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Wu Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Li M, Yan H, Shi H, Shi D, Chen J, Guo L, Feng L. Elevation of IL-8 secretion induced by PEDV infection via NF-κB signaling pathway. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1422560. [PMID: 39104852 PMCID: PMC11298435 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1422560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is associated with severe enteritis, which contributes to high mortality in piglets. The aim of this study was to describe molecular mechanisms associated with proinflammatory cytokine(s) production during PEDV infection. We showed that infection of porcine intestine epithelial cell clone J2 (IPEC-J2) with PEDV induces a gradual increase in interleukin 8 (IL-8) production at different time points, as well as infection of Vero E6 with PEDV. The secretion of IL-8 in these two cell lines infected with PEDV is related to the activation of NF-κB. Furthermore, the cells expressing PEDV M or E protein can induce the upregulation of IL-8. These findings suggest that the IL-8 production can be the initiator of inflammatory response by the host cells upon PEDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Longjun Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Li Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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2
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Li B, Adam Eichhorn PJ, Chng WJ. Targeting the ubiquitin pathway in lymphoid malignancies. Cancer Lett 2024; 594:216978. [PMID: 38795760 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitination and related cellular processes control a variety of aspects in human cell biology, and defects in these processes contribute to multiple illnesses. In recent decades, our knowledge about the pathological role of ubiquitination in lymphoid cancers and therapeutic strategies to target the modified ubiquitination system has evolved tremendously. Here we review the altered signalling mechanisms mediated by the aberrant expression of cancer-associated E2s/E3s and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), which result in the hyperactivation of oncoproteins or the frequently allied downregulation of tumour suppressors. We discuss recent highlights pertaining to the several different therapeutic interventions which are currently being evaluated to effectively block abnormal ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the use of heterobifunctional molecules which recruit the ubiquitination system to degrade or stabilize non-cognate substrates. This review aids in comprehension of ubiquitination aberrance in lymphoid cancers and current targeting strategies and elicits further investigations to deeply understand the link between cellular ubiquitination and lymphoid pathogenesis as well as to ameliorate corresponding treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia; Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Wee-Joo Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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3
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Laghouaouta H, Laplana M, Ros-Freixedes R, Fraile LJ, Pena RN. Sequence variants associated with resilient responses in growing pigs. J Anim Breed Genet 2024. [PMID: 38967062 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The current work aimed to identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with resilience in pigs. In previous work, we proposed the body weight deviation from the expected growth curve (ΔBW) and the increase of the positive acute-phase protein haptoglobin (ΔHP) after a vaccine challenge as resilience indicators which may be improved through selective breeding in pigs. Individuals with steady growth rate and minor activation of haptoglobin (high ΔBW and low ΔHP values) were considered resilient. In contrast, pigs with perturbed growth rate and high activation of haptoglobin (low ΔBW and high ΔHP values) were considered susceptible. Both ∆BW and ∆HP were simultaneously considered to select the most resilient (N = 40) and susceptible (N = 40) pigs. A genome-wide association study was carried out for the pigs' response classification to the challenge test using whole-genome sequence data (7,760,720 variants). Eleven associated genomic regions were identified, harbouring relevant candidate genes related to the immune response (such as pro- and anti-inflammatory responses) and growth pathways. These associated genomic regions harboured 41 potential functional mutations (frameshift, splice donor, splice acceptor, start loss and stop loss/gain) in candidate genes. Overall, this study advances our knowledge about the genetic determinism of resilience, highlighting its polygenic nature and strong relationship with immunity and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Laghouaouta
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Marina Laplana
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Roger Ros-Freixedes
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lorenzo J Fraile
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ramona N Pena
- Department of Animal Science, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
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4
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Hong M, Moon SK, Kim H, Hwang D. Elucidating Korean meadowsweet (Filipendula glaberrima Nakai)-derived arabinogalactan protein-induced macrophage activation and its associated mechanism of action. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132999. [PMID: 38866280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to confirm macrophage-stimulatory component from Korean meadowsweet (Filipendula glaberrima; FG) and characterize its compositional and structural properties. FG-CWH, prepared via cool-water extraction and ethanol precipitation, induced the highest secretion of NO (6.0-8.0 μM), TNF-α (8.7-9.5 ng/mL), and IL-6 (1.0-5.7 ng/mL) compared to other samples at 0.4-10 μg/mL in RAW 264.7 cells. Analytical results revealed that FG-CWH is a high-molecular-weight component with an average molecular weight of 220 kDa, constituting a polysaccharide-protein mixture. Chemical and enzymatic treatment of FG-CWH indicated its primary composition as arabinogalactan protein (AGP)-rich glycoprotein, with activity likely associated with the chemical and structural characteristics of AGP. FG-CWH treatment resulted in significant and concentration-dependent increases in iNOS (20.0-29.6 folds), TNFα (10.6-18.6 folds) and IL6 (10.9-155.6 folds) gene expression, as well as the secretion of NO (5.3-6.3 μM), TNF-α (35.4-44.3 ng/mL), and IL-6 (4.1-8.4 ng/mL) secretion, even at a reduced concentration range of 125-500 ng/mL, compared to the negative control group. Immunoblotting analysis indicated FG-CWH-induced macrophage stimulation significantly associated with the activation of MAPK (ERK, JNK, and p38) and NF-κB (p65 and IκBα). These findings can serve as valuable groundwork for developing FG-derived AGP as novel functional ingredients to enhance human immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Hong
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, 02841, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea.
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea.
| | - Dahyun Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 31499, South Korea; The Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 31499, South Korea.
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5
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Gu J, Chen C, He P, Du Y, Zhu B. Unraveling the Immune Regulatory Functions of USP5: Implications for Disease Therapy. Biomolecules 2024; 14:683. [PMID: 38927085 PMCID: PMC11201890 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5) belongs to the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family, which uniquely recognizes unanchored polyubiquitin chains to maintain the homeostasis of monoubiquitin chains. USP5 participates in a wide range of cellular processes by specifically cleaving isopeptide bonds between ubiquitin and substrate proteins or ubiquitin itself. In the process of immune regulation, USP5 affects important cellular signaling pathways, such as NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and IFN, by regulating ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. These pathways play important roles in immune regulation and inflammatory responses. In addition, USP5 regulates the activity and function of immunomodulatory signaling pathways via the deubiquitination of key proteins, thereby affecting the activity of immune cells and the regulation of immune responses. In the present review, the structure and function of USP5, its role in immune regulation, and the mechanism by which USP5 affects the development of diseases by regulating immune signaling pathways are comprehensively overviewed. In addition, we also introduce the latest research progress of targeting USP5 in the treatment of related diseases, calling for an interdisciplinary approach to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting USP5 in immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Gu
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (J.G.); (P.H.); (Y.D.)
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Changshun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China;
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Pu He
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (J.G.); (P.H.); (Y.D.)
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yunjie Du
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (J.G.); (P.H.); (Y.D.)
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Bingdong Zhu
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (J.G.); (P.H.); (Y.D.)
