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Grand RJ. Pathogenicity and virulence of human adenovirus F41: Possible links to severe hepatitis in children. Virulence 2023; 14:2242544. [PMID: 37543996 PMCID: PMC10405776 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2242544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 100 human adenoviruses (HAdVs) have been isolated and allocated to seven species, A-G. Species F comprises two members-HAdV-F40 and HAdV-F41. As their primary site of infection is the gastrointestinal tract they have been termed, with species A, enteric adenoviruses. HAdV-F40 and HAdV-F41 are a common cause of gastroenteritis and diarrhoea in children. Partly because of difficulties in propagating the viruses in the laboratory, due to their restrictions on growth in many cell lines, our knowledge of the properties of individual viral proteins is limited. However, the structure of HAdV-F41 has recently been determined by cryo-electron microscopy. The overall structure is similar to those of HAdV-C5 and HAdV-D26 although with some differences. The sequence and arrangement of the hexon hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) and the arrangement of the C-terminal region of protein IX differ. Variations in the penton base and hexon HVR1 may play a role in facilitating infection of intestinal cells by HAdV-F41. A unique feature of HAdV-F40 and F41, among human adenoviruses, is the presence and expression of two fibre genes, giving long and short fibre proteins. This may also contribute to the tropism of these viruses. HAdV-F41 has been linked to a recent outbreak of severe acute hepatitis "of unknown origin" in young children. Further investigation has shown a very high prevalence of adeno-associated virus-2 in the liver and/or plasma of some cohorts of patients. These observations have proved controversial as HAdV-F41 had not been reported to infect the liver and AAV-2 has generally been considered harmless.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger J. Grand
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Science, the Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Lai J, Yang L, Chen F, He X, Zhang R, Zhao Y, Gao G, Mu W, Chen X, Luo S, Ren T, Xiang B. Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics of FAdV-4 from Indigenous Chicken Breeds in Yunnan Province, Southwestern China. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2631. [PMID: 38004643 PMCID: PMC10673041 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus-induced hepatitis-pericardial effusion syndrome outbreaks have been increasingly reported in China since 2015, resulting in substantial economic losses to the poultry industry. The genetic diversity of indigenous chicken results in different immune traits, affecting the evolution of these viruses. Although the molecular epidemiology of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) has been well studied in commercial broiler and layer chickens, the prevalence and genetic characteristics of FAdV-4 in indigenous chickens remain largely unknown. In this study, samples were collected from six indigenous chicken breeds in Yunnan province, China. FAdV-positive samples were identified in five of the six indigenous chicken populations via PCR and 10 isolates were obtained. All FAdVs belonged to serotype FAdV-4 and species FAdV-C. The hexon, fiber, and penton gene sequence comparison analysis demonstrated that the prevalence of FAdV-4 isolates in these chickens might have originated from other provinces that exported chicks and poultry products to Yunnan province. Moreover, several distinct amino acid mutations were firstly identified in the major structural proteins. Our findings highlighted the need to decrease inter-regional movements of live poultry to protect indigenous chicken genetic resources and that the immune traits of these indigenous chickens might result in new mutations of FAdV-4 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Lai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Liangyu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Fashun Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xingchen He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Rongjie Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Gan Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Weiwu Mu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shiyu Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Tao Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bin Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Center for Poultry Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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Fang B, Lai J, Liu Y, Yu TT, Yu X, Li X, Dong L, Zhang X, Yang W, Yan Q, Sun L, Liu LL. Genetic characterization of human adenoviruses in patients using metagenomic next-generation sequencing in Hubei, China, from 2018 to 2019. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1153728. [PMID: 37007506 PMCID: PMC10060807 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1153728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThis study aimed to characterize the genomic epidemiology of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) in Hubei, China, using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).MethodsIn total, 25 HAdV-positive samples collected from 21 pediatric patients were sequenced and subjected to mNGS using the NextSeq 550 and GenoLab M sequencing platforms. The metagenomic data were assembled de novo for molecular typing, phylogenetic and recombination analyzes.ResultsWe assembled 50 HAdV genomes, 88% (22/25) genomes from GenoLab M, and 84% (21/25) genomes from NextSeq 550 have perfect alignments to reference genomes with greater than 90%. The most fully assembled 25 genomes were categorized into 7 HAdV genotypes, the most abundant of which were HAdV-B3 (9/25) and HAdV-C2 (6/25). Phylogenetic analyzes revealed that the newly isolated HAdV-B3 strains diverged into separate clusters according to their genotypes. Vigilance is needed that HAdV-B3 isolates have begun to form new distinct