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Arzola-Alvarez C, Anderson RC, Hume ME, Ledezma E, Ruiz-Barrera O, Castillo-Castillo Y, Arzola-Rubio A, Ontiveros-Magadan M, Min BR, Wottlin LR, Copado R, Salinas-Chavira J. Effect of Select Tannin Sources on Pathogen Control and Microbial Nitrogen Metabolism in Composted Poultry Litter Intended for Use as a Ruminant Crude Protein Feedstuff. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:930980. [PMID: 35799835 PMCID: PMC9253675 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.930980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry litter is a good crude protein supplement for ruminants but must be treated to kill pathogens before feeding. Composting effectively kills pathogens but risks loss of ammonia due to uric acid degradation. The objectives of this study were to test the ability of tannins to reduce pathogens and preserve uric acid during poultry litter composting. In two experiments, poultry litter was mixed with phosphate buffer and distributed to 50-ml tubes (three tubes/treatment per sample day) amended with 1 ml buffer alone or buffer containing pine bark, quebracho, chestnut, or mimosa tannins. Treatments achieved 0.63% (wt/wt) quebracho, chestnut, or mimosa tannins in experiment 1, or 4.5% pine bark or 9% quebracho, chestnut, or mimosa tannins in experiment 2. Tubes were inoculated with a novobiocin- and nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella typhimurium, closed with caps, and incubated at successive 3-day increments at 22, 37, and 42°C, respectively. In experiment 1, bacterial counts in contents collected on days 0, 6, and 9 revealed a treatment by day effect (p < 0.03), with the Salmonella challenge being 1.3 log10 CFU/g higher in quebracho-treated composts than in untreated controls after 6 days of composting. After 9 days of composting, Salmonella, wildtype Escherichia coli, and total aerobes in untreated and all tannin-treated composts were decreased by about 2.0 log10 CFU/g compared to day 0 numbers (3.06, 3.75, and 7.77 log10 CFU/g, respectively). Urea and ammonia concentrations tended (p < 0.10) to be increased in chestnut-treated composts compared to controls and concentrations of uric acid, urea, and ammonia were higher (p < 0.05) after 9 days of composting than on day 0. Despite higher tannin application in experiment 2, antibacterial effects of treatment or day of composting were not observed (p > 0.05). However, treatment by time of composting interactions was observed (p < 0.05), with quebracho- and chestnut-treated composts accumulating more uric acid after 24 h and 9 days of composting and chestnut-, mimosa- or quebracho-treated composts accumulating less ammonia than untreated composts. Results demonstrate that composting may effectively control pathogens and that tannin treatment can help preserve the crude protein quality of composting poultry litter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Arzola-Alvarez
- College of Animal Science and Ecology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Robin C. Anderson
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Robin C. Anderson
| | - Michael E. Hume
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Evelyn Ledezma
- College of Animal Science and Ecology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Oscar Ruiz-Barrera
- College of Animal Science and Ecology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandro Arzola-Rubio
- College of Animal Science and Ecology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | | | - Byeng Ryel Min
- Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Lauren R. Wottlin
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ramon Copado
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Jamie Salinas-Chavira
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Matamoros, Mexico
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Yu H, He Z, He Z, Yan Q, Shu L. Soil Amoebae Affect Iron and Chromium Reduction through Preferential Predation between Two Metal-Reducing Bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:9052-9062. [PMID: 35544746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil protists are essential but often overlooked in soil and could impact microbially driven element cycling in natural ecosystems. However, how protists influence heavy metal cycling in soil remains poorly understood. In this study, we used a model protist, Dictyostelium discoideum, to explore the effect of interactions between soil amoeba and metal-reducing bacteria on the reduction of soil Fe(III) and Cr(VI). We found that D. discoideum could preferentially prey on the Fe(III)-reducing bacterium Shewanella decolorationis S12 and significantly decrease its biomass. Surprisingly, this predation pressure also stimulated the activity of a single S. decolorationis S12 bacterium to reduce Fe(III) by enhancing the content of electron-transfer protein cyt c, intracellular ATP synthesis, and reactive oxygen species (e.g., H2O2). We also found that D. discoideum could not prey on the Cr(VI)-reducing bacterium Brevibacillus laterosporus. In contrast, B. laterosporus became edible to amoebae in the presence of S. decolorationis S12, and their Cr(VI) reduction ability decreased under amoeba predation pressure. This study provides direct evidence that protists can affect the Cr and Fe cycling via the elective predation pressure on the metal-reducing bacteria, broadening our horizons of predation of protists on soil metal cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Yu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenzhen He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhili He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qingyun Yan
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Longfei Shu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Mechineni A, Kommuru D, Terrill T, Kouakou B, Lee J, Gujja S, Burke J, Kannan G. Forage type and transportation stress effects on gut microbial counts and meat quality in goats. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2019-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding highly condensed tannin legume (sericea lespedeza, SL; Lespedeza cuneata) forage on gastrointestinal tract microbial counts and meat quality in goats. Intact male Spanish kids were kept in 0.40 ha paddocks of SL, bermudagrass (BG; Cynodon dactylon; control), or a combination of SL + BG (n = 10 goats per treatment group) for 8 wk. All goats were supplemented with a commercial feed pellet at 0.45 kg·head−1·d−1 for the first 4 wk and 0.23 kg·head−1·d−1 for the final 4 wk of the trial. At the end of the experiment, half the goats from each paddock were subjected to 3 h transportation stress, then all animals were humanely slaughtered. Diet or stress did not have a significant effect on skin Escherichia coli, coliform, or aerobic plate counts, and carcass, rumen, and fecal bacterial counts. Muscle pH at 24 h postmortem tended (P = 0.06) to be higher in transported compared with non-transported goats. The results indicate that SL consumption by goats for 8 wk did not significantly affect gastrointestinal tract, skin, and carcass microbial counts or meat quality, although preslaughter stress could influence meat quality due to changes in the course of postmortem pH decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Mechineni