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Translation, Lanzhou 730030, China
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6
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Varner LR, Chaya T, Maeda Y, Tsutsumi R, Zhou S, Tsujii T, Okuzaki D, Furukawa T. The deubiquitinase Otud7b suppresses cone photoreceptor degeneration in mouse models of retinal degenerative diseases. iScience 2024; 27:109380. [PMID: 38510130 PMCID: PMC10951987 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary and secondary cone photoreceptor death in retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), leads to severe visual impairment and blindness. Although the cone photoreceptor protection in retinal degenerative diseases is crucial for maintaining vision, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here, we found that the deubiquitinase Otud7b/Cezanne is predominantly expressed in photoreceptor cells in the retina. We analyzed Otud7b-/- mice, which were subjected to light-induced damage, a dry AMD model, or were mated with an RP mouse model, and observed increased cone photoreceptor degeneration. Using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis followed by a luciferase reporter assay, we found that Otud7b downregulates NF-κB activity. Furthermore, inhibition of NF-κB attenuated cone photoreceptor degeneration in the light-exposed Otud7b-/- retina and stress-induced neuronal cell death resulting from Otud7b deficiency. Together, our findings suggest that Otud7b protects cone photoreceptors in retinal degenerative diseases by modulating NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Rie Varner
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taro Chaya
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yamato Maeda
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Tsutsumi
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshinori Tsujii
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahisa Furukawa
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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7
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Liu X, Xiao H, Luo M, Meng J, Zhong L, Wu T, Zhao Y, Wu F, Xie J. Anti-inflammatory and protective effects of Pimpinella candolleana on ulcerative colitis in rats: a comprehensive study of quality, chemical composition, and molecular mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1328977. [PMID: 38645561 PMCID: PMC11026630 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1328977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: P. candolleana Wight et Arn. Is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used by the Gelao nationality in southwest China, has been historically applied to treat various gastrointestinal disorders. Despite its traditional usage, scientific evidence elucidating its efficacy and mechanisms in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) remains sparse. This study aimed to determine the quality and chemical composition of Pimpinella candolleana and to identify its potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) rats through integrated approaches. Methods: Morphological and microscopic characteristics, thin layer chromatography (TLC) identification, and quantitative analysis of P. candolleana were performed. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, network pharmacology, and molecular docking were used to identify its chemical composition and predict its related targets in UC. Furthermore, a rat model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of P. candolleana on UC. Results: Microscopic identification revealed irregular and radial arrangement of the xylem in P. candolleana, with a light green cross-section and large medullary cells. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis detected and analyzed 570 metabolites, including flavonoids, coumarins, and terpenoids. Network pharmacology identified 12 effective components and 176 target genes, with 96 common targets for P. candolleana-UC, including quercetin, luteolin, and nobiletin as key anti-inflammatory components. GO and KEGG revealed the potential involvement of their targets in RELA, JUN, TNF, IKBKB, PTGS2, and CHUK, with action pathways such as PI3K-Akt, TNF, IL-17, and apoptosis. Molecular docking demonstrated strong affinity and binding between these key components (quercetin, luteolin, and nobiletin) and the key targets of the pathway, including JUN and TNF. Treatment with P. candolleana improved body weight loss, the disease activity index, and colonic histological damage in UC rats. Pimpinella candolleana also modulated the levels of IL-2 and IL-6 in UC rats, reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, MAPK8, TNF-α, CHUK, and IKBKB mRNA, and decreased the expression of TNF, IKBKB, JUN, and CHUK proteins in the colon of UC rats, thereby reducing inflammation and alleviating UC symptoms. Conclusion: P. candolleana exerts its protective effect on UC by reducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibiting inflammation, providing scientific evidence for its traditional use in treating gastrointestinal diseases. This study highlights the potential of P. candolleana as a natural therapeutic agent for UC and contributes to the development of novel medicines for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hai Xiao
- Maternal and Child Health Carelhospita, Zunyi, China
| | - Mingxia Luo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junpeng Meng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yongxia Zhao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Faming Wu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Guizhou Medical and Health Industry Research Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Guizhou Medical and Health Industry Research Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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8
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Scott HM, Smith MH, Coleman AK, Armijo KS, Chapman MJ, Apostalo SL, Wagner AR, Watson RO, Patrick KL. Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 promotes the type I interferon response by activating Irf7 transcription. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113816. [PMID: 38393946 PMCID: PMC11056844 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tight regulation of macrophage immune gene expression is required to fight infection without risking harmful inflammation. The contribution of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to shaping the macrophage response to pathogens remains poorly understood. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that a member of the serine/arginine-rich (SR) family of mRNA processing factors, SRSF7, is required for optimal expression of a cohort of interferon-stimulated genes in macrophages. Using genetic and biochemical assays, we discover that in addition to its canonical role in regulating alternative splicing, SRSF7 drives transcription of interferon regulatory transcription factor 7 (IRF7) to promote antiviral immunity. At the Irf7 promoter, SRSF7 maximizes STAT1 transcription factor binding and RNA polymerase II elongation via cooperation with the H4K20me1 histone methyltransferase KMT5a (SET8). These studies define a role for an SR protein in activating transcription and reveal an RBP-chromatin network that orchestrates macrophage antiviral gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley M Scott
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Mackenzie H Smith
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Aja K Coleman
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Kaitlyn S Armijo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Morgan J Chapman
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Summer L Apostalo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Allison R Wagner
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Robert O Watson
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Kristin L Patrick
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M Health, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
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9
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Sobotka AA, Tempera I. PARP1 as an Epigenetic Modulator: Implications for the Regulation of Host-Viral Dynamics. Pathogens 2024; 13:131. [PMID: 38392869 PMCID: PMC10891851 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The principal understanding of the Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) regulation of genomes has been focused on its role in DNA repair; however, in the past few years, an additional role for PARPs and PARylation has emerged in regulating viral-host interactions. In particular, in the context of DNA virus infection, PARP1-mediated mechanisms of gene regulations, such as the involvement with cellular protein complexes responsible for the folding of the genome into the nucleus, the formation of chromatin loops connecting distant regulatory genomic regions, and other methods of transcriptional regulation, provide additional ways through which PARPs can modulate the function of both the host and the viral genomes during viral infection. In addition, potential viral amplification of the activity of PARPs on the host genome can contribute to the pathogenic effect of viral infection, such as viral-driven oncogenesis, opening the possibility that PARP inhibition may represent a potential therapeutic approach to target viral infection. This review will focus on the role of PARPs, particularly PARP1, in regulating the infection of DNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher A. Sobotka
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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10
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Cha SJ, Kim SS, Shin JH, Seo SR. Peiminine Exerts Its Anti-Acne Effects by Regulating the NF-κB Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:131. [PMID: 38275656 PMCID: PMC10812726 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Peiminine is the main natural alkaloid compound extracted from the Chinese herb Fritillaria. Although peiminine is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in conditions such as mastitis and arthritis, its impact on inflammation induced by Cutibacterisum acnes (C. acnes) has not been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of peiminine on C. acnes-induced inflammatory responses in the skin and to identify the underlying mechanism involved. We discovered that peiminine inhibits the C. acnes-induced expression of inflammatory mediators such as pro-interleukin-1β (pro-IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Peiminine suppressed the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) without affecting the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways such as JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPK. In addition, we found that peiminine suppressed inflammatory cytokine expression and ameliorated histological symptoms in C. acnes-induced mouse skin. Our study is the first to provide evidence that peiminine has an inhibitory effect on acne, and it points toward the potential of incorporating peiminine into cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations for acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Jin Cha
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (S.J.C.); (J.H.S.)
| | - Seon Sook Kim
- Institute of Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jin Hak Shin
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (S.J.C.); (J.H.S.)
| | - Su Ryeon Seo
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (S.J.C.); (J.H.S.)
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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11
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Liu S, Li Z, Lan S, Hao H, Baz AA, Yan X, Gao P, Chen S, Chu Y. The Dual Roles of Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) in Inflammation, Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, and Pathogen Infection Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:824. [PMID: 38255898 PMCID: PMC10815024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors are pivotal regulators in the cellular life process. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a member of the ATF/CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) family, plays a crucial role as cells respond to various stresses and damage. As a transcription factor, ATF3 significantly influences signal transduction regulation, orchestrating a variety of signaling pathways, including apoptosis, ferroptosis, and cellular differentiation. In addition, ATF3 serves as an essential link between inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune responses. This review summarizes the recent advances in research on ATF3 activation and its role in regulating inflammatory responses, cell apoptosis, and ferroptosis while exploring the dual functions of ATF3 in these processes. Additionally, this article discusses the role of ATF3 in diseases related to pathogenic microbial infections. Our review may be helpful to better understand the role of ATF3 in cellular responses and disease progression, thus promoting advancements in clinical treatments for inflammation and oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Zhangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Shimei Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Huafang Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Ahmed Adel Baz
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Xinmin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Shengli Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Yuefeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
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12
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Çomaklı S, Özdemir S, Güloğlu M. Chrysin attenuates paclitaxel-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats by suppressing oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis. Life Sci 2023; 332:122096. [PMID: 37716503 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Paclitaxel (Pax) is a chemotherapeutic drug from the taxane family that is used in the treatment of human cancer, including ovarian, breast, and non-small cell lung carcinoma. Chrysin (CR) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-diabetic, and anti-carcinogenic properties, as well as hepatoprotective and renoprotective activities. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effect of CR against Pax-induced hepatorenal toxicity on inflammation, apoptosis, antioxidant levels, oxidative DNA damage, and histopathology in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n = 7): Group I (normal control), Group II (CR alone at a dose of 50 mg/kg), Group III (Pax at a dose of 2 mg/kg), Group IV (Pax+CR 25), and Group V (Pax+CR 50). The expressions of apoptotic (Bax and Bcl-2) and antioxidant genes (SOD1, CAT, GPx3, and GST) were evaluated using RT-PCR from paraffin sections. Caspase 3, KIM-1, NF-kB, COX-2, and 8-OHdG were also determined by immunohistochemical examination. KEY FINDINGS The results revealed that Pax exposure caused hepatic and renal damage in rats, which was indicated by a significant elevation of caspase 3, Bax, KIM-1, NF-kB, COX-2, and 8-OHdG. However, there was a marked downregulation in the expressions of the Bcl-2, SOD1, CAT, GPx3, and GST genes. In contrast, rats given CR in combination showed better gene expression, histological structure, and immunohistochemical staining results. SIGNIFICANCE Consequently, CR exhibited the ability to reduce oxidative DNA damage, exert anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, and mitigate the toxic effects of Pax-induced hepatorenal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Selçuk Özdemir
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, DZNE, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Meryem Güloğlu
- Veterinary Control Institute, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Erzurum, Turkey.
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13
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Yang C, Liang Y, Liu N, Sun M. Role of the cGAS-STING pathway in radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Radiat Oncol 2023; 18:145. [PMID: 37667279 PMCID: PMC10478265 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most important therapeutic interventions for non-small cell lung cancer is radiotherapy. Ionizing radiation (IR) is classified by traditional radiobiology principles as a direct cytocidal therapeutic agent against cancer, although there is growing recognition of other antitumor immunological responses induced by this modality. The most effective therapeutic combinations to harness radiation-generated antitumor immunity and enhance treatment results for malignancies resistant to existing radiotherapy regimens could be determined by a more sophisticated understanding of the immunological pathways created by radiation. Innate immune signaling is triggered by the activation of cGAS-STING, and this promotes adaptive immune responses to help fight cancer. This identifies a molecular mechanism radiation can use to trigger antitumor immune responses by bridging the DNA-damaging ability of IR with the activation of CD8 + cytotoxic T cell-mediated killing of tumors. We also discuss radiotherapy-related parameters that affect cGAS-STING signaling, negative consequences of cGAS-STING activation, and intriguing treatment options being tested in conjunction with IR to support immune activation by activating STING-signaling. Improved therapeutic outcomes will result from a better understanding of how IR promotes cGAS-STING signaling in immune-based treatment regimens that maximize radiotherapy's anticancer effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Yang
- Department of Oncology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Radiation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xing Tai Shi, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Oncology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, China
| | - Meili Sun
- Department of Oncology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, China.
