatments and discusses the function of compounds containing pyrroles in combating infectious diseases. Furthermore, the review covers the uses of pyrrole derivatives in treating non-infectious diseases and resistance mechanisms in non-infectious illnesses like cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The important discoveries and probable avenues for pyrrole research are finally summarized, along with their significance for medicinal chemists and drug development. A reference from the last two decades is included in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharathi Hassan Ganesh
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE-AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - Anirudh G Raj
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - Baladhandapani Aruchamy
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE-AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - Pandurangan Nanjan
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
- Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - Carmelo Drago
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Prasanna Ramani
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE-AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rassbach J, Hilsberg N, Haensch VG, Dörner S, Gressler J, Sonnabend R, Semm C, Voigt K, Hertweck C, Gressler M. Non-canonical two-step biosynthesis of anti-oomycete indole alkaloids in Kickxellales. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2023; 10:19. [PMID: 37670394 PMCID: PMC10478498 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-023-00166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungi are prolific producers of bioactive small molecules of pharmaceutical or agricultural interest. The secondary metabolism of higher fungi (Dikarya) has been well-investigated which led to > 39,000 described compounds. However, natural product researchers scarcely drew attention to early-diverging fungi (Mucoro- and Zoopagomycota) as they are considered to rarely produce secondary metabolites. Indeed, only 15 compounds have as yet been isolated from the entire phylum of the Zoopagomycota. RESULTS Here, we showcase eight species of the order Kickxellales (phylum Zoopagomycota) as potent producers of the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-derived compounds lindolins A and B. The compounds are produced both under laboratory conditions and in the natural soil habitat suggesting a specialized ecological function. Indeed, lindolin A is a selective agent against plant-pathogenic oomycetes such as Phytophthora sp. Lindolin biosynthesis was reconstituted in vitro and relies on the activity of two enzymes of dissimilar evolutionary origin: Whilst the IAA-CoA ligase LinA has evolved from fungal 4-coumaryl-CoA synthetases, the subsequently acting IAA-CoA:anthranilate N-indole-3-acetyltransferase LinB is a unique enzyme across all kingdoms of life. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on bioactive secondary metabolites in the subphylum Kickxellomycotina and the first evidence for a non-clustered, two-step biosynthetic route of secondary metabolites in early-diverging fungi. Thus, the generally accepted "gene cluster hypothesis" for natural products needs to be reconsidered for early diverging fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Rassbach
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Nathalie Hilsberg
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Veit G Haensch
- Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dörner
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Gressler
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Robin Sonnabend
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Caroline Semm
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Microbial Resource Collection (JMRC), Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Kerstin Voigt
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Microbial Resource Collection (JMRC), Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 25, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Gressler
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans-Knöll-Institute, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang J, Wang X, Li X, Kong L, Du Z, Li D, Gou L, Wu H, Cao W, Wang X, Lin S, Shi T, Deng Z, Wang Z, Liang J. C-N bond formation by a polyketide synthase. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1319. [PMID: 36899013 PMCID: PMC10006239 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Assembly-line polyketide synthases (PKSs) are molecular factories that produce diverse metabolites with wide-ranging biological activities. PKSs usually work by constructing and modifying the polyketide backbone successively. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of CalA3, a chain release PKS module without an ACP domain, and its structures with amidation or hydrolysis products. The domain organization reveals a unique "∞"-shaped dimeric architecture with five connected domains. The catalytic region tightly contacts the structural region, resulting in two stabilized chambers with nearly perfect symmetry while the N-terminal docking domain is flexible. The structures of the ketosynthase (KS) domain illustrate how the conserved key residues that canonically catalyze C-C bond formation can be tweaked to mediate C-N bond formation, revealing the engineering adaptability of assembly-line polyketide synthases for the production of novel pharmaceutical agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jikaixing Biotech Inc., Shanghai, 200131, China
| | - Xixi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - LiangLiang Kong
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Zeqian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Gou
- School of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingdan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Genomics-Driven Discovery of Benzoxazole Alkaloids from the Marine-Derived Micromonospora sp. SCSIO 07395. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020821. [PMID: 36677886 PMCID: PMC9864271 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Benzoxazole alkaloids exhibit a diverse array of structures and interesting biological activities. Herein we report the identification of a benzoxazole alkaloid-encoding biosynthetic gene cluster (mich BGC) in the marine-derived actinomycete Micromonospora sp. SCSIO 07395 and the heterologous expression of this BGC in Streptomyces albus. This approach led to the discovery of five new benzoxazole alkaloids microechmycin A-E (1-5), and a previously synthesized compound 6. Their structures were elucidated by HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR data. Microechmycin A (1) showed moderate antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus SCSIO ML01 with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 8 μg mL-1.
Collapse
|
8
|
Harunari E, Mae S, Fukaya K, Tashiro E, Urabe D, Igarashi Y. Bisprenyl naphthoquinone and chlorinated calcimycin congener bearing thiazole ring from an actinomycete of the genus Phytohabitans. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2022; 75:542-551. [PMID: 36071213 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-022-00559-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A bisprenyl naphthoquinone, phytohabinone (1), and a calcimycin congener with unusual modifications, phytohabimicin (2), were isolated from the culture extract of Phytohabitans sp. RD003013. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by NMR and MS analyses, and the absolute configuration of 2 was established by using electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. The prenylation pattern of 1 was unprecedented among the known prenylated naphthoquinones. Compound 2 represents a spiroacetal core of polyketide origin substituted with a thiazole carboxylic acid and a dichrolopyrrole moiety, which is an unprecedented modification pattern in the known calcimycin family natural products. Remarkably, 2 showed moderate antimicrobial activity against a Gram-negative bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum while calcimycin was inactive. Additionally, 2 inhibits the migration of EC17 cancer cells at noncytotoxic concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enjuro Harunari
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Mae
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fukaya
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Etsu Tashiro
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Daisuke Urabe
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Igarashi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Horch T, Molloy EM, Bredy F, Haensch VG, Scherlach K, Dunbar KL, Franke J, Hertweck C. Alternative Benzoxazole Assembly Discovered in Anaerobic Bacteria Provides Access to Privileged Heterocyclic Scaffold. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205409. [PMID: 35656913 PMCID: PMC9400959 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Benzoxazole scaffolds feature prominently in diverse synthetic and natural product‐derived pharmaceuticals. Our understanding of their bacterial biosynthesis is, however, limited to ortho‐substituted heterocycles from actinomycetes. We report an overlooked biosynthetic pathway in anaerobic bacteria (typified in Clostridium cavendishii) that expands the benzoxazole chemical space to meta‐substituted heterocycles and heralds a distribution beyond Actinobacteria. The first benzoxazoles from the anaerobic realm (closoxazole A and B) were elucidated by NMR and chemical synthesis. By genome editing in the native producer, heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, and systematic pathway dissection we show that closoxazole biosynthesis invokes an unprecedented precursor usage (3‐amino‐4‐hydroxybenzoate) and manner of assembly. Synthetic utility was demonstrated by the precursor‐directed biosynthesis of a tafamidis analogue. A bioinformatic survey reveals the pervasiveness of related gene clusters in diverse bacterial phyla.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Therese Horch
- Deptartment of Biomolecular Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI Beutenbergstrasse 11a 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Evelyn M. Molloy
- Deptartment of Biomolecular Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI Beutenbergstrasse 11a 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Florian Bredy
- Deptartment of Biomolecular Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI Beutenbergstrasse 11a 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Veit G. Haensch
- Deptartment of Biomolecular Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI Beutenbergstrasse 11a 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Kirstin Scherlach
