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Jaiswal S, Singh B, Dhingra I, Joshi A, Kodgire P. Bioremediation and bioscavenging for elimination of organophosphorus threats: An approach using enzymatic advancements. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118888. [PMID: 38599448 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds (OP) are highly toxic pesticides and nerve agents widely used in agriculture and chemical warfare. The extensive use of these chemicals has severe environmental implications, such as contamination of soil, water bodies, and food chains, thus endangering ecosystems and biodiversity. Plants absorb pesticide residues, which then enter the food chain and accumulate in the body fat of both humans and animals. Numerous human cases of OP poisoning have been linked to both acute and long-term exposure to these toxic OP compounds. These compounds inhibit the action of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) by phosphorylation, which prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter into choline and acetate. Thus, it becomes vital to cleanse the environment from these chemicals utilizing various physical, chemical, and biological methods. Biological methods encompassing bioremediation using immobilized microbes and enzymes have emerged as environment-friendly and cost-effective approaches for pesticide removal. Cell/enzyme immobilized systems offer higher stability, reusability, and ease of product recovery, making them ideal tools for OP bioremediation. Interestingly, enzymatic bioscavengers (stoichiometric, pseudo-catalytic, and catalytic) play a vital role in detoxifying pesticides from the human body. Catalytic bioscavenging enzymes such as Organophosphate Hydrolase, Organophosphorus acid anhydrolase, and Paraoxonase 1 show high degradation efficiency within the animal body as well as in the environment. Moreover, these enzymes can also be employed to decontaminate pesticides from food, ensuring food safety and thus minimizing human exposure. This review aims to provide insights to potential collaborators in research organizations, government bodies, and industries to bring advancements in the field of bioremediation and bioscavenging technologies for the mitigation of OP-induced health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Jaiswal
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Brijeshwar Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Isha Dhingra
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Abhijeet Joshi
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India.
| | - Prashant Kodgire
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore, 453552, India.
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Aioub AAA, Fahmy MA, Ammar EE, Maher M, Ismail HA, Yue J, Zhang Q, Abdel-Wahab SIZ. Decontamination of Chlorpyrifos Residue in Soil by Using Mentha piperita (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) for Phytoremediation and Two Bacterial Strains. TOXICS 2024; 12:435. [PMID: 38922115 PMCID: PMC11209611 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12060435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This study utilizes Mentha piperita (MI) for the first time to investigate the uptake and translocation of chlorpyrifos (CPF; 10 µg g-1) from soil, introducing a new approach to improve the efficacy of this technique, which includes using biosurfactants (Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) at 107 CFU/mL to degrade CPF under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (Prx), and oxidative stress due to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in MI roots and leaves were evaluated under CPF stress. Our results demonstrated that amending soil with MI and B. subtilis followed by P. aeruginosa significantly reduced CPF levels in the soil (p > 0.05) and enhanced CPF concentrations in MI roots and leaves after 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of the experiment. Furthermore, CPF showed its longest half-life (t1/2) in soil contaminated solely with CPF, lasting 15.36 days. Conversely, its shortest half-life occurred in soil contaminated with CPF and treated with MI along with B. subtilis, lasting 4.65 days. Soil contaminated with CPF and treated with MI and P. aeruginosa showed a half-life of 7.98 days. The half-life (t1/2) of CPF-contaminated soil with MI alone was 11.41 days. A batch equilibrium technique showed that B. subtilis is better than P. aeruginosa for eliminating CPF from soil in In vitro experiments. Notably, CPF-polluted soil treated with coadministration of MI and the tested bacteria improved the activities of SOD and Prx and reduced H2O2 and MDA compared with CPF-polluted soil treated with MI alone. Our findings demonstrated that using B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa as biosurfactants to augment phytoremediation represents a commendable strategy for enhancing the remediation of CPF contamination in affected sites while reducing the existence of harmful pesticide remnants in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. A. Aioub
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Fahmy
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Esraa E. Ammar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
- Plant Ecology Sector, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Maher
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Heba A. Ismail
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt;
| | - Jin Yue
- Anji County Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Hangzhou 313300, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Sarah I. Z. Abdel-Wahab
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
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Kiruthika K, Suganthi A, Johnson Thangaraj Edward YS, Anandham R, Renukadevi P, Murugan M, Bimal Kumar Sahoo, Mohammad Ikram, Kavitha PG, Jayakanthan M. Role of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Insecticide Residue Degradation. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10298-0. [PMID: 38819541 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria are gaining global attention, especially due to their role as a probiotic. They are increasingly being used as a flavoring agent and food preservative. Besides their role in food processing, lactic acid bacteria also have a significant role in degrading insecticide residues in the environment. This review paper highlights the importance of lactic acid bacteria in degrading insecticide residues of various types, such as organochlorines, organophosphorus, synthetic pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, and diamides. The paper discusses the mechanisms employed by lactic acid bacteria to degrade these insecticides, as well as their potential applications in bioremediation. The key enzymes produced by lactic acid bacteria, such as phosphatase and esterase, play a vital role in breaking down insecticide molecules. Furthermore, the paper discusses the challenges and future directions in this field. However, more research is needed to optimize the utilization of lactic acid bacteria in insecticide residue degradation and to develop practical strategies for their implementation in real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kiruthika
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Suganthi
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - R Anandham
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Renukadevi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Murugan
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bimal Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad Ikram
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P G Kavitha
- Department of Nematology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Jayakanthan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wepukhulu M, Wachira P, Huria N, Sifuna P, Essuman S, Asamba M. Optimization of Growth Conditions for Chlorpyrifos-Degrading Bacteria in Farm Soils in Nakuru County, Kenya. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 2024:1611871. [PMID: 38304346 PMCID: PMC10834098 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1611871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a chlorinated organophosphate pesticide. In Kenya, it is commonly used as an acaricide, particularly in dairy farming, leading to soil and water contamination. The study is aimed at isolating bacteria with CP-degrading potential and optimizing their growth conditions, including temperature, pH, and CP concentration. The enrichment culture technique was used, with minimal salt medium (MSM) supplemented with commercial grade CP. A multilevel factorial design was used to investigate the interactions of temperature, pH, and CP concentration. According to the findings, seven bacterial strains with potential to degrade CP were characterized and identified as Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus weihenstephanensis, Bacillus toyonensis, Alcaligenes sp. strain SCAU23, Pseudomonas sp. strain PB845W, Brevundimonas diminuta, and uncultured bacterium clone 99. Growth and biodegradation of bacteria differed significantly among the isolates across pH value, temperature, and concentrations (P ≤ 0.05). The optimum conditions for growth were pH 7, temperature of 25°C, and 25mg/l chlorpyrifos concentration, while optimum degradation conditions were pH 5, temp 25°C, and CP conc. 25mg/l. The Pearson correlation between optimum growth and degradation showed a weak positive relationship (R = 0.1144) for pH and strong positive relationship for temperature and concentration of chlorpyrifos. Other than pH, the study shows that there could be other cofactors facilitating the chlorpyrifos degradation process. The findings show that an efficient consortium, at 25°C and pH 5, can include Bacillus toyonensis 20SBZ2B and Alcaligenes sp. SCAU23 as they showed high optical density (OD) values under these conditions. These results indicate the potential for these bacteria to be employed in chlorpyrifos-contaminated ecosystem detoxification efforts upon manipulation of natural growth conditions. The findings of this study offer a potential foundation for future research into the reconstitution of a consortium. Based on the optimum conditions identified, the isolated bacterial strains could be further developed into a consortium to effectively degrade CP in both laboratory and field conditions. Dairy farmers can utilize the isolated strains and the consortia to decontaminate farm soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Wepukhulu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-0100, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tharaka University, Marimanti, Kenya
| | - Peter Wachira
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-0100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nderitu Huria
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-0100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Paul Sifuna
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mount Kenya University, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
| | - Suliman Essuman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mount Kenya University, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
| | - Micah Asamba
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi, Kenya
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Thakar SP, Dabhi RC, Rathod SL, Patel UP, Rana A, Shrivastav PS, George LB, Highland H. In situ chlorpyrifos (CPF) degradation by Acrobeloides maximus: Insights from chromatographic analysis. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1714:464555. [PMID: 38091714 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of nematodes in zooremediation of chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate pesticide. The nematode population Acrobeloides maximus (A. maximus) was employed for bioremediation, converting CPF into non-toxic residues. Optimal growth conditions for mass production of A. maximus were achieved by maintaining a temperature of 25 °C, pH 8, and supplementing the culture medium with plant nutrients. The nematodes were then immobilized within sodium alginate beads. The efficacy of the degradation process was assessed using various analytical techniques, including UV-Visible spectroscopy, HPTLC, FTIR, and LC-MS, confirming the successful breakdown of CPF. The bioreactor demonstrated a complete degradation efficiency of CPF exceeding 99%. Additionally, LC-MS analysis was conducted to elucidate the degradation pathway based on the formation of intermediates. These results underscore the potential of A. maximus as a sustainable organism for addressing environmental contamination arising from CPF pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta P Thakar
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology, Human Genetics and Wildlife Conservation and Biology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India.
