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Kawacka I, Olejnik-Schmidt A. High Prevalence of Virulence-Associated Genes and Length Polymorphism in actA and inlB Genes Identified in Listeria monocytogenes Isolates from Meat Products and Meat-Processing Environments in Poland. Pathogens 2024; 13:444. [PMID: 38921742 PMCID: PMC11206756 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a human pathogen that has the ability to cause listeriosis, a disease with possible fatal outcomes. The typical route of infection is ingestion of the bacteria with contaminated food. In this study, 13 virulence-associated genes were examined with PCR in the genomes of 153 L. monocytogenes isolates collected from meat products and processing environments in Poland. All isolates possessed genes from LIPI-1-hly, actA, plcA, plcB and mpl-as well as four internalins: inlA, inlB, inlC, inlJ. Invasion-associated protein iap, as well as genes prfA and sigB, encoding regulatory proteins, were also detected in all isolates. Gene flaA, encoding flagellin, was detected in 113 (74%) isolates. This was the only gene that was not detected in all isolates, as its presence is serotype-dependent. Gene actA showed polymorphism with longer and shorter variants in PCR amplicons. Two isolates were characterized by truncated inlB genes, lacking 141 bp in their sequence, which was confirmed by gene sequencing. All isolates were positive in hemolysis assays, proving the synthesis of functional PrfA and Hly proteins. Four genotypes of L. monocytogenes based on actA polymorphism and two genotypes based on inlB polymorphism were distinguished within the isolates' collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kawacka
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejnik-Schmidt
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
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Gomaa B, Lu J, Abdelhamed H, Banes M, Pechanova O, Pechan T, Arick MA, Karsi A, Lawrence ML. Identification of Protein Biomarkers for Differentiating Listeria monocytogenes Genetic Lineage III. Foods 2024; 13:1302. [PMID: 38731673 PMCID: PMC11083783 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a severe foodborne illness characterized by septicemia, meningitis, encephalitis, abortions, and occasional death in infants and immunocompromised individuals. L. monocytogenes is composed of four genetic lineages (I, II, III, and IV) and fourteen serotypes. The aim of the current study was to identify proteins that can serve as biomarkers for detection of genetic lineage III strains based on simple antibody-based methods. Liquid chromatography (LC) with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI MS/MS) followed by bioinformatics and computational analysis were performed on three L. monocytogenes strains (NRRL B-33007, NRRL B-33014, and NRRL B-33077), which were used as reference strains for lineages I, II, and III, respectively. Results from ESI MS/MS revealed 42 unique proteins present in NRRL B-33077 and absent in NRRL B-33007 and NRRL B-33014 strains. BLAST analysis of the 42 proteins against a broader panel of >80 sequenced strains from lineages I and II revealed four proteins [TM2 domain-containing protein (NRRL B-33077_2770), DUF3916 domain-containing protein (NRRL B-33077_1897), DNA adenine methylase (NRRL B-33077_1926), and protein RhsA (NRRL B-33077_1129)] that have no homology with any sequenced strains in lineages I and II. The four genes that encode these proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli strain DE3 and purified. Polyclonal antibodies were prepared against purified recombinant proteins. ELISA using the polyclonal antibodies against 12 L. monocytogenes lineage I, II, and III isolates indicated that TM2 protein and DNA adenine methylase (Dam) detected all lineage III strains with no reaction to lineage I and II strains. In conclusion, two proteins including TM2 protein and Dam are potentially useful biomarkers for detection and differentiation of L. monocytogenes lineage III strains in clinical, environmental, and food processing facilities. Furthermore, these results validate the approach of using a combination of proteomics and bioinformatics to identify useful protein biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basant Gomaa
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (B.G.); (J.L.); (H.A.); (M.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Jingjun Lu
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (B.G.); (J.L.); (H.A.); (M.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Hossam Abdelhamed
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (B.G.); (J.L.); (H.A.); (M.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Michelle Banes
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (B.G.); (J.L.); (H.A.); (M.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Olga Pechanova
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing, and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (O.P.); (T.P.); (M.A.A.II)
| | - Tibor Pechan
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing, and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (O.P.); (T.P.); (M.A.A.II)
| | - Mark A. Arick
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing, and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (O.P.); (T.P.); (M.A.A.II)
| | - Attila Karsi
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (B.G.); (J.L.); (H.A.); (M.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Mark L. Lawrence
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; (B.G.); (J.L.); (H.A.); (M.B.); (A.K.)
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3
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Moabelo KC, Gcebe N, Gana J, Ngoshe YB, Adesiyun AA. Contamination of beef and beef products by
Listeria
spp. and molecular characterization of
L. monocytogenes
in Mpumalanga, South Africa. J Food Saf 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
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4
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Adhikari P, Florien N, Gupta S, Kaushal A. Recent Advances in the Detection of Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Dis (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.109948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is the third-most severe pathogen causing a yearly outbreak of food poisoning in the world that proliferates widely in the environment. Infants, pregnant mothers, and immuno-compromised people are at high risk. Its ability to grow in both biotic and abiotic environments leads to epidemics that infect 5 out of 10 people annually. Because of the epithelial adhesion (by E-cadherin binding), it can suppress immune cells and thrive in the gastrointestinal tract till the brain through blood flow (E-cadherin). Microbial culture is still used as a gold standard, but takes a long time and often yields false positive results due to incompetence and temperature variations. Therefore, in order to treat it rather than using broad spectrum antibiotics, a standardized time-saving and highly specific technology for early detection is very important. It has been observed that the production of a particular antibody is delaying (so does the detection process) as a result of the inadequate understanding of the pathophysiology of the bacteria. This book chapter provides a brief summary of a pathogen as well as the scientific advances that led to its identification more easily.
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Srisawat W, Saengthongpinit C, Nuchchanart W. Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification-lateral flow dipstick as a rapid screening test for detecting Listeria monocytogenes in frozen food products using a specific region on the ferrous iron transport protein B gene. Vet World 2022; 15:590-601. [PMID: 35497940 PMCID: PMC9047130 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.590-601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Listeria monocytogenes is a critical foodborne pathogen that infects pregnant females and their newborns and older adults and individuals with comorbidities. It contaminates fresh vegetables, fruits, ready-to-eat foods, and frozen food products consumed by individuals. The culture conventional detection methods for L. monocytogenes are time-consuming, taking 4 days. This study aimed to describe the development and comparison of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)- lateral flow dipstick (LFD), LAMP assay to PCR, and conventional culture for detecting L. monocytogenes in frozen food products.
Materials and Methods: Five LAMP primer sets, including F3, B3, forward inner primer, and backward inner primer, were designed from a specific region on ferrous iron transport protein B gene (feoB gene) to amplify LAMP products. The DNA probe was created, and the detection limit was determined in pure culture and purified DNA, as well as the detection in 20 frozen food product samples.
Results: The LMfeoB4 LAMP primer sets and DNA probe were LAMP products amplified at 60°C for 50 min. The specificity of the assay revealed no cross-reactivity with other pathogenic bacteria. The limit of detection (LOD) of the LAMP-LFD and LAMP assays using purified genomic DNA was 219 fg/μL both in LAMP and LAMP-LFD assays. The LOD of LAMP and LAMP-LFD assays in pure culture was 4.3×102 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL and 43 CFU/mL, respectively. The LOD of the LAMP-LFD assay using artificially inoculated chicken in frozen food samples with pre-enrichment was 3.2×102 CFU/mL. The LAMP-LFD was also more sensitive than the LAMP assay and polymerase chain reaction. Finally, LAMP-LFD revealed no false positives in any of the 20 frozen food product samples.
