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Liu Y, Ai H. Current research update on group B streptococcal infection related to obstetrics and gynecology. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1395673. [PMID: 38953105 PMCID: PMC11215423 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1395673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Group B streptococcal (GBS) is a Gram-positive bacterium that is commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract and urogenital tract. GBS infestation during pregnancy is a significant contributor to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. This article aims to discuss the infectious diseases caused by GBS in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, as well as the challenges associated with the detection, treatment, and prevention of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Ai
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Follicular Development and Reproductive Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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2
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Barros RR, Barros CC, Kegele FCO, Francisca da S N Soares M, de Paula GR. Macrolide resistance among Streptococcus agalactiae during COVID-19 public health emergency in Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1445-1449. [PMID: 38687418 PMCID: PMC11153377 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
During COVID-19 public health emergence, azithromycin was excessively used in Brazil, as part of a controversial "early treatment", recommended by former national health authorities. Excessive usage of macrolides may increase resistance rates among beta-hemolytic streptococci. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the occurrence of resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin among Streptococcus agalactiae recovered from February 2020 to May 2023. Bacterial isolates (n = 116) were obtained from pregnant women and submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, investigation of macrolide resistance phenotypes and genotypes, and identification of capsular type. The overall rate of erythromycin not susceptible (NS) isolates was 25.9%, while resistance to clindamycin was 5.2%. Drug efflux, associated with the M phenotype and mef(A) gene, was the prevalent mechanism of resistance (80%). Capsular type Ia was predominant (39.8%), followed by II, III, and V (17.7% each). A higher diversity of types was observed in the last years of the study. Type IV has had an increasing trend over time, being the fourth most common in 2023. The majority of the isolates that expressed the M phenotype presented capsular type Ia, while those with iMLS phenotype presented capsular type V. Despite no causal relationship can be established, azithromycin excessive usage may be a possible factor associated with this higher rate of erythromycin NS isolates, compared with most previous national studies. On the other hand, resistance to clindamycin has not changed significantly. Therefore, in the studied clinical setting, clindamycin remains a useful alternative to intrapartum prophylaxis among penicillin-allergic pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Rocha Barros
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani de Melo 101 sala 304, 24210-130, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Clarissa Campos Barros
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani de Melo 101 sala 304, 24210-130, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fabíola C Oliveira Kegele
- Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Rui Barbosa 716, 22250-020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Geraldo Renato de Paula
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Dr. Mário Viana 523, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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3
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Verma S, Kumari M, Pathak A, Yadav V, Johri AK, Yadav P. Antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence genes of Streptococcus agalactiae serotypes of Indian origin. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:176. [PMID: 37407919 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02877-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a causative agent of various infections in newborns, immunocompromised (especially diabetic) non-pregnant adults, and pregnant women. Antibiotic resistance profiling can provide insights into the use of antibiotic prophylaxis against potential GBS infections. Virulence factors are responsible for host-bacteria interactions, pathogenesis, and biofilm development strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the biofilm formation capacity, presence of virulence genes, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of clinical GBS isolates. RESULTS The resistance rate was highest for penicillin (27%; n = 8 strains) among all the tested antibiotics, which indicates the emergence of penicillin resistance among GBS strains. The susceptibility rate was highest for ofloxacin (93%; n = 28), followed by azithromycin (90%; n = 27). Most GBS strains (70%; n = 21) were strong biofilm producers and the rest (30%; n = 9) were moderate biofilm producers. The most common virulence genes were cylE (97%), pavA (97%), cfb (93%), and lmb (90%). There was a negative association between having a strong biofilm formation phenotype and penicillin susceptibility, according to Spearman's rank correlation analysis. CONCLUSION About a third of GBS strains exhibited penicillin resistance and there was a negative association between having a strong biofilm formation phenotype and penicillin susceptibility. Further, both the strong and moderate biofilm producers carried most of the virulence genes tested for, and the strong biofilm formation phenotype was not associated with the presence of any virulence genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Verma
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Monika Kumari
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Anurag Pathak
- Department of Statistics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Atul Kumar Johri
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Puja Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India.
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Goto R, Jin W, Wachino JI, Arakawa Y, Kimura K. Improved disk diffusion method for simple detection of group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 105:115881. [PMID: 36586277 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We used 73 group B Streptococcus with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) isolates and determined more rational cutoff values of previously developed disk diffusion method for detecting PRGBS using oxacillin, ceftizoxime, and ceftibuten disks. Using the novel cutoff values, the three disks showed high sensitivity and specificity, which were above 90.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikuko Goto
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wanchun Jin
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
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5
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Dobrut A, Ochońska D, Brzozowska E, Górska S, Kaszuba-Zwoinska J, Gołda-Cępa M, Gamian A, Brzychczy-Wloch M. Molecular Characteristic, Antibiotic Resistance, and Detection of Highly Immunoreactive Proteins of Group B Streptococcus Strains Isolated From Urinary Tract Infections in Polish Adults. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:809724. [PMID: 35391726 PMCID: PMC8981152 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.809724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B streptococcus (GBS) is one of the uropathogens that causes urinary tract infections (UTIs). The aims of this article were molecular characterization, an analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, adherence to bladder endothelial cells, and the detection of immunoreactive proteins of 94 clinical strains of GBS isolated from adult Polish patients with UTI. Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by disk diffusion. Serotyping and Alp family genes detection were studied using multiplex PCR. Genetic profiles were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The adherence ability of the studied strains was estimated by incubation on human bladder microvascular endothelial cell line. Immunoreactive proteins were studied by immunoblotting. Antibiotic susceptibility investigation revealed that 22% of GBS strains were resistant to erythromycin, whereas 18% demonstrated resistance to clindamycin. cMLSB was present in 76% of the resistant strains, M phenotype was detected in 14%, whereas iMLSB was present for 10%. The most common serotype was serotype III (31%), followed by serotype V (27%), and serotype Ia (17%). The genes that dominated among other Alp genes were: epsilon (29%), alp2 (27%), and rib (23%). The most common co-occurring serotypes and Alp genes were: Ia and epsilon, III and rib, III and alp2, V and alp2, and V and alp3 (p < 0.001). The PFGE method showed high clonality for serotype V and cMLSB (p < 001). The PFGE method showed high clonality for serotype V. Furthermore, this serotype was significantly associated with the cMLSB phenotype (p < 0.001). The most common immunoreactive proteins demonstrated masses of 50 kDa and 45–47 kDa. Although examined GBS isolates showed high genetic diversity, immunoreactive proteins were common for most of the studied GBS isolates, which may indicate their conservation, and allows to consider them as potential immunodiagnostic markers. Although the examined GBS isolates showed high genetic diversity, immunoreactive proteins were shared by most of the studied GBS isolates. It may indicate their conservation, thus allowing to consider them as potential immunodiagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dobrut
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Ochońska
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Brzozowska
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sabina Górska
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kaszuba-Zwoinska
- Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Gamian
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Brzychczy-Wloch
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Barros RR, Alves KB, Luiz FBO, Ferreira DG. Prevalence of Streptococcus agalactiae capsular types among pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro and the impact of a capsular based vaccine. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-979020222e20633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Maeda T, Tsuyuki Y, Goto M, Yoshida H, Fujita T, Takahashi T. Dog/cat-origin quinolone-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae isolates with point mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions: Relatedness with clonal complex 10. J Infect Chemother 2021; 28:389-395. [PMID: 34848122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate dog/cat-origin quinolone-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae isolates with point mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) and to define the relatedness between quinolone-resistant isolates and their microbiological features of capsular genotype, sequence type (ST)/clonal complex (CC), and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene. METHODS With dog/cat-origin 22 isolates, type strain, and human-origin 6 isolates, we performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing by agar plate dilution method using levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and moxifloxacin. We also determined amino acid sequences in QRDRs of gyrA/gyrB/parC/parE genes and their point mutations. We conducted capsular genotyping, multilocus sequence typing, and AMR genotyping in our previous investigations. Correlations between quinolone-resistant population and their microbiological features were examined. RESULTS We found dog/cat-origin seven (31.8%) quinolone-resistant isolates harboring minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of levofloxacin 16-32 μg/mL, ciprofloxacin 32 μg/mL, and moxifloxacin 2-4 μg/mL: human three isolates indicated MICs of levofloxacin 16-64 μg/mL, ciprofloxacin 32 μg/mL, and moxifloxacin 2-16 μg/mL. Point mutations Ser81Leu in gyrA and Ser79Phe/Ser79Tyr/Asp83Asn/Gly128Asp in parC were observed among these resistant isolates: mutations Leu495Ile/Val503Ile in parE was found among quinolone-nonresistant isolates. There was a significant correlation between dog/cat-origin quinolone-resistant population and ST10 (p = 0.023)/CC10 (p = 0.021). CONCLUSION To our best knowledge, this is the first report assessing dog/cat-origin quinolone-resistant S. agalactiae. Our observations could be applied in future, by veterinarians while treating dogs and cats with clinical symptoms/signs suggestive of streptococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Maeda
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yuzo Tsuyuki
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan; Division of Clinical Laboratory, Sanritsu Zelkova Veterinary Laboratory, 3-5-5 Ogibashi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0011, Japan
| | - Mieko Goto
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Haruno Yoshida
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Fujita
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto, Saitama, 364-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan.