- Deptartment of Biomolecular Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI Beutenbergstrasse 11a 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Kyle L. Dunbar
- Deptartment of Biomolecular Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI Beutenbergstrasse 11a 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Jonathan Franke
- Deptartment of Biomolecular Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI Beutenbergstrasse 11a 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Deptartment of Biomolecular Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI Beutenbergstrasse 11a 07745 Jena Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences Friedrich Schiller University Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bilyk O, Oliveira GS, de Angelo RM, Almeida MO, Honório KM, Leeper FJ, Dias MVB, Leadlay PF. Enzyme-Catalyzed Spiroacetal Formation in Polyketide Antibiotic Biosynthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14555-14563. [PMID: 35921248 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A key step in the biosynthesis of numerous polyketides is the stereospecific formation of a spiroacetal (spiroketal). We report here that spiroacetal formation in the biosynthesis of the macrocyclic polyketides ossamycin and oligomycin involves catalysis by a novel spiroacetal cyclase. OssO from the ossamycin biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) is homologous to OlmO, the product of an unannotated gene from the oligomycin BGC. The deletion of olmO abolished oligomycin production and led to the isolation of oligomycin-like metabolites lacking the spiroacetal structure. Purified OlmO catalyzed complete conversion of the major metabolite into oligomycin C. Crystal structures of OssO and OlmO reveal an unusual 10-strand β-barrel. Three conserved polar residues are clustered together in the β-barrel cavity, and site-specific mutation of any of these residues either abolished or substantially diminished OlmO activity, supporting a role for general acid/general base catalysis in spiroacetal formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Bilyk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel S Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rafaela M de Angelo
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities (EACH), University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Michell O Almeida
- Institute of Chemistry of Sao Carlos (IQSC), University of Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Kathia Maria Honório
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities (EACH), University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Finian J Leeper
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Marcio V B Dias
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV47 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter F Leadlay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fernández-Lainez C, Logtenberg MJ, Tang X, Schols HA, López-Velázquez G, de Vos P. β(2→1) chicory and β(2→1)-β(2→6) agave fructans protect the human intestinal barrier function in vitro in a stressor-dependent fashion. Food Funct 2022; 13:6737-6748. [PMID: 35665791 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00534d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fibers such as fructans can protect the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, but the mechanisms underlying this protection are not completely understood. We aimed to study the protective effect of β(2→1)-β(2→6) branched graminan-type fructans (GTFs) on gut epithelial barrier function that was disrupted by three different agents which impact the barrier function via different cellular mechanisms. The effects of GTFs were compared with those of linear β(2→1) inulin-type fructans (ITFs). T84 intestinal epithelial monolayers were incubated with GTFs and ITFs. Afterwards, the monolayers were challenged with the barrier disruptors calcium ionophore A23187, 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and deoxynivalenol (DON). Transepithelial resistance was measured with an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system. All fructans studied prevented the barrier disruption induced by A23187. ITF II protected from the disruptive effects of PMA. However, none of the studied fructans influenced the disruption induced by DON. As a measure of disruption-induced inflammation, interleukin-8 (IL-8) production by the intestinal epithelium was determined by ELISA. The production of IL-8 induced by A23187 was decreased by all fructans, whereas IL-8 production induced by DON decreased only upon pre-treatment with ITF II. None of the studied fructans prevented PMA induced IL-8 production. GTFs just like ITFs can influence the barrier function and inflammatory processes in gut epithelial cells in a structure-dependent fashion. These distinct protective effects are dependent on the different signaling pathways that lead to gut barrier disruption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Fernández-Lainez
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Laboratorio de Errores innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Iman 1, 04530, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio D, 1° Piso. Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Madelon J Logtenberg
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Xin Tang
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Henk A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Gabriel López-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Iman 1, 04530, Cuidad de México, Mexico.
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Senges CHR, Warmuth HL, Vázquez-Hernández M, Uzun HD, Sagurna L, Dietze P, Schmidt C, Mücher B, Herlitze S, Krämer U, Ott I, Pomorski TG, Bandow JE. Effects of 4-Br-A23187 on Bacillus subtilis cells and unilamellar vesicles reveal it to be a potent copper ionophore. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2200061. [PMID: 35666003 PMCID: PMC10140759 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ionophores are small molecules or peptides that transport metal ions across biological membranes. Their transport capabilities are typically characterized in vitro using vesicles and single ion species. It is difficult to infer from these data which effects ionophores have on living cells in a complex environment (e.g. culture medium), since net ion movement is influenced by many factors including ion composition of the medium, concentration gradients, pH gradient, and protein-mediated transport processes across the membrane. To gain insights into the antibacterial mechanism of action of the semisynthetic polyether ionophore 4-Br-A23187, known to efficiently transport zinc and manganese in vitro, we investigated its effects on the gram-positive model organism Bacillus subtilis. In addition to monitoring cellular ion concentrations, the physiological impact of treatment was assessed on the proteome level. 4-Br-A23187 treatment resulted in an increase in intracellular copper levels, the extent of which depended on the copper concentration of the medium. Effects of copper accumulation mirrored by the proteomic response included oxidative stress, disturbance of proteostasis, metal and sulfur homeostasis. The antibiotic effect of 4-Br-A23187 is further aggravated by a decrease in intracellular manganese and magnesium. A liposome model confirmed that 4-Br-A23187 acts as copper ionophore in vitro. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph H R Senges
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Helen L Warmuth
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Vázquez-Hernández
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Huriye Deniz Uzun
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Leonie Sagurna
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Pascal Dietze
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Claudia Schmidt
- Inorganic and Organometallic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Technical University Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9112001, Israel
| | - Brix Mücher
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Herlitze
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ute Krämer
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Inorganic and Organometallic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Technical University Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Günther Pomorski
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia E Bandow
- Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Horch T, Molloy EM, Bredy F, Haensch VG, Scherlach K, Dunbar KL, Franke J, Hertweck C. Alternative Benzoxazole Assembly Discovered in Anaerobic Bacteria Provides Access to Privileged Heterocyclic Scaffold. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Therese Horch
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection BiologyHans Knöll Institute: Leibniz-Institut fur Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie eV Hans-Knoll-Institut Biomolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Evelyn M. Molloy
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection BiologyHans Knöll Institute: Leibniz-Institut fur Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie eV Hans-Knoll-Institut Biomolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Florian Bredy
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection BiologyHans Knöll Institute: Leibniz-Institut fur Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie eV Hans-Knoll-Institut Biomolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Veit G. Haensch
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection BiologyHans Knöll Institute: Leibniz-Institut fur Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie eV Hans-Knoll-Institut Biomolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Kirstin Scherlach
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection BiologyHans Knöll Institute: Leibniz-Institut fur Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie eV Hans-Knoll-Institut Biomolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Kyle L. Dunbar
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection BiologyHans Knöll Institute: Leibniz-Institut fur Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie eV Hans-Knoll-Institut Biomolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Jonathan Franke
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection BiologyHans Knöll Institute: Leibniz-Institut fur Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie eV Hans-Knoll-Institut Biomolecular Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI Department of Biomolecular Chemistry Beutenbergstr. 11a 07745 Jena GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schnegotzki R, Wiebach V, Sánchez-Hidalgo M, Tietzmann M, zur Bonsen AB, Genilloud O, Süssmuth RD. Total Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Cyclodepsipeptide Cochinmicin I. Org Lett 2022; 24:2344-2348. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Schnegotzki
