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Agrawal N, Kumar V, Shahi SK. Biodegradation and detoxification of phenanthrene in in vitro and in vivo conditions by a newly isolated ligninolytic fungus Coriolopsis byrsina strain APC5 and characterization of their metabolites for environmental safety. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:61767-61782. [PMID: 34231140 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15271-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are recalcitrant organic pollutants generated from agricultural, industrial, and municipal sources, and their strong carcinogenic and teratogenic properties pose a harmful threat to human beings. The present study deals with the bioremediation of phenanthrene by a ligninolytic fungus, Coriolopsis byrsina (Mont.) Ryvarden strain APC5 (GenBank; KY418163.1), isolated from the fruiting body of decayed wood surface. During the experiment, Coriolopsis byrsina strain APC5 was found as a promising organism for the degradation and detoxification of phenanthrene (PHE) in in vitro and in vivo conditions. Further, HPLC analysis showed that the C. byrsina strain degraded 99.90% of 20 mg/L PHE in in vitro condition, whereas 77.48% degradation of 50 mg/L PHE was reported in in vivo condition. The maximum degradation of PHE was noted 25 °C temperature under shaking flask conditions at pH 6.0. Further, GC-MS analysis of fungal treated samples showed detection of 9,10-Dihydroxy phenanthrene, 2,2-Diphenic acid, phthalic acid, 4-heptyloxy phenol, benzene octyl, and acetic acid anhydride as the metabolic products of degraded PHE. Furthermore, the phytotoxicity evaluation of degraded PHE was observed through the seed germination method using Vigna radiata and Cicer arietinum seeds. The phytotoxicity results showed that the seed germination index and vegetative growth parameters of tested plants were increased in the degraded PHE soil. As results, C. byrsina strain APC5 was found to be a potential and promising organism to degrade and detoxify PHE without showing any adverse effect of their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Agrawal
- Bio-Resource Tech Laboratory, Department of Botany, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Bio-Resource Tech Laboratory, Department of Botany, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Shahi
- Bio-Resource Tech Laboratory, Department of Botany, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India.
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Sen K, Sen B, Wang G. Diversity, Abundance, and Ecological Roles of Planktonic Fungi in Marine Environments. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050491. [PMID: 35628747 PMCID: PMC9147564 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi are considered terrestrial and oceans are a “fungal desert”. However, with the considerable progress made over past decades, fungi have emerged as morphologically, phylogenetically, and functionally diverse components of the marine water column. Although their communities are influenced by a plethora of environmental factors, the most influential include salinity, temperature, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen, suggesting that fungi respond to local environmental gradients. The biomass carbon of planktonic fungi exhibits spatiotemporal dynamics and can reach up to 1 μg CL−1 of seawater, rivaling bacteria on some occasions, which suggests their active and important role in the water column. In the nutrient-rich coastal water column, there is increasing evidence for their contribution to biogeochemical cycling and food web dynamics on account of their saprotrophic, parasitic, hyper-parasitic, and pathogenic attributes. Conversely, relatively little is known about their function in the open-ocean water column. Interestingly, methodological advances in sequencing and omics approach, the standardization of sequence data analysis tools, and integration of data through network analyses are enhancing our current understanding of the ecological roles of these multifarious and enigmatic members of the marine water column. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the diversity and abundance of planktonic fungi in the world’s oceans and provides an integrated and holistic view of their ecological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Sen
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Biswarup Sen
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guangyi Wang
