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Putt AD, Rafie SAA, Hazen TC. Large-Data Omics Approaches in Modern Remediation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 148. [DOI: 10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0002042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. Putt
- Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996. ORCID:
| | - Sa’ad Abd Ar Rafie
- Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996
| | - Terry C. Hazen
- Governor’s Chair Professor, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; Dept. of Civil and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; Dept. of Microbiology, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 (corresponding author). ORCID:
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2
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From iron to bacterial electroconductive filaments: Exploring cytochrome diversity using Geobacter bacteria. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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3
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Rational design of electron/proton transfer mechanisms in the exoelectrogenic bacteria Geobacter sulfurreducens. Biochem J 2021; 478:2871-2887. [PMID: 34190983 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The redox potential values of cytochromes can be modulated by the protonation/deprotonation of neighbor groups (redox-Bohr effect), a mechanism that permits the proteins to couple electron/proton transfer. In the respiratory chains, this effect is particularly relevant if observed in the physiological pH range, as it may contribute to the electrochemical gradient for ATP synthesis. A constitutively produced family of five triheme cytochromes (PpcA-E) from the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens plays a crucial role in extracellular electron transfer, a hallmark that permits this bacterium to be explored for several biotechnological applications. Two members of this family (PpcA and PpcD) couple electron/proton transfer in the physiological pH range, a feature not shared with PpcB and PpcE. That ability is crucial for G. sulfurreducens' growth in Fe(III)-reducing habitats since extra contributors to the electrochemical gradient are needed. It was postulated that the redox-Bohr effect is determined by the nature of residue 6, a leucine in PpcA/PpcD and a phenylalanine in PpcB/PpcE. To confirm this hypothesis, Phe6 was replaced by leucine in PpcB and PpcE. The functional properties of these mutants were investigated by NMR and UV-visible spectroscopy to assess their capability to couple electron/proton transfer in the physiological pH range. The results obtained showed that the mutants have an increased redox-Bohr effect and are now capable of coupling electron/proton transfer. This confirms the determinant role of the nature of residue 6 in the modulation of the redox-Bohr effect in this family of cytochromes, opening routes to engineer Geobacter cells with improved biomass production.
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Tariq MU, Haseeb M, Aledhari M, Razzak R, Parizi RM, Saeed F. Methods for Proteogenomics Data Analysis, Challenges, and Scalability Bottlenecks: A Survey. IEEE ACCESS : PRACTICAL INNOVATIONS, OPEN SOLUTIONS 2020; 9:5497-5516. [PMID: 33537181 PMCID: PMC7853650 DOI: 10.1109/access.2020.3047588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Big Data Proteogenomics lies at the intersection of high-throughput Mass Spectrometry (MS) based proteomics and Next Generation Sequencing based genomics. The combined and integrated analysis of these two high-throughput technologies can help discover novel proteins using genomic, and transcriptomic data. Due to the biological significance of integrated analysis, the recent past has seen an influx of proteogenomic tools that perform various tasks, including mapping proteins to the genomic data, searching experimental MS spectra against a six-frame translation genome database, and automating the process of annotating genome sequences. To date, most of such tools have not focused on scalability issues that are inherent in proteogenomic data analysis where the size of the database is much larger than a typical protein database. These state-of-the-art tools can take more than half a month to process a small-scale dataset of one million spectra against a genome of 3 GB. In this article, we provide an up-to-date review of tools that can analyze proteogenomic datasets, providing a critical analysis of the techniques' relative merits and potential pitfalls. We also point out potential bottlenecks and recommendations that can be incorporated in the future design of these workflows to ensure scalability with the increasing size of proteogenomic data. Lastly, we make a case of how high-performance computing (HPC) solutions may be the best bet to ensure the scalability of future big data proteogenomic data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Tariq
- School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Muhammad Haseeb
- School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Mohammed Aledhari
- College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA 30060, USA
| | - Rehma Razzak
- College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA 30060, USA
| | - Reza M Parizi
- College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA 30060, USA
| | - Fahad Saeed
- School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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5
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Marozava S, Merl-Pham J, Müller H, Meckenstock RU. Adaptation of Carbon Source Utilization Patterns of Geobacter metallireducens During Sessile Growth. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1271. [PMID: 32655526 PMCID: PMC7324539 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are two main strategies known how microorganisms regulate substrate utilization: specialization on one preferred substrate at high concentrations in batch cultures or simultaneous utilization of many substrates at low concentrations in chemostats. However, it remains unclear how microorganisms utilize substrates at low concentrations in the subsurface: do they focus on a single substrate and exhibit catabolite repression or do they de-repress regulation of all catabolic pathways? Here, we investigated the readiness of Geobacter metallireducens to degrade organic substrates under sessile growth in sediment columns in the presence of a mixed community as a model for aquifers. Three parallel columns were filled with sand and flushed with anoxic medium at a constant inflow (18 ml h-1) of the substrate benzoate (1 mM) with non-limiting nitrate concentrations (30 mM) as electron acceptor. Columns were inoculated with the anaerobic benzoate degrader G. metallireducens. Microbial degradation produced concentration gradients of benzoate toward the column outlet. Metagenomics and label-free metaproteomics were used to detect and quantify the protein expression of G. metallireducens. Bulk benzoate concentrations below 0.2 mM led to increased abundance of catabolic proteins involved in utilization of fermentation products and aromatic compounds including the complete upregulation of the toluene-degrading pathway although toluene was not added to the medium. We propose that under sessile conditions and low substrate concentrations G. metallireducens expresses a specific set of catabolic pathways for preferred substrates, even when these substrates are not present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sviatlana Marozava
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Müller
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rainer U. Meckenstock
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Li J, Liu F, Yang C, Zheng S, Xiao L, Li J, Tu C, Luo Y. Inhibition effect of polyvinyl chloride on ferrihydrite reduction and electrochemical activities of Geobacter metallireducens. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 60:37-46. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Fanghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai China
| | - Cuiyun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai China
| | - Shiling Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai China
| | - Leilei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Institutions of Earth Science; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Chen Tu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yantai China
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Heavner GLW, Mansfeldt CB, Wilkins MJ, Nicora CD, Debs GE, Edwards EA, Richardson RE. Detection of Organohalide-Respiring Enzyme Biomarkers at a Bioaugmented TCE-Contaminated Field Site. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1433. [PMID: 31316484 PMCID: PMC6610324 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-based biomarkers have been successfully detected at field sites undergoing in situ bioremediation, but the detection of expressed enzymes is a more direct way to prove activity for a particular biocatalytic process of interest since they provide evidence of potential in situ activity rather than simply confirming presence and abundance of genes in a given population by measurement of DNA copies using qPCR. Here we successfully applied shotgun proteomics to field samples from a trichloroethene (TCE)-contaminated industrial site in southern Ontario, Canada that had been bio-augmented with the commercially available KB-1TM microbial culture. The KB-1TM culture contains multiple strains of Dehalococcoides mccartyi (D. mccartyi) as well as an organohalide respiring Geobacter species. The relative abundances of specific enzymatic proteins were subsequently compared to corresponding qPCR-derived levels of DNA and RNA biomarkers in the same samples. Samples were obtained from two wells with high hydraulic connectivity to the KB-1TM-bioaugemented enhanced in situ bioremediation system, and two control wells that showed evidence of low levels of native organohalide respiring bacteria (OHRB), Dehalococcoides and Geobacter. Enzymes involved in organohalide respiration were detected in the metaproteomes of all four field samples, as were chaperonins of D. mccartyi, chemotaxis proteins, and ATPases. The most highly expressed RDase in the bioaugmentation culture (VcrA) was the most highly detected enzyme overall in the bioaugmented groundwater samples. In one background groundwater well, we found high expression of the Geobacter pceA RDase. The DNA and RNA biomarkers detected using qPCR-based assays were a set of orthologs of Dehalococcoides reductive dehalogenases (VcrA, TceA, BvcA, dehalogenase “DET1545”), and the Ni-Fe uptake hydrogenase, HupL. Within a sample, RNA levels for key enzymes correlated with relative protein abundance. These results indicate that laboratory observations of TCE-bioremediation biomarker protein expression are recapitulated in field environmental systems and that both RNA and protein biomarker monitoring hold promise for activity monitoring of in situ populations of OHRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen L W Heavner
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Cresten B Mansfeldt
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Michael J Wilkins
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Carrie D Nicora
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Garrett E Debs
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Edwards
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ruth E Richardson
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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8