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Nishiyama N, Kinjo T, Uechi K, Parrott G, Nakamatsu M, Tateyama M, Fujita J. Clinical and bacterial features of Group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility from respiratory specimens: a case-control study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 41:1-8. [PMID: 34383176 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-021-04321-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is an invasive pathogen that causes sepsis and meningitis among infants, elderly adults, and immunosuppressed patients. Generally, GBS is susceptible to penicillin; however, GBS with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) has been reported. PRGBS are commonly isolated from respiratory specimens, but clinical features of patients with PRGBS remain unclear. In this case-control study, clinical features of patients with PRGBS and bacterial characteristics of these isolates from respiratory specimens were investigated. Patients with GBS at the University of the Ryukyus Hospital between January 2017 and June 2018 were retrospectively investigated. GBS were further classified into penicillin-susceptible GBS (PSGBS) and PRGBS using a drug susceptibility test. Moreover, serotypes, genotypes, and drug resistance genes of PRGBS isolates were determined. In total, 362 GBS were isolated, of which 46 were collected from respiratory specimens, which had the highest rate of PRGBS (24%). Compared to patients with PSGBS, those with PRGBS were more likely to have neuromuscular disease, poor performance status, risk of multidrug-resistant pathogen infection, prior pneumonia history within 1 year, and prior penicillin use within 1 year. Among eight PRGBS isolates, multilocus sequence typing revealed that five isolates were sequence type (ST) 358, two were ST3 and ST10, respectively, and one isolate was ST1404. All PRGBS isolates belonged to the ST1/ST19/ST10 group. This study reveals clinical characteristics of patients with PRGBS from respiratory specimens. Because invasive GBS infection cases are increasing, especially in the elderly, more attention should be paid to this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Nishiyama
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kinjo
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
| | - Kohei Uechi
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan.,Infection Control Center, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Gretchen Parrott
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Masashi Nakamatsu
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.,Infection Control Center, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Masao Tateyama
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.,Infection Control Center, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Jiro Fujita
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.,Infection Control Center, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
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Maeda T, Fukushima Y, Yoshida H, Goto M, Fujita T, Tsuyuki Y, Takahashi T. Biofilm production ability and associated characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from companion animals and humans. J Infect Chemother 2021; 27:1571-1577. [PMID: 34217606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated biofilm production ability (BPA) of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from companion animals/humans and clarified the relationship between BPA populations and other microbiological features. METHODS Companion animal-/human-origin isolates were collected with host information. We measured BPA using crystal violet staining, via virulence-associated gene profiling (hylB-pavA-pilB-spb1-srtC1-brpA), capsular genotyping, multilocus sequence typing, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotyping/genotyping. Significant difference in BPA of isolates from different hosts was assessed. We analyzed the association between BPA populations and the virulence genotypes, capsular genotypes, sequence types/clonal complexes, and AMR phenotypes/genotypes. Inhibitory effect of berberine on BPA was evaluated. RESULTS Five, twenty-six, and twenty-six isolates belonged to strong, moderate, and weak biofilm producers, whereas seventeen showed no biofilm production. We defined strong, moderate, or weak biofilm producers as the producer group (n = 57) to conduct a comparative analysis between the producer and non-producer populations. There was a significant correlation between the producer population and vaginal specimen. We found significant associations between the producer group and presence (57.9%) of pilB and between the non-producer population and presence (70.6%) of spb1. There was no association between the producer group and capsular genotypes, sequence types/clonal complexes, and AMR phenotypes/genotypes (except for a significant correlation between the producer group and AMR to minocycline). We confirmed inhibitory effect of berberine at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against the type strain on BPA. CONCLUSION Our observations suggest that S. agalactiae harboring pilB is more capable of producing biofilms, with berberine inhibitory effect at sub-MICs on BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Maeda
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yasuto Fukushima
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Haruno Yoshida
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Mieko Goto
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Fujita
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto, Saitama, 364-8501, Japan
| | - Yuzo Tsuyuki
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan; Division of Clinical Laboratory, Sanritsu Zelkova Veterinary Laboratory, 3-5-5 Ogibashi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0011, Japan
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan.
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10
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Zhang L, Kang WJ, Zhu L, Xu LJ, Guo C, Zhang XH, Liu QH, Ma L. Emergence of Invasive Serotype Ib Sequence Type 10 Group B Streptococcus Disease in Chinese Infants Is Driven by a Tetracycline-Sensitive Clone. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:642455. [PMID: 34055663 PMCID: PMC8162377 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.642455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious infections in infants. The extensive use of tetracycline has led to the selection of specific resistant and infectious GBS clones. The sequence type (ST) 10 GBS strain, causing invasive infections in infants, is becoming prevalent in China. We aimed to understand the clinical and microbiological characteristics of this GBS strain. Methods We conducted a retrospective study on infants with invasive GBS disease from the largest women’s and children’s medical center in Shanxi and collected data between January 2017 and October 2020. GBS isolates were analyzed by capsule serotyping, genotyping, antibiotic resistance, and surface protein genes. Results All ST10 isolates belonged to serotype Ib; type Ib/ST10 strains were responsible for 66.7% (14/21, P < 0.05) of infant invasive GBS infections during the period and all resulted in late-onset (LOD) and late LOD disease (14/14). Infants with type Ib/ST10 GBS disease had significantly higher rates of meningitis (9/14, 64.3%, p < 0.05) and clinical complications (5/14, 35.7%, p < 0.05). The Ib/ST10 GBS isolates had limited genetic diversity, clustered in the CC10/bca/PI-1 + PI-2a genetic lineage, showed resistance to erythromycin, lincomycin, and fluoroquinolones and sensitivity to tetracycline, and possessed genes ermT, ermB, and amino acid changes in gyrA and parC. Conclusions The probable clonal expansion can result in severe infections in infants and ongoing emergence of multi-drug resistant isolates. Continued monitoring for type Ib/ST10 GBS infections is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Children's Hospital Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wen-Juan Kang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Children's Hospital Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Children's Hospital Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li-Jun Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Children's Hospital Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Children's Hospital Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhang
- Department of Neonatology Department, Shanxi Children's Hospital Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qing-Hua Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Children's Hospital Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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11
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Campisi E, Rosini R, Romano MR, Balducci E, Pinto V, Brogioni B, De Ricco R, Fabbrini M, Spagnuolo A, Chiarot E, Berti F, Margarit I. Group B Streptococcus chimeric capsular polysaccharides as novel multivalent vaccine candidates. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:447-457. [PMID: 33956253 PMCID: PMC8100357 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10000-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The capsular polysaccharide of the human pathogen Group B Streptococcus is a key virulence factor and vaccine candidate that induces protective antibodies when conjugated to carrier proteins. It consists of long polymeric chains of oligosaccharide repeating units, and each of the ten capsular serotypes described so far presents a unique chemical structure with distinct antigenic properties; therefore, broad protection against this pathogen could be achieved by a combination of ten glycoconjugates. Capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis and assembly follow a polymerase-dependent pathway that is widespread in encapsulated bacteria and is encoded by a polycistronic operon. Here we exploited the sequence similarity between the capsule operons of types V and IX to generate hybrid polysaccharides incorporating epitopes of both serotypes in a single molecule, by co-expressing their specific CpsM, O, I glycosyltransferases in a single isolate. Physicochemical and immunochemical methods confirmed that an engineered strain produced a high molecular weight chimeric polysaccharide, combining antigenic specificities of both type V and IX. By optimizing the copy number of key glycosyltransferase genes, we were able to modulate the ratio between type-specific epitopes. Finally, vaccination with chimeric glycoconjugates significantly decreased the incidence of disease in pups born from immunized mice challenged with either serotype. This study provides proof of concept for a new generation of glycoconjugate vaccines that combine the antigenic specificity of different polysaccharide variants in a single molecule, eliciting a protective immune response against multiple serotype variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmondo Campisi
- GSK, Siena, Italy.,The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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12
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Yoshida H, Goto M, Takahiro M, Fukushima Y, Fujita T, Tsuyuki Y, Takahashi T. Intracellular invasion ability of Streptococcus agalactiae among non-invasive isolates from human adults and companion animals in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2021; 27:999-1004. [PMID: 33663930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the cell invasion ability (CIA) of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from humans and companion animals and clarified the relationship between CIA populations and their microbiological features. METHODS Human-origin and companion animal-origin isolates were collected along with host information. We measured CIA using human-lineage colon cancer epithelium (Caco-2) and keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines, via virulence-associated gene profiling (bca-rib-bac-lmb-cylE-hylB-pavA-pilB-spb1-srtC1-brpA), capsular genotyping, multilocus sequence typing, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotyping/genotyping. Significant differences in data regarding CIA into epithelium and keratinocytes and those of isolates from different hosts were assessed. We analyzed the association of CIA populations with the virulence genotypes, capsular genotypes, sequence types/clonal complexes, and AMR phenotypes/genotypes. RESULTS A comparative analysis was performed between human (n = 15) and canine (n = 17) non-invasive isolates. There was a difference in CIA data between Caco-2 and HaCaT cells using human and animal isolates. For percent invasion ability into Caco-2 cells, we designated values ≥ 0.1 as high-frequency CIA and values < 0.1 as low-frequency CIA. Fourteen isolates harbored high-frequency and 18 isolates harbored low-frequency strains. There was no association between the high-frequency population and the virulence genotypes, capsular genotypes, sequence types/clonal complexes, and AMR phenotypes/genotypes. CONCLUSION This is the first report assessing the invasion ability of S. agalactiae into HaCaT and Caco-2 cells. Our observations suggest that S. agalactiae is more capable of entering Caco-2 rather than HaCaT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruno Yoshida
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan.