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marina Sánchez-Hidalgo
- Department of Microbiology, Fundación MEDINA, Av. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Marcel Tietzmann
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas B. zur Bonsen
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Olga Genilloud
- Department of Microbiology, Fundación MEDINA, Av. Conocimiento 34, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Roderich D. Süssmuth
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ouyang H, Hong J, Malroy J, Zhu X. An E. coli-Based Biosynthetic Platform Expands the Structural Diversity of Natural Benzoxazoles. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:2151-2158. [PMID: 34530615 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Benzoxazoles are frequently found in synthetic pharmaceuticals and medicinally active natural products. To facilitate benzoxazole-based drug development, an eco-friendly and rapid platform for benzoxazole production is required. In this study, we have completed the biosynthesis of benzoxazoles in E. coli by coexpressing the minimal set of enzymes required for their biosynthesis. Moreover, by coupling this E. coli-based platform with precursor-directed biosynthesis, we have shown that the benzoxazole biosynthetic system is highly promiscuous in incorporating fluorine, chlorine, nitrile, picolinic, and alkyne functionalities into the scaffold. Our E. coli-based system thus paves the way for straightforward generation of novel benzoxazole analogues through future protein engineering and combinatorial biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanrong Ouyang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Joshua Hong
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jeshua Malroy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Xuejun Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Influence of Amino Acid Feeding on Production of Calcimycin and Analogs in Streptomyces chartreusis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168740. [PMID: 34444489 PMCID: PMC8394080 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 3882 produces the polyether ionophore calcimycin and a variety of analogs, which originate from the same biosynthetic gene cluster. The role of calcimycin and its analogs for the producer is unknown, but calcimycin has strong antibacterial activity. Feeding experiments were performed in chemically defined medium systematically supplemented with proteinogenic amino acids to analyze their individual effects on calcimycin synthesis. In the culture supernatants, in addition to known calcimycin analogs, eight so far unknown analogs were detected using LC-MS/MS. Under most conditions cezomycin was the compound produced in highest amounts. The highest production of calcimycin was detected upon feeding with glutamine. Supplementation of the medium with glutamic acid resulted in a decrease in calcimycin production, and supplementation of other amino acids such as tryptophan, lysine, and valine resulted in the decrease in the synthesis of calcimycin and of the known intermediates of the biosynthetic pathway. We demonstrated that the production of calcimycin and its analogs is strongly dependent on amino acid supply. Utilization of amino acids as precursors and as nitrogen sources seem to critically influence calcimycin synthesis. Even amino acids not serving as direct precursors resulted in a different product profile regarding the stoichiometry of calcimycin analogs. Only slight changes in cultivation conditions can lead to major changes in the metabolic output, which highlights the hidden potential of biosynthetic gene clusters. We emphasize the need to further study the extent of this potential to understand the ecological role of metabolite diversity originating from single biosynthetic gene clusters.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yi D, Acharya A, Gumbart JC, Gutekunst WR, Agarwal V. Gatekeeping Ketosynthases Dictate Initiation of Assembly Line Biosynthesis of Pyrrolic Polyketides. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7617-7622. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongqi Yi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Atanu Acharya
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - James C. Gumbart
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Will R. Gutekunst
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Vinayak Agarwal
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ding Y, Li X, Horsman GP, Li P, Wang M, Li J, Zhang Z, Liu W, Wu B, Tao Y, Chen Y. Construction of an Alternative NAD + De Novo Biosynthesis Pathway. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004632. [PMID: 33977072 PMCID: PMC8097395 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a life essential molecule involved in versatile biological processes. To date, only two de novo biosynthetic routes to NAD+ are described, both of which start from a proteinogenic amino acid and are tightly controlled. Here, a de novo quinolinic acid pathway starting from chorismate, which provides an alternative route (named as the C3N pathway) to NAD+ biosynthesis, is established. Significantly, the C3N pathway yields extremely high cellular concentrations of NAD(H) in E. coli. Its utility in cofactor engineering is demonstrated by introducing the four-gene C3N module to cell factories to achieve higher production of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and develop an efficient C3N-based whole-cell bioconversion system for preparing chiral amines. The wide distribution and abundance of chorismate in most kingdoms of life implies a general utility of the C3N pathway for modulating cellular levels of NAD(H) in versatile organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Xinli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Geoff P. Horsman
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryWilfrid Laurier UniversityWaterlooONN2L3C5Canada
| | - Pengwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jine Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
| | - Zhilong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
| | - Bian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic EngineeringInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kawai S, Sugaya Y, Hagihara R, Tomita H, Katsuyama Y, Ohnishi Y. Complete Biosynthetic Pathway of Alazopeptin, a Tripeptide Consisting of Two Molecules of 6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine and One Molecule of Alanine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10319-10325. [PMID: 33624374 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
DON (6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine), a diazo-containing amino acid, has been studied for more than 60 years as a potent antitumor agent, but its biosynthesis has not been elucidated. Here we reveal the complete biosynthetic pathway of alazopeptin, the tripeptide Ala-DON-DON, which has antitumor activity, by gene inactivation and in vitro analysis of recombinant enzymes. We also established heterologous production of N-acetyl-DON in Streptomyces albus. DON is synthesized from lysine by three enzymes and converted to alazopeptin by five enzymes and one carrier protein. Most interestingly, transmembrane protein AzpL was indicated to catalyze diazotization using 5-oxolysine and nitrous acid as substrates. Site-directed mutagenesis of AzpL indicated that the hydroxy group of Tyr-93 is important for the diazotization. These findings expand our knowledge of the enzymology of N-N bond formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Kawai
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yuko Sugaya
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryota Hagihara
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiroya Tomita
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yohei Katsuyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.,Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ohnishi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.,Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kawai S, Sugaya Y, Hagihara R, Tomita H, Katsuyama Y, Ohnishi Y. Complete Biosynthetic Pathway of Alazopeptin, a Tripeptide Consisting of Two Molecules of 6‐Diazo‐5‐oxo‐
l
‐norleucine and One Molecule of Alanine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Kawai
- Department of Biotechnology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Yuko Sugaya
- Department of Biotechnology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Ryota Hagihara
- Department of Biotechnology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Hiroya Tomita
- Department of Biotechnology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Yohei Katsuyama
- Department of Biotechnology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| | - Yasuo Ohnishi
- Department of Biotechnology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Katsuyama Y, Matsuda K. Recent advance in the biosynthesis of nitrogen–nitrogen bond–containing natural products. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 59:62-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
22
|
de Paiva FCR, Chan K, Samborskyy M, Silber AM, Leadlay PF, Dias MVB. The crystal structure of AjiA1 reveals a novel structural motion mechanism in the adenylate-forming enzyme family. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2020; 76:1201-1210. [DOI: 10.1107/s2059798320013431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Adenylate-forming enzymes (AFEs) are a mechanistic superfamily of proteins that are involved in many cellular roles. In the biosynthesis of benzoxazole antibiotics, an AFE has been reported to play a key role in the condensation of cyclic molecules. In the biosynthetic gene cluster for the benzoxazole AJI9561, AjiA1 catalyzes the condensation of two 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) molecules using ATP as a co-substrate. Here, the enzymatic activity of AjiA1 is reported together with a structural analysis of its apo form. The structure of AjiA1 was solved at 2.0 Å resolution and shows a conserved fold with other AFE family members. AjiA1 exhibits activity in the presence of 3-HAA (K
m = 77.86 ± 28.36, k
cat = 0.04 ± 0.004) and also with the alternative substrate 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (3-HBA; K
m = 22.12 ± 31.35, k
cat = 0.08 ± 0.005). The structure of AjiA1 in the apo form also reveals crucial conformational changes that occur during the catalytic cycle of this enzyme which have not been described for any other AFE member. Consequently, the results shown here provide insights into this protein family and a new subgroup is proposed for enzymes that are involved in benzoxazole-ring formation.