| | - Ranjitsinh C Dabhi
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Suryajit L Rathod
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Unnati P Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Aasha Rana
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Madhav University, Pindwara, Sirohi, Rajasthan 307026, India
| | - Pranav S Shrivastav
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Linz-Buoy George
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology, Human Genetics and Wildlife Conservation and Biology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Hyacinth Highland
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology, Human Genetics and Wildlife Conservation and Biology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
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Liu C, Zhao C, Wang L, Du X, Zhu L, Wang J, Mo Kim Y, Wang J. Biodegradation mechanism of chlorpyrifos by Bacillus sp. H27: Degradation enzymes, products, pathways and whole genome sequencing analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117315. [PMID: 37805180 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a pesticide widely used in agricultural production. However, excessive use of CP is risky for human health and the ecological environment. Microbial remediation has become a research hotspot of environmental pollution control. In this study, the effective CP-degrading strain H27 (Bacillus cereus) was screened from farmland soil, and the degradation ratio was more than 80%. Then, the degradation mechanism was discussed in terms of enzymes, pathways, products and genes, and the mechanism was improved in terms of cell motility, secretory transport system and biofilm formation. The key CP-degrading enzymes were mainly intracellular enzymes (IE), and the degradation ratio reached 49.6% within 30 min. The optimal pH for IE was 7.0, and the optimal temperature was 25 °C. Using DFT and HPLC‒MS analysis, it was found that degradation mainly involved oxidation, hydrolysis and other reactions, and 3 degradation pathways and 14 products were identified, among which TCP (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) was the main primary degradation product in addition to small molecules such as CO2 and H2O. Finally, the whole genome of strain H27 was sequenced, and the related degrading genes and enzymes were investigated to improve the metabolic pathways. Strain H27 had perfect genes related to flagellar assembly and chemotaxis and tended to tolerate CP. Moreover, it can secrete esterase, phosphatase and other substances, which can form biofilms and degrade CP in the environment. In addition, CP enters the cell under the action of permeases or transporters, and it is metabolized by IE. The degradation mechanism of CP by strain H27 is speculated in this study, which provided a theoretical basis for enriching CP-degrading bacteria resources, improving degradation metabolic pathways and mechanisms, and applying strain H27 to environmental pollution remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrui Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Changyu Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Lanjun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Xiaomin Du
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
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Hou R, Zhang S, Huang Q, Lin L, Li H, Li J, Liu S, Sun C, Xu X. Role of Gastrointestinal Microbiota from Crucian Carp in Microbial Transformation and Estrogenicity Modification of Novel Plastic Additives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11476-11488. [PMID: 37462611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion is a major exposure route for hydrophobic organic pollutants in fish, but the microbial transformation and estrogenic modification of the novel plastic additives by the gut microbiota of fish remain obscure. Using an in vitro approach, we provide evidence that structure-related transformation of various plastic additives by the gastric and intestinal (GI) microbiota from crucian carp, with the degradation ratio of bisphenols and triphenyl phosphate faster than those of brominated compounds. The degradation kinetics for these pollutants could be limited by oxygen and cometabolic substrates (i.e., glucose). The fish GI microbiota could utilize the vast majority of carbon sources in a Biolog EcoPlate, suggesting their high metabolic potential and ability to transform various organic compounds. Unique microorganisms associated with transformation of the plastic additives including genera of Citrobacter, Klebsiella, and some unclassified genera in Enterobacteriaceae were identified by combining high-throughput genetic analyses and metagenomic analyses. Through identification of anaerobic transformation products by high-resolution mass spectrometry, alkyl-cleavage was found the common transformation mechanism, and hydrolysis was the major pathway for ester-containing pollutants. After anaerobic incubation, the estrogenic activities of triphenyl phosphate and bisphenols A, F, and AF declined, whereas that of bisphenol AP increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qianyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Hengxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China
| | - Jingxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China
| | - Chengjun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572100, China
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Prodhan MY, Rahman MB, Rahman A, Akbor MA, Ghosh S, Nahar MNEN, Simo, Shamsuzzoha M, Cho KM, Haque MA. Characterization of Growth-Promoting Activities of Consortia of Chlorpyrifos Mineralizing Endophytic Bacteria Naturally Harboring in Rice Plants-A Potential Bio-Stimulant to Develop a Safe and Sustainable Agriculture. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1821. [PMID: 37512993 PMCID: PMC10385066 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Eighteen pesticide-degrading endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots, stems, and leaves of healthy rice plants and identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Furthermore, biochemical properties, including enzyme production, dye degradation, anti-bacterial activities, plant-growth-promoting traits, including N-fixation, P-solubilization, auxin production, and ACC-deaminase activities of these naturally occurring endophytic bacteria along with their four consortia, were characterized. Enterobacter cloacae HSTU-ABk39 and Enterobacter sp. HSTU-ABk36 displayed inhibition zones of 41.5 ± 1.5 mm, and 29 ± 09 mm against multidrug-resistant human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively. FT-IR analysis revealed that all eighteen isolates were able to degrade chlorpyrifos pesticide. Our study confirms that pesticide-degrading endophytic bacteria from rice plants play a key role in enhancing plant growth. Notably, rice plants grown in pots containing reduced urea (30%) mixed with either endophytic bacterial consortium-1, consortium-2, consortium-3, or consortia-4 demonstrated an increase of 17.3%, 38.6%, 18.2%, and 39.1% yields, respectively, compared to the control plants grown in pots containing 100% fertilizer. GC-MS/MS analysis confirmed that consortia treatment caused the degradation of chlorpyrifos into different non-toxic metabolites, including 2-Hydroxy-3,5,6 trichloropyridine, Diethyl methane phosphonate, Phorate sulfoxide, and Carbonochloridic. Thus, these isolates could be deployed as bio-stimulants to improve crop production by creating a sustainable biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yeasin Prodhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Bokhtiar Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Aminur Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Ahedul Akbor
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Services (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Sibdas Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Carlow University, 3333 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mst Nur-E-Nazmun Nahar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Simo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shamsuzzoha
- Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Kye Man Cho
- Department of Green Bio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Azizul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
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Leskovac A, Petrović S. Pesticide Use and Degradation Strategies: Food Safety, Challenges and Perspectives. Foods 2023; 12:2709. [PMID: 37509801 PMCID: PMC10379487 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
While recognizing the gaps in pesticide regulations that impact consumer safety, public health concerns associated with pesticide contamination of foods are pointed out. The strategies and research directions proposed to prevent and/or reduce pesticide adverse effects on human health and the environment are discussed. Special attention is paid to organophosphate pesticides, as widely applied insecticides in agriculture, veterinary practices, and urban areas. Biotic and abiotic strategies for organophosphate pesticide degradation are discussed from a food safety perspective, indicating associated challenges and potential for further improvements. As food systems are endangered globally by unprecedented challenges, there is an urgent need to globally harmonize pesticide regulations and improve methodologies in the area of food safety to protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Leskovac
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, M. Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Petrović
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, M. Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Blanton AG, Perkins S, Peterson BF. In vitro assays reveal inherently insecticide-tolerant termite symbionts. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1134936. [PMID: 37501931 PMCID: PMC10368989 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1134936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Termite symbionts are well known for conferring a myriad of benefits to their hosts. Bacterial symbionts are repeatedly associated with increased fitness, nutritional supplementation, pathogen protection, and proper development across insect taxa. In addition, several recent studies link bacterial symbionts to reduced insecticide efficacy. This has important implications both in pest control management and environmental bioremediation efforts. Insects' guts may be a valuable resource for microbes with broad application given their unique niches and metabolic diversity. Though insecticide resistance in termites is considered unlikely due to their life history, the close association of termites with a multitude of bacteria raises the question: is there potential for symbiont-mediated pesticide tolerance in termites? Methods and results: We identified a candidate that could grow in minimal medium containing formulated pesticide. This bacterial isolate was then subjected to continuous culture and subsequently demonstrated improved performance in the presence of pesticide. Isolates subjected to continuous culture were then grown at a range of concentrations from 1-10X the formulation rate. After constant exposure for several generations, isolates grew significantly better. Conclusion: Here we demonstrate that naïve insect hosts can harbor symbionts with inherent insecticide tolerance capable of rapid adaptation to increasing insecticide concentrations overtime. This has broad implications for both pest control and environmental cleanup of residual pesticides.
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11
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Zhu Q, Li F, Shu Q, Feng P, Wang Y, Dai M, Mao T, Sun H, Wei J, Li B. Disruption of peritrophic matrix chitin metabolism and gut immune by chlorantraniliprole results in pathogenic bacterial infection in Bombyx mori. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:105430. [PMID: 37248008 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chlorantraniliprole (CAP) is widely used in pest control, and its environmental residues affect the disease resistance of non-target insect silkworms. Studies have demonstrated that changes in gut microbial communities of insects are associated with susceptibility to pathogens. In the present study, we examined the effects of CAP exposure on the immune system and gut microbial community structure of silkworms. The results showed that after 96 h of exposure to low-concentration CAP, the peritrophic matrix (PM) of silkworm larvae was disrupted, and pathogenic bacteria invaded hemolymph. The trehalase activity in the midgut was significantly decreased, while the activities of chitinase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, and chitin deacetylase were increased considerably, resulting in decreased chitin content in PM. In addition, exposure to CAP reduced the expressions of key genes in the Toll, IMD, and JAK/STAT pathways, ultimately leading to the downregulation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) genes and alterations in the structure of the gut microbial community. Therefore, after infection with the conditional pathogen Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae), CAP-exposed individuals exhibited significantly lower body weight and higher mortality. These findings showed that exposure to low-concentration CAP impacted the biological defense system of silkworms, changed the gut microbial community structure, and increased silkworms' susceptibility to bacterial diseases. Collectively, these findings provided a new perspective for the safety evaluation of low-concentration CAP exposure in sericulture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Fanchi Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Qilong Shu
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Piao Feng
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Yuanfei Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Minli Dai
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Tingting Mao
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Haina Sun
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Jing Wei
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
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12
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Zhang Z, Meng M, Wu Q, Kim JH, Zhu Y. Biodegradation and metabolic pathway of quinalphos by Cunninghamella elegans ATCC36112. Biotechnol Lett 2023:10.1007/s10529-023-03393-9. [PMID: 37195489 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Quinalphos is a long-term, wide-spectrum organophosphate insecticide with residual problems in the natural environment. Cunninghamella elegans (C. elegans) is a member of Mucoromycotina. Since the degradation products of its exogenous compounds are similar to those of mammals, it is often used to simulate the metabolism pathways of mammals. In this study, the detailed metabolic pathways of quinalphos were investigated with C. elegans. Quinalphos was degraded by 92% in 7 days, while ten metabolites were produced. The metabolites were analyzed and identified by GC-MS. To determine the responsible enzymes in quinalphos metabolism, piperonyl butoxide (PB) and methimazole included in the culture flasks, and the kinetic responses of quinalphos and its metabolites by C. elegans were measured. Results indirectly demonstrated that cytochrome P450 monooxygenases were involved in the metabolism of quinalphos, but that methimazole inhibited the metabolism less efficiently. Comprehensive metabolic pathways can be deduced from the detailed analysis of metabolite profiles in control and inhibitor assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Zhang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road, Chengyang, Qingdao, 266-109, Shandong, China
| | - Min Meng
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road, Chengyang, Qingdao, 266-109, Shandong, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road, Chengyang, Qingdao, 266-109, Shandong, China
| | - Jeong-Han Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Silim-dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongzhe Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road, Chengyang, Qingdao, 266-109, Shandong, China.