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14
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Hussain MS, Afzal O, Gupta G, Altamimi ASA, Almalki WH, Alzarea SI, Kazmi I, Kukreti N, Gupta S, Sulakhiya K, Singh SK, Dua K. Probing the links: Long non-coding RNAs and NF-κB signalling in atherosclerosis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154773. [PMID: 37647827 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves the accumulation of lipids and immune cells in the arterial wall. NF-kB signaling is a key regulator of inflammation and is known to play a critical role in atherosclerosis. Recent studies have shown that lncRNAs can regulate NF-kB and contribute to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Preliminary findings reveal significant alterations in the expression of specific lncRNAs in atherosclerotic lesions compared to healthy arterial tissue. Experimental evidence suggests that these dysregulated lncRNAs can influence the NF-kB pathway. By unravelling the crosstalk between lncRNAs and NF-kB signaling, this review aims to enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis. Identifying novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers may lead to developing interventions and management strategies for this prevalent cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of lncRNAs in NF-kB signaling in atherosclerosis and highlights their potential as therapeutic targets for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, 302017 Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura 302017, Jaipur, India; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India.
| | | | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kunjbihari Sulakhiya
- Neuro Pharmacology Research Laboratory (NPRL), Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
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15
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Niu J, Feng F, Zhang S, Zhu Y, Song R, Li J, Zhao L, Wang H, Zhao Y, Zhang M. Thrombospondin-2 Couples Pressure-Promoted Chondrogenesis through NF-κB Signaling. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:753-766. [PMID: 37219820 PMCID: PMC10352201 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies found that the mechanical stimulation promote chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), along with up-regulation of thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2). The aim of this study was to explore the effect of thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2) on the mechanical pressure-stimulated chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the possible role of NF-κB signaling in the mechano-chemical coupling regulation toward chondrogenesis. METHODS Rat BMSCs were isolated, cultured and identified. The time-dependent expressions of TSP-2 and Sox9 in BMSCs under a dynamic mechanical pressure of 0-120 kPa at 0.1 Hz for 1 h were tested by qPCR and Western blotting. The role of TSP-2 in chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs under mechanical pressure was validated by using small interfering RNA. The impact of TSP-2 and mechanical pressure on chondrogenesis were detected and the downstream signaling molecules were explored using Western blotting. RESULTS Mechanical pressure stimulation of 0-120 kPa for 1 h significantly upregulated the expression of TSP-2 in BMSCs. The expression of the chondrogenesis markers Sox9, Aggrecan, and Col-II were all upregulated under dynamic mechanical pressure or TSP-2 stimulation. Additional exogenous TSP-2 may potentiate the chondrogenic effect of mechanical stimulation. After knock down TSP-2, the upregulation of Sox9, Aggrecan and Col-II under mechanical pressure was inhibited. The NF-κB signaling pathway responded to both dynamic pressure and TSP-2 stimulation, and the cartilage-promoting effect was blocked by an NF-κB signaling inhibitor. CONCLUSION TSP-2 plays an essential role in the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs under mechanical pressure. NF-κB signaling is involved in the mechano-chemical coupling of TSP-2 and mechanical pressure for the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
- The College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Runfang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Junrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Northwest University, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Al-Rashidi RR, Noraldeen SAM, Kareem AK, Mahmoud AK, Kadhum WR, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Iswanto AH, Obaid RF, Jalil AT, Mustafa YF, Nabavi N, Wang Y, Wang L. Malignant function of nuclear factor-kappaB axis in prostate cancer: Molecular interactions and regulation by non-coding RNAs. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106775. [PMID: 37075872 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Prostate carcinoma is a malignant situation that arises from genomic alterations in the prostate, leading to changes in tumorigenesis. The NF-κB pathway modulates various biological mechanisms, including inflammation and immune responses. Dysregulation of NF-κB promotes carcinogenesis, including increased proliferation, invasion, and therapy resistance. As an incurable disease globally, prostate cancer is a significant health concern, and research into genetic mutations and NF-κB function has the efficacy to facilitate the introduction of novel therapies. NF-κB upregulation is observed during prostate cancer progression, resulting in increased cell cycle progression and proliferation rates. Additionally, NF-κB endorses resistance to cell death and enhances the capacity for metastasis, particularly bone metastasis. Overexpression of NF-κB triggers chemoresistance and radio-resistance, and inhibition of NF-κB by anti-tumor compounds can reduce cancer progression. Interestingly, non-coding RNA transcripts can regulate NF-κB level and its nuclear transfer, offering a potential avenue for modulating prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Kamil Kareem
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001, Hillah, Iraq
| | | | - Wesam R Kadhum
- Department of Pharmacy, Kut University College, Kut 52001, Wasit, Iraq
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Ecuador; University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Colombia
| | - Acim Heri Iswanto
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rasha Fadhel Obaid
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6 Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6 Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Institute, V5Z1L3 Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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17
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Lanza M, Basilotta R, Cuzzocrea S, Bulzomì M, Oddo S, Casili G, Esposito E. An RNAi-Mediated Reduction in Transcription Factor Nrf-2 Blocks the Positive Effects of Dimethyl Fumarate on Metabolic Stress in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11303. [PMID: 37511065 PMCID: PMC10378911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is rapidly rising around the world, and this will have a significant impact on our society as it is believed to be one of the leading causes of death. One of the main causes of these occurrences is added sugar consumption, which is associated with a higher risk of obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and brain illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). To this purpose, excess sugar might worsen oxidative damage and brain inflammation: two neuropathological signs of AD. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally accessible methyl ester of fumaric acid with putative neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties. In addition, DMF stimulates the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), a key regulator of the antioxidant response mechanism in cells. The aim of the current study was to assess the potential therapeutic benefits of DMF in an in vitro model of metabolic stress induced by high and low sugar levels. We discovered that DMF reversed the negative impacts of high and low glucose exposure on the viability and oxidative stress of SH-SY5Y cells. Mechanistically, DMF's actions were mediated by Nrf-2. To this end, we discovered that DMF boosted the expression of the Nrf-2-regulated genes heme-oxygenase-1 (HO1) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). More importantly, we found that inhibiting Nrf-2 expression prevented DMF's positive effects. Our combined findings suggest that DMF may be a valuable support for treatments for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Lanza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rossella Basilotta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Bulzomì
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Oddo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Scott HM, Smith MH, Coleman AK, Apostalo SL, Wagner AR, Watson RO, Patrick KL. Serine arginine-rich splicing factor (SRSF7) cooperates with the histone methyltransferase KMT5a to promote the type I interferon response via transcriptional activation of IRF7. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.09.540055. [PMID: 37503164 PMCID: PMC10369877 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.09.540055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Tight regulation of macrophage immune gene expression is required to fight infection without risking harmful inflammation. The contribution of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) to shaping the macrophage response to pathogens remains poorly understood. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that a member of the serine/arginine-rich (SR) family of mRNA processing factors, SRSF7, is required for optimal expression of a cohort of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) in macrophages. Using genetic and biochemical assays, we discovered that in addition to its canonical role in regulating alternative splicing, SRSF7 drives transcription of interferon regulatory transcription factor 7 (IRF7) to promote antiviral immunity. At the Irf7 promoter, SRSF7 maximizes STAT1 transcription factor binding and RNA polymerase II elongation via cooperation with the H4K20me1 histone methyltransferase KMT5a (SET8). These studies define an unorthodox role for an SR protein in activating transcription and reveal an unappreciated RNA binding protein-chromatin network that orchestrates macrophage antiviral gene expression.
