1
|
Mills EG, Smith AB, Griffith MP, Hewlett K, Pless L, Sundermann AJ, Harrison LH, Zackular JP, Van Tyne D. Bacteriocin production facilitates nosocomial emergence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.08.01.24311290. [PMID: 39132485 PMCID: PMC11312660 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.01.24311290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is a prevalent healthcare-acquired pathogen. Gastrointestinal colonization can lead to difficult-to-treat bloodstream infections with high mortality rates. Prior studies have investigated VREfm population structure within healthcare centers. However, little is known about how and why hospital-adapted VREfm populations change over time. We sequenced 710 healthcare-associated VREfm clinical isolates from 2017-2022 from a large tertiary care center as part of the Enhanced Detection System for Healthcare-Associated Transmission (EDS-HAT) program. Although the VREfm population in our center was polyclonal, 46% of isolates formed genetically related clusters, suggesting a high transmission rate. We compared our collection to 15,631 publicly available VREfm genomes spanning 20 years. Our findings describe a drastic shift in lineage replacement within nosocomial VREfm populations at both the local and global level. Functional and genomic analysis revealed, antimicrobial peptide, bacteriocin T8 may be a driving feature of strain emergence and persistence in the hospital setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma G. Mills
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander B. Smith
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marissa P. Griffith
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Microbial Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katharine Hewlett
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lora Pless
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Microbial Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander J. Sundermann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lee H. Harrison
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Microbial Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph P. Zackular
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Microbial Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daria Van Tyne
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Molecular Characterization, Purification, and Mode of Action of Enterocin KAE01 from Lactic Acid Bacteria and Its In Silico Analysis against MDR/ESBL Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122333. [PMID: 36553599 PMCID: PMC9777700 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins are gaining immense importance in therapeutics since they show significant antibacterial potential. This study reports the bacteriocin KAE01 from Enterococcus faecium, along with its characterization, molecular modeling, and antibacterial potency, by targeting the matrix protein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The bacteriocin was purified by using ammonium sulfate precipitation and fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), and its molecular weight was estimated as 55 kDa by means of SDS-PAGE. The bacteriocin was found to show stability in a wide range of pH values (2.0-10.0) and temperatures (100 °C for 1 h and 121 °C for 15 min). Antimicrobial screening of the purified peptide against different strains of P. aeruginosa showed its significant antibacterial potential. Scanning electron microscopy of bacteriocin-induced bacterial cultures revealed significant changes in the cellular morphology of the pathogens. In silico molecular modeling of KAE01, followed by molecular docking of the matrix protein (qSA) of P. aeruginosa and KAE01, supported the antibacterial potency and SEM findings of this study.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zaghloul HAH, El Halfawy NM. Genomic insights into antibiotic-resistance and virulence genes of Enterococcus faecium strains from the gut of Apis mellifera. Microb Genom 2022; 8:mgen000896. [PMID: 36374179 PMCID: PMC9836096 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecium is a lactic acid bacterium that confers beneficial health effects in humans. However, lately, a number of E. faecium strains have been linked to the spread of nosocomial infections in the hospital environment. Therefore, any potential commercial usage of E. faecium isolates should be preceded by an assessment of infection risk. In the current study, the genomes of two novel E. faecium strains Am1 (larval isolate) and Bee9 (adult bee isolate) isolated from the gut of Apis mellifera L. (honeybee) were sequenced to allow evaluation of their safety. In particular, their genomes were screened for antibiotic-resistance and virulence genes. In addition, their potential to spread resistance in the environment was evaluated. The analysis revealed that Am1 and Bee9 possess 2832 and 2844 protein-encoding genes, respectively. In each case, the genome size was 2.7 Mb with a G+C content of 37.9 mol%. Comparative analysis with probiotic, non-pathogenic and pathogenic enterococci revealed that there are variations between the two bee E. faecium isolates and pathogenic genomes. They were, however, closely linked to the probiotic comparison strains. Phenotypically, the Am1 and Bee9 strains were susceptible to most antibiotics tested, but showed intermediate sensitivity towards erythromycin, linezolid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Notably, no genes associated with antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates (e.g. vancomycin resistance: vanA, vanB, vanS, vanX and vanY) were present. In addition, the insertion sequences (IS16, ISEfa11 and ISEfa5), acting as molecular pathogenicity markers in clinically relevant E. faecium strains, were also absent. Moreover, the analysis revealed the absence of three key pathogenicity-associated genes (acm, sgrA, ecbA) in the Am1 and Bee9 strains that are found in the prominent clinical isolates DO, V1836, Aus0004 and Aus0085. Overall, the findings of this investigation suggest that the E. faecium isolates from the bee gut have not suffered any recent clinically relevant antibiotic exposure. It also suggests that E. faecium Am1 and Bee9 are safe potential probiotic strains, because they lack the phenotypic and genetic features associated with strains eliciting nosocomial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heba A. H. Zaghloul
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Nancy M. El Halfawy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt,*Correspondence: Nancy M. El Halfawy,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu Y, Pang X, Wu Y, Liu X, Zhang X. Enterocins: Classification, Synthesis, Antibacterial Mechanisms and Food Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072258. [PMID: 35408657 PMCID: PMC9000605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Enterococci, a type of lactic acid bacteria, are widely distributed in various environments and are part of the normal flora in the intestinal tract of humans and animals. Although enterococci have gradually evolved pathogenic strains causing nosocomial infections in recent years, the non-pathogenic strains have still been widely used as probiotics and feed additives. Enterococcus can produce enterocin, which are bacteriocins considered as ribosomal peptides that kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. This paper reviews the classification, synthesis, antibacterial mechanisms and applications of enterocins, and discusses the prospects for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Wu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.W.); (X.P.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinxin Pang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.W.); (X.P.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yansha Wu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.W.); (X.P.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiayu Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.W.); (X.P.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinglin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.W.); (X.P.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-86984316