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Newsome L, Lopez Adams R, Downie HF, Moore KL, Lloyd JR. NanoSIMS imaging of extracellular electron transport processes during microbial iron(III) reduction. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 94:5033680. [PMID: 29878195 PMCID: PMC6041951 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial iron(III) reduction can have a profound effect on the fate of contaminants in natural and engineered environments. Different mechanisms of extracellular electron transport are used by Geobacter and Shewanella spp. to reduce insoluble Fe(III) minerals. Here we prepared a thin film of iron(III)-(oxyhydr)oxide doped with arsenic, and allowed the mineral coating to be colonised by Geobacter sulfurreducens or Shewanella ANA3 labelled with 13C from organic electron donors. This preserved the spatial relationship between metabolically active Fe(III)-reducing bacteria and the iron(III)-(oxyhydr)oxide that they were respiring. NanoSIMS imaging showed cells of G. sulfurreducens were co-located with the iron(III)-(oxyhydr)oxide surface and were significantly more 13C-enriched compared to cells located away from the mineral, consistent with Geobacter species requiring direct contact with an extracellular electron acceptor to support growth. There was no such intimate relationship between 13C-enriched S. ANA3 and the iron(III)-(oxyhydr)oxide surface, consistent with Shewanella species being able to reduce Fe(III) indirectly using a secreted endogenous mediator. Some differences were observed in the amount of As relative to Fe in the local environment of G. sulfurreducens compared to the bulk mineral, highlighting the usefulness of this type of analysis for probing interactions between microbial cells and Fe-trace metal distributions in biogeochemical experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Newsome
- Williamson Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Rebeca Lopez Adams
- Williamson Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Helen F Downie
- Williamson Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Katie L Moore
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jonathan R Lloyd
- Williamson Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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Abstract
The family Geobacteraceae, with its only valid genus Geobacter, comprises deltaproteobacteria ubiquitous in soil, sediments, and subsurface environments where metal reduction is an active process. Research for almost three decades has provided novel insights into environmental processes and biogeochemical reactions not previously known to be carried out by microorganisms. At the heart of the environmental roles played by Geobacter bacteria is their ability to integrate redox pathways and regulatory checkpoints that maximize growth efficiency with electron donors derived from the decomposition of organic matter while respiring metal oxides, particularly the often abundant oxides of ferric iron. This metabolic specialization is complemented by versatile metabolic reactions, respiratory chains, and sensory networks that allow specific members to adaptively respond to environmental cues to integrate organic and inorganic contaminants in their oxidative and reductive metabolism, respectively. Thus, Geobacteraceae are important members of the microbial communities that degrade hydrocarbon contaminants under iron-reducing conditions and that contribute, directly or indirectly, to the reduction of radionuclides, toxic metals, and oxidized species of nitrogen. Their ability to produce conductive pili as nanowires for discharging respiratory electrons to solid-phase electron acceptors and radionuclides, or for wiring cells in current-harvesting biofilms highlights the unique physiological traits that make these organisms attractive biological platforms for bioremediation, bioenergy, and bioelectronics application. Here we review some of the most notable physiological features described in Geobacter species since the first model representatives were recovered in pure culture. We provide a historical account of the environmental research that has set the foundation for numerous physiological studies and the laboratory tools that had provided novel insights into the role of Geobacter in the functioning of microbial communities from pristine and contaminated environments. We pay particular attention to latest research, both basic and applied, that has served to expand the field into new directions and to advance interdisciplinary knowledge. The electrifying physiology of Geobacter, it seems, is alive and well 30 years on.
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Dantas JM, Portela PC, Fernandes AP, Londer YY, Yang X, Duke NEC, Schiffer M, Pokkuluri PR, Salgueiro CA. Structural and Functional Relevance of the Conserved Residue V13 in the Triheme Cytochrome PpcA from Geobacter sulfurreducens. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:3050-3060. [PMID: 30875222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The triheme cytochrome PpcA from Geobacter sulfurreducens is highly abundant under several growth conditions and is important for extracellular electron transfer. PpcA plays a central role in transferring electrons resulting from the cytoplasmic oxidation of carbon compounds to the cell exterior. This cytochrome is designed to couple electron and proton transfer at physiological pH, a process achieved via the selection of dominant microstates during the redox cycle of the protein, which are ultimately regulated by a well-established order of oxidation of the heme groups. The three hemes are covered only by a polypeptide chain of 71 residues and are located in the small hydrophobic core of the protein. In this work, we used NMR and X-ray crystallography to investigate the structural and functional role of a conserved valine residue (V13) located within van der Waals contact of hemes III and IV. The residue was replaced by alanine (V13A), isoleucine (V13I), serine (V13S), and threonine (V13T) to probe the effects of the side chain volume and polarity. All mutants were found to be as equally thermally stable as the native protein. The V13A and V13T mutants produced crystals and their structures were determined. The side chain of the threonine residue introduced in V13T showed two conformations, but otherwise the two structures did not show significant changes from the native structure. Analysis of the redox behavior of the four mutants showed that for the hydrophobic replacements (V13A and V13I) the redox properties, and hence the order of oxidation of the hemes, were unaffected in spite of the larger side chain, isoleucine, showing two conformations with minor changes of the protein in the heme core. On the other hand, the polar replacements (V13S and V13T) showed the presence of two more distinctive conformations, and the oxidation order of the hemes was altered. Overall, it is striking that a single residue with proper size and polarity, V13, was naturally selected to ensure a unique conformation of the protein and the order of oxidation of the hemes, endowing the cytochrome PpcA with the optimal functional properties necessary to ensure effectiveness in the extracellular electron transfer respiratory pathways of G. sulfurreducens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana M Dantas
- UCIBIO-Requimte, Departamento de Química , Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica , Portugal
| | - Pilar C Portela
- UCIBIO-Requimte, Departamento de Química , Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica , Portugal
| | - Ana P Fernandes
- UCIBIO-Requimte, Departamento de Química , Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica , Portugal
| | - Yuri Y Londer
- Biosciences Division , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Biosciences Division , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Norma E C Duke
- Biosciences Division , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Marianne Schiffer
- Biosciences Division , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - P Raj Pokkuluri
- Biosciences Division , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Carlos A Salgueiro
- UCIBIO-Requimte, Departamento de Química , Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica , Portugal
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Liao H, Yu K, Duan Y, Ning Z, Li B, He L, Liu C. Profiling microbial communities in a watershed undergoing intensive anthropogenic activities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:1137-1147. [PMID: 30180322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In lotic ecosystems highly susceptible to anthropogenic activities, the influences of environmental variables on microbial communities and their functions remain poorly understood, despite our rapidly increasing sequencing ability. In this study, we profiled the microbial communities in the hyporheic sediments of a watershed undergoing intensive anthropogenic activities via next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA V4-V5 hypervariable regions on Illumina MiSeq platform. Tidal impacts on microbial communities were investigated via co-occurrence networks. In addition, the influences of physicochemical variables including salinity, and the concentrations of nutrients, organic matter and heavy metals on the microbial communities were explored via canonical correspondence analyses. The sediment samples were collected from 19 sites covering the whole main river stem of the target watershed (n = 19; Maozhou river watershed, Shenzhen, China). The samples were sub-divided in the field for microbiological analyses and measurements of physicochemical variables. The results indicated that core microbiome was associated with archaea methanogens and bacteria members from Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Synergistetes and Firmicutes, among which, gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria genera contributing to the cycling of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur were predominant. Site-specific microbiomes were revealed that may serve as indicators of local environmental conditions (e.g., members affiliated to Oceanospirillales were abundant at sites with salt intrusion). Distinct microbial co-occurrence networks were identified for non-tidal, inter-tidal and tidal sites. Major environmental factors influencing microbial community composition included the concentrations of nitrate and bicarbonate in river water, pore water concentrations of sulfate, dissolved organic carbon and electrical conductivity, as well as manganese concentrations associated with the solid sediment. Collectively, the results of this study provide fundamental insights into the influence of environmental perturbations on microbial community composition in a lotic system, which may aid in the design of effective remediation and/or restoration strategies in the target watershed and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hehuan Liao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yanhua Duan
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Zigong Ning
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Binrui Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Leiyu He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Chongxuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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Liu L, Zhang Z, Song W, Chu Y. Removal of radionuclide U(VI) from aqueous solution by the resistant fungus Absidia corymbifera. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6209-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Holmes DE, Orelana R, Giloteaux L, Wang LY, Shrestha P, Williams K, Lovley DR, Rotaru AE. Potential for Methanosarcina to Contribute to Uranium Reduction during Acetate-Promoted Groundwater Bioremediation. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 76:660-667. [PMID: 29500492 PMCID: PMC6132540 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies of acetate-promoted bioremediation of uranium-contaminated aquifers focused on Geobacter because no other microorganisms that can couple the oxidation of acetate with U(VI) reduction had been detected in situ. Monitoring the levels of methyl CoM reductase subunit A (mcrA) transcripts during an acetate-injection field experiment demonstrated that acetoclastic methanogens from the genus Methanosarcina were enriched after 40 days of acetate amendment. The increased abundance of Methanosarcina corresponded with an accumulation of methane in the groundwater. In order to determine whether Methanosarcina species could be participating in U(VI) reduction in the subsurface, cell suspensions of Methanosarcina barkeri were incubated in the presence of U(VI) with acetate provided as the electron donor. U(VI) was reduced by metabolically active M. barkeri cells; however, no U(VI) reduction was observed in inactive controls. These results demonstrate that Methanosarcina species could play an important role in the long-term bioremediation of uranium-contaminated aquifers after depletion of Fe(III) oxides limits the growth of Geobacter species. The results also suggest that Methanosarcina have the potential to influence uranium geochemistry in a diversity of anaerobic sedimentary environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn E Holmes
- Department of Physical and Biological Science, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
| | - Roberto Orelana