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen J, Gui C, Wei Q, Liu J, Ye L, Tian X, Gu YC, Li Q, Ju J. Characterization of Tailoring Methyltransferases Involved in K-41A Biosynthesis: Modulating Methylation to Improve K-41A Anti-infective Activity. Org Lett 2020; 22:4627-4632. [PMID: 32511927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) for polyether antibiotic K-41A was identified from marine-derived Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 01680 and subjected to combinatorial biosynthetic study. Bioinformatics analyses, gene disruption, and metabolomics analyses afforded eight new derivatives and one known polyether, showcasing five region-specific methyltransferases Pak13, Pak15, Pak20, Pak31, and Pak38 and their respective modification loci. Moreover, bioassays revealed that two disaccharide-bearing polyethers, K-41B and K-41Bm, display enhanced anti-HIV and potent antibacterial activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,College of Oceanology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chun Gui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,College of Oceanology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiuyu Wei
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xinpeng Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K
| | - Qinglian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Jianhua Ju
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,College of Oceanology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Song H, Rao C, Deng Z, Yu Y, Naismith JH. The Biosynthesis of the Benzoxazole in Nataxazole Proceeds via an Unstable Ester and has Synthetic Utility. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Song
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University 185 East Lake Road Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- Division of Structural BiologyWellcome Centre for Human Genetics Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7BN UK
- The Research Complex at Harwell Harwell Campus OX11 0FA UK
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute Harwell Campus OX11 0FA UK
| | - Cong Rao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University 185 East Lake Road Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University 185 East Lake Road Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University 185 East Lake Road Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
| | - James H. Naismith
- Division of Structural BiologyWellcome Centre for Human Genetics Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7BN UK
- The Research Complex at Harwell Harwell Campus OX11 0FA UK
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute Harwell Campus OX11 0FA UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Song H, Rao C, Deng Z, Yu Y, Naismith JH. The Biosynthesis of the Benzoxazole in Nataxazole Proceeds via an Unstable Ester and has Synthetic Utility. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6054-6061. [PMID: 31903677 PMCID: PMC7204872 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Heterocycles, a class of molecules that includes oxazoles, constitute one of the most common building blocks in current pharmaceuticals and are common in medicinally important natural products. The antitumor natural product nataxazole is a model for a large class of benzoxazole‐containing molecules that are made by a pathway that is not characterized. We report structural, biochemical, and chemical evidence that benzoxazole biosynthesis proceeds through an ester generated by an ATP‐dependent adenylating enzyme. The ester rearranges via a tetrahedral hemiorthoamide to yield an amide, which is a shunt product and not, as previously thought, an intermediate in the pathway. A second zinc‐dependent enzyme catalyzes the formation of hemiorthoamide from the ester but, by shuttling protons, the enzyme eliminates water, a reverse hydrolysis reaction, to yield the benzoxazole and avoids the amide. These insights have allowed us to harness the pathway to synthesize a series of novel halogenated benzoxazoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Song
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University185 East Lake RoadWuhan430071P. R. China
- Division of Structural BiologyWellcome Centre for Human GeneticsRoosevelt DriveOxfordOX3 7BNUK
- The Research Complex at HarwellHarwell CampusOX11 0FAUK
- The Rosalind Franklin InstituteHarwell CampusOX11 0FAUK
| | - Cong Rao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University185 East Lake RoadWuhan430071P. R. China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University185 East Lake RoadWuhan430071P. R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan University185 East Lake RoadWuhan430071P. R. China
| | - James H. Naismith
- Division of Structural BiologyWellcome Centre for Human GeneticsRoosevelt DriveOxfordOX3 7BNUK
- The Research Complex at HarwellHarwell CampusOX11 0FAUK
- The Rosalind Franklin InstituteHarwell CampusOX11 0FAUK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Niehs SP, Dose B, Scherlach K, Pidot SJ, Stinear TP, Hertweck C. Genome Mining Reveals Endopyrroles from a Nonribosomal Peptide Assembly Line Triggered in Fungal-Bacterial Symbiosis. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:1811-1818. [PMID: 31283172 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial endosymbiont (Burkholderia rhizoxinica) of the rice seedling blight fungus (Rhizopus microsporus) harbors a large number of cryptic biosynthesis gene clusters. Genome mining and sequence similarity networks based on an encoded nonribosomal peptide assembly line and the associated pyrrole-forming enzymes in the symbiont indicated that the encoded metabolites are unique among a large number of tentative pyrrole natural products in diverse and unrelated bacterial phyla. By performing comparative metabolic profiling using a mutant generated with an improved pheS Burkholderia counterselection marker, we found that the symbionts' biosynthetic pathway is mainly activated under salt stress and exclusively in symbiosis with the fungal host. The cryptic metabolites were fully characterized as novel pyrrole-substituted depsipeptides (endopyrroles). A broader survey showed that endopyrrole production is a hallmark of geographically distant endofungal bacteria, which produce the peptides solely under symbiotic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah P. Niehs
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dose
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Kirstin Scherlach
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sacha J. Pidot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Timothy P. Stinear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKI, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yue S, Song C, Li S, Huang P, Guo S, Hu H, Wang W, Zhang X. Synthesis of cinnabarinic acid by metabolically engineeredPseudomonas chlororaphisGP72. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:3072-3083. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng‐Jie Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Chen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Shu‐Qi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Hong‐Bo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
- National Experimental Teaching Center for Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Xue‐Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bilyk O, Samborskyy M, Leadlay PF. The biosynthetic pathway to ossamycin, a macrocyclic polyketide bearing a spiroacetal moiety. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215958. [PMID: 31039188 PMCID: PMC6490886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ossamycin from Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ossamyceticus is an antifungal and cytotoxic polyketide and a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial ATPase. Analysis of a near-complete genome sequence of the ossamycin producer has allowed the identification of the 127-kbp ossamycin biosynthetic gene cluster. The presence in the cluster of a specific crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase homologue suggests that the 5-methylhexanoate extension unit used in construction of the macrocyclic core is incorporated intact from the unusual precursor isobutyrylmalonyl-CoA. Surprisingly, the modular polyketide synthase uses only 14 extension modules to accomplish 15 cycles of polyketide chain extension, a rare example of programmed iteration on a modular polyketide synthase. Specific deletion of genes encoding cytochrome P450 enzymes has given insight into the late-stage tailoring of the ossamycin macrocycle required for the attachment of the unusual 2,3,4,6-deoxyaminohexose sugar l-ossamine to C-8 of the ossamycin macrocycle. The ossamycin cluster also encodes a putative spirocyclase enzyme, OssO, which may play a role in establishing the characteristic spiroketal moiety of the natural product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Bilyk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Markiyan Samborskyy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter F. Leadlay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ravindran A, Sunderrajan S, Pennathur G. Phylogenetic Studies on the Prodigiosin Biosynthetic Operon. Curr Microbiol 2019; 76:597-606. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
30
|
Computational identification of co-evolving multi-gene modules in microbial biosynthetic gene clusters. Commun Biol 2019; 2:83. [PMID: 30854475 PMCID: PMC6395733 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The biosynthetic machinery responsible for the production of bacterial specialised metabolites is encoded by physically clustered group of genes called biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). The experimental characterisation of numerous BGCs has led to the elucidation of subclusters of genes within BGCs, jointly responsible for the same biosynthetic function in different genetic contexts. We developed an unsupervised statistical method able to successfully detect a large number of modules (putative functional subclusters) within an extensive set of predicted BGCs in a systematic and automated manner. Multiple already known subclusters were confirmed by our method, proving its efficiency and sensitivity. In addition, the resulting large collection of newly defined modules provides new insights into the prevalence and putative biosynthetic role of these modular genetic entities. The automated and unbiased identification of hundreds of co-evolving group of genes is an essential breakthrough for the discovery and biosynthetic engineering of high-value compounds.