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13
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Identification of two possible metabolic pathways responsible for the biodegradation of 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol in Micrococcus luteus ML. Biodegradation 2023; 34:371-381. [PMID: 36879077 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
3, 5, 6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) is a metabolite of the insecticide chlorpyrifos and the herbicide triclopyr, and it is higher toxic than the parent compounds. Microbially-mediated mineralization appears to be the primary degradative pathway and the important biological process of detoxification. However, little information is available on TCP complete metabolic pathways and mechanisms. In this study, the degradation of TCP was studied with a novel strain Micrococcus luteus ML isolated from a stable TCP degrading microbiota. Strain ML was capable of degrading 61.6% of TCP (50 mg/L) and 35.4% of chlorpyrifos (50 mg/L) at 24 h and 48 h under the optimal conditions (temperature: 35 °C; pH: 7.0), respectively. It could also degrade 3, 5-dichloro-2-pyridone, 6-chloropyridin-2-ol, 2-hydroxypyridine and phoxim when provided as sole carbon and energy sources. Seven TCP intermediate metabolites were detected in strain ML and two possible degradation pathways of TCP were proposed on the basis of LC-MS analysis. Both the hydrolytic-oxidative dechlorination pathway and the denitrification pathway might be involved in TCP biodegradation by strain ML. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on two different pathways responsible for TCP degradation in one strain, and this finding also provides novel information for studying the metabolic mechanism of TCP in pure culture.
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14
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Bhatt D, Srivastava A, Srivastava PC, Sharma A. Evaluation of three novel soil bacterial strains for efficient biodegradation of persistent boscalid fungicide: Kinetics and identification of microbial biodegradation intermediates. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120484. [PMID: 36306882 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Boscalid, a new fungicide of anilide group, is intended to prevent and treat grey mould (Botrytis cinerea), primarily in vines and other fruit plants. In many regions, its long half-life in soil and water poses a serious environmental threat. Boscalid is reported to be toxic to a variety of aquatic organisms. One of the best ways to lessen the amount of boscalid that gets into surface and ground waters is to reduce its concentration in soil. Soil microbes are crucial for the degradation of organic pollutants including pesticides. The present study reports the assessment of three novel soil bacterial strains isolated from pesticide-contaminated soil of Crop research centre, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India, which possess boscalid degradation ability. Two of these bacterial isolates could degrade boscalid up to 85-95% within 36 h of incubation period under shaking conditions in the minimal medium. The growth pattern of degrading bacterial isolates was monitored by recording the optical density (OD) of bacterial suspension using an ultra violet (UV)-visible spectrophotometer, whereas the concentration of primary boscalid was recorded by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-UV). A linear relationship was observed between the bacterial growth and the decrease in the residual concentration of boscalid. The concentration of boscalid during incubation with different bacterial strains could be best predicted by a second-order polynomial relationship with time and OD of the suspension as independent variables. Three degradation intermediates of boscalid namely, N-(1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide (C18H14N2O, N-{[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl}-2-chloropyridine-3-carboxamide (C18H13N2OCl), and N-{[4'-chloro-1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl}-2-chloropyridine ({C17H11NCl2}OH) were identified by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of biodegraded samples. The biodegradation of boscalid through bacterial isolates seemed to be an economical and eco-friendly method for degrading a highly persistent boscalid fungicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Bhatt
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, India
| | - Anjana Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, India.
| | - P C Srivastava
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, India
| | - Anita Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, US Nagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
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15
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Haque MA, Hossain MS, Ahmad I, Akbor MA, Rahman A, Manir MS, Patel HM, Cho KM. Unveiling chlorpyrifos mineralizing and tomato plant-growth activities of Enterobacter sp. strain HSTU-ASh6 using biochemical tests, field experiments, genomics, and in silico analyses. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1060554. [PMID: 36523825 PMCID: PMC9745158 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1060554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The chlorpyrifos-mineralizing rice root endophyte Enterobacter sp. HSTU-ASh6 strain was identified, which enormously enhanced the growth of tomato plant under epiphytic conditions. The strain solubilizes phosphate and grew in nitrogen-free Jensen's medium. It secreted indole acetic acid (IAA; 4.8 mg/mL) and ACC deaminase (0.0076 μg/mL/h) and hydrolyzed chlorpyrifos phosphodiester bonds into 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and diethyl methyl-monophosphate, which was confirmed by Gas Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis. In vitro and in silico (ANI, DDH, housekeeping genes and whole genome phylogenetic tree, and genome comparison) analyses confirmed that the strain belonged to a new species of Enterobacter. The annotated genome of strain HSTU-ASh6 revealed a sets of nitrogen-fixing, siderophore, acdS, and IAA producing, stress tolerance, phosphate metabolizing, and pesticide-degrading genes. The 3D structure of 28 potential model proteins that can degrade pesticides was validated, and virtual screening using 105 different pesticides revealed that the proteins exhibit strong catalytic interaction with organophosphorus pesticides. Selected docked complexes such as α/β hydrolase-crotoxyphos, carboxylesterase-coumaphos, α/β hydrolase-cypermethrin, α/β hydrolase-diazinon, and amidohydrolase-chlorpyrifos meet their catalytic triads in visualization, which showed stability in molecular dynamics simulation up to 100 ns. The foliar application of Enterobacter sp. strain HSTU-ASh6 on tomato plants significantly improved their growth and development at vegetative and reproductive stages in fields, resulting in fresh weight and dry weight was 1.8-2.0-fold and 1.3-1.6-fold higher in where urea application was cut by 70%, respectively. Therefore, the newly discovered chlorpyrifos-degrading species Enterobacter sp. HSTU-ASh6 could be used as a smart biofertilizer component for sustainable tomato cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Azizul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shohorab Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Md. Ahedul Akbor
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Services, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aminur Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Serajum Manir
- Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Harun M. Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Kye Man Cho
- Department of GreenBio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
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16
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Singh Y, Saxena MK. Insights into the recent advances in nano-bioremediation of pesticides from the contaminated soil. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:982611. [PMID: 36338076 PMCID: PMC9626991 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.982611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present scenario, the uncontrolled and irrational use of pesticides is affecting the environment, agriculture and livelihood worldwide. The excessive application of pesticides for better production of crops and to maintain sufficient food production is leading to cause many serious environmental issues such as soil pollution, water pollution and also affecting the food chain. The efficient management of pesticide use and remediation of pesticide-contaminated soil is one of the most significant challenges to overcome. The efficiency of the current methods of biodegradation of pesticides using different microbes and enzymes depends on the various physical and chemical conditions of the soil and they have certain limitations. Hence, a novel strategy is the need of the hour to safeguard the ecosystem from the serious environmental hazard. In recent years, the application of nanomaterials has drawn attention in many areas due to their unique properties of small size and increased surface area. Nanotechnology is considered to be a promising and effective technology in various bioremediation processes and provides many significant benefits for improving the environmental technologies using nanomaterials with efficient performance. The present article focuses on and discusses the role, application and importance of nano-bioremediation of pesticides and toxic pollutants to explore the potential of nanomaterials in the bioremediation of hazardous compounds from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mumtesh Kumar Saxena
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
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17
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Mehmet Bektas, Orhan F, Baris O. Isolation of Biological Control Agents and Biotechnological Bacteria from Aquatic Insect Gut Microbiota (Coleoptera: Helophoridae, Hydrophilidae). BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022060036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Bacterial inoculants as effective agents in minimizing the non-target impact of azadirachtin pesticide and promoting plant growth of Vigna radiata. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:555. [PMID: 35962834 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microbes regulate soil health by negating ecological disturbances, and improve plant productivity in a sustainable manner. Indiscriminate application of pesticides creates a detrimental impact on the rhizospheric microbiota, thereby affecting soil health. Azadirachtin, earlier believed to be an environment-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides, exhibits a non-target impact on microbial communities. This study aimed to employ potent bacteria to promote the growth of mungbean plant (Vigna radiata), and mitigate the non-target impact of azadirachtin. Bacterial strains were isolated by enrichment from mungbean rhizosphere. A plant growth experiment was performed with mungbean, amended with azadirachtin to assess the impact of bacterial bioinoculants on the rhizospheric microbiota. The impact of azadirachtin on rhizospheric bacterial community was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by 16S rRNA PCR-DGGE and qPCR of various markers, respectively. Residual concentration of azadirachtin in the soil was estimated by HPLC. The bacterial inoculants used in combination significantly promoted plant growth and enhanced the diversity and abundance of total bacterial community in the presence of azadirachtin. Further, the abundance of specific bacterial groups (α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Firmicutes) were significantly boosted. Compared to the control, the isolates significantly facilitated the reduction in residual concentration of azadirachtin in the mungbean rhizosphere. Bacterial inoculants can serve a tripartite role in reducing the stress imparted by botanical pesticides, together with promoting plant growth and enriching the rhizospheric bacterial community structure.