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Han B, Han X, Ren M, You Y, Zhan J, Huang W. Antimicrobial Effects of Novel H2O2-Ag+ Complex on Membrane Damage to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella Typhimurium. J Food Prot 2022; 85:104-111. [PMID: 34265056 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Diseases caused by harmful microorganisms pose a serious threat to human health. Safe and environmentally friendly disinfectants are, therefore, essential in preventing and controlling such pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity and mechanism of a novel hydrogen peroxide and silver (H2O2-Ag+) complex (HSC) in combatting Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli O157:H7 NCTC 12900, and Salmonella Typhimurium SL 1344. The MICs and MBCs against S. aureus were found to be 0.014% H2O2-3.125 mg/L Ag+, and for both E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium they were 0.028% H2O2-6.25 mg/L Ag+. Results of the time-kill trial suggest that HSC could inhibit the growth of the tested bacteria, because 99.9% of viable cells were killed following treatment at 1 MIC for 3 h. The mechanism of antibacterial action of HSC was found to include the disruption of the bacterial cell membrane, followed by reduction of intracellular ATP concentration and inhibition of the activity of antioxidases, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. The enhanced bactericidal effect of hydrogen peroxide combined with silver indicates a potential for its application in environmental disinfection, particularly in the food industry. HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Ren
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin You
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Comparison of the inhibitory potential of benzyl isothiocyanate and phenethyl isothiocyanate on Shiga toxin-producing and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
|
8
|
Liu J, Xu Z, Guo Z, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Wang X. Structural investigation of a polysaccharide from the mycelium of Enterobacter cloacae and its antibacterial activity against extensively drug-resistant E. cloacae producing SHV-12 extended-spectrum β-lactamase. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 195:444-452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
Carvalho KG, Bambirra FHS, Nicoli JR, Oliveira JS, Santos AMC, Bemquerer MP, Miranda A, Franco BDGM. Characterization of multiple antilisterial peptides produced by sakacin P-producing Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a. Arch Microbiol 2018; 200:635-644. [PMID: 29349489 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-018-1477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial compounds produced by lactic acid bacteria can be explored as natural food biopreservatives. In a previous report, the main antimicrobial compounds produced by the Brazilian meat isolate Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a, i.e., bacteriocin sakacin P and two ribosomal peptides (P2 and P3) active against Listeria monocytogenes, were described. In this study, we report the spectrum of activity, molecular mass, structural identity and mechanism of action of additional six antilisterial peptides produced by Lb. sakei 2a, detected in a 24 h-culture in MRS broth submitted to acid treatment (pH 1.5) and proper fractionation and purification steps for obtention of free and cell-bound proteins. The six peptides presented similarity to different ribosomal proteins of Lb. sakei subsp sakei 23K and the molecular masses varied from 4.6 to 11.0 kDa. All peptides were capable to increase the efflux of ATP and decrease the membrane potential in Listeria monocytogenes. The activity of a pool of the obtained antilisterial compounds [enriched active fraction (EAF)] against Listeria monocytogenes in a food model (meat gravy) during refrigerated storage (4 °C) for 10 days was also tested and results indicated that the populations of L. monocytogenes in the food model containing the acid extract remained lower than those at time 0-day, evidencing that the acid extract of a culture of Lb. sakei 2a is a good technological alternative for the control of growth of L. monocytogenes in foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kátia G Carvalho
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Felipe H S Bambirra
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacques R Nicoli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jamil S Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M C Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Marcelo P Bemquerer
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Antonio Miranda
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bernadette D G M Franco
- Food Research Center, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Engevik MA, Versalovic J. Biochemical Features of Beneficial Microbes: Foundations for Therapeutic Microbiology. Microbiol Spectr 2017; 5:10.1128/microbiolspec.BAD-0012-2016. [PMID: 28984235 PMCID: PMC5873327 DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.bad-0012-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Commensal and beneficial microbes secrete myriad products which target the mammalian host and other microbes. These secreted substances aid in bacterial niche development, and select compounds beneficially modulate the host and promote health. Microbes produce unique compounds which can serve as signaling factors to the host, such as biogenic amine neuromodulators, or quorum-sensing molecules to facilitate inter-bacterial communication. Bacterial metabolites can also participate in functional enhancement of host metabolic capabilities, immunoregulation, and improvement of intestinal barrier function. Secreted products such as lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins, and bacteriocin-like substances can also target the microbiome. Microbes differ greatly in their metabolic potential and subsequent host effects. As a result, knowledge about microbial metabolites will facilitate selection of next-generation probiotics and therapeutic compounds derived from the mammalian microbiome. In this article we describe prominent examples of microbial metabolites and their effects on microbial communities and the mammalian host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A Engevik
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 and Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030
| | - James Versalovic
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 and Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shukla S, Ahirwal L, Bajpai VK, Huh YS, Han YK. Growth Inhibitory Effects of Adhatoda vasica and Its Potential at Reducing Listeria monocytogenes in Chicken Meat. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1260. [PMID: 28769879 PMCID: PMC5511825 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of Adhatoda vasica ethanolic leaf extract (AVELE) against Listeria monocytogenes were examined to assess its potential to preserve minimally processed meat products safely. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and alkaloid levels in AVELE were 10.09 ± 4.52 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, 22.43 ± 1.62 mg of quercetin equivalents/g, and 19.43 ± 3.90 mg/g, respectively. AVELE (1, 5, 10, or 20%) had considerable antibacterial effects against L. monocytogenes NCIM 24563 in terms of the inhibitory zones (7.4-13.6 mm), MIC (100 mg/mL or 10% formulated solution), reduced cell viability, potassium ion efflux, and the release of 260-nm absorbing materials and extracellular ATP. AVELE was used as a rinse solution (5, 10, and 20%) for raw chicken breast meat. A 20% rinsing solution applied for 60 min inhibited the L. monocytogenes NCIM 24563 counts significantly on raw chicken breast meat. Moreover, L. monocytogenes NCIM 24563 did not grow in the meat sample when the rinse time was increased to 90 min at the same concentration. L. monocytogenes showed a greater reduction to ~3 CFU/g after rinsing with a 10 and 20% AVELE solution for 30 min than with a 5% AVELE solution. The rinsing processes with AVELE produced the final cooked chicken products with higher sensory attribute scores, such as taste, juiciness, and tenderness, compared to the control group along with a decrease in microbial contamination. Chicken meat rinsed with AVELE (rinsing time of 90 min) showed better sensory attribute scores of juiciness and tenderness, as well as the overall sensory quality compared to the untreated group. This research highlights the effectiveness of AVELE against L. monocytogenes NCIM 24563, suggesting that AVELE can be used as an effective antimicrobial marinade and/or a rinse for meat preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University SeoulSeoul, South Korea
