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Wang L, Sun Y, Zhang R, Pan K, Li Y, Wang R, Zhang L, Zhou C, Li J, Li Y, Zhu B, Han J. Enhancement of hemostatic properties of Cyclotella cryptica frustule through genetic manipulation. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:136. [PMID: 37710352 PMCID: PMC10503012 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The silicified cell wall of diatoms, also known as frustule, shows huge potential as an outstanding bio-nanomaterial for hemostatic applications due to its high hemostatic efficiency, good biocompatibility, and ready availability. As the architectural features of the frustule determine its hemostatic performance, it is of great interest to develop an effective method to modify the frustule morphology into desired patterns to further improve hemostatic efficiency. RESULTS In this study, the gene encoding Silicalemma Associated Protein 2 (a silicalemma-spanning protein) of Cyclotella cryptica (CcSAP2) was identified as a key gene in frustule morphogenesis. Thus, it was overexpressed and knocked down, respectively. The frustule of the overexpress lines showed no obvious alteration in morphology compared to the wild type (WT), while the size, specific surface area (BET), pore volume, and pore diameter of the knockdown strains changed greatly. Particularly, the knockdown frustules achieved a more pronounced coagulation effect and in vivo hemostatic performance than the WT strains. Such observations suggested that silicalemma proteins are ideal genetic encoding targets for manipulating frustule morphology associated hemostatic properties. Furthermore, the Mantel test was adopted to identify the key morphologies associated with C. cryptica bleeding control. Finally, based on our results and recent advances, the mechanism of frustule morphogenesis was discussed. CONCLUSION This study explores a new strategy for enhancing the hemostatic efficiency of the frustule based on genetic morphology modification and may provide insights into a better understanding of the frustule morphogenesis mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315200, China
| | - Ruihao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kehou Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yuhang Li
- Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315200, China
| | - Chengxu Zhou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315200, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, 617000, China
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Baohua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jichang Han
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315200, China.
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Immobilization of a Broad Range of Polypeptides on the Frustule of the Diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0115322. [PMID: 36226967 PMCID: PMC9642022 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01153-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins immobilized on biosilica which have superior reactivity and specificity and are innocuous to natural environments could be useful biological materials in industrial processes. One recently developed technique, living diatom silica immobilization (LiDSI), has made it possible to immobilize proteins, including multimeric and redox enzymes, via a cellular excretion system onto the silica frustule of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. However, the number of application examples so far is limited, and the type of proteins appropriate for the technique is still enigmatic. Here, we applied LiDSI to six industrially relevant polypeptides, including protamine, metallothionein, phosphotriesterase, choline oxidase, laccase, and polyamine synthase. Protamine and metallothionein were successfully immobilized on the frustule as protein fusions with green fluorescent protein (GFP) at the N terminus, indicating that LiDSI can be used for polypeptides which are rich in arginine and cysteine. In contrast, we obtained mutants for the latter four enzymes in forms without green fluorescent protein. Immobilized phosphotriesterase, choline oxidase, and laccase showed enzyme activities even after the purification of frustule in the presence of 1% (wt/vol) octylphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol. An immobilized branched-chain polyamine synthase changed the intracellular polyamine composition and silica nanomorphology. These results illustrate the possibility of LiDSI for industrial applications. IMPORTANCE Proteins immobilized on biosilica which have superior reactivity and specificity and are innocuous to natural environments could be useful biological materials in industrial processes. Living diatom silica immobilization (LiDSI) is a recently developed technique for in vivo protein immobilization on the diatom frustule. We aimed to explore the possibility of using LiDSI for industrial applications by successfully immobilizing six polypeptides: (i) protamine (Oncorhynchus keta), a stable antibacterial agent; (ii) metallothionein (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), a metal adsorption molecule useful for bioremediation; (iii) phosphotriesterase (Sulfolobus solfataricus), a scavenger for toxic organic phosphates; (iv) choline oxidase (Arthrobacter globiformis), an enhancer for photosynthetic activity and yield of plants; (v) laccase (Bacillus subtilis), a phenol oxidase utilized for delignification of lignocellulosic materials; and (vi) branched-chain polyamine synthase (Thermococcus kodakarensis), which produces branched-chain polyamines important for DNA and RNA stabilization at high temperatures. This study provides new insights into the field of applied biological materials.
