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Voronina AK, Arapidi GP. Helicobacter cinaedi bacterium association with atherosclerosis and other diseases. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1371717. [PMID: 38650874 PMCID: PMC11033375 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1371717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter is a genus of spiral-shaped Gram-negative enterohepatic bacteria whose members are capable of causing bacteremia in humans. One of the poorly studied members of this genus is the bacterium Helicobacter cinaedi. This microorganism was first isolated from human fecal samples in 1984. Although it was long considered to be associated with only immunocompromised patients, more evidence in recent years has implicated H. cinaedi in causing serious pathologies in immunocompetent populations. In addition, H. cinaedi is also reported to be associated with a few chronic or severe illnesses, such as atherosclerosis, which in turn can lead to the development of other cardiovascular pathologies: one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Helicobacter cinaedi often goes unnoticed in standard diagnostic methods due to its slow growth under microaerobic conditions. This often leads to significant underdetection and hence undermines the role of this bacterium in the pathogenesis of various diseases and the extent of its spread in humans. In this review, we have compiled information on pathologies associated with H. cinaedi, the occurrence of the bacterium in humans and animals, and the latest developments in diagnosing the bacterium and treating associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice K. Voronina
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgij P. Arapidi
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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2
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Gotoh Y, Atsuta Y, Taniguchi T, Nishida R, Nakamura K, Ogura Y, Misawa N, Hayashi T. Helicobacter cinaedi is a human-adapted lineage in the Helicobacter cinaedi/canicola/'magdeburgensis' complex. Microb Genom 2022; 8. [PMID: 35536747 PMCID: PMC9465070 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter cinaedi is an enterohepatic Helicobacter that causes bacteremia and other diseases in humans. While H. cinaedi-like strains are isolated from animals, including dog isolates belonging to a recently proposed H. canicola, little is known about the genetic differences between H. cinaedi and these animal isolates. Here, we sequenced 43 H. cinaedi- or H. canicola-like strains isolated from humans, hamsters, rats and dogs and collected 81 genome sequences of H. cinaedi, H. canicola and other enterohepatic Helicobacter strains from public databases. Genomic comparison of these strains identified four distinct clades (clades I–IV) in H. cinaedi/canicola/‘magderbugensis’ (HCCM) complex. Among these, clade I corresponds to H. cinaedi sensu stricto and represents a human-adapted lineage in the complex. We identified several genomic features unique to clade I. They include the accumulation of antimicrobial resistance-related mutations that reflects the human association of clade I and the larger genome size and the presence of a CRISPR-Cas system and multiple toxin-antitoxin and restriction-modification systems, both of which indicate the contribution of horizontal gene transfer to the evolution of clade I. In addition, nearly all clade I strains but only a few strains belonging to one minor clade contained a highly variable genomic region encoding a type VI secretion system (T6SS), which could play important roles in gut colonization by killing competitors or inhibiting their growth. We also developed a method to systematically search for H. cinaedi sequences in large metagenome data sets based on the results of genome comparison. Using this method, we successfully identified multiple HCCM complex-containing human faecal metagenome samples and obtained the sequence information covering almost the entire genome of each strain. Importantly, all were clade I strains, supporting our conclusion that H. cinaedi sensu stricto is a human-adapted lineage in the HCCM complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Gotoh
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuya Atsuta
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Taniguchi
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ruriko Nishida
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiji Nakamura
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Ogura
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoaki Misawa
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hayashi
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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3
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Gotoh Y, Taniguchi T, Yoshimura D, Katsura K, Saeki Y, Hirabara Y, Fukuda M, Takajo I, Tomida J, Kawamura Y, Ogura Y, Itoh T, Misawa N, Okayama A, Hayashi T. Multi-step genomic dissection of a suspected intra-hospital Helicobacter cinaedi outbreak. Microb Genom 2019; 4. [PMID: 30629483 PMCID: PMC6412056 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter cinaedi is an emerging pathogen causing bacteraemia and cellulitis. Nosocomial transmission of this microbe has been described, but detailed molecular-epidemiological analyses have not been performed. Here, we describe the results of a multi-step genome-wide phylogenetic analysis of a suspected intra-hospital outbreak of H. cinaedi that occurred in a hospital in Japan. The outbreak was recognized by the infectious control team (ICT) of the hospital as a sudden increase in H. cinaedi bacteraemia. ICT defined this outbreak case based on 16S rRNA sequence data and epidemiological information, but were unable to determine the source and route of the infections. We therefore re-investigated this case using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). We first performed a species-wide analysis using publicly available genome sequences to understand the level of genomic diversity of this under-studied species. The clusters identified were then separately analysed using the genome sequence of a representative strain in each cluster as a reference. These analyses provided a high-level phylogenetic resolution of each cluster, identified a confident set of outbreak isolates, and discriminated them from other closely related but distinct clones, which were locally circulating and invaded the hospital during the same period. By considering the epidemiological data, possible strain transmission chains were inferred, which highlighted the role of asymptomatic carriers or environmental contamination. The emergence of a subclone with increased resistance to fluoroquinolones in the outbreak was also recognized. Our results demonstrate the impact of the use of a closely related genome as a reference to maximize the power of WGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Gotoh