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Kamei I, Tomitaka N, Taichi, Motoda, Yamasaki Y. Selective Homologous Expression of Recombinant Manganese Peroxidase Isozyme of Salt-Tolerant White-Rot Fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60, and Its Salt-Tolerance and Thermostability. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:248-255. [PMID: 34949746 PMCID: PMC9628849 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2108.08042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Phlebia sp. MG-60 is the salt-tolerant, white-rot fungus which was isolated from a mangrove forest. This fungus expresses three kinds of manganese peroxidase (MGMnP) isozymes, MGMnP1, MGMnP2 and MGMnP3 in low nitrogen medium (LNM) or LNM containing NaCl. To date, there have been no reports on the biochemical salt-tolerance of these MnP isozymes due to the difficulty of purification. In present study, we established forced expression transformants of these three types of MnP isozymes. In addition, the fact that this fungus hardly produces native MnP in a high-nitrogen medium (HNM) was used to perform isozyme-selective expression and simple purification in HNM. The resulting MGMnPs showed high tolerance for NaCl compared with the MnP of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. It was worth noting that high concentration of NaCl (over 200 mM to 1200 mM) can enhance the activity of MGMnP1. Additionally, MGMnP1 showed relatively high thermo tolerance compared with other isozymes. MGMnPs may have evolved to adapt to chloride-rich environments, mangrove forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kamei
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan,Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan,Corresponding author Phone: +81-985-58-7181 Fax: +81-985-58-7181 E-mail:
| | - Nana Tomitaka
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Taichi
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Motoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Yumi Yamasaki
- Faculty of Regional Innovation, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Ben Ayed A, Saint-Genis G, Vallon L, Linde D, Turbé-Doan A, Haon M, Daou M, Bertrand E, Faulds CB, Sciara G, Adamo M, Marmeisse R, Comtet-Marre S, Peyret P, Abrouk D, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Marchand C, Hugoni M, Luis P, Mechichi T, Record E. Exploring the Diversity of Fungal DyPs in Mangrove Soils to Produce and Characterize Novel Biocatalysts. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7050321. [PMID: 33919051 PMCID: PMC8143184 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional diversity of the New Caledonian mangrove sediments was examined, observing the distribution of fungal dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs), together with the complete biochemical characterization of the main DyP. Using a functional metabarcoding approach, the diversity of expressed genes encoding fungal DyPs was investigated in surface and deeper sediments, collected beneath either Avicennia marina or Rhizophora stylosa trees, during either the wet or the dry seasons. The highest DyP diversity was observed in surface sediments beneath the R. stylosa area during the wet season, and one particular operational functional unit (OFU1) was detected as the most abundant DyP isoform. This OFU was found in all sediment samples, representing 51–100% of the total DyP-encoding sequences in 70% of the samples. The complete cDNA sequence corresponding to this abundant DyP (OFU 1) was retrieved by gene capture, cloned, and heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant enzyme, called DyP1, was purified and characterized, leading to the description of its physical–chemical properties, its ability to oxidize diverse phenolic substrates, and its potential to decolorize textile dyes; DyP1 was more active at low pH, though moderately stable over a wide pH range. The enzyme was very stable at temperatures up to 50 °C, retaining 60% activity after 180 min incubation. Its ability to decolorize industrial dyes was also tested on Reactive Blue 19, Acid Black, Disperse Blue 79, and Reactive Black 5. The effect of hydrogen peroxide and sea salt on DyP1 activity was studied and compared to what is reported for previously characterized enzymes from terrestrial and marine-derived fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ben Ayed
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie, Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia;
| | - Geoffroy Saint-Genis
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Laurent Vallon
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Dolores Linde
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB), CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.); (F.J.R.-D.)
| | - Annick Turbé-Doan
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Mireille Haon
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Marianne Daou
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Emmanuel Bertrand
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Craig B. Faulds
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuliano Sciara
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Martino Adamo
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Roland Marmeisse
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Sophie Comtet-Marre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.C.-M.); (P.P.)
| | - Pierre Peyret
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.C.-M.); (P.P.)
| | - Danis Abrouk
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Francisco J. Ruiz-Dueñas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB), CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.); (F.J.R.-D.)