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Basarkar V, Govardhane S, Shende P. Multifaceted applications of genetically modified microorganisms: A biotechnological revolution. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1833-1842. [PMID: 35088657 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220128102823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetically modified microorganisms specifically bacteria, viruses, algae and fungi are the novel approaches used in field of healthcare due to more efficacious and targeted delivery in comparison to conventional approaches. OBJECTIVE This review article focuses on applications of genetically modified microorganisms such as bacteria, virus, fungi, virus, etc. in treatment of cancer, obesity, and HIV. Gut microbiome is used to cause metabolic disorders but use of genetically-modified bacteria alters the gut microbiota and delivers the therapeutically effective drug in the treatment of obesity. METHODS To enhance the activity of different microorganisms for treatment, they are genetically modified by incorporating a fragment into the fungi filaments, integrating a strain into the bacteria, engineer a live-virus with a peptide using methods such as amelioration of NAPE synthesis, silica immobilization, polyadenylation, electrochemical, etc. Results: The development of newer microbial strains using genetic modifications offers higher precision, enhance the molecular multiplicity, prevent the degradation of microbes in atmospheric temperature and reduce the concerned side-effect for therapeutic application. Other side genetically modified microorganisms are used in non-healthcare based sector like generation of electricity, purification of water, bioremediation process etc. Conclusions: The bio-engineered micro-organisms with genetic modification prove the advantage over the treatment of various diseases like cancer, diabetes, malaria, organ regeneration, inflammatory bowel disease, etc. The article provides the insights of various applications of genetically modified microbes in various arena with its implementation for the regulatory approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasavi Basarkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Sharayu Govardhane
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Pravin Shende
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
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Turnšek J, Brunson JK, Viedma MDPM, Deerinck TJ, Horák A, Oborník M, Bielinski VA, Allen AE. Proximity proteomics in a marine diatom reveals a putative cell surface-to-chloroplast iron trafficking pathway. eLife 2021; 10:e52770. [PMID: 33591270 PMCID: PMC7972479 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is a biochemically critical metal cofactor in enzymes involved in photosynthesis, cellular respiration, nitrate assimilation, nitrogen fixation, and reactive oxygen species defense. Marine microeukaryotes have evolved a phytotransferrin-based iron uptake system to cope with iron scarcity, a major factor limiting primary productivity in the global ocean. Diatom phytotransferrin is endocytosed; however, proteins downstream of this environmentally ubiquitous iron receptor are unknown. We applied engineered ascorbate peroxidase APEX2-based subcellular proteomics to catalog proximal proteins of phytotransferrin in the model marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proteins encoded by poorly characterized iron-sensitive genes were identified including three that are expressed from a chromosomal gene cluster. Two of them showed unambiguous colocalization with phytotransferrin adjacent to the chloroplast. Further phylogenetic, domain, and biochemical analyses suggest their involvement in intracellular iron processing. Proximity proteomics holds enormous potential to glean new insights into iron acquisition pathways and beyond in these evolutionarily, ecologically, and biotechnologically important microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Turnšek
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard UniversityBostonUnited States
- Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
- Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - John K Brunson
- Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter InstituteLa JollaUnited States
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | | | - Thomas J Deerinck
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Aleš Horák
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of ParasitologyČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of ScienceČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
| | - Miroslav Oborník
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of ParasitologyČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of ScienceČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
| | - Vincent A Bielinski
- Synthetic Biology and Bioenergy, J. Craig Venter InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Andrew Ellis Allen
- Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
- Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter InstituteLa JollaUnited States
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Dubey NC, Tripathi BP. Nature Inspired Multienzyme Immobilization: Strategies and Concepts. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1077-1114. [PMID: 35014469 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In a biological system, the spatiotemporal arrangement of enzymes in a dense cellular milieu, subcellular compartments, membrane-associated enzyme complexes on cell surfaces, scaffold-organized proteins, protein clusters, and modular enzymes have presented many paradigms for possible multienzyme immobilization designs that were adapted artificially. In metabolic channeling, the catalytic sites of participating enzymes are close enough to channelize the transient compound, creating a high local concentration of the metabolite and minimizing the interference of a competing pathway for the same precursor. Over the years, these phenomena had motivated researchers to make their immobilization approach naturally realistic by generating multienzyme fusion, cluster formation via affinity domain-ligand binding, cross-linking, conjugation on/in the biomolecular scaffold of the protein and nucleic acids, and self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules. This review begins with the discussion of substrate channeling strategies and recent empirical efforts to build it synthetically. After that, an elaborate discussion covering prevalent concepts related to the enhancement of immobilized enzymes' catalytic performance is presented. Further, the central part of the review summarizes the progress in nature motivated multienzyme assembly over the past decade. In this section, special attention has been rendered by classifying the nature-inspired strategies into three main categories: (i) multienzyme/domain complex mimic (scaffold-free), (ii) immobilization on the biomolecular scaffold, and (iii) compartmentalization. In particular, a detailed overview is correlated to the natural counterpart with advances made in the field. We have then discussed the beneficial account of coassembly of multienzymes and provided a synopsis of the essential parameters in the rational coimmobilization design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi C Dubey
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Bijay P Tripathi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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Abdelhamid MAA, Pack SP. Biomimetic and bioinspired silicifications: Recent advances for biomaterial design and applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 120:38-56. [PMID: 32447061 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The rational design and controllable synthesis of functional silica-based materials have gained increased interest in a variety of biomedical and biotechnological applications due to their unique properties. The current review shows that marine organisms, such as siliceous sponges and diatoms, could be the inspiration for the fabrication of advanced biohybrid materials. Several biomolecules were involved in the molecular mechanism of biosilicification in vivo. Mimicking their behavior, functional silica-based biomaterials have been generated via biomimetic and bioinspired silicification in vitro. Additionally, several advanced technologies were developed for in vitro and in vivo immobilization of biomolecules with potential applications in biocatalysis, biosensors, bioimaging, and immunoassays. A thin silica layer could coat a single living cell or virus as a protective shell offering new opportunities in biotechnology and nanomedicine fields. Promising nanotechnologies have been developed for drug encapsulation and delivery in a targeted and controlled manner, in particular for poorly soluble hydrophobic drugs. Moreover, biomimetic silica, as a morphogenetically active biocompatible material, has been utilized in the field of bone regeneration and in the development of biomedical implantable devices. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In nature, silica-based biomaterials, such as diatom frustules and sponge spicules, with high mechanical and physical properties were created under biocompatible conditions. The fundamental knowledge underlying the molecular mechanisms of biosilica formation could inspire engineers and chemists to design novel hybrid biomaterials using molecular biomimetic strategies. The production of such biohybrid materials brings the biosilicification field closer to practical applications. This review starts with the biosilicification process of sponges and diatoms with recently updated researches. Then, this article covers recent advances in the design of silica-based biomaterials and their potential applications in the fields of biotechnology and nanomedicine, highlighting several promising technologies for encapsulation of functional proteins and living cells, drug delivery and the preparation of scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A A Abdelhamid
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong-Ro 2511, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Seung Pil Pack
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong-Ro 2511, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Physical, Chemical, and Genetic Techniques for Diatom Frustule Modification: Applications in Nanotechnology. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10238738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diatom frustules represent one of the most complex examples of micro- and nano-structured materials found in nature, being the result of a biomineralization process refined through tens of milions of years of evolution. They are constituted by an intricate, ordered porous silica matrix which recently found several applications in optoelectronics, sensing, solar light harvesting, filtering, and drug delivery, to name a few. The possibility to modify the composition and the structure of frustules can further broaden the range of potential applications, adding new functions and active features to the material. In the present work the most remarkable physical and chemical techniques aimed at frustule modification are reviewed, also examining the most recent genetic techniques developed for its controlled morphological mutation.