| | - Laxmi Ahirwal
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Department of Botany, Dr. Hari Singh Gour UniversitySagar, India
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan-si, South Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha UniversityIncheon, South Korea
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University SeoulSeoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shi C, Zhang X, Sun Y, Yang M, Song K, Zheng Z, Chen Y, Liu X, Jia Z, Dong R, Cui L, Xia X. Antimicrobial Activity of Ferulic Acid Against Cronobacter sakazakii and Possible Mechanism of Action. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2016; 13:196-204. [PMID: 26919471 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2015.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen transmitted by food that affects mainly newborns, infants, and immune-compromised adults. In this study, the antibacterial activity of ferulic acid was tested against C. sakazakii strains. Minimum inhibitory concentration of ferulic acid against C. sakazakii strains was determined using the agar dilution method. Changes in intracellular pH, membrane potential and intracellular ATP concentration were measured to elucidate the possible antibacterial mechanism. Moreover, SYTO 9 nucleic acid staining was used to assess the effect of ferulic acid on bacterial membrane integrity. Cell morphology changes were observed under a field emission scanning electron microscope. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ferulic acid against C. sakazakii strains ranged from 2.5 to 5.0 mg/mL. Addition of ferulic acid exerted an immediate and sustained inhibition of C. sakazakii proliferation. Ferulic acid affected the membrane integrity of C. sakazakii, as evidenced by intracellular ATP concentration decrease. Moreover, reduction of intracellular pH and cell membrane hyperpolarization were detected in C. sakazakii after exposure to ferulic acid. Reduction of green fluorescence indicated the injury of cell membrane. Electronic microscopy confirmed that cell membrane of C. sakazakii was damaged by ferulic acid. Our results demonstrate that ferulic acid has moderate antimicrobial activity against C. sakazakii. It exerts its antimicrobial action partly through causing cell membrane dysfunction and changes in cellular morphology. Considering its antimicrobial properties, together with its well-known nutritional functions, ferulic acid has potential to be developed as a supplement in infant formula or other foods to control C. sakazakii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miaochun Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaikuo Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenyu Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lactocin 160, a Bacteriocin Produced by Vaginal Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Targets Cytoplasmic Membranes of the Vaginal Pathogen, Gardnerella vaginalis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 1:67-74. [PMID: 20445810 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-008-9003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a commonly occurring vaginal infection that is associated with a variety of serious risks related to the reproductive health of women. Conventional antibiotic treatment for this condition is frequently ineffective because the antibiotics tend to inhibit healthy vaginal microflora along with the pathogens. Lactocin 160, a bacteriocin produced by healthy vaginal lactobacilli, is a promising alternative to antibiotics; this compound specifically inhibits the BV-associated vaginal pathogens such as Gardnerella vaginalis and Prevotella bivia without affecting the healthy microflora. This study investigates the molecular mechanism of action for lactocin 160 and reveals that this compound targets the cytoplasmic membrane of G. vaginalis, causing the efflux of ATP molecules and dissipation of the proton motive force.
Collapse
|
14
|
Murdock C, Chikindas ML, Matthews KR. The Pepsin Hydrolysate of Bovine Lactoferrin Causes a Collapse of the Membrane Potential in Escherichia coli O157:H7. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 2:112-9. [PMID: 26781120 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-010-9039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the ability of bovine lactoferrin hydrolysate (LfH) to disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was investigated. Lactoferrin and LfH antimicrobial activities were compared against E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli O157:H7 spheroplasts. The effect of LfH on the cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli O157:H7 cells was determined by evaluating potassium efflux (K(+)), dissipation of ATP and membrane potential (ΔΨ). LfH produced a rapid efflux of potassium ions, a decrease in intracellular levels of ATP coupled with a substantial increase in extracellular ATP levels and a complete dissipation of the ΔΨ. The results suggest that LfH causes a collapse of the membrane integrity by pore formation in the inner membrane, leading to the death of the cell. Moreover, the mechanism of action of LfH on E. coli O157:H7 appears to involve an interference with the inner membrane integrity based on experiments using E. coli O157:H7 spheroplasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Murdock
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901-8520, USA
| | - Michael L Chikindas
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901-8520, USA
| | - Karl R Matthews
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901-8520, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu F, Liu M, Du L, Wang D, Geng Z, Zhang M, Sun C, Xu X, Zhu Y, Xu W. Synergistic Antibacterial Effect of the Combination of ε-Polylysine and Nisin against Enterococcus faecalis. J Food Prot 2015; 78:2200-6. [PMID: 26613915 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antibacterial effect of the combination of ε-polylysine (ε-PL) and nisin against Enterococcus faecalis strains. The combination of ε-PL and nisin showed synergistic antibacterial activity against three Enterococcus strains. Scanning electron microscopy and a membrane permeability assay revealed that the combined treatment with ε-PL and nisin synergistically damaged the cell morphology of E. faecalis strain R612Z1 cells. Both ε-PL and nisin can dissipate the transmembrane electric potential of E. faecalis R612Z1 cells, but these peptides did not affect the transmembrane pH gradient. The combination of ε-PL and nisin can produce a high reactive oxygen species level in E. faecalis R612Z1 cells. The results indicated that the uptake of ε-PL into cells was promoted through nisin and that the combination of ε-PL and nisin could produce a high reactive oxygen species level in E. faecalis R612Z1 cells, leading to cell growth inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China; College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihui Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoying Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Geng