| | - Cyril Marchand
- IMPMC, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, 98851 Noumea, France;
- ISEA, EA, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), 3325, BP R4, 98851 Noumea, France
| | - Mylène Hugoni
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Patricia Luis
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Tahar Mechichi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie, Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia;
| | - Eric Record
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Amoozegar MA, Safarpour A, Noghabi KA, Bakhtiary T, Ventosa A. Halophiles and Their Vast Potential in Biofuel Production. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1895. [PMID: 31507545 PMCID: PMC6714587 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming and the limitations of using fossil fuels are a main concern of all societies, and thus, the development of alternative fuel sources is crucial to improving the current global energy situation. Biofuels are known as the best alternatives of unrenewable fuels and justify increasing extensive research to develop new and less expensive methods for their production. The most frequent biofuels are bioethanol, biobutanol, biodiesel, and biogas. The production of these biofuels is the result of microbial activity on organic substrates like sugars, starch, oil crops, non-food biomasses, and agricultural and animal wastes. Several industrial production processes are carried out in the presence of high concentrations of NaCl and therefore, researchers have focused on halophiles for biofuel production. In this review, we focus on the role of halophilic microorganisms and their current utilization in the production of all types of biofuels. Also, the outstanding potential of them and their hydrolytic enzymes in the hydrolysis of different kind of biomasses and the production of biofuels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Safarpour
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Akbari Noghabi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tala Bakhtiary
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Characterization and Dye Decolorization Potential of Two Laccases from the Marine-Derived Fungus Pestalotiopsis sp .. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081864. [PMID: 30991752 PMCID: PMC6515530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two laccase-encoding genes from the marine-derived fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. have been cloned in Aspergillus niger for heterologous production, and the recombinant enzymes have been characterized to study their physicochemical properties, their ability to decolorize textile dyes for potential biotechnological applications, and their activity in the presence of sea salt. The optimal pH and temperature of PsLac1 and PsLac2 differed in relation to the substrates tested, and both enzymes were shown to be extremely stable at temperatures up to 50 °C, retaining 100% activity after 3 h at 50 °C. Both enzymes were stable between pH 4–6. Different substrate specificities were exhibited, and the lowest Km and highest catalytic efficiency values were obtained against syringaldazine and 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP) for PsLac1 and PsLac2, respectively. The industrially important dyes—Acid Yellow, Bromo Cresol Purple, Nitrosulfonazo III, and Reactive Black 5—were more efficiently decolorized by PsLac1 in the presence of the redox mediator 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT). Activities were compared in saline conditions, and PsLac2 seemed more adapted to the presence of sea salt than PsLac1. The overall surface charges of the predicted PsLac three-dimensional models showed large negatively charged surfaces for PsLac2, as found in proteins for marine organisms, and more balanced solvent exposed charges for PsLac1, as seen in proteins from terrestrial organisms.
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Motoda T, Yamaguchi M, Tsuyama T, Kamei I. Down-regulation of pyruvate decarboxylase gene of white-rot fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60 modify the metabolism of sugars and productivity of extracellular peroxidase activity. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 127:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Balabanova L, Slepchenko L, Son O, Tekutyeva L. Biotechnology Potential of Marine Fungi Degrading Plant and Algae Polymeric Substrates. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1527. [PMID: 30050513 PMCID: PMC6052901 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi possess the metabolic capacity to degrade environment organic matter, much of which is the plant and algae material enriched with the cell wall carbohydrates and polyphenol complexes that frequently can be assimilated by only marine fungi. As the most renewable energy feedstock on the Earth, the plant or algae polymeric substrates induce an expression of microbial extracellular enzymes that catalyze their cleaving up to the component sugars. However, the question of what the marine fungi contributes to the plant and algae material biotransformation processes has yet to be highlighted sufficiently. In this review, we summarized the potential of marine fungi alternatively to terrestrial fungi to produce the biotechnologically valuable extracellular enzymes in response to the plant and macroalgae polymeric substrates as sources of carbon for their bioconversion used for industries and bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Balabanova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