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Ludovic Giloteaux
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Li-Ying Wang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Pravin Shrestha
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Derek R Lovley
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
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Kolhe N, Zinjarde S, Acharya C. Responses exhibited by various microbial groups relevant to uranium exposure. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1828-1846. [PMID: 30017503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is a strong interest in knowing how various microbial systems respond to the presence of uranium (U), largely in the context of bioremediation. There is no known biological role for uranium so far. Uranium is naturally present in rocks and minerals. The insoluble nature of the U(IV) minerals keeps uranium firmly bound in the earth's crust minimizing its bioavailability. However, anthropogenic nuclear reaction processes over the last few decades have resulted in introduction of uranium into the environment in soluble and toxic forms. Microbes adsorb, accumulate, reduce, oxidize, possibly respire, mineralize and precipitate uranium. This review focuses on the microbial responses to uranium exposure which allows the alteration of the forms and concentrations of uranium within the cell and in the local environment. Detailed information on the three major bioprocesses namely, biosorption, bioprecipitation and bioreduction exhibited by the microbes belonging to various groups and subgroups of bacteria, fungi and algae is provided in this review elucidating their intrinsic and engineered abilities for uranium removal. The survey also highlights the instances of the field trials undertaken for in situ uranium bioremediation. Advances in genomics and proteomics approaches providing the information on the regulatory and physiologically important determinants in the microbes in response to uranium challenge have been catalogued here. Recent developments in metagenomics and metaproteomics indicating the ecologically relevant traits required for the adaptation and survival of environmental microbes residing in uranium contaminated sites are also included. A comprehensive understanding of the microbial responses to uranium can facilitate the development of in situ U bioremediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Kolhe
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India; Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Smita Zinjarde
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India; Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Celin Acharya
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Trombay, Mumbai 400094, India.
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15
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Majumder ELW, Wall JD. Uranium Bio-Transformations: Chemical or Biological Processes? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/ojic.2017.72003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Techtmann SM, Hazen TC. Metagenomic applications in environmental monitoring and bioremediation. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 43:1345-54. [PMID: 27558781 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid advances in sequencing technology, the cost of sequencing has dramatically dropped and the scale of sequencing projects has increased accordingly. This has provided the opportunity for the routine use of sequencing techniques in the monitoring of environmental microbes. While metagenomic applications have been routinely applied to better understand the ecology and diversity of microbes, their use in environmental monitoring and bioremediation is increasingly common. In this review we seek to provide an overview of some of the metagenomic techniques used in environmental systems biology, addressing their application and limitation. We will also provide several recent examples of the application of metagenomics to bioremediation. We discuss examples where microbial communities have been used to predict the presence and extent of contamination, examples of how metagenomics can be used to characterize the process of natural attenuation by unculturable microbes, as well as examples detailing the use of metagenomics to understand the impact of biostimulation on microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terry C Hazen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
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17
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Wang DZ, Kong LF, Li YY, Xie ZX. Environmental Microbial Community Proteomics: Status, Challenges and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1275. [PMID: 27527164 PMCID: PMC5000673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial community proteomics, also termed metaproteomics, is an emerging field within the area of microbiology, which studies the entire protein complement recovered directly from a complex environmental microbial community at a given point in time. Although it is still in its infancy, microbial community proteomics has shown its powerful potential in exploring microbial diversity, metabolic potential, ecological function and microbe-environment interactions. In this paper, we review recent advances achieved in microbial community proteomics conducted in diverse environments, such as marine and freshwater, sediment and soil, activated sludge, acid mine drainage biofilms and symbiotic communities. The challenges facing microbial community proteomics are also discussed, and we believe that microbial community proteomics will greatly enhance our understanding of the microbial world and its interactions with the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Ling-Fen Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zhang-Xian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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18
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The Role of Bacterial Spores in Metal Cycling and Their Potential Application in Metal Contaminant Bioremediation. Microbiol Spectr 2016; 4. [DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.tbs-0018-2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Bacteria are one of the premier biological forces that, in combination with chemical and physical forces, drive metal availability in the environment. Bacterial spores, when found in the environment, are often considered to be dormant and metabolically inactive, in a resting state waiting for favorable conditions for them to germinate. However, this is a highly oversimplified view of spores in the environment. The surface of bacterial spores represents a potential site for chemical reactions to occur. Additionally, proteins in the outer layers (spore coats or exosporium) may also have more specific catalytic activity. As a consequence, bacterial spores can play a role in geochemical processes and may indeed find uses in various biotechnological applications. The aim of this review is to introduce the role of bacteria and bacterial spores in biogeochemical cycles and their potential use as toxic metal bioremediation agents.
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Christie-Oleza JA, Armengaud J. Proteomics of theRoseobacterclade, a window to the marine microbiology landscape. Proteomics 2015; 15:3928-42. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Armengaud
- CEA; DSV; IBiTec-S; SPI; Li2D; Laboratory “Innovative Technologies for Detection and Diagnostics”; Bagnols-sur-Cèze France
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McGuinness LR, Wilkins MJ, Williams KH, Long PE, Kerkhof LJ. Identification of Bacteria Synthesizing Ribosomal RNA in Response to Uranium Addition During Biostimulation at the Rifle, CO Integrated Field Research Site. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137270. [PMID: 26382047 PMCID: PMC4575074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding which organisms are capable of reducing uranium at historically contaminated sites provides crucial information needed to evaluate treatment options and outcomes. One approach is determination of the bacteria which directly respond to uranium addition. In this study, uranium amendments were made to groundwater samples from a site of ongoing biostimulation with acetate. The active microbes in the planktonic phase were deduced by monitoring ribosomes production via RT-PCR. The results indicated several microorganisms were synthesizing ribosomes in proportion with uranium amendment up to 2 μM. Concentrations of U (VI) >2 μM were generally found to inhibit ribosome synthesis. Two active bacteria responding to uranium addition in the field were close relatives of Desulfobacter postgateii and Geobacter bemidjiensis. Since RNA content often increases with growth rate, our findings suggest it is possible to rapidly elucidate active bacteria responding to the addition of uranium in field samples and provides a more targeted approach to stimulate specific populations to enhance radionuclide reduction in contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora R. McGuinness
- Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Wilkins
- School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Kenneth H. Williams
- Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Philip E. Long
- Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Lee J. Kerkhof
- Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Arsène-Ploetze F, Bertin PN, Carapito C. Proteomic tools to decipher microbial community structure and functioning. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:13599-13612. [PMID: 25475614 PMCID: PMC4560766 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in microbial ecology allow studying microorganisms in their environment, without laboratory cultivation, in order to get access to the large uncultivable microbial community. With this aim, environmental proteomics has emerged as an appropriate complementary approach to metagenomics providing information on key players that carry out main metabolic functions and addressing the adaptation capacities of living organisms in situ. In this review, a wide range of proteomic approaches applied to investigate the structure and functioning of microbial communities as well as recent examples of such studies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Arsène-Ploetze
- Génétique moléculaire, Génomique et Microbiologie, Université de Strasbourg, UMR7156 CNRS, Strasbourg, France,
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22
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A Post-Genomic View of the Ecophysiology, Catabolism and Biotechnological Relevance of Sulphate-Reducing Prokaryotes. Adv Microb Physiol 2015. [PMID: 26210106 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dissimilatory sulphate reduction is the unifying and defining trait of sulphate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP). In their predominant habitats, sulphate-rich marine sediments, SRP have long been recognized to be major players in the carbon and sulphur cycles. Other, more recently appreciated, ecophysiological roles include activity in the deep biosphere, symbiotic relations, syntrophic associations, human microbiome/health and long-distance electron transfer. SRP include a high diversity of organisms, with large nutritional versatility and broad metabolic capacities, including anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds and hydrocarbons. Elucidation of novel catabolic capacities as well as progress in the understanding of metabolic and regulatory networks, energy metabolism, evolutionary processes and adaptation to changing environmental conditions has greatly benefited from genomics, functional OMICS approaches and advances in genetic accessibility and biochemical studies. Important biotechnological roles of SRP range from (i) wastewater and off gas treatment, (ii) bioremediation of metals and hydrocarbons and (iii) bioelectrochemistry, to undesired impacts such as (iv) souring in oil reservoirs and other environments, and (v) corrosion of iron and concrete. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of SRPs focusing mainly on works published after 2000. The wealth of publications in this period, covering many diverse areas, is a testimony to the large environmental, biogeochemical and technological relevance of these organisms and how much the field has progressed in these years, although many important questions and applications remain to be explored.