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhan Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Xu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongzhi Zhu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chauhan AK, Kang SC. Thymol disrupts the membrane integrity of Salmonella ser. typhimurium in vitro and recovers infected macrophages from oxidative stress in an ex vivo model. Res Microbiol 2014; 165:559-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
17
|
|
18
|
Bajpai VK, Sharma A, Moon B, Baek KH. Chemical Composition Analysis and Antibacterial Mode of Action of T
axus Cuspidata
Leaf Essential Oil against Foodborne Pathogens. J Food Saf 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K. Bajpai
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| | - Ajay Sharma
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| | - Bokyung Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Chung-Ang University; Anseong Gyeonggi-do 456-756 Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kanmani P, Satish Kumar R, Yuvaraj N, Paari KA, Pattukumar V, Arul V. Probiotics and its functionally valuable products-a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 53:641-58. [PMID: 23627505 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.553752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During the past two decades probiotic bacteria have been increasingly proposed as health promoting bacteria in variety of food system, because of its safety, functional, and technological characteristics. Commonly, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Saccharomyces boulardii, and some other microorganisms have been considered as probiotic strains. Possibly these bacterial strains exerted several beneficial effects into gastrointestinal tract of host while administered with variety of food system. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) usually produce antimicrobial substances like bacteriocin which have broad spectrum of antagonist effect against closely related Gram positive and Gram negative pathogens. LAB strains often produce polymeric substances such as exopolysaccharides (EPS) which increase the colonization of probiotic bacteria by cell-cell interactions in gastrointestinal tract. LAB also produces biosurfactant which showed that the wide range of antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogen as well as its antiadhesive properties reduces the adhesion of pathogens into gastric wall membrane. Furthermore, LAB strains have also been reported for production of antioxidants which are ability to scavenge the free radicals such as superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals. For this sense, this review article is mainly focused on the ecology, biosynthesis, genetics, target sites, and applications of bacteriocins and EPS from LAB strains. Moreover, this review discusses about the production and functions of nutritive essential element folate and iron chelating agent such as siderophores from LAB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulraj Kanmani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bajpai VK, Sharma A, Baek KH. Antibacterial mode of action of Cudrania tricuspidata fruit essential oil, affecting membrane permeability and surface characteristics of food-borne pathogens. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
21
|
Imran M, Revol-Junelles AM, de Bruin M, Paris C, Breukink E, Desobry S. Fluorescent labeling of nisin Z and assessment of anti-listerial action. J Microbiol Methods 2013; 95:107-13. [PMID: 23892059 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biomolecule labeling by fluorescent markers has emerged as an innovative methodology for bio-analytical purposes in food microbiology, medicine and pharmaceutics due to the great advantages of this method such as precision, wide detection limits, and in vivo recognition. Fluorescent nisin Z was synthesized by linking the carboxyl group and amino group of nisin Z and 5-aminoacetamido fluorescein (AAA-flu). This new structure was fully characterized by mass spectrometry with a molecular weight of 3717.3 Da. Intracellular K(+) leakage and transmembrane electrical potential (Δψ) were used to evaluate the antibacterial action of the labeled molecule against three listerial strains and demonstrated that nisin Z endured the labeling process without any activity loss. In vivo activity of labeled nisin was observed by confocal laser microscope which revealed its localization at the septum of listerial cell division site where the membrane-bound cell wall precursor lipid II is maximal. Fluorescent nisin Z showed its great potential as a tool to study antibacterial mechanism of action of nisin in biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40 602, F-54518 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS Institute of information Technology, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bajpai VK, Sharma A, Baek KH. Antibacterial Mechanism of Action of Taxus cuspidata
Stem Essential Oil against Selected Foodborne Pathogens. J Food Saf 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K. Bajpai
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Ajay Sharma
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bajpai VK, Sharma A, Baek KH. Antibacterial mode of action of seed essential oil of Eleutherococcus senticosusagainst foodborne pathogens. Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K. Bajpai
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan; Gyeongbuk; 712-749; Korea
| | - Ajay Sharma
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan; Gyeongbuk; 712-749; Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan; Gyeongbuk; 712-749; Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sharma A, Bajpai VK, Baek KH. Determination of Antibacterial Mode of Action of Allium sativum
Essential Oil against Foodborne Pathogens Using Membrane Permeability and Surface Characteristic Parameters. J Food Saf 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Sharma
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| | - Vivek K. Bajpai
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- School of Biotechnology; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712-749 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Riazi S, Dover SE, Chikindas ML. Mode of action and safety of lactosporin, a novel antimicrobial protein produced by Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:714-22. [PMID: 22737982 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the mechanism of action of antimicrobial protein, lactosporin, against Gardnerella vaginalis and to evaluate its safety in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050 was grown at 37°C for 18 h. The cell-free supernatant was concentrated 10-fold and screened for antimicrobial activity against indicator strain Micrococcus luteus. The mode of action of lactosporin was determined by measuring the potassium release and monitoring the changes in transmembrane potential (Δψ) and transmembrane pH (ΔpH) of the sensitive cells. Lactosporin caused the efflux of potassium ions from M. luteus cells and dissipation of ΔpH in G. vaginalis, while it had no effect on the Δψ. The safety of lactosporin was evaluated by using EpiVaginal(™) ectocervical (VEC-100) tissue model. Over 80% of the cells in the vaginal tissue remained viable after exposure to lactosporin for 24 h. CONCLUSIONS Lactosporin potentially exerts its antimicrobial activity by selective dissipation of ΔpH and/or by causing leakage of ions from the sensitive cells. Safety studies suggest that lactosporin is a noncytotoxic antimicrobial for vaginal application. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study revealed that lactosporin is an effective and safe antimicrobial preparation with potential application for the control of bacterial vaginosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Riazi
