1
|
Wong TT, Liou GG, Kan MC. A Thermal-Stable Protein Nanoparticle That Stimulates Long Lasting Humoral Immune Response. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020426. [PMID: 36851303 PMCID: PMC9962852 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A thermally stable vaccine platform is considered the missing piece of vaccine technology. In this article, we reported the creation of a novel protein nanoparticle and assessed its ability to withstand extended high temperature incubation while stimulating a long-lasting humoral immune response. This protein nanoparticle was assembled from a fusion protein composed of an amphipathic helical peptide derived from the M2 protein of the H5N1 influenza virus (AH3) and a superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP). Its proposed structure was modeled according to transmission electronic microscope (TEM) images of protein nanoparticles. From this proposed protein model, we created a mutant with two gain-of-function mutations that work synergistically on particle stability. A protein nanoparticle assembled from this gain-of-function mutant is able to remove a hydrophobic patch from its surface. This gain-of-function mutant also contributes to the higher thermostability of protein nanoparticles and stimulates a long lasting humoral immune response after a single immunization. This assembled nanoparticle showed increasing particle stability at higher temperatures and salt concentrations. This novel protein nanoparticle may serve as a thermally-stable platform for vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ten-Tsao Wong
- Department of Marine Biotechnology & Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltiomre, MD 21202, USA
| | - Gunn-Guang Liou
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Office of Research and Development, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Kan
- Vaxsia Biomedical Inc., Taipei 11503, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou L, Chen G, Chen M, Lu X, Xi Y, Zhi Y. Development of a highly sensitive monoclonal antibody-based indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of avilamycin in feed. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:488-498. [PMID: 35061576 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.2017003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) was developed using a highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody against avilamycin. The immunising antigen synthesised through the carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) method was used to prepare antibodies. The established ic-ELISA, after optimisation of conditions, possessed a half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 7.44 ng mL-1 and the detection limit of 0.21 ng mL-1 in the standard curve. The spiked experiments indicated that the limits of detection were 1.86 µg kg-1 and 2.31 µg kg-1 in swine feed and chicken feed, respectively. In addition, the average recoveries ranged from 74.7 to 105.4% with the coefficient of variation less than 11%. The good correlation (R2 = 0.9818) between the result of ic-ELISA and HPLC demonstrated the reliability of the developed ic-ELISA, which showed that the ic-ELISA developed here achieves the aim of strengthening the monitoring of avilamycin residues and the inspection of import and export related products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhou
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Guifen Chen
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xinying Lu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Xi
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhi
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Detection of αB-Conotoxin VxXXIVA (αB-CTX) by ic-ELISA Based on an Epitope-Specific Monoclonal Antibody. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14030166. [PMID: 35324663 PMCID: PMC8949368 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14030166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the toxicological hazard and important applications in analgesics and cancer chemotherapeutics of αB-CTX, it is urgent to develop an accurate, effective and feasible immunoassay for the determination and analysis of αB-CTX in real samples. In this study, MBP-αB-CTX4 tandem fusion protein was used as an immunogen to elicit a strong immune response, and a hybridoma cell 5E4 secreting IgG2b against αB-CTX was successfully screened by hybridoma technology. The affinity of the purified 5E4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) was 1.02 × 108 L/mol, which showed high affinity and specificity to αB-CTX. Epitope 1 of αB-CTX is the major binding region for 5E4 mAb recongnization, and two amino acid residues (14L and 15F) in αB-CTX were critical sites for the interaction between αB-CTX and 5E4 mAb. Indirect competitive ELISA (ic-ELISA) based on 5E4 mAb was developed to detect and analyze αB-CTX in real samples, and the linear range of ic-ELISA to αB-CTX was 117–3798 ng/mL, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 81 ng/mL. All the above results indicated that the developed ic-ELISA had high accuracy and repeatability, and it could be applied for αB-CTX detection and drug analysis in real samples.