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19
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Microbial Remediation: A Promising Tool for Reclamation of Contaminated Sites with Special Emphasis on Heavy Metal and Pesticide Pollution: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10071358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal and pesticide pollution have become an inevitable part of the modern industrialized environment that find their way into all ecosystems. Because of their persistent nature, recalcitrance, high toxicity and biological enrichment, metal and pesticide pollution has threatened the stability of the environment as well as the health of living beings. Due to the environmental persistence of heavy metals and pesticides, they get accumulated in the environs and consequently lead to food chain contamination. Therefore, remediation of heavy metals and pesticide contaminations needs to be addressed as a high priority. Various physico-chemical approaches have been employed for this purpose, but they have significant drawbacks such as high expenses, high labor, alteration in soil properties, disruption of native soil microflora and generation of toxic by-products. Researchers worldwide are focusing on bioremediation strategies to overcome this multifaceted problem, i.e., the removal, immobilization and detoxification of pesticides and heavy metals, in the most efficient and cost-effective ways. For a period of millions of evolutionary years, microorganisms have become resistant to intoxicants and have developed the capability to remediate heavy metal ions and pesticides, and as a result, they have helped in the restoration of the natural state of degraded environs with long term environmental benefits. Keeping in view the environmental and health concerns imposed by heavy metals and pesticides in our society, we aimed to present a generalized picture of the bioremediation capacity of microorganisms. We explore the use of bacteria, fungi, algae and genetically engineered microbes for the remediation of both metals and pesticides. This review summarizes the major detoxification pathways and bioremediation technologies; in addition to that, a brief account is given of molecular approaches such as systemic biology, gene editing and omics that have enhanced the bioremediation process and widened its microbiological techniques toward the remediation of heavy metals and pesticides.
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20
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Malla MA, Dubey A, Raj A, Kumar A, Upadhyay N, Yadav S. Emerging frontiers in microbe-mediated pesticide remediation: Unveiling role of omics and In silico approaches in engineered environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 299:118851. [PMID: 35085655 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of pesticides for augmenting agriculture productivity always comes at the cost of environment, biodiversity, and human health and has put the land, water, and environmental footprints under severe threat throughout the globe. Underpinning and maximizing the microbiome functions in pesticide-contaminated environments has become a prerequisite for a sustainable environment and resilient agriculture. It is imperative to elucidate the metabolic network of the microbial communities and environmental variables at the contaminated site to predict the best strategy for remediation and soil microbe-pesticide interactions. High throughput next-generation sequencing and in silico analysis allow us to identify and discern the members and characteristics of core microbiomes at the contaminated site. Integration of modern high throughput multi-omics investigations and informatics pipelines provide novel approaches and pathways to capitalize on the core microbiomes for enhancing environmental functioning and mitigation. The role of eco-genomics tools in visualising the microbial network, taxonomy, functional potential, and environmental variables in contaminated habitats is discussed in this review. The integrated role of the potential microbe identification as individual or consortia, mechanistic approach for pesticide degradation, identification of responsible enzymes/genes, and in silico approach is emphasized for the prospects of the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneer Ahmad Malla
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India; Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India
| | - Anamika Dubey
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India
| | - Aman Raj
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India.
| | - Niraj Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India
| | - Shweta Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Central University), Sagar, 470003, MP, India
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21
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Lourthuraj AA, Hatshan MR, Hussein DS. Biocatalytic degradation of organophosphate pesticide from the wastewater and hydrolytic enzyme properties of consortium isolated from the pesticide contaminated water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112553. [PMID: 34902381 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The indiscriminate application of various pesticides leads to toxicity to the humans, animals, fishes and threatens the environment and ecosystem. The present study was aimed to investigate pesticide degrading bacteria from the pesticide contaminated sample and to localize organophophate hydrolase activity from the bacteria. Sediment sample was selected as the source of microorganism for the degradation of chlorpyrifos. Enterobacter aerogenes CP2 and Streptococcus pyogenes CP11 isolated from the contaminated sample removed 77 ± 1.8%, 74.2 ± 3.1 chlorpyrifos. These strains have the potential to utilize pesticide as the source of carbon and energy. The pesticides inoculated with both CP 2 and CP 11 enhanced biodegradation of chlorpyrifos at optimized condition. E. aerogenes CP2 and S. pyogenes CP11 produced organophosphate hydrolase activity and localized enzyme biosynthesis. Organophosphate hydrolase activity was high in intracellular, followed by outer membrane and extracellular sample for both bacteria. The treated wastewater has no impact on the seed germination indicated normal cell division, cell elongation and indole-3 acetic acid synthesis. The strain CP2 has the rapid rate of organophosphate degradation among Enterobacter species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amala Lourthuraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak College (Autonomous), Velachery, Chennai, 600042, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mohammad Rafe Hatshan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina S Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Health, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, USA
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22
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Boregowda N, Jogigowda SC, Bhavya G, Sunilkumar CR, Geetha N, Udikeri SS, Chowdappa S, Govarthanan M, Jogaiah S. Recent advances in nanoremediation: Carving sustainable solution to clean-up polluted agriculture soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 297:118728. [PMID: 34974084 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is one of the foremost significant human activities, which symbolizes the key source for food, fuel and fibers. This activity results in a lot of ecological harms particularly with the excessive usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Different agricultural practices have remained industrialized to advance food production, due to the growth in the world population and to meet the food demand through the routine use of more effective fertilizers and pesticides. Soil is intensely embellished by environmental contamination and it can be stated as "universal incline." Soil pollution usually occurs from sewage wastes, accidental discharges or as byproducts of chemical residues of unrestrained production of numerous materials. Soil pollution with hazardous materials alters the physical, chemical, and biological properties, causing undesirable changes in soil fertility and ecosystem. Engineered nanomaterials offer various solutions for remediation of contaminated soils. Engineered nanomaterial-enable technologies are able to prevent the uncontrolled release of harmful materials into the environment along with capabilities to combat soil and groundwater borne pollutants. Currently, nanobiotechnology signifies a hopeful attitude to advance agronomic production and remediate polluted soils. Studies have outlined the way of nanomaterial applications to restore the eminence of the environment and assist the detection of polluted sites, along with potential remedies. This review focuses on the latest developments in agricultural nanobiotechnology and the tools developed to combat soil or land and or terrestrial pollution, as well as the benefits of using these tools to increase soil fertility and reduce potential toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Boregowda
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, DOS in Biotechnology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570 006, India
| | - Sanjay C Jogigowda
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, JSS Dental College & Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, 570015, India
| | - Gurulingaiah Bhavya
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, DOS in Biotechnology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570 006, India
| | - Channarayapatna Ramesh Sunilkumar
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, DOS in Biotechnology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570 006, India; Global Association of Scientific Young Minds, GASYM, Mysuru, India
| | - Nagaraja Geetha
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, DOS in Biotechnology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570 006, India
| | - Shashikant Shiddappa Udikeri
- Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad Farm, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 580005, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivas Chowdappa
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, 560 056, Karnataka, India
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Sudisha Jogaiah
- Laboratory of Plant Healthcare and Diagnostics, PG Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, India.
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Asamba MN, Mugendi EN, Oshule PS, Essuman S, Chimbevo LM, Atego NA. Molecular characterization of chlorpyrifos degrading bacteria isolated from contaminated dairy farm soils in Nakuru County, Kenya. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09176. [PMID: 35846483 PMCID: PMC9280583 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is an organophosphate widely used as an insecticide and acaricide. Extensive application of CP contaminates ecosystems, polluting the environment and food products, creating health complications to humans due to its neurotoxicity. The study evaluated CP bioremediation by bacteria isolated from dairy farm soils in Nakuru County, Kenya, through enrichment culture technique. The growth response of the bacteria and degradation of chlorpyrifos was monitored every five days using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer (600nm). Enrichment culture technique led to the isolation of eighteen (MA1-MA18) potential CP degraders belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus, Alicaligenes, and Achromobacter. The efficacy of four (4) strains was further investigated using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results showed that all four strains significantly degraded chlorpyrifos in Minimum Salt Medium (MSM): Lysinibacillus sp.HBUM206408 (87.16 %), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (82.04 %), Pseudomonas putida (89.52 %), and Achromobacter insuavis (91.08 %) within 16 days, producing 2-Hydroxy-3, 5, 6-trichloropyridine (TCP) as the main metabolite. Therefore, these strains can be used to degrade chlorpyrifos in contaminated soil. There is a need for further studies to determine the possible mechanisms and other metabolites of chlorpyrifos degradation by the isolates obtained in the study. Besides, future studies should explore the efficacy and survival of the organisms in the contaminated environment.