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Kelly-Laubscher R, Somers S, Lacerda L, Lecour S. Role of nuclear factor kappa-B in TNF-induced cytoprotection. Cardiovasc J Afr 2023; 34:74-80. [PMID: 35687060 PMCID: PMC10512038 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2022-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Understanding prosurvival signalling pathways that protect against ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) may assist in the development of novel cardioprotective strategies against IHD. In this regard, the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) is activated by tumour necrosis factor (TNF), but its role in TNF-induced cytoprotection is unknown. Therefore, to investigate the role of NFκB in TNF-induced cytoprotection, C2C12 cells were pretreated with TNF (0.5 ng/ml) in the presence and absence of an NFκB inhibitor, pyrrolidine derivative of dithiocarbamate (PDTC; 100 µM). Cells were subjected to simulated IRI and treated with PDTC, either during TNF exposure or at reperfusion. Phosphorylation of IkB was measured after the TNF stimulus. Cytoprotection by TNF in cells subjected to IRI (cell viability: 43.7 ± 8.1% in control vs 70.6 ± 6.1% with TNF, p < 0.001) was abrogated by co-administration of PDTC (40.6 ± 1.9%, p < 0.001 vs TNF) but not by exposure to PDTC at reperfusion (70.7 ± 1.7%). Cytosolic IkB phosphorylation [1.5 ± 0.2 arbitrary units (AU) for TNF vs 1.0 ± 0.0 for untreated, p < 0.01]) was increased after TNF exposure and this increase was abolished by co-administration with PDTC (0.8 ± 0.3 AU, p < 0 01 vs TNF). Our data suggest that NFκB acts as a key component in TNF-induced cytoprotection. These findings may pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic drugs that target TNF/NFκB signalling to protect against IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin Kelly-Laubscher
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; and Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | - Sarin Somers
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Lydia Lacerda
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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20
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Zhai Y, Wang T, Fu Y, Yu T, Ding Y, Nie H. Ferulic Acid: A Review of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Effects on Pulmonary Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098011. [PMID: 37175715 PMCID: PMC10178416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA), a prevalent dietary phytochemical, has many pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation effects, and has been widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics industries. Many studies have shown that FA can significantly downregulate the expression of reactive oxygen species and activate nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling, exerting anti-oxidative effects. The anti-inflammatory effect of FA is mainly related to the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathways. FA has demonstrated potential clinical applications in the treatment of pulmonary diseases. The transforming growth factor-β1/small mothers against decapentaplegic 3 signaling pathway can be blocked by FA, thereby alleviating pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, in the context of asthma, the T helper cell 1/2 imbalance is restored by FA. Furthermore, FA ameliorates acute lung injury by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways via toll-like receptor 4, consequently decreasing the expression of downstream inflammatory mediators. Additionally, there is a moderate neuraminidase inhibitory activity showing a tendency to reduce the interleukin-8 level in response to influenza virus infections. Although the application of FA has broad prospects, more preclinical mechanism-based research should be carried out to test these applications in clinical settings. This review not only covers the literature on the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of FA, but also discusses the therapeutic role and toxicology of FA in several pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiman Zhai
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yunmei Fu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Hongguang Nie
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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Zhao W, Wang J, Li X, Li Y, Ye C. Deoxycholic acid inhibits Staphylococcus aureus-induced endometritis through regulating TGR5/PKA/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110004. [PMID: 36958214 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Endometritis, a common gynecological disease, is the most common cause of infertility. As a natural metabolite of gut microbiota, deoxycholic acid (DCA) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory function. In the current study, the protective role of DCA on Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus)-induced endometritis was tested. In vivo, DCA inhibited uterine histological change, MPO activity, endometrial barrier disruption, and inflammatory cytokine production induced by S.aureus. In vitro, DCA suppressed S.aureus-induced TNF-α and IL-1ß production in mouse endometrial epithelial cells (mEECs). Also, DCA markedly suppressed S.aureus-induced NF-κB activation. Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5)is a critical bile acid membranereceptor that mainly regulated the cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)signaling pathway to inhibit NF-κB activation. We found DCA significantly increased TGR5 and PKA expression and S.aureus-induced inflammatory cytokine production and NF-κB activation were prevented by TGR5 inhibitor and PKA inhibitor. In conclusion, DCA protected S.aureus-induced endometritis by regulating TGR5/PKA/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Erdao District, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130033, China
| | - Junrong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changchun People's Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130051, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China.
| | - Cong Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China.
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Deka K, Li Y. Transcriptional Regulation during Aberrant Activation of NF-κB Signalling in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050788. [PMID: 36899924 PMCID: PMC10001244 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB signalling pathway is a major signalling cascade involved in the regulation of inflammation and innate immunity. It is also increasingly recognised as a crucial player in many steps of cancer initiation and progression. The five members of the NF-κB family of transcription factors are activated through two major signalling pathways, the canonical and non-canonical pathways. The canonical NF-κB pathway is prevalently activated in various human malignancies as well as inflammation-related disease conditions. Meanwhile, the significance of non-canonical NF-κB pathway in disease pathogenesis is also increasingly recognized in recent studies. In this review, we discuss the double-edged role of the NF-κB pathway in inflammation and cancer, which depends on the severity and extent of the inflammatory response. We also discuss the intrinsic factors, including selected driver mutations, and extrinsic factors, such as tumour microenvironment and epigenetic modifiers, driving aberrant activation of NF-κB in multiple cancer types. We further provide insights into the importance of the interaction of NF-κB pathway components with various macromolecules to its role in transcriptional regulation in cancer. Finally, we provide a perspective on the potential role of aberrant NF-κB activation in altering the chromatin landscape to support oncogenic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalakshi Deka
- School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yinghui Li
- School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6316-2947
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Kim YY, Lee S, Kim MJ, Rho MC, Jang YH, Kim SH. Oleanolic Acid Acetate Inhibits Mast Cell Activation in Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Airway Inflammation. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2023; 15:214-230. [PMID: 37021507 PMCID: PMC10079514 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.2.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Asthma is a complex, heterogeneous chronic inflammatory airway disease with multiple phenotypes. There has been a great progress in managing asthma, but there are still unmet needs for developing uncontrolled asthma treatments. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of oleanolic acid acetate (OAA) from Vigna angularis against allergic airway inflammation and the underlying mechanism of action with a focus on mast cells. METHODS To investigate the effect of OAA in allergic airway inflammation, we used the ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized and challenged mice. To examine allergic airway inflammation associated with immune responses of mast cell activation in vitro, various types of mast cells were used. Systemic and cutaneous anaphylaxis models were used for mast cell-mediated hyper-responsiveness in vivo. RESULTS OAA reduced OVA-induced airway inflammatory responses such as bronchospasm, increase of immune cell infiltration and serum immunoglobulin E and G1 levels. Especially, OAA decreased the mast cell infiltration, and β-hexosaminidase release as a mast cell activation marker in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. OAA inhibited mast cell degranulation in mast cell line (RBL-2H3) and primary cells (rat peritoneal mast cell and mouse bone marrow-derived mast cell). Mechanistically, OAA suppressed intracellular signaling pathways including the phosphorylation of phospholipase Cγ and nuclear factor-κB, resulting from the suppression of intracellular calcium influx and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Further, oral administration of OAA attenuated mast cell-mediated systemic and cutaneous anaphylaxis. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that OAA can inhibit mast cell-mediated allergic reaction. Consequently, the application of OAA to mast cells for the allergic airway inflammation facilitate a new direction of treating allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Yong Kim
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Min-Jong Kim
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Mun-Chual Rho
- Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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Analysis of NFKB1 and NFKB2 gene expression in the blood of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 166:111470. [PMID: 36773447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL) is an increasingly common health problem today. Although the direct mortality rate of this disorder is relatively low, its impact on quality of life is enormous; this is why accurate identification of pathogenesis and influencing factors in the disease process can play an essential role in preventing and treating the disease. Acute inflammation, which leads to chronic inflammation due to aberrant expression of inflammation-mediating genes, may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The essential Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathway genes, NFKB1 and NFKB2, serve as prothrombotic agents when expressed abnormally, compromising the cochlea by disrupting the endolymphatic potential and causing SSNHL. METHODS This study investigates the expression levels of NFKB1 and NFKB2 in peripheral blood (PB) through a quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 50 Iranian patients with SSNHL, and 50 healthy volunteers were of the same age and sex as controls. RESULTS As a result, NFKB2 expression levels in patients were higher than in controls, regardless of sex or age (posterior beta = 0.619, adjusted P-value = 0.016), and NFKB1 expression levels did not show significant differences between patients and controls. The expression levels of NFKB1 and NFKB2 had significantly strong positive correlations in both SSNHL patients and healthy individuals (r = 0.620, P = 0.001 and r = 0.657, P 0.001, respectively), suggesting the presence of an interconnected network. CONCLUSION NFKB2 has been identified as a significant inflammatory factor in the pathophysiology of SSNHL disease. Inflammation can play an essential role in developing SSNHL, and our findings could be used as a guide for future research.
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Imbalanced IL-1B and IL-18 Expression in Sézary Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054674. [PMID: 36902104 PMCID: PMC10003479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sézary syndrome (SS) is a rare and aggressive type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, with an abnormal inflammatory response in affected skin. The cytokines IL-1B and IL-18, as key signaling molecules in the immune system, are produced in an inactive form and cleave to the active form by inflammasomes. In this study, we assessed the skin, serum, peripheral mononuclear blood cell (PBMC) and lymph-node samples of SS patients and control groups (healthy donors (HDs) and idiopathic erythroderma (IE) nodes) to investigate the inflammatory markers IL-1B and IL-18 at the protein and transcript expression levels, as potential markers of inflammasome activation. Our findings showed increased IL-1B and decreased IL-18 protein expression in the epidermis of SS patients; however, in the dermis layer, we detected increased IL-18 protein expression. In the lymph nodes of SS patients at advanced stages of the disease (N2/N3), we also detected an enhancement of IL-18 and a downregulation of IL-1B at the protein level. Moreover, the transcriptomic analysis of the SS and IE nodes confirmed the decreased expression of IL1B and NLRP3, whereas the pathway analysis indicated a further downregulation of IL1B-associated genes. Overall, the present findings showed compartmentalized expressions of IL-1B and IL-18 and provided the first evidence of their imbalance in patients with Sézary syndrome.