- 1Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,2Previous address: Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takako Taniguchi
- 3Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Dai Yoshimura
- 4Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Katsura
- 5Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yuji Saeki
- 6Center for Infection Control, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Hirabara
- 6Center for Infection Control, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Mayumi Fukuda
- 6Center for Infection Control, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takajo
- 6Center for Infection Control, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Junko Tomida
- 7Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kawamura
- 7Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Ogura
- 1Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,2Previous address: Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takehiko Itoh
- 4Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoaki Misawa
- 3Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,8Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Akihiko Okayama
- 6Center for Infection Control, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan.,9Department of Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hayashi
- 1Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,2Previous address: Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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4
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Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus canis Clinical Strain TA4, Harboring the M-Like Protein Gene and Isolated in Japan from a Patient with Bacteremia. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/3/e01469-17. [PMID: 29348346 PMCID: PMC5773731 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01469-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus canis is an animal-origin β-hemolytic bacterium that can cause severe infections in animals and occasionally infects humans. Here, we report a draft genome sequence of an S. canis strain harboring the M-like protein gene. This strain was isolated from a patient with bacteremia (reported by Taniyama et al. [D. Taniyama, Y. Abe, T. Sakai, T. Kikuchi, and T. Takahashi, IDCases 7:48–52, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2017.01.002]). The draft genome comprises 2,129,080 bp in 60 contigs.
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5
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Tomida J, Morita Y, Shibayama K, Kikuchi K, Sawa T, Akaike T, Kawamura Y. Diversity and microevolution of CRISPR loci in Helicobacter cinaedi. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186241. [PMID: 29028814 PMCID: PMC5640232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter cinaedi is associated with nosocomial infections. The CRISPR-Cas system provides adaptive immunity against foreign genetic elements. We investigated the CRISPR-Cas system in H. cinaedi to assess the potential of the CRISPR-based microevolution of H. cinaedi strains. A genotyping method based on CRISPR spacer organization was carried out using 42 H. cinaedi strains. The results of sequence analysis showed that the H. cinaedi strains used in this study had two CRISPR loci (CRISPR1 and CRISPR2). The lengths of the consensus direct repeat sequences in CRISPR1 and CRISPR2 were both 36 bp-long, and 224 spacers were found in the 42 H. cinaedi strains. Analysis of the organization and sequence similarity of the spacers of the H. cinaedi strains showed that CRISPR arrays could be divided into 7 different genotypes. Each genotype had a different ancestral spacer, and spacer acquisition/deletion events occurred while isolates were spreading. Spacer polymorphisms of conserved arrays across the strains were instrumental for differentiating closely-related strains collected from the same hospital. MLST had little variability, while the CRISPR sequences showed remarkable diversity. Our data revealed the structural features of H. cinaedi CRISPR loci for the first time. CRISPR sequences constitute a valuable basis for genotyping, provide insights into the divergence and relatedness between closely-related strains, and reflect the microevolutionary process of H. cinaedi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Tomida
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yuji Morita
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keigo Shibayama
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Kikuchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kawamura
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
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6
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Draft Genome Sequence of Clinical Strain TANI1 of Streptococcus suis Serotype 5 Isolated from a Bacteremia Patient in Japan. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/18/e00260-17. [PMID: 28473377 PMCID: PMC5477185 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00260-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus suis is a swine pathogen that causes severe economic damage to the porcine industry. It occasionally evokes zoonotic infection in humans. Here, we report a draft genome sequence of a S. suis serotype 5 strain isolated from a bacteremia patient that was reported by Taniyama et al. (D. Taniyama, M. Sakurai, T. Sakai, T. Kikuchi, and T. Takahashi, IDCases 6:36–38, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2016.09.011).