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA
| | - D.S. Kommuru
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA
| | - T.H. Terrill
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA
| | - B. Kouakou
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA
| | - J.H. Lee
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA
| | - S. Gujja
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA
| | - J.M. Burke
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, Booneville, AR 72927, USA
| | - G. Kannan
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA
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Fei YY, Bhat JA, Gai JY, Zhao TJ. Global Transcriptome Profiling of Enterobacter Strain NRS-1 in Response to Hydrogen Peroxide Stress Treatment. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:1638-1652. [PMID: 32198600 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Microbes are often subjected to oxidative stress in nature that badly affects their growth rate and viability. Although the response of microbes against oxidative stress has been characterized at the chemical, physiological, and molecular levels, the mechanism of gene-regulation network adaptations of bacteria in response to oxidative stress remains largely unknown. In this study, transcriptomic profiling of glyphosate-tolerant Enterobacter strain NRS-1 was analyzed under 9 mM H2O2 stress using RNA-seq and qRT-PCR. The lag period in the growth of NRS-1 was very short compared with wild-type strain under H2O2 treatment. A total of 113 genes are identified as differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under H2O2 that include 38 upregulated and 75 downregulated transcripts. But not any genes regulated by major oxidative regulons, viz., oxyR, soxR, rpoS, perR, ohrR, and σв, have been reported in DEGs, hence potentially reflecting that specific changes have occurred in NRS-1 for adaptation to oxidative stress. Based on the functions of the DEGs, six elements namely formate dehydrogenase, processes associated with iron ions, repair programs, multidrug resistance, antioxidant defense, and energy generation (mqo, sdhC) might have contributed for stress tolerance in NRS-1. These elements are proposed to form a molecular network explaining gene response of NRS-1 to stress, and ensure global cell protection and growth recovery of NRS-1. These findings enrich the view of gene regulation in bacteria in response to H2O2 oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yan Fei
- Soybean Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1 Hao, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1 Hao, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- Soybean Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1 Hao, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1 Hao, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Yi Gai
- Soybean Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1 Hao, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1 Hao, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuan-Jie Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1 Hao, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1 Hao, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Ogawa S, Yazaki Y. Tannins from Acacia mearnsii De Wild. Bark: Tannin Determination and Biological Activities. Molecules 2018; 23:E837. [PMID: 29621196 PMCID: PMC6017853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The bark of Acacia mearnsii De Wild. (black wattle) contains significant amounts of water-soluble components acalled "wattle tannin". Following the discovery of its strong antioxidant activity, a wattle tannin dietary supplement has been developed and as part of developing new dietary supplements, a literature search was conducted using the SciFinder data base for "Acacia species and their biological activities". An analysis of the references found indicated that the name of Acacia nilotica had been changed to Vachellia nilotica, even though the name of the genus Acacia originated from its original name. This review briefly describes why and how the name of A. nilotica changed. Tannin has been analyzed using the Stiasny method when the tannin is used to make adhesives and the hide-powder method is used when the tannin is to be used for leather tanning. A simple UV method is also able to be used to estimate the values for both adhesives and leather tanning applications. The tannin content in bark can also be estimated using NIR and NMR. Tannin content estimations using pyrolysis/GC, electrospray mass spectrometry and quantitative 31P-NMR analyses have also been described. Tannins consists mostly of polyflavanoids and all the compounds isolated have been updated. Antioxidant activities of the tannin relating to anti-tumor properties, the viability of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and also anti-hypertensive effects have been studied. The antioxidant activity of proanthocyanidins was found to be higher than that of flavan-3-ol monomers. A total of fourteen papers and two patents reported the antimicrobial activities of wattle tannin. Bacteria were more susceptible to the tannins than the fungal strains tested. Several bacteria were inhibited by the extract from A. mearnsii bark. The growth inhibition mechanisms of E. coli were investigated. An interaction between extracts from A. mearnsii bark and antibiotics has also been studied. The extracts from A. mearnsii bark inhibit the growth of cyanobacteria. Wattle tannin has the ability to inactivate α-amylase, lipase and glucosidase. In vivo experiments on anti-obesity and anti-diabetes were also reported. Several patents relating to these enzymes for anti-diabetes and anti-obesity are in the literature. In addition, studies on Acacia bark extract regarding its antitermite activities, inhibition of itching in atopic dermatitis and anti-inflammatory effects have also been reported. The growth of bacteria was inhibited by the extract from A. mearnsii bark, and typical intestinal bacteria such as E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. vulgaris and S. marcescenes was also inhibited in vitro by extracts. Based on these results, the Acacia bark extract may inhibit not only the growth of these typical intestinal bacteria but also the growth of other types of intestinal bacteria such as Clostridium and Bacteroides, a so-called "bad bacteria". If the tannin extract from A. mearnsii bark inhibits growth of these "bad bacteria" in vivo evaluation, the extracts might be usable as a new dietary supplement, which could control the human intestinal microbiome to keep the body healthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sosuke Ogawa