| | - Mieko Goto
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Maeda Takahiro
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yasuto Fukushima
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Fujita
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto, Saitama, 364-8501, Japan
| | - Yuzo Tsuyuki
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan; Division of Clinical Laboratory, Sanritsu Zelkova Veterinary Laboratory, 3-5-5 Ogibashi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0011, Japan
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
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13
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Genomic characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae based on the pan-genome orthologous group analysis according to invasiveness and capsular genotype. J Infect Chemother 2021; 27:814-819. [PMID: 33526285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Following the construction of a bacterial pan-genome from the whole genome sequences on a web-based pipeline, all coding DNA sequences (CDSs) can be clustered into pan-genome orthologous groups (POGs), which is a similar approach to comparative genome hybridization on glass microscope slides. We aimed to clarify the genomic characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae based on the POG analysis. METHODS Sixty-six S. agalactiae isolates obtained from invasive specimens (blood and cerebrospinal fluid) and non-invasive specimens (urine and vaginal discharge) between 2010 and 2017 in Korea were subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS). Based on the WGS data, we conducted the POG analysis and constructed a phylogenetic tree along with capsular polysaccharide (CPS) genotyping. We compared the genomics of invasive vs. non-invasive isolates, as well as CPS III vs. non-CPS III genotypes. RESULTS Predicted pan- and core-genome sizes were 3416 and 1658 genes, respectively. We found four clusters consisting of CPS genotypes (III, VIII, Ib/VI, and Ia) in the phylogenetic tree. There were significant differences in two metabolic pathways specific to invasiveness, and in six metabolic pathways specific to CPS III type produced by CDSs. CONCLUSION Our observations reveal the pan- and core-genome sizes, four clusters of genomes distributed by CPS genotypes, and unique CDS features of S. agalactiae by comparative genomics in terms of invasiveness and CPS genotype.
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14
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LytR-CpsA-Psr Glycopolymer Transferases: Essential Bricks in Gram-Positive Bacterial Cell Wall Assembly. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020908. [PMID: 33477538 PMCID: PMC7831098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria contain a variety of glycopolymers (CWGPs), a significant proportion of which are covalently linked to the peptidoglycan (PGN) scaffolding structure. Prominent CWGPs include wall teichoic acids of Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcal capsules, mycobacterial arabinogalactan, and rhamnose-containing polysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria. CWGPs serve important roles in bacterial cellular functions, morphology, and virulence. Despite evident differences in composition, structure and underlaying biosynthesis pathways, the final ligation step of CWGPs to the PGN backbone involves a conserved class of enzymes-the LytR-CpsA-Psr (LCP) transferases. Typically, the enzymes are present in multiple copies displaying partly functional redundancy and/or preference for a distinct CWGP type. LCP enzymes require a lipid-phosphate-linked glycan precursor substrate and catalyse, with a certain degree of promiscuity, CWGP transfer to PGN of different maturation stages, according to in vitro evidence. The prototype attachment mode is that to the C6-OH of N-acetylmuramic acid residues via installation of a phosphodiester bond. In some cases, attachment proceeds to N-acetylglucosamine residues of PGN-in the case of the Streptococcus agalactiae capsule, even without involvement of a phosphate bond. A novel aspect of LCP enzymes concerns a predicted role in protein glycosylation in Actinomyces oris. Available crystal structures provide further insight into the catalytic mechanism of this biologically important class of enzymes, which are gaining attention as new targets for antibacterial drug discovery to counteract the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria.
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15
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Maeda T, Takayama Y, Fujita T, Taniyama D, Tsuyuki Y, Shibayama A, Goto M, Yoshida H, Takahashi T. Comparison between Invasive and Non-Invasive Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates from Human Adults, Based on Virulence Gene Profiles, Capsular Genotypes, Sequence Types, and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns. Jpn J Infect Dis 2020; 74:316-324. [PMID: 33390429 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2020.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed whether invasive group B Streptococcus (GBS) isolates were similar to non-invasive isolates from adult patients. Invasive and non-invasive GBS isolates were collected from three hospitals and two laboratory centers between January 2015 and October 2019. The isolates were identified by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and amplification of the GBS-specific dltS gene. The virulence gene profiles, capsular genotypes, sequence types (STs)/clonal complexes (CCs), and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes/genotypes were determined for the 72 invasive and 50 non-invasive isolates that were comparatively analyzed. We observed a significantly decreased rate of rib detection in the invasive isolates compared to that in the non-invasive isolates (77.8% vs. 92.0%, P < 0.05). Additionally, we found significant differences in the prevalence of CC1 (23.6% vs. 46.0%, P < 0.05) and CC26 (12.5% vs. 2.0%, P < 0.05) between invasive and non-invasive populations. However, there were no significant differences in the comparative data of the virulence gene profiles, capsular genotypes, other STs/CCs, and AMR phenotypes/genotypes between the two populations. These findings suggest that both invasive and non-invasive isolates share similar features in terms of virulence gene profile, capsular genotype, ST/CC, and AMR genotype/phenotype (except for the rates of rib detection and CC1/CC26 prevalence).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Maeda
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Takayama
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Japan.,Division of Clinical Laboratory, Byotai-Seiri Laboratory, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Fujita
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kitasato University Medical Center, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taniyama
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Japan.,Department of General Internal Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuzo Tsuyuki
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Japan.,Division of Clinical Laboratory, Sanritsu Laboratory, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Shibayama
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mishuku Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, Japan
| | - Mieko Goto
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Japan
| | - Haruno Yoshida
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Japan
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Japan
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Liu F, Chen S, Luu LDW, Lee SA, Tay ACY, Wu R, Riordan SM, Lan R, Liu L, Zhang L. Analysis of complete Campylobacter concisus genomes identifies genomospecies features, secretion systems and novel plasmids and their association with severe ulcerative colitis. Microb Genom 2020; 6:mgen000457. [PMID: 33111662 PMCID: PMC7725323 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter concisus is an emerging enteric pathogen that is associated with several gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Currently, only three complete C. concisus genomes are available and more complete C. concisus genomes are needed in order to better understand the genomic features and pathogenicity of this emerging pathogen. DNA extracted from 22 C. concisus strains were subjected to Oxford Nanopore genome sequencing. Complete genome assembly was performed using Nanopore genome data in combination with previously reported short-read Illumina data. Genome features of complete C. concisus genomes were analysed using bioinformatic tools. The enteric disease associations of C. concisus plasmids were examined using 239 C. concisus strains and confirmed using PCRs. Proteomic analysis was used to examine T6SS secreted proteins. We successfully obtained 13 complete C. concisus genomes in this study. Analysis of 16 complete C. concisus genomes (3 from public databases) identified multiple novel plasmids. pSma1 plasmid was found to be associated with severe UC. Sec-SRP, Tat and T6SS were found to be the main secretion systems in C. concisus and proteomic data showed a functional T6SS despite the lack of ClpV. T4SS was found in 25% of complete C. concisus genomes. This study also found that GS2 strains had larger genomes and higher GC content than GS1 strains and more often had plasmids. In conclusion, this study provides fundamental genomic data for understanding C. concisus plasmids, genomospecies features, evolution, secretion systems and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Siying Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laurence Don Wai Luu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Seul A. Lee
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alfred Chin Yen Tay
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Ruochen Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen M. Riordan
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ruiting Lan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Hirai N, Kasahara K, Nakano R, Ogawa Y, Suzuki Y, Ogawa M, Hishiya N, Nakano A, Ichimura S, Yano H, Yoshikawa M. Clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae infections between 2007 and 2016 in Nara, Japan. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240590. [PMID: 33075112 PMCID: PMC7571711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) infections are increasingly common among neonates and the elderly. Therefore, GBS surveillance for better antibiotic treatment and prophylaxis strategies are needed. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical aspects of invasive infections and the phenotypic and genetic diversity of infectious isolates from Nara, Japan, collected between 2007 and 2016, by using information from hospital records. GBS strains collected from the blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures were evaluated for capsular types, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), antibiotic susceptibility, antibiotics resistance gene, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Forty GBS isolates (10 from children and 30 from adults) were analyzed, and the distribution of molecular serotype and allelic profiles varied between children and adults. We found the rates of early-onset disease in neonates with birth complications to be higher than that of previous reports, indicating that there could be relevance between complications at birth and early-onset disease. Standard antibiotic prophylaxis strategies may need to be reconsidered in patients with birth complications. In adults, the mean age of the patients was 68 years (male: 63%). Primary bacteremia was the most common source of infection. In the neonates, six had early-onset diseases and four had late-onset diseases. The most frequently identified strains were molecular serotype Ia ST23 (40%) and molecular serotype Ib ST10 (20%) in children and molecular serotype Ib ST10 (17%), molecular serotype VI ST1 (13%), and molecular serotype V ST1 (13%) in adults. Levofloxacin-resistant molecular serotype Ib strains and molecular serotypes V and VI ST1 were common causes of GBS infection in adults but were rarely found in children. Furthermore, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in our study showed that specific clone isolates, that tend to have antibiotics resistance were widespread horizontally for a decade. Continuous surveillance and molecular investigation are warranted to identify the transmission route and improve antibiotic treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyasu Hirai