- Innovative Technology Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Lubov Slepchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
- Innovative Technology Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Oksana Son
- Innovative Technology Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Liudmila Tekutyeva
- Innovative Technology Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
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Mäkinen MA, Risulainen N, Mattila H, Lundell TK. Transcription of lignocellulose-decomposition associated genes, enzyme activities and production of ethanol upon bioconversion of waste substrate by Phlebia radiata. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5657-5672. [PMID: 29728725 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Previously identified twelve plant cell wall degradation-associated genes of the white rot fungus Phlebia radiata were studied by RT-qPCR in semi-aerobic solid-state cultures on lignocellulose waste material, and on glucose-containing reference medium. Wood-decay-involved enzyme activities and ethanol production were followed to elucidate both the degradative and fermentative processes. On the waste lignocellulose substrate, P. radiata carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZy) genes encoding cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic activities were significantly upregulated whereas genes involved in lignin modification displayed a more complex response. Two lignin peroxidase genes were differentially expressed on waste lignocellulose compared to glucose medium, whereas three manganese peroxidase-encoding genes were less affected. On the contrary, highly significant difference was noticed for three cellulolytic genes (cbhI_1, eg1, bgl1) with higher expression levels on the lignocellulose substrate than on glucose. This indicates expression of the wood-attacking degradative enzyme system by the fungus also on the recycled, waste core board material. During the second week of cultivation, ethanol production increased on the core board to 0.24 g/L, and extracellular activities against cellulose, xylan, and lignin were detected. Sugar release from the solid lignocellulose resulted with concomitant accumulation of ethanol as fermentation product. Our findings confirm that the fungus activates its white rot decay system also on industrially processed lignocellulose adopted as growth substrate, and under semi-aerobic cultivation conditions. Thus, P. radiata is a good candidate for lignocellulose-based renewable biotechnology to make biofuels and biocompounds from materials with less value for recycling or manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari A Mäkinen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Viikki Campus, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Netta Risulainen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Viikki Campus, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hans Mattila
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Viikki Campus, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina K Lundell
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Viikki Campus, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
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Tsuyama T, Yamaguchi M, Kamei I. Accumulation of sugar from pulp and xylitol from xylose by pyruvate decarboxylase-negative white-rot fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 238:241-247. [PMID: 28433914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phlebia sp. MG-60 is a white-rot fungus that produces ethanol with high efficiency from lignocellulosic biomass without additional enzymes. Through engineering of this powerful metabolic pathway for fermentation in Phlebia sp. MG-60, chemical compounds other than ethanol could be produced. Here, we demonstrate sugar accumulation from unbleached hardwood kraft pulp and conversion of xylose to xylitol by pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc)-negative Phlebia sp. MG-60. We isolated Phlebia sp. strain MG-60-P2 from protoplasts to unify the protoplast phenotypes of the regenerated strains. Homologous recombination achieved a stable pdc-knockout line, designated KO77. The KO77 line produced traces of ethanol, but accumulated xylitol from xylose or glucose from unbleached hardwood kraft pulp. These metabolic changes in the pdc-knockout strain reflect the potential of metabolic engineering in Phlebia sp. MG-60 for direct production of chemical compounds from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Tsuyama
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Megumi Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kamei
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
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Korkmaz MN, Ozdemir SC, Uzel A. Xylanase production from marine derived Trichoderma pleuroticola 08ÇK001 strain isolated from Mediterranean coastal sediments. J Basic Microbiol 2017; 57:839-851. [PMID: 28758291 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201700135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Xylanases constitutes one the most important enzymes with diverse applications in different industries such as bioethanol production, animal feedstock production, production of xylo-oligosaccharides, baking industry, paper and pulp industry, xylitol production, fruit juice, and beer finishing, degumming, and agriculture. Currently, industrial xylanases are mainly produced by Aspergillus and Trichoderma members. Since the marine environments are less studied compared to terrestrial environments and harbors great microbial diversity we aimed to investigate