- Mimozax Co., Ltd., 4291-1, Miyauchi, Hatsukaichi-shi, Hiroshima 738-0034, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Yazaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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Assessment of the Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Allium schoenoprasum L. with an Experimentally Elevated Selenium Content. Pharm Chem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-017-1582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Effect of Tannin Extracts on Biofilms and Attachment of Escherichia coli on Lettuce Leaves. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-016-1812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Diagnosing oxidative stress in bacteria: not as easy as you might think. Curr Opin Microbiol 2015; 24:124-31. [PMID: 25666086 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are vulnerable to elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). This situation has led to proposals that many natural stresses might be toxic specifically because they accelerate endogenous ROS formation. Such a mechanism has been convincingly demonstrated for redox-cycling compounds. However, the evidence is much weaker for most other stressors. The hypothesis that clinical antibiotics generate lethal ROS stress has attracted much attention, and the author discusses some aspects of evidence that support or oppose this idea. Importantly, even if all cellular electron flow were somehow diverted to ROS formation, the resultant doses of H2O2 and O2(-) would more likely be bacteriostatic than bacteriocidal unless key defense mechanisms were simultaneously blocked.
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Matsubara K, Ohta S. The effects of tannins derived from <i>Acacia mangium</i> bark on N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from water saturated acacia plantation soil. TROPICS 2015. [DOI: 10.3759/tropics.24.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Matsubara
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
- Current address: Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Seiichi Ohta
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
- Current address: Japan International Forestry Promotion and Cooperation Center Bunkyo-ku
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Cordeiro RP, Krause DO, Doria JH, Holley RA. Role of the BaeSR two-component regulatory system in resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to allyl isothiocyanate. Food Microbiol 2014; 42:136-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Johns PW, Das A, Kuil EM, Jacobs WA, Schimpf KJ, Schmitz DJ. Cocoa polyphenols accelerate vitamin B12 degradation in heated chocolate milk. Int J Food Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul W. Johns
- Abbott Nutrition Division; Abbott Laboratories; 3300 Stelzer Road Columbus OH 43219 USA
| | - Ananya Das
- Barclays Investment Bank; 190 South La Salle Street Chicago IL 60603 USA
| | - Esther M. Kuil
- Abbott Nutrition Division; Abbott Laboratories; Rieteweg 21 8041 AJ Zwolle The Netherlands
| | - Wesley A. Jacobs
- Abbott Nutrition Division; Abbott Laboratories; 3300 Stelzer Road Columbus OH 43219 USA
| | - Karen J. Schimpf
- Abbott Nutrition Division; Abbott Laboratories; 3300 Stelzer Road Columbus OH 43219 USA
| | - Daniel J. Schmitz
- Abbott Nutrition Division; Abbott Laboratories; 3300 Stelzer Road Columbus OH 43219 USA
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Samoilova Z, Muzyka N, Lepekhina E, Oktyabrsky O, Smirnova G. Medicinal plant extracts can variously modify biofilm formation in Escherichia coli. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2014; 105:709-22. [PMID: 24500005 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-014-0126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Low concentrations of black tea and water extracts from medicinal plants Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Tilia cordata, Betula pendula and Zea mays stimulated biofilm formation in Escherichia coli BW25113 up to three times. Similar effect was observed for tannic acid and low concentrations of quercetin. In contrast, the extract from Urtica dioica reduced biofilm production. Pretreatment with plant extracts variously modified antibiotic effects on specific biofilm formation (SBF). Extract from V. vitis-idaea increased SBF, while the extracts from Achillea millefolium, Laminaria japonica and U. dioica considerably decreased SBF in the presence of ciprofloxacin, streptomycin and cefotaxime. Stimulatory effect of the extracts and pure polyphenols on biofilm formation was probably related to their prooxidant properties. The rpoS deletion did not affect SBF significantly, but stimulation of biofilm formation by the compounds tested was accompanied by inhibition of rpoS expression, suggesting that a RpoS-independent signal transduction pathway was apparently used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Samoilova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm, 614081, Russia
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Gastrointestinal Bacterial and Methanogenic Archaea Diversity Dynamics Associated with Condensed Tannin-Containing Pine Bark Diet in Goats Using 16S rDNA Amplicon Pyrosequencing. Int J Microbiol 2014; 2014:141909. [PMID: 24669219 PMCID: PMC3941959 DOI: 10.1155/2014/141909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eighteen Kiko-cross meat goats (n = 6) were used to collect gastrointestinal (GI) bacteria and methanogenic archaea for diversity measures when fed condensed tannin-containing pine bark (PB). Three dietary treatments were tested: control diet (0% PB and 30% wheat straw (WS); 0.17% condensed tannins (CT) dry matter (DM)); 15% PB and 15% WS (1.6% CT DM), and 30% PB and 0% WS (3.2% CT DM). A 16S rDNA bacterial tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing technique was used to characterize and elucidate changes in GI bacteria and methanogenic archaea diversity among the diets. Proteobacteria was the most dominant phylum in goats with mean relative abundance values ranging from 39.7 (30% PB) to 46.5% (control) and 47.1% (15% PB). Other phyla individually accounted for fewer than 25% of the relative abundance observed. Predominant methanogens were Methanobrevibacter (75, 72, and 49%), Methanosphaera (3.3, 2.3, and 3.4%), and Methanobacteriaceae (1.2, 0.6, and 0.7%) population in control, 15, and 30% PB, respectively. Among methanogens, Methanobrevibacter was linearly decreased (P = 0.05) with increasing PB supplementation. These results indicate that feeding PB selectively altered bacteria and methanogenic archaeal populations in the GI tract of goats.