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kei Kasahara
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Ryuichi Nakano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ogawa
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuki Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Miho Ogawa
- BML Biomedical Laboratories R&D Center, Inc., Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naokuni Hishiya
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Akiyo Nakano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Ichimura
- BML Biomedical Laboratories R&D Center, Inc., Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Yano
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masahide Yoshikawa
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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18
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Takahashi T, Maeda T, Lee S, Lee DH, Kim S. Clonal Distribution of Clindamycin-Resistant Erythromycin-Susceptible (CRES) Streptococcus agalactiae in Korea Based on Whole Genome Sequences. Ann Lab Med 2020; 40:370-381. [PMID: 32311850 PMCID: PMC7169627 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2020.40.5.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clindamycin-resistant erythromycin-susceptible (CRES) phenotype is rare in Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci). We aimed to determine the molecular characteristics of CRES S. agalactiae using whole genome sequencing (WGS). METHODS Sixty-six S. agalactiae isolates obtained from blood (N=26), cerebrospinal fluid (N=10), urine (N=17), and vaginal discharge (N=13) between 2010 and 2017 in Korea were subjected to WGS. Based on the WGS data, we analyzed antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants, sequence types (STs), capsular polysaccharide (CPS) genotypes, and virulence gene profiles, and constructed a phylogenetic tree. We included the clindamycin-susceptible erythromycin-resistant (CSER) phenotype for comparison. RESULTS We identified seven CRES S. agalactiae isolates from urine (N=5) and vaginal discharge (N=2) collected between 2010 and 2011. All CRES isolates harbored AMR determinants of lnu(B), lsa(E), and aac(6')-aph(2″), revealed ST19 and CPS genotype III, and had a virulence gene profile of rib-lmb-cylE. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that all CRES isolates belonged to the same cluster, suggesting a clonal distribution. In contrast, seven CSER isolates showed a diverse distribution and clustered separately from the CRES isolates. CONCLUSIONS CRES isolates collected between 2010 and 2011 showed a unique cluster with ST19 and CPS genotype III in Korea. This is the first report on WGS-based characteristics of S. agalactiae in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo,
Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo,
Japan
| | - Seungjun Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon,
Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju,
Korea
| | - Sunjoo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon,
Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju,
Korea
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Hayes K, O'Halloran F, Cotter L. A review of antibiotic resistance in Group B Streptococcus: the story so far. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46:253-269. [PMID: 32363979 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1758626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of neonatal disease worldwide, and invasive disease in adults is becoming more prevalent. Currently, some countries adopt an intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis regime to help prevent the transmission of GBS from mother to neonate during delivery. This precaution has reduced the incidence of GBS-associated early-onset disease; however, rates of late-onset disease and stillbirths associated with GBS infections remain unchanged. GBS is still recognized as being universally susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics; however, there have been reports of reduced susceptibility to beta-lactams, including penicillin, in some countries. Resistance to second-line antibiotics, such as erythromycin and clindamycin, remains high amongst GBS, with several countries noting increased resistance rates in recent years. Moreover, resistance to other antibiotic classes, such as fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, also continues to rise. In instances where patients are allergic to penicillin and second-line antibiotics are ineffective, vancomycin is administered. While vancomycin, a last resort antibiotic, still remains largely effective, there have been two documented cases of vancomycin resistance in GBS. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in GBS and outlines the specific resistance mechanisms identified in GBS isolates to date.
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20
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Maeda T, Tsuyuki Y, Fujita T, Fukushima Y, Goto M, Yoshida H, Takahashi T. Comparison of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates from Humans and Companion Animals Reveals Genotypic and Phenotypic Differences. Jpn J Infect Dis 2020; 73:308-315. [PMID: 32009057 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2019.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed whether Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from companion animals differed from those of human origin. Beta-hemolytic S. agalactiae was collected from a veterinary laboratory center and a university hospital. Strains were identified using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and amplification of the species-specific dltS gene. We conducted virulence gene profiling, capsular genotyping, determination of clonal complex (CC), and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotyping or genotyping. The 20 non-invasive isolates obtained from animals and 15 non-invasive isolates from adult humans were comparatively analyzed in this study. We found significant differences in the virulence gene profiles of bca-rib-lmb-cylE (40.0% vs. 93.3%) and the possession of bac (30.0% vs. 0%) between animal-origin and human-origin non-invasive strains. We observed a significant difference in the distribution of CC1 between the two non-invasive populations. There were significant differences in the prevalence of tetracycline resistance genotypes (60.0% vs. 20.0%) and absence of AMR genotypes (30.0% vs. 80.0%), and AMR rates of tetracycline (35.0% vs. 0%) and fluoroquinolone (20.0% vs. 66.7%) between the two non-invasive populations. These observations suggest that there were different features, in terms of virulence gene profile, CC, and AMR genotype/phenotype in the non-invasive isolates of animal origin compared to those of human origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Maeda
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan
| | - Yuzo Tsuyuki
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan.,Division of Clinical Laboratory, Sanritsu Zelkova Veterinary Laboratory, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Fujita
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kitasato University Medical Center, Japan
| | - Yasuto Fukushima
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan
| | - Mieko Goto
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan
| | - Haruno Yoshida
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan
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21
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O. Luiz FBD, Alves KB, Barros RR. Prevalence and long-term persistence of beta-haemolytic streptococci throat carriage among children and young adults. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:1526-1533. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Baptista de O. Luiz
- Departamento Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Professor Ernani de Melo 101, Niterói, RJ, 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Karen B. Alves
- Departamento Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Professor Ernani de Melo 101, Niterói, RJ, 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Rosana R. Barros
- Departamento Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Professor Ernani de Melo 101, Niterói, RJ, 24210-130, Brazil
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Moroi H, Kimura K, Kotani T, Tsuda H, Banno H, Jin W, Wachino JI, Yamada K, Mitsui T, Yamashita M, Kikkawa F, Arakawa Y. Isolation of group B Streptococcus with reduced β-lactam susceptibility from pregnant women. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:2-7. [PMID: 30866792 PMCID: PMC6455180 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2018.1557987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
β-Lactam antibiotics are first-line agents for the treatment and prevention of group B Streptococcus (GBS) infections. We previously reported clinical GBS isolates with reduced β-lactam susceptibility (GBS-RBS) and characterized them as harbouring amino acid substitutions in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). However, to our knowledge, GBS-RBS clinical isolates have never previously been isolated from pregnant women worldwide. We obtained 477 clinical GBS isolates from vaginal/rectal swabs of 4530 pregnant women in Japan. We determined the MICs of seven β-lactams for all 477 clinical isolates. Five clinical isolates showed reduced ceftibuten susceptibility. For these isolates, we performed sequencing analysis of pbp genes. None of the 477 isolates were non-susceptible to penicillin G, ampicillin, and meropenem. For five isolates, the MICs of ceftibuten were relatively high (64–128 μg/ml). Each of these isolates possessed a single amino acid substitution in PBP2X, and some of the substitutions had been previously found in GBS with reduced penicillin susceptibility. This is the first report of the isolation of clinical GBS-RBS isolates harbouring amino acid substitutions in PBP2X that confer reduced ceftibuten susceptibility from pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Moroi
- a Department of Bacteriology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Kouji Kimura