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Functional environmental proteomics: elucidating the role of a c-type cytochrome abundant during uranium bioremediation. ISME JOURNAL 2015; 10:310-20. [PMID: 26140532 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2015.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Studies with pure cultures of dissimilatory metal-reducing microorganisms have demonstrated that outer-surface c-type cytochromes are important electron transfer agents for the reduction of metals, but previous environmental proteomic studies have typically not recovered cytochrome sequences from subsurface environments in which metal reduction is important. Gel-separation, heme-staining and mass spectrometry of proteins in groundwater from in situ uranium bioremediation experiments identified a putative c-type cytochrome, designated Geobacter subsurface c-type cytochrome A (GscA), encoded within the genome of strain M18, a Geobacter isolate previously recovered from the site. Homologs of GscA were identified in the genomes of other Geobacter isolates in the phylogenetic cluster known as subsurface clade 1, which predominates in a diversity of Fe(III)-reducing subsurface environments. Most of the gscA sequences recovered from groundwater genomic DNA clustered in a tight phylogenetic group closely related to strain M18. GscA was most abundant in groundwater samples in which Geobacter sp. predominated. Expression of gscA in a strain of Geobacter sulfurreducens that lacked the gene for the c-type cytochrome OmcS, thought to facilitate electron transfer from conductive pili to Fe(III) oxide, restored the capacity for Fe(III) oxide reduction. Atomic force microscopy provided evidence that GscA was associated with the pili. These results demonstrate that a c-type cytochrome with an apparent function similar to that of OmcS is abundant when Geobacter sp. are abundant in the subsurface, providing insight into the mechanisms for the growth of subsurface Geobacter sp. on Fe(III) oxide and suggesting an approach for functional analysis of other Geobacter proteins found in the subsurface.
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24
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Wu Y, Li CH, Zhao J, Xiao YL, Cao H. Metaproteome of the microbial community in paddy soil after long-term treatment with mineral and organic fertilizers. Isr J Ecol Evol 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15659801.2015.1137438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The soil microbial community research conducted in the field has focused on the genetic diversity of these organisms. In this study, we assessed the proteins expressed in soil microbial communities following the long-term application of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and organic manure (M) to paddy soil, indirect extraction method and separated via two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and identified using a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) approach. We found that the number of cells in the primary soil in the M treatment was significantly greater than in the NPK and CK treatments. The numbers of cells extracted were consistent with the total cell numbers and the concentration of extracted proteins (CK < NPK < M). 303 and 306 protein spots being detected in the CK map and NPK map, respectively. Eleven spots of interest were identified in the 2D gels, including 8 different protein spots and 3 unique protein spots. Three common proteins involved in protein hydrolysis and glutamate synthesis and metabolism. Eight differentially expressed proteins involved in DNA replication, transcription, protein folding and energy metabolism, the processes of cofactor and vitamin metabolism, transcriptional regulation, recombination and xenobiotic compound biodegradation and metabolism. The long-term application of fertilization resulted in significant changes in the microbial community structure and function, and the long-term application of pig manure significantly increased the microbial biomass and the functional and structural diversity in the soil. It is very interesting to address the MS identification of intracellular proteins from microbial communities under different fertilizer treatments in a paddy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- College of Life Sciences/Key Laboratory of Microbiology Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Chuan-Hai Li
- College of Life Sciences/Key Laboratory of Microbiology Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Juan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences/Key Laboratory of Microbiology Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Yong-Liang Xiao
- College of Life Sciences/Key Laboratory of Microbiology Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Life Sciences/Key Laboratory of Microbiology Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University
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25
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Koribanics NM, Tuorto SJ, Lopez-Chiaffarelli N, McGuinness LR, Häggblom MM, Williams KH, Long PE, Kerkhof LJ. Spatial distribution of an uranium-respiring betaproteobacterium at the Rifle, CO field research site. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123378. [PMID: 25874721 PMCID: PMC4395306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Department of Energy’s Integrated Field-Scale Subsurface Research Challenge Site (IFRC) at Rifle, Colorado was created to address the gaps in knowledge on the mechanisms and rates of U(VI) bioreduction in alluvial sediments. Previous studies at the Rifle IFRC have linked microbial processes to uranium immobilization during acetate amendment. Several key bacteria believed to be involved in radionuclide containment have been described; however, most of the evidence implicating uranium reduction with specific microbiota has been indirect. Here, we report on the cultivation of a microorganism from the Rifle IFRC that reduces uranium and appears to utilize it as a terminal electron acceptor for respiration with acetate as electron donor. Furthermore, this bacterium constitutes a significant proportion of the subsurface sediment community prior to biostimulation based on TRFLP profiling of 16S rRNA genes. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicates that the microorganism is a betaproteobacterium with a high similarity to Burkholderia fungorum. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of a betaproteobacterium capable of uranium respiration. Our results indicate that this microorganism occurs commonly in alluvial sediments located between 3-6 m below ground surface at Rifle and may play a role in the initial reduction of uranium at the site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M. Koribanics
- Inst. of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Tuorto
- Inst. of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Nora Lopez-Chiaffarelli
- Inst. of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Lora R. McGuinness
- Inst. of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Max M. Häggblom
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Kenneth H. Williams
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Philip E. Long
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Lee J. Kerkhof
- Inst. of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Merkley ED, Wrighton KC, Castelle CJ, Anderson BJ, Wilkins MJ, Shah V, Arbour T, Brown JN, Singer SW, Smith RD, Lipton MS. Changes in protein expression across laboratory and field experiments in Geobacter bemidjiensis. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:1361-75. [PMID: 25496566 DOI: 10.1021/pr500983v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular metal respiration, as carried out by members of the genus Geobacter, is of interest for applications including microbial fuel cells and bioremediation. Geobacter bemidjiensis is the major species whose growth is stimulated during groundwater amendment with acetate. We have carried out label-free proteomics studies of G. bemidjiensis grown with acetate as the electron donor and either fumarate, ferric citrate, or one of two hydrous ferric oxide mineral types as electron acceptor. The major class of proteins whose expression changes across these conditions is c-type cytochromes, many of which are known to be involved in extracellular metal reduction in other, better-characterized Geobacter species. Some proteins with multiple homologues in G. bemidjiensis (OmcS, OmcB) had different expression patterns than observed for their G. sulfurreducens homologues under similar growth conditions. We also compared the proteome from our study to a prior proteomics study of biomass recovered from an aquifer in Colorado, where the microbial community was dominated by strains closely related to G. bemidjiensis. We detected an increased number of proteins with functions related to motility and chemotaxis in the Colorado field samples compared to the laboratory samples, suggesting the importance of motility for in situ extracellular metal respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Merkley
- Signature Sciences and Technology Division, and ‡Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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27
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Hug LA, Thomas BC, Brown CT, Frischkorn KR, Williams KH, Tringe SG, Banfield JF. Aquifer environment selects for microbial species cohorts in sediment and groundwater. ISME JOURNAL 2015; 9:1846-56. [PMID: 25647349 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2015.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the biogeography or stability of sediment-associated microbial community membership because these environments are biologically complex and generally difficult to sample. High-throughput-sequencing methods provide new opportunities to simultaneously genomically sample and track microbial community members across a large number of sampling sites or times, with higher taxonomic resolution than is associated with 16 S ribosomal RNA gene surveys, and without the disadvantages of primer bias and gene copy number uncertainty. We characterized a sediment community at 5 m depth in an aquifer adjacent to the Colorado River and tracked its most abundant 133 organisms across 36 different sediment and groundwater samples. We sampled sites separated by centimeters, meters and tens of meters, collected on seven occasions over 6 years. Analysis of 1.4 terabase pairs of DNA sequence showed that these 133 organisms were more consistently detected in saturated sediments than in samples from the vadose zone, from distant locations or from groundwater filtrates. Abundance profiles across aquifer locations and from different sampling times identified organism cohorts that comprised subsets of the 133 organisms that were consistently associated. The data suggest that cohorts are partly selected for by shared environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Hug
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Brian C Thomas
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Kyle R Frischkorn
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth H Williams
- Geophysics Department, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Susannah G Tringe
- Metagenome Program, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA
| | - Jillian F Banfield
- 1] Department of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, Berkeley, CA, USA
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28