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Samoilova Z, Smirnova G, Muzyka N, Oktyabrsky O. Medicinal plant extracts variously modulate susceptibility of Escherichia coli to different antibiotics. Microbiol Res 2013; 169:307-13. [PMID: 23916388 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant activity of green and black tea and extracts of medicinal plants and their ability to modulate antibiotic susceptibility in Escherichia coli were studied. Among a number of extracts tested the maximal capacity to scavenge DPPH radicals and chelate iron in chemical tests was found in green and black tea, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi and Vaccinium vitis-idaea. These extracts contained high level of polyphenols and in aerobic conditions exhibited prooxidant features, producing H2O2 and inducing expression of the katG gene encoding catalase HPI in E. coli cells. A good correlation between the polyphenol content and the ability of extracts to protect bacteria against peroxide stress was observed (r = 0.88). Polyphenol-rich extracts and iron chelators demonstrated the highest modulating effect on the antibiotic susceptibility by changing the time period before lysis started and by influencing the colony-forming ability of bacteria. The direction of the modulating effect was dependent on nature of antibiotic applied: under treatment with ciprofloxacin and ampicillin the extracts predominantly provided protective effects, while under treatment with kanamycin a bactericidal action was enhanced. Mechanism of modulating action of extracts on bacterial antibiotic susceptibility probably involves antioxidant, preferentially iron-chelating, or prooxidant properties of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Samoilova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Galina Smirnova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Nadezda Muzyka
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Oleg Oktyabrsky
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm 614081, Russia; Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Komsomolsky pr. 29, Perm 614990, Russia.
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Wang Y, Jin L, Ominski KH, He M, Xu Z, Krause DO, Acharya SN, Wittenberg KM, Liu XL, Stanford K, McAllister TA. Screening of condensed tannins from Canadian prairie forages for anti-Escherichia coli O157:H7 with an emphasis on purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent). J Food Prot 2013; 76:560-7. [PMID: 23575115 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tannins from forages grown (n = 10) on the Canadian prairie, as well as from Quebracho, Rhus semialata, and brown seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum), were screened for anti-Escherichia coli O157:H7 activity against E. coli O157:H7 strain 3081 at a concentration of 400 μg/ml for each tannin type, except for brown seaweed, which was at 50 μg/ml. Growth of the bacteria was assessed by measuring the optical density at 600 nm over 24 h. Tannin from seaweed at a concentration of 50 μg/ml inhibited growth of strain 3081. Among the terrestrial forages, only condensed tannins (CT) from purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent; PPC) increased (P < 0.05) the lag time and reduced (P < 0.05) the growth rate of E. coli O157:H7. The anti-E. coli O157:H7 activity of PPC CT was further assessed by culturing E. coli strain ATCC 25922 and eight strains of E. coli O157:H7 with PPC CT at 0, 25, 50, 100, or 200 μg/ml. Selected strains were enumerated after 0, 6, and 24 h of incubation, and fatty acid composition was determined after 24 h of incubation. E. coli strain 25922 was cultured with 0, 50, or 200 μg of CT per ml and harvested during the exponential growth phase for examination by transmission electron microscopy. Increasing CT concentration linearly increased (P < 0.001) the lag times of seven strains and linearly reduced (P < 0.001) the growth rates of eight E. coli O157:H7 strains. Proportions of unsaturated fatty acids in the total fatty acids were decreased (P < 0.01) by CT at 50 μg/ml. Transmission electron microscopy showed that CT disrupted the outer membrane structure. Anti-E. coli O157:H7 activity of PPC CT at levels of up to 200 μg/ml was bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal, and the mechanism of anti-E. coli activity may involve alteration in the fatty acid composition and disruption of the outer membrane of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada Research Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
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Effect of tannic acid on the transcriptome of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:3141-5. [PMID: 23435890 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03101-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tannins are a diverse group of plant-produced, polyphenolic compounds with metal-chelating and antimicrobial properties that are prevalent in many soils. Using transcriptomics, we determined that tannic acid, a form of hydrolysable tannin, broadly affects the expression of genes involved in iron and zinc homeostases, sulfur metabolism, biofilm formation, motility, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in the soil- and rhizosphere-inhabiting bacterium Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5.