- a Department of Bacteriology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Tomomi Kotani
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Banno
- a Department of Bacteriology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Wanchun Jin
- a Department of Bacteriology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Wachino
- a Department of Bacteriology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Keiko Yamada
- a Department of Bacteriology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | | | | | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- a Department of Bacteriology , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya , Japan
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Moroi H, Kimura K, Ido A, Banno H, Jin W, Wachino JI, Yamada K, Kikkawa F, Park YJ, Arakawa Y. Erythromycin-Susceptible but Clindamycin-Resistant Phenotype of Clinical ermB-PCR-Positive Group B Streptococci Isolates with IS1216E-Inserted ermB. Jpn J Infect Dis 2019; 72:420-422. [PMID: 31257242 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2019.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is a pathogen which causes neo natal sepsis, meningitis, and invasive infections in the elderly and people with medical conditions. Macrolide and lincosamide resistance rates of GBS strains have been increasing worldwide. A macrolide resistance gene, erythromycin ribosomal methylase (erm), typically confers macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B resistance phenotype. However, in the current study, we recovered and characterized 3 clinical ermB-PCR-positive isolates of GBS with L phenotype. The presence of ermB and lnuB (lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase) genes in all 3 clinical isolates was confirmed using PCR. The ermB gene of the clinical isolates harbored C222T (N74N), T224C (I75T), and A299G (N100S) nucleotide (amino acid) substitutions, and insertion of an IS1216E element at nucleotide position 643, resulted in the deletion of a segment spanning nucleotides 643-738 of ermB gene, which suggested the loss-of-function of ErmB protein in the 3 clinical isolates. Since these clinical isolates show positive PCR result for a drug resistance gene despite its partial deletion, these results contradict their drug resistance phenotype. These factors must be considered while performing PCR-based detection of antimicrobial drug resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Moroi
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ayaka Ido
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hirotsugu Banno
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Wanchun Jin
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Jun-Ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Keiko Yamada
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yeon-Joon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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Mohamed Sadaka S, Abdelsalam Aly H, Ahmed Meheissen M, Orief YI, Mohamed Arafa B. Group B streptococcal carriage, antimicrobial susceptibility, and virulence related genes among pregnant women in Alexandria, Egypt. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Salama Mohamed Sadaka
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala Abdelsalam Aly
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ahmed Meheissen
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yasser Ibrahim Orief
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Basma Mohamed Arafa
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt
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Kitamura M, Kimura K, Ido A, Seki T, Banno H, Jin W, Wachino JI, Yamada K, Arakawa Y. Relatively high rates of cefotaxime- and ceftriaxone-non-susceptible isolates among group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) in Japan. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 74:931-934. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kitamura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ido
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomomi Seki
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Banno
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Wanchun Jin
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamada
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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26
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Nagano N, Koide S, Hayashi W, Taniguchi Y, Tanaka H, Maeyama Y, Suzuki M, Kimura K, Arakawa Y, Nagano Y. Population-level transition of capsular polysaccharide types among sequence type 1 group B Streptococcus isolates with reduced penicillin susceptibility during a long-term hospital epidemic. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 53:203-210. [PMID: 30414439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Over a 35-month period, group B Streptococcus isolates with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) were detected from elderly patients at a regional hospital in Japan, accompanying population-level transition of PRGBS serotypes. The genetic relatedness of 77 non-duplicate PRGBS from 73 patients was analysed. Serotype III PRGBS predominated (16 serotype III/1 serotype Ib) in the first 9 months (period I), then 3 serotype Ib isolates appeared transiently for the next 3 months (period II), which was replaced predominantly by serotype Ia (20 serotype Ia/1 serotype III/1 non-typeable) for 9 months (period III). In the last 14 months (period IV), besides 25 serotype Ia isolates, 10 serotype III were also identified. Serotypes III and Ia isolates, belonging to ST1, shared G329V, G398A, V405A and G429D substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 2X. Of three strains subjected to whole-genome sequencing, serotype III strain SU12 (period I) had a higher degree of genomic similarity with serotype Ia strain SU97 (period III) than serotype Ib strain SU67 (period II) based on average nucleotide identity and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Analysis of the cps gene clusters and the upstream and downstream flanking sequences revealed that disruption of the hyaluronidase gene located upstream of cpsY by insertion of IS1548 was found in strain SU12, whereas ΔISSag8 was inserted between tRNA-Arg and rpsA genes located downstream of cpsL in strain SU97. Interestingly, most serotype III PRGBS re-emerging in period IV had this tRNA-Arg-ΔISSag8-rpsA region. Capsular switching and nosocomial transmission may possibly contribute to population-level serotype replacement among ST1 PRGBS isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Nagano
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Shota Koide
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Wataru Hayashi
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yui Taniguchi
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hayato Tanaka
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Maeyama
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Masahiro Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nagano
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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Fukushima Y, Tsuyuki Y, Goto M, Yoshida H, Takahashi T. Species Identification of β-Hemolytic Streptococci from Diseased Companion Animals and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Data in Japan (2017). Jpn J Infect Dis 2018; 72:94-98. [PMID: 30381681 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2018.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the species and assess the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of β-hemolytic streptococci isolated from companion animals in Japan. Strains were isolated from clinical specimens of 131 companion animals that exhibited symptoms in April-May 2017. We identified strains by 16S rRNA sequencing and assessed their antimicrobial susceptibility using the broth microdilution method. AMR genes erm(A)-erm(B)-mef(A) and tet(M)-tet(O)-tet(K)-tet(L)-tet(S) in all isolates were amplified by PCR. 16S rRNA sequencing identified β-hemolytic streptococcal species as Streptococcus canis (n = 117, 89.3%), S. agalactiae (n = 7), S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (n = 5), S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (n = 1), and S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus (n = 1). Overall AMR rates were 39.7% for minocycline, 19.8% for erythromycin, and 17.6% for clindamycin, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) of > 4, > 2, and > 1 μg/mL, respectively. AMR genotyping showed the presence of single or mixed types: erm(B)-mef(A) and tet(M)-tet(O)-tet(L)-tet(S). There was a significant relationship between tetracycline-resistance genotypes and open pus/skin-derived specimens. These observations identify some unique features of β-hemolytic streptococcal isolates from companion animals in Japan, such as the dominant isolation of S. canis and resistance to tetracycline, macrolide, and lincosamide antibiotics, in terms of species identification and AMR properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuto Fukushima
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Yuzo Tsuyuki
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University.,Division of Clinical Laboratory, Sanritsu Zelkova Veterinary Laboratory
| | - Mieko Goto
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Haruno Yoshida
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University
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Bonofiglio L, Gagetti P, García Gabarrot G, Kaufman S, Mollerach M, Toresani I, Vigliarolo L, von Specht M, Lopardo HA. Susceptibility to β-lactams in β-hemolytic streptococci. Rev Argent Microbiol 2018; 50:431-435. [PMID: 29548731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Group B Streptococci and Trichomonas vaginalis infections in pregnant women and those with spontaneous abortion at Sanandaj, Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 10:166-170. [PMID: 30112154 PMCID: PMC6087698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Group B Streptococcali (GBS) is an important factor in newborn deaths in developed and developing countries. Trichomoniasis is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the world, which is caused by protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis). The present study compares the frequency of GBS and T. vaginalis genital infections in pregnant women, women with spontaneous abortion, as well as its role in spontaneous abortion. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, 109 women were included with spontaneous abortion with gestational ages between 11-20 weeks and 109 pregnant women with gestational ages between 35-37 weeks in Sanandaj, Iran. DNA was extracted by endocervical swabs and subjected to PCR assays. The independent t-test was used; and for comparing other qualitative variables in each group, the Chi-Square Test was used. RESULTS The age of the women ranged from 19-43 years (29.6 ± 5.9) and in the control group the age range was from 19-42 years (27.8 ± 4.87). The rate of prevalence of Group B Streptococcal infection in the control group was 3.6%; and in the patient group there were 7.2% with the rate of prevalence of T. vaginalis in both groups as zero. CONCLUSION The present study showed that there is no relationship between GBS infections (P-value = 0.235) and T. vaginalis.