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8
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Zhao C, Tian S, Liu Q, Xiu K, Lei I, Wang Z, Ma PX. Biodegradable nanofibrous temperature-responsive gelling microspheres for heart regeneration. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020. [PMID: 33071711 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (heart attack) is the number one killer of heart patients. Existing treatments for heart attack do not address the underlying problem of cardiomyocyte (CM) loss and cannot regenerate the myocardium. Introducing exogenous cardiac cells is required for heart regeneration due to the lack of resident progenitor cells and very limited proliferative potential of adult CMs. Poor retention of transplanted cells is the critical bottleneck of heart regeneration. Here, we report the invention of a poly(l-lactic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) copolymer and its self-assembly into nanofibrous gelling microspheres (NF-GMS). The NF-GMS undergo thermally responsive transition to form not only a 3D hydrogel after injection in vivo, but also exhibit architectural and structural characteristics mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of nanofibrous proteins and gelling proteoglycans or polysaccharides. By integrating the ECM-mimicking features, injectable form, and the capability of maintaining 3D geometry after injection, the transplantation of hESC-derived CMs carried by NF-GMS led to a striking 10-fold graft size increase over direct CM injection in an infarcted rat model, which is the highest reported engraftment to date. Furthermore, NF-GMS carried CM transplantation dramatically reduced infarct size, enhanced integration of transplanted CMs, stimulated vascularization in the infarct zone, and led to a substantial recovery of cardiac function. The NF-GMS may also serve as advanced injectable and integrative biomaterials for cell/biomolecule delivery in a variety of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Shuo Tian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Qihai Liu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Kemao Xiu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ienglam Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Peter X Ma
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Falciatore A, Jaubert M, Bouly JP, Bailleul B, Mock T. Diatom Molecular Research Comes of Age: Model Species for Studying Phytoplankton Biology and Diversity. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:547-572. [PMID: 31852772 PMCID: PMC7054031 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are the world's most diverse group of algae, comprising at least 100,000 species. Contributing ∼20% of annual global carbon fixation, they underpin major aquatic food webs and drive global biogeochemical cycles. Over the past two decades, Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum have become the most important model systems for diatom molecular research, ranging from cell biology to ecophysiology, due to their rapid growth rates, small genomes, and the cumulative wealth of associated genetic resources. To explore the evolutionary divergence of diatoms, additional model species are emerging, such as Fragilariopsis cylindrus and Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata Here, we describe how functional genomics and reverse genetics have contributed to our understanding of this important class of microalgae in the context of evolution, cell biology, and metabolic adaptations. Our review will also highlight promising areas of investigation into the diversity of these photosynthetic organisms, including the discovery of new molecular pathways governing the life of secondary plastid-bearing organisms in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Falciatore
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratory of Chloroplast Biology and Light Sensing in Microalgae, UMR7141 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, UMR7238 Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marianne Jaubert
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratory of Chloroplast Biology and Light Sensing in Microalgae, UMR7141 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, UMR7238 Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Bouly
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratory of Chloroplast Biology and Light Sensing in Microalgae, UMR7141 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, UMR7238 Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Bailleul
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratory of Chloroplast Biology and Light Sensing in Microalgae, UMR7141 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Mock
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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Ford NR, Xiong Y, Hecht KA, Squier TC, Rorrer GL, Roesijadi G. Optimizing the Design of Diatom Biosilica-Targeted Fusion Proteins in Biosensor Construction for Bacillus anthracis Detection. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9010014. [PMID: 31936120 PMCID: PMC7168173 DOI: 10.3390/biology9010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In vivo functionalization of diatom biosilica frustules by genetic manipulation requires careful consideration of the overall structure and function of complex fusion proteins. Although we previously had transformed Thalassiosira pseudonana with constructs containing a single domain antibody (sdAb) raised against the Bacillus anthracis Sterne strain, which detected an epitope of the surface layer protein EA1 accessible in lysed spores, we initially were unsuccessful with constructs encoding a similar sdAb that detected an epitope of EA1 accessible in intact spores and vegetative cells. This discrepancy limited the usefulness of the system as an environmental biosensor for B. anthracis. We surmised that to create functional biosilica-localized biosensors with certain constructs, the biosilica targeting and protein trafficking functions of the biosilica-targeting peptide Sil3T8 had to be uncoupled. We found that retaining the ER trafficking sequence at the N-terminus and relocating the Sil3T8 targeting peptide to the C-terminus of the fusion protein resulted in successful detection of EA1 with both sdAbs. Homology modeling of antigen binding by the two sdAbs supported the hypothesis that the rescue of antigen binding in the previously dysfunctional sdAb was due to removal of steric hindrances between the antigen binding loops and the diatom biosilica for that particular sdAb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R. Ford
- Marine Biotechnology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, WA 98382, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Yijia Xiong
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA
| | - Karen A. Hecht
- Marine Biotechnology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, WA 98382, USA
| | - Thomas C. Squier
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA
| | - Gregory L. Rorrer
- School of Chemical Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Guritno Roesijadi
- Marine Biotechnology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, WA 98382, USA
- School of Chemical Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Abstract
Microalgae are unicellular organisms that act as the crucial primary producers all over the world, typically found in marine and freshwater environments. Most of them can live photo-autotrophically, reproduce rapidly, and accumulate biomass in a short period efficiently. To adapt to the uninterrupted change of the environment, they evolve and differentiate continuously. As a result, some of them evolve special abilities such as toleration of extreme environment, generation of sophisticated structure to adapt to the environment, and avoid predators. Microalgae are believed to be promising bioreactors because of their high lipid and pigment contents. Genetic engineering technologies have given revolutions in the microalgal industry, which decoded the secrets of microalgal genes, express recombinant genes in microalgal genomes, and largely soar the accumulation of interested components in transgenic microalgae. However, owing to several obstructions, the industry of transgenic microalgae is still immature. Here, we provide an overview to emphasize the advantage and imperfection of the existing transgenic microalgal bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Cong Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Hua Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Panwar V, Dutta T. Diatom Biogenic Silica as a Felicitous Platform for Biochemical Engineering: Expanding Frontiers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2295-2316. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Panwar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Tanmay Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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13