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Su CM, Du Y, Rowland RRR, Wang Q, Yoo D. Reprogramming viral immune evasion for a rational design of next-generation vaccines for RNA viruses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1172000. [PMID: 37138878 PMCID: PMC10149994 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1172000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs-α/β) are antiviral cytokines that constitute the innate immunity of hosts to fight against viral infections. Recent studies, however, have revealed the pleiotropic functions of IFNs, in addition to their antiviral activities, for the priming of activation and maturation of adaptive immunity. In turn, many viruses have developed various strategies to counteract the IFN response and to evade the host immune system for their benefits. The inefficient innate immunity and delayed adaptive response fail to clear of invading viruses and negatively affect the efficacy of vaccines. A better understanding of evasion strategies will provide opportunities to revert the viral IFN antagonism. Furthermore, IFN antagonism-deficient viruses can be generated by reverse genetics technology. Such viruses can potentially serve as next-generation vaccines that can induce effective and broad-spectrum responses for both innate and adaptive immunities for various pathogens. This review describes the recent advances in developing IFN antagonism-deficient viruses, their immune evasion and attenuated phenotypes in natural host animal species, and future potential as veterinary vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ming Su
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Yijun Du
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Raymond R. R. Rowland
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Dongwan Yoo
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Dongwan Yoo,
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Shin DY, Kim BS, Lee HY, Park YM, Kim YW, Kim MJ, Yang HJ, Kim MS, Bae JS. Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold leaf extract enhanced immunostimulatory effects in a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed rat model. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:9422. [PMID: 37152296 PMCID: PMC10155189 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.9422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold (EA) is a medicinal plant used in some Asian countries to treat various diseases, including cancer, hyperglycemia, diabetes, urticaria, dysmenorrhea, and arthritis. Owing to the wide range of pharmacological applications of EA, various roles of EA are being studied. Objective We evaluated the immune-enhancing effect of EA treatment in a cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced immunosuppressed rat model. Design We analyzed the immune enhancement effect of EA on macrophages by western blotting. In addition, cell viability and natural killer (NK) cell activity were analyzed in splenocytes following EA treatment. For in vivo studies, analysis of weekly body weight, spleen weight, immune cell count, cytokine levels, and spleen histological findings was performed following EA administration in Cy-induced immunocompromised rats. Results EA significantly increased cell viability and phospho-nuclear factor-kappa B and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase protein levels in the macrophages. EA significantly increased NK cell activity in splenocytes compared with the control group. In Cy-induced immunosuppressed rats, EA administration increased spleen tissue weight and the contents of leukocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes, intermediate cells, and plasma cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ). In addition, improvement in the damaged spleen tissue was observed. Conclusions These findings confirm that EA exerts an immune-enhancing effect, thereby suggesting its potential as an immunostimulatory agent or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yeop Shin
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, South Korea
- INVIVO Co. Ltd., Nonsan, South Korea
| | - Byeong Soo Kim
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, South Korea
| | | | | | - Yong Wan Kim
- Daegu Cancer Center, Research and Development Unit, DongSung Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo, South Korea
| | | | - Mi Seong Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Institute of Biomaterial-Implant, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
- Jun Sang Bae, Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
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What's New in the Molecular Mechanisms of Diabetic Kidney Disease: Recent Advances. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010570. [PMID: 36614011 PMCID: PMC9820354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease, including end-stage kidney disease, and increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality. Although the treatment options for DKD, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, have advanced, their efficacy is still limited. Thus, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of DKD onset and progression is necessary for the development of new and innovative treatments for DKD. The complex pathogenesis of DKD includes various different pathways, and the mechanisms of DKD can be broadly classified into inflammatory, fibrotic, metabolic, and hemodynamic factors. Here, we summarize the recent findings in basic research, focusing on each factor and recent advances in the treatment of DKD. Collective evidence from basic and clinical research studies is helpful for understanding the definitive mechanisms of DKD and their regulatory systems. Further comprehensive exploration is warranted to advance our knowledge of the pathogenesis of DKD and establish novel treatments and preventive strategies.
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Cohn IS, Henrickson SE, Striepen B, Hunter CA. Immunity to Cryptosporidium: Lessons from Acquired and Primary Immunodeficiencies. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:2261-2268. [PMID: 36469846 PMCID: PMC9731348 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cryptosporidium is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite that infects gut epithelial cells and causes self-limited diarrhea in immunocompetent individuals. However, in immunocompromised hosts with global defects in T cell function, this infection can result in chronic, life-threatening disease. In addition, there is a subset of individuals with primary immunodeficiencies associated with increased risk for life-threatening cryptosporidiosis. These patients highlight MHC class II expression, CD40-CD40L interactions, NF-κB signaling, and IL-21 as key host factors required for resistance to this enteric pathogen. Understanding which immune deficiencies do (or do not) lead to increased risk for severe Cryptosporidium may reveal mechanisms of parasite restriction and aid in the identification of novel strategies to manage this common pathogen in immunocompetent and deficient hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S. Cohn
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E. Henrickson
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Allergy Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Boris Striepen
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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30
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Li R, Dong F, Zhang L, Ni X, Lin G. Role of adipocytokines in endometrial cancer progression. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1090227. [PMID: 36578551 PMCID: PMC9791063 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1090227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is considered a significant barrier to increasing life expectancy and remains one of the most common malignant cancers among women in many countries worldwide. The increasing mortality rates are potentially proportional to the increasing obesity incidence. Adipose tissue secretes numerous adipocytokines, which may play important roles in endometrial cancer progression. In this scenario, we describe the role of adipocytokines in cell proliferation, cell invasion, cell adhesion, inflammation, angiogenesis, and anti-apoptotic action. A better understanding of the mechanisms of these adipocytokines may open up new therapeutic avenues for women with endometrial cancer. In the future, larger prospective studies focusing on adipocytokines and specific inhibitors should be directed at preventing the rapidly increasing prevalence of gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Fang Dong
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Xiuqin Ni
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Guozhi Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital to Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China,*Correspondence: Guozhi Lin,
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Purdie AC, Plain KM, Pooley H, Begg DJ, de Silva K, Whittington RJ. Correlates of vaccine protection against Mycobacterium avium sub-species paratuberculosis infection revealed in a transcriptomic study of responses in Gudair ® vaccinated sheep. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1004237. [PMID: 36504842 PMCID: PMC9729357 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1004237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical hindrance in the development of effective vaccine strategies to combat infectious disease is lack of knowledge about correlates of protection and of the host responses necessary for successful adaptive immunity. Often vaccine formulations are developed by stepwise experimentation, with incomplete investigation of the fundamental mechanisms of protection. Gudair® is a commercially available vaccine registered for use in sheep and goats for controlling spread of Mycobacterium avium sub-species paratuberculosis (MAP) infections and reduces mortality by up to 90%. Here, using an experimental infection model in sheep, we have utilized a transcriptomics approach to identify white blood cell gene expression changes in vaccinated, MAP-exposed Merino sheep with a protective response in comparison to those vaccinated animals that failed to develop immunity to MAP infection. This methodology facilitated an overview of gene-associated functional pathway adaptations using an in-silico analysis approach. We identified a group of genes that were activated in the vaccine-protected animals and confirmed stability of expression in samples obtained from naturally exposed commercially maintained sheep. We propose these genes as correlates of vaccine induced protection.
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Signaling Pathways in Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Update of Therapeutic Strategies. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes represent a pivotal element in the development and complications of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Targeting these processes can lead to the alleviation of cardiomyocyte (CM) injury and the increase of reparative mechanisms. Loss of CMs from inflammation-associated cardiac diseases often results in heart failure (HF). Evidence of the crosstalk between nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), Hippo, and mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been reported in manifold immune responses and cardiac pathologies. Since these signaling cascades regulate a broad array of biological tasks in diverse cell types, their misregulation is responsible for the pathogenesis of many cardiac and vascular disorders, including cardiomyopathies and atherosclerosis. In response to a myriad of proinflammatory cytokines, which induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, several molecular mechanisms are activated within the heart to inaugurate the structural remodeling of the organ. This review provides a global landscape of intricate protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks between key constituents of NF-κB, Hippo, and mTOR signaling pathways as quintessential targetable candidates for the therapy of cardiovascular and inflammation-related diseases.