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Asamba MN, Mugendi EN, Oshule PS, Essuman S, Chimbevo LM, Atego NA. Molecular characterization of chlorpyrifos degrading bacteria isolated from contaminated dairy farm soils in Nakuru County, Kenya. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09176. [PMID: 35846483 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3940828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is an organophosphate widely used as an insecticide and acaricide. Extensive application of CP contaminates ecosystems, polluting the environment and food products, creating health complications to humans due to its neurotoxicity. The study evaluated CP bioremediation by bacteria isolated from dairy farm soils in Nakuru County, Kenya, through enrichment culture technique. The growth response of the bacteria and degradation of chlorpyrifos was monitored every five days using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer (600nm). Enrichment culture technique led to the isolation of eighteen (MA1-MA18) potential CP degraders belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus, Alicaligenes, and Achromobacter. The efficacy of four (4) strains was further investigated using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results showed that all four strains significantly degraded chlorpyrifos in Minimum Salt Medium (MSM): Lysinibacillus sp.HBUM206408 (87.16 %), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (82.04 %), Pseudomonas putida (89.52 %), and Achromobacter insuavis (91.08 %) within 16 days, producing 2-Hydroxy-3, 5, 6-trichloropyridine (TCP) as the main metabolite. Therefore, these strains can be used to degrade chlorpyrifos in contaminated soil. There is a need for further studies to determine the possible mechanisms and other metabolites of chlorpyrifos degradation by the isolates obtained in the study. Besides, future studies should explore the efficacy and survival of the organisms in the contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah Nyabiba Asamba
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ezekiel Njeru Mugendi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Paul Sifuna Oshule
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
| | - Suliman Essuman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
| | - Lenny Mwagandi Chimbevo
- Department Pure and Applied Sciences, School of Applied and Health Sciences, Technical University of Mombasa, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - Norbert Adum Atego
- Department Pure and Applied Sciences, School of Applied and Health Sciences, Technical University of Mombasa, Mombasa, Kenya
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25
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Das SR, Haque MA, Akbor MA, Abdullah-Al-Mamun M, Debnath GC, Hossain MS, Hasan Z, Rahman A, Islam MA, Hossain MAA, Yesmin S, Nahar MNEN, Cho KM. Organophosphorus insecticides mineralizing endophytic and rhizospheric soil bacterial consortium influence eggplant growth-promotion. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:199. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Fu H, Tan P, Wang R, Li S, Liu H, Yang Y, Wu Z. Advances in organophosphorus pesticides pollution: Current status and challenges in ecotoxicological, sustainable agriculture, and degradation strategies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127494. [PMID: 34687999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are one of the most widely used types of pesticide that play an important role in the production process due to their effects on preventing pathogen infection and increasing yield. However, in the early development and application of OPPs, their toxicological effects and the issue of environmental pollution were not considered. With the long-term overuse of OPPs, their hazards to the ecological environment (including soil and water) and animal health have attracted increasing attention. Therefore, this review first clarified the classification, characteristics, applications of various OPPs, and the government's restriction requirements on various OPPs. Second, the toxicological effects and metabolic mechanisms of OPPs and their metabolites were introduced in organisms. Finally, the existing methods of degrading OPPs were summarized, and the challenges and further addressing strategy of OPPs in the sustainable development of agriculture, the environment, and ecology were prospected. However, methods to solve the environmental and ecological problems caused by OPPs from the three aspects of use source, use process, and degradation methods were proposed, which provided a theoretical basis for addressing the stability of the ecological environment and improving the structure of the pesticide industry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Renjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Senlin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Liu F, Bai J, Huang W, Li F, Ke W, Zhang Y, Xie D, Zhang B, Guo X. Characterization of a novel beta-cypermethrin-degrading strain of Lactobacillus pentosus 3-27 and its effects on bioremediation and the bacterial community of contaminated alfalfa silage. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127101. [PMID: 34488094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel beta-cypermethrin (beta-cyp)-degrading strain Lactobacillus pentosus 3-27 (LP3-27) was screened from beta-cyp-contaminated silage. The strain could degrade 96% of beta-cyp (50 mg/L) in MSM medium after 4 d of culture, while the strain lost its degradation ability when the beta-cyp concentration reached 250 mg/L. The effects of LP 3-27 on fermentation, bacterial community, and bioremediation of contaminated alfalfa silage at two dry matter (DM) contents were studied. The results showed that inoculation with LP3-27 not only degraded beta-cyp, but also improved the fermentation quality of alfalfa silage after 60 d of ensiling. Meanwhile, L. pentosus dominated the bacterial community during ensiling in LP3-27 inoculated silages, whereas Pediococcus acidilactici was the dominant species in the control silage. LP3-27 inoculation also simplified the bacterial interaction networks of ensiled alfalfa. Beta-cyp degradation was positively correlated with L. pentosus in LP- inoculated silages, which confirmed the function of beta-cyp degradation by L. pentosus. In addition, higher beta-cyp degradation was observed in silage with 35% versus 43% DM. In summary, strain LP3-27 could be used as a candidate inoculum for bioremediation of beta-cyp-contaminated silage and to produce safe silage for animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; Probiotics and Biological Feed Research Centre, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jie Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; Probiotics and Biological Feed Research Centre, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenkang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; Probiotics and Biological Feed Research Centre, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fuhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; Probiotics and Biological Feed Research Centre, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wencan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; Probiotics and Biological Feed Research Centre, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; Probiotics and Biological Feed Research Centre, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dongmei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; Probiotics and Biological Feed Research Centre, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Dingxi City, Dingxi 743000, China
| | - Xusheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; Probiotics and Biological Feed Research Centre, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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28
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Yasmin A, Ambreen S, Shabir S. Biotransformation of dimethoate into novel metabolites by bacterial isolate Pseudomonas kilonensis MB490. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2022; 57:13-22. [PMID: 34978268 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2021.2017723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial strain (Pseudomonas kilonensis MB490) isolated from agricultural fields of Mianwali, was selected to check its potential to degrade Organophosphate insecticide dimethoate (DM). Strain MB490 was able to degrade dimethoate equally well at given pH range (6.0, 7.0 and 8.0), thus showing its pH independence for dimethoate degradation. Optimum temperature for dimethoate degradation varied from 25-30 °C. There was more dimethoate degradation under shaking conditions with optimum growth. Strain MB490 showed 90% dimethoate degradation in M-9 broth and 90.6% in soil slurry, while exhibited 81.5% dimethoate degradation in soil microcosm within 9 days, based on HPLC analysis of bacterial samples supplemented with 200 mg/L dimethoate. The average half-life (t 1/2) of dimethoate after bacterial degradation ranged from 1.95 days in 1st phase to 5 days in 2nd phase in M-9 broth, soil slurry and soil microcosm, while in control media without bacteria, it ranged from 30 to 64.3 days. GCMS investigation revealed the transformation of dimethoate into 5 metabolic products namely Methyl diethanol amine, Aspartylglycine ethyl ester, Phosphonothioic acid propyl-O, S-dimethyl ester, O, O, O-Trimethyl thiophosphate and omethoate which were ultimately mineralized by the strain MB490, providing energy for its growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Yasmin
- Microbiology & Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Samina Ambreen
- Microbiology & Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Shabir
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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29
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Ge J, Fu W, Bai M, Zhang L, Guo B, Qiao Q, Tao R, Kou J. The degradation of residual pesticides and the quality of white clover silage are related to the types and initial concentrations of pesticides. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2021; 46:342-351. [PMID: 34908894 PMCID: PMC8640697 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d21-017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the degradation of different residual pesticides of white clover silage and their influence on silage quality, three commonly used orchard pesticides with different concentrations were added to the white clover and fermented for 90 days. The results showed that the degradation rate of cypermethrin and its toxic degradation product 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) was the highest after silage, at different concentrations, both were 100%. The degradation rate of Tebuconazole and chloropyridine was 72.47-80.27% and 47.76-64.82%, of which 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) content, poisonous toxic degradation product, increased 0.0525-0.253 mg·kg-1. The residues of beta-cypermethrin and tebuconazole had reached safety standards after silage. As compared with the control, the contents of lactic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid increased in the treated samples. The higher concentrations of three pesticides all significantly reduced the lactic acid content of silage (p<0.05). Pesticides had different effects on the nutritional components of white clover silage. Conclusively, silage is a potential way to expand the utilization of covering plants in orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhen Ge
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wenhui Fu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Magaweng Bai
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bolin Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qianluo Qiao
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Runyu Tao
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiancun Kou
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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30
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Bose S, Kumar PS, Vo DVN. A review on the microbial degradation of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite TCP. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131447. [PMID: 34467951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) falls under the category of organophosphorus pesticides which are in huge demand in the agricultural sector. Overuse of this pesticide has led to the degradation of the quality of terrestrial and aquatic life. The chemical is moderately persistent in the environment but its primary metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) is comparatively highly persistent. Thus, it is important to degrade the chemical and there are many proposed techniques of degradation. Out of which bioremediation is considered to be highly cost-effective and efficient. Many previous studies have attempted to isolate appropriate microbial strains to degrade CPF which established the fact that chlorine atoms released while mineralising TCP inhibits further proliferation of microorganisms. Thus, it has been increasingly important to experiment with strains that can simultaneously degrade both CPF and TCP. In this review paper, the need for degrading CPF specifically the problems related to it has been discussed elaborately. Alongside these, the metabolism pathways undertaken by different kinds of microorganisms have been included. This paper also gives a detailed insight into the potential strains of microorganisms which has been confirmed through experiments conducted previously. It can be concluded that a wide range of microorganisms has to be studied to understand the possibility of applying bioremediation in wastewater treatment to remove pesticide residues. In addition to this, in the case of recalcitrant pesticides, options of treating it with hybrid techniques like bioremediation clubbed with photocatalytic biodegradation can be attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchali Bose
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India.