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Banno H, Kimura K, Seki T, Jin W, Wachino JI, Yamada K, Nagano N, Arakawa Y. High isolation rate and multidrug resistance tendency of penicillin-susceptible group B Streptococcus with reduced ceftibuten susceptibility in Japan. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 37:1511-1519. [PMID: 29770902 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-018-3278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) clinical isolates with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) have emerged through acquisition of amino acid substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 2X (PBP2X). Moreover, we also reported the emergence of penicillin-susceptible GBS clinical isolates with reduced ceftibuten susceptibility (CTBr PSGBS) due to amino acid substitutions in PBPs. However, whether or not these amino acid substitutions are responsible for the reduced ceftibuten susceptibility (RCTBS) profile remains unclear. Furthermore, the rate of CTBr PSGBS isolation and their multidrug resistance tendency remain uncertain. Therefore, we collected 377 clinical GBS isolates from multiple regions in Japan between August 2013 and August 2015. These isolates were characterized by determining MICs and sequencing the pbp2x gene. The isolation rate of CTBr PSGBS was 7.2% (27/377). CTBr PSGBS isolate harbor two types of amino acid substitutions in PBP2X [(T394A type) and (I377V, G398A, Q412L, and H438H type)]. The relevance of the amino acid substitutions found to the RCTBS was confirmed with allelic exchange techniques. Allelic exchange recombinant clones acquired two types of amino acid substitutions in PBP2X showed RCTBS. Furthermore, total ratio of resistance and non-susceptibility to both macrolides and fluoroquinolones in CTBr PSGBS was 51.9% (14/27). The isolation rate of CTBr PSGBS is non-negligibly high and the CTBr PSGBS tends to exhibit resistance and non-susceptible profile to both macrolides and fluoroquinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Banno
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Seki
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Wanchun Jin
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamada
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagano
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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Serotype, Genotype, and Clinical Manifestations of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Isolated from Neonates in China. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ijp.14580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Banno H, Kimura K, Tanaka Y, Sekizuka T, Kuroda M, Jin W, Wachino JI, Yamada K, Shibayama K, Arakawa Y. Analysis of multidrug resistant group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility forming small, less hemolytic colonies. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183453. [PMID: 28817704 PMCID: PMC5560676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B streptococci (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) are the leading cause of neonatal invasive diseases and are also important pathogens for elderly adults. Until now, nearly all GBS with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) have shown β-hemolytic activity and grow on sheep blood agar. However, we have previously reported three PRGBS clinical isolates harboring a CylK deletion that form small less hemolytic colonies. In this study, we examined the causes of small, less hemolytic colony formation in these clinical isolates. Isogenic strains were sequenced to identify the mutation related to a small colony size. We identified a 276_277insG nucleic acid insertion in the thiamin pyrophosphokinase (tpk) gene, resulting in premature termination at amino acid 103 in TPK, as a candidate mutation responsible for small colony formation. The recombinant strain Δtpk, which harbored the 276_277insG insertion in the tpk gene, showed small colony formation. The recombinant strain ΔcylK, which harbored the G379T substitution in cylK, showed a reduction in hemolytic activity. The phenotypes of both recombinant strains were complemented by the expression of intact TPK or CylK, respectively. Moreover, the use of Rapid ID 32 API and VITEK MS to identify strains as GBS was evaluated clinical isolates and recombinant strains. VITEK MS, but not Rapid ID 32 API, was able to accurately identify the strains as GBS. In conclusion, we determined that mutations in tpk and cylK caused small colonies and reduced hemolytic activity, respectively, and characterized the clinical isolates in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Banno
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tanaka
- Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sekizuka
- Pathogen Genomic Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Pathogen Genomic Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wanchun Jin
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamada
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keigo Shibayama
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Simoni S, Vincenzi C, Brenciani A, Morroni G, Bagnarelli P, Giovanetti E, Varaldo PE, Mingoia M. Molecular Characterization of Italian Isolates of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Streptococcus agalactiae and Relationships with Chloramphenicol Resistance. Microb Drug Resist 2017; 24:225-231. [PMID: 28783417 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A total number of 368 clinical isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus, GBS) were collected in 2010-2016 from three hospitals in a region of central Italy. Fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant isolates were selected using levofloxacin. Levofloxacin-resistant (LR) strains (11/368, 2.99%) were characterized for several features, and their FQ resistance was analyzed phenotypically and genotypically using seven additional FQs. Their gyrA and parC quinolone resistance-determining regions were sequenced. Of the 11 LR isolates, 10 showed high-level and 1 low-level resistance. The former isolates exhibited higher minimal inhibitory concentrations also of the other FQs and all shared one amino acid substitution in ParC (Ser79Phe) and one in GyrA (Ser81Leu); only Ser79Phe in ParC was detected in the low-level LR isolate. The 11 LR strains exhibited distinctive relationships between their susceptibilities to non-FQ antibiotics and typing data. Remarkably, despite the very rare occurrence of chloramphenicol resistance in S. agalactiae, no <4 of the 11 LR isolates were chloramphenicol-resistant. Studies of GBS resistance to FQs in Europe remain scarce, notwithstanding the emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates. The incidence of LR GBS isolates is still limited in Italy, consistent with the moderate (though growing) rates reported in Europe, and much lower than the very high rates reported in East Asia. The intriguing relationships between FQ and chloramphenicol resistance deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Simoni
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School , Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Vincenzi
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School , Ancona, Italy .,2 Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Torrette Regional Hospital , Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Brenciani
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School , Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Morroni
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School , Ancona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bagnarelli
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School , Ancona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Giovanetti
- 3 Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche , Ancona, Italy
| | - Pietro E Varaldo
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School , Ancona, Italy
| | - Marina Mingoia
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School , Ancona, Italy
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Li S, Huang J, Chen Z, Guo D, Yao Z, Ye X. Antibiotic Prevention for Maternal Group B Streptococcal Colonization on Neonatal GBS-Related Adverse Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:374. [PMID: 28367139 PMCID: PMC5355432 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal colonization with group B Streptococcus (GBS) during pregnancy increases the risk of neonatal infection by vertical transmission. However, it remains unclear whether treating all colonized women during labor exposes a large number of their neonates to possible adverse effects without benefit. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the effect of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis on neonatal adverse outcomes. We identified studies by searching several English and Chinese electronic databases and reviewing relevant articles. Data were pooled using fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analysis, and for each outcome both risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Fourteen studies (2,051 pregnant women and 2,063 neonates) were included, comprising 13 randomized clinical trials and 1 cohort study. Antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with a significant reduced risk of all cause infections (RR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.18–0.42), GBS infection (RR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.13–0.44), early-onset GBS infection (RR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.13–0.45), non-GBS infections (RR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.20–0.59), and GBS colonization (RR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.06–0.16). But no significant reduction was observed in late-onset GBS infection, mortality from early-onset GBS infection or from non-GBS infections. Notably, no significant differences were found between ampicillin and penicillin prevention for neonatal adverse outcomes. Our findings suggest that antibiotic prophylaxis is effective in reducing neonatal GBS colonization and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunming Li
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingya Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyao Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Guo
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yao
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Ye
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou, China
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Changing Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcus Susceptibility to Fluoroquinolones and Aminoglycosides in France. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:7424-7430. [PMID: 27736761 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01374-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of neonatal invasive infections and an emerging pathogen in the elderly. Our objectives were to describe the evolution of GBS resistance to antibiotics in France and to investigate the emergence of fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant isolates. A total of 8,757 unrelated GBS isolates were collected and tested for antibiotic susceptibility from 2007 to 2014 according to EUCAST recommendations. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin G, amoxicillin, and vancomycin. Resistance to macrolides decreased from 47.0% to 30.0%, whereas high-level resistance to aminoglycosides, especially amikacin, increased from 6.4% to 8.8% and 24 isolates (0.3%) were highly resistant to gentamicin. FQ resistance gradually increased from 0.2% in 2007 (n = 1) to 1.5% in 2014 (n = 18, P < 0.01). Capsular polysaccharide (CPS) genotyping, multilocus sequence typing, and sequencing of the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) showed that GBS isolates of sequence type 19 (ST-19) CPS type V were largely overrepresented in FQ-resistant isolates (n = 30, 45.5%). All 30 strains displayed the same QRDR mutations and were often associated with cross-resistance to macrolides (93.3%) and gentamicin (30%). In conclusion, we report the rise of FQ- and aminoglycoside-resistant GBS in France over an 8-year study period, an evolution likely linked to the clonal expansion of ST-19 CPS V-resistant isolates. This study emphasizes the need for a continuous surveillance of GBS epidemiology and antibiotic susceptibility.