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Holmes DE, Giloteaux L, Chaurasia AK, Williams KH, Luef B, Wilkins MJ, Wrighton KC, Thompson CA, Comolli LR, Lovley DR. Evidence of Geobacter-associated phage in a uranium-contaminated aquifer. THE ISME JOURNAL 2015; 9:333-46. [PMID: 25083935 PMCID: PMC4303627 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Geobacter species may be important agents in the bioremediation of organic and metal contaminants in the subsurface, but as yet unknown factors limit the in situ growth of subsurface Geobacter well below rates predicted by analysis of gene expression or in silico metabolic modeling. Analysis of the genomes of five different Geobacter species recovered from contaminated subsurface sites indicated that each of the isolates had been infected with phage. Geobacter-associated phage sequences were also detected by metagenomic and proteomic analysis of samples from a uranium-contaminated aquifer undergoing in situ bioremediation, and phage particles were detected by microscopic analysis in groundwater collected from sediment enrichment cultures. Transcript abundance for genes from the Geobacter-associated phage structural proteins, tail tube Gp19 and baseplate J, increased in the groundwater in response to the growth of Geobacter species when acetate was added, and then declined as the number of Geobacter decreased. Western blot analysis of a Geobacter-associated tail tube protein Gp19 in the groundwater demonstrated that its abundance tracked with the abundance of Geobacter species. These results suggest that the enhanced growth of Geobacter species in the subsurface associated with in situ uranium bioremediation increased the abundance and activity of Geobacter-associated phage and show that future studies should focus on how these phages might be influencing the ecology of this site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn E Holmes
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
- Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Ludovic Giloteaux
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Akhilesh K Chaurasia
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | - Birgit Luef
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Kelly C Wrighton
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Courtney A Thompson
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Luis R Comolli
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Derek R Lovley
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
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29
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Boaro AA, Kim YM, Konopka AE, Callister SJ, Ahring BK. Integrated 'omics analysis for studying the microbial community response to a pH perturbation of a cellulose-degrading bioreactor culture. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 90:802-15. [PMID: 25290699 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrated 'omics have been used on pure cultures and co-cultures, yet they have not been applied to complex microbial communities to examine questions of perturbation response. In this study, we used integrated 'omics to measure the perturbation response of a cellulose-degrading bioreactor community fed with microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel). We predicted that a pH decrease by addition of a pulse of acid would reduce microbial community diversity and temporarily reduce reactor function in terms of cellulose degradation. However, 16S rDNA gene pyrosequencing results revealed increased alpha diversity in the microbial community after the perturbation, and a persistence of the dominant community members over the duration of the experiment. Proteomics results showed a decrease in activity of proteins associated with Fibrobacter succinogenes 2 days after the perturbation followed by increased protein abundances 6 days after the perturbation. The decrease in cellulolytic activity suggested by the proteomics was confirmed by the accumulation of Avicel in the reactor. Metabolomics showed a pattern similar to that of the proteome, with amino acid production decreasing 2 days after the perturbation and increasing after 6 days. This study demonstrated that community 'omics data provide valuable information about the interactions and function of anaerobic cellulolytic community members after a perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A Boaro
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University Tri-cities, Richland, WA, USA
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30
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Morgado L, Lourenço S, Londer YY, Schiffer M, Pokkuluri PR, Salgueiro CA. Dissecting the functional role of key residues in triheme cytochrome PpcA: a path to rational design of G. sulfurreducens strains with enhanced electron transfer capabilities. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105566. [PMID: 25153891 PMCID: PMC4143306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PpcA is the most abundant member of a family of five triheme cytochromes c7 in the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens (Gs) and is the most likely carrier of electrons destined for outer surface during respiration on solid metal oxides, a process that requires extracellular electron transfer. This cytochrome has the highest content of lysine residues (24%) among the family, and it was suggested to be involved in e−/H+ energy transduction processes. In the present work, we investigated the functional role of lysine residues strategically located in the vicinity of each heme group. Each lysine was replaced by glutamine or glutamic acid to evaluate the effects of a neutral or negatively charged residue in each position. The results showed that replacing Lys9 (located near heme IV), Lys18 (near heme I) or Lys22 (between hemes I and III) has essentially no effect on the redox properties of the heme groups and are probably involved in redox partner recognition. On the other hand, Lys43 (near heme IV), Lys52 (between hemes III and IV) and Lys60 (near heme III) are crucial in the regulation of the functional mechanism of PpcA, namely in the selection of microstates that allow the protein to establish preferential e−/H+ transfer pathways. The results showed that the preferred e−/H+ transfer pathways are only established when heme III is the last heme to oxidize, a feature reinforced by a higher difference between its reduction potential and that of its predecessor in the order of oxidation. We also showed that K43 and K52 mutants keep the mechanistic features of PpcA by establishing preferential e−/H+ transfer pathways at lower reduction potential values than the wild-type protein, a property that can enable rational design of Gs strains with optimized extracellular electron transfer capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Morgado
- Requimte, CQFB, Departamento de Química da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa (FCT/UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Lourenço
- Requimte, CQFB, Departamento de Química da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa (FCT/UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Yuri Y. Londer
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Marianne Schiffer
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States of America
| | - P. Raj Pokkuluri
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Carlos A. Salgueiro
- Requimte, CQFB, Departamento de Química da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa (FCT/UNL), Caparica, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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31
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Enhanced uranium immobilization and reduction by Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:6638-46. [PMID: 25128347 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02289-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms formed by dissimilatory metal reducers are of interest to develop permeable biobarriers for the immobilization of soluble contaminants such as uranium. Here we show that biofilms of the model uranium-reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens immobilized substantially more U(VI) than planktonic cells and did so for longer periods of time, reductively precipitating it to a mononuclear U(IV) phase involving carbon ligands. The biofilms also tolerated high and otherwise toxic concentrations (up to 5 mM) of uranium, consistent with a respiratory strategy that also protected the cells from uranium toxicity. The enhanced ability of the biofilms to immobilize uranium correlated only partially with the biofilm biomass and thickness and depended greatly on the area of the biofilm exposed to the soluble contaminant. In contrast, uranium reduction depended on the expression of Geobacter conductive pili and, to a lesser extent, on the presence of the c cytochrome OmcZ in the biofilm matrix. The results support a model in which the electroactive biofilm matrix immobilizes and reduces the uranium in the top stratum. This mechanism prevents the permeation and mineralization of uranium in the cell envelope, thereby preserving essential cellular functions and enhancing the catalytic capacity of Geobacter cells to reduce uranium. Hence, the biofilms provide cells with a physically and chemically protected environment for the sustained immobilization and reduction of uranium that is of interest for the development of improved strategies for the in situ bioremediation of environments impacted by uranium contamination.
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Handley KM, Wrighton KC, Miller CS, Wilkins MJ, Kantor RS, Thomas BC, Williams KH, Gilbert JA, Long PE, Banfield JF. Disturbed subsurface microbial communities follow equivalent trajectories despite different structural starting points. Environ Microbiol 2014; 17:622-36. [PMID: 24674078 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbial community structure, and niche and neutral processes can all influence response to disturbance. Here, we provide experimental evidence for niche versus neutral and founding community effects during a bioremediation-related organic carbon disturbance. Subsurface sediment, partitioned into 22 flow-through columns, was stimulated in situ by the addition of acetate as a carbon and electron donor source. This drove the system into a new transient biogeochemical state characterized by iron reduction and enriched Desulfuromonadales, Comamonadaceae and Bacteroidetes lineages. After approximately 1 month conditions favoured sulfate reduction, and were accompanied by a substantial increase in the relative abundance of Desulfobulbus, Desulfosporosinus, Desulfitobacterium and Desulfotomaculum. Two subsets of four to five columns each were switched from acetate to lactate amendment during either iron (earlier) or sulfate (later) reduction. Hence, subsets had significantly different founding communities. All lactate treatments exhibited lower relative abundances of Desulfotomaculum and Bacteroidetes, enrichments of Clostridiales and Psychrosinus species, and a temporal succession from highly abundant Clostridium sensu stricto to Psychrosinus. Regardless of starting point, lactate-switch communities followed comparable structural trajectories, whereby convergence was evident 9 to 16 days after each switch, and significant after 29 to 34 days of lactate addition. Results imply that neither the founding community nor neutral processes influenced succession following perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Handley
- Earth & Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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33
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Extraordinary phylogenetic diversity and metabolic versatility in aquifer sediment. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2120. [PMID: 23979677 PMCID: PMC3903129 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms in the subsurface represent a substantial but poorly understood component of the Earth's biosphere. Subsurface environments are complex and difficult to characterize; thus, their microbiota have remained as a 'dark matter' of the carbon and other biogeochemical cycles. Here we deeply sequence two sediment-hosted microbial communities from an aquifer adjacent to the Colorado River, CO, USA. No single organism represents more than ~1% of either community. Remarkably, many bacteria and archaea in these communities are novel at the phylum level or belong to phyla lacking a sequenced representative. The dominant organism in deeper sediment, RBG-1, is a member of a new phylum. On the basis of its reconstructed complete genome, RBG-1 is metabolically versatile. Its wide respiration-based repertoire may enable it to respond to the fluctuating redox environment close to the water table. We document extraordinary microbial novelty and the importance of previously unknown lineages in sediment biogeochemical transformations.