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jacquet T, Cailliez-Grimal C, Francius G, Borges F, Imran M, Duval JFL, Revol-Junelles AM. Antibacterial activity of class IIa bacteriocin Cbn BM1 depends on the physiological state of the target bacteria. Res Microbiol 2012; 163:323-31. [PMID: 22588175 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Carnobacteriocin BM1 (Cbn BM1) is a class IIa bacteriocin produced by Carnobacterium maltaromaticum CP5 isolated from a French mold ripened cheese. Numerous studies highlight variations in numerous parameters, such as bacterial membrane composition and potential, according to physiological changes. In this work, the mechanism of action of an oxidized form of Cbn BM1 was studied on C. maltaromaticum DSM20730 in log and stationary growth phases. Membrane integrity assessment and high resolution imaging by atomic force microscopy confirmed the link between physiological state and bacterial sensitivity to Cbn BM1. Indeed, these approaches enable visualizing morphological damage of C. maltaromaticum DSM20730 only in an active dividing state. To specifically address the interaction between peptide and bacterial membrane, fluorescence anisotropy measurements were conducted. Results revealed strong modifications in membrane fluidity by Cbn BM1 only for C. maltaromaticum DSM20730 in log growth phase. In a similar way, the Δψ component, but not the ΔpH component of the proton-motive force, was perturbed only for bacteria in log growth phase. These results clearly show that a class IIa bacteriocin antimicrobial mechanism of action can be modulated by the physiological state of its target bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Jacquet
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules, Université de Lorraine, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 172, F-54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cotsonas King A, Wu L. Macromolecular synthesis and membrane perturbation assays for mechanisms of action studies of antimicrobial agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; Chapter 13:Unit 13A.7. [PMID: 22294390 DOI: 10.1002/0471141755.ph13a07s47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The definition and confirmation of the mechanism of action of an NCE is central to antimicrobial drug discovery. Most antibiotics currently in clinical use selectively target and block one or more bacterial macromolecular synthesis processes, e.g., DNA replication, RNA synthesis (transcription), protein synthesis (translation), cell wall (peptidoglycan) synthesis, and fatty acid (lipid) biosynthesis. This unit includes two protocols for determining the effect of test compounds on macromolecular synthesis, one in test tube format and the other in 96-well plate format. A membrane potential depolarization protocol is also provided. Disruption of cell membrane integrity may be a legitimate mechanism of action for antibacterials, but it also may be the result of nonspecific cell membrane activity, an effect that must be ruled out for mammalian cells. These assays provide useful means for verifying inhibition of an intended target pathway with investigational antimicrobial compounds. They can also be used as valuable secondary assays for lead optimization to eliminate inhibitors that display nonselective toxicity.
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Paul S, Dubey R, Maheswari D, Kang SC. Trachyspermum ammi (L.) fruit essential oil influencing on membrane permeability and surface characteristics in inhibiting food-borne pathogens. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
30
|
Effect of recombinant divercin RV41, structural variants and the activators of potassium channels on Listeria monocytogenes EGDe. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2011; 56:110-5. [PMID: 21468759 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-011-0024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The effect of recombinant divercin RV41 (DvnRV41) and its structural variants on the K-channel formation was determined. The growth of Listeria monocytogenes EGDe (sensitive phenotype) and its isogenic strain (resistant phenotype) was assessed in the presence of DvnRV41 combined or not with pinacidil, NS1619, cromakalim (as K-channel activators), iberiotoxin and glipizide (as K-channel blockers). The combined action of DvnRV41 and K activators permitted formation of ATP-dependent pores. The combination of DvnRV41 and ATP-dependent pore activator cromakalim inhibited the growth of sensitive strain. The antilisterial activity of structural variants was less important than that of DvnRV41 but their mode of action remained overall similar.
Collapse
|
31
|
Noll KS, Sinko PJ, Chikindas ML. Elucidation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of the Natural Antimicrobial Peptide Subtilosin Against the Bacterial Vaginosis-associated Pathogen Gardnerella vaginalis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2010; 3:41-47. [PMID: 21949544 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-010-9061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Subtilosin A is a 35-amino acid long cyclical peptide produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens that has potent antimicrobial activity against a variety of human pathogens, including the bacterial vaginosis-related Gardnerella vaginalis. The specific mode of action of subtilosin against G. vaginalis was elucidated by studying its effects on the proton motive force's (PMF) components: transmembrane electric potential (ΔΨ), transmembrane pH gradient (ΔpH), and intracellular ATP levels. The addition of subtilosin to G. vaginalis cells caused an immediate and total depletion of the ΔpH, but had no effect on the ΔΨ. Subtilosin also triggered an instant but partial efflux of intracellular ATP that was twofold higher than that of the positive control bacteriocin, nisin. Taken together, these data suggest that subtilosin inhibits G. vaginalis growth by creating transient pores in the cells' cytoplasmic membrane, leading to an efflux of intracellular ions and ATP and eventually cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Sutyak Noll
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
MANDAL VIVEKANANDA, SEN SUKANTAK, MANDAL NARAYANC. ASSESSMENT OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF PEDIOCIN PRODUCED BY PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI LAB 5. J Food Saf 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4565.2010.00230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
33
|
Antimicrobial compounds produced by Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a, a bacteriocinogenic strain isolated from a Brazilian meat product. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 37:381-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0684-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
34
|
Turgis M, Han J, Caillet S, Lacroix M. Antimicrobial activity of mustard essential oil against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhi. Food Control 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2009.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
35
|
Jasniewski J, Cailliez-Grimal C, Younsi M, Millière JB, Revol-Junelles AM. Functional differences inLeuconostocsensitive and resistant strains to mesenterocin 52A, a class IIa bacteriocin. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2008; 289:193-201. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01381.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
36
|
Jasniewski J, Cailliez-Grimal C, Younsi M, Millière JB, Revol-Junelles AM. Fluorescence anisotropy analysis of the mechanism of action of mesenterocin 52A: speculations on antimicrobial mechanism. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 81:339-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 08/21/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
37
|