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Traverso F, Blanco A, Villalón P, Beratz N, Sáez Nieto JA, Lopardo H. Molecular characterization of invasive Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. Multicenter study: Argentina 2011-2012. Rev Argent Microbiol 2016; 48:279-289. [PMID: 28341023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) has virulence factors similar to those of Streptococcus pyogenes. Therefore, it causes pharyngitis and severe infections indistinguishable from those caused by the classic pathogen. The objectives of this study were: to know the prevalence of SDSE invasive infections in Argentina, to study the genetic diversity, to determine the presence of virulence genes, to study antibiotic susceptibility and to detect antibiotic resistance genes. Conventional methods of identification were used. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion and the agar dilution methods and the E-test. Twenty eight centers from 16 Argentinean cities participated in the study. Twenty three isolates (16 group G and 7 group C) were obtained between July 1 2011 and June 30 2012. Two adult patients died (8.7%). Most of the isolates were recovered from blood (60.9%). All isolates carried speJ and ssa genes. stG62647, stG653 and stG840 were the most frequent emm types. Nineteen different PFGE patterns were detected. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin and levofloxacin, 6 (26.1%) showed resistance or reduced susceptibility to erythromycin [1 mef(A), 3 erm(TR), 1 mef(A)+erm(TR) and 1 erm(TR)+erm(B)] and 7 (30.4%) were resistant or exhibited reduced susceptibility to tetracycline [2 tet(M), 5 tet(M)+tet(O)]. The prevalence in Argentina was of at least 23 invasive infections by SDSE. A wide genetic diversity was observed. All isolates carried speJ and ssa genes. Similarly to other studies, macrolide resistance (26.1%) was mainly associated to the MLSB phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Traverso
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Nueva Clínica Chacabuco, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Servicio de Neumotisiología, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Alejandra Blanco
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pilar Villalón
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Beratz
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Horacio Lopardo
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Jiang H, Chen M, Li T, Liu H, Gong Y, Li M. Molecular Characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae Causing Community- and Hospital-Acquired Infections in Shanghai, China. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1308. [PMID: 27625635 PMCID: PMC5003847 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae, a colonizing agent in pregnant women and the main cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis, has been increasingly associated with invasive disease in nonpregnant adults. We collected a total of 87 non-repetitive S. agalactiae isolates causing community-acquired (CA) and hospital-acquired (HA) infections in nonpregnant adults from a teaching hospital in Shanghai between 2009 and 2013. We identified and characterized their antibiotic resistance, sequence type (ST), serotype, virulence, and biofilm formation. The most frequent STs were ST19 (29.9%), ST23 (16.1%), ST12 (13.8%), and ST1 (12.6%). ST19 had significantly different distributions between CA- and HA-group B Streptococci (GBS) isolates. The most frequent serotypes were III (32.2%), Ia (26.4%), V (14.9%), Ib (13.8%), and II (5.7%). Serotype III/ST19 was significantly associated with levofloxacin resistance in all isoates. The HA-GBS multidrug resistant rate was much higher than that of CA-GBS. Virulence genes pavA, cfb were found in all isolates. Strong correlations exist between serotype Ib (CA and HA) and surface protein genes spb1 and bac, serotype III (HA) and surface protein gene cps and GBS pilus cluster. The serotype, epidemic clone, PFGE-based genotype, and virulence gene are closely related between CA-GBS and HA-GBS, and certain serotypes and clone types were significantly associated with antibiotic resistance. However, CA-GBS and HA-GBS still had significant differences in their distribution of clone types, antibiotic resistance, and specific virulence genes, which may provide a basis for infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqin Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai, China; Shanghai Institutes of Preventive MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Tianming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
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Molecular Characteristics of Group B Streptococci Isolated from Adults with Invasive Infections in Japan. J Clin Microbiol 2016; 54:2695-2700. [PMID: 27558182 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01183-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus) isolates (n = 443) obtained from Japanese adults with invasive infections between April 2010 and March 2013 were analyzed for capsular serotype, multilocus sequence type (ST), antibiotic susceptibility, and resistance genes. Among these cases, bacteremia without primary focus was the most common variety of infection (49.9%), followed by cellulitis (12.9%) and pneumonia (9.0%). Concerning patient age (18 to 59, 60 to 69, 70 to 79, 80 to 89, and 90 years old or older), the incidence of pneumonia increased in patients in their 70s and 80s (P < 0.001), while younger patients (18 to 59 and 60 to 69 years old) were more likely to have abscesses (P < 0.05). The mortality rate was 10.2% for all ages. The most common capsular serotype was Ib (39.5%), followed by V (16.0%), III (13.8%), VI (9.5%), and Ia (8.6%). The main ST of serotype Ib strains was ST10, which belonged to clonal complex 10 (88.0%). The predominant clonal complexes of serotypes V and III, respectively, were 1 (78.9%) and 19 (75.4%). Among these isolates, 9 strains (2.0%) were identified as group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility, reflecting amino acid substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 2X (PBP2X). In addition, 19.2% of all strains possessed mef(A/E), erm(A), or erm(B) genes, which mediate macrolide resistance, while 40.2% of strains were resistant to quinolones resulting from amino acid substitutions in GyrA and ParC. Our data argue strongly for the continuous surveillance of microbial characteristics and judicious antibiotic use in clinical practice.
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Shibayama A, Yoshizaki T, Tamaki M, Goto M, Takahashi T. Pyogenic Sternoclavicular Arthritis Caused by Streptococcus agalactiae
in an Elderly Adult with Diabetes Mellitus. J Am Geriatr Soc 2016; 64:1376-7. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Shibayama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Mishuku Hospital; Federation of National Public Service and Personnel Mutual Aid Associations; Meguro-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yoshizaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism; Mishuku Hospital; Federation of National Public Service and Personnel Mutual Aid Associations; Meguro-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Mitsugu Tamaki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Mishuku Hospital; Federation of National Public Service and Personnel Mutual Aid Associations; Meguro-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Mieko Goto
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases; Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences; Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences; Kitasato University; Minato-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases; Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences; Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences; Kitasato University; Minato-ku Tokyo Japan
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Fukigai S, Morimoto M, Kimura K, Doyama Y, Miyazaki A, Kamiya C, Banno H, Morishima E, Onoda T, Nagano N, Jin W, Wachino JI, Yamada K, Arakawa Y. Effectual detection of group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) by commercially available methicillin-resistant-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-selective agar. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 85:309-312. [PMID: 27198740 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of a commercially available methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-selective agar, chromID(™) MRSA, to detect group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) in this study. The results showed 72.4% (21/29) sensitivity and 98.4% (60/61) specificity to detect PRGBS using this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinako Fukigai
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hanyu General Hospital, 551 Kami-iwase, Hanyu, Saitama 348-8505, Japan
| | - Makiko Morimoto
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Yo Doyama
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akira Miyazaki
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Chitose Kamiya
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Banno
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Eriko Morishima
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hanyu General Hospital, 551 Kami-iwase, Hanyu, Saitama 348-8505, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Onoda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hanyu General Hospital, 551 Kami-iwase, Hanyu, Saitama 348-8505, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagano
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Wanchun Jin
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamada
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Cooper K, Abbott F, Gould IM. Reduced penicillin susceptibility of group B Streptococcus: an assessment of emergence in Grampian, Scotland. Br J Biomed Sci 2016; 73:25-7. [PMID: 27182673 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2016.1144550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Cooper
- a NHS Grampian Department of Medical Microbiology , Aberdeen Royal Infirmary , Aberdeen , Scotland
| | - F Abbott
- a NHS Grampian Department of Medical Microbiology , Aberdeen Royal Infirmary , Aberdeen , Scotland
| | - I M Gould
- a NHS Grampian Department of Medical Microbiology , Aberdeen Royal Infirmary , Aberdeen , Scotland
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Chukwu MO, Mavenyengwa RT, Monyama CM, Bolukaoto JY, Lebelo SL, Maloba MR, Nchabeleng M, Moyo SR. Antigenic distribution of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from pregnant women at Garankuwa hospital - South Africa. Germs 2015; 5:125-33. [PMID: 26716101 DOI: 10.11599/germs.2015.1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus; GBS) is globally recognised as one of the leading causes of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. It also causes adverse pregnancy outcomes such as stillbirth and miscarriages. Incidence of invasive disease is increasing in non-pregnant adults with underlying medical conditions (e.g., diabetes mellitus). Epidemiological studies of GBS infections are based on capsular serotyping. Genotyping of the surface anchored protein genes is also becoming an important tool for GBS studies. Currently ten different GBS serotypes have been identified. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of GBS capsular types (CTs) and surface anchored protein genes in isolates from colonized pregnant women attending antenatal clinic, at Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Garankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa. METHODS The samples were collected over 11 months and cultured on selective media. GBS was identified using different morphological and biochemical tests. Capsular typing was done using latex agglutination test and conventional PCR. Multiplex PCR with specific primers was used to detect the surface anchored protein genes. RESULTS Of the 413 pregnant women recruited, 128 (30.9%) were colonized with GBS. The capsular polysaccharide (CPS) typing test showed that CPS type III (29.7%) was the most prevalent capsular type followed by CPS type Ia (25.8%), II (15.6%), IV (8.6%), V (10.9%) and Ib (8.6%); 0.7% of the isolates were nontypeable. Multiplex PCR revealed that the surface proteins genes were possessed by all the capsular types: rib (44.5%), bca (24.7%), alp2/3 (17.9%), epsilon (8.6%) and alp4 (4.7%). CONCLUSION The common capsular types found in this study are Ia, III, and II. The most common protein genes identified were rib and bca, and the distribution of the surface protein genes among the isolates of different capsular types showed similar trends to the distribution reported from previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina O Chukwu
- MSc, Department of Life and Consumer Science, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Rooyen Tinago Mavenyengwa
- MSc, DPhil, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Charles M Monyama
- MSc, Department of Life and Consumer Science, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - John Y Bolukaoto
- MSc, Department of Life and Consumer Science, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sogolo L Lebelo
- MSc, PhD, Department of Life and Consumer Science, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Motlatji Rb Maloba
- MD, Department of Microbiological Pathology, University of Limpopo (MEDUNSA), Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Maphoshane Nchabeleng
- MD, PhD, Department of Microbiological Pathology, University of Limpopo (MEDUNSA), Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sylvester Rogers Moyo
- MSc, DPhil, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
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Bolukaoto JY, Monyama CM, Chukwu MO, Lekala SM, Nchabeleng M, Maloba MRB, Mavenyengwa RT, Lebelo SL, Monokoane ST, Tshepuwane C, Moyo SR. Antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women in Garankuwa, South Africa. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:364. [PMID: 26289147 PMCID: PMC4544793 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was undertaken to determine the susceptibility profile and the mechanism of antibiotic resistance in Group B streptococcus (GBS) isolates detected in vaginal and rectal swabs from pregnant women attending Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, a University Teaching Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa. Methods The samples were collected over an 11-month period, cultured on selective media (colistin and nalidixic acid agar and Todd-Hewitt broth), and GBS positively identified by using different morphological and biochemical tests. The susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby–Bauer and E test methods according to CLSI guidelines 2012. The D test method was used for the detection of inducible clindamycin resistance. Multiplex PCR with specific primers was used to detect different genes coding for resistance. Results Out of 413 samples collected, 128 (30.9 %) were positive with GBS. The susceptibility testing revealed that 100 % of isolates were sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin and high level gentamicin. Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance was 21.1 and 17.2 %, respectively, in which 69 % had harboured constitutive macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLSB), 17.4 % had inducible MLSB. The M and L phenotypes were present in 6.8 % each. The methylation of target encoded by ermB genes was the commonest mechanism of resistance observed in 55 % of isolates, 38 % of isolates had both ermB and linB genes and efflux pump mediated by mefA genes was also distributed among the isolates. Conclusions The study reaffirmed the appropriateness of penicillin as the antibiotic of choice for treating GBS infection. However it identified the challenges of resistance to macrolides and lincosamides used as alternative drugs for individuals allergic to penicillin. More GBS treatment options for penicillin allergic patients need to be researched on.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Y Bolukaoto
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Charles M Monyama
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Martina O Chukwu
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Sebotse M Lekala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Maphoshane Nchabeleng
- Department of Microbiological Pathology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Motlatji R B Maloba
- Department of Microbiological Pathology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Rooyen T Mavenyengwa
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic of Namibia, P. Bag 13388, Windhoek, Namibia. .,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe.