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34
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Yung MC, Ma J, Salemi MR, Phinney BS, Bowman GR, Jiao Y. Shotgun proteomic analysis unveils survival and detoxification strategies by Caulobacter crescentus during exposure to uranium, chromium, and cadmium. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:1833-47. [PMID: 24555639 DOI: 10.1021/pr400880s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous bacterium Caulobacter crescentus holds promise to be used in bioremediation applications due to its ability to mineralize U(VI) under aerobic conditions. Here, cell free extracts of C. crescentus grown in the presence of uranyl nitrate [U(VI)], potassium chromate [Cr(VI)], or cadmium sulfate [Cd(II)] were used for label-free proteomic analysis. Proteins involved in two-component signaling and amino acid metabolism were up-regulated in response to all three metals, and proteins involved in aerobic oxidative phosphorylation and chemotaxis were down-regulated under these conditions. Clustering analysis of proteomic enrichment revealed that the three metals also induce distinct patterns of up- or down-regulated expression among different functional classes of proteins. Under U(VI) exposure, a phytase enzyme and an ABC transporter were up-regulated. Heat shock and outer membrane responses were found associated with Cr(VI), while efflux pumps and oxidative stress proteins were up-regulated with Cd(II). Experimental validations were performed on select proteins. We found that a phytase plays a role in U(VI) and Cr(VI) resistance and detoxification and that a Cd(II)-specific transporter confers Cd(II) resistance. Interestingly, analysis of promoter regions in genes associated with differentially expressed proteins suggests that U(VI) exposure affects cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi C Yung
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, California 94550, United States
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35
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Khemiri A, Carrière M, Bremond N, Ben Mlouka MA, Coquet L, Llorens I, Chapon V, Jouenne T, Cosette P, Berthomieu C. Escherichia coli response to uranyl exposure at low pH and associated protein regulations. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89863. [PMID: 24587082 PMCID: PMC3935937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of uranyl toxicity in bacteria is necessary to optimize strains for bioremediation purposes or for using bacteria as biodetectors for bioavailable uranyl. In this study, after different steps of optimization, Escherichia colicells were exposed to uranyl at low pH to minimize uranyl precipitation and to increase its bioavailability. Bacteria were adapted to mid acidic pH before exposure to 50 or 80 µM uranyl acetate for two hours at pH≈3. To evaluate the impact of uranium, growth in these conditions were compared and the same rates of cells survival were observed in control and uranyl exposed cultures. Additionally, this impact was analyzedby two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis proteomics to discover protein actors specifically present or accumulated in contact with uranium.Exposure to uranium resulted in differential accumulation of proteins associated with oxidative stress and in the accumulation of the NADH/quinone oxidoreductase WrbA. This FMN dependent protein performs obligate two-electron reduction of quinones, and may be involved in cells response to oxidative stress. Interestingly, this WrbA protein presents similarities with the chromate reductase from E. coli, which was shown to reduce uranyl in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbia Khemiri
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Protéine-Métal, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France ; CNRS, UMR Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales 7265, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France ; Université d'Aix-Marseille, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Marie Carrière
- UMR E3 CEA-Université Joseph Fourier, Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Bremond
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Protéine-Métal, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France ; CNRS, UMR Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales 7265, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France ; Université d'Aix-Marseille, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Mohamed Amine Ben Mlouka
- UMR 6270 CNRS, Plateforme Protéomique PISSARO, IRIB -Université de Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Laurent Coquet
- UMR 6270 CNRS, Plateforme Protéomique PISSARO, IRIB -Université de Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Isabelle Llorens
- ESRF-CRG-FAME beamline, Polygone Scientifique Louis Néel, Grenoble, France ; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique CEA, DSM, INAC, Laboratoire Nanostructure et Rayonnement Synchrotron, Grenoble, France
| | - Virginie Chapon
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Protéine-Métal, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France ; CNRS, UMR Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales 7265, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France ; Université d'Aix-Marseille, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Thierry Jouenne
- UMR 6270 CNRS, Plateforme Protéomique PISSARO, IRIB -Université de Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Pascal Cosette
- UMR 6270 CNRS, Plateforme Protéomique PISSARO, IRIB -Université de Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Catherine Berthomieu
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Protéine-Métal, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France ; CNRS, UMR Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales 7265, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France ; Université d'Aix-Marseille, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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36
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Andres J, Arsène-Ploetze F, Barbe V, Brochier-Armanet C, Cleiss-Arnold J, Coppée JY, Dillies MA, Geist L, Joublin A, Koechler S, Lassalle F, Marchal M, Médigue C, Muller D, Nesme X, Plewniak F, Proux C, Ramírez-Bahena MH, Schenowitz C, Sismeiro O, Vallenet D, Santini JM, Bertin PN. Life in an arsenic-containing gold mine: genome and physiology of the autotrophic arsenite-oxidizing bacterium rhizobium sp. NT-26. Genome Biol Evol 2013; 5:934-53. [PMID: 23589360 PMCID: PMC3673622 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evt061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is widespread in the environment and its presence is a result of natural or anthropogenic activities. Microbes have developed different mechanisms to deal with toxic compounds such as arsenic and this is to resist or metabolize the compound. Here, we present the first reference set of genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic data of an Alphaproteobacterium isolated from an arsenic-containing goldmine: Rhizobium sp. NT-26. Although phylogenetically related to the plant-associated bacteria, this organism has lost the major colonizing capabilities needed for symbiosis with legumes. In contrast, the genome of Rhizobium sp. NT-26 comprises a megaplasmid containing the various genes, which enable it to metabolize arsenite. Remarkably, although the genes required for arsenite oxidation and flagellar motility/biofilm formation are carried by the megaplasmid and the chromosome, respectively, a coordinate regulation of these two mechanisms was observed. Taken together, these processes illustrate the impact environmental pressure can have on the evolution of bacterial genomes, improving the fitness of bacterial strains by the acquisition of novel functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Andres
- Laboratoire Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique et Microbiologie, UMR7156 CNRS Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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37
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Chourey K, Nissen S, Vishnivetskaya T, Shah M, Pfiffner S, Hettich RL, Löffler FE. Environmental proteomics reveals early microbial community responses to biostimulation at a uranium- and nitrate-contaminated site. Proteomics 2013; 13:2921-30. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Chourey
- Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge TN USA
| | - Silke Nissen
- Biosciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge TN USA
- Department of Microbiology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | | | - Manesh Shah
- Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge TN USA
| | - Susan Pfiffner
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Robert L. Hettich
- Chemical Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge TN USA
- Department of Microbiology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Frank E. Löffler
- Biosciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge TN USA
- Department of Microbiology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
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38
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Livermore JA, Jin YO, Arnseth RW, Lepuil M, Mattes TE. Microbial community dynamics during acetate biostimulation of RDX-contaminated groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:7672-7678. [PMID: 23781876 DOI: 10.1021/es4012788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Biostimulation of groundwater microbial communities (e.g., with carbon sources) is a common approach to achieving in situ bioremediation of organic pollutants (e.g., explosives). We monitored a field-scale approach to remediate the explosive RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) in an aquifer near the Iowa Army Ammunition Plant in Middletown, IA. The purpose of the study was to gain insight into the effect of biostimulation on the microbial community. Biostimulation with acetate led to the onset of RDX reduction at the site, which was most apparent in monitoring well MW309. Based on previous laboratory experiments, we hypothesized that RDX degradation and metabolite production would correspond to enrichment of one or more Fe(III)-reducing bacterial species. Community DNA from MW309 was analyzed with 454 pyrosequencing and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Production of RDX metabolites corresponded to a microbial community shift from primarily Fe(III)-reducing Betaproteobacteria to a community dominated by Fe(III)-reducing Deltaproteobacteria (Geobacteraceae in particular) and Bacteroidetes taxa. This data provides a firsthand field-scale microbial ecology context to in situ RDX bioremediation using modern sequencing techniques that will inform future biostimulation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Livermore
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 4105 Seamans Center, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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39
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Draft Genome Sequence for Caulobacter sp. Strain OR37, a Bacterium Tolerant to Heavy Metals. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2013; 1:1/3/e00322-13. [PMID: 23792749 PMCID: PMC3675514 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00322-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Caulobacter sp. strain OR37 belongs to the class Alphaproteobacteria and was isolated from subsurface sediments in Oak Ridge, TN. Strain OR37 is noteworthy due to its tolerance to high concentrations of heavy metals, such as uranium, nickel, cobalt, and cadmium, and we present its draft genome sequence here.