clusters. High nucleotide identity was observed in the whole genome level within the same HAdV genotypes, while marked differences of three capsid genes across HAdV genotypes were noted. The high nucleotide diversity regions were concordant with the reported hypervariable regions. Further, three recombinant strains were identified: S64 and S71 originated from the parental strains HAdV-B14 and HAdV-B11, and S28 originated from HAdV-C1, HAdV-C5, and HAdV-CBJ113. GenoLab M and NextSeq 550 showed comparable performance with respect to data yield, duplication rate, human ratio, and assembly completeness.ConclusionThe sequencing quality and assembly accuracy showed that mNGS assembled genomes can be used for subsequently HAdV genotyping and genomic characterization. The high nucleotide diversity of capsid genes and high frequency of recombination events has highlighted the necessity for HAdV epidemiological surveillance in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fang
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Lai
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tian-tian Yu
- School of Public Health, Department of Nutritional Hygiene and Toxicology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijun Dong
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Yang
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Yan
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Sun
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Sun,
| | - Lin-lin Liu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Wuhan, China
- Lin-lin Liu,
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Bots STF, Kemp V, Dautzenberg IJC, Hoeben RC. Genome Analyses of Ten New Ape Adenoviruses with Similarity to Human Mastadenovirus C. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179832. [PMID: 36077230 PMCID: PMC9456536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenoviruses (AdVs) isolated from humans are taxonomically grouped in seven different species in the Mastadenovirus genus (HAdV-A through G). AdVs isolated from apes are often included in one of the human AdV species. Here we describe the sequence analyses of ten new AdVs that are related to the HAdV-C species and that were isolated from healthy western lowland gorillas, bonobos, chimpanzees, and orangutans kept in Dutch zoos. We analyzed these viruses and compared their genome sequences to those of human- and ape-derived AdV sequences in the NCBI GenBank database. Our data demonstrated that the ape-derived viruses clustering to HAdV-C are markedly distinct from the human HAdV-C species in the size and nucleotide composition (%GC) of their genome, differ in the amino-acid sequence of AdV proteins, and have longer RGD-loops in their penton-base proteins. The viruses form three well-separated clades (the human, the gorilla, and the combined group of the bonobo and chimpanzee viruses), and we propose that these should each be given species-level ranks. The Ad-lumc005 AdV isolated from orangutans was found to be very similar to the gorilla AdVs, and bootstrap inference provided evidence of recombination between the orangutan AdV and the gorilla AdVs. This suggests that this virus may not be a genuine orangutan AdV but may have been transferred from a gorilla to an orangutan host.
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Bahlmann NA, Tsoukas RL, Erkens S, Wang H, Jönsson F, Aydin M, Naumova EA, Lieber A, Ehrhardt A, Zhang W. Properties of Adenovirus Vectors with Increased Affinity to DSG2 and the Potential Benefits of Oncolytic Approaches and Gene Therapy. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081835. [PMID: 36016457 PMCID: PMC9412290 DOI: 10.3390/v14081835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinomas are characterized by a widespread upregulation of intercellular junctions that create a barrier to immune response and drug therapy. Desmoglein 2 (DSG2) represents such a junction protein and serves as one adenovirus receptor. Importantly, the interaction between human adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) and DSG2 leads to the shedding of the binding domain followed by a decrease in the junction protein expression and transient tight junction opening. Junction opener 4 (JO-4), a small recombinant protein derived from the Ad3 fiber knob, was previously developed with a higher affinity to DSG2. JO-4 protein has been proven to enhance the effects of antibody therapy and chemotherapy and is now considered for clinical trials. However, the effect of the JO4 mutation in the context of a virus remains insufficiently studied. Therefore, we introduced the JO4 mutation to various adenoviral vectors to explore their infection properties. In the current experimental settings and investigated cell lines, the JO4-containing vectors showed no enhanced transduction compared with their parental vectors in DSG2-high cell lines. Moreover, in DSG2-low cell lines, the JO4 vectors presented a rather weakened effect. Interestingly, DSG2-negative cell line MIA PaCa-2 even showed resistance to JO4 vector infection, possibly due to the negative effect of JO4 mutation on the usage of another Ad3 receptor: CD46. Together, our observations suggest that the JO4 vectors may have an advantage to prevent CD46-mediated sequestration, thereby achieving DSG2-specific transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora A. Bahlmann
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Raphael L. Tsoukas
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Erkens
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Box 357720, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Franziska Jönsson
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Malik Aydin
- Laboratory of Experimental Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 42283 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ella A. Naumova
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
| | - André Lieber
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Box 357720, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Anja Ehrhardt
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (W.Z.)