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Wali AF, Majid S, Rasool S, Shehada SB, Abdulkareem SK, Firdous A, Beigh S, Shakeel S, Mushtaq S, Akbar I, Madhkali H, Rehman MU. Natural products against cancer: Review on phytochemicals from marine sources in preventing cancer. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:767-777. [PMID: 31516319 PMCID: PMC6733955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine natural products have as of now been acknowledged as the most important source of bioactive substances and drug leads. Marine flora and fauna, such as algae, bacteria, sponges, fungi, seaweeds, corals, diatoms, ascidian etc. are important resources from oceans, accounting for more than 90% of the total oceanic biomass. They are taxonomically different with huge productive and are pharmacologically active novel chemical signatures and bid a tremendous opportunity for discovery of new anti-cancer molecules. The water bodies a rich source of potent molecules which improve existence suitability and serve as chemical shield against microbes and little or huge creatures. These molecules have exhibited a range of biological properties antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumour etc. In spite of huge resources enriched with exciting chemicals, the marine floras and faunas are largely unexplored for their anticancer properties. In recent past, numerous marine anticancer compounds have been isolated, characterized, identified and are under trials for human use. In this write up we have tried to compile about marine-derived compounds anticancer biological activities of diverse flora and fauna and their underlying mechanisms and the generous raise in these compounds examined for malignant growth treatment in the course of the most recent quite a long while.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Farooq Wali
- RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sabhiya Majid
- Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College (GMC), Karan Nagar, Srinagar 190010, J&K, India
| | - Shabhat Rasool
- Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College (GMC), Karan Nagar, Srinagar 190010, J&K, India
| | - Samar Bassam Shehada
- RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shahad Khalid Abdulkareem
- RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aimen Firdous
- Department of Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Panangad 682506, Kerala, India
| | - Saba Beigh
- Institut de Biologie, Molecular et Cellulaire, CNRS, immunopathologie et Chimie Therapeutique, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Sheeba Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 110006, J&K, India
| | - Saima Mushtaq
- Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama 190006, J&K, India
| | - Imra Akbar
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Hassan Madhkali
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattan Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College (GMC), Karan Nagar, Srinagar 190010, J&K, India
- Corresponding author.
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14
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Begum G, Oschatz C, Oschatz M, Kaskel S, Brunner E, Kröger N. Influence of silica architecture on the catalytic activity of immobilized glucose oxidase. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2019. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.18.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gousia Begum
- B Cube Center for Molecular Bioengineering, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research–Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Cathleen Oschatz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martin Oschatz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nils Kröger
- B Cube Center for Molecular Bioengineering, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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15
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Gilbert C, Ellis T. Biological Engineered Living Materials: Growing Functional Materials with Genetically Programmable Properties. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:1-15. [PMID: 30576101 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural biological materials exhibit remarkable properties: self-assembly from simple raw materials, precise control of morphology, diverse physical and chemical properties, self-repair, and the ability to sense-and-respond to environmental stimuli. Despite having found numerous uses in human industry and society, the utility of natural biological materials is limited. But, could it be possible to genetically program microbes to create entirely new and useful biological materials? At the intersection between microbiology, material science, and synthetic biology, the emerging field of biological engineered living materials (ELMs) aims to answer this question. Here we review recent efforts to program cells to produce living materials with novel functional properties, focusing on microbial systems that can be engineered to grow materials and on new genetic circuits for pattern formation that could be used to produce the more complex systems of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Gilbert
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Tom Ellis
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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16
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Kratošová G, Holišová V, Konvičková Z, Ingle AP, Gaikwad S, Škrlová K, Prokop A, Rai M, Plachá D. From biotechnology principles to functional and low-cost metallic bionanocatalysts. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 37:154-176. [PMID: 30481544 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical, physical and mechanical methods of nanomaterial preparation are still regarded as mainstream methods, and the scientific community continues to search for new ways of nanomaterial preparation. The major objective of this review is to highlight the advantages of using green chemistry and bionanotechnology in the preparation of functional low-cost catalysts. Bionanotechnology employs biological principles and processes connected with bio-phase participation in both design and development of nano-structures and nano-materials, and the biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles is becoming even more popular due to; (i) economic and ecologic effectiveness, (ii) simple one-step nanoparticle formation, stabilisation and biomass support and (iii) the possibility of bio-waste valorisation. Although it is quite difficult to determine the precise mechanisms in particular biosynthesis and research is performed with some risk in all trial and error experiments, there is also the incentive of understanding the exact mechanisms involved. This enables further optimisation of bionanoparticle preparation and increases their application potential. Moreover, it is very important in bionanotechnological procedures to ensure repeatability of the methods related to the recognised reaction mechanisms. This review, therefore, summarises the current state of nanoparticle biosynthesis. It then demonstrates the application of biosynthesised metallic nanoparticles in heterogeneous catalysis by identifying the many examples where bionanocatalysts have been successfully applied in model reactions. These describe the degradation of organic dyes, the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds, dehalogenation of chlorinated aromatic compounds, reduction of Cr(VI) and the synthesis of important commercial chemicals. To ensure sustainability, it is important to focus on nanomaterials that are capable of maintaining the important green chemistry principles directly from design inception to ultimate application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Kratošová