Conclusion: LAMP-LFD assay using a specific region on the feoB gene to detect L. monocytogenes was highly specific, sensitive, faster, and convenient, making it a valuable tool for the monitoring and rapid screening of L. monocytogenes in frozen food products. This technique is applicable to the development of detection technologies for other pathogens in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wimvipa Srisawat
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Chalermkiat Saengthongpinit
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Wirawan Nuchchanart
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand; Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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6
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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Foodborne Pathogens Isolated from Dairy Cattle and Poultry Manure Amended Farms in Northeastern Ohio, the United States. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10121450. [PMID: 34943663 PMCID: PMC8698512 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens significantly impact public health globally. Excessive antimicrobial use plays a significant role in the development of the public health crisis of antibiotic resistance. Here, we determined the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of E. coli O157, Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, and Campylobacter isolated between 2016 and 2020 from small scale agricultural settings that were amended with dairy cattle or poultry manure in Northeastern Ohio. The total prevalence of the foodborne pathogens was 19.3%: Campylobacter 8%, Listeria monocytogenes 7.9%, Escherichia coli O157 1.8%, and Salmonella 1.5%. The prevalence was significantly higher in dairy cattle (87.7%) compared to poultry (12.2%) manure amended farms. Furthermore, the prevalence was higher in manure samples (84%) compared to soil samples (15.9%; p < 0.05). Multiple drug resistance was observed in 73%, 77%, 100%, and 57.3% of E. coli O157, Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, and Campylobacter isolates recovered, respectively. The most frequently observed resistance genes were mphA, aadA, and aphA1 in E. coli O157; blaTEM, tet(B), and strA in Salmonella; penA, ampC, lde, ermB, tet(O), and aadB in L. monocytogenes and blaOXA-61, tet(O), and aadE in Campylobacter. Our results highlight the critical need to address the dissemination of foodborne pathogens and antibiotic resistance in agricultural settings.
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Tarazi Y, El-Sukhon S, Al-Rahbi A, Ismail ZB. Molecular characterization and in vivo pathogenicity study of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh and frozen local and imported fish in Jordan. Open Vet J 2021; 11:517-524. [PMID: 34722217 PMCID: PMC8541712 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2021.v11.i3.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a serious zoonotic and food transmitted human pathogen causing meningitis and abortions. Several outbreaks of listeriosis have been associated with the consumption of ready-to-eat food products; dairy, meat, fish, and contaminated fruits and vegetables worldwide. Aim: This study was designed to detect and characterize L. monocytogenes isolated from local and imported fish in Jordan. Methods: A total of 170 fish (70 local and 100 imported), of which 140 fresh and 30 frozen samples were used in this study. Listeria monocytogenes was cultured and initially identified using conventional microbiological methods. For confirmation and serotyping of the L. monocytogenes isolates, PCR techniques were used. Using oral and intraperitoneal administration, mice were used to determine the pathogenicity and LD50 of the isolated L. monocytogenes. Results: A total of 72 Listeria spp. isolates were cultured from fish. Of those, 24 were positively identified as L. monocytogenes. Other strains of Listeria spp. were L. ivanovii (21), L. innocua (11), and L. grayi (16). Serotyping of the L. monocytogenes indicated that 14 isolates belonged to the 1/2b, 3b serotypes whereas 10 isolates belonged to the 4a and 4c serotypes. All isolates were virulent to mice with an LD50 dose ranging from 3 × 1010 CFU/ml to 3 × 107.5 CFU/ml. All the virulent isolates belonged to the serotype 1/2b. Histopathologically, dead mice showed multiple necrotic lesions in the liver and spleen. Conclusion: Results of this study showed the presence of potentially pathogenic L. monocytogenes in fresh and frozen, local, and imported fish in Jordan. Strict monitoring and quality control regulatory measures must be adopted to prevent future outbreaks of food poisoning associated with fish consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Tarazi
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Saeb El-Sukhon
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Adil Al-Rahbi
- Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Water Resources, Mascat, Oman
| | - Zuhair Bani Ismail
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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8
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Barbuddhe SB, Rawool DB, Doijad SP, Vergis J, Malik SS, Chakraborty T. Ecology of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria species in India: the occurrence, resistance to biocides, genomic landscape and biocontrol. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:2759-2780. [PMID: 34693631 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, the causative agent of listeriosis, has been implicated in increasing foodborne outbreaks worldwide. The disease is manifested in various forms ranging from severe sepsis in immune-compromised individuals, febrile gastroenteritis, still birth, abortions and meningoencephalitis. In India, data from studies on the detection and molecular epidemiological analysis of L. monocytogenes are only recently emerging. The presence of Listeria in different ecological niches has been recorded from India, including foods, soil, vegetables, mangrove swamps, seafood, freshwater fishes, clinical cases, and also insects. The organism has also been isolated from women with spontaneous abortions, miscarriage or recurrent obstetric history, aborted foetuses, animal clinical cases and wildlife samples. A novel species of Listeria has also been characterized. Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from clinical, environmental, and foods showed biofilm-forming abilities. Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b isolates of ST328, a predominant and unique ST observed in India, was repeatedly isolated from different sources, times, and geographical locations. Here, we reviewed the occurrence of Listeria in different sources in India, its resistance to biocides, and provide epidemiological analysis on its genomic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak Bhiwa Rawool
- ICAR- National Research Centre on Meat, Chengicherla, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500092, India
| | - Swapnil Prakash Doijad
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, 35392, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Jess Vergis
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad, Kerala, 673576, India
| | - Satyaveer Singh Malik
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, 35392, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Giessen, 35392, Germany
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9
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Maidin NNM, Buyong MR, Rahim RA, Mohamed MA. Dielectrophoresis applications in biomedical field and future perspectives in biomedical technology. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2033-2059. [PMID: 34346062 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a technique to manipulate trajectories of polarisable particles in non-uniform electric fields by utilising unique dielectric properties. The manipulation of a cell using DEP has been demonstrated in various modes, thereby indicating potential applications in the biomedical field. In this review, recent DEP applications in the biomedical field are discussed. This review is intended to highlight research work that shows significant approach related to dielectrophoresis application in biomedical field reported between 2016 and 2020. Firstly, single-shell model and multiple-shell model of cells are introduced. Current device structures and recently introduced electrode patterns for DEP applications are discussed. Secondly, the biomedical uses of DEP in liquid biopsies, stem cell therapies, and diagnosis of infectious diseases due to bacteria and viruses are presented. Finally, the challenges in DEP research are discussed, and the reported solutions are explained. DEP's potential research directions are mentioned. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Nasyifa Mohd Maidin
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronic (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronic (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Ruslinda A Rahim
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia.,National Nanotechnology Centre (NNC), Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya, 62662, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ambri Mohamed
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronic (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
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10
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Demaître N, Rasschaert G, De Zutter L, Geeraerd A, De Reu K. Genetic Listeria monocytogenes Types in the Pork Processing Plant Environment: From Occasional Introduction to Plausible Persistence in Harborage Sites. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10060717. [PMID: 34200429 PMCID: PMC8228754 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the L. monocytogenes occurrence and genetic diversity in three Belgian pork cutting plants. We specifically aim to identify harborage sites and niche locations where this pathogen might occur. A total of 868 samples were taken from a large diversity of food and non-food contact surfaces after cleaning and disinfection (C&D) and during processing. A total of 13% (110/868) of environmental samples tested positive for L. monocytogenes. When looking in more detail, zone 3 non-food contact surfaces were contaminated more often (26%; 72/278) at typical harborage sites, such as floors, drains, and cleaning materials. Food contact surfaces (zone 1) were less frequently contaminated (6%; 25/436), also after C&D. PFGE analysis exhibited low genetic heterogeneity, revealing 11 assigned clonal complexes (CC), four of which (CC8, CC9, CC31, and CC121) were predominant and widespread. Our data suggest (i) the occasional introduction and repeated contamination and/or (ii) the establishment of some persistent meat-adapted clones in all cutting plants. Further, we highlight the importance of well-designed extensive sampling programs combined with genetic characterization to help these facilities take corrective actions to prevent transfer of this pathogen from the environment to the meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Demaître
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium; (N.D.); (G.R.)