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Pan Y, Suga A, Kimura I, Kimura C, Minegishi Y, Nakayama M, Yoshitake K, Iejima D, Minematsu N, Yamamoto M, Mabuchi F, Takamoto M, Shiga Y, Araie M, Kashiwagi K, Aihara M, Nakazawa T, Iwata T. METTL23 mutation alters histone H3R17 methylation in normal-tension glaucoma. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e153589. [PMID: 36099048 PMCID: PMC9621137 DOI: 10.1172/jci153589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death leading to cupping of the optic nerve head and visual field loss at normal intraocular pressure (IOP). The pathogenesis of NTG remains unclear. Here, we describe a single nucleotide mutation in exon 2 of the methyltransferase-like 23 (METTL23) gene identified in 3 generations of a Japanese family with NTG. This mutation caused METTL23 mRNA aberrant splicing, which abolished normal protein production and altered subcellular localization. Mettl23-knock-in (Mettl23+/G and Mettl23G/G) and -knockout (Mettl23+/- and Mettl23-/-) mice developed a glaucoma phenotype without elevated IOP. METTL23 is a histone arginine methyltransferase expressed in murine and macaque RGCs. However, the novel mutation reduced METTL23 expression in RGCs of Mettl23G/G mice, which recapitulated both clinical and biological phenotypes. Moreover, our findings demonstrated that METTL23 catalyzed the dimethylation of H3R17 in the retina and was required for the transcription of pS2, an estrogen receptor α target gene that was critical for RGC homeostasis through the negative regulation of NF-κB-mediated TNF-α and IL-1β feedback. These findings suggest an etiologic role of METTL23 in NTG with tissue-specific pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Pan
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Suga
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itaru Kimura
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuriko Minegishi
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mao Nakayama
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Yoshitake
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Iejima
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Minematsu
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Yamamoto
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- JAC Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Mabuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | | | - Yukihiro Shiga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Araie
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Kanto Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Kashiwagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwata
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Xu XY, Moon SK, Kim JK, Kim WJ, Kim YJ, Kim H. Structural properties and anti-dermatitis effects of flavonoids-loaded gold nanoparticles prepared by Eupatorium japonicum. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1055378. [PMID: 36386212 PMCID: PMC9659597 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1055378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, green synthesis-based nanoformulations using plants or microorganisms have attracted great interest because of their several advantages. Nanotechnology-based biological macromolecules are emerging materials with potential applications in cosmetics and medications for ameliorating and treating inflammatory skin diseases (ISDs). Eupatorium japonicum (EJ), a native Korean medicinal plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, has been traditionally used to prepare prescriptions for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. EJ-based gold nanoparticles (EJ-AuNPs) were biosynthesized under optimal conditions and characterized their physicochemical properties using various microscopic and spectrometric techniques. Additionally, the effects of EJ-AuNPs on ISDs as well as their underlying mechanisms were investigated in the tumor necrosis factor-α/interferon-γ (T+I)-induced skin HaCaT keratinocytes. The MTT and live/dead cell staining assays showed that EJ-AuNP treatment was considerably safer than EJ treatment alone in HaCaT cells. Moreover, EJ-AuNP treatment effectively suppressed the production of T+I-stimulated inflammatory cytokines (RANTES, TARC, CTACK, IL-6, and IL-8) and intracellular reactive oxygen species, and such EJ-driven anti-inflammatory effects were shown to be associated with the downregulation of intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. The present study provides preliminary results and a valuable strategy for developing novel anti-skin dermatitis drug candidates using plant extract-based gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yue Xu
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, And College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Woo Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, And College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
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Wang R, Moon SK, Kim WJ, Dhandapani S, Kim H, Kim YJ. Biologically Synthesized Rosa rugosa-Based Gold Nanoparticles Suppress Skin Inflammatory Responses via MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathway in TNF-α/IFN-γ-Induced HaCaT Keratinocytes. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35951-35960. [PMID: 36249362 PMCID: PMC9558598 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-applied materials and related therapeutics have gained attention for treating inflammatory skin diseases. The beach rose (Rosa rugosa), belonging to the family Rosaceae, is a perennial, deciduous woody shrub endemic to northeastern Asia. In this study, R. rugosa-based gold nanoparticles (RR-AuNPs) were biologically synthesized under optimal conditions to explore their potential as anti-inflammatory agents for treating skin inflammation. The synthesized RR-AuNPs were analyzed using field emission-transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, selected-area electron diffraction, and X-ray diffraction. The uniformly well-structured AuNPs showed near-spherical and polygonal shapes. Cell viability evaluation and optical observation results showed that the RR-AuNPs were absorbed by human keratinocytes without causing cytotoxic effects. The effects of RR-AuNPs on the skin inflammatory response were investigated in human keratinocytes treated with tumor necrosis factor-α/interferon-γ (T + I). The results showed that T + I-stimulated increases in inflammatory mediators, including chemokines, interleukins, and reactive oxygen species, were significantly suppressed by RR-AuNP treatment in a concentration-dependent manner. The western blotting results indicated that the RR-AuNP-mediated anti-inflammatory effects were highly associated with the suppression of inflammatory signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor-κB. These results demonstrate that plant extract-based AuNPs are novel anti-inflammatory candidates for topical application to treat skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbo Wang
- Graduate
School of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Deogyeong-daero 1732, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department
of Food and Nutrition, Chung Ang University, Seodong-daero 4726, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido
Business and Science Accelerator, Gwanggyo-ro 147, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16229, Republic
of Korea
| | - Sanjeevram Dhandapani
- Graduate
School of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Deogyeong-daero 1732, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department
of Food and Nutrition, Chung Ang University, Seodong-daero 4726, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Graduate
School of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Deogyeong-daero 1732, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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van Schouwenburg P, Unger S, Payne KJ, Kaiser FMP, Pico-Knijnenburg I, Pfeiffer J, Hausmann O, Friedmann D, Erbel M, Seidl M, van Zessen D, Stubbs AP, van der Burg M, Warnatz K. Deciphering imprints of impaired memory B-cell maturation in germinal centers of three patients with common variable immunodeficiency. Front Immunol 2022; 13:959002. [PMID: 36275744 PMCID: PMC9582261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.959002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), characterized by recurrent infections, low serum class-switched immunoglobulin isotypes, and poor antigen-specific antibody responses, comprises a heterogeneous patient population in terms of clinical presentation and underlying etiology. The diagnosis is regularly associated with a severe decrease of germinal center (GC)-derived B-cell populations in peripheral blood. However, data from B-cell differentiation within GC is limited. We present a multiplex approach combining histology, flow cytometry, and B-cell receptor repertoire analysis of sorted GC B-cell populations allowing the modeling of distinct disturbances in GCs of three CVID patients. Our results reflect pathophysiological heterogeneity underlying the reduced circulating pool of post-GC memory B cells and plasmablasts in the three patients. In patient 1, quantitative and qualitative B-cell development in GCs is relatively normal. In patient 2, irregularly shaped GCs are associated with reduced somatic hypermutation (SHM), antigen selection, and class-switching, while in patient 3, high SHM, impaired antigen selection, and class-switching with large single clones imply increased re-cycling of cells within the irregularly shaped GCs. In the lymph nodes of patients 2 and 3, only limited numbers of memory B cells and plasma cells are formed. While reduced numbers of circulating post GC B cells are a general phenomenon in CVID, the integrated approach exemplified distinct defects during GC maturation ranging from near normal morphology and function to severe disturbances with different facets of impaired maturation of memory B cells and/or plasma cells. Integrated dissection of disturbed GC B-cell maturation by histology, flow cytometry, and BCR repertoire analysis contributes to unraveling defects in the essential steps during memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline van Schouwenburg
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Susanne Unger
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathryn J. Payne
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian M. P. Kaiser
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Pico-Knijnenburg
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jens Pfeiffer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - David Friedmann
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Erbel
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Seidl
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Heinrich Heine University and University Hospital of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - David van Zessen
- Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrew P. Stubbs
- Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children’s Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Klaus Warnatz,
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Zhang R, Wu Z, Li M, Yang J, Cheng R, Hu T. Canonical and noncanonical pyroptosis are both activated in periodontal inflammation and bone resorption. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:1183-1197. [PMID: 36146901 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Pyroptosis has both a caspase-1-dependent canonical pathway and a caspase-4/-5/-11-dependent noncanonical pathway. They play an important role in inflammatory damage and related diseases. Canonical pyroptosis was reported to be involved in periodontitis. However, knowledge of caspase-4/-5/-11-dependent noncanonical pathway involvement remains limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of pyroptosis inhibition on periodontitis as well as the possible mechanism, in order to provide a potential target for alleviating periodontitis. METHODS Human and rat periodontitis tissues were collected for immunohistochemistry (IHC). Micro-computed tomography was used to assess alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis model. Pyroptosis-related proteins were tested by western blot. propidium iodide staining and lactate dehydrogenase release were used to verify pyroptosis activation. RNA sequencing was applied to investigate the preliminary mechanism of the reduced periodontal inflammation induced by YVAD-CHO. RESULTS Both canonical- and noncanonical-related proteins were detected in human and rat periodontitis tissue. The pyroptosis-inhibited group demonstrated less inflammatory response and bone absorption. In vitro, pyroptosis was activated by lipopolysaccharide and inhibited by YVAD-CHO. RNA sequencing demonstrated that the expression of A20 and IκB-ζ was increased and verified by western blot in vitro and IHC in vivo. CONCLUSION These results suggest that inhibition of pyroptosis-reduced inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ran Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Center of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Gupta S, Guleria RS. Involvement of Nuclear Factor-κB in Inflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Associated with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132034. [PMID: 35805118 PMCID: PMC9265339 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric condition which develops either due to stress or witnessing a traumatic situation. PTSD is characterized by acute and chronic stress response exhibit anxiety, fear, and an increased inflammatory etiology. Inflammation contributes a critical role in several parts of the brain that control fear and flashback cognatic function. It is known that impairment of the neurological circuit leads to the development of PTSD. Evidence has suggested that dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and inflammatory responsiveness are pivotal and a greater risk in PTSD. NF-κB, a master regulator for inflammation, has been showed to modulate memory reconsolidation and synaptic plasticity; however, NF-κB’s association with PTSD remain elusive. In this review, we provide relevant findings regarding NF-κB activity in various components of brain and describe a potential mechanism linking PTSD using preclinical and clinical models. We envisage NF-κB signaling as a crucial mediator for inflammation, cognitive function, memory restoration and behavioral actions of stress and suggest that it could be used for therapeutic intervention in PTSD.