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Holišová
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Konvičková
- ENET Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Avinash P Ingle
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Lorena, Brazil
| | - Swapnil Gaikwad
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Tathawade, Pune, India
| | - Kateřina Škrlová
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Prokop
- Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Mahendra Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, S.G.B. Amravati University, Amravati 444602, Maharashtra, India
| | - Daniela Plachá
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic; ENET Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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17
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Gonçalves MC. Sol-gel Silica Nanoparticles in Medicine: A Natural Choice. Design, Synthesis and Products. Molecules 2018; 23:E2021. [PMID: 30104542 PMCID: PMC6222648 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's crust, and over time it has been introduced first into human life and later into engineering. Silica is present in the food chain and in the human body. As a biomaterial, silica is widely used in dentistry, orthopedics, and dermatology. Recently amorphous sol-gel SiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) have appeared as nanocarriers in a wide range of medical applications, namely in drug/gene target delivery and imaging diagnosis, where they stand out for their high biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, enormous flexibility for surface modification with a high payload capacity, and prolonged blood circulation time. The sol-gel process is an extremely versatile bottom-up methodology used in the synthesis of silica NPs, offering a great variety of chemical possibilities, such as high homogeneity and purity, along with full scale pH processing. By introducing organic functional groups or surfactants during the sol-gel process, ORMOSIL NPs or mesoporous NPs are produced. Colloidal route, biomimetic synthesis, solution route and template synthesis (the main sol-gel methods to produce monosized silica nanoparticles) are compared and discussed. This short review goes over some of the emerging approaches in the field of non-porous sol-gel silica NPs aiming at medical applications, centered on the syntheses processes used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Clara Gonçalves
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa,Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
- CQE, Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa,1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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18
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Ragni R, Cicco SR, Vona D, Farinola GM. Multiple Routes to Smart Nanostructured Materials from Diatom Microalgae: A Chemical Perspective. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704289. [PMID: 29178521 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic microalgae, ubiquitously diffused in both marine and freshwater environments, which exist worldwide with more than 100 000 species, each with different morphologies and dimensions, but typically ranging from 10 to 200 µm. A special feature of diatoms is their production of siliceous micro- to nanoporous cell walls, the frustules, whose hierarchical organization of silica layers produces extraordinarily intricate pore patterns. Due to the high surface area, mechanical resistance, unique optical features, and biocompatibility, a number of applications of diatom frustules have been investigated in photonics, sensing, optoelectronics, biomedicine, and energy conversion and storage. Current progress in diatom-based nanotechnology relies primarily on the availability of various strategies to isolate frustules, retaining their morphological features, and modify their chemical composition for applications that are not restricted to those of the bare biosilica produced by diatoms. Chemical or biological methods that decorate, integrate, convert, or mimic diatoms' biosilica shells while preserving their structural features represent powerful tools in developing scalable, low-cost routes to a wide variety of nanostructured smart materials. Here, the different approaches to chemical modification as the basis for the description of applications relating to the different materials thus obtained are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ragni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro,", via Orabona 4, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania R Cicco
- CNR-ICCOM-Bari, Dipartimento di Chimica, via Orabona 4, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Danilo Vona
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro,", via Orabona 4, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluca M Farinola
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro,", via Orabona 4, I-70126, Bari, Italy
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19
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Nguyen PQ, Courchesne NMD, Duraj-Thatte A, Praveschotinunt P, Joshi NS. Engineered Living Materials: Prospects and Challenges for Using Biological Systems to Direct the Assembly of Smart Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704847. [PMID: 29430725 PMCID: PMC6309613 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Vast potential exists for the development of novel, engineered platforms that manipulate biology for the production of programmed advanced materials. Such systems would possess the autonomous, adaptive, and self-healing characteristics of living organisms, but would be engineered with the goal of assembling bulk materials with designer physicochemical or mechanical properties, across multiple length scales. Early efforts toward such engineered living materials (ELMs) are reviewed here, with an emphasis on engineered bacterial systems, living composite materials which integrate inorganic components, successful examples of large-scale implementation, and production methods. In addition, a conceptual exploration of the fundamental criteria of ELM technology and its future challenges is presented. Cradled within the rich intersection of synthetic biology and self-assembling materials, the development of ELM technologies allows the power of biology to be leveraged to grow complex structures and objects using a palette of bio-nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Q. Nguyen
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Noémie-Manuelle Dorval Courchesne
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Anna Duraj-Thatte
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Pichet Praveschotinunt
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Neel S. Joshi
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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20