| | - Geertrui Rasschaert
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium; (N.D.); (G.R.)
| | - Lieven De Zutter
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | - Annemie Geeraerd
- Division MeBioS, Sustainability in the Agri-Food Chain Group, BIOSYST Department, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, Box 2428, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Koen De Reu
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium; (N.D.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-9272-3043
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11
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Menon KV, Sunil B, Latha C. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of Listeria spp. associated with seafoods from fish catchment areas in Kerala, India. Vet World 2021; 14:777-783. [PMID: 33935427 PMCID: PMC8076452 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.777-783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous, intracellular pathogen which has been implicated as a cause of several foodborne outbreaks. This study aimed to generate information on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of Listeria species isolated from seafood. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 samples of fresh fish, 100 samples of dry fish and 200 samples each of crustaceans and mollusks were collected from the fish catchment areas. All the samples were subjected to isolation and identification of Listeria spp. by two-step enrichment in UVM broth and plating on selective agar media (PALCAM) and then subjected to molecular characterization. L. monocytogenes isolates obtained during the study were subjected to serotyping by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The isolates were also subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test. Results: The prevalence of L. monocytogenes in seafoods in the present study was 0.55%. The isolates of L. monocytogenes were found to possess all virulence genes, namely, iap, hlyA, actA, prfA, plcA, and inlA. All the isolates belonged to serotype 4b. The occurrence of Listeria innocua was found to be more and was detected in 16.77% of seafood samples. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that all isolates were resistant to cefixime but were sensitive to almost all other commonly used antibiotics. Conclusion: The presence of Listeria spp. in raw seafood samples augments the need for implementation of good hygienic practices during the handling and processing of seafoods to safeguard the health of the consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Vrinda Menon
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - B Sunil
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - C Latha
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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12
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Rodriguez C, Taminiau B, García-Fuentes E, Daube G, Korsak N. Listeria monocytogenes dissemination in farming and primary production: Sources, shedding and control measures. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Study of the transfer of Listeria monocytogenes during the slaughter of cattle using molecular typing. Meat Sci 2021; 175:108450. [PMID: 33550159 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The introduction, transmission, and persistence of Listeria monocytogenes in Belgian beef slaughterhouses was investigated using genetic characterization. During slaughter, samples were taken of the hide, carcass, and environment to detect the pathogen. Remarkably, L. monocytogenes was massively present on the hide of incoming animals (93%; 112/120), regardless of their visual cleanliness, which implies high contamination pressure levels entering the slaughterhouses. Pathogen transfer via cross-contamination was conclusively confirmed in this study, with the same pulsotypes isolated from the hide, carcass, and environmental samples. Despite the important bacterial presence on the hide of incoming animals, most slaughterhouses succeeded in limiting the transfer as cause of carcass contamination. Persistence along the slaughter line seemed to be a more significant problem, as it was clearly linked to most of the L. monocytogenes positive carcasses. In one slaughterhouse, whole genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that the carcass splitter had been contaminating carcasses with the same strain belonging to CC9 for more than one year.
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14
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Prevalence, Virulence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes in European Wild Boar ( Sus scrofa) Hunted in Tuscany (Central Italy). Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10020093. [PMID: 33498307 PMCID: PMC7909251 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild boar is an animal the population of which constantly increases in Europe. This animal plays an important role as a reservoir for several pathogens, including three of the most important zoonoses: salmonellosis, yersiniosis and listeriosis. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant and virulence factor genes of Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes isolated from wild boar in Tuscany (Central Italy). During two consequent hunting seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020), rectal swabs, spleens and livers were collected from 287 hunted wild boar to isolate strains. Each isolate was tested to investigate its antimicrobial resistance and to detect virulence factor genes by PCR. Eighteen Salmonella strains (6.27%) were isolated. Of these, 66.7% were resistant to streptomycin, 13.4% to cephalothin, 6.67% to imipenem and one isolate (6.67%) was resistant simultaneously to five antimicrobials. Moreover, the most detected genes were sopE (73.4%), pipB (66.7%), sodCI (53.3%), spvR and spvC (46.7%). In total, 54 (17.8%) Yersinia enterocolitica were isolated; of them, 26 (48.1%), 9 (16.7%), 17 (31.5%), 1 (1.85%) and 1 (1.85%) belonged to biotypes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. All strains (100%) demonstrated resistance to cephalothin and 70.4% to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 55.6% to ampicillin, and 37.0% to cefoxitin. Additionally, the most detected genes were ystA (25.9%), inv (24.1%), ail (22.2%), ystB (18.5%) and virF (14.8%). Finally, only one Listeriamonocytogenes isolate (0.35%) was obtained, belonging to serogroup IVb, serovar 4b, and it was found to be resistant to cefoxitin, cefotaxime and nalidixic acid. The results highlighted the role of wild boar as a carrier for pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogens, representing a possible reservoir for domestic animals and human pathogens.
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Abstract
For assessing isolates of Listeria monocytogenes, serotype designation is the first subtyping method used. Methodologies used to assign serotype are currently evolving and will eventually be replaced with whole genome sequencing. Traditionally, serotyping has been done with agglutination reactions; however, alternative methods utilizing enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are common. Described here are the three non-genomic methods and the advantages and disadvantages of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gorski
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA, USA.
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Zhang X, Ling L, Li Z, Wang J. Mining Listeria monocytogenes single nucleotide polymorphism sites to identify the major serotypes using allele-specific multiplex PCR. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 335:108885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Matle I, Mbatha KR, Madoroba E. A review of Listeria monocytogenes from meat and meat products: Epidemiology, virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance and diagnosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 87:e1-e20. [PMID: 33054262 PMCID: PMC7565150 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v87i1.1869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a zoonotic food-borne pathogen that is associated with serious public health and economic implications. In animals, L. monocytogenes can be associated with clinical listeriosis, which is characterised by symptoms such as abortion, encephalitis and septicaemia. In human beings, listeriosis symptoms include encephalitis, septicaemia and meningitis. In addition, listeriosis may cause gastroenteric symptoms in human beings and still births or spontaneous abortions in pregnant women. In the last few years, a number of reported outbreaks and sporadic cases associated with consumption of contaminated meat and meat products with L. monocytogenes have increased in developing countries. A variety of virulence factors play a role in the pathogenicity of L. monocytogenes. This zoonotic pathogen can be diagnosed using both classical microbiological techniques and molecular-based methods. There is limited information about L. monocytogenes recovered from meat and meat products in African countries. This review strives to: (1) provide information on prevalence and control measures of L. monocytogenes along the meat value chain, (2) describe the epidemiology of L. monocytogenes (3) provide an overview of different methods for detection and typing of L. monocytogenes for epidemiological, regulatory and trading purposes and (4) discuss the pathogenicity, virulence traits and antimicrobial resistance profiles of L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itumeleng Matle
- Bacteriology Division, Agricultural Research Council - Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, South Africa; and, Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Florida.