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Smirnova G, Samoilova Z, Muzyka N, Oktyabrsky O. Influence of plant polyphenols and medicinal plant extracts on antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:192-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05322.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of the Methanolic Extract of the Stem Bark of Pteleopsis hylodendron (Combretaceae). CHEMOTHERAPY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2012; 2011:218750. [PMID: 22312549 PMCID: PMC3265253 DOI: 10.1155/2011/218750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pteleopsis hylodendron (Combretaceae) is used in Cameroon and West Africa folk medicine for the treatment of various microbial infections (measles, chickenpox, and sexually transmitted diseases). The antibacterial properties of the methanolic extract and fractions from stem bark of Pteleopsis hylodendron were tested against three Gram-positive bacteria and eight Gram-negative bacteria using Agar-well diffusion and Broth microdilution methods. Antioxidant activities of the crude extract and fractions were investigated by DPPH radical scavenging activity and β-carotene-linoleic acid assays. The methanolic extract and some fractions exhibited antibacterial activities that varied between the bacterial species (ID = 0.00–25.00 mm; MIC = 781–12500 μg/mL and 0.24–1000 μg/mL). The activity of the crude extract is, however, very weak compared to the reference antibiotics (MIC = 0.125–128 μg/mL). Two fractions (FE and FF) showed significant activity (MIC = 0.97 μg/mL) while S. aureus ATCC 25922 was almost resistant to all the tested fractions. In addition, the crude extract and some fractions showed good antioxidant potential with inhibition values ranging from 17.53 to 98.79%. These results provide promising baseline information for the potential use of this plant as well as some of the fractions in the treatment of infectious diseases and oxidative stress.
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Tabasco R, Sánchez-Patán F, Monagas M, Bartolomé B, Victoria Moreno-Arribas M, Peláez C, Requena T. Effect of grape polyphenols on lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria growth: Resistance and metabolism. Food Microbiol 2011; 28:1345-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Curiel JA, Rodríguez H, de las Rivas B, Anglade P, Baraige F, Zagorec M, Champomier-Vergès M, Muñoz R, de Felipe FL. Response of a Lactobacillus plantarum
human isolate to tannic acid challenge assessed by proteomic analyses. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 55:1454-65. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Wang HC, Brumaghim JL. Polyphenol Compounds as Antioxidants for Disease Prevention: Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging, Enzyme Regulation, and Metal Chelation Mechanisms in E. coliand Human Cells. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2011-1083.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao C. Wang
- Chemistry Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973
| | - Julia L. Brumaghim
- Chemistry Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973
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Effect of environmental factors and influence of rumen and hindgut biogeography on bacterial communities in steers. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 77:258-68. [PMID: 21075877 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01289-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Feces from cattle production are considered important sources of bacterial contamination of food and the environment. Little is known about the combined effects of arctic temperatures and fodder tannins on rumen and hindgut bacterial populations. Individual rumen liquor and rectal fecal samples from donor steers fed either alfalfa silage or sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) silage and water ad libitum were collected weekly on the first three sampling days and fortnightly afterwards. The daily ambient temperatures were registered and averaged to weekly mean temperatures. Steers fed sainfoin silage had lower (P < 0.05) concentrations of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (VFA) than those fed alfalfa silage. All VFA concentrations were higher (P < 0.001) in rumen liquor samples than in fecal samples. The interaction of sample type and diet showed a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the proportions of the bacterial community that were from the phyla Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Ambient temperature had an indirect effect (P < 0.05) on the phylum Firmicutes, as it affected its proportional balance. The bacterial population diversity in samples appeared to decrease concurrently with the ambient temperature. The phylum Firmicutes explained the first principal component at 64.83 and 42.58% of the total variance in rumen liquor and fecal samples, respectively. The sample type had a larger effect on bacterial communities than diet and temperature. Certain bacterial populations seemed to be better adapted than others to environmentally adverse conditions, such as less access time to nutrients due to higher motility and rate of passage of digesta caused by extreme temperatures, or antimicrobials such as tannins, possibly due to an influence of their biogeographical location within the gut.