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Hecht K, Xiong Y, Barrack DA, Ford NR, Roesijadi G, Squier TC. Distance-Matched Tagging Sequence Optimizes Live-Cell Protein Labeling by a Biarsenical Fluorescent Reagent AsCy3_E. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:2104-2110. [PMID: 30023823 PMCID: PMC6044506 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell permeable biarsenical fluorescent dyes built around a cyanine scaffold (AsCy3) create the ability to monitor the structural dynamics of tagged proteins in living cells. To extend the capability of this photostable and bright biarsenical probe to site-specifically label cellular proteins, we have compared the ability of AsCy3 to label two different tagging sequences (i.e., CCKAEAACC and CCKAEAAKAEAAKCC), which were separately engineered onto enhanced green fluorescent proteins (EGFPs) and expressed in Escherichia coli. The cysteine pairs within the shorter protein tag (i.e., Cy3TAG) are designed to specifically match the 14.5 Å interarsenic atomic separation within AsCy3, whereas the longer protein tag (Cy3TAG+6) was identified using a peptide screening approach and reported to enhance the binding affinity and brightness. We report that AsCy3 binds both the tagged proteins with similar high affinities (Kd < 1 μM) under both in vivo labeling conditions and following isolation and labeling of the tagged EGFP protein. Greater experimental reproducibility and substantially larger AsCy3 labeling stoichiometries are observed under in vivo conditions using the shorter Cy3TAG in comparison to the Cy3TAG+6. These results suggest that the use of the distance-matched and conformationally restricted Cy3TAG avoids nonspecific protein interactions, thereby enabling routine measurements of protein localization and conformational dynamics in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen
A. Hecht
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Biotechnology Group, 1529 West Sequim Road, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
| | - Yijia Xiong
- Department
of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University
of Health Sciences, 200
Mullins Drive, Lebanon, Oregon 97355, United States
| | - Daniel A. Barrack
- Department
of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University
of Health Sciences, 200
Mullins Drive, Lebanon, Oregon 97355, United States
| | - Nicole R. Ford
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Biotechnology Group, 1529 West Sequim Road, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
| | - Guritno Roesijadi
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Marine Biotechnology Group, 1529 West Sequim Road, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
- School
of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, 105 SW 26th Street, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Thomas C. Squier
- Department
of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University
of Health Sciences, 200
Mullins Drive, Lebanon, Oregon 97355, United States
- E-mail: . Phone: (541) 259-0230 (T.C.S.)
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21
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Mickoleit F, Schüler D. Generation of Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles with Amplified Catalytic Activities by Genetic Expression of Enzyme Arrays on Bacterial Magnetosomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Mickoleit
- Department Microbiology; University of Bayreuth; Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Dirk Schüler
- Department Microbiology; University of Bayreuth; Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
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22
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The Multiple Roles of Diatoms in Environmental Applications: Prospects for Sol-Gel Modified Diatoms. ADVANCES IN SOL-GEL DERIVED MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-50144-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Abstract
Throughout biology, function is intimately linked with form. Across scales ranging from subcellular to multiorganismal, the identity and organization of a biological structure's subunits dictate its properties. The field of molecular morphogenesis has traditionally been concerned with describing these links, decoding the molecular mechanisms that give rise to the shape and structure of cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. Recent advances in synthetic biology promise unprecedented control over these molecular mechanisms; this opens the path to not just probing morphogenesis but directing it. This review explores several frontiers in the nascent field of synthetic morphogenesis, including programmable tissues and organs, synthetic biomaterials and programmable matter, and engineering complex morphogenic systems de novo. We will discuss each frontier's objectives, current approaches, constraints and challenges, and future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Teague
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Patrick Guye
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Ron Weiss
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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24
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Hyde EDER, Seyfaee A, Neville F, Moreno-Atanasio R. Colloidal Silica Particle Synthesis and Future Industrial Manufacturing Pathways: A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily D. E. R. Hyde
- School of Engineering, and ‡School of Environmental
and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ahmad Seyfaee
- School of Engineering, and ‡School of Environmental
and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Frances Neville
- School of Engineering, and ‡School of Environmental
and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Roberto Moreno-Atanasio
- School of Engineering, and ‡School of Environmental
and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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25
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Xiong Y, Ford NR, Hecht KA, Roesijadi G, Squier TC. Dynamic Stabilization of Expressed Proteins in Engineered Diatom Biosilica Matrices. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1205-9. [PMID: 27139003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of recombinant proteins within the biosilica of living diatoms represents a means to construct functional materials in a reproducible and scalable manner that will enable applications that harness the inherent specificities of proteins to sense and respond to environmental cues. Here we describe the use of a silaffin-derived lysine-rich 39-amino-acid targeting sequence (Sil3T8) that directs a single chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody or an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) to assemble within the biosilica frustule, resulting in abundance of >200 000 proteins per frustule. Using either a fluorescent ligand bound to the scFv or the intrinsic fluorescence of EGFP, we monitored protein conformational dynamics, accessibility to external quenchers, binding affinity, and conformational stability. Like proteins in solution, proteins within isolated frustules undergo isotropic rotational motion, but with 2-fold increases in rotational correlation times that are indicative of weak macromolecular associations within the biosilica. Solvent accessibilities and high-affinity (pM) binding are comparable to those in solution. In contrast to solution conditions, scFv antibodies within the biosilica matrix retain their binding affinity in the presence of chaotropic agents (i.e., 8 M urea). Together, these results argue that dramatic increases in protein conformational stability within the biosilica matrices arise through molecular crowding, acting to retain native protein folds and associated functionality with the potential to allow the utility of engineered proteins under a range of harsh environmental conditions associated with environmental sensing and industrial catalytic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Xiong
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences , Lebanon, Oregon 97355, United States
| | - Nicole R Ford
- Marine Biotechnology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
| | - Karen A Hecht
- Marine Biotechnology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
| | - Guritno Roesijadi
- Marine Biotechnology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Sequim, Washington 98382, United States.,Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Thomas C Squier
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences , Lebanon, Oregon 97355, United States
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26