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Szymczak B, Szymczak M, Trafiałek J. Prevalence of Listeria species and L. monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods in the West Pomeranian region of Poland: Correlations between the contamination level, serogroups, ingredients, and producers. Food Microbiol 2020; 91:103532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Chin KL, Sarmiento ME, Mustapha ZA, Jani J, Jamal NB, Stanis CS, Acosta A. Identification of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific gene marker for diagnosis of tuberculosis using semi-nested melt-MAMA qPCR (lprM-MAMA). Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2020; 125:102003. [PMID: 33099253 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2020.102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the deadliest of infectious diseases. TB diagnosis, based on sputum microscopy, culture, and nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) to identify its main causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains challenging. The current available NAATs, endorsed by World Health Organization (WHO), can differentiate MTB from some MTB complex (MTBC) members. Using bioinformatics, we identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in lprM (Rv1970) gene that differentiate MTB from other MTBC members. A forward mismatch amplification mutation assay (MAMA) primer was designed for the targeted mutation and was used in a semi-nested melt-MAMA qPCR (lprM-MAMA). Using the optimized protocol, lprM-MAMA was positive with all MTB reference and clinical strains, and negative with other MTBC members, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and other non-mycobacterial (NM) reference strains. The limit of detection (LOD) of lprM-MAMA was 76.29 fg. Xpert® MTB/RIF (Xpert)-positive sputum samples were also positive by lprM-MAMA, except for samples classified as having "very low" bacterial load by Xpert. Xpert-negative sputum samples were also negative by lprM-MAMA. In conclusion, lprM-MAMA demonstrated to be a useful tool for specific MTB diagnosis. Further evaluation with higher number of reference strains, including NTM and NM; and sputum samples are required to determine its potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ling Chin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Maria E Sarmiento
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Arifin Mustapha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Jaeyres Jani
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Norfazirah Binti Jamal
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Cheronie Shely Stanis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Armando Acosta
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Glycotyping and Specific Separation of Listeria monocytogenes with a Novel Bacteriophage Protein Tool Kit. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.00612-20. [PMID: 32358009 PMCID: PMC7301860 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00612-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen that presents a major concern to the food industry due to its propensity to cause foodborne illness. The Listeria genus contains 15 different serovars, with most of the variance depending on the wall-associated teichoic acid glycopolymers, which confer somatic antigenicity. Strains belonging to serovars 1/2 and 4b cause the vast majority of listeriosis cases and outbreaks, meaning that regulators, as well as the food industry itself, have an interest in rapidly identifying isolates of these particular serovars in food processing environments. Current methods for phenotypic serovar differentiation are slow and lack accuracy, and the food industry could benefit from new technologies allowing serovar-specific isolation. Therefore, the novel method described here for rapid glycotype determination could present a valuable asset to detect and control this bacterium. The Gram-positive pathogen Listeria monocytogenes can be subdivided into at least 12 different serovars, based on the differential expression of a set of somatic and flagellar antigens. Of note, strains belonging to serovars 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b cause the vast majority of foodborne listeriosis cases and outbreaks. The standard protocol for serovar determination involves an agglutination method using a set of sera containing cell surface-recognizing antibodies. However, this procedure is imperfect in both precision and practicality, due to discrepancies resulting from subjective interpretation. Furthermore, the exact antigenic epitopes remain unclear, due to the preparation of the absorbed sera and the complex nature of polyvalent antibody binding. Here, we present a novel method for quantitative somatic antigen differentiation using a set of recombinant affinity proteins (cell wall-binding domains and receptor-binding proteins) derived from a collection of Listeria bacteriophages. These proteins enable rapid, objective, and precise identification of the different teichoic acid glycopolymer structures, which represent the O-antigens, and allow a near-complete differentiation. This glycotyping approach confirmed serovar designations of over 60 previously characterized Listeria strains. Using select phage receptor-binding proteins coupled to paramagnetic beads, we also demonstrate the ability to specifically isolate serovar 1/2 or 4b cells from a mixed culture. In addition, glycotyping led to the discovery that strains designated serovar 4e actually possess an intermediate 4b-4d teichoic acid glycosylation pattern, underpinning the high discerning power and precision of this novel technique. IMPORTANCEListeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen that presents a major concern to the food industry due to its propensity to cause foodborne illness. The Listeria genus contains 15 different serovars, with most of the variance depending on the wall-associated teichoic acid glycopolymers, which confer somatic antigenicity. Strains belonging to serovars 1/2 and 4b cause the vast majority of listeriosis cases and outbreaks, meaning that regulators, as well as the food industry itself, have an interest in rapidly identifying isolates of these particular serovars in food processing environments. Current methods for phenotypic serovar differentiation are slow and lack accuracy, and the food industry could benefit from new technologies allowing serovar-specific isolation. Therefore, the novel method described here for rapid glycotype determination could present a valuable asset to detect and control this bacterium.
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Maćkiw E, Stasiak M, Kowalska J, Kucharek K, Korsak D, Postupolski J. Occurrence and Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready-to-Eat Meat Products in Poland. J Food Prot 2020; 83:1002-1009. [PMID: 32045003 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-19-525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a potential hazard for food safety and therefore for public health. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of L. monocytogenes in Polish ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products for retail sale. Among the 184,439 food samples collected within the framework of a national official control and monitoring program, only 0.3% were positive for L. monocytogenes. A significant group of products that did not meet the criteria were RTE meat products. This group accounted for 40% of all noncompliant samples. Seventy L. monocytogenes isolates from these RTE meat products (meat, sausages, and delicatessen products with meat) were examined. The majority of the tested isolates (51%) belonged to serogroup 1/2a-3a followed by 1/2c-3c (21%), 1/2b-3b-7 (14%), and 4ab-4b-4d-4e (13%). Serogroup 4a-4c was not present among the tested isolates. All L. monocytogenes isolates harbored the virulence-associated genes inlA, inlC, inlJ, and lmo2672. The llsX marker was detected in 12 (17%) of the 70 isolates. Ampicillin resistance was the most common resistance phenotype and was identified in 83% of the L. monocytogenes isolates. A low incidence of resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (6% of isolates) was also detected. All L. monocytogenes isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, tetracycline, and erythromycin. This work provides useful information regarding contamination of RTE meat products with L. monocytogenes, which may have implications for food safety risks. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Maćkiw
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Stasiak
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kowalska
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucharek
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Postupolski
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Obaidat MM, Kiryluk H, Rivera A, Stringer AP. Molecular serogrouping and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes from local dairy cattle farms and imported beef in Jordan. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Demaître N, Van Damme I, De Zutter L, Geeraerd AH, Rasschaert G, De Reu K. Occurrence, distribution and diversity of Listeria monocytogenes contamination on beef and pig carcasses after slaughter. Meat Sci 2020; 169:108177. [PMID: 32544760 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the prevalence and location of Listeria monocytogenes and hygiene indicator bacteria on beef and pig carcasses. Carcasses were sampled after slaughter and before cooling at eight and nine sites on the carcass, respectively. For each sample, detection and enumeration of Listeria was performed, as well as the enumeration of Total Aerobic Counts (TAC) and Enterobacteriaceae. The L. monocytogenes isolates were also typed to determine pulsotypes and clonal complexes (CC). L. monocytogenes was detected on 46% [95% CI: 35-56%] of beef and 22% [95% CI: 11-32%] of pig carcasses. Contamination levels at the different carcass sites differed considerably between beef and pigs. Genetic typing of strains suggests that carcass contamination originates from both incoming animals with transmission during slaughter practices as well as persistent (CC9) contamination from the slaughterhouse environment. These findings can be used to understand the complexity of introduction and persistence of this pathogen in slaughter facilities. Accurate correlation of L. monocytogenes presence proved unfeasible with any of the tested hygiene indicator bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Demaître
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - I Van Damme
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - L De Zutter
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - A H Geeraerd
- KU Leuven, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), Division MeBioS, Willem de Croylaan 42, box 2428, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Rasschaert
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - K De Reu
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium.