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
The development of benzoxazole containing drugs and research compounds has been discussed in the present review along with its varied pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antiasthmatic, antitubercular, anticonvulsant, lipid modulating, anticoagulants, antidiabetic and anthelmintic activities. The present review is a compilation of the biological activities determined in the research work conducted on benzoxazole-based compounds fused and linked with various other heterocycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayura Kale
- Government College of Pharmacy, Osmanpura, Aurangabad-431005, Maharashtra, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Recycling of Overactivated Acyls by a Type II Thioesterase during Calcimycin Biosynthesis in Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 3882. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.00587-18. [PMID: 29654175 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00587-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II thioesterases typically function as editing enzymes, removing acyl groups that have been misconjugated to acyl carrier proteins during polyketide secondary metabolite biosynthesis as a consequence of biosynthetic errors. Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 3882 produces the pyrrole polyether ionophoric antibiotic, and we have identified the presence of a putative type II thioesterase-like sequence, calG, within the biosynthetic gene cluster involved in the antibiotic's synthesis. However, targeted gene mutagenesis experiments in which calG was inactivated in the organism did not lead to a decrease in calcimycin production but rather reduced the strain's production of its biosynthetic precursor, cezomycin. Results from in vitro activity assays of purified, recombinant CalG protein indicated that it was involved in the hydrolysis of cezomycin coenzyme A (cezomycin-CoA), as well as other acyl CoAs, but was not active toward 3-S-N-acetylcysteamine (SNAC; the mimic of the polyketide chain-releasing precursor). Further investigation of the enzyme's activity showed that it possessed a cezomycin-CoA hydrolysis Km of 0.67 mM and a kcat of 17.77 min-1 and was significantly inhibited by the presence of Mn2+ and Fe2+ divalent cations. Interestingly, when S. chartreusis NRRL 3882 was cultured in the presence of inorganic nitrite, NaNO2, it was observed that the production of calcimycin rather than cezomycin was promoted. Also, supplementation of S. chartreusis NRRL 3882 growth medium with the divalent cations Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, and Fe2+ had a similar effect. Taken together, these observations suggest that CalG is not responsible for megasynthase polyketide precursor chain release during the synthesis of calcimycin or for retaining the catalytic efficiency of the megasynthase enzyme complex as is supposed to be the function for type II thioesterases. Rather, our results suggest that CalG is a dedicated thioesterase that prevents the accumulation of cezomycin-CoA when intracellular nitrogen is limited, an apparently new and previously unreported function of type II thioesterases.IMPORTANCE Type II thioesterases (TEIIs) are generally regarded as being responsible for removing aberrant acyl groups that block polyketide production, thereby maintaining the efficiency of the megasynthase involved in this class of secondary metabolites' biosynthesis. Specifically, this class of enzyme is believed to be involved in editing misprimed precursors, controlling initial units, providing key intermediates, and releasing final synthetic products in the biosynthesis of this class of secondary metabolites. Our results indicate that the putative TEII CalG present in the calcimycin (A23187)-producing organism Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 3882 is not important either for the retention of catalytic efficiency of, or for the release of the product compound from, the megasynthase involved in calcimycin biosynthesis. Rather, the enzyme is involved in regulating/controlling the pool size of the calcimycin biosynthetic precursor, cezomycin, by hydrolysis of its CoA derivative. This novel function of CalG suggests a possible additional activity for enzymes belonging to the TEII protein family and promotes better understanding of the overall biosynthetic mechanisms involved in the production of this class of secondary metabolites.
Collapse
|
33
|
Cezomycin Is Activated by CalC to Its Ester Form for Further Biosynthesis Steps in the Production of Calcimycin in Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 3882. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.00586-18. [PMID: 29654174 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00586-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcimycin, N-demethyl calcimycin, and cezomycin are polyether divalent cation ionophore secondary metabolites produced by Streptomyces chartreusis A thorough understanding of the organization of their encoding genes, biosynthetic pathway(s), and cation specificities is vitally important for their efficient future production and therapeutic use. So far, this has been lacking, as has information concerning any biosynthetic relationships that may exist between calcimycin and cezomycin. In this study, we observed that when a Cal- (calB1 mutant) derivative of a calcimycin-producing strain of S. chartreusis (NRRL 3882) was grown on cezomycin, calcimycin production was restored. This suggested that calcimycin synthesis may have resulted from postsynthetic modification of cezomycin rather than from a de novo process through a novel and independent biosynthetic mechanism. Systematic screening of a number of Cal-S. chartreusis mutants lacking the ability to convert cezomycin to calcimycin allowed the identification of a gene, provisionally named calC, which was involved in the conversion step. Molecular cloning and heterologous expression of the CalC protein along with its purification to homogeneity and negative-staining electron microscopy allowed the determination of its apparent molecular weight, oligomeric forms in solution, and activity. These experiments allowed us to confirm that the protein possessed ATP pyrophosphatase activity and was capable of ligating coenzyme A (CoA) with cezomycin but not 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid. The CalC protein's apparent Km and kcat for cezomycin were observed to be 190 μM and 3.98 min-1, respectively, and it possessed the oligomeric form in solution. Our results unequivocally show that cezomycin is postsynthetically modified to calcimycin by the CalC protein through its activation of cezomycin to a CoA ester form.IMPORTANCE Calcimycin is a secondary metabolite divalent cation-ionophore that has been studied in the context of human health. However, detail is lacking with respect to both calcimycin's biosynthesis and its biochemical/biophysical properties as well as information regarding its, and its analogues', divalent cation binding specificities and other activities. Such knowledge would be useful in understanding how calcimycin and related compounds may be effective in modifying the calcium channel ion flux and might be useful in influencing the homeostasis of magnesium and manganese ions for the cure or control of human and bacterial infectious diseases. The results presented here unequivocally show that CalC protein is essential for the production of calcimycin, which is essentially a derivative of cezomycin, and allow us to propose a biosynthetic mechanism for calcimycin's production.
Collapse
|
34
|
Pavlikova M, Kamenik Z, Janata J, Kadlcik S, Kuzma M, Najmanova L. Novel pathway of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid formation in limazepine biosynthesis reveals evolutionary relation between phenazines and pyrrolobenzodiazepines. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7810. [PMID: 29773836 PMCID: PMC5958127 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26179-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBDs) form a large and structurally diverse group of antitumour microbial metabolites produced through complex pathways, which are encoded within biosynthetic gene clusters. We sequenced the gene cluster of limazepines and proposed their biosynthetic pathway based on comparison with five available gene clusters for the biosynthesis of other PBDs. Furthermore, we tested two recombinant proteins from limazepine biosynthesis, Lim5 and Lim6, with the expected substrates in vitro. The reactions monitored by LC-MS revealed that limazepine biosynthesis involves a new way of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid formation, which we refer to as the chorismate/DHHA pathway and which represents an alternative to the kynurenine pathway employed for the formation of the same precursor in the biosynthesis of other PBDs. The chorismate/DHHA pathway is presumably also involved in the biosynthesis of PBD tilivalline, several natural products unrelated to PBDs, and its part is shared also with phenazine biosynthesis. The similarities between limazepine and phenazine biosynthesis indicate tight evolutionary links between these groups of compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pavlikova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kamenik
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Janata
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Kadlcik
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Najmanova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
The secreted metabolome of Streptomyces chartreusis and implications for bacterial chemistry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:2490-2495. [PMID: 29463727 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1715713115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinomycetes are known for producing diverse secondary metabolites. Combining genomics with untargeted data-dependent tandem MS and molecular networking, we characterized the secreted metabolome of the tunicamycin producer Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 3882. The genome harbors 128 predicted biosynthetic gene clusters. We detected >1,000 distinct secreted metabolites in culture supernatants, only 22 of which were identified based on standards and public spectral libraries. S. chartreusis adapts the secreted metabolome to cultivation conditions. A number of metabolites are produced iron dependently, among them 17 desferrioxamine siderophores aiding in iron acquisition. Eight previously unknown members of this long-known compound class are described. A single desferrioxamine synthesis gene cluster was detected in the genome, yet different sets of desferrioxamines are produced in different media. Additionally, a polyether ionophore, differentially produced by the calcimycin biosynthesis cluster, was discovered. This illustrates that metabolite output of a single biosynthetic machine can be exquisitely regulated not only with regard to product quantity but also with regard to product range. Compared with chemically defined medium, in complex medium, total metabolite abundance was higher, structural diversity greater, and the average molecular weight almost doubled. Tunicamycins, for example, were only produced in complex medium. Extrapolating from this study, we anticipate that the larger part of bacterial chemistry, including chemical structures, ecological functions, and pharmacological potential, is yet to be uncovered.