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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31
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Wu X, Li J, Zhou Z, Lin Z, Pang S, Bhatt P, Mishra S, Chen S. Environmental Occurrence, Toxicity Concerns, and Degradation of Diazinon Using a Microbial System. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:717286. [PMID: 34790174 PMCID: PMC8591295 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.717286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Diazinon is an organophosphorus pesticide widely used to control cabbage insects, cotton aphids and underground pests. The continuous application of diazinon in agricultural activities has caused both ecological risk and biological hazards in the environment. Diazinon can be degraded via physical and chemical methods such as photocatalysis, adsorption and advanced oxidation. The microbial degradation of diazinon is found to be more effective than physicochemical methods for its complete clean-up from contaminated soil and water environments. The microbial strains belonging to Ochrobactrum sp., Stenotrophomonas sp., Lactobacillus brevis, Serratia marcescens, Aspergillus niger, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Rhodotorula rubra were found to be very promising for the ecofriendly removal of diazinon. The degradation pathways of diazinon and the fate of several metabolites were investigated. In addition, a variety of diazinon-degrading enzymes, such as hydrolase, acid phosphatase, laccase, cytochrome P450, and flavin monooxygenase were also discovered to play a crucial role in the biodegradation of diazinon. However, many unanswered questions still exist regarding the environmental fate and degradation mechanisms of this pesticide. The catalytic mechanisms responsible for enzymatic degradation remain unexplained, and ecotechnological techniques need to be applied to gain a comprehensive understanding of these issues. Hence, this review article provides in-depth information about the impact and toxicity of diazinon in living systems and discusses the developed ecotechnological remedial methods used for the effective biodegradation of diazinon in a contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziqiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shimei Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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32
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Ma YN, Ni YX, Cao ZY, Pan JY, Tuwang MC, Yang H, Chen MX, Mou RX. Chemistry-specific responses due to rice-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere to counteract mefenacet stress. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 179:104970. [PMID: 34802520 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of herbicides has raised considerable concern with regard to their harmful consequences on plant growth, crop yield and the soil ecological environment. It has been well documented that colonization of rhizobacteria in the plant root system has a positive effect on activation of plant defenses to protect the plant from damage. Using the platform of high-throughput analysis with tandem mass spectrometry and Illumina sequencing, we identified the specific activated rhizobacteria, the key growth stimulating substances and the metabolic pathways involved in seedling stage tolerance to mefenacet stress in rice. The relative abundance of beneficial rhizospheremicrobes such as Acidobacteria and Firmicutes increased with mefenacet treatment, indicating that the rhizosphere recruited some beneficial microbes to resist mefenacet stress. Mefenacet treatment induced alterations in several interlinked metabolic pathways, many of which were related to activation of defense response signaling, especially the indole-3-pyruvate pathway. Indole-3-acetaldehyde and indole-3-ethanol from this pathway may act as flexible storage pools for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Our findings also suggest that a significant increase of IAA produced by the enrichment of beneficial rhizospheremicrobes, for example genus Bacillus, alleviated the dwarfing phenomenon observed in hydroponic medium following mefenacet exposure, which may be a key signaling molecule primarily for phytostimulation and phytotolerance in microbe-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ning Ma
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yan-Xia Ni
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zhao-Yun Cao
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jiu-Yue Pan
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Man-Cuo Tuwang
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Huan Yang
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ming-Xue Chen
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ren-Xiang Mou
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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33
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GCMS and FTIR spectral analysis of aqueous methylparathion biotransformation by the microbial mpd strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Fusarium spp. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5763-5782. [PMID: 34510232 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to find out the effective biotreatment processes of aqueous methyl parathion in stipulations of its biotransformation by potential indigenous mpd strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Fusarium spp. Microbial biotransformation study of methyl parathion in contaminated synthetic wastewater at optimum conditions by P. aeruginosa mpd-5 (at temperature 33 °C, pH 7, under the aerobic condition with inoculum density of 108cells/mL) and by Fusarium spp mpd-1 (at temperature 30 °C, pH 7, under the aerobic condition with inoculum density of 25 mgL-1 dry biomass) was carried out. The major biodegradation compounds formed during the biotreatment process were analyzed by spectral studies using GCMS and FTIR. GCMS analysis of bacterial transformed compounds was p-nitrophenol, dimethylaminophenol, and glycyl-L-proline of 2-(3-methylpiperidino-4-5, 6-benzothiazin-4-one) and 2, 5-piperazinodione 3, 6-bis (2-methylpropyl). And the fungal transformed compounds were observed to be p-nitrophenol, phenol,2,4-Bis(1,1-Dimethylethyl), beta-L-arabinopyranoside-methyl, Cyclobutanethiol, 3-2(4)-thiophenone, dihydro-5-(1-methylethyl), Benzene,1,3-bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl), Butanoic acid, 2-methyl methyl ester, and L-(+)-Ascorbic acid. The FTIR spectra of the molecule and the products of methyl parathion are observed to be changed in structures. It can be concluded from the aforementioned results and discussions that P. aeruginosa mpd-5 and Fusarium spp mpd-1 can be used in the biotreatment of pesticide wastewater having the high methyl parathion concentration and is possible by the indigenous microbial strains; they utilize as phosphate and carbon source of energy. Hence the strains can be used as a whole microbial cell, or its bioactive metabolites can be applied for the biotreatment of pesticide wastewater and potentially degrade methylparathion.
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Zhu L, Zhang Y, Cui X, Zhu Y, Dai Q, Chen H, Liu G, Yao R, Yang Z. Host Bias in Diet-Source Microbiome Transmission in Wild Cohabitating Herbivores: New Knowledge for the Evolution of Herbivory and Plant Defense. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0075621. [PMID: 34406815 PMCID: PMC8552726 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00756-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It is commonly understood that dietary nutrition will influence the composition and function of the animal gut microbiome. However, the transmission of organisms from the diet-source microbiome to the animal gut microbiome in the natural environment remains poorly understood, and elucidating this process may help in understanding the evolution of herbivores and plant defenses. Here, we investigated diet-source microbiome transmission across a range of herbivores (insects and mammals) living in both captive and wild environments. We discovered a host bias among cohabitating herbivores (leaf-eating insects and deer), where a significant portion of the herbivorous insect gut microbiome may originate from the diet, while in deer, only a tiny fraction of the gut microbiome is of dietary origin. We speculated that the putative difference in the oxygenation level in the host digestion systems would lead to these host biases in plant-source (diet) microbiome transmission due to the oxygenation living condition of the dietary plant's symbiotic microbiome. IMPORTANCE We discovered a host bias among cohabitating herbivores (leaf-eating insects and deer), where a significant portion of the herbivorous insect gut microbiome may originate from the diet, while in deer, only a tiny fraction of the gut microbiome is of dietary origin. We speculated that the putative difference in the oxygenation level in the host digestion systems would lead to these host biases in plant-source (diet) microbiome transmission due to the oxygenation living condition of the dietary plant's symbiotic microbiome. This study shed new light on the coevolution of herbivory and plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Norma University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongyong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Norma University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyuan Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Norma University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yudong Zhu
- Sichuan Liziping National Nature Reserve, Shimian, China
- Shimian Research Center of Giant Panda Small Population Conservation and Rejuvenation, Shimian, China
| | - Qinlong Dai
- Sichuan Liziping National Nature Reserve, Shimian, China
- Shimian Research Center of Giant Panda Small Population Conservation and Rejuvenation, Shimian, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Mingke Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqi Liu
- Mingke Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Ran Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Norma University, Nanjing, China
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Espinosa-Ortiz EJ, Rene ER, Gerlach R. Potential use of fungal-bacterial co-cultures for the removal of organic pollutants. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:361-383. [PMID: 34325585 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1940831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungi and bacteria coexist in a wide variety of natural and artificial environments which can lead to their association and interaction - ranging from antagonism to cooperation - that can affect the survival, colonization, spatial distribution and stress resistance of the interacting partners. The use of polymicrobial cultivation approaches has facilitated a more thorough understanding of microbial dynamics in mixed microbial communities, such as those composed of fungi and bacteria, and their influence on ecosystem functions. Mixed (multi-domain) microbial communities exhibit unique associations and interactions that could result in more efficient systems for the degradation and removal of organic pollutants. Several previous studies have reported enhanced biodegradation of certain pollutants when using combined fungal-bacterial treatments compared to pure cultures or communities of either fungi or bacteria (single domain systems). This article reviews: (i) the mechanisms of pollutant degradation that can occur in fungal-bacterial systems (e.g.: co-degradation, production of secondary metabolites, enhancement of degradative enzyme production, and transport of bacteria by fungal mycelia); (ii) case studies using fungal-bacterial co-cultures for the removal of various organic pollutants (synthetic dyes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, and other trace or volatile organic compounds) in different environmental matrices (e.g. water, gas/vapors, soil); (iii) the key aspects of engineering artificial fungal-bacterial co-cultures, and (iv) the current challenges and future perspectives of using fungal-bacterial co-cultures for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J Espinosa-Ortiz
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, 2601DA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Gerlach
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
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Chlorpyrifos degradation using binary fungal strains isolated from industrial waste soil. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Degradation studies of pendimethalin by indigenous soil bacterium Pseudomonas strain PD1 using spectrophotometric scanning and FTIR. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4499-4507. [PMID: 34146112 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study pendimethalin degrading indigenous soil bacterium was isolated from rice field (supplemented with pendimethalin) and identified as, Pseudomonas strain PD1 on the basis of 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis. Biodegradation of pendimethalin by this strain was evaluated by spectrophotometric scanning and FTIR analysis of degraded compounds in minimal salt media. Decrease in concentration of pendimethalin at λmax (430 nm) under spectrophotometric scanning is a measurement of time taken by bacterium strain PD1 to degrade pendimethalin. Degraded products were further analyzed by comparing stretching and bending pattern of chemical groups attached to compounds using FTIR spectroscopy. FTIR profile represented disappearance of nitrate group in degraded product by bacterium strain PD1 in minimal salt medium. Molecular docking of pendimethalin on nitro-reductase was done to suggest first enzyme of pathway used by bacterium strain PD1 to degrade pendimethalin. Analysis on degradation by strain PD1 shows that newly isolated strain PD1 can degrade 77.05% of pendimethalin at 50 mgL-1 concentration in 30 h incubation under room temperature. Thus, the study here shed a light on degradation potential of Pseudomonas.