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Smirnova GV, Vysochina GI, Muzyka NG, Samoylova ZY, Kukushkina TA, Oktyabrsky ON. Evaluation of antioxidant properties of medical plants using microbial test systems. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wang Y, Chaves A, Rigby F, He M, McAllister T. Effects of hops on ruminal fermentation, growth, carcass traits and shedding of Escherichia coli of feedlot cattle. Livest Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Smirnova GV, Vysochina GI, Muzyka NG, Samoilova ZY, Kukushkina TA, Oktyabr’ski ON. The antioxidant characteristics of medicinal plant extracts from Western Siberia. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683809060118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Neyestani TR, Khalaji N, Gharavi A. Black and green teas may have selective synergistic or antagonistic effects on certain antibiotics againstStreptococcus pyogenesin vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/13590840701703934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Botes A, Boekhout T, Hagen F, Vismer H, Swart J, Botha A. Growth and mating of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii on woody debris. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2009; 57:757-765. [PMID: 18850241 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-008-9452-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A total of 36 Cryptococcus neoformans strains originating from South Africa were screened for wood degrading enzymes. All strains tested positive for cellulase activity while none where capable of xylan degradation. Three C. neoformans var. grubii strains, originating from clinical and environmental samples, representing the same genotype (VNI/AFLP1-C. neoformans var. grubii) and MATalpha, were evaluated for growth on debris of two common tree species in South Africa: Acacia mearnsii and Eucalyptus camaldulensis. The mating capability of all the C. neoformans strains was evaluated on similar debris. Strains grown on A. mearnsii yielded substantially greater yeast populations. A total of 26%, 6%, 46%, and 80% of the 36 C. neoformans strains tested were either able to mate or develop filaments when crossed on A. mearnsii and E. camaldulensis debris, V8 juice, and yeast carbon base (YCB) agar, respectively. Filamentation and monokaryotic fruiting was observed in 3% of strains when C. neoformans was cultured on either A. mearnsii, E. camaldulensis debris, or YCB. The results indicate that this fungus is capable of completing its life cycle and can produce basidiospores on woody debris. In the future, these findings should be considered when studying the epidemiology, microbial ecology, and proposed infection process of this global pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Botes
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Oktyabrsky O, Vysochina G, Muzyka N, Samoilova Z, Kukushkina T, Smirnova G. Assessment of anti-oxidant activity of plant extracts using microbial test systems. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 106:1175-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04083.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Smirnova GV, Samoylova ZY, Muzyka NG, Oktyabrsky ON. Influence of polyphenols on Escherichia coli resistance to oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 46:759-68. [PMID: 19135521 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Among all polyphenols tested (tannic acid and flavonoids belonging to different subclasses) only tannin and quercetin significantly enhanced resistance of Escherichia coli to peroxide stress. Pretreatment of the cells with quercetin and tannin resulted in a decrease in the growth arrest duration under moderate H(2)O(2) concentration (2 mM) and an increase in survival under high (10 mM) doses. The shorter growth recovery period in pretreated cells was connected with more rapid H(2)O(2) elimination because of induced activity of scavenging enzymes. This effect was absent in the Delta oxyR mutant, which was unable to induce genes responding to peroxide stress. The data obtained suggest that the observed protection was a result of two overlapping effects: induction of OxyR regulon by low concentrations of H(2)O(2), accumulated during extracellular autoxidation of quercetin and tannin, and protection of synthesis of OxyR-regulated antioxidant enzymes during H(2)O(2) stress because of intracellular binding of iron by quercetin and tannin and suppressing Fenton chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina V Smirnova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Golev Street 13, Perm 614081, Russia.
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Neyestani TR, Khalaji N, Gharavi A. Selective Microbiologic Effects of Tea Extract on Certain Antibiotics Against Escherichia coli In Vitro. J Altern Complement Med 2007; 13:1119-24. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2007.7033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tirang R. Neyestani
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Khalaji
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A'Azam Gharavi
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
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The BaeSR two-component regulatory system mediates resistance to condensed tannins in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 74:535-9. [PMID: 18039828 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02271-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene expression profiles of Escherichia coli strains grown anaerobically with or without Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) extract were compared to identify tannin resistance strategies. The cell envelope stress protein gene spy and the multidrug transporter-encoding operon mdtABCD, both under the control of the BaeSR two-component regulatory system, were significantly up-regulated in the presence of tannins. BaeSR mutants were more tannin sensitive than their wild-type counterparts.
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Ververidis F, Trantas E, Douglas C, Vollmer G, Kretzschmar G, Panopoulos N. Biotechnology of flavonoids and other phenylpropanoid-derived natural products. Part I: Chemical diversity, impacts on plant biology and human health. Biotechnol J 2007; 2:1214-34. [PMID: 17935117 DOI: 10.1002/biot.200700084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant natural products derived from phenylalanine and the phenylpropanoid pathway are impressive in their chemical diversity and are the result of plant evolution, which has selected for the acquisition of large repertoires of pigments, structural and defensive compounds, all derived from a phenylpropanoid backbone via the plant-specific phenylpropanoid pathway. These compounds are important in plant growth, development and responses to environmental stresses and thus can have large impacts on agricultural productivity. While plant-based medicines containing phenylpropanoid-derived active components have long been used by humans, the benefits of specific flavonoids and other phenylpropanoid-derived compounds to human health and their potential for long-term health benefits have been only recognized more recently. In this part of the review, we discuss the diversity and biosynthetic origins of phenylpropanoids and particularly of the flavonoid and stilbenoid natural products. We then review data pertaining to the modes of action and biological properties of these compounds, referring on their effects on human health and physiology and their roles as plant defense and antimicrobial compounds. This review continues in Part II discussing the use of biotechnological tools targeting the rational reconstruction of multienzyme pathways in order to modify the production of such compounds in plants and model microbial systems for the benefit of agriculture and forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippos Ververidis