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7
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D'Elios MM, Vallese F, Capitani N, Benagiano M, Bernardini ML, Rossi M, Rossi GP, Ferrari M, Baldari CT, Zanotti G, de Bernard M, Codolo G. The Helicobacter cinaedi antigen CAIP participates in atherosclerotic inflammation by promoting the differentiation of macrophages in foam cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40515. [PMID: 28074932 PMCID: PMC5225449 DOI: 10.1038/srep40515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that certain specific microbial infections participate in atherosclerosis by inducing inflammation and immune reactions, but how the pathogens implicated in this pathology trigger the host responses remains unknown. In this study we show that Helicobacter cinaedi (Hc) is a human pathogen linked to atherosclerosis development since at least 27% of sera from atherosclerotic patients specifically recognize a protein of the Hc proteome, that we named Cinaedi Atherosclerosis Inflammatory Protein (CAIP) (n = 71). CAIP appears to be implicated in this pathology because atheromatous plaques isolated from atherosclerotic patients are enriched in CAIP-specific T cells (10%) which, in turn, we show to drive a Th1 inflammation, an immunopathological response typically associated to atherosclerosis. Recombinant CAIP promotes the differentiation and maintenance of the pro-inflammatory profile of human macrophages and triggers the formation of foam cells, which are a hallmark of atherosclerosis. This study identifies CAIP as a relevant factor in atherosclerosis inflammation linked to Hc infection and suggests that preventing and eradicating Hc infection could reduce the incidence of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Milco D'Elios
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Vallese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nagaja Capitani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marisa Benagiano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Lina Bernardini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Institute Pasteur Italy - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirko Rossi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gian Paolo Rossi
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Mauro Ferrari
- Vascular Surgery Unit, Cisanello University Hospital AOUP, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Zanotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Gaia Codolo
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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8
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Kawamura Y, Tomida J, Miyoshi-Akiyama T, Okamoto T, Narita M, Hashimoto K, Cnockaert M, Vandamme P, Morita Y, Sawa T, Akaike T. Proposal of Helicobacter canicola sp. nov., previously identified as Helicobacter cinaedi, isolated from canines. Syst Appl Microbiol 2016; 39:307-12. [PMID: 27381809 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
During the course of our taxonomic investigation of Helicobacter cinaedi, it was realized that the strains isolated from dogs, which have been identified as H. cinaedi, showed different biochemical traits than did the isolates obtained from humans. None of the three dog isolates could reduce nitrate to nitrite, whereas all of the human H. cinaedi isolates could do so. The dog isolates showed a strong positive alkaline phosphatase reaction and could grow at 42°C, however the human isolates showed negative to very weak responses to those tests. The GyrA protein based phylogenetic analysis showed that the three isolates from dogs formed a slightly distinct cluster from the human isolate cluster. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA, 23S rRNA, gyrB, and hsp60 gene sequences further confirmed that the dog isolates differed from the human H. cinaedi isolate cluster. The whole-genome in silico DNA similarities of each isolate based on their full genome sequences revealed that the isolates from dogs shared more than 94.9% ANIb (average nucleotide identity based on BLAST), while 94.0% ANIb were found between the isolates from dogs and the humans, including the H. cinaedi type strain ATCC BAA-847(T) (=CCUG 18818(T)). From these data, we propose a new species, 'H. canicola' sp. nov., for the isolates from dogs. The type strain is PAGU 1410(T) (CCUG 33887(T)=LMG 29580(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Kawamura
- Department of Microbiology, Aichi Gakuin University, School of Pharmacy, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Junko Tomida
- Department of Microbiology, Aichi Gakuin University, School of Pharmacy, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Tohru Miyoshi-Akiyama
- Pathogenic Microbe Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Okamoto
- Intensive Care Unit, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
| | - Masashi Narita
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, 281 Miyazato, Uruma, Okinawa 902-2293, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiko Hashimoto
- Emergency, Critical Care and Anesthesia, Ohta General Hospital Foundation, Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital, 2-5-20, Nishinouchi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8558, Japan.