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Jia W, Ye Q, Shen D, Yu K, Zheng Y, Liu M, Jiang J, Wang W. Enhanced mineralization of chlorpyrifos bound residues in soil through inoculation of two synergistic degrading strains. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 412:125116. [PMID: 33540267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioaugmentation methods are frequently employed for pesticide pollution remediation; however, it is not clear whether the introduced bacteria affect the pesticide bound residue (BRs) composition and whether the BRs can be catabolized by the introduced strains. This study aimed at answering these questions by using 14C-chlorpyrifos (14C-CPF) and two CPF-degrading strains (Pseudomonas sp. DSP-1 and Cupriavidus sp. P2). The results showed that the BRs can be up to 83.0%, and that the CPF-BRs formed can be further transformed into 14CO2 by the strains. Indeed, the microbial inoculation can increase the CPF mineralization by 1.0-22.1 times and can decrease the BRs by up to ~50% of the control (on day 20). Compared with the control without bioaugmentation, microbial inoculation enhanced the release of BRs by 2.2-18.0 times. Adding biochar to the soil can greatly inhibit CPF mineralization and maintain the BR content at a relatively stable level. The CPF residue can affect the composition of the indigenous soil microbial community, but the introduction of bacteria for remediation did not have a significant effect. The results indicate that Pseudomonas sp. DSP-1 and Cupriavidus sp. P2 are useful for remediating both CPF extractable and bound residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Jia
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dahang Shen
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kaixiang Yu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yaoying Zheng
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mengdi Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Varghese EM, P. A, M. S. J. Strategies in microbial degradation enhancement of chlorpyrifos – a review based on the primary approaches in soil bioremediation. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2021.1939693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aswani P.
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India
| | - Jisha M. S.
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India
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Molecular Diversity of Chlorpyrifos Degrading Bacteria Isolated from Apple Orchard Soils of Himachal Pradesh. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.2.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of seventy-two bacterial isolates were obtained employing enrichment culture technique from apple orchard soils contaminated with chlorpyrifos. Pure cultures of bacterial isolates were obtained using streak plate method on mineral salt medium. Bacterial isolates were characterized on the basis of morphology, culture and biochemical properties. Six bacterial isolates exhibited high extracellular organophosphorus hydrolase activity along with high tolerance towards high concentrations of chlorpyrifos. Genomic DNA extraction from bacterial isolates was done with phenol/chloroform method. Molecular Diversity of six chlorpyrifos degrading bacterial isolates was done employing RAPD-PCR technique by using 25 decamer primers, where amplification was showed by only 20 primers. A total of 337 amplified bands and 64 unique bands ranging in size from 100 to 4900bps were produced after RAPD analysis. The similarity coefficient estimated by Jaccard’s coefficient for these bacterial isolates was found to range between 31 to 64 percent.
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Ibrahim S, Gupta RK, War AR, Hussain B, Kumar A, Sofi T, Noureldeen A, Darwish H. Degradation of chlorpyriphos and polyethylene by endosymbiotic bacteria from citrus mealybug. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3214-3224. [PMID: 34121858 PMCID: PMC8176133 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorpyriphos is one of the major organophosphorus pesticides used widely to control a range of insect pests across several crops. This insecticide is hazardous to the environment and toxic to mammals, thus, it is essential to remove the same from the environment. Similarly, use of polythene is also increasing day by day. Therefore, it is highly important to identify ways to degrade chlorpyriphos and other pesticides from the environment. We studied the degradation of chlorpyriphos and polyethylene by Citrus mealybug (Planococcus citri) bacterial endosymbionts such as Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas cereus, Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus subtilis. This investigation revealed that bacterial endosymbionts use the polythene as a source of carbon and solubilize them by their enzymatic machinery. The degradation of polyethylene by endosymbionts showed a significant reduction in weight of polyethylene sheet after 15, 30 and 45 days of treatment. The SEM images showed localized degradation of the polyethylene around the bacterial cells in the biofilm. Further, the tensile strength (percentage elongation) was significantly reduced after 45 days of incubation. The weight of paraffin wax showed significant reduction in B. cereus. A significant reduction in total amount of chlorpyriphos in soil was observed at an interval of 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment by the bacterial isolates. Among the bacteria, B. cereus and P. putida were found to be most effective. The results from this study show that endosymbionts can be significantly implicated in degrading chlorpyriphos and polyethylene from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Ibrahim
- Division of Entomology, SKUAST-J, Chatta-180009, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gupta
- Division of Entomology, SKUAST-J, Chatta-180009, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Abdul Rasheed War
- World Vegetable Center, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru-502324, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Barkat Hussain
- Division of Entomology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar Campus-190025, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Instrumentation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road-180001, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tariq Sofi
- Division of Plant Pathology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar-190025, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ahmad Noureldeen
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeer Darwish
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Farhan M, Ahmad M, Kanwal A, Butt ZA, Khan QF, Raza SA, Qayyum H, Wahid A. Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos using isolates from contaminated agricultural soil, its kinetic studies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10320. [PMID: 33990630 PMCID: PMC8121937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive pesticides use is negatively disturbing the environment and humans. Pesticide bioremediation with eco-friendly techniques bears prime importance. This study evaluates the bioremediation of chlorpyrifos in soil using indigenous Bacillus cereus Ct3, isolated from cotton growing soils. Strains were identified through ribotyping (16s rRNA) by Macrogen (Macrogen Inc. Geumchen-gu, South Korea). Bacillus cereus Ct3 was resistant up to 125 mg L−1 of chlorpyrifos and successfully degraded 88% of chlorpyfifos in 8 days at pH 8. Bacillus cereus Ct3 tolerated about 30–40 °C of temperature, this is a good sign for in situ bioremediation. Green compost, farmyard manure and rice husk were tested, where ANOVA (P < 0.05) and Plackett–Burman design, results indicated that the farm yard manure has significant impact on degradation. It reduced the lag phase and brought maximum degradation up to 88%. Inoculum size is a statistically significant (P < 0.05) factor and below 106 (CFU g−1) show lag phase of 4–6 days. Michaelis–Menten model results were as follows; R2 = 0.9919, Vmax = 18.8, Ks = 121.4 and Vmax/Ks = 0.1546. GC–MS study revealed that chlorpyrifos first converted into diethylthiophosphoric acid and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP). Later, TCP ring was broken and it was completely mineralized without any toxic byproduct. Plackett–Burman design was employed to investigate the effect of five factors. The correlation coefficient (R2) between experimental and predicted value is 0.94. Central composite design (CBD) was employed with design matrix of thirty one predicted and experimental values of chlorpyrifos degradation, having “lack of fit P value” of “0.00”. The regression coefficient obtained was R2 = 0.93 which indicate that the experimental vales and the predicted values are closely fitted. The most significant factors highlighted in CBD/ANOVA and surface response plots were chlorpyrifor concentration and inoculum size. Bacillus cereus Ct3 effectively degraded chlorpyrifos and can successfully be used for bioremediation of chlorpyrifos contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farhan
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Maqsood Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baluchistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Amina Kanwal
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Ali Butt
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Farid Khan
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ali Raza
- Directorate of Land Reclamation, Irrigation Department, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Haleema Qayyum
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahid
- Department of Environmental Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Hamoud NEH, Sifour M. Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos by a Weissella confusa strain and evaluation of some probiotic traits. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:3615-3621. [PMID: 33978770 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides play an important role in agriculture; however, their excessive use causes several problems such as pollution of ecosystems and risks to human health. The presence of microorganisms able to degrade these pollutants can reduce their negative effect. The objective of this study was to test the capacity of Weissella confusa Lb.Con to tolerate or to degrade the chlorpyrifos pesticide. The results showed the capacity of the strain to tolerate a concentration of 200 μg/ml of chlorpyrifos. The strain Lb.Con has a remarkable capacity to grow in glucose-free MRS medium which contains different concentrations of chlorpyrifos. HPLC analysis showed that this strain was able to remove about 25% of chlorpyrifos. The evaluation of some probiotic properties showed that the strain Lb.Con had a remarkable resistance to the gastrointestinal conditions and a good antibacterial activity towards the pathogenic bacteria. The probiotic potential was evaluated to verify the possible use of W. confusa Lb.Con to detoxify harmful chlorpyrifos contained in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour-El-Houda Hamoud
- Department of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Mohamed Seddik Benyahia of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria.
| | - Mohamed Sifour
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Mohamed Seddik Benyahia of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria
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Yadav S, Khan MA, Sharma R, Malik A, Sharma S. Potential of formulated Dyadobacter jiangsuensis strain 12851 for enhanced bioremediation of chlorpyrifos contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112039. [PMID: 33636469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (O, O-diethyl O-3, 5, 6-trichloropyridin-2-yl phosphorothioate) is a toxic and chlorinated organic contaminant in soils across the globe. The present study examines the chlorpyrifos (CP) degrading potential of gram-negative bacterium Dyadobacter jiangsuensis (MTCC 12851), to be a promising and sustainable remedial approach. The proliferation of D. jiangsuensis in the chlorpyrifos spiked minimal salt media indicated the ability of this strain to utilize CP as a sole carbon source and also confirmed the utilization of 3,5,6- trichloro-2-pyridinyl (TCP) through silver nitrate assay. The strain 12851 degraded 80.36% and 76.93% chlorpyrifos (CP) in aqueous medium and soil environment, respectively. The water dispersible granules (WDG) of 45% (v/w) inoculum (bacterial suspension) were developed using talcum powder, acacia gum and alginic acid as key ingredients. The formulated strain (12851) achieved 21.13% enhanced CP degradation in soil under microcosm condition as compared to the unformulated one on 15th day of the treatment. The intermediate metabolites namely 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), tetrahydropyridine, thiophosphate and phenol, 1, 3-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) were detected during the CP degradation. The current investigation reveals D. jiangsuensis as a potential microbe for CP degradation and opens up the possibility of exploiting its formulations to remediate the CP polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Yadav
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Mohd Aamir Khan
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ranju Sharma
- Soil Microbiology Ecology and Pesticide Toxicology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Anushree Malik
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Satyawati Sharma
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi 110016, India.