Knoetze H, Todorov SD, Dicks LMT. A class IIa peptide from Enterococcus mundtii inhibits bacteria associated with otitis media. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007; 31:228-34. [PMID: 18155886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Revised: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peptide ST4SA, produced by Enterococcus mundtii ST4SA, inhibits the growth of Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Gram-positive bacteria isolated from patients diagnosed with middle ear infections. The peptide adsorbed at a level of 94% to S. pneumoniae 40, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 25 and E. faecium HKLHS. Low concentrations of peptide ST4SA (51200 arbitrary units (AU)/mL) caused DNA and enzyme leakage from target cells, whilst 1638400AU/mL caused cell lysis. No decrease in antimicrobial activity was observed when tested on solid medium with human blood as base. Peptide ST4SA revealed a similar level of activity compared with tetracycline (30 microg), but much higher activity compared with nasal sprays, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, lincosamides, macrolides, nitroimidazole, penicillin, quinolones, sulphonamides, chloramphenicol, furazolidone, fusidic acid, rifampicin, trimethoprim, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin when tested in vitro. Peptide ST4SA dissipates the proton-motive force and may be used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant strains where antibiotics are excluded from cells by efflux pumps dependent on the membrane proton gradient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Knoetze
- Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Drider D, Fimland G, Héchard Y, McMullen LM, Prévost H. The continuing story of class IIa bacteriocins. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2006; 70:564-82. [PMID: 16760314 PMCID: PMC1489543 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00016-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many bacteria produce antimicrobial peptides, which are also referred to as peptide bacteriocins. The class IIa bacteriocins, often designated pediocin-like bacteriocins, constitute the most dominant group of antimicrobial peptides produced by lactic acid bacteria. The bacteriocins that belong to this class are structurally related and kill target cells by membrane permeabilization. Despite their structural similarity, class IIa bacteriocins display different target cell specificities. In the search for new antibiotic substances, the class IIa bacteriocins have been identified as promising new candidates and have thus received much attention. They kill some pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Listeria) with high efficiency, and they constitute a good model system for structure-function analyses of antimicrobial peptides in general. This review focuses on class IIa bacteriocins, especially on their structure, function, mode of action, biosynthesis, bacteriocin immunity, and current food applications. The genetics and biosynthesis of class IIa bacteriocins are well understood. The bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized with an N-terminal leader sequence, which is cleaved off upon secretion. After externalization, the class IIa bacteriocins attach to potential target cells and, through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, subsequently permeabilize the cell membrane of sensitive cells. Recent observations suggest that a chiral interaction and possibly the presence of a mannose permease protein on the target cell surface are required for a bacteria to be sensitive to class IIa bacteriocins. There is also substantial evidence that the C-terminal half penetrates into the target cell membrane, and it plays an important role in determining the target cell specificity of these bacteriocins. Immunity proteins protect the bacteriocin producer from the bacteriocin it secretes. The three-dimensional structures of two class IIa immunity proteins have been determined, and it has been shown that the C-terminal halves of these cytosolic four-helix bundle proteins specify which class IIa bacteriocin they protect against.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Djamel Drider
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Alimentaire et Industrielle, ENITIAA, Rue de la Géraudière, BP82225, 44322 Nantes Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Oussalah M, Caillet S, Lacroix M. Mechanism of action of Spanish oregano, Chinese cinnamon, and savory essential oils against cell membranes and walls of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. J Food Prot 2006; 69:1046-55. [PMID: 16715803 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-69.5.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the antimicrobial action of Spanish oregano (Corydothymus capitatus), Chinese cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia), and savory (Satureja montana) essential oils against cell membranes and walls of bacteria was studied by the measurement of the intracellular pH and ATP concentration, the release of cell constituents, and the electronic microscopy observations of the cells when these essential oils at their MICs were in contact with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes, two pathogenic foodborne bacteria, were used as gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial models, respectively. Treatment with these essential oils at their MICs affected the membrane integrity of bacteria and induced depletion of the intracellular ATP concentration. Spanish oregano and savory essential oils, however, induced more depletion than Chinese cinnamon oil. An increase of the extracellular ATP concentration was observed only when Spanish oregano and savory oils were in contact with E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes. Also, a significantly higher (P < or = 0.05) cell constituent release was observed in the supernatant when E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes cells were treated with Chinese cinnamon and Spanish oregano oils. Chinese cinnamon oil was more effective to reduce significantly the intracellular pH of E. coli O157:H7, whereas Chinese cinnamon and Spanish oregano decreased more significantly the intracellular pH of L. monocytogenes. Electronic microscopy observations revealed that the cell membrane of both treated bacteria was significantly damaged. These results suggest that the cytoplasmic membrane is involved in the toxic action of essential oils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mounia Oussalah
- Canadian Irradiation Center and Research Laboratory in Sciences Applied to Food, Institut Nacional de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gutiérrez J, Larsen R, Cintas LM, Kok J, Hernández PE. High-level heterologous production and functional expression of the sec-dependent enterocin P from Enterococcus faecium P13 in Lactococcus lactis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 72:41-51. [PMID: 16416297 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-0233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Revised: 10/20/2005] [Accepted: 10/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Enterocin P (EntP), a sec-dependent bacteriocin from Enterococcus faecium P13, was produced by Lactococcus lactis. The EntP structural gene (entP) with or without the EntP immunity gene (entiP) was cloned in (1), plasmid pMG36c under control of the lactococcal constitutive promoter P32, (2) in plasmid pNG8048e under control of the inducible PnisA promoter, and (3) in the integration vector pINT29. Introduction of the recombinant vectors in L. lactis resulted in production of biologically active EntP in the supernatants of L. lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 and L. lactis subsp. cremoris NZ9000, and the coproduction of nisin A and EntP in L. lactis subsp. lactis DPC5598. The level of production of EntP, detected and quantified by specific anti-EntP antibodies and a noncompetitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, by the recombinant L. lactis strains depended on the host strain, the expression vector, and the presence of the entiP gene in the constructs of the recombinant L. lactis strains. The highest amount of EntP was produced with derivatives containing entP and entiP, for both L. lactis IL1403 and L. lactis NZ9000. These derivatives produced up to five- to six-fold more EntP than E. faecium P13. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that EntP purified from L. lactis IL1403 (pJP214) has a molecular mass identical to that purified from E. faecium P13, suggesting that the synthesis, processing, and secretion of EntP progresses efficiently in recombinant L. lactis hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rasmus Larsen