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Silva DAL, Botelho CV, Martins BTF, Tavares RM, Camargo AC, Yamatogi RS, Bersot LS, Nero LA. Listeria monocytogenes From Farm to Fork in a Brazilian Pork Production Chain. J Food Prot 2020; 83:485-490. [PMID: 32065647 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes contamination was assessed in different steps of a pork production chain. Ten lots of pigs were sampled at termination barns, at slaughter (after bleeding, after buckling, after evisceration, and after final washing), at processing (knives, deboning tables, and employees' hands), and of end products (ribs, shoulder, ham, and sausage). All samples (n = 670) were subjected to L. monocytogenes detection, and the obtained isolates (n = 18, identified as Listeria spp.) were characterized by their biochemical characteristics, serogroups, virulence genes, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles, antibiotic resistances (ampicillin, penicillin, gentamicin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim), and adhesion abilities. The results revealed the low occurrence of Listeria spp. in the evaluated pork production chain. However, four tested sausage samples (40%) were positive for Listeria spp., with L. monocytogenes identified in two (20%) of these samples. Ten isolates were identified as L. monocytogenes (eight from serogroup 1/2a or 3a and two from serogroup 4b, 4d, or 4e): all isolates were also positive for the virulence-related genes hlyA, iap, plcA, actA, inlA, inlB, inlC, and inlJ and susceptible to the tested antibiotics. One sausage sample was contaminated by both serogroups 1/2a or 3a and 4b, 4d, or 4e. Isolates from serogroup 1/2a or 3a obtained during visits 5 and 6 presented distinct genetic profiles by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, indicating that contamination may come from different sources. The adhesion potential exhibited by Listeria spp. isolates (n = 18) ranged from weak (serogroup 4b, 4d, or 4e) to moderate (L. innocua and L. monocytogenes serogroup 1/2a or 3a). Despite the low occurrence of L. monocytogenes, pathogenic serogroups were detected in sausages, demanding control measures by the industry. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo A L Silva
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Clarisse V Botelho
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Bruna T F Martins
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Rafaela M Tavares
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Anderson C Camargo
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Ricardo S Yamatogi
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Luciano S Bersot
- Laboratório de Inspeção e Controle de Qualidade de Alimentos e Água, Universidade Federal do Paraná, R. Pioneiro 2153 Jardim Dallas, Palotina, Paraná 85950-000, Brazil
| | - Luís A Nero
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
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Rip D, Gouws PA. PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates from Ready-to-Eat Foods, the Food Processing Environment, and Clinical Samples in South Africa. J Food Prot 2020; 83:518-533. [PMID: 32073615 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous, intracellular foodborne pathogen that is responsible for invasive listeriosis. The ability of L. monocytogenes to cause disease has some correlation with the serotypes of a specific lineage group, making the identification of lineage groups important for epidemiological analysis. The development of typing methods to link the strains of L. monocytogenes to an outbreak of listeriosis would help minimize the spread of the disease. The aim of this study was to design a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method to differentiate between the lineage groups of L. monocytogenes. PCR-amplified fragments of the hly gene for 12 serotypes of L. monocytogenes were sequenced, aligned, and analyzed with the BioEdit program, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within regions of this gene were identified. Because of the difficulty in acquiring a serotype 4ab reference strain, this serotype was not included in this study. We tested the specificity and accuracy of the PCR-RFLP method on these L. monocytogenes reference strains and validated the method with 172 L. monocytogenes strains recovered from humans, food, and the food processing environment in 2000 to 2002 and 2008 to 2010 from regions within South Africa. PCR-RFLP analysis applied in this study placed L. monocytogenes serotypes into one of three lineage groups based on the sequence differences and SNPs within each lineage group. The SNPs were conserved in a region where RFLP analysis could be applied for a distinction between L. monocytogenes lineage groups. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Rip
- Food Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Pieter A Gouws
- Food Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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Teixeira LA, Carvalho FT, Vallim DC, Pereira RC, Cunha Neto A, Vieira BS, Carvalho RC, Figueiredo EE. Listeria monocytogenes in Export-approved Beef from Mato Grosso, Brazil: Prevalence, Molecular Characterization and Resistance to Antibiotics and Disinfectants. Microorganisms 2019; 8:microorganisms8010018. [PMID: 31861870 PMCID: PMC7023217 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Brazilian state of Mato Grosso is the largest producer and exporter of beef in the country, but few studies of relevance have been conducted to evaluate the microbiological safety of its products. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes (LM) in export-approved beef from Mato Grosso and to characterize the isolates in terms of molecular properties and antimicrobial resistance. From a total of 50 samples analyzed, Listeria sp. was isolated in 18 (36% prevalence). Listeria monocytogenes was confirmed in 6 (12% prevalence). Among the serotype groups assessed by multiplex PCR, serotype 4 (4b, 4d or 4e) was the most prevalent. Although antibiotic resistance was not an issue, two strains isolated from different plants showed high resistance to sodium hypochlorite. Overall, this scenario causes concern because it puts at risk not only the Brazilian customer, but also the population of countries that import beef from Mato Grosso.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larrayane A.C. Teixeira
- College of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil (F.T.C.); (A.C.N.)
| | - Fernanda T. Carvalho
- College of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil (F.T.C.); (A.C.N.)
| | - Deyse C. Vallim
- Laboratory of Bacterial Zoonoses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; (D.C.V.)
| | - Rodrigo C.L. Pereira
- Laboratory of Bacterial Zoonoses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; (D.C.V.)
| | - Adelino Cunha Neto
- College of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil (F.T.C.); (A.C.N.)
| | - Bruno S. Vieira
- College of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso, 78580-000 Alta Floresta, MT, Brazil
- Correspondence: (B.S.V.); (E.E.S.F.); Tel.: +55-66-3512-7000 (B.S.V.); +55-65-3615-8811 (E.E.S.F.)
| | - Ricardo C.T. Carvalho
- College of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil (F.T.C.); (A.C.N.)
| | - Eduardo E.S. Figueiredo
- College of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil (F.T.C.); (A.C.N.)
- Correspondence: (B.S.V.); (E.E.S.F.); Tel.: +55-66-3512-7000 (B.S.V.); +55-65-3615-8811 (E.E.S.F.)