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Leonardo S, Prieto-Simón B, Campàs M. Past, present and future of diatoms in biosensing. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Ford NR, Hecht KA, Hu D, Orr G, Xiong Y, Squier TC, Rorrer GL, Roesijadi G. Antigen Binding and Site-Directed Labeling of Biosilica-Immobilized Fusion Proteins Expressed in Diatoms. ACS Synth Biol 2016; 5:193-9. [PMID: 26746113 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.5b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana was genetically modified to express biosilica-targeted fusion proteins comprising either enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or single chain antibodies engineered with a tetracysteine tagging sequence. Of interest were the site-specific binding of (1) the fluorescent biarsenical probe AsCy3 and AsCy3e to the tetracysteine tagged fusion proteins and (2) high and low molecular mass antigens, the Bacillus anthracis surface layer protein EA1 or small molecule explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT), to biosilica-immobilized single chain antibodies. Analysis of biarsenical probe binding using fluorescence and structured illumination microscopy indicated differential colocalization with EGFP in nascent and mature biosilica, supporting the use of either EGFP or bound AsCy3 and AsCy3e in studying biosilica maturation. Large increases in the lifetime of a fluorescent analogue of TNT upon binding single chain antibodies provided a robust signal capable of discriminating binding to immobilized antibodies in the transformed frustule from nonspecific binding to the biosilica matrix. In conclusion, our results demonstrate an ability to engineer diatoms to create antibody-functionalized mesoporous silica able to selectively bind chemical and biological agents for the development of sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R. Ford
- Marine Biotechnology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
| | - Karen A. Hecht
- Marine Biotechnology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
| | - DeHong Hu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Galya Orr
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Yijia Xiong
- Department
of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, Oregon 97355, United States
| | - Thomas C. Squier
- Department
of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, Oregon 97355, United States
| | | | - Guritno Roesijadi
- Marine Biotechnology, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
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28
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LeDuff P, Roesijadi G, Rorrer GL. Micro-photoluminescence of single living diatom cells. LUMINESCENCE 2016; 31:1379-1383. [PMID: 26918264 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms are single-celled microalgae that possess a nanostructured, porous biosilica shell called a frustule. This study characterized the micro-photoluminescence (μ-PL) emission of single living cells of the photosynthetic marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana in response to UV laser irradiation at 325 nm using a confocal Raman microscope. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum had two primary peaks, one centered at 500-510 nm, which was attributed to the frustule biosilica, and a second peak at 680 nm, which was attributed to auto-fluorescence of photosynthetic pigments. The portion of the μ-PL emission spectrum associated with biosilica frustule in the single living diatom cell was similar to that from single biosilica frustules isolated from these diatom cells. The PL emission by the biosilica frustule in the living cell emerged only after cells were cultivated to silicon depletion. The discovery of the discovery of PL emission by the frustule biosilica within a single living diatom itself, not just its isolated frustule, opens up future possibilities for living biosensor applications, where the interaction of diatom cells with other molecules can be probed by μ-PL spectroscopy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul LeDuff
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Guritno Roesijadi
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Gregory L Rorrer
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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Delalat B, Sheppard VC, Rasi Ghaemi S, Rao S, Prestidge CA, McPhee G, Rogers ML, Donoghue JF, Pillay V, Johns TG, Kröger N, Voelcker NH. Targeted drug delivery using genetically engineered diatom biosilica. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8791. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Lechner CC, Becker CFW. Silaffins in Silica Biomineralization and Biomimetic Silica Precipitation. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:5297-333. [PMID: 26295401 PMCID: PMC4557024 DOI: 10.3390/md13085297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization processes leading to complex solid structures of inorganic material in biological systems are constantly gaining attention in biotechnology and biomedical research. An outstanding example for biomineral morphogenesis is the formation of highly elaborate, nano-patterned silica shells by diatoms. Among the organic macromolecules that have been closely linked to the tightly controlled precipitation of silica in diatoms, silaffins play an extraordinary role. These peptides typically occur as complex posttranslationally modified variants and are directly involved in the silica deposition process in diatoms. However, even in vitro silaffin-based peptides alone, with and without posttranslational modifications, can efficiently mediate biomimetic silica precipitation leading to silica material with different properties as well as with encapsulated cargo molecules of a large size range. In this review, the biomineralization process of silica in diatoms is summarized with a specific focus on silaffins and their in vitro silica precipitation properties. Applications in the area of bio- and nanotechnology as well as in diagnostics and therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin C Lechner
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Fondation Sandoz Chair in Biophysical Chemistry of Macromolecules, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Christian F W Becker
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Jackson E, Ferrari M, Cuestas-Ayllon C, Fernández-Pacheco R, Perez-Carvajal J, de la Fuente JM, Grazú V, Betancor L. Protein-templated biomimetic silica nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:3687-3695. [PMID: 25741589 DOI: 10.1021/la504978r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic silica particles can be synthesized as a nanosized material within minutes in a process mimicked from living organisms such as diatoms and sponges. In this work, we have studied the effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a template to direct the synthesis of silica nanoparticles (NPs) with the potential to associate proteins on its surface. Our approach enables the formation of spheres with different physicochemical properties. Particles using BSA as a protein template were smaller (∼250-380 nm) and were more monodisperse than those lacking the proteic core (∼700-1000 nm) as seen by dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) analysis. The absence of BSA during synthesis produced silica nanoparticles without any porosity that was detectable by nitrogen adsorption, whereas particles containing BSA developed porosity in the range of 4 to 5 nm which collapsed on the removal of BSA, thus producing smaller pores. These results were in accordance with the pore size calculated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HTEM). The reproducibility of the BSA-templated nanoparticle properties was determined by analyzing four batches of independent synthesizing experiments that maintained their properties. The high positive superficial charge of the nanoparticles facilitated adsorption under mild conditions of a range of proteins from an E. coli extract and a commercial preparation of laccase from Trametes versicolor. All of the proteins were quantitatively desorbed. Experiments conducted showed the reusability of the particles as supports for the ionic adsorption of the biomolecules. The protein loading capacity of the BSA-based biomimetic particles was determined using laccase as 98.7 ± 6.6 mg·g(-1) of particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erienne Jackson