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Mobeen A, Puniya BL, Ramachandran S. A computational approach to investigate constitutive activation of
NF‐κB. Proteins 2022; 90:1944-1964. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.26388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mobeen
- CSIR – Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar New Delhi India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Bhanwar Lal Puniya
- Department of Biochemistry University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA
| | - Srinivasan Ramachandran
- CSIR – Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar New Delhi India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
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Park YM, Lee HY, Shin DY, Kim DS, Yoo JJ, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Bae JS. Immune-Enhancing Effects of Co-treatment With Kalopanax pictus Nakai Bark and Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner Leaf Extract in a Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Rat Model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:898417. [PMID: 35662944 PMCID: PMC9161550 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.898417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Immune system disorders can result in various pathological conditions, such as infections and cancer. Identifying therapies that enhance the immune response might be crucial for immunocompromised individuals. Therefore, we assessed the immune-enhancing effect of co-treatment with Kalopanax pictus Nakai Bark and Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner leaf extract (KPNN) in a cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced immunosuppressed rat model. Materials and Methods For in vitro studies, macrophages and splenocytes were treated with various KPNN doses in the presence or absence of Cy. Macrophage viability, nitric oxide production, splenocyte viability, cytokine production and natural killer (NK) cell activity were analyzed. For in vivo studies, analysis of weekly body weight, dietary intake, tissue weight, immune-related blood cell count, cytokine levels, and spleen biopsy was performed in a Cy-induced immunocompromised animal model. Results KPNN significantly increased phospho-NF-κB and phospho-ERK protein levels and cell viability in macrophages. KPNN significantly increased the NK cell activity in splenocytes compared to that in the control. Cy treatment decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and interferon-γ production. In the Cy-induced immunosuppression rat model, KPNN-treated rats had significantly higher body weights and tissue weights than the Cy-treated rats. Additionally, KPNN treatment restored the immune-related factors, such as total leukocyte, lymphocyte, and intermediate cell contents, to their normal levels in the blood. The blood cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were increased, and spleen tissue damage was significantly alleviated. Conclusions Collectively, KPNN exerts an immune-enhancing effect suggesting their potential as an immunostimulatory agent or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dae Sung Kim
- Central Research and Development, Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Jin Joo Yoo
- Central Research and Development, Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | | | - Min Jung Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jun Sang Bae,
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Shin HY, Hwang KC, Mi XJ, Moon SK, Kim YJ, Kim H. Rhamnogalacturonan I-rich polysaccharide isolated from fermented persimmon fruit increases macrophage-stimulatory activity by activating MAPK and NF-κB signaling. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2846-2854. [PMID: 34741313 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) is a familiar and widespread fruit, cultivated worldwide. To date, physiological and chemical changes in fermented persimmon fruit and its active compounds have been rarely investigated. Moreover, comparative studies on the pharmacological activities of fermented persimmon fruit-derived compounds have not been reported. RESULTS To investigate the effect of traditional fermented foods on immunostimulatory activity, non-fermented persimmon fruit (D. kaki, DK) and fermented persimmon fruit (fermented D. kaki, FDK) were prepared and further fractionated into low- and high-molecular weight fractions. FDK exhibited significantly higher activity toward the production of macrophage-stimulatory mediators compared with that of DK, and the high-molecular weight fraction (FDK-H) isolated from FDK was shown to have more potent activity than FDK. FDK-H not only increased the expression of immunostimulatory genes (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, and iNOS), but also stimulated the phosphorylation of both MAPK (ERK, JNK, and p38) and NF-κB (p65 and IκB) signaling molecules underlying macrophage activation. The putative chemical characteristic of FDK-H was identified as a pectic rhamnogalacturonan (RG) I-rich polysaccharide with a high molecular weight of 304 kDa containing galacturonic acid, arabinose, rhamnose, and galactose as the major monosaccharide units. CONCLUSION The present study reveals that traditional fermentation is a useful method for increasing the macrophage-immunostimulatory activity of persimmon fruit, and the increased activity may be associated with structural modification of persimmon polysaccharides. This study may serve to identify a functional ingredient as an immunostimulatory agent, and our results may be applied to develop a new immunostimulatory product using FDK-H. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Shin
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health System, Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Cheol Hwang
- Rafarophe Co, Venture Research Center, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiao-Jie Mi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
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Bernardazzi C, Castelo-Branco MTL, Pêgo B, Ribeiro BE, Rosas SLB, Santana PT, Machado JC, Leal C, Thompson F, Coutinho-Silva R, de Souza HSP. The P2X7 Receptor Promotes Colorectal Inflammation and Tumorigenesis by Modulating Gut Microbiota and the Inflammasome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094616. [PMID: 35563010 PMCID: PMC9099551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Given the role of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), we investigated its role in the development and progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CA-CRC). Methods: CA-CRC was induced in P2X7R+/+ and P2X7R−/− mice with azoxymethane (AOM) combined with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). In a therapeutic protocol, P2X7R+/+ mice were treated with a P2X7R-selective inhibitor (A740003). Mice were evaluated with follow-up video endoscopy with endoluminal ultrasound biomicroscopy. Colon tissue was analyzed for histological changes, densities of immune cells, expression of transcription factors, cytokines, genes, DNA methylation, and microbiome composition of fecal samples by sequencing for 16S rRNA. Results: The P2X7R+/+ mice displayed more ulcers, tumors, and greater wall thickness, than the P2X7R−/− and the P2X7R+/+ mice treated with A740003. The P2X7R+/+ mice showed increased accumulation of immune cells, production of proinflammatory cytokines, activation of intracellular signaling pathways, and upregulation of NLRP3 and NLRP12 genes, stabilized after the P2X7R-blockade. Microbial changes were observed in the P2X7R−/− and P2X7R+/+-induced mice, partially reversed by the A740003 treatment. Conclusions: Regulatory mechanisms activated downstream of the P2X7R in combination with signals from a dysbiotic microbiota result in the activation of intracellular signaling pathways and the inflammasome, amplifying the inflammatory response and promoting CA-CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Bernardazzi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Morgana Teixeira Lima Castelo-Branco
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Pêgo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Beatriz Elias Ribeiro
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Siane Lopes Bittencourt Rosas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Patrícia Teixeira Santana
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - João Carlos Machado
- Biomedical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Camille Leal
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Fabiano Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil;
| | - Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rua Diniz Cordeiro 30, Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-39382669
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Li YC, Wang Y, Zou W. Exploration on the Mechanism of Ubiquitin Proteasome System in Cerebral Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:814463. [PMID: 35462700 PMCID: PMC9022456 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.814463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke’s secondary damage, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, are thought to be crucial factors in the disease’s progression. Despite the fact that there are numerous treatments for secondary damage following stroke, such as antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulant therapy, surgery, and so on, the results are disappointing and the side effects are numerous. It is critical to develop novel and effective strategies for improving patient prognosis. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the hub for the processing and metabolism of a wide range of functional regulatory proteins in cells. It is critical for the maintenance of cell homeostasis. With the advancement of UPS research in recent years, it has been discovered that UPS is engaged in a variety of physiological and pathological processes in the human body. UPS is expected to play a role in the onset and progression of stroke via multiple targets and pathways. This paper explores the method by which UPS participates in the linked pathogenic process following stroke, in order to give a theoretical foundation for further research into UPS and stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chao Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wei Zou
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zou,
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I226R Protein of African Swine Fever Virus Is a Suppressor of Innate Antiviral Responses. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030575. [PMID: 35336982 PMCID: PMC8951476 DOI: 10.3390/v14030575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever is one of the most devastating swine diseases caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). Although ASFV encodes more than 160 viral proteins, the implication of a majority of ASFV proteins in regulating host immunity is yet to be explored, and the mechanisms of immune evasion by ASFV proteins are largely unknown. Here, we report that the I226R protein of ASFV significantly suppressed innate immune responses. The ectopic expression of ASFV I226R in 293T cells significantly inhibited the activation of interferon-stimulated response element promoters triggered by Sendai virus (SeV), poly(I:C), or cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/STING. The I226R protein caused a significant decrease in the expression of interferons and interferon-stimulating genes in cells infected with SeV. Similar results were obtained from experiments using I226R-overexpressed PK15 and 3D4/21 cells stimulated with vesicular stomatitis virus. We observed that I226R inhibited the activation of both nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Furthermore, it was shown that overexpression of I226R suppressed IRF3 activation and caused the degradation of NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) protein. The I226R-induced NEMO degradation could be prevented by treatment with MG132, a proteasome inhibitor. Together, these results reveal that the ASFV I226R protein impairs antiviral responses, likely through multiple mechanisms including the suppression of NF-κB and IRF3 activation, to counteract innate immune responses during the viral infection.