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Bouteh E, Ahmadi N, Abbasi M, Torabian A, van Loosdrecht MCM, Ducoste J. Biodegradation of organophosphorus pesticides in moving bed biofilm reactors: Analysis of microbial community and biodegradation pathways. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124950. [PMID: 33385721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the performance of a lab-scale moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) with respect to general bioconversion processes and biotransformation of two commonly used organophosphorus pesticides, Chlorpyrifos (CHL) and Malathion (MAL). The reactor was operated for 300 days under different organic loads by changing hydraulic retention time (HRT). The decrease in organic load resulted in the formation of a thinner biofilm and the growth of more biomass in the bulk, which greatly shifted bioconversion processes. The low organic loading supported more nitrification in the reactor, but an opposite trend was observed for denitrification, which was enhanced at higher organic loading where the formation of anoxic zones in the thick biofilm was favored. 70% and 55% removal corresponding to 210 and 165 µg/m2/d occurred for MAL and CHL, respectively, at an HRT of 3 h and progressively increased with higher HRTs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a shift in composition and abundance of taxa throughout the reactor operation where lower loading rate supported the growth of a more diverse and evenly distributed community. The analysis also highlighted the dominance of heterotrophic communities such as Flavobacterium and Acinetobacter johnsonii, which could be involved in the biotransformation of CHL and MAL through co-metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Bouteh
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Navid Ahmadi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Abbasi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Torabian
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 Hz Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Joel Ducoste
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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46
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Huang Y, Zhang W, Pang S, Chen J, Bhatt P, Mishra S, Chen S. Insights into the microbial degradation and catalytic mechanisms of chlorpyrifos. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110660. [PMID: 33387540 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos is extensively used worldwide as an insecticide to control various insect pests. Long-term and irregular applications of chlorpyrifos have resulted in large-scale soil, groundwater, sediment, and air pollution. Numerous studies have shown that chlorpyrifos and its major intermediate metabolite 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCP) accumulate in non-target organisms through biomagnification and have a strong toxic effect on non-target organisms, including human beings. Bioremediation based on microbial metabolism is considered an eco-friendly and efficient strategy to remove chlorpyrifos residues. To date, a variety of bacterial and fungal species have been isolated and characterized for the biodegradation of chlorpyrifos and TCP. The metabolites and degradation pathways of chlorpyrifos have been investigated. In addition, the chlorpyrifos-degrading enzymes and functional genes in microbes have been reported. Hydrolases can catalyze the first step in ester-bond hydrolysis, and this initial regulatory metabolic reaction plays a key role in the degradation of chlorpyrifos. Previous studies have shown that the active site of hydrolase contains serine residues, which can initiate a catalytic reaction by nucleophilic attack on the P-atom of chlorpyrifos. However, few reviews have focused on the microbial degradation and catalytic mechanisms of chlorpyrifos. Therefore, this review discusses the deep understanding of chlorpyrifos degradation mechanisms with microbial strains, metabolic pathways, catalytic mechanisms, and their genetic basis in bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shimei Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Junmin Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Avila R, Peris A, Eljarrat E, Vicent T, Blánquez P. Biodegradation of hydrophobic pesticides by microalgae: Transformation products and impact on algae biochemical methane potential. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142114. [PMID: 32911153 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Intensive and extensive use of pesticides has contributed to their wide distribution in soil, air, and water. Due to their detrimental effects on non-target organisms, different technologies have been considered for their removal. In this work, three hydrophobic pesticide active compounds, namely, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, and oxadiazon, were selected to study the potential for their removal from aqueous media by a microalgae consortium. An abiotic and a killed control (thermally inactivated dead microalgae biomass) were employed to clarify their removal pathways, and pesticide content was quantified in liquid and biomass phases for 7 days. At the final time, total degradation (biodegradation plus photodegradation) contributed to the removal of 55% of oxadiazon, 35% of chlorpyrifos, and 14% of cypermethrin. Furthermore, more than 60% of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin were removed by sorption onto microalgae biomass. Overall, the three pesticides showed high removal from the liquid phase. O,O-diethyl thiophosphate was identified in the liquid phase as a transformation product of chlorpyrifos formed by microalgae degradation. Phycoremediation was coupled with anaerobic degradation of the microalgae biomass containing the retained pesticides by sorption through biochemical methane potential tests. Anaerobic digestion was not inhibited by the pesticides as verified by methane production yields. The removal efficiency of the pesticides in the digestate was as follows: chlorpyrifos > cypermethrin > oxadiazon. These results highlight the potential of low-cost algal-based systems for the treatment of wastewater or effluents from agrochemical industries. The integration of wastewater treatment with biogas production through anaerobic digestion is a biorefinery approach that facilitates the economic feasibility of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Avila
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Peris
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry, Dep. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ethel Eljarrat
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry, Dep. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Vicent
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paqui Blánquez
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ambreen S, Yasmin A. Novel degradation pathways for Chlorpyrifos and 3, 5, 6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol degradation by bacterial strain Bacillus thuringiensis MB497 isolated from agricultural fields of Mianwali, Pakistan. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 172:104750. [PMID: 33518043 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Over use of organophosphate pesticides including Chlorpyrifos (CPF) has led to contamination of soil and water resources, resulting in serious health problems in humans along with other non-target organisms. The current study was aimed to investigate Chlorpyrifos as well as 3, 5, 6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) biodegradation tendency of bacterial strain Bacillus thuringiensis MB497 isolated from wheat/cotton fields of Dera Saleemabad, Mianwali, Pakistan, having a history of heavy Organophosphate pesticides application. HPLC analysis revealed almost 99% degradation of the spiked CPF (200 mg L-1) in M-9 broth, soil slurry and soil microcosm by MB497 after 9 days of incubation. Strain MB497 was also able to degrade and transform TCP (28 mg L-1), up to 90.57% after 72 h of incubation in M-9 broth. A novel compound Di-isopropyl methanephosphonate along with known products of 3, 5, 6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), Diethyl thiophospsphate and Phosphorothioic acid were detected as metabolites of CPF by GCMS analysis. Three novel metabolites of TCP (p-Propyl phenol, 2-Ethoxy-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyloxazoline and 3-(2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenoxy)-1-propyne) were identified after 72 h. Based on these metabolites, new/amended metabolic pathways for CPF and TCP degradation in these bacteria has been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samina Ambreen
- Microbiology & Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University. The Mall, Rawalpindi. Pakistan
| | - Azra Yasmin
- Microbiology & Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Fatima Jinnah Women University. The Mall, Rawalpindi. Pakistan.
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Bioremediation of Toxic Pesticides in Soil Using Microbial Products. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54422-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chen B, Zhang N, Xie S, Zhang X, He J, Muhammad A, Sun C, Lu X, Shao Y. Gut bacteria of the silkworm Bombyx mori facilitate host resistance against the toxic effects of organophosphate insecticides. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105886. [PMID: 32623217 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate insecticides that are heavily used in agriculture for pest control have caused growing environmental problems and public health concerns worldwide. Ironically, insecticide resistance develops quickly in major lepidopteran pests, partially via their microbial symbionts. To investigate the possible mechanisms by which the microbiota confers insecticide resistance to Lepidoptera, the model organism silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) was fed different antibiotics to induce gut dysbiosis (microbiota imbalance). Larvae treated with polymyxin showed a significantly lower survival rate when exposed to chlorpyrifos. Through high-throughput sequencing, we found that the abundances of Stenotrophomonas and Enterococcus spp. changed substantially after treatment. To assess the roles played by these two groups of bacteria in chlorpyrifos resistance, a germ-free (GF) silkworm rearing protocol was established to avoid the influence of natural microbiota and antibiotics. Monoassociation of GF silkworms with Stenotrophomonas enhanced host resistance to chlorpyrifos, but not in Enterococcus-fed larvae, consistent with larval detoxification activity. GC-μECD detection of chlorpyrifos residues in feces indicated that neither Stenotrophomonas nor Enterococcus degraded chlorpyrifos directly in the gut. However, gut metabolomics analysis revealed a highly species-specific pattern, with higher levels of essential amino acid produced in the gut of silkworm larvae monoassociated with Stenotrophomonas. This critical nutrient provisioning significantly increased host fitness and thereby allowed larvae to circumvent the deleterious effects of these toxic chemicals more efficiently. Altogether, our study not only suggests a new mechanism for insecticide resistance in notorious lepidopteran pests but also provides a useful template for investigating the interplay between host and gut bacteria in complex environmental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosheng Chen
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sen Xie
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiancui Zhang
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jintao He
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Abrar Muhammad
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingmeng Lu
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Shao
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China.
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