| | - Margo Cnockaert
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Peter Vandamme
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Yuji Morita
- Department of Microbiology, Aichi Gakuin University, School of Pharmacy, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjou, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
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Shimizu S, Shimizu H. Cutaneous manifestations ofHelicobacter cinaedi: a review. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:62-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology Sapporo City General Hospital Sapporo Japan
| | - H. Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
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10
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Taniguchi T, Yamazaki W, Saeki Y, Takajo I, Okayama A, Hayashi T, Misawa N. The pathogenic potential of Helicobacter cinaedi isolated from non-human sources: adherence, invasion and translocation ability in polarized intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells in vitro. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 78:627-32. [PMID: 26685883 PMCID: PMC4873854 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter cinaedi infection has been recognized as an increasingly
important emerging disease in humans. Infection with H. cinaedi causes
bacteremia, cellulitis and enteritis. H. cinaedi has been isolated from
non-human sources, including dogs, cats and rodents; however, it remains unclear whether
animal strains are pathogenic in humans and as zoonotic pathogens. In this study,
H. cinaedi isolates were recovered from a dog and a hamster, and the
ability of these isolates to adhere to, invade and translocate across polarized human
intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was examined in vitro. To better
understand the pathogenic potential of animal H. cinaedi isolates, these
results were compared with those for a human strain that was isolated from a patient with
bacteremia. The animal and human strains adhered to and invaded Caco-2 cells, but to a
lesser degree than the C. jejuni 81–176 strain, which was used as a
control. The integrity of tight junctions was monitored by measuring transepithelial
electrical resistance (TER) with a membrane insert system. The TER values for all
H. cinaedi strains did not change during the experimental periods
compared with those of the controls; however, translocation of H. cinaedi
from the apical side to the basolateral side was confirmed by cultivation and H.
cinaedi-specific PCR, suggesting that the H. cinaedi strains
translocated by transcellular route. This study demonstrated that H.
cinaedi strains of animal origin might have a pathogenic potential in human
epithelial cells as observed in a translocation assay in vitro with a
human isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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11
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Draft genome sequences of six enterohepatic helicobacter species isolated from humans and one from rhesus macaques. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2014; 2:2/5/e00857-14. [PMID: 25212613 PMCID: PMC4161742 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00857-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Draft genome sequences of seven enterohepatic Helicobacter species, H. bilis, H. canadensis, H. canis, H. cinaedi, H. winghamensis, H. pullorum, and H. macacae, are presented. These isolates were obtained from clinical patients and a nonhuman primate. Due to potential zoonotic risks, we characterized antibiotic resistance markers and Helicobacter virulence factors.