the xylanase production of 88 marine-derived filamentous fungal strains. These strains are semi-quantitatively screened for their extracellular xylanase production and Trichoderma pleuroticola 08ÇK001 xylanase activity was further characterized. Optimum pH and temperature was determined as 5.0 and 50 °C, respectively. The enzyme preparation retained 53% of its activity at pH 5.0 after 1 h and have found resistant against several ions and compounds such as K+ , Ba2+ , Na+ , β-mercaptoethanol, Triton X-100 and toluene. This study demonstrates that marine-derived fungal strains are prolific sources for xylanase production and presents the first report about the production and characterization of xylanase from a marine derived T. pleuroticola strain. The characteristics of T. pleuroticola 08ÇK001 xylanase activity indicate possible employment in some industrial processes such as animal feed, juice and wine industries or paper pulping applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melih N Korkmaz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Ataç Uzel
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
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Effects of saline-alkaline stress on benzo[a]pyrene biotransformation and ligninolytic enzyme expression by Bjerkandera adusta SM46. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:39. [PMID: 26867600 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-2001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) accumulates in marine organisms and contaminated coastal areas. The biotreatment of waste water using saline-alkaline-tolerant white rot fungi (WRF) represents a promising method for removing BaP under saline-alkaline conditions based on WRF's ability to produce ligninolytic enzymes. In a pre-screening for degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of 82 fungal strains using Remazol brilliant blue R, Bjerkandera adusta SM46 exhibited the highest tolerance to saline-alkaline stress. Moreover, a B. adusta culture grown in BaP-containing liquid medium exhibited resistance to salinities up to 20 g l(-1). These conditions did not inhibit fungal growth or the expression of manganese peroxidase (MnP) or lignin peroxidase (LiP). The degradation rate also became higher as salinity increased to 20 g l(-1). Fungal growth and enzyme expression were inhibited at a salinity of 35 g l(-1). These inhibitory effects directly decreased the degradation rate (>24%). The presence of MnSO4 as an inducer improved the degradation rate and enzyme expression. MnP and LiP activity also increased by seven- and fivefold, respectively. SM46 degraded BaP (38-89% over 30 days) in an acidic environment (pH 4.5) and under saline-alkaline stress conditions (pH 8.2). Investigating the metabolites produced revealed BaP-1,6-dione as the main product, indicating the important role of ligninolytic enzymes in initializing BaP cleavage. The other metabolites detected, naphthalene acetic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, benzoic acid, and catechol, may have been ring fission products. The wide range of activities observed suggests that B. adusta SM46 is a potential agent for biodegrading BaP under saline conditions.
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Kuuskeri J, Mäkelä MR, Isotalo J, Oksanen I, Lundell T. Lignocellulose-converting enzyme activity profiles correlate with molecular systematics and phylogeny grouping in the incoherent genus Phlebia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota). BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:217. [PMID: 26482661 PMCID: PMC4610053 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fungal genus Phlebia consists of a number of species that are significant in wood decay. Biotechnological potential of a few species for enzyme production and degradation of lignin and pollutants has been previously studied, when most of the species of this genus are unknown. Therefore, we carried out a wider study on biochemistry and systematics of Phlebia species. METHODS Isolates belonging to the genus Phlebia were subjected to four-gene sequence analysis in order to clarify their phylogenetic placement at species level and evolutionary relationships of the genus among phlebioid Polyporales. rRNA-encoding (5.8S, partial LSU) and two protein-encoding gene (gapdh, rpb2) sequences were adopted for the evolutionary analysis, and ITS sequences (ITS1+5.8S+ITS2) were aligned for in-depth species-level phylogeny. The 49 fungal isolates were cultivated on semi-solid milled spruce wood medium for 21 days in order to follow their production of extracellular lignocellulose-converting oxidoreductases and carbohydrate active enzymes. RESULTS Four-gene phylogenetic analysis confirmed the polyphyletic nature of the genus Phlebia. Ten species-level subgroups were formed, and their lignocellulose-converting enzyme activity profiles coincided with the phylogenetic grouping. The highest enzyme activities for lignin modification (manganese peroxidase activity) were obtained for Phlebia radiata group, which supports our previous studies on the enzymology and gene expression of this species on lignocellulosic substrates. CONCLUSIONS Our study implies that there is a species-level connection of molecular systematics (genotype) to the efficiency in production of both lignocellulose-converting carbohydrate active enzymes and oxidoreductases (enzyme phenotype) on spruce wood. Thus, we may propose a similar phylogrouping approach for prediction of lignocellulose-converting enzyme phenotypes in new fungal species or genetically and biochemically less-studied isolates of the wood-decay Polyporales.