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang L, Liu Y, Lu R, Dong G, Chen X, Yun W, Zhou X. The role of S-nitrosylation of kainate-type of ionotropic glutamate receptor 2 in epilepsy induced by kainic acid. J Neurochem 2018; 144:255-270. [PMID: 29193067 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease affecting millions of individuals. Kainate receptors, especially kainate-type of ionotropic glutamate receptor 2 (GluK2), play an important role in epileptogenesis. Recent data showed that GluK2 could undergo post-translational modifications in terms of S-nitrosylation (SNO), and affect the signaling pathway of cell death in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. However, it is unclear whether S-nitrosylation of GluK2 (SNO-GluK2) contributes to cell death induced by epilepsy. Here, we report that kainic acid-induced SNO-GluK2 is mediated by GluK2 itself, regulated by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and the level of cytoplasmic calcium in vivo and in vitro hippocampus neurons. The whole-cell patch clamp recordings showed the influence of SNO-GluK2 on ion channel characterization of GluK2-Kainate receptors. Moreover, immunohistochemistry staining results showed that inhibition of SNO-GluK2 by blocking nNOS or GluK2 or by reducing the level of cytoplasmic calcium-protected hippocampal neurons from kainic acid-induced injury. Finally, immunoprecipitation and western blotting data revealed the involvement of assembly of a GluK2-PSD95-nNOS signaling complex in epilepsy. Taken together, our results showed that the SNO-GluK2 plays an important role in neuronal injury of epileptic rats by forming GluK2-PSD95-nNOS signaling module in a cytoplasmic calcium-dependent way, suggesting a potential therapeutic target site for epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linxiao Wang
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rulan Lu
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guoying Dong
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenwei Yun
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xianju Zhou
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Janata J, Kamenik Z, Gazak R, Kadlcik S, Najmanova L. Biosynthesis and incorporation of an alkylproline-derivative (APD) precursor into complex natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7np00047b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the biosynthetic and evolutionary aspects of lincosamide antibiotics, antitumour pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBDs) and the quorum-sensing molecule hormaomycin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Janata
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
| | - Z. Kamenik
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
| | - R. Gazak
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
| | - S. Kadlcik
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
| | - L. Najmanova
- Institute of Microbiology
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- BIOCEV
- Vestec
- Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pal S, Manjunath B, Ghorai S, Sasmal S. Benzoxazole Alkaloids: Occurrence, Chemistry, and Biology. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2018; 79:71-137. [PMID: 29455837 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Benzoxazole alkaloids exhibit a diverse array of structures and interesting biological activities. In spite of the extensive research done on the synthesis and biology, till date there is no concise update on this class of alkaloids. This chapter summarizes the literature on benzoxazole alkaloids till March 2017, which covers their isolation, characterization, possible biosynthetic origins, biological activities, and major synthetic approaches. These alkaloids have been broadly classified in the context of their sources, namely (i) fungal origin, (ii) marine origin, and (iii) plant origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sitaram Pal
- Syngenta Biosciences Private Limited, Research & Technology Centre, Santa Monica Works, Ilhas, Corlim, Goa, India.
| | - Bhanu Manjunath
- Syngenta Biosciences Private Limited, Research & Technology Centre, Santa Monica Works, Ilhas, Corlim, Goa, India
| | - Sujit Ghorai
- Syngenta Biosciences Private Limited, Research & Technology Centre, Santa Monica Works, Ilhas, Corlim, Goa, India
| | - Swarnendu Sasmal
- Syngenta Biosciences Private Limited, Research & Technology Centre, Santa Monica Works, Ilhas, Corlim, Goa, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gou L, Han T, Wang X, Ge J, Liu W, Hu F, Wang Z. A Novel TetR Family Transcriptional Regulator, CalR3, Negatively Controls Calcimycin Biosynthesis in Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 3882. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2371. [PMID: 29238338 PMCID: PMC5712553 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcimycin is a unique ionophoric antibiotic that is widely used in biochemical and pharmaceutical applications, but the genetic basis underlying the regulatory mechanisms of calcimycin biosynthesis are unclear. Here, we identified the calR3 gene, which encodes a novel TetR family transcriptional regulator and exerts a negative effect on calcimycin biosynthesis. Disruption of calR3 in Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 3882 led to significantly increased calcimycin and its intermediate cezomycin. Gene expression analysis showed that the transcription of calR3 and its adjacent calT gene were dramatically enhanced (30- and 171-fold, respectively) in GLX26 (ΔcalR3) mutants compared with the wild-type strains. Two CalR3-binding sites within the bidirectional calR3-calT promoter region were identified using a DNase I footprinting assay, indicating that CalR3 directly repressed the transcription of its own gene and the calT gene. In vitro electrophoretic mobility shift assays suggested that both calcimycin and cezomycin can act as CalR3 ligands to induce CalR3 to dissociate from its binding sites. These findings indicate negative feedback for the regulation of CalR3 in calcimycin biosynthesis and suggest that calcimycin production can be improved by manipulating its biosynthetic machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Gou
- School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Tiesheng Han
- School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Jingxuan Ge
- School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Fen Hu
- School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.,School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Losada AA, Méndez C, Salas JA, Olano C. Exploring the biocombinatorial potential of benzoxazoles: generation of novel caboxamycin derivatives. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:93. [PMID: 28545544 PMCID: PMC5445379 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The biosynthesis pathway of benzoxazole compounds caboxamycin and nataxazole have been recently elucidated. Both compounds share one of their precursors, 3-hydroxyanthranilate (two units in the case of nataxazole). In addition, caboxamycin structure includes a salicylate moiety while 6-methylsalycilate is the third scaffold in nataxazole. Pathways cross-talk has been identified in caboxamycin producer Streptomyces sp. NTK937, between caboxamycin and enterobactin pathways, and nataxazole producer Streptomyces sp. Tü6176, between nataxazole and coelibactin pathways. These events represent a natural form of combinatorial biosynthesis. Results Eleven novel caboxamycin derivatives, and five putative novel derivatives, bearing distinct substitutions in the aryl ring have been generated. These compounds were produced by heterologous expression of several caboxamycin biosynthesis genes in Streptomyces albus J1074 (two compounds), by combinatorial biosynthesis in Streptomyces sp. NTK937 expressing nataxazole iterative polyketide synthase (two compounds) and by mutasynthesis using a nonproducing mutant of Streptomyces sp. NTK937 (12 compounds). Some of the compounds showed improved bioactive properties in comparison with caboxamycin. Conclusions In addition to the benzoxazoles naturally biosynthesized by the caboxamycin and nataxazole producers, a greater structural diversity can be generated by mutasynthesis and heterologous expression of benzoxazole biosynthesis genes, not only in the respective producer strains but also in non-benzoxazole producers such as S. albus strains. These results show that the production of a wide variety of benzoxazoles could be potentially achieved by the sole expression of cbxBCDE genes (or orthologs thereof), supplying an external source of salicylate-like compounds, or with the concomitant expression of other genes capable of synthesizing salicylates, such as cbxA or natPK. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-017-0709-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armando A Losada
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Carmen Méndez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - José A Salas
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Carlos Olano
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Losada AA, Cano-Prieto C, García-Salcedo R, Braña AF, Méndez C, Salas JA, Olano C. Caboxamycin biosynthesis pathway and identification of novel benzoxazoles produced by cross-talk in Streptomyces sp. NTK 937. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:873-885. [PMID: 28417606 PMCID: PMC5481532 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces sp. NTK937, producer of benzoxazole antibiotic caboxamycin, produces in addition a methyl ester derivative, O‐methylcaboxamycin. Caboxamycin cluster, comprising one regulatory and nine structural genes, has been delimited, and each gene has been individually inactivated to demonstrate its role in the biosynthetic process. The O‐methyltransferase potentially responsible for O‐methylcaboxamycin synthesis would reside outside this cluster. Five of the genes, cbxR, cbxA, cbxB, cbxD and cbxE, encoding a SARP transcriptional regulator, salicylate synthase, 3‐oxoacyl‐ACP‐synthase, ACP and amidohydrolase, respectively, have been found to be essential for caboxamycin biosynthesis. The remaining five structural genes were found to have paralogues distributed throughout the genome, capable of partaking in the process when their cluster homologue is inactivated. Two of such paralogues, cbxC’ and cbxI’, coding an AMP‐dependent synthetase‐ligase and an anthranilate synthase, respectively, have been identified. However, the other three genes might simultaneously have more than one paralogue, given that cbxF (DAHP synthase), cbxG (2,3‐dihydro‐2,3‐dihydroxybenzoate dehydrogenase) and cbxH (isochorismatase) have three, three and five putative paralogue genes, respectively, of similar function within the genome. As a result of genetic manipulation, a novel benzoxazole (3′‐hydroxycaboxamycin) has been identified in the salicylate synthase‐deficient mutant strain ΔcbxA. 3′‐hydroxycaboxamycin derives from the cross‐talk between the caboxamycin and enterobactin pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armando A Losada