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12
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Choo SW, Ang MY, Fouladi H, Tan SY, Siow CC, Mutha NVR, Heydari H, Wee WY, Vadivelu J, Loke MF, Rehvathy V, Wong GJ. HelicoBase: a Helicobacter genomic resource and analysis platform. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:600. [PMID: 25030426 PMCID: PMC4108788 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, possessing a characteristic helical shape that has been associated with a wide spectrum of human diseases. Although much research has been done on Helicobacter and many genomes have been sequenced, currently there is no specialized Helicobacter genomic resource and analysis platform to facilitate analysis of these genomes. With the increasing number of Helicobacter genomes being sequenced, comparative genomic analysis on members of this species will provide further insights on their taxonomy, phylogeny, pathogenicity and other information that may contribute to better management of diseases caused by Helicobacter pathogens. Description To facilitate the ongoing research on Helicobacter, a specialized central repository and analysis platform for the Helicobacter research community is needed to host the fast-growing amount of genomic data and facilitate the analysis of these data, particularly comparative analysis. Here we present HelicoBase, a user-friendly Helicobacter resource platform with diverse functionality for the analysis of Helicobacter genomic data for the Helicobacter research communities. HelicoBase hosts a total of 13 species and 166 genome sequences of Helicobacter spp. Genome annotations such as gene/protein sequences, protein function and sub-cellular localisation are also included. Our web implementation supports diverse query types and seamless searching of annotations using an AJAX-based real-time searching system. JBrowse is also incorporated to allow rapid and seamless browsing of Helicobacter genomes and annotations. Advanced bioinformatics analysis tools consisting of standard BLAST for similarity search, VFDB BLAST for sequence similarity search against the Virulence Factor Database (VFDB), Pairwise Genome Comparison (PGC) tool for comparative genomic analysis, and a newly designed Pathogenomics Profiling Tool (PathoProT) for comparative pathogenomic analysis are also included to facilitate the analysis of Helicobacter genomic data. Conclusions HelicoBase offers access to a range of genomic resources as well as tools for the analysis of Helicobacter genome data. HelicoBase can be accessed at http://helicobacter.um.edu.my. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-600) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Woh Choo
- Genome Informatics Research Laboratory, High Impact Research (HIR) Building, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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13
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Clinical and bacteriological characteristics of Helicobacter cinaedi infection. J Infect Chemother 2014; 20:517-26. [PMID: 25022901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter cinaedi was first isolated from rectal cultures from homosexual men in 1984. In the 1980s to mid 1990s, the microorganism was mainly isolated from samples from homosexual men or immunocompromised patients; however, during the last two decades, H. cinaedi has been isolated from immunocompromised and from immunocompetent individuals worldwide. In Japan, the isolation of this microorganism was first reported in 2003. Since then, many cases have been reported in hospitals across the country. Despite many reports, the etiological properties and pathogenicity of H. cinaedi remain elusive; however, we are increasingly able to recognize some of the features and the clinical relevance of infection. In particular, a long incubation period is essential for detection in an automatic blood culture system and many of the recent isolates are resistant to both macrolides and quinolones. Furthermore, there is an association between infection and severe or chronic illnesses, such as meningitis or arteriosclerosis, in addition to mild diseases such as fever, abdominal pain, gastroenteritis, proctitis, diarrhea, erysipelas, cellulitis, arthritis, and bacteremia. In this review, we introduce the current knowledge and our latest findings relating to H. cinaedi.