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40
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Armengaud J, Hartmann EM, Bland C. Proteogenomics for environmental microbiology. Proteomics 2013; 13:2731-42. [PMID: 23636904 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Proteogenomics sensu stricto refers to the use of proteomic data to refine the annotation of genomes from model organisms. Because of the limitations of automatic annotation pipelines, a relatively high number of errors occur during the structural annotation of genes coding for proteins. Whether putative orphan sequences or short genes encoding low-molecular-weight proteins really exist is still frequently a mystery. Whether start codons are well defined is also an open debate. These problems are exacerbated for genomes of microorganisms belonging to poorly documented genera, as related sequences are not always available for homology-guided annotation. The functional annotation of a significant proportion of genes is also another well-known issue when annotating environmental microorganisms. High-throughput shotgun proteomics has recently greatly evolved, allowing the exploration of the proteome from any microorganism at an unprecedented depth. The structural and functional annotation process may be usefully complemented with experimental data. Indeed, proteogenomic mapping has been successfully performed for a wide variety of organisms. Specific approaches devoted to systematically establishing the N-termini of a large set of proteins are being developed. N-terminomics is giving rise to datasets of experimentally proven translational start codons as well as validated peptide signals for secreted proteins. By extension, combining genomic and proteomic data is becoming routine in many research projects. The proteomic analysis of organisms with unfinished genome sequences, the so-called composite proteomics, and the search for microbial biomarkers by bottom-up and top-down combined approaches are some examples of proteogenomic-flavored studies. They illustrate the advent of a new era of environmental microbiology where proteomics and genomics are intimately integrated to answer key biological questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Armengaud
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Biochim System Perturb, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
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41
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Bioremediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater: a systems approach to subsurface biogeochemistry. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2013; 24:489-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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42
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Hettich RL, Pan C, Chourey K, Giannone RJ. Metaproteomics: harnessing the power of high performance mass spectrometry to identify the suite of proteins that control metabolic activities in microbial communities. Anal Chem 2013; 85:4203-14. [PMID: 23469896 PMCID: PMC3696428 DOI: 10.1021/ac303053e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The availability of extensive genome information for many different microbes, including unculturable species in mixed communities from environmental samples, has enabled systems-biology interrogation by providing a means to access genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic information. To this end, metaproteomics exploits the power of high-performance mass spectrometry for extensive characterization of the complete suite of proteins expressed by a microbial community in an environmental sample.
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43
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Kruger MC, Bertin PN, Heipieper HJ, Arsène-Ploetze F. Bacterial metabolism of environmental arsenic--mechanisms and biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:3827-41. [PMID: 23546422 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4838-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic causes threats for environmental and human health in numerous places around the world mainly due to its carcinogenic potential at low doses. Removing arsenic from contaminated sites is hampered by the occurrence of several oxidation states with different physicochemical properties. The actual state of arsenic strongly depends on its environment whereby microorganisms play important roles in its geochemical cycle. Due to its toxicity, nearly all organisms possess metabolic mechanisms to resist its hazardous effects, mainly by active extrusion, but also by extracellular precipitation, chelation, and intracellular sequestration. Some microbes are even able to actively use various arsenic compounds in their metabolism, either as an electron donor or as a terminal electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. Some microorganisms can also methylate inorganic arsenic, probably as a resistance mechanism, or demethylate organic arsenicals. Bioavailability of arsenic in water and sediments is strongly influenced by such microbial activities. Therefore, understanding microbial reactions to arsenic is of importance for the development of technologies for improved bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated waters and environments. This review gives an overview of the current knowledge on bacterial interactions with arsenic and on biotechnologies for its detoxification and removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Kruger
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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44
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Handley KM, VerBerkmoes NC, Steefel CI, Williams KH, Sharon I, Miller CS, Frischkorn KR, Chourey K, Thomas BC, Shah MB, Long PE, Hettich RL, Banfield JF. Biostimulation induces syntrophic interactions that impact C, S and N cycling in a sediment microbial community. THE ISME JOURNAL 2013; 7:800-16. [PMID: 23190730 PMCID: PMC3603403 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2012.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of subsurface microorganisms to induce reductive immobilization of metals is a promising approach for bioremediation, yet the overall microbial community response is typically poorly understood. Here we used proteogenomics to test the hypothesis that excess input of acetate activates complex community functioning and syntrophic interactions among autotrophs and heterotrophs. A flow-through sediment column was incubated in a groundwater well of an acetate-amended aquifer and recovered during microbial sulfate reduction. De novo reconstruction of community sequences yielded near-complete genomes of Desulfobacter (Deltaproteobacteria), Sulfurovum- and Sulfurimonas-like Epsilonproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Partial genomes were obtained for Clostridiales (Firmicutes) and Desulfuromonadales-like Deltaproteobacteria. The majority of proteins identified by mass spectrometry corresponded to Desulfobacter-like species, and demonstrate the role of this organism in sulfate reduction (Dsr and APS), nitrogen fixation and acetate oxidation to CO2 during amendment. Results indicate less abundant Desulfuromonadales, and possibly Bacteroidetes, also actively contributed to CO2 production via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Proteomic data indicate that sulfide was partially re-oxidized by Epsilonproteobacteria through nitrate-dependent sulfide oxidation (using Nap, Nir, Nos, SQR and Sox), with CO2 fixed using the reverse TCA cycle. We infer that high acetate concentrations, aimed at stimulating anaerobic heterotrophy, led to the co-enrichment of, and carbon fixation in Epsilonproteobacteria. Results give an insight into ecosystem behavior following addition of simple organic carbon to the subsurface, and demonstrate a range of biological processes and community interactions were stimulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Handley
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science,
University of California, Berkeley, CA,
USA
| | - Nathan C VerBerkmoes
- Chemical Sciences and Biosciences Divisions,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN,
USA
| | - Carl I Steefel
- Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA,
USA
| | - Kenneth H Williams
- Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA,
USA
| | - Itai Sharon
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science,
University of California, Berkeley, CA,
USA
| | - Christopher S Miller
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science,
University of California, Berkeley, CA,
USA
| | - Kyle R Frischkorn
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science,
University of California, Berkeley, CA,
USA
| | - Karuna Chourey
- Chemical Sciences and Biosciences Divisions,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN,
USA
| | - Brian C Thomas
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science,
University of California, Berkeley, CA,
USA
| | - Manesh B Shah
- Chemical Sciences and Biosciences Divisions,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN,
USA
| | - Philip E Long
- Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA,
USA
| | - Robert L Hettich
- Chemical Sciences and Biosciences Divisions,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN,
USA
| | - Jillian F Banfield
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science,
University of California, Berkeley, CA,
USA
- Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA,
USA
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45
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Zachara JM, Long PE, Bargar J, Davis JA, Fox P, Fredrickson JK, Freshley MD, Konopka AE, Liu C, McKinley JP, Rockhold ML, Williams KH, Yabusaki SB. Persistence of uranium groundwater plumes: contrasting mechanisms at two DOE sites in the groundwater-river interaction zone. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2013; 147:45-72. [PMID: 23500840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We examine subsurface uranium (U) plumes at two U.S. Department of Energy sites that are located near large river systems and are influenced by groundwater-river hydrologic interaction. Following surface excavation of contaminated materials, both sites were projected to naturally flush remnant uranium contamination to levels below regulatory limits (e.g., 30 μg/L or 0.126 μmol/L; U.S. EPA drinking water standard), with 10 years projected for the Hanford 300 Area (Columbia River) and 12 years for the Rifle site (Colorado River). The rate of observed uranium decrease was much lower than expected at both sites. While uncertainty remains, a comparison of current understanding suggests that the two sites have common, but also different mechanisms controlling plume persistence. At the Hanford 300 A, the persistent source is adsorbed U(VI) in the vadose zone that is released to the aquifer during spring water table excursions. The release of U(VI) from the vadose zone and its transport within the oxic, coarse-textured aquifer sediments is dominated by kinetically-limited surface complexation. Modeling implies that annual plume discharge volumes to the Columbia River are small (<one pore volume). At the Rifle site, slow oxidation of naturally reduced, contaminant U(IV) in the saturated zone and a continuous influx of U(VI) from natural, up-gradient sources influence plume persistence. Rate-limited mass transfer and surface complexation also control U(VI) migration velocity in the sub-oxic Rifle groundwater. Flux of U(VI) from the vadose zone at the Rifle site may be locally important, but it is not the dominant process that sustains the plume. A wide range in microbiologic functional diversity exists at both sites. Strains of Geobacter and other metal reducing bacteria are present at low natural abundance that are capable of enzymatic U(VI) reduction in localized zones of accumulated detrital organic carbon or after organic carbon amendment. Major differences between the sites include the geochemical nature of residual, contaminant U; the rates of current kinetic processes (both biotic and abiotic) influencing U(VI) solid-liquid distribution; the presence of detrital organic matter and the resulting spatial heterogeneity in microbially-driven redox properties; and the magnitude of groundwater hydrologic dynamics controlled by river-stage fluctuations, geologic structures, and aquifer hydraulic properties. The comparative analysis of these sites provides important guidance to the characterization, understanding, modeling, and remediation of groundwater contaminant plumes influenced by surface water interaction that are common world-wide.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Zachara