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Distribution, adhesion, virulence and antibiotic resistance of persistent Listeria monocytogenes in a pig slaughterhouse in Brazil. Food Microbiol 2019; 84:103234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Alía A, Andrade MJ, Córdoba JJ, Martín I, Rodríguez A. Development of a multiplex real-time PCR to differentiate the four major Listeria monocytogenes serotypes in isolates from meat processing plants. Food Microbiol 2019; 87:103367. [PMID: 31948615 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.103367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen, causative agent of listeriosis. The epidemiology and persistence of this bacterium in meat processing plants may be related to its serotype, so it is of utmost importance to carry out a correct differentiation of L. monocytogenes serotypes. The objective of this study was to develop a unique quadruplex real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) method able to differentiate the four most predominant and worrying L. monocytogenes serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c and 4b) in isolates from meat processing plants and ready-to-eat (RTE) dry-cured meat products. The design of specific primers and probes was based on the lmo0737, lmo0308, ORFC (locus genomically equivalent to gltA-gltB) and ORF2110 genes. A qPCR based on a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene was used to ensure the amplification of Listeria spp. genomic DNA. The standard curves showed efficiency values ranging between 92.3% and 105.8% and, R2 values > 0.98. The specificity of the method was also confirmed by the comparison of the results with those obtained by a previously reported conventional multiplex PCR. In addition, none of the strains which were not ascribed to L. monocytogenes amplified any of the target genes related to the four major serotypes of this pathogenic species. The qPCR, therefore, provides a sensitive, specific and rapid tool for identifying the L. monocytogenes serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c and 4b. This method could be very useful for identifying sources of L. monocytogenes contamination in the meat industry or for epidemiological monitoring of persistent strains throughout the processing of RTE meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Alía
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de Las Ciencias, S/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - María J Andrade
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de Las Ciencias, S/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan J Córdoba
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de Las Ciencias, S/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Irene Martín
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de Las Ciencias, S/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Alicia Rodríguez
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de Las Ciencias, S/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
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Genetic similarity, antibiotic resistance and disinfectant susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from chicken meat and chicken-meat processing environment in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Crowther CV, Hilton SH, Kemp L, Hayes MA. Isolation and identification of Listeria monocytogenes utilizing DC insulator-based dielectrophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1068:41-51. [PMID: 31072476 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens pose one of the greatest challenges facing public health in the modern day. One important pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes, is known to be challenging to detect and identify. Three serovars cause most of the Listeria related food-borne illnesses, which the Centers for Disease Control currently utilizes a combination of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and whole genome sequencing for identification and the determination of clusters and outbreaks. There is a potential method for rapid collection of epidemiological information by exploiting the electrokinetic and dielectrophoretic properties of the L. monocytogenes serovars. Using dielectrophoresis, the three most commonly identified serovars of L. monocytogenes can be distinguished from each other. The electrokinetic and dielectrophoretic mobilities of each serovar was determined through a combination of electrokinetic velocity and dielectrophoretic trapping assessments, in conjunction with finite element multi-physics modeling. A mathematical model of the data, which defines the various factors of dielectrophoretic trapping, is utilized and verified based on the behavior of L. monocytogenes in the microchannel. The trapping condition for the serovars were evaluated as 2.8±0.2×109, 2.2±0.2×109, and 2.2±0.3×109Vm-2 and the electrokinetic mobility was assessed to be 19±0.7, 17±0.7, and for the L. monocytogenes serovars 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire V Crowther
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - LaKeta Kemp
- Phoenix Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mark A Hayes
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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Heidarzadeh S, Dallal MMS, Pourmand MR, Pirjani R, Foroushani AR, Noori M, Naseri AB. Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, serotyping and virulence genes screening of Listeria monocytogenes strains at a tertiary care hospital in Tehran, Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 10:307-313. [PMID: 30675327 PMCID: PMC6340003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Listeria monocytogenes is the etiological agent of listeriosis, a highly fatal infection which causes miscarriage or stillbirth in pregnant women. The objective of this study was to detect the prevalence, serotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence factors of L. monocytogenes isolated from pregnant women with vaginitis at a tertiary care hospital in Tehran, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS During September 2015 to February 2017, a total of 400 vaginal swabs were collected from pregnant women. The presumptive isolates were characterized biochemically. All L. monocytogenes isolates were further analyzed by serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility tests. All positive samples for L. monocytogenes were analyzed for presence of virulence genes (hlyA, actA, inlA, inlC, inlJ and prfA). RESULTS Twenty-two (5.5%) of the samples were found positive for presence of L. monocytogenes. Most isolates are resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (81.82%) and chloramphenicol (54.55%). The majority of tested isolates (59.10%) belonged to serotype 4b, followed by 1/2a (22.73%), 1/2b (13.63%), and 3c (4.54%). The hlyA, actA and inlA were detected in all of the 22 L. monocytogenes isolates, but two, three and five isolates were found to lack inlC, inlJ and prfA, respectively. Only one isolate lacked three inlC, inlJ and prfA genes, and two isolates simultaneously lacked both inlJ and prfA genes. CONCLUSION Evaluation of virulence factors and antimicrobial susceptibility can be highly helpful to develop effective treatment strategies against L. monocytogenes infections. This study is noteworthy in that it documents prevalence, virulence characteristics, and antimicrobial resistance of L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Heidarzadeh
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Ph.D, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel/fax: 021-88954910,
| | - Mohammad Reza Pourmand
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Pirjani
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Arash Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahimi Foroushani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matina Noori
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Arash Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Babazadeh Naseri
- Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kuch A, Goc A, Belkiewicz K, Filipello V, Ronkiewicz P, Gołębiewska A, Wróbel I, Kiedrowska M, Waśko I, Hryniewicz W, Lomonaco S, Skoczyńska A. Molecular diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from invasive infections in Poland (1997-2013). Sci Rep 2018; 8:14562. [PMID: 30267005 PMCID: PMC6162231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemiology of invasive listeriosis in humans appears to be weakly characterized in Poland, the sixth most populous member state of the European Union. We obtained antimicrobial susceptibility data, PCR-serogroups and genotypic profiles for 344 invasive isolates of Listeria monocytogenes, collected between 1997 and 2013 in Poland. All isolates were susceptible to the 10 tested antimicrobials, except one that was resistant to tetracycline and minocycline and harbored the tet(M), tet(A) and tet(C) genes. Overall, no increasing MIC values were observed during the study period. Four PCR-serogroups were observed: IVb (55.8%), IIa (34.3%), IIb (8.1%) and IIc (1.8%). We identified clonal complexes (CCs) and epidemic clones (ECs) previously involved in outbreaks worldwide, with the most prevalent CCs/ECs being: CC6/ECII (32.6%), CC1/ECI (17.2%), CC8/ECV (6.1%) and CC2/ECIV (5.5%). The present study is the first extensive analysis of Polish L. monocytogenes isolates from invasive infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Kuch
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, Warsaw, 00-725, Poland
| | - Anna Goc
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Genetics, Toruń, 87-100, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Belkiewicz
- National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Department of Microbiology, Warsaw, 01-138, Poland
| | - Virginia Filipello
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Grugliasco, 10095, Italy
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, 25124, Italy
| | - Patrycja Ronkiewicz
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, Warsaw, 00-725, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gołębiewska
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, Warsaw, 00-725, Poland
| | - Izabela Wróbel
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, Warsaw, 00-725, Poland
| | - Marlena Kiedrowska
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, Warsaw, 00-725, Poland
| | - Izabela Waśko
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, Warsaw, 00-725, Poland
| | - Waleria Hryniewicz
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, Warsaw, 00-725, Poland
| | - Sara Lomonaco
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Grugliasco, 10095, Italy
- US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, 20740, USA
| | - Anna Skoczyńska
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, Warsaw, 00-725, Poland
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Zahirnia Z, Mansouri S, Saffari F. Pregnancy-related listeriosis: frequency and genotypic characteristics of L. monocytogenes from human specimens in Kerman, Iran. Wien Med Wochenschr 2018; 169:226-231. [PMID: 30178426 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-018-0648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that can pose serious complications during pregnancy and neonatal infection. This study aimed to determine the frequency of L. monocytogenes infection, prevalent serotypes, and virulence genes among pregnant women and those experiencing miscarriages in Kerman, Iran. Out of 200 vaginal swabs, 4.5 and 29.5% of specimens were positive for L. monocytogenes infection as identified by culture and molecular methods, respectively. The majority of isolates from positive cultures (89%) of pregnant women resulted in stillbirth, death, and blindness. The most prevalent virulence determinants were inl B, prf A, and act A. The majority of isolates were non-typable. A history of miscarriage and gestational age are known to be significantly associated with the presence of infection. This study emphasizes the importance of initial screening for L. monocytogenes in pregnant women in Iran. Molecular methods may be useful in this process. Increasing the awareness of pregnant women could be effective in reducing pregnancy-related listeriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zahirnia