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Promotion of atherosclerosis by Helicobacter cinaedi infection that involves macrophage-driven proinflammatory responses. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4680. [PMID: 24732347 PMCID: PMC3986732 DOI: 10.1038/srep04680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter cinaedi is the most common enterohepatic Helicobacter species that causes bacteremia in humans, but its pathogenicity is unclear. Here, we investigated the possible association of H. cinaedi with atherosclerosis in vivo and in vitro. We found that H. cinaedi infection significantly enhanced atherosclerosis in hyperlipidaemic mice. Aortic root lesions in infected mice showed increased accumulation of neutrophils and F4/80+ foam cells, which was due, at least partly, to bacteria-mediated increased expression of proinflammatory genes. Although infection was asymptomatic, detection of cytolethal distending toxin RNA of H. cinaedi indicated aorta infection. H. cinaedi infection altered expression of cholesterol receptors and transporters in cultured macrophages and caused foam cell formation. Also, infection induced differentiation of THP-1 monocytes. These data provide the first evidence of a pathogenic role of H. cinaedi in atherosclerosis in experimental models, thereby justifying additional investigations of the possible role of enterohepatic Helicobacter spp. in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
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Flahou B, Haesebrouck F, Smet A, Yonezawa H, Osaki T, Kamiya S. Gastric and enterohepatic non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacters. Helicobacter 2013; 18 Suppl 1:66-72. [PMID: 24011248 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A substantial number of reports published in the last year have contributed to a better understanding of both human and animal infection with non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species (NHPH). Gastric infection of humans with Helicobacter suis and Helicobacter felis as well as unidentified NHPH has been described to cause a chronic gastritis and a variety of clinical symptoms, whereas enterohepatic NHPH, including Helicobacter cinaedi, Helicobacter bilis, and Helicobacter canis, have been reported to be associated with human diseases such as bacteremia, cellulitis, cutaneous diseases, and fever of unknown origin in immunocompromised hosts. In various animal species, including dogs and laboratory mice, high rates of infection with NHPH were described. For gastric NHPH, mainly H. suis and H. felis infection was studied, revealing that differences in the immune response evoked in the host do exist when compared to Helicobacter pylori. Pathogenic mechanisms of infection with Helicobacter pullorum, H. bilis, and Helicobacter hepaticus were investigated, as well as immune responses involved in H. bilis-, Helicobacter typhlonius-, and H. hepaticus-induced intestinal inflammation. Complete genome sequences of Helicobacter heilmannii strain ASB1 and a H. cinaedi strain isolated in a case of human bacteremia were published, as well as comparative genomics of a human-derived Helicobacter bizzozeronii strain and proteome or secretome analyses for H. hepaticus and Helicobacter trogontum, respectively. Molecular analysis has revealed a function for type VI secretion systems of H. hepaticus and H. pullorum, the Helicobacter mustelae iron urease, and several other functional components of NHPH. In each section of this chapter, new findings on gastric NHPH will first be discussed, followed by those on enterohepatic Helicobacter species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Flahou
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Tomida J, Oumi A, Okamoto T, Morita Y, Okayama A, Misawa N, Hayashi T, Akaike T, Kawamura Y. Comparative evaluation of agar dilution and broth microdilution methods for antibiotic susceptibility testing ofHelicobacter cinaedi. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 57:353-8. [DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junko Tomida
- Department of Microbiology; School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University; 1-100 Kusumoto-cho; Nagoya; 464-8650
| | - Ayako Oumi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Social Insurance Chuo General Hospital; 3-22-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku; Tokyo; 169-073
| | - Tatsuya Okamoto
- Department of Microbiology; Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; 1-1-1 Honjo; Kumamoto; 860-8556
| | - Yuji Morita
- Department of Microbiology; School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University; 1-100 Kusumoto-cho; Nagoya; 464-8650
| | - Akihiko Okayama
- Department of Rheumatology; Infectious Diseases and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki; 5200 Kiyotake; Miyazaki; 889-1692
| | - Naoaki Misawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Science; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki; 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi; Miyazaki; 889-2192
| | - Tetsuya Hayashi
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases; Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki; 5200 Kiyotake; Miyazaki; 889-1692; Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Microbiology; Graduate school of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; 1-1-1 Honjo; Kumamoto; 860-8556
| | - Yoshiaki Kawamura
- Department of Microbiology; School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University; 1-100 Kusumoto-cho; Nagoya; 464-8650
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Genome sequences published outside of Standards in Genomic Sciences, October - November 2012. Stand Genomic Sci 2012. [PMCID: PMC3569392 DOI: 10.4056/sigs.3597227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this table is to provide the community with a citable record of publications of ongoing genome sequencing projects that have led to a publication in the scientific literature. While our goal is to make the list complete, there is no guarantee that we may have omitted one or more publications appearing in this time frame. Readers and authors who wish to have publications added to subsequent versions of this list are invited to provide the bibliographic data for such references to the SIGS editorial office.