- Department of Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9751, AA Haren, The Netherlands
| | - Luis M Cintas
- Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jan Kok
- Department of Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9751, AA Haren, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo E Hernández
- Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li J, Aroutcheva AA, Faro S, Chikindas ML. Mode of action of lactocin 160, a bacteriocin from vaginal Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2006; 13:135-40. [PMID: 16126497 PMCID: PMC1784572 DOI: 10.1080/10647440500148156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the mechanism of antimicrobial action of lactocin 160, a bacteriocin produced by the healthy vaginal strain of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, using an established model, with Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10420 as a test organism. METHODS: Sensitivity of M. luteus to lactocin 160 was determined by the diffusion assay. Loss of cellular ATP in the lactocin-treated cells was elucidated using a commercially available ATP determination kit (luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence assay). Luminescence intensity as a reflection of ATP quantity was determined using a luminometer. Dissipation of membrane potential (Deltapsi) was studied using fluorophore DiSC3(5) with the fluorescence spectrum sensitive to changes in Deltapsi. RESULTS: Lactocin 160 inhibited growth of M. luteus ATCC 10420 at a concentration of 5 microg/ml. There were no significant changes in the intracellular ATP level of M. luteus upon the addition of 20 microg/ml of lactocin 160. However, the extracellular ATP level increased significantly. This means that the treatment of cells with lactocin 160 resulted in an efflux of ATP from inside the cells. Therefore, a partially purified lactocin 160 preparation (16 microg /ml of the bacteriocin in the sample) killed sensitive cells and dissipated 3.12 +/- 0.36% of Deltapsi. CONCLUSION: Lactocin 160 has a mode of action typical for bacteriocins. It disturbs the cellular membrane (Deltapsi dissipation) and induces ATP efflux, most likely because of the pore formation, which is a common mechanism of action for many bacteriocins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fimland G, Johnsen L, Dalhus B, Nissen-Meyer J. Pediocin-like antimicrobial peptides (class IIa bacteriocins) and their immunity proteins: biosynthesis, structure, and mode of action. J Pept Sci 2006; 11:688-96. [PMID: 16059970 DOI: 10.1002/psc.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pediocin-like antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) form a group of lactic acid bacteria produced, cationic membrane-permeabilizing peptides with 37 to 48 residues. Upon exposure to membrane-mimicking entities, their hydrophilic, cationic, and highly conserved N-terminal region forms a three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet supported by a conserved disulfide bridge. This N-terminal beta-sheet region is followed by a central amphiphilic alpha-helix and this in most (if not all) of these peptides is followed by a rather extended C-terminal tail that folds back onto the central alpha-helix, thereby creating a hairpin-like structure in the C-terminal half. There is a flexible hinge between the beta-sheet N-terminal region and the hairpin C-terminal region and one thus obtains two domains that may move relative to each other. The cationic N-terminal beta-sheet domain mediates binding of the pediocin-like AMPs to the target-cell surface through electrostatic interactions, while the more hydrophobic and amphiphilic C-terminal hairpin domain penetrates into the hydrophobic part of the target-cell membrane, thereby mediating leakage through the membrane. The hinge provides the structural flexibility that enables the C-terminal hairpin domain to dip into the hydrophobic part of the membrane. Despite extensive sequence similarities, these AMPs differ markedly in their target-cell specificity, and results obtained with hybrid AMPs indicate that the membrane-penetrating hairpin-like C-terminal domain is the major specificity determinant. Bacteria that produce pediocin-like AMPs also produce a 11-kDa cognate immunity protein that protects the producer. The immunity proteins are well-structured, 4-helix bundle cytosolic proteins. They show a high degree of specificity in that they largely recognize and confer immunity only to their cognate AMP and in some cases to a few AMPs that are closely related to their cognate AMP. The C-terminal half of the immunity proteins contains a domain that is involved in specific recognition of the C-terminal membrane-penetrating specificity-determining hairpin domain of the cognate AMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Fimland
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Suzuki M, Yamamoto T, Kawai Y, Inoue N, Yamazaki K. Mode of action of piscicocin CS526 produced by Carnobacterium piscicola CS526. J Appl Microbiol 2005; 98:1146-51. [PMID: 15836484 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02546.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Piscicocin CS526 is a unique class IIa bacteriocin produced by Carnobacterium piscicola CS526. The mode of action against the sensitive strain Listeria monocytogenes IID581 was evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS Piscicocin CS526 was adsorbed on both sensitive and insensitive gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial cells. Treatment of L. monocytogenes cells with trypsin, lipase and Triton X-100 did not reduce subsequent adsorption of piscicocin CS526. The activity of piscicocin CS526 against L. monocytogenes cells was bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic, but did not cause bacteriolysis. Piscicocin CS526 induced the efflux of K+ ions from the target cells which cause dissipation of the transmembrane potential (DeltaPsi) of the cell membrane. Moreover, after exposure to piscicocin CS526, intracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) level of the target cells rapidly reduced without leakage of ATP from the cells, indicating that ATP depletion occurred in the cells. CONCLUSIONS Pore formation by piscicocin CS526 caused a rapid efflux of small molecules such as K+ from the indicator cells and dissipation of proton motive force (PMF), which lead to the cell death. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Molecular mechanism of action of piscicocin CS526 is very similar to that of other pediocin-like bacteriocins, although piscicocin CS526 possesses a unique N-terminal sequence in which Val is substituted for by Leu in the amino acid at position 7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Suzuki