| | - Sogolo L Lebelo
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Sam T Monokoane
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Charles Tshepuwane
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Sylvester R Moyo
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic of Namibia, P. Bag 13388, Windhoek, Namibia.
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Wang P, Ma Z, Tong J, Zhao R, Shi W, Yu S, Yao K, Zheng Y, Yang Y. Serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance, and molecular characterization of invasive group B Streptococcus isolates recovered from Chinese neonates. Int J Infect Dis 2015; 37:115-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates causing urinary tract infections. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015; 34:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Seki T, Kimura K, Reid ME, Miyazaki A, Banno H, Jin W, Wachino JI, Yamada K, Arakawa Y. High isolation rate of MDR group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility in Japan. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:2725-8. [PMID: 26169560 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In Japan, the isolation rate of group B Streptococcus (GBS) with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) was 2.3% between 2005 and 2006. However, no data on this have been available since then; moreover, the isolation rate of MDR-PRGBS has never been reported. The aim of this study was to obtain recent data on the PRGBS isolation rate and to investigate, for the first time, the isolation rate of MDR-PRGBS. METHODS We collected 306 clinical GBS isolates from various regions in Japan between January 2012 and July 2013. The MICs of penicillin G, oxacillin, ceftizoxime and ceftibuten for all GBS isolates and the MICs of erythromycin and levofloxacin for PRGBS isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. The mutations in the genes involved in antibiotic resistance and antibiotic resistance genes were analysed by PCR and DNA sequencing. RESULTS We detected 45 clinical PRGBS isolates, with a PRGBS isolation rate among GBS of 14.7% (45/306). Among the PRGBS isolates, 32 (32/45, 71.1%) and 43 (43/45, 95.6%) were resistant/non-susceptible to erythromycin and levofloxacin, respectively. Furthermore, 31 PRGBS isolates, which constituted 68.9% of the PRGBS (31/45) and 10.1% of the GBS (31/306), respectively, were resistant/non-susceptible to both macrolides and fluoroquinolones, indicating multidrug resistance. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the number of clinical PRGBS isolates with a tendency to multidrug resistance increased rapidly between 2005-06 and 2012-13 in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Seki
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Megan E Reid
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akira Miyazaki
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Banno
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Wanchun Jin
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamada
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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47
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Kamiya C, Kimura K, Doyama Y, Miyazaki A, Morimoto M, Banno H, Nagano N, Jin W, Wachino JI, Yamada K, Arakawa Y. Ceftibuten-containing agar plate for detecting group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 82:269-73. [PMID: 25959629 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Penicillins remain first-line agents for treatment of group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae; GBS) infections; however, several reports have confirmed the existence of GBS with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS). Because no selective agar plates for detection of PRGBS are available to date, in this investigation, we developed the selective agar plate for detection of PRGBS. We used 19 genetically well-confirmed PRGBS isolates and 38 penicillin-susceptible GBS isolates identified in Japan. For preparation of trial PRGBS-selective agar plates, we added 1 of antimicrobial agents (among oxacillin, ceftizoxime, and ceftibuten) to a well-established GBS-selective agar plate. Among 12 trial PRGBS-selective agar plates, Muller-Hinton agar containing 128 μg/mL ceftibuten with 5% sheep blood, 8 μg/mL gentamicin, and 12 μg/mL nalidixic acid was the most appropriate selective agar for PRGBS, showing 100% sensitivity and 81.6% specificity. In cases of potential nosocomial spread of PRGBS, the selective agar plate could be useful and reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitose Kamiya
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan
| | - Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan.
| | - Yo Doyama
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan
| | - Akira Miyazaki
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan
| | - Makiko Morimoto
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Banno
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagano
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Wanchun Jin
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Wachino
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamada
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan
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48
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Schuab RBB, Arêas GP, Souza VC, Barros RR. Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus agalactiae recovered from significant bacteriuria. Infect Dis (Lond) 2015; 47:637-42. [PMID: 25901729 DOI: 10.3109/23744235.2015.1040446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus agalactiae has been implicated in urinary tract infections, but the molecular epidemiology of such infections is poorly characterized. METHODS In this study, 194 isolates recovered from significant bacteriuria of non-pregnant individuals were submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, molecular characterization of macrolide resistance, PCR-based capsular typing and analysis of genetic diversity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS By disk diffusion, all isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, penicillin G and vancomycin; 87.6% and 9.3% of isolates were non-susceptible to tetracycline and clindamycin, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) confirmed that 11.3% of isolates were resistant to erythromycin. Macrolide resistance determinants were iMLSB (n = 9), cMLSB (n = 9) and M (n = 4), associated with ermA, ermB and mefA/E. Predominant capsular types were V, Ia, II and III. No significant association was observed between any capsular type and the occurrence of pyuria. However, type III was associated with erythromycin resistance, while type II was associated with erythromycin-susceptible isolates. Distinct PFGE profiles were observed among different types, but identical profiles were found among erythromycin-susceptible and -resistant isolates of the same type. CONCLUSION A variety of capsular and PFGE types are involved in significant bacteriuria. Although capsular types found here are prevalent in different infections, the frequency of each type seems to be unique. Erythromycin resistance is due to polyclonal origin instead of the expansion of few clones of S. agalactiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rôde B B Schuab
- From the Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
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49
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Kimura K, Nagano N, Arakawa Y. Classification of group B streptococci with reduced β-lactam susceptibility (GBS-RBS) based on the amino acid substitutions in PBPs. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:1601-3. [PMID: 25667406 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
All clinical isolates of group B Streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) are considered uniformly susceptible to β-lactams, including penicillins. However, GBS with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) were first identified by our group in Japan and have also been reported from North America. PRGBS are non-susceptible to penicillin because of acquisition of amino acid substitutions near the conserved active-site motifs in PBP2X. In particular, V405A and Q557E are considered the key amino acid substitutions responsible for penicillin non-susceptibility. We revealed that in addition to the substitutions in PBP2X, an amino acid substitution in PBP1A confers high-level cephalosporin resistance in GBS. As the number of publications on GBS with reduced β-lactam susceptibility (GBS-RBS), especially PRGBS, and concomitantly the need for a systematic classification of GBS-RBS is increasing, we propose here a classification of GBS-RBS based on the amino acid substitutions in their PBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouji Kimura
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagano
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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50
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Modification of the CpsA protein reveals a role in alteration of the Streptococcus agalactiae cell envelope. Infect Immun 2015; 83:1497-506. [PMID: 25644003 DOI: 10.1128/iai.02656-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial cell envelope is a crucial first line of defense for a systemic pathogen, with production of capsular polysaccharides and maintenance of the peptidoglycan cell wall serving essential roles in survival in the host environment. The LytR-CpsA-Psr proteins are important for cell envelope maintenance in many Gram-positive species. In this study, we examined the role of the extracellular domain of the CpsA protein of the zoonotic pathogen group B Streptococcus in capsule production and cell wall integrity. CpsA has multiple functional domains, including a DNA-binding/transcriptional activation domain and a large extracellular domain. We demonstrated that episomal expression of extracellularly truncated CpsA causes a dominant-negative effect on capsule production when expressed in the wild-type strain. Regions of the extracellular domain essential to this phenotype were identified. The dominant-negative effect could be recapitulated by addition of purified CpsA protein or a short CpsA peptide to cultures of wild-type bacteria. Changes in cell wall morphology were also observed when the dominant-negative peptide was added to wild-type cultures. Fluorescently labeled CpsA peptide could be visualized bound at the mid-cell region near the division septae, suggesting a novel role for CpsA in cell division. Finally, expression of truncated CpsA also led to attenuation of virulence in zebrafish models of infection, to levels below that of a cpsA deletion strain, demonstrating the key role of the extracellular domain in virulence of GBS.
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