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Abstract
Here we report the completely annotated genome sequence of the Helicobacter cinaedi type strain (ATCC BAA-847), which is an emerging pathogen that causes cellulitis and bacteremia. The genome sequence will provide new insights into the diagnosis, pathogenic mechanisms, and drug resistance of H. cinaedi.
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Morita Y, Tomida J, Kawamura Y. Multidrug Efflux Systems in Helicobacter cinaedi. Antibiotics (Basel) 2012; 1:29-43. [PMID: 27029418 PMCID: PMC4790245 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics1010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter cinaedi causes infections, such as bacteremia, diarrhea and cellulitis in mainly immunocompromised patients. This pathogen is often problematic to analyze, and insufficient information is available, because it grows slowly and poorly in subculture under a microaerobic atmosphere. The first-choice therapy to eradicate H. cinaedi is antimicrobial chemotherapy; however, its use is linked to the development of resistance. Although we need to understand the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of H. cinaedi, unfortunately, sufficient genetic tools for H. cinaedi have not yet been developed. In July 2012, the complete sequence of H. cinaedi strain PAGU 611, isolated from a case of human bacteremia, was announced. This strain possesses multidrug efflux systems, intrinsic antimicrobial resistance mechanisms and typical mutations in gyrA and the 23S rRNA gene, which are involved in acquired resistance to fluoroquinolones and macrolides, respectively. Here, we compare the organization and properties of the efflux systems of H. cinaedi with the multidrug efflux systems identified in other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Morita
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University/ 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Junko Tomida
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University/ 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Kawamura
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University/ 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
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Abstract
The purpose of this table is to provide the community with a citable record of publications of ongoing genome sequencing projects that have led to a publication in the scientific literature. While our goal is to make the list complete, there is no guarantee that we may have omitted one or more publications appearing in this time frame. Readers and authors who wish to have publications added to subsequent versions of this list are invited to provide the bibliographic data for such references to the SIGS editorial office.
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Identification of and screening for human Helicobacter cinaedi infections and carriers via nested PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50:3893-900. [PMID: 23015666 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01622-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter cinaedi is the most frequently reported enterohepatic Helicobacter species isolated from humans. Earlier research suggested that certain patients with H. cinaedi infection may remain undiagnosed or incorrectly diagnosed because of difficulties in detecting the bacteria by conventional culture methods. Here, we report a nested PCR assay that rapidly detects the cytolethal distending toxin gene (cdt) of H. cinaedi with high specificity and sensitivity. Specificity of the assay was validated by using different species of Helicobacter and Campylobacter, as well as known H. cinaedi-positive and -negative samples. The sensitivity of detection for the cdt gene in the assay was 10(2) CFU/ml urine or 10(2) CFU/10(5) infected RAW 264.7 cells. In an H. cinaedi-infected mouse model, the cdt gene of H. cinaedi was effectively detected via the assay with urine (6/7), stool (2/3), and blood (2/6) samples. Importantly, it detected H. cinaedi in blood, urine, and stool samples from one patient with a suspected H. cinaedi infection and three patients with known infections. The assay was further used clinically to follow up two H. cinaedi-infected patients after antibiotic treatment. Stool samples from these two patients evaluated by nested PCR after antibiotic therapy showed clearance of bacterial DNA. Finally, analysis of stool specimens from healthy volunteers showed occasional positive reactions (4/30) to H. cinaedi DNA, which suggests intestinal colonization by H. cinaedi in healthy subjects. In conclusion, this nested PCR assay may be useful for the rapid diagnosis, antimicrobial treatment evaluation, and epidemiological study of H. cinaedi infection.
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Genome sequences published outside of Standards in Genomic Sciences, May-June 2012. Stand Genomic Sci 2012. [PMCID: PMC3558956 DOI: 10.4056/sigs.3126494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this table is to provide the community with a citable record of publications of ongoing genome sequencing projects that have led to a publication in the scientific literature. While our goal is to make the list complete, there is no guarantee that we may have omitted one or more publications appearing in this time frame. Readers and authors who wish to have publications added to subsequent versions of this list are invited to provide the bibliographic data for such references to the SIGS editorial office.
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