- Laboratory of Marine Food Science, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gutiérrez J, Criado R, Citti R, Martín M, Herranz C, Nes IF, Cintas LM, Hernández PE. Cloning, production and functional expression of enterocin P, a sec-dependent bacteriocin produced by Enterococcus faecium P13, in Escherichia coli. Int J Food Microbiol 2005; 103:239-50. [PMID: 16099309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2003] [Revised: 06/23/2004] [Accepted: 11/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The cloning and expression of enterocin P (EntP), a sec-dependent bacteriocin produced by Enterococcus faecium P13, was studied in Escherichia coli. PCR-amplified products of the preenterocin P gene (entP) or entP plus the putative EntP immunity gene (entiP), were cloned in plasmid pETBlue-1 under the control of the inducible T7lac promoter. Although target genes in derivative plasmids pJG01 (entP) and pJG02 (entP plus entiP) did not generate products with antimicrobial activity after an in vitro combined transcription/translation reaction, they were expressed as biologically active products following transformation and induction in the E. coli Tuner(DE3)pLacI host. The use of specific antibodies and an ELISA permitted the detection and quantification of EntP in the supernatant (SN), cellular soluble protein fraction (CSF), and inclusion bodies (IB) of E. coli Tuner(DE3)pLacI cells transformed with either pJG01 or pJG02. Functional EntP from the supernatants of E. coli Tuner(DE3)pLacI (pJG01) cultures grown in a complex medium was recovered, at a high efficiency, by immunoaffinity chromatography in a single step. A purification method based on hydrophobic adsorption and reverse-phase chromatographies also permitted the recovery of active EntP from the supernatants of the same cultures grown in a minimally defined medium. The E. coli Tuner(DE3)pLacI (pJG01) cells would merit consideration as an alternative experimental model for the heterologous production and functional expression of EntP, as well as for the fast and efficient recovery of this bacteriocin from the supernatant of this recombinant producer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gutiérrez J, Criado R, Martín M, Herranz C, Cintas LM, Hernández PE. Production of enterocin P, an antilisterial pediocin-like bacteriocin from Enterococcus faecium P13, in Pichia pastoris. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49:3004-8. [PMID: 15980385 PMCID: PMC1168690 DOI: 10.1128/aac.49.7.3004-3008.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding mature enterocin P (EntP), an antimicrobial peptide from Enterococcus faecium P13, was cloned into the pPICZalphaA expression vector to generate plasmid pJC31. This plasmid was integrated into the genome of P. pastoris X-33, and EntP was heterologously secreted from the recombinant P. pastoris X-33t1 derivative at a higher production and antagonistic activity than from E. faecium P13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pham HT, Riu KZ, Jang KM, Cho SK, Cho M. Bactericidal activity of glycinecin A, a bacteriocin derived from Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines, on phytopathogenic Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria cells. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:4486-90. [PMID: 15294776 PMCID: PMC492317 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.8.4486-4490.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of glycinecin A, a bacteriocin derived from Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines 8ra, to kill closely related bacteria has been demonstrated previously by our group. In the present study, we aimed at determining the glycinecin A-induced cause of death. Treatment with glycinecin A caused slow dissipation of membrane potential and rapid depletion of the pH gradient. Glycinecin A treatment also induced leakage of potassium ions from X. campestris pv. vesicatoria YK93-4 cells and killed sensitive bacterial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Sensitive cells were killed within 2 h of incubation, most likely due to the potassium ion efflux caused by glycinecin A. These results suggest that the bactericidal mechanism of action of glycinecin A is correlated with the permeability of membranes to hydroxyl and potassium ions, leading to the lethal activity of the bacteriocin on the target bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huy Thang Pham
- Department of Biochemistry, Cheju National University Medical College, Ara 1, Jeju 690-756, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gutiérrez J, Criado R, Citti R, Martín M, Herranz C, Fernández MF, Cintas LM, Hernández PE. Performance and applications of polyclonal antipeptide antibodies specific for the enterococcal bacteriocin enterocin P. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2004; 52:2247-2255. [PMID: 15080629 DOI: 10.1021/jf030551j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polyclonal antibodies with specificity for enterocin P (EntP) have been generated by immunization of rabbits with two chemically synthesized N-terminal peptides (P1 and P2) and a C-terminal peptide (P3) of this bacteriocin conjugated to the carrier protein KLH. The sensitivity and specificity of the peptide-KLH-generated antibodies were evaluated by a noncompetitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NCI-ELISA) and a competitive indirect (CI)-ELISA. The NCI-ELISA but not the CI-ELISA was valuable for detecting the existence of EntP specific antibodies in the sera of the P2-KLH and P3-KLH immunized animals and to detect and quantify the EntP in the supernatant of producer strains. The anti-P2-KLH sera cross-reacted with the supernatant of a strain producer of sakacin A, a bacteriocin closely related to EntP. Immunoaffinity chromatography columns with anti-P2-KLH or anti-P3-KLH immunoglobulins retained the EntP from the supernatant of the producer strain. Western blotting of EntP with the anti-P2-KLH-generated antibodies suggests that purified EntP tends to the formation of aggregates with no antimicrobial activity. Monitoring the purification of EntP with antipeptide antibodies suggests that while the performance of the evaluated purification procedures would be reasonably acceptable in terms of recovery of the antimicrobial activity of the bacteriocin, their yield is far from attractive in terms of recovery of the initial concentration of enterocin P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The antibiotic activity of bacteriocins from Gram-positive bacteria, whether they are modified (class I bacteriocins, lantibiotics) or unmodified (class II), is based on interaction with the bacterial membrane. However, recent work has demonstrated that for many bacteriocins, generalised membrane disruption models as elaborated for amphiphilic peptides (e.g. tyriodal pore or carpet model) cannot adequately describe the bactericidal action. Rather, specific targets seem to be involved in pore formation and other activities. For the nisin and epidermin family of lantibiotics, the membrane-bound cell wall precursor lipid II has recently been identified as target. The duramycin family of lantibiotics binds specifically to phosphoethanolamine which results in inhibition of phospholipase A2 and various other cellular functions. Most of the class II bacteriocins dissipate the proton motive force (PMF) of the target cell, via pore formation. The subclass IIa bacteriocin activity likely depends on a mannose permease of the phosphotransferase system (PTS) as specific target. The subclass IIb bacteriocins (two-component) also induce dissipation of the PMF by forming cation- or anion-specific pores; specific targets have not yet been identified. Finally, the subclass IIc comprises miscellaneous peptides with various modes of action such as membrane permeabilization, specific inhibition of septum formation and pheromone activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Héchard
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Microbiology, University of Poitiers, 40, avenue du Recteur-Pineau, 86022 Poitiers, cedex, France.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
ROSA C, FRANCO B, MONTVILLE T, CHIKINDAS M. PURIFICATION AND MECHANISTIC ACTION OF A BACTERIOCIN PRODUCED BY A BRAZILIAN SAUSAGE ISOLATE, LACTOBACILLUS SAKE 2a. J Food Saf 2002. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4565.2002.tb00329.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|