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Höltig D, Reiner G. [Opportunities and risks of the use of genetic resistances to infectious diseases in pigs - an overview]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2022; 50:46-58. [PMID: 35235982 DOI: 10.1055/a-1751-3531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Demands for health, performance and welfare in pigs, as well as the desire for consumer protection and reduced antibiotic use, require optimal measures in advance of disease development. This includes, in principle, the use of genetically more resistant lines and breeding animals, whose existence has been proven for a wide range of pathogen-host interactions. In addition, attempts are being made to identify the gene variants responsible for disease resistance in order to force the selection of suitable populations, also using modern biotechnical technics. The present work is intended to provide an overview of the research status achieved in this context and to highlight opportunities and risks for the future.The evaluation of the international literature shows that genetic disease resistance exist in many areas of swine diseases. However, polygenic inheritance, lack of animal models and the influence of environmental factors during evaluation render their implementation in practical breeding programs demanding. This is where modern molecular genetic methods, such as Gene Editing, come into play. Both approaches possess their pros and cons, which are discussed in this paper. The most important infectious diseases in pigs, including general diseases and epizootics, diseases of the respiratory and digestive tract and diseases of the immune system are taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Höltig
- Klinik für kleine Klauentiere, forensische Medizin und Ambulatorische Klinik, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
| | - Gerald Reiner
- Klinikum Veterinärmedizin, Justus-Liebig-Universität
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Sangare K, Helmold Hait S, Moore M, Hogge C, Hoang T, Rahman MA, Venzon DJ, LaBranche C, Montefiori D, Robert-Guroff M, Thomas MA. E4orf1 Suppresses E1B-Deleted Adenovirus Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020295. [PMID: 35214753 PMCID: PMC8875587 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As demonstrated by the recent COVID pandemic, vaccines can reduce the burden arising from infectious agents. Adenoviruses (Ads) with deletion of the early region 1B55K (ΔE1B Ad) are currently being explored for use in vaccine delivery. ΔE1B Ads are different from Ads with deletions in early region 1 and early region 3 (ΔE1/E3) used in most Ad vaccine vectors in that they contain the Ad early region 1A (E1A), and therefore the ability to replicate. Common to almost all Ads that are being explored for clinical use is the Ad early region 4 (E4). Among the E4 genes is open reading frame 1 (E4orf1), which mediates signals through the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway that is known to modulate immune responses. This suggests that E4orf1 might also modulate immune responses, although it has remained unexplored in ΔE1B Ad. Here, we show that cells infected with an E1B55K and E4orf1-deleted (ΔE41) Ad exhibited reduced levels of phosphorylated Akt (Ser473 and Thr308)) and expressed different intrinsic innate immune cytokines from those induced in cells infected with an E4orf1-containing, ΔE1B parental Ad that exhibited elevated levels of phosphorylated Akt. Rhesus macaques immunized with a ΔE41 Ad that expressed rhFLSC (HIV-1BaL gp120 linked to rhesus CD4 D1 and D2), exhibited higher levels of rhFLSC-specific interferon γ-producing memory T-cells, higher titers of rhFLSC-specific IgG1 binding antibody in serum, and antibodies able to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) with greater killing capacity than the ΔE1B Ad. Therefore, E4orf1, perhaps by acting through the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway, limits intrinsic innate and system-wide adaptive immune responses that are important for improved ΔE1B Ad-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotou Sangare
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA; (K.S.); (M.M.)
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.H.H.); (C.H.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (M.R.-G.)
| | - Sabrina Helmold Hait
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.H.H.); (C.H.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (M.R.-G.)
| | - Madison Moore
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA; (K.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Christopher Hogge
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.H.H.); (C.H.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (M.R.-G.)
| | - Tanya Hoang
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.H.H.); (C.H.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (M.R.-G.)
| | - Mohammad Arif Rahman
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.H.H.); (C.H.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (M.R.-G.)
| | - David J. Venzon
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Celia LaBranche
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (C.L.); (D.M.)
| | - David Montefiori
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (C.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Marjorie Robert-Guroff
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.H.H.); (C.H.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (M.R.-G.)
| | - Michael A. Thomas
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA; (K.S.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-202-806-6941
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Li Y, Liu X, Ma Z. EGFR, NF-κB and noncoding RNAs in precision medicine. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 190:189-218. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Heterogeneity of Infiltrating Immune Cell Profiles in the Hepatic Cystic Echinococcosis Microenvironment. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0029721. [PMID: 34491790 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00297-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cystic echinococcosis, caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, has been reported a near-cosmopolitan zoonotic disease. Various infiltrating immune cells gather around the lesion and produce a lesion microenvironment; however, cellular composition and heterogeneity in hepatic cystic echinococcosis lesion microenvironments are incompletely understood. Here, 81,865 immune cells isolated from peripheral blood, perilesion liver tissue, and adjacent normal liver tissue from four cystic echinococcosis patients were profiled using single-cell RNA sequencing. We identified 23 discrete cell populations and found distinct differences in infiltrating immune cells between tissue environments. Despite the significant similarity between perilesion and adjacent normal liver tissue-resident immune cells, the cellular proportions of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were higher in perilesion liver tissue. Interestingly, the immunosuppressive gene NFKBIA was upregulated in these cells. Seven subsets of CD4+ T cell populations were found, and there were more regulatory-CD4+ T cells (Treg-CD4+) and Th2-CD4+ T cells in perilesion tissue than in adjacent normal tissue. There was close contact between CD4+ T cells and ILC2s and pDCs, which caused upregulation of genes related to positive immune activity in adjacent normal liver tissue. However, expression of genes related to immunosuppression, especially the immune inhibitory checkpoint gene NKG2A/HLA-E, was obviously higher in perilesion tissue, suggesting that cellular interaction resulted in an inhibitory microenvironment in the cystic echinococcosis (CE) lesion. This work offers new insights into the transcriptional heterogeneity of infiltrating immune cells in hepatic cystic echinococcosis lesion microenvironments at a single-cell level and provides potential target signatures for diagnosis and immunotherapies.
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Pacheco R, Quezada SA, Kalergis AM, Becker MI, Ferreira J, De Ioannes AE. Allergens of the urushiol family promote mitochondrial dysfunction by inhibiting the electron transport at the level of cytochromes b and chemically modify cytochrome c 1. Biol Res 2021; 54:35. [PMID: 34711292 PMCID: PMC8554850 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-021-00357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Urushiols are pro-electrophilic haptens that cause severe contact dermatitis mediated by CD8+ effector T-cells and downregulated by CD4+ T-cells. However, the molecular mechanism by which urushiols stimulate innate immunity in the initial stages of this allergic reaction is poorly understood. Here we explore the sub-cellular mechanisms by which urushiols initiate the allergic response. Results Electron microscopy observations of mouse ears exposed to litreol (3-n-pentadecyl-10-enyl-catechol]) showed keratinocytes containing swollen mitochondria with round electron-dense inclusion bodies in the matrix. Biochemical analyses of sub-mitochondrial fractions revealed an inhibitory effect of urushiols on electron flow through the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which requires both the aliphatic and catecholic moieties of these allergens. Moreover, urushiols extracted from poison ivy/oak (mixtures of 3-n-pentadecyl-8,11,13 enyl/3-n-heptadecyl-8,11 enyl catechol) exerted a higher inhibitory effect on mitochondrial respiration than did pentadecyl catechol or litreol, indicating that the higher number of unsaturations in the aliphatic chain, stronger the allergenicity of urushiols. Furthermore, the analysis of radioactive proteins isolated from mitochondria incubated with 3H-litreol, indicated that this urushiol was bound to cytochrome c1. According to the proximity of cytochromes c1 and b, functional evidence indicated the site of electron flow inhibition was within complex III, in between cytochromes bL (cyt b566) and bH (cyt b562). Conclusion Our data provide functional and molecular evidence indicating that the interruption of the mitochondrial electron transport chain constitutes an important mechanism by which urushiols initiates the allergic response. Thus, mitochondria may constitute a source of cellular targets for generating neoantigens involved in the T-cell mediated allergy induced by urushiols. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40659-021-00357-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile. .,Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, London, England, UK
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Inés Becker
- Fundación Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (FUCITED), Santiago, Chile.,Department of Research and Development, Biosonda Corporation, Santiago, Chile.,Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo E De Ioannes
- Department of Research and Development, Biosonda Corporation, Santiago, Chile.,Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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50
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Söllner JH, Mettenleiter TC, Petersen B. Genome Editing Strategies to Protect Livestock from Viral Infections. Viruses 2021; 13:1996. [PMID: 34696426 PMCID: PMC8539128 DOI: 10.3390/v13101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The livestock industry is constantly threatened by viral disease outbreaks, including infections with zoonotic potential. While preventive vaccination is frequently applied, disease control and eradication also depend on strict biosecurity measures. Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and associated proteins (Cas) have been repurposed as genome editors to induce targeted double-strand breaks at almost any location in the genome. Thus, CRISPR/Cas genome editors can also be utilized to generate disease-resistant or resilient livestock, develop vaccines, and further understand virus-host interactions. Genes of interest in animals and viruses can be targeted to understand their functions during infection. Furthermore, transgenic animals expressing CRISPR/Cas can be generated to target the viral genome upon infection. Genetically modified livestock can thereby reduce disease outbreaks and decrease zoonotic threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny-Helena Söllner
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 31535 Neustadt am Rübenberge, Germany;
| | | | - Björn Petersen
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 31535 Neustadt am Rübenberge, Germany;
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