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Effectiveness of the whole-cell pertussis vaccine produced in Poland against different Bordetella parapertussis isolates in the mouse intranasal challenge model. Vaccine 2011; 29:5488-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Nieves W, Heang J, Asakrah S, Höner zu Bentrup K, Roy CJ, Morici LA. Immunospecific responses to bacterial elongation factor Tu during Burkholderia infection and immunization. PLoS One 2010; 5:e14361. [PMID: 21179405 PMCID: PMC3003680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is the etiological agent of melioidosis, a disease endemic in parts of Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. Currently there is no licensed vaccine against infection with this biological threat agent. In this study, we employed an immunoproteomic approach and identified bacterial Elongation factor-Tu (EF-Tu) as a potential vaccine antigen. EF-Tu is membrane-associated, secreted in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), and immunogenic during Burkholderia infection in the murine model of melioidosis. Active immunization with EF-Tu induced antigen-specific antibody and cell-mediated immune responses in mice. Mucosal immunization with EF-Tu also reduced lung bacterial loads in mice challenged with aerosolized B. thailandensis. Our data support the utility of EF-Tu as a novel vaccine immunogen against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wildaliz Nieves
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Julie Heang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Saja Asakrah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Kerstin Höner zu Bentrup
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Chad J. Roy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Lisa A. Morici
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Komatsu E, Yamaguchi F, Eguchi M, Watanabe M. Protective effects of vaccines against Bordetella parapertussis in a mouse intranasal challenge model. Vaccine 2010; 28:4362-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Elahi S, Holmstrom J, Gerdts V. The benefits of using diverse animal models for studying pertussis. Trends Microbiol 2007; 15:462-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2007.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2007] [Revised: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 09/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mingomataj EC, Rudzeviciene O. From latent incubation launched into hostile symptomatic pathology: A probable survival strategy for common respiratory infectious agents. Med Hypotheses 2006; 68:397-400. [PMID: 16962725 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2006] [Revised: 06/24/2006] [Accepted: 06/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Common respiratory infections usually show a latent incubation period, followed by an acute stage. Finally, due to new synthesis of specific antibodies, the relative microorganisms undergo a massive eradication from hostile organism. Meanwhile, clinical symptoms induced by innate immunity mechanisms during these pathologies are assumed properly as host attempts for the expulsion of infectious agents. Some studies have demonstrated the existence of immuno-modulatory abilities by different infectious agents, which can inhibit inflammatory response and the development of respective symptoms by hostile organisms, especially during incubatory period. In contrast, after the incubatory period microorganisms-induced immuno-inhibitory effects may undergo a reduction, and in the meantime clinical symptoms appear a few days before the hostile organism synthesizes specific antibodies, which can eradicate these pathogens. From the evolutionary viewpoint of microorganisms, maybe induction of pathologic symptoms even before the period of specific hostile antibody synthesis, but not at beginning of infection, could play a particular adaptive role. Such scenario first could assure a maximal multiplication for the infectious agents, whereas later attempts to support the host abandonment, even due to induction of clinical expulsive symptoms. The existence of related pathologies since ancient times leads to the suggestion that perhaps the induction of such diseases is not a purpose per se for such pathogens, but rather an instrument to provide for host abandonment on time to catch a next one, assuring therefore maximal successive reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ervin C Mingomataj
- Mother Theresa School of Medicine, Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Rruga Myslym Shyri, Pall. 47, Apt. 15, Tirana, Albania.
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Elahi S, Buchanan RM, Babiuk LA, Gerdts V. Maternal immunity provides protection against pertussis in newborn piglets. Infect Immun 2006; 74:2619-27. [PMID: 16622198 PMCID: PMC1459731 DOI: 10.1128/iai.74.5.2619-2627.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pertussis continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children worldwide. Methods to control the disease are based on vaccination with either whole-cell or acellular vaccines or treatment with antibiotics. However, despite worldwide vaccination infants are still at the highest risk for the disease. Here we used our newly developed newborn-piglet model to investigate whether transfer of maternal immunity can protect newborn piglets against infection with Bordetella pertussis. Pregnant sows were vaccinated with heat-inactivated B. pertussis or treated with saline (controls). Newborn piglets were allowed to suckle colostrum and milk for 4 to 5 days before they were challenged with 5 x 10(9) CFU of bacteria intrapulmonarily. Elevated levels of B. pertussis-specific secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) and IgG antibodies were found in the colostrum and serum of vaccinated sows but not in those of control sows. Subsequently, significant levels of specific IgG and S-IgA were detected in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of piglets born to vaccinated sows. Following infection with 5 x 10(9) CFU of B. pertussis, clinical symptoms, pathological alterations, and bacterial shedding were significantly reduced in piglets that had received passively transferred immunity. Thus, our results demonstrate that maternal immunization might represent an alternative approach to provide protection against pertussis in young infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokrollah Elahi
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada
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Wolfe DN, Kirimanjeswara GS, Harvill ET. Clearance of Bordetella parapertussis from the lower respiratory tract requires humoral and cellular immunity. Infect Immun 2005; 73:6508-13. [PMID: 16177324 PMCID: PMC1230969 DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.10.6508-6513.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella parapertussis and Bordetella pertussis are closely related species that cause whooping cough, an acute, immunizing disease. Their coexistence in the same host populations at the same time and vaccine studies showing that B. pertussis vaccines have little effect on B. parapertussis infection or disease suggest that the protective immunity induced by each does not efficiently cross protect against the other. Although the mechanisms of protective immunity to B. pertussis have been well studied, those of B. parapertussis have not. The present study explores the mechanism by which B. parapertussis is cleared from the lower respiratory tract by anamnestic immunity. Serum antibodies are necessary and sufficient for elimination of this bacterium, and CD4(+) T cells, complement, and neutrophils are required for serum antibody-mediated clearance. Mice lacking immunoglobulin A had no defect in their ability to control or clear infection. Interestingly, serum antibody-mediated clearance of B. parapertussis did not require Fc receptors that are required for antibody-mediated clearance of B. pertussis. Together these data support a model for the mechanism of protective immunity to B. parapertussis that is similar but distinct from that of B. pertussis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Wolfe
- Department of Veterinary Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA
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Bjørnstad ON, Harvill ET. Evolution and emergence of Bordetella in humans. Trends Microbiol 2005; 13:355-9. [PMID: 15990312 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2005.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2005] [Revised: 06/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Two highly infectious bordetellae, Bordetella pertussis and B. parapertussis, have emerged in historical times as co-dominant in human populations. Both of these cause acute disease (whooping cough), whereas their progenitor, B. bronchiseptica, is of variable virulence in a wide variety of animals. The remarkably close phylogenetic relatedness of these three bordetellae and the two independent jumps to humans provide a unique opportunity to examine the evolution and genetics involved in the emergence of acute human pathogens. We hypothesize that the more virulent strains in humans reflects how acutely infectious pathogens might be favored in communities with large contact networks. Furthermore, we suggest that the differential expression of the various virulence factors by the two human pathogens can be explained by immune-mediated competition between the strains. The evolutionarily favored strategies of both of the human bordetellae result in immunizing infections and acute epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottar N Bjørnstad
- Departments of Entomology and Biology Penn State University, 501 ASI Building, University Park, PA 16803, USA.