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Plant Sciences, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Bossi A, Rinalducci S, Zolla L, Antonioli P, Righetti PG, Zapparoli G. Effect of tannic acid on Lactobacillus hilgardii analysed by a proteomic approach. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 102:787-95. [PMID: 17309629 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03118.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A contribution towards the elucidation of the mechanisms of tannins on bacteria growth inhibition, with particular focus on the interaction between tannins and bacterial proteins. METHODS AND RESULTS The interaction between tannic acid (TA) and Lactobacillus hilgardii, a wine spoilage bacterium, was investigated by a combination of physiologic and proteomic approaches. Growing tests were performed on medium supplemented with TA at concentrations ranging from 100 to 1000 mg l(-1) demonstrating the inhibitory effect of TA on the growth rate. Total proteins extracted from cells unexposed and exposed to TA were then analysed by 2D-electrophoresis and significant quantitative variations with a marked decrease of protein intensity upon TA exposure were observed. Most of the proteins, identified by ESI tandem Mass Spectrometry, were metabolic enzymes of different pathways, located in cytoplasm and membrane. CONCLUSIONS The effects of TA on cells are deduced by the involvement of metabolic enzymes, and functional proteins on the tannin-protein interaction. These results might be related to the altered functions of the cell metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The possible role of tannins in the inhibition of the bacterial survival and growth in a natural environment such as wine. A similar approach could be applied for evaluating the effects of tannins on food borne and pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bossi
- Department of Agricultural and Industrial Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Yamada H, Takashima E, Konishi K. Molecular characterization of the membrane-bound quinol peroxidase functionally connected to the respiratory chain. FEBS J 2007; 274:853-66. [PMID: 17288564 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05637.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report for the first time quinol peroxidase (QPO), an enzyme that uses ubiquinol-1 as an electron donor for the reduction of H(2)O(2) to water. We purified QPO to > 90% purity from the membrane fraction of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. QPO is a 53.6-kDa protein that contains three heme c molecules. The qpo gene was predicted to encode a putative bacterial cytochrome c peroxidase with N-terminal extensions containing an additional potential heme c-binding motif. Although qpo has high sequence homology to bacterial cytochrome c peroxidases, QPO did not catalyze peroxidation in the presence of horse heart cytochrome c. In addition, the cytoplasmic membrane of A. actinomycetemcomitans had apparent QPO-dependent peroxidase activity in the presence of NADH or succinate, which are substrates for the respiratory chain. Based on these findings, we present a new mechanism for the scavenging of reactive oxygen species in which quinol in the respiratory chain is consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamada
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Min ER, Pinchak WE, Anderson RC, Callaway TR. Effect of tannins on the in vitro growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and in vivo growth of generic Escherichia coli excreted from steers. J Food Prot 2007; 70:543-50. [PMID: 17388040 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-70.3.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The effect of commercially available chestnut and mimosa tannins in vitro (experiment 1) or in vivo (experiment 2) on the growth or recovery of Escherichia coli O157:H7 or generic fecal E. coli was evaluated. In experiment 1, the mean growth rate of E. coli O157:H7, determined via the measurement of optical density at 600 nm during anaerobic culture in tryptic soy broth at 37 degrees C, was reduced (P < 0.05) with as little as 400 microg of either tannin extract per ml of culture fluid. The addition of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1,200 microg of tannins per ml significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the specific bacterial growth rate when compared with the nontannin control. The specific growth rate decreased with increasing dose levels up to 800 microg of tannins per ml. Bacterial growth inhibition effects in chestnut tannins were less pronounced than in mimosa tannins. Chestnut tannin extract addition ranged from 0 to 1,200 microg/ml, and a linear effect (P < 0.05) was observed in cultures incubated for 6 h against the recovery of viable cells, determined via the plating of each strain onto MacConkey agar, of E. coli O157:H7 strains 933 and 86-24, but not against strain 6058. Similar tests with mimosa tannin extract showed a linear effect (P < 0.05) against the recovery of E. coli O157:H7 strain 933 only. The bactericidal effect observed in cultures incubated for 24 h with the tannin preparations was similar, although it was less than that observed from cultures incubated for 6 h. When chestnut tannins (15 g of tannins per day) were infused intraruminally to steers fed a Bermuda grass hay diet in experiment 2, fecal E. coli shedding was lower on days 3 (P < 0.03), 12 (P = 0.08), and 15 (P < 0.001) when compared with animals that were fed a similar diet without tannin supplementation. It was concluded that dietary levels and sources of tannins potentially reduce the shedding of E. coli from the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eng R Min
- Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, P.O. Box 1658, Vernon, Texas 76385, USA
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Hori Y, Sato S, Hatai A. Antibacterial activity of plant extracts from azuki beans (Vigna angularis)in vitro. Phytother Res 2006; 20:162-4. [PMID: 16444673 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to examine the antimicrobial property of azuki beans (Vigna angularis). The water extracts of green, black and red colored azuki beans showed antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In contrast, the extract of white azuki beans showed no inhibition towards any of the microorganisms examined. The extracts of colored azuki beans contained larger amounts of polyphenols including proanthocyanidins than the extracts of white azuki beans. The counts of S. aureus cells, inoculated in the medium containing the extracts of colored azuki beans, were significantly reduced in comparison with those of control and white azuki beans after 24 h (p < 0.05). These results suggest that polyphenols including proanthocyanidins in colored azuki beans may be responsible for their antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hori
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hakodate Junior College, Hakodate 042-0955, Japan.