Collapse
|
4
|
Recent advances in FRET-Based biosensors for biomedical applications. Anal Biochem 2021; 630:114323. [PMID: 34339665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors are effective analytical tools extensively used in fields of biomedicine, pharmacology, toxicology, and food sciences. Ratiometric imaging of substantial cellular processes, molecular components, and biological interactions is widely performed by these biosensors. A variety of FRET-based biosensors have provided comprehensive insights into underlying mechanisms of pathological conditions in live cells, tissues, and organisms. Moreover, integration of FRET-based biosensors with the current bioanalytical techniques allows for accurate, rapid, and sensitive diagnosis and proposes the advanced strategies for treatment. Precise analysis of ligand-receptor interactions by FRET-based biosensors has presented a basis for determination of novel therapeutic agents. Therefore, this study was designed to review the recent developments in FRET-based biosensors and their biomedical applications. In addition, characteristics, challenges, and outlooks of these biosensors were discussed.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang R, Wang J, Liu H, Gao Y, Zhao Q, Ling S, Wang S. Sensitive immunoassays based on specific monoclonal IgG for determination of bovine lactoferrin in cow milk samples. Food Chem 2021; 338:127820. [PMID: 32827899 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF), a bioactive multifunctional protein of the transferrin family, is found mainly in the secretions of all mammals, especially in milk. In the present study, a hybridoma cell (LF8) secreting IgG against bovine LF was screened, and the purified LF8 mAb showed high specificity and affinity to bovine LF. The linear range of ic-ELISA to detect LF was 9.76 ~ 625 ng/mL, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.01 ng/mL. The average recovery of intra- and inter-assay were (104.45 ± 4.12)% and (107.13 ± 4.72)%, respectively. The LOD of colloidal gold- and AuNFs-based strip by naked eye were 9.7 and 2.4 ng/mL, respectively, and the detection time was less than 10 min without any samples pretreatment and expensive equipment. The developed ELISA and lateral flow immunosensors based on specific IgG could be used directly for rapid detection of the bovine LF content in cow milk samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haimei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yehong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Sumei Ling
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mohajeri N, Mostafavi E, Zarghami N. The feasibility and usability of DNA-dot bioconjugation to antibody for targeted in vitro cancer cell fluorescence imaging. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 209:111944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
7
|
Wang R, Zhong Y, Wang J, Yang H, Yuan J, Wang S. Development of an ic-ELISA and immunochromatographic strip based on IgG antibody for detection of ω-conotoxin MVIIA. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 378:120510. [PMID: 31226588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ω-conotoxin MVIIA(ω-CTX MVIIA) is a peptide consisting of 25 amino acid residues secreted mainly by Conus magus. In view of the toxin threat to humans and animals and defined application in analgesic therapy, it is necessary to develop a rapid, effective and accuracy method for the quantification and analysis of ω-CTX MVIIA in real samples. In the present study, a hybridoma cell named 2E5 stable secreting IgG antibody against ω-CTX MVIIA was selected successfully, and the subtype of Mab 2E5 was IgG1. The purified monoclonal antibody(Mab) 2E5 has high affinity (about 2.79 × 109 L/mol), and shows high specificity to ω-CTX MVIIA antigen. The linear range of ic-ELISA to detect ω-CTX MVIIA was 0.20˜7.22 μg/mL, with a lower detection limit (LOD) of 0.14 ng/mL. The average recovery of intra- and inter-assay were (85.45 ± 2.28)% and (88.03 ± 4.80)% respectively, with a coefficient of variation from 2.59% to 5.42%. The LOD of colloidal strip by naked eye was 1 μg/mL, and the detection time was less than 10 min without any equipment. The developed ELISA and colloidal test strips based on this IgG antibody could be used to detect ω-CTX MVIIA residue in real Conus samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yanfang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang H, Zhong Y, Wang J, Zhang Q, Li X, Ling S, Wang S, Wang R. Screening of a ScFv Antibody With High Affinity for Application in Human IFN-γ Immunoassay. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:261. [PMID: 29563896 PMCID: PMC5850876 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), a signal proinflammatory cytokine secreted by immune cell, and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. It has been regarded as an important marker for determination of disease-specific immune responses. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a feasible and accurate method to detect IFN-γ in clinic real blood samples. Until now, the immunoassay based on singe chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody for human IFN-γ is still not reported. In the present study, an scFv antibody named scFv-A8 with high specificity was obtained by phage display and biopanning, with the affinity 2.6 × 109 L/mol. Maltose binding protein (MBP) was used to improve the solubility of scFv by inserting an linker DNA between scFv and MBP tag, and the resulted fusion protein (MBP-LK-scFv) has high solubility and antigen biding activity. The expressed and purified MBP-LK-scFv antibody was used to develop the indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (ic-ELISA) for detection of human IFN-γ, and the result indicated that the linear range to detect IFN-γ was 6–60 pg/mL with IC50 of 25 pg/mL. The limit of detection was 2 pg/mL (1.3 fm), and the average recovery was 85.05%, further demonstrating that the detection method based on scFv has higher recovery and accuracy. Hence, the developed ic-ELISA can be used to detect IFN-γ in real samples, and it may be further provided a scientific basis for disease diagnosis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Saeed AFUH, Wang R, Ling S, Wang S. Antibody Engineering for Pursuing a Healthier Future. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:495. [PMID: 28400756 PMCID: PMC5368232 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the development of antibody-production techniques, a number of immunoglobulins have been developed on a large scale using conventional methods. Hybridoma technology opened a new horizon in the production of antibodies against target antigens of infectious pathogens, malignant diseases including autoimmune disorders, and numerous potent toxins. However, these clinical humanized or chimeric murine antibodies have several limitations and complexities. Therefore, to overcome these difficulties, recent advances in genetic engineering techniques and phage display technique have allowed the production of highly specific recombinant antibodies. These engineered antibodies have been constructed in the hunt for novel therapeutic drugs equipped with enhanced immunoprotective abilities, such as engaging immune effector functions, effective development of fusion proteins, efficient tumor and tissue penetration, and high-affinity antibodies directed against conserved targets. Advanced antibody engineering techniques have extensive applications in the fields of immunology, biotechnology, diagnostics, and therapeutic medicines. However, there is limited knowledge regarding dynamic antibody development approaches. Therefore, this review extends beyond our understanding of conventional polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, recent advances in antibody engineering techniques together with antibody fragments, display technologies, immunomodulation, and broad applications of antibodies are discussed to enhance innovative antibody production in pursuit of a healthier future for humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah F U H Saeed
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Sumei Ling
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang R, Gu X, Zhuang Z, Zhong Y, Yang H, Wang S. Screening and Molecular Evolution of a Single Chain Variable Fragment Antibody (scFv) against Citreoviridin Toxin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:7640-7648. [PMID: 27622814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Citreoviridin (CIT), a small food-borne mycotoxin produced by Penicillium citreonigrum, is generally distributed in various cereal grains and farm crop products around the world and has caused cytotoxicity as an uncompetitive inhibitor of ATP hydrolysis. A high affinity single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody that can detect the citreoviridin in samples is still not available; therefore, it is very urgent to prepare an antibody for CIT detection and therapy. In this study, an amplified and assembled scFv from hybridoma was used to construct the mutant phage library by error-prone PCR, generating a 2 × 108 capacity mutated phage display library. After six rounds of biopanning, the selected scFv-5A10 displayed higher affinity and specificity to CIT antigen, with an increased affinity of 13.25-fold (Kaff = 5.7 × 109 L/mol) compared to that of the original wild-type scFv. Two critical amino acids (P100 and T151) distributed in H-CDR3 and L-FR regions that were responsible for scFv-5A10 to CIT were found and verified by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, and the resulting three mutants except for the mutant (P100K) lost binding activity significantly against CIT, as predicated. Indirect competitive ELISA (ic-ELISA) indicated that the linear range to detect CIT was 25-562 ng/mL with IC50 at 120 ng/mL. The limit of detection was 14.7 ng/mL, and the recovery average was (90.612 ± 3.889)%. Hence, the expressed and purified anti-CIT MBP-linker-scFv can be used to detect CIT in corn and related samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhenghong Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanfang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen Y, Huang X, Wang R, Wang S, Shi N. The structure of a GFP-based antibody (fluorobody) to TLH, a toxin from Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2015; 71:913-8. [PMID: 26144238 PMCID: PMC4498714 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x15008845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A fluorobody is a manmade hybrid molecule that is composed of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and a fragment of antibody, which combines the affinity and specificity of an antibody with the visibility of a GFP. It is able to provide a real-time indication of binding while avoiding the use of tags and secondary binding reagents. Here, the expression, purification and crystal structure of a recombinant fluorobody for TLH (thermolabile haemolysin), a toxin from the lethal food-borne disease bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus, are presented. This is the first structure of a fluorobody to be reported. Crystals belonging to space group P4(3)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 63.35, c = 125.90 Å, were obtained by vapour diffusion in hanging drops and the structure was refined to an Rfree of 16.7% at 1.5 Å resolution. The structure shows a CDR loop of the antibody on the GFP scaffold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaocheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang R, Zhong Y, Gu X, Yuan J, Saeed AF, Wang S. The pathogenesis, detection, and prevention of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:144. [PMID: 25798132 PMCID: PMC4350439 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a Gram-negative motile bacterium that inhabits marine and estuarine environments throughout the world, is a major food-borne pathogen that causes life-threatening diseases in humans after the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood. The global occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus accentuates the importance of investigating its virulence factors and their effects on the human host. This review describes the virulence factors of V. parahaemolyticus reported to date, including hemolysin, urease, two type III secretion systems and two type VI secretion systems, which both cause both cytotoxicity in cultured cells and enterotoxicity in animal models. We describe various types of detection methods, based on virulence factors, that are used for quantitative detection of V. parahaemolyticus in seafood. We also discuss some useful preventive measures and therapeutic strategies for the diseases mediated by V. parahaemolyticus, which can reduce, to some extent, the damage to humans and aquatic animals attributable to V. parahaemolyticus. This review extends our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of V. parahaemolyticus mediated by virulence factors and the diseases it causes in its human host. It should provide new insights for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of V. parahaemolyticus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Abdullah F Saeed
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|