- †Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería-Universidad ORT Uruguay, 11100 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariana Ferrari
- †Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería-Universidad ORT Uruguay, 11100 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Cuestas-Ayllon
- ‡Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Javier Perez-Carvajal
- §Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M de la Fuente
- ∥Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- ⊥Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of the Ministry of Education, Research Institute of Translation Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, 200240 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Valeria Grazú
- ‡Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lorena Betancor
- †Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería-Universidad ORT Uruguay, 11100 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Ehrlich H, Witkowski A. Biomineralization in Diatoms: The Organic Templates. BIOLOGICALLY-INSPIRED SYSTEMS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9398-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Lechner CC, Becker CFW. Immobilising proteins on silica with site-specifically attached modified silaffin peptides. Biomater Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00310a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific modification of proteins with synthetic silaffin peptides allows efficient encapsulation in biomimetic silica particles. Variations in silaffin modifications provide control over particle shape, protein load and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin C. Lechner
- University of Vienna
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Biological Chemistry
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Christian F. W. Becker
- University of Vienna
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Biological Chemistry
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
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Begum G, Goodwin WB, deGlee BM, Sandhage KH, Kröger N. Compartmentalisation of enzymes for cascade reactions through biomimetic layer-by-layer mineralization. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:5232-5240. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00333d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A biomineralisation-based method for compartmentalisation of multi-enzyme cascades has been developed, and design parameters governing a cascade's catalytic performance were elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gousia Begum
- B CUBE Center for Molecular Bioengineering
- Dresden Institute of Technology (TU Dresden)
- Dresden
- Germany
| | - W. Brandon Goodwin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Ben M. deGlee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Kenneth H. Sandhage
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Nils Kröger
- B CUBE Center for Molecular Bioengineering
- Dresden Institute of Technology (TU Dresden)
- Dresden
- Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry
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Biogenic nanomaterials from photosynthetic microorganisms. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 33:23-31. [PMID: 25445544 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of algal cell cultures represents a sustainable and environmentally friendly platform for the biogenic production of nanobiomaterials and biocatalysts. For example, advances in the production of biogeneic nanomaterials from algal cell cultures, such as crystalline β-chitin nanofibrils and gold and silver nanoparticles, could enable the 'green' production of biomaterials such as tissue-engineering scaffolds or drug carriers, supercapacitors and optoelectric materials. The in vivo functionalization, as well as newly demonstrated methods of production and modification, of biogenic diatom biosilica have led to the development of organic-inorganic hybrid catalytic systems as well as new biomaterials for drug delivery, biosensors and heavy-metal adsorbents.
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Kröger N, Brunner E. Complex-shaped microbial biominerals for nanotechnology. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 6:615-27. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Kröger
- B CUBE Center for Molecular Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
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Mariani AM, Natoli ME, Kofinas P. Enzymatic activity preservation and protection through entrapment within degradable hydrogels. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 110:2994-3002. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.24971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Mariani
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland 20742
| | - Mary E. Natoli
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland 20742
| | - Peter Kofinas
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland 20742
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He Z, Zhang W, Wang W, Tassin M, Gu J, Liu Q, Zhu S, Su H, Feng C, Zhang D. Fabrication of Fe-wings used for micro imprinting with a natural butterfly wing structure by in situ carbothermic reduction. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:1673-1677. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb00541k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Marshall KE, Robinson EW, Hengel SM, Paša-Tolić L, Roesijadi G. FRET imaging of diatoms expressing a biosilica-localized ribose sensor. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33771. [PMID: 22470473 PMCID: PMC3309933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Future materials are envisioned to include bio-assembled, hybrid, three-dimensional nanosystems that incorporate functional proteins. Diatoms are amenable to genetic modification for localization of recombinant proteins in the biosilica cell wall. However, the full range of protein functionalities that can be accommodated by the modified porous biosilica has yet to be described. Our objective was to functionalize diatom biosilica with a reagent-less sensor dependent on ligand-binding and conformational change to drive FRET-based signaling capabilities. A fusion protein designed to confer such properties included a bacterial periplasmic ribose binding protein (R) flanked by CyPet (C) and YPet (Y), cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins that act as a FRET pair. The structure and function of the CRY recombinant chimeric protein was confirmed by expression in E. coli prior to transformation of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Mass spectrometry of the recombinant CRY showed 97% identity with the deduced amino acid sequence. CRY with and without an N-terminal Sil3 tag for biosilica localization exhibited characteristic ribose-dependent changes in FRET, with similar dissociation constants of 123.3 µM and 142.8 µM, respectively. The addition of the Sil3 tag did not alter the affinity of CRY for the ribose substrate. Subsequent transformation of T. pseudonana with a vector encoding Sil3-CRY resulted in fluorescence localization in the biosilica and changes in FRET in both living cells and isolated frustules in response to ribose. This work demonstrated that the nano-architecture of the genetically modified biosilica cell wall was able to support the functionality of the relatively complex Sil3-CyPet-RBP-YPet fusion protein with its requirement for ligand-binding and conformational change for FRET-signal generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Marshall
- Marine Biotechnology, Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington, United States of America
| | - Errol W. Robinson
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America
| | - Shawna M. Hengel
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ljiljana Paša-Tolić
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America
| | - Guritno Roesijadi
- Marine Biotechnology, Marine Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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