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MESH Headings
- Basidiomycota/classification
- Basidiomycota/enzymology
- Basidiomycota/genetics
- Basidiomycota/metabolism
- Biotransformation
- Cluster Analysis
- Culture Media/chemistry
- DNA, Fungal/chemistry
- DNA, Fungal/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics
- Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating)/genetics
- Lignin/metabolism
- Microbiological Techniques
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- RNA Polymerase II/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Kuuskeri
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Viikki Biocenter 1, P.O.B. 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Miia R Mäkelä
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Viikki Biocenter 1, P.O.B. 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jarkko Isotalo
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Ilona Oksanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Viikki Biocenter 1, P.O.B. 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Taina Lundell
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Viikki Biocenter 1, P.O.B. 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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An H, Wei D, Xiao T. Transcriptional profiles of laccase genes in the brown rot fungus Postia placenta MAD-R-698. J Microbiol 2015; 53:606-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-015-4705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bak JS. Lignocellulose depolymerization occurs via an environmentally adapted metabolic cascades in the wood-rotting basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Microbiologyopen 2014; 4:151-66. [PMID: 25470354 PMCID: PMC4335982 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant biomass can be utilized by a lignocellulose-degrading fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, but the metabolic and regulatory mechanisms involved are not well understood. A polyomics-based analysis (metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics) of P. chrysosporium has been carried out using statistically optimized conditions for lignocellulolytic reaction. Thirty-nine metabolites and 123 genes (14 encoded proteins) that consistently exhibited altered regulation patterns were identified. These factors were then integrated into a comprehensive map that fully depicts all signaling cascades involved in P. chrysosporium. Despite the diversity of these cascades, they showed complementary interconnection among themselves, ensuring the efficiency of passive biosystem and thereby yielding energy expenditure for the cells. Particularly, many factors related to intracellular regulatory networks showed compensating activity in homeostatic lignocellulolysis. In the main platform of proactive biosystem, although several deconstruction-related targets (e.g., glycoside hydrolase, ureidoglycolate hydrolase, transporters, and peroxidases) were systematically utilized, well-known supporters (e.g., cellobiose dehydrogenase and ferroxidase) were rarely generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seop Bak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Advanced Biomass R&D Center, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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Tasaki Y, Sato R, Toyama S, Kasahara K, Ona Y, Sugawara M. Cloning of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes from the basidiomycete mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus and analysis of their expression during fruit-body development. MYCOSCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Bak JS. Complementary substrate-selectivity of metabolic adaptive convergence in the lignocellulolytic performance by Dichomitus squalens. Microb Biotechnol 2014; 7:434-45. [PMID: 24894915 PMCID: PMC4229324 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The lignocellulolytic platform of the wood-decaying organism Dichomitus squalens is important for production of biodegradable elements; however, the system has not yet been fully characterized. In this study, using statistical target optimization, we analysed substrate selectivity based on a variety of D. squalens metabolic pathways using combined omics tools. As compared with the alkali-lignin (AL) programme, the rice straw (RS) programme has the advantage of multilayered signalling to regulate cellulolytic-related genes or to connect their pathways. The spontaneous instability of the AL programme was accelerated by harsh starvation as compared with that of the RS programme. Therefore, the AL programme converged on cellular maintenance much easier and more rapidly. However, regardless of external substrate/concentration type, the compensatory pattern of the major targets (especially peroxidases and growth regulators) was similar, functioning to maintain cellular homeostasis. Interestingly, ligninolytic-mediated targets under non-kaleidoscopic conditions were induced by a substrate-input-control, and especially this mechanism had an important effect on the early stages of the biodegradation process. This optimized target analysis could be used to understand lignocellulolytic network and to improve downstream efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seop Bak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Advanced Biomass R&D Center, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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Yamasaki Y, Yamaguchi M, Yamagishi K, Hirai H, Kondo R, Kamei I, Meguro S. Expression of a manganese peroxidase isozyme 2 transgene in the ethanologenic white rot fungus Phlebia sp. strain MG-60. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:699. [PMID: 26034689 PMCID: PMC4447749 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background The white-rot fungus Phlebia sp. strain MG-60 was proposed as a candidate for integrated fungal fermentation process (IFFP), which unifies aerobic delignification and semi-aerobic consolidated biological processing by a single microorganism based on its ability to efficiently degrade lignin and ferment the sugars from cellulose. To improve IFFP, the development of a molecular breeding method for strain MG-60 is necessary. The purpose of this study is to establish the transformation method for the strain MG-60 and to obtain the over-expressing transformants of lignin-degrading enzyme, manganese peroxidase. Findings In the present study, the expression vector regulated by Phlebia brevispora glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter and terminator was constructed. A polyethylene glycol transformation method for the ethanol-fermenting white-rot fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60 was established with high transformation efficiency, and the manganese peroxidase isozyme 2 gene (MGmnp2) transformants were obtained, showing higher MnP activity than control transformants. MGmnp2 transformants showed higher selective lignin degradation on Quercus wood powder. Conclusions This first report of MG-60 transformation provides a useful methodology for widely accessible to interested researches. These results indicate the possibility of metabolic engineering of strain MG-60 for improving IFFP. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-699) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Yamasaki
- Center of Community Organization, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192 Japan ; Department of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192 Japan
| | - Megumi Yamaguchi
- Department of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192 Japan
| | - Kenji Yamagishi
- Planning and Promotion Section, NARO Tohoku Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, Morioka, 020-0198 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hirai
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529 Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Kondo
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
| | - Ichiro Kamei
- Department of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192 Japan
| | - Sadatoshi Meguro
- Department of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192 Japan
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Arfi Y, Chevret D, Henrissat B, Berrin JG, Levasseur A, Record E. Characterization of salt-adapted secreted lignocellulolytic enzymes from the mangrove fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1810. [PMID: 23651998 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi are important for biomass degradation processes in mangrove forests. Given the presence of sea water in these ecosystems, mangrove fungi are adapted to high salinity. Here we isolate Pestalotiopsis sp. NCi6, a halotolerant and lignocellulolytic mangrove fungus of the order Xylariales. We study its lignocellulolytic enzymes and analyse the effects of salinity on its secretomes. De novo transcriptome sequencing and assembly indicate that this fungus possesses of over 400 putative lignocellulolytic enzymes, including a large fraction involved in lignin degradation. Proteomic analyses of the secretomes suggest that the presence of salt modifies lignocellulolytic enzyme composition, with an increase in the secretion of xylanases and cellulases and a decrease in the production of oxidases. As a result, cellulose and hemicellulose hydrolysis is enhanced but lignin breakdown is reduced. This study highlights the adaptation to salt of mangrove fungi and their potential for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonathan Arfi
- INRA, UMR1163-Biotechnologie des Champignons Filamenteux, ESIL-Polytech, Aix-Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France.
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Kamei I, Hirota Y, Meguro S. Integrated delignification and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of hard wood by a white-rot fungus, Phlebia sp. MG-60. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 126:137-141. [PMID: 23073100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new process of unified aerobic delignification and anaerobic saccharification and fermentation of wood by a single microorganism, the white-rot fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60. This fungus is able to selectively degrade lignin under aerobic solid state fermentation conditions, and to produce ethanol directly from delignified oak wood under semi-aerobic liquid culture conditions. After 56 d aerobic incubation, 40.7% of initial lignin and negligible glucan were degraded. Then under semi-aerobic conditions without the addition of cellulase, 43.9% of theoretical maximum ethanol was produced after 20 d. Changing from aerobic conditions (biological delignification pretreatment) to semi-aerobic conditions (saccharification and fermentation) enabled the fermentation of wood by solely biological processes. This is the first report of ethanol production from woody biomass using a single microorganism without addition of chemicals or enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kamei
- Department of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