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahla Mansouri
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Fereshteh Saffari
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Witkowska E, Korsak D, Kowalska A, Janeczek A, Kamińska A. Strain-level typing and identification of bacteria - a novel approach for SERS active plasmonic nanostructures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:5019-5031. [PMID: 29907950 PMCID: PMC6061775 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the potential applications of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is the detection of biological compounds and microorganisms. Here we demonstrate that SERS coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) serves as a perfect method for determining the taxonomic affiliation of bacteria at the strain level. We demonstrate for the first time that it is possible to distinguish different genoserogroups within a single species, Listeria monocytogenes, which is one of the most virulent foodborne pathogens and in some cases contact with which may be fatal. We also postulate that it is possible to detect additional proteins in the L. monocytogenes cell envelope, which provide resistance to benzalkonium chloride and cadmium. A better understanding of this infectious agent could help in selecting the appropriate pharmaceutical product for enhanced treatment. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Witkowska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Applied Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Kowalska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Janeczek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kamińska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
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Al-Ali HJ, Al-Rodhan MA, Al-Hilali SA, Al-Charrakh AH, Al-Mohana AM, Hadi ZJ. Molecular detection ofserotype groups of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from gallbladder of cattle and sheep in Iraq. Vet World 2018; 11:431-436. [PMID: 29805206 PMCID: PMC5960780 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.431-436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study was designed to investigate the occurrence of serotypes of Listeria monocytogenes, an important food-borne pathogen, in gallbladder samples from cattle and sheep. Materials and Methods Three hundred samples were collected and screened for the presence of L. monocytogenes. The identification of the isolates was confirmed by API-Listeria system and by the presence of hemolysin (hyl) gene. The isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction-based serotype identification with d1 (division 1), d2 (division 2), glt, mama (mismatch amplification mutation assay), and flaA (flagellin protein) genes. Results A total of 8 (2.7%) L. monocytogenes were recovered from 6 (4.0%) samples of sheep and 2 (1.3%) samples of cattle. All isolates showed positive results with Hly primers. Four isolates carried d1 gene, did not possess glt gene and harbored mama gene. The serotypes of these isolates were identified as 4a or 4c. The other 4 isolates carried d2 gene, 3 of them were positive with the FlaA primers, and hence, determined to be a 1/2a or 3a serotype, and 1 isolate was determined to be 1/2c or 3c serotype. Conclusion This study concluded that the presence of 1/2a serotype in gallbladder samples indicates public health risk through cross-contamination of meat at slaughterhouses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohsen Abd Al-Rodhan
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | | | - Alaa Hani Al-Charrakh
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Babylon University, Hillah, Babylon Governorate, Iraq
| | | | - Zainab Jaber Hadi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
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36
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Biofilm formation and microscopic analysis of biofilms formed by Listeria monocytogenes in a food processing context. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Prevalence and methodologies for detection, characterization and subtyping of Listeria monocytogenes and L. ivanovii in foods and environmental sources. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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38
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Abay S, Irkin R, Aydin F, Müştak HK, Diker KS. The prevalence of major foodborne pathogens in ready-to-eat chicken meat samples sold in retail markets in Turkey and the molecular characterization of the recovered isolates. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Datta AR, Burall LS. Serotype to genotype: The changing landscape of listeriosis outbreak investigations. Food Microbiol 2017; 75:18-27. [PMID: 30056958 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The classical definition of a disease outbreak is the occurrence of cases of disease in excess of what would normally be expected in a community, geographical area or time period. The establishment of an outbreak then starts with the identification of an incidence of cases above the normally expected threshold during a given time period. Subsequently, the cases are examined using a variety of subtyping methods to identify potential linkages. As listeriosis disease has a long incubation period, relating a single source or multiple sources of contaminated food to clinical disease is challenging and time consuming. The vast majority of human listeriosis cases are caused by three serotypes, 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b. Thus serotyping of isolates from suspected foods and clinical samples, although useful for eliminating some food sources, has a very limited discriminatory power. The advent of faster and more affordable sequencing technology, coupled with increased computational power, has permitted comparisons of whole Listeria genome sequences from isolates recovered from clinical, food, and environmental sources. These analyses made it possible to identify outbreaks and the source much more accurately and faster, thus leading to a reduction in number of illnesses as well as a reduction in economic losses. Initial DNA sequence information also facilitated the development of a simple molecular serotype protocol which allowed for the identification of major disease causing serotypes of L. monocytogenes, including a clade of 4b variant (4bV) strains of L. monocytogenes involved in at least 3 more recent listeriosis outbreaks in the US. Furthermore, data generated using whole genome sequence (WGS) analyses was successfully utilized to develop a pan-genomic DNA microarray as well as a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based analysis. Herein, we present and compare, the two recently developed sub-typing technologies and discuss how these methods are not only important in outbreak investigations, but could also shed light on possible adaptations to different foods and environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atin R Datta
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, 20708, USA.
| | - Laurel S Burall
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, 20708, USA
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40
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Chen JQ, Healey S, Regan P, Laksanalamai P, Hu Z. PCR-based methodologies for detection and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii in foods and environmental sources. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Occurrence and characterization of food-borne pathogens isolated from fruit, vegetables and sprouts retailed in the Czech Republic. Food Microbiol 2017; 63:147-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Hingston P, Chen J, Dhillon BK, Laing C, Bertelli C, Gannon V, Tasara T, Allen K, Brinkman FSL, Truelstrup Hansen L, Wang S. Genotypes Associated with Listeria monocytogenes Isolates Displaying Impaired or Enhanced Tolerances to Cold, Salt, Acid, or Desiccation Stress. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:369. [PMID: 28337186 PMCID: PMC5340757 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is a large concern in the food industry where its continuous detection in food products has caused a string of recalls in North America and Europe. Most recognized for its ability to grow in foods during refrigerated storage, L. monocytogenes can also tolerate several other food-related stresses with some strains possessing higher levels of tolerances than others. The objective of this study was to use a combination of phenotypic analyses and whole genome sequencing to elucidate potential relationships between L. monocytogenes genotypes and food-related stress tolerance phenotypes. To accomplish this, 166 L. monocytogenes isolates were sequenced and evaluated for their ability to grow in cold (4°C), salt (6% NaCl, 25°C), and acid (pH 5, 25°C) stress conditions as well as survive desiccation (33% RH, 20°C). The results revealed that the stress tolerance of L. monocytogenes is associated with serotype, clonal complex (CC), full length inlA profiles, and the presence of a plasmid which was identified in 55% of isolates. Isolates with full length inlA exhibited significantly (p < 0.001) enhanced cold tolerance relative to those harboring a premature stop codon (PMSC) in this gene. Similarly, isolates possessing a plasmid demonstrated significantly (p = 0.013) enhanced acid tolerance. We also identified nine new L. monocytogenes sequence types, a new inlA PMSC, and several connections between CCs and the presence/absence or variations of specific genetic elements. A whole genome single-nucleotide-variants phylogeny revealed sporadic distribution of tolerant isolates and closely related sensitive and tolerant isolates, highlighting that minor genetic differences can influence the stress tolerance of L. monocytogenes. Specifically, a number of cold and desiccation sensitive isolates contained PMSCs in σB regulator genes (rsbS, rsbU, rsbV). Collectively, the results suggest that knowing the sequence type of an isolate in addition to screening for the presence of full-length inlA and a plasmid, could help food processors and food agency investigators determine why certain isolates might be persisting in a food processing environment. Additionally, increased sequencing of L. monocytogenes isolates in combination with stress tolerance profiling, will enhance the ability to identify genetic elements associated with higher risk strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Hingston
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jessica Chen
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bhavjinder K. Dhillon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser UniversityBurnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Chad Laing
- Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of CanadaLethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Claire Bertelli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser UniversityBurnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Victor Gannon
- Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of CanadaLethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Taurai Tasara
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Allen