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
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46
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Dar SA, Tan H, Peacock AD, Jaffe P, N'Guessan L, Williams KH, Strycharz-Glaven S. Spatial Distribution of Geobacteraceae
and Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria During In Situ
Bioremediation of Uranium-Contaminated Groundwater. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/rem.21347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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47
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Wilkins MJ, Wrighton KC, Nicora CD, Williams KH, McCue LA, Handley KM, Miller CS, Giloteaux L, Montgomery AP, Lovley DR, Banfield JF, Long PE, Lipton MS. Fluctuations in species-level protein expression occur during element and nutrient cycling in the subsurface. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57819. [PMID: 23472107 PMCID: PMC3589452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While microbial activities in environmental systems play a key role in the utilization and cycling of essential elements and compounds, microbial activity and growth frequently fluctuates in response to environmental stimuli and perturbations. To investigate these fluctuations within a saturated aquifer system, we monitored a carbon-stimulated in situ Geobacter population while iron reduction was occurring, using 16S rRNA abundances and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry proteome measurements. Following carbon amendment, 16S rRNA analysis of temporally separated samples revealed the rapid enrichment of Geobacter-like environmental strains with strong similarity to G. bemidjiensis. Tandem mass spectrometry proteomics measurements suggest high carbon flux through Geobacter respiratory pathways, and the synthesis of anapleurotic four carbon compounds from acetyl-CoA via pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase activity. Across a 40-day period where Fe(III) reduction was occurring, fluctuations in protein expression reflected changes in anabolic versus catabolic reactions, with increased levels of biosynthesis occurring soon after acetate arrival in the aquifer. In addition, localized shifts in nutrient limitation were inferred based on expression of nitrogenase enzymes and phosphate uptake proteins. These temporal data offer the first example of differing microbial protein expression associated with changing geochemical conditions in a subsurface environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Wilkins
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
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48
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LaMarche BL, Crowell KL, Jaitly N, Petyuk VA, Shah AR, Polpitiya AD, Sandoval JD, Kiebel GR, Monroe ME, Callister SJ, Metz TO, Anderson GA, Smith RD. MultiAlign: a multiple LC-MS analysis tool for targeted omics analysis. BMC Bioinformatics 2013; 14:49. [PMID: 23398735 PMCID: PMC3599190 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-14-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MultiAlign is a free software tool that aligns multiple liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry datasets to one another by clustering mass and chromatographic elution features across datasets. Applicable to both label-free proteomics and metabolomics comparative analyses, the software can be operated in several modes. For example, clustered features can be matched to a reference database to identify analytes, used to generate abundance profiles, linked to tandem mass spectra based on parent precursor masses, and culled for targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric analysis. MultiAlign is also capable of tandem mass spectral clustering to describe proteome structure and find similarity in subsequent sample runs. Results MultiAlign was applied to two large proteomics datasets obtained from liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of environmental samples. Peptides in the datasets for a microbial community that had a known metagenome were identified by matching mass and elution time features to those in an established reference peptide database. Results compared favorably with those obtained using existing tools such as VIPER, but with the added benefit of being able to trace clusters of peptides across conditions to existing tandem mass spectra. MultiAlign was further applied to detect clusters across experimental samples derived from a reactor biomass community for which no metagenome was available. Several clusters were culled for further analysis to explore changes in the community structure. Lastly, MultiAlign was applied to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based datasets obtained from a previously published study of wild type and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzyme knockdown mutants of human hepatocarcinoma to demonstrate its utility for analyzing metabolomics datasets. Conclusion MultiAlign is an efficient software package for finding similar analytes across multiple liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry feature maps, as demonstrated here for both proteomics and metabolomics experiments. The software is particularly useful for proteomic studies where little or no genomic context is known, such as with environmental proteomics.
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49
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Miller CS, Handley KM, Wrighton KC, Frischkorn KR, Thomas BC, Banfield JF. Short-read assembly of full-length 16S amplicons reveals bacterial diversity in subsurface sediments. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56018. [PMID: 23405248 PMCID: PMC3566076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In microbial ecology, a fundamental question relates to how community diversity and composition change in response to perturbation. Most studies have had limited ability to deeply sample community structure (e.g. Sanger-sequenced 16S rRNA libraries), or have had limited taxonomic resolution (e.g. studies based on 16S rRNA hypervariable region sequencing). Here, we combine the higher taxonomic resolution of near-full-length 16S rRNA gene amplicons with the economics and sensitivity of short-read sequencing to assay the abundance and identity of organisms that represent as little as 0.01% of sediment bacterial communities. We used a new version of EMIRGE optimized for large data size to reconstruct near-full-length 16S rRNA genes from amplicons sheared and sequenced with Illumina technology. The approach allowed us to differentiate the community composition among samples acquired before perturbation, after acetate amendment shifted the predominant metabolism to iron reduction, and once sulfate reduction began. Results were highly reproducible across technical replicates, and identified specific taxa that responded to the perturbation. All samples contain very high alpha diversity and abundant organisms from phyla without cultivated representatives. Surprisingly, at the time points measured, there was no strong loss of evenness, despite the selective pressure of acetate amendment and change in the terminal electron accepting process. However, community membership was altered significantly. The method allows for sensitive, accurate profiling of the “long tail” of low abundance organisms that exist in many microbial communities, and can resolve population dynamics in response to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Miller
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
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50
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Luef B, Fakra SC, Csencsits R, Wrighton KC, Williams KH, Wilkins MJ, Downing KH, Long PE, Comolli LR, Banfield JF. Iron-reducing bacteria accumulate ferric oxyhydroxide nanoparticle aggregates that may support planktonic growth. THE ISME JOURNAL 2013; 7:338-50. [PMID: 23038172 PMCID: PMC3554402 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2012.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) play key roles in anaerobic metal and carbon cycling and carry out biogeochemical transformations that can be harnessed for environmental bioremediation. A subset of FeRB require direct contact with Fe(III)-bearing minerals for dissimilatory growth, yet these bacteria must move between mineral particles. Furthermore, they proliferate in planktonic consortia during biostimulation experiments. Thus, a key question is how such organisms can sustain growth under these conditions. Here we characterized planktonic microbial communities sampled from an aquifer in Rifle, Colorado, USA, close to the peak of iron reduction following in situ acetate amendment. Samples were cryo-plunged on site and subsequently examined using correlated two- and three-dimensional cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM). The outer membranes of most cells were decorated with aggregates up to 150 nm in diameter composed of ∼3 nm wide amorphous, Fe-rich nanoparticles. Fluorescent in situ hybridization of lineage-specific probes applied to rRNA of cells subsequently imaged via cryo-TEM identified Geobacter spp., a well-studied group of FeRB. STXM results at the Fe L(2,3) absorption edges indicate that nanoparticle aggregates contain a variable mixture of Fe(II)-Fe(III), and are generally enriched in Fe(III). Geobacter bemidjiensis cultivated anaerobically in the laboratory on acetate and hydrous ferric oxyhydroxides also accumulated mixed-valence nanoparticle aggregates. In field-collected samples, FeRB with a wide variety of morphologies were associated with nano-aggregates, indicating that cell surface Fe(III) accumulation may be a general mechanism by which FeRB can grow while in planktonic suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Luef
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sirine C Fakra
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Roseann Csencsits
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kelly C Wrighton
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth H Williams
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Wilkins
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Biological Sciences Division, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kenneth H Downing
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Philip E Long
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Luis R Comolli
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jillian F Banfield
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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