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NISHITANI Y, OSAWA R. Involvement of tannase in the acquisition of manganese from tannin-rich medium by tannase-producing Lactobacillus plantarum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.4109/jslab.17.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Franco AR, Calheiros CSC, Pacheco CC, De Marco P, Manaia CM, Castro PML. Isolation and characterization of polymeric galloyl-ester-degrading bacteria from a tannery discharge place. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2005; 50:550-6. [PMID: 16341641 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-005-5020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2005] [Accepted: 06/03/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The culturable bacteria colonizing the rhizosphere of plants growing in the area of discharge of a tannery effluent were characterized. Relative proportions of aerobic, denitrifying, and sulfate-reducing bacteria were determined in the rhizosphere of Typha latifolia, Canna indica, and Phragmites australis. Aerobic bacteria were observed to be the most abundant group in the rhizosphere, and plant type did not seem to influence the abundance of the bacterial types analyzed. To isolate bacteria able to degrade polyphenols used in the tannery industry, enrichments were conducted under different conditions. Bacterial cultures were enriched with individual polyphenols (tannins Tara, Quebracho, or Mimosa) or with an undefined mixture of tannins present in the tannery effluent as carbon source. Cultures enriched with the effluent or Tara tannin were able to degrade tannic acid. Six bacterial isolates purified from these mixed cultures were able to use tannic acid as a sole carbon source in axenic culture. On the basis of 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, these isolates were closely related to organisms belonging to the taxa Serratia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Klebsiella oxytoca, Herbaspirillum chlorophenolicum, and Pseudomonas putida.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Franco
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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Smith AH, Zoetendal E, Mackie RI. Bacterial mechanisms to overcome inhibitory effects of dietary tannins. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2005; 50:197-205. [PMID: 16222487 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-004-0180-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2004] [Accepted: 12/01/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of tannins in fodder plants inhibit gastrointestinal bacteria and reduce ruminant performance. Increasing the proportion of tannin-resistant bacteria in the rumen protects ruminants from anti-nutritional effects. The reason for the protective effect is unclear, but could be elucidated if the mechanism(s) by which tannins inhibit bacteria and the mechanisms of tannin resistance were understood. A review of the literature indicates that the ability of tannins to complex with polymers and minerals is the basis of the inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal bacteria. Mechanisms by which bacteria can overcome inhibition include tannin modification/degradation, dissociation of tannin-substrate complexes, tannin inactivation by high-affinity binders, and membrane modification/repair and metal ion sequestration. Understanding the mechanism of action of tannins and the mechanism(s) bacteria use to overcome the inhibitory effects will allow better management of the rumen ecosystem to reduce the anti-nutritional effects of tannin-rich fodder plants and thereby improve ruminant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra H Smith
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Leiro J, Cano E, Ubeira FM, Orallo F, Sanmartín ML. In vitro effects of resveratrol on the viability and infectivity of the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48:2497-501. [PMID: 15215100 PMCID: PMC434200 DOI: 10.1128/aac.48.7.2497-2501.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsporidians of the genus Encephalitozoon are an important cause of disease in immunocompromised patients, and there are currently no completely effective treatments. The present study investigated the viability and infectivity of spores of Encephalitozoon cuniculi that had been exposed to resveratrol (RESV), a natural phytoalexin found in grapes and red wine. RESV at 50 microM showed significant sporicidal activity, and at 10 to 50 microM it reduced the capacity of the spores to infect dog kidney epithelial cells of the MDCK line. At 10 microM RESV also significantly inhibited intracellular development of the parasite, without affecting host cell viability. These results suggest that RESV may be useful in the treatment of Encephalitozoon infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Leiro
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigación y Análisis Alimentarios, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/Constantino Candeira s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Smith AH, Mackie RI. Effect of condensed tannins on bacterial diversity and metabolic activity in the rat gastrointestinal tract. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:1104-15. [PMID: 14766594 PMCID: PMC348825 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.2.1104-1115.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of dietary condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins) on rat fecal bacterial populations was ascertained in order to determine whether the proportion on tannin-resistant bacteria increased and if there was a change in the predominant bacterial populations. After 3 weeks of tannin diets the proportion of tannin-resistant bacteria increased significantly (P < 0.05) from 0.3% +/- 5.5% to 25.3% +/- 8.3% with a 0.7% tannin diet and to 47.2% +/- 5.1% with a 2% tannin diet. The proportion of tannin-resistant bacteria returned to preexposure levels in the absence of dietary tannins. A shift in bacterial populations was confirmed by molecular fingerprinting of fecal bacterial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Posttreatment samples were generally still distinguishable from controls after 3.5 weeks. Sequence analysis of DGGE bands and characterization of tannin-resistant isolates indicated that tannins selected for Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroides species. Dot blot quantification confirmed that these gram-negative bacterial groups predominated in the presence of dietary tannins and that there was a corresponding decrease in the gram-positive Clostridium leptum group and other groups. Metabolic fingerprint patterns revealed that functional activities of culturable fecal bacteria were affected by the presence of tannins. Condensed tannins of Acacia angustissima altered fecal bacterial populations in the rat gastrointestinal tract, resulting in a shift in the predominant bacteria towards tannin-resistant gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroides species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra H Smith
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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