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Janusz G, Kucharzyk KH, Pawlik A, Staszczak M, Paszczynski AJ. Fungal laccase, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase: gene expression and regulation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2012. [PMID: 23199732 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research efforts have been dedicated to characterizing expression of laccases and peroxidases and their regulation in numerous fungal species. Much attention has been brought to these enzymes broad substrate specificity resulting in oxidation of a variety of organic compounds which brings about possibilities of their utilization in biotechnological and environmental applications. Research attempts have resulted in increased production of both laccases and peroxidases by the aid of heterologous and homologous expression. Through analysis of promoter regions, protein expression patterns and culture conditions manipulations it was possible to compare and identify common pathways of these enzymes' production and secretion. Although laccase and peroxidase proteins have been crystallized and thoroughly analyzed, there are still a lot of questions remaining about their evolutionary origin and the physiological functions. This review describes the present understanding of promoter sequences and correlation between the observed regulatory effects on laccase, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase genes transcript levels and the presence of specific response elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Janusz
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
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Kamei I, Hirota Y, Mori T, Hirai H, Meguro S, Kondo R. Direct ethanol production from cellulosic materials by the hypersaline-tolerant white-rot fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 112:137-42. [PMID: 22425400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
White-rot fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60 was identified as a good producer of ethanol from several cellulosic materials containing lignin. When this fungus was cultured with 20 g/L unbleached hardwood kraft pulp (UHKP), 8.4 g/L ethanol was produced after 168 h of incubation giving yields of ethanol of 0.42 g/g UHKP, 71.8% of the theoretical maximum. When this fungus was cultured with waste newspaper, 4.2g/L ethanol was produced after 216 h of incubation giving yields of ethanol of 0.20 g/g newspaper, 51.1% of the theoretical maximum. Glucose, mannose, galactose, fructose and xylose were completely assimilated by Phlebia sp. MG-60 with ethanol yields of 0.44, 0.41, 0.40, 0.41 and 0.33 g/g of sugar respectively. These results indicated that Phlebia sp. MG-60 was a good candidate for bioethanol production from cellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kamei
- Department of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
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Mancilla RA, Canessa P, Manubens A, Vicuña R. Effect of manganese on the secretion of manganese-peroxidase by the basidiomycete Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. Fungal Genet Biol 2010; 47:656-61. [PMID: 20434578 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2010.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ligninolytic machinery of the widely used model fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora includes the enzymes manganese-peroxidase (MnP) and laccase (Lcs). In this work the effect of Mn(II) on the secretion of MnP was studied. Cultures grown in the absence of Mn(II) showed high levels of mnp transcripts. However, almost no MnP enzyme was detected in the extracellular medium, either by enzymatic activity assays or Western blot hybridizations. In the corresponding mycelia, immuno-electron microscopy experiments showed high levels of MnP enzyme within intracellular compartments. These results suggest that in addition to its well-known effect on transcription regulation of mnp genes, manganese influences secretion of MnP to the extracellular medium. Experiments carried out in the presence of cycloheximide confirmed that the metal is required to secrete MnP already synthesized and retained within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Mancilla
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Instituto Milenio de Biología Fundamental y Aplicada, Santiago, Chile
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Lundell TK, Mäkelä MR, Hildén K. Lignin-modifying enzymes in filamentous basidiomycetes--ecological, functional and phylogenetic review. J Basic Microbiol 2010; 50:5-20. [PMID: 20175122 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.200900338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi owe powerful abilities for decomposition of the extensive plant material, lignocellulose, and thereby are indispensable for the Earth's carbon cycle, generation of soil humic matter and formation of soil fine structure. The filamentous wood-decaying fungi belong to the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, and are unique organisms specified to degradation of the xylem cell wall components (cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignins and extractives). The basidiomycetous wood-decaying fungi form brackets, caps or resupinaceous (corticioid) fruiting bodies when growing on wood for dissemination of their sexual basidiospores. In particular, the ability to decompose the aromatic lignin polymers in wood is mostly restricted to the white rot basidiomycetes. The white-rot decay of wood is possible due to secretion of organic acids, secondary metabolites, and oxidoreductive metalloenzymes, heme peroxidases and laccases, encoded by divergent gene families in these fungi. The brown rot basidiomycetes obviously depend more on a non-enzymatic strategy for decomposition of wood cellulose and modification of lignin. This review gives a current ecological, genomic, and protein functional and phylogenetic perspective of the wood and lignocellulose-decaying basidiomycetous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taina K Lundell
- Fungal Biotechnology Group, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, Division of Microbiology, Viikki Biocenter, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Bonugli-Santos RC, Durrant LR, da Silva M, Sette LD. Production of laccase, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase by Brazilian marine-derived fungi. Enzyme Microb Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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