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Elahi S, Brownlie R, Korzeniowski J, Buchanan R, O'Connor B, Peppler MS, Halperin SA, Lee SF, Babiuk LA, Gerdts V. Infection of newborn piglets with Bordetella pertussis: a new model for pertussis. Infect Immun 2005; 73:3636-45. [PMID: 15908393 PMCID: PMC1111856 DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.6.3636-3645.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of pertussis or whooping cough. This bacterium is a human pathogen that under experimental conditions also infects selected rodents and primates. Here, we show for the first time that newborn piglets can be infected with B. pertussis when it is delivered intrapulmonarily. Infected piglets displayed fever and respiratory symptoms, such as nasal discharge, nonparoxysmal coughing, and breathing difficulties. Eventually, all infected animals developed severe bronchopneumonia, which in some cases was combined with a fibrinous pleuritits. Immunohistochemical staining revealed the presence of large numbers of B. pertussis cells within airways, adhering to the epithelial lining or phagocytosed by macrophages and neutrophils. Viable bacteria were reisolated from bronchoalveolar lavages and lung lesions for more than 10 days postinfection. The systemic presence of pertussis toxin was shown by hypoglycemia, lymphocytosis, and induction of a clustered pattern of CHO cells by serum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples. Thus, a large-animal model for pertussis was developed, which should complement existing rodent models for identifying the immune responses relevant to the design of new vaccines. In particular, this model should help researchers analyze the roles of both maternal and mucosal immunity in disease protection against pertussis and should ultimately assist in the design of new vaccines for early life protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Elahi
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon S7N 5E3, Canada
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Schuijffel DF, van Empel PCM, Pennings AMMA, van Putten JPM, Nuijten PJM. Passive immunization of immune-suppressed animals: Chicken antibodies protect against Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection. Vaccine 2005; 23:3404-11. [PMID: 15837364 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2004] [Revised: 01/14/2005] [Accepted: 01/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Unravelling of the protective immunity acquired during a natural infection may contribute to vaccine development. To assess the role of antibody-mediated immunity in protection against Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in chickens, a novel experimental method was applied that combined immune depletion and passive transfer of immunity within the same host. Administration of cyclophosphamide (CY) to broiler chickens successfully suppressed B lymphocyte development, and therefore humoral immunity, as confirmed by histological and serological analysis. Challenge of CY-treated birds with O. rhinotracheale revealed a significantly higher pathology score in comparison to immune-competent birds that received the same bacterial challenge. Measurement of serum immunoglobulin levels of immune-competent birds revealed a positive correlation between IgA and/or IgG production and protection against infection. Passive transfer of O. rhinotracheale-specific antiserum to the immune-suppressed birds prior to pathogen challenge significantly decreased morbidity. This protective effect was not observed after administration of control sera containing similar concentrations of immunoglobulins. Together, these results provide firm evidence that chicken humoral immunity to O. rhinotracheale is a key component in protection against infection. Our data confirm that the applied immune depletion and reconstitution approach is an attractive tool to analyse the nature of the protective immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Schuijffel
- Intervet International BV, Bacteriology R&D, Wim de Körverstraat 35, Boxmeer 5830 AA, The Netherlands
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Mattoo S, Cherry JD. Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005; 18:326-82. [PMID: 15831828 PMCID: PMC1082800 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.18.2.326-382.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 778] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella respiratory infections are common in people (B. pertussis) and in animals (B. bronchiseptica). During the last two decades, much has been learned about the virulence determinants, pathogenesis, and immunity of Bordetella. Clinically, the full spectrum of disease due to B. pertussis infection is now understood, and infections in adolescents and adults are recognized as the reservoir for cyclic outbreaks of disease. DTaP vaccines, which are less reactogenic than DTP vaccines, are now in general use in many developed countries, and it is expected that the expansion of their use to adolescents and adults will have a significant impact on reducing pertussis and perhaps decrease the circulation of B. pertussis. Future studies should seek to determine the cause of the unique cough which is associated with Bordetella respiratory infections. It is also hoped that data gathered from molecular Bordetella research will lead to a new generation of DTaP vaccines which provide greater efficacy than is provided by today's vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Mattoo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1752, USA
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