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First Record of HAdV-D20 Among Keratoconjunctivitis Patients in Iraq. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 11:176-181. [PMID: 35765528 PMCID: PMC9208557 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.11.1.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Human Adenovirus species D (HAdV-D) was common human viral pathogen especially in eye infection, consists of several types of which HAdV-D8, -D19 and -D37 were common in eye infection. This study includes detection of HAdV-D types implicated in conjunctivitis based on L2 (Penton protein) gene similarity. Methods Conjunctival swabs were collected from Keratoconjunctivitis patients as eye infection related to adenovirus. Viral nucleic acids were extracted and specific primer pairs for HAdV-D L2 gene (encoding for penton base protein) was used to amplify the target gene and only positive samples were sent to sequencing. Results The results revealed that only 6 samples give positive results for L2 gene amplification and then sent for sequencing for L2 (penton protein) gene-based typing. The results show that 4 local isolates (S1, S2, S3, S6) were similar to HAdV-D8 and 2 local isolates (S4, S5) were similar to HAdV-D20. Also the results display that the HAdV-37, prominent HAdV-D type of human eye infection, may be variant of HAdV-D20 due to that six variation were seen in S4and S5 local isolates nucleotide sequence in relation to HAdV-D37: T>C at position 14364, A>C at position 14411, T>C at position 14427, C>A at position 14448, G>A at position 14540 and T>C at position 14617, leading to only 2 amino acid change in resulted penton protein: T (Threonine) instead of K (Lysine) at position 204 and N (Asparagine) instead of D (Aspartic acid) at position 247. Conclusion The current study concludes the possibility of implication of HAdV-D20 in eye infections especially conjunctivitis.
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Duan Y, Xu B, Li C, Bao Y, An S, Zhou Y, Chen A, Deng L, Ning L, Zhu Y, Wang W, Zhang M, Xu L, Chen X, Xie Z. Molecular Characteristics of Human Adenovirus Type 3 Circulating in Parts of China During 2014-2018. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:688661. [PMID: 34267738 PMCID: PMC8276179 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.688661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are important pathogens causing respiratory infections; 3.5-11% of childhood community-acquired pneumonia is associated with HAdV infection. Human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3), leading to severe morbidity and mortality, is one of the most prevalent genotype among adenoviruses responsible for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children in China. To identify the genetic variation of HAdV-3 in children with ARIs in China, a molecular epidemiological study was conducted. A total of 54 HAdV-3 isolated strains were obtained from children with ARIs in Beijing, Wenzhou, Shanghai, Shijiazhuang, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, and Changchun from 2014 to 2018. Thirty-two strains of which were selected for whole-genome sequencing, while the hexon, penton base, and fiber genes were sequenced for remaining strains. Bioinformatics analysis was performed on the obtained sequences. The phylogenetic analyses based on whole-genome sequences, major capsid protein genes (hexon, penton base, and fiber), and early genes (E1, E2, E3, and E4) showed that the HAdV-3 strains obtained in this study always clustered together with the reference strains from Chinese mainland, while the HAdV-3 prototype strain formed a cluster independently. Compared with the prototype strain, all strains possessed nine amino acid (AA) substitutions at neutralization antigenic epitopes of hexon. The homology models of the hexon protein of the HAdV-3 prototype and strain BJ20160214 showed that there was no evident structural change at the AA mutation sites. Two AA substitutions were found at the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) loop and hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) region of the penton base. A distinct AA insertion (20P) in the highly conserved PPPSY motif of the penton base that had never been reported before was observed. Recombination analysis indicated that partial regions of protein IIIa precursor, penton base, and protein VII precursor genes among all HAdV-3 strains in this study were from HAdV-7. This study showed that the genomes of the HAdV-3 strains in China were highly homologous. Some AA mutations were found at antigenic sites; however, the significance needs further study. Our data demonstrated the molecular characteristics of HAdV-3 circulating in China and was highly beneficial for further epidemiological exploration and the development of vaccines and drugs against HAdV-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Baoping Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Changchong Li
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yixiao Bao
- Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhua An
- Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunlian Zhou
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aihuan Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Deng
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Ning
- Children's Hospital of Changchun, Changchun, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangpeng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
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Adenovirus Structure: What Is New? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105240. [PMID: 34063479 PMCID: PMC8156859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses are large (~950 Å) and complex non-enveloped, dsDNA icosahedral viruses. They have a pseudo-T = 25 triangulation number with at least 12 different proteins composing the virion. These include the major and minor capsid proteins, core proteins, maturation protease, terminal protein, and packaging machinery. Although adenoviruses have been studied for more than 60 years, deciphering their architecture has presented a challenge for structural biology techniques. An outstanding event was the first near-atomic resolution structure of human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-C5), solved by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) in 2010. Discovery of new adenovirus types, together with methodological advances in structural biology techniques, in particular cryo-EM, has lately produced a considerable amount of new, high-resolution data on the organization of adenoviruses