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carolina Cano-Prieto
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Raúl García-Salcedo
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alfredo F Braña
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carmen Méndez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - José A Salas
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos Olano
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
The enzymology of 135 assembly lines containing primarily cis-acyltransferase modules is comprehensively analyzed, with greater attention paid to less common phenomena. Diverse online transformations, in which the substrate and/or product of the reaction is an acyl chain bound to an acyl carrier protein, are classified so that unusual reactions can be compared and underlying assembly-line logic can emerge. As a complement to the chemistry surrounding the loading, extension, and offloading of assembly lines that construct primarily polyketide products, structural aspects of the assembly-line machinery itself are considered. This review of assembly-line phenomena, covering the literature up to 2017, should thus be informative to the modular polyketide synthase novice and expert alike.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian T Keatinge-Clay
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lu W, Yao X, Ouyang P, Dong N, Wu D, Jiang X, Wu Z, Zhang C, Xu Z, Tang Y, Zou S, Liu M, Li J, Zeng M, Lin P, Cheng F, Huang J. Drug Repurposing of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors That Alleviate Neutrophilic Inflammation in Acute Lung Injury and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis via Inhibiting Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase and Blocking LTB4 Biosynthesis. J Med Chem 2017; 60:1817-1828. [PMID: 28218840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are both serious public health problems with high incidence and mortality rate in adults, and with few drugs available for the efficient treatment in clinic. In this study, we identified that two known histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA, 1) and its analogue 4-(dimethylamino)-N-[7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl]benzamide (2), are effective inhibitors of Leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), across a panel of 18 HDAC inhibitors, using enzymatic assay, thermofluor assay, and X-ray crystallographic investigation. Importantly, both 1 and 2 markedly diminish early neutrophilic inflammation in mouse models of ALI and IPF under a clinical safety dose. Detailed mechanisms of down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines by 1 or 2 were determined in vivo. Collectively, 1 and 2 would provide promising agents with well-known clinical safety for potential treatment in patients with ALI and IPF via pharmacologically inhibiting LAT4H and blocking LTB4 biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xue Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ningning Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xingwu Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zengrui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhongyu Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shien Zou
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Minghua Zeng
- Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,Center for Complex Networks Research, Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Center for Cancer Systems Biology and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Jin Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lv M, Zhao J, Deng Z, Yu Y. Characterization of the Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for Benzoxazole Antibiotics A33853 Reveals Unusual Assembly Logic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 22:1313-24. [PMID: 26496684 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A33853, which shows excellent bioactivity against Leishmania, is a benzoxazole-family compound formed from two moieties of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and one 3-hydroxypicolinic acid. In this study, we have identified the gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of A33853 in Streptomyces sp. NRRL12068 through genome mining and heterologous expression. Bioinformatics analysis and functional characterization of the orfs contained in the gene cluster revealed that the biosynthesis of A33853 is directed by a group of unusual enzymes. In particular, BomK, annotated as a ketosynthase, was found to catalyze the amide bond formation between 3-hydroxypicolinic and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid during the assembly of A33853. BomJ, a putative ATP-dependent coenzyme A ligase, and BomN, a putative amidohydrolase, were further proposed to be involved in the benzoxazole formation in A33853 according to gene deletion experiments. Finally, we have successfully utilized mutasynthesis to generate two analogs of A33853, which were reported previously to possess excellent anti-leishmanial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meinan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cano-Prieto C, Losada AA, Braña AF, Méndez C, Salas JA, Olano C. Crosstalk of Nataxazole Pathway with Chorismate-Derived Ionophore Biosynthesis Pathways in Streptomyces sp. Tü 6176. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1925-1932. [PMID: 26083234 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces sp. Tü 6176, producer of cytotoxic benzoxazoles AJI9561, nataxazole, and 5-hydroxy-nataxazole, has been found to produce a fourth benzoxazole, UK-1. All derive from 3-hydroxy-anthranilate synthesized by the nataxazole biosynthesis machinery. However, biosynthesis of AJI9561, nataxazole, and 5-hydroxy-nataxazole requires 6-methylsalicylic acid also provided by nataxazole biosynthesis pathway, while biosynthesis of UK-1 utilizes salicylic acid produced by a salicylate synthase from the coelibactin biosynthesis pathway. This clearly suggests crosstalk between nataxazole and coelibactin pathways. Overproduction of UK-1 was obtained by growing a nataxazole non-producing mutant (lacking 6-methylsalicylate synthase, NatPK) in a zinc-deficient medium. Furthermore, Streptomyces sp. Tü 6176 also produces the siderophore enterobactin in an iron-free medium. Enterobactin production can be induced in an iron-independent manner by inactivating natAN, which encodes an anthranilate synthase involved in nataxazole production. The results indicate a close relationship between nataxazole, enterobactin and coelibactin pathways through the shikimate pathway, the source of their common precursor, chorismate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cano-Prieto
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Armando A Losada
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Alfredo F Braña
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Carmen Méndez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - José A Salas
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Carlos Olano
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería, s/n, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cano-Prieto C, García-Salcedo R, Sánchez-Hidalgo M, Braña AF, Fiedler HP, Méndez C, Salas JA, Olano C. Genome Mining of Streptomyces sp. Tü 6176: Characterization of the Nataxazole Biosynthesis Pathway. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1461-73. [PMID: 25892546 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces sp. Tü 6176 produces the cytotoxic benzoxazole nataxazole. Bioinformatic analysis of the genome of this organism predicts the presence of 38 putative secondary-metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters, including those involved in the biosynthesis of AJI9561 and its derivative nataxazole, the antibiotic hygromycin B, and ionophores enterobactin and coelibactin. The nataxazole biosynthesis gene cluster was identified and characterized: it lacks the O-methyltransferase gene required to convert AJI9561 into nataxazole. This O-methyltransferase activity might act as a resistance mechanism, as AJI9561 shows antibiotic activity whereas nataxazole is inactive. Moreover, heterologous expression of the nataxazole biosynthesis gene cluster in S. lividans JT46 resulted in the production of AJI9561. Nataxazole biosynthesis requires the shikimate pathway to generate 3-hydroxyanthranilate and an iterative type I PKS to generate 6-methylsalicylate. Production of nataxazole was improved up to fourfold by disrupting one regulatory gene in the cluster. An additional benzoxazole, 5-hydroxynataxazole is produced by Streptomyces sp. Tü 6176. 5-Hydroxynataxazole derives from nataxazole by the activity of an as yet unidentified oxygenase; this implies cross-talk between the nataxazole biosynthesis pathway and an unknown pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cano-Prieto
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería S/N, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Raúl García-Salcedo
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería S/N, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Marina Sánchez-Hidalgo
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería S/N, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Alfredo F Braña
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería S/N, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Hans-Peter Fiedler
- Mikrobiologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen (Germany)
| | - Carmen Méndez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería S/N, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - José A Salas
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería S/N, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Carlos Olano
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julian Clavería S/N, 33006 Oviedo (Spain).