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fiona S. L. Brinkman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser UniversityBurnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen
- Division for Microbiology and Production, National Food Institute, Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Siyun Wang
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
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Lee DY, Ha JH, Lee MK, Cho YS. Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotyping of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from ready-to-eat seafood and food processing environments in Korea. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:287-291. [PMID: 30263540 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of 33 L. monocytogenes isolates collected from ready-to-eat seafood and food processing environments. The isolated strains belonged to the 1/2b (73%), 4b (15%), and 1/2a (12%) serotypes; 11 of the obtained environmental swab samples belonged to the 1/2b serogroup. Antimicrobial resistance to benzyl penicillin (100%), clindamycin (100%), oxacillin (100%), ampicillin (97%), and tetracycline (18%) was detected, and 27/33 isolates (82%) showed resistance to four antibiotics and 6/33 (18%) were resistant to five. Total typing by automated repetitive sequence-based PCR revealed that the 33 isolates grouped into four distinct clusters with significantly correlated serotypes. These findings provide important information about the safety of ready-to-eat seafood and suggest that control measures should be adopted in order to mitigate the risk to humans posed by L. monocytogenes contaminated seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Yeon Lee
- 1Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13539 Korea
| | - Jae Ho Ha
- World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755 Korea
| | - Myung Ki Lee
- 3Traditional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13539 Korea
| | - Yong Sun Cho
- 1Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13539 Korea
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44
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Inactivation and induction of sublethal injury of Listeria monocytogenes in biofilm treated with various sanitizers. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Palma JM, Lisboa RC, Rodrigues DP, Santos AF, Hofer E, Santana AP. Caracterização molecular de Listeria monocytogenes oriundas de cortes cárneos bovinos e de abatedouros frigoríficos de bovinos localizados no Distrito Federal, Brasil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2016001000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
RESUMO: Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a detecção de cepas de Listeria monocytogenes de cortes cárneos bovinos bem como no ambiente de abatedouros frigoríficos localizados no Distrito Federal, promover a sorotipificação pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), realizar antibiograma e submeter às cepas à eletroforese de campo pulsado (Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis - PFGE). Foram analisados um total de 125 cortes cárneos bovinos, 45 amostras de swabs de carcaças e 43 amostras de swabs em que foram detectados 13 cepas de Listeria monocytogenes, sendo 11 em cortes cárneos bovinos e 2 swabs de ambiente em um abatedouro frigorifico. Não foram isoladas cepas de swabs de carcaça. Dentre as 13 cepas de Listeria monocytogenes foram encontradas seis cepas do sorotipo 4b, cinco do sorotipo 1/2c e duas cepas do sorotipo 1/2a. Dentre as 11 cepas de L. monocytogenes encontradas em cortes cárneos bovino, uma (9,1%) cepa apresentou resistência a eritromicina, outra (9,1%) cepa a gentamicina e outra a ciprofloxacina (9,1%) e todas as cepas (100%) apresentaram resistência ao Ác. Nalidíxico. Das duas (2) cepas oriundas de ralos de abatedouro frigorífico, todas (100%) apresentaram resistência ao Ác. Nalidíxico e a sulfonamidas. A análise por eletroforese de campo pulsante (PFGE) demonstrou 13 diferentes pulsotipos, em que foram agrupados em 3 diferentes grupos clonais, que coincidentemente se correlacionavam com os 3 diferentes sorotipos encontrados sugerindo uma ampla disseminação desses perfis no Distrito Federal.
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Silva DAL, Camargo AC, Todorov SD, Nero LA. Listeria
spp. contamination in a butcher shop environment and Listeria monocytogenes
adhesion ability and sensitivity to food-contact surface sanitizers. J Food Saf 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo A. L. Silva
- Departamento de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Campus UFV, Centro 36570 900 Viçosa MG Brazil
| | - Anderson C. Camargo
- Departamento de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Campus UFV, Centro 36570 900 Viçosa MG Brazil
| | - Svetoslav D. Todorov
- Departamento de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Campus UFV, Centro 36570 900 Viçosa MG Brazil
| | - Luís A. Nero
- Departamento de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Campus UFV, Centro 36570 900 Viçosa MG Brazil
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47
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Gelbíčová T, Pantůček R, Karpíšková R. Virulence factors and resistance to antimicrobials in Listeria monocytogenes
serotype 1/2c isolated from food. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:569-76. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Gelbíčová
- Veterinary Research Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - R. Pantůček
- Department of Experimental Biology; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
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48
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Camargo AC, Woodward JJ, Nero LA. The Continuous Challenge of Characterizing the Foodborne Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2016; 13:405-16. [PMID: 27120361 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2015.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen commonly isolated from food processing environments and food products. This organism can multiply at refrigeration temperatures, form biofilms on different materials and under various conditions, resist a range of environmental stresses, and contaminate food products by cross-contamination. L. monocytogenes is recognized as the causative agent of listeriosis, a serious disease that affects mainly individuals from high-risk groups, such as pregnant women, newborns, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Listeriosis can be considered a disease that has emerged along with changing eating habits and large-scale industrial food processing. This disease causes losses of billions of dollars every year with recalls of contaminated foods and patient medical treatment expenses. In addition to the immune status of the host and the infecting dose, the virulence potential of each strain is crucial for the development of disease symptoms. While many isolates are naturally virulent, other isolates are avirulent and unable to cause disease; this may vary according to the presence of molecular determinants associated with virulence. In the last decade, the characterization of genetic profiles through the use of molecular methods has helped track and demonstrate the genetic diversity among L. monocytogenes isolates obtained from various sources. The purposes of this review were to summarize the main methods used for isolation, identification, and typing of L. monocytogenes and also describe its most relevant virulence characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Carlos Camargo
- 1 Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Augusto Nero
- 1 Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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49
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Silva DALD, Dias MR, Cossi MVC, Castilho NPAD, Camargo AC, Nero LA. Hygiene and Safety in the Meat Processing Environment from Butcher Shops: Microbiological Contamination and Listeria monocytogenes. J Food Prot 2016; 79:628-34. [PMID: 27052868 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The quality and safety of meat products can be estimated by assessing their contamination by hygiene indicator microorganisms and some foodborne pathogens, with Listeria monocytogenes as a major concern. To identify the main sources of microbiological contamination in the processing environment of three butcher shops, surface samples were obtained from the hands of employees, tables, knives, inside butcher displays, grinders, and meat tenderizers (24 samples per point). All samples were subjected to enumeration of hygiene indicator microorganisms and detection of L. monocytogenes, and the obtained isolates were characterized by their serogroups and virulence genes. The results demonstrated the absence of relevant differences in the levels of microbiological contamination among butcher shops; samples with counts higher than reference values indicated inefficiency in adopted hygiene procedures. A total of 87 samples were positive for Listeria spp. (60.4%): 22 from tables, 20 from grinders, 16 from knives, 13 from hands, 9 from meat tenderizers, and 7 from butcher shop displays. Thirty-one samples (21.5%) were positive for L. monocytogenes, indicating the presence of the pathogen in meat processing environments. Seventy-four L. monocytogenes isolates were identified, with 52 from serogroups 1/2c or 3c and 22 from serogroups 4b, 4d, 4a, or 4c. All 74 isolates were positive for hlyA, iap, plcA, actA, and internalins (inlA, inlB, inlC, and inlJ). The establishment of appropriate procedures to reduce microbial counts and control the spread of L. monocytogenes in the final steps of the meat production chain is of utmost importance, with obvious effects on the quality and safety of meat products for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariane Rezende Dias
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Coutinho Cossi
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38408-100, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson Carlos Camargo
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Lúis Augusto Nero
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
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50
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de Vasconcelos Byrne V, Hofer E, Vallim DC, de Castro Almeida RC. Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from vegetables. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:438-43. [PMID: 26991279 PMCID: PMC4874581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the consumption of fresh and minimally processed vegetables is considered healthy, outbreaks related to the contamination of these products are frequently reported. Among the food-borne pathogens that contaminate vegetables is Listeria monocytogenes, a ubiquitous organism that exhibits the ability to survive and multiply at refrigerated temperatures. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in vegetables as well as the antimicrobial resistance of isolates. The results showed that 3.03% of samples were contaminated with L. monocytogenes, comprising 2.22% of raw vegetables and 5.56% of ready-to-eat vegetables. Multiplex PCR confirmed the virulence potential of the isolates. Antimicrobial resistance profiling showed that 50% of the isolates were susceptible to the antibiotics used. The resistance of one isolate to penicillin G, a commonly employed therapeutic agent, and the presence of serotype 4b, a serotype commonly associated with food-borne outbreaks, could be potential health hazards for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernesto Hofer
- Laboratory of Bacterial Zoonoses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Deyse Christina Vallim
- Laboratory of Bacterial Zoonoses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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