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
The most common prokaryotic signal transduction mechanisms are the one-component systems in which a single polypeptide contains both a sensory domain and a DNA-binding domain. Among the >20 classes of one-component systems, the TetR family of regulators (TFRs) are widely associated with antibiotic resistance and the regulation of genes encoding small-molecule exporters. However, TFRs play a much broader role, controlling genes involved in metabolism, antibiotic production, quorum sensing, and many other aspects of prokaryotic physiology. There are several well-established model systems for understanding these important proteins, and structural studies have begun to unveil the mechanisms by which they bind DNA and recognize small-molecule ligands. The sequences for more than 200,000 TFRs are available in the public databases, and genomics studies are identifying their target genes. Three-dimensional structures have been solved for close to 200 TFRs. Comparison of these structures reveals a common overall architecture of nine conserved α helices. The most important open question concerning TFR biology is the nature and diversity of their ligands and how these relate to the biochemical processes under their control.
Collapse
|
48
|
Kadlčík S, Kučera T, Chalupská D, Gažák R, Koběrská M, Ulanová D, Kopecký J, Kutejová E, Najmanová L, Janata J. Adaptation of an L-proline adenylation domain to use 4-propyl-L-proline in the evolution of lincosamide biosynthesis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84902. [PMID: 24386435 PMCID: PMC3874040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically used lincosamide antibiotic lincomycin incorporates in its structure 4-propyl-L-proline (PPL), an unusual amino acid, while celesticetin, a less efficient related compound, makes use of proteinogenic L-proline. Biochemical characterization, as well as phylogenetic analysis and homology modelling combined with the molecular dynamics simulation were employed for complex comparative analysis of the orthologous protein pair LmbC and CcbC from the biosynthesis of lincomycin and celesticetin, respectively. The analysis proved the compared proteins to be the stand-alone adenylation domains strictly preferring their own natural substrate, PPL or L-proline. The LmbC substrate binding pocket is adapted to accomodate a rare PPL precursor. When compared with L-proline specific ones, several large amino acid residues were replaced by smaller ones opening a channel which allowed the alkyl side chain of PPL to be accommodated. One of the most important differences, that of the residue corresponding to V306 in CcbC changing to G308 in LmbC, was investigated in vitro and in silico. Moreover, the substrate binding pocket rearrangement also allowed LmbC to effectively adenylate 4-butyl-L-proline and 4-pentyl-L-proline, substrates with even longer alkyl side chains, producing more potent lincosamides. A shift of LmbC substrate specificity appears to be an integral part of biosynthetic pathway adaptation to the PPL acquisition. A set of genes presumably coding for the PPL biosynthesis is present in the lincomycin - but not in the celesticetin cluster; their homologs are found in biosynthetic clusters of some pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBD) and hormaomycin. Whereas in the PBD and hormaomycin pathways the arising precursors are condensed to another amino acid moiety, the LmbC protein is the first functionally proved part of a unique condensation enzyme connecting PPL to the specialized amino sugar building unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kadlčík
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kučera
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Chalupská
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Gažák
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Koběrská
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Ulanová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecký
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kutejová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovac Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucie Najmanová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Janata
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Raatschen N, Wenzel M, Ole Leichert LI, Düchting P, Krämer U, Bandow JE. Extracting iron and manganese from bacteria with ionophores - a mechanism against competitors characterized by increased potency in environments low in micronutrients. Proteomics 2013; 13:1358-70. [PMID: 23412951 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To maintain their metal ion homeostasis, bacteria critically depend on membrane integrity and controlled ion translocation. Terrestrial Streptomyces species undermine the function of the cytoplasmic membrane as diffusion barrier for metal cations in competitors using ionophores. Although the properties of the divalent cation ionophores calcimycin and ionomycin have been characterized to some extent in vitro, their effects on bacterial ion homeostasis, the factors leading to bacterial cell death, and their ecological role are poorly understood. To gain insight into their antibacterial mechanism, we determined the metal ion composition of the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis after treatment with calcimycin and ionomycin. Within 15 min the cells lost approximately half of their cellular iron and manganese content whereas calcium levels increased. The proteomic response of B. subtilis provided evidence that disturbance of metal cation homeostasis is accompanied by intracellular oxidative stress, which was confirmed with a ROS-specific fluorescent probe. B. subtilis showed enhanced sensitivity to the ionophores in medium lacking iron or manganese. Furthermore, in the presence of ionophores bacteria were sensitive to high calcium levels. These findings suggest that divalent cation ionophores are particularly effective against competing microorganisms in soils rich in available calcium and low in available iron and manganese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Raatschen
- Biology of Microorganisms, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gou L, Wu Q, Lin S, Li X, Liang J, Zhou X, An D, Deng Z, Wang Z. Mutasynthesis of pyrrole spiroketal compound using calcimycin 3-hydroxy anthranilic acid biosynthetic mutant. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:8183-91. [PMID: 23666477 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The five-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic pyrrole ring is a building block for a wide variety of natural products. Aiming at generating new pyrrole-containing derivatives as well as to identify new candidates that may be of value in designing new anticancer, antiviral, and/or antimicrobial agents, we employed a strategy on pyrrole-containing compound mutasynthesis using the pyrrole-containing calcimycin biosynthetic gene cluster. We blocked the biosynthesis of the calcimycin precursor, 3-hydroxy anthranilic acid, by deletion of calB1-3 and found that two intermediates containing the pyrrole and the spiroketal moiety were accumulated in the culture. We then fed the mutant using the structurally similar compound of 3-hydroxy anthranilic acid. At least four additional new pyrrole spiroketal derivatives were obtained. The structures of the intermediates and the new pyrrole spiroketal derivatives were identified using LC-MS and NMR. One of them shows enhanced antibacterial activity. Our work shows a new way of pyrrole derivative biosynthetic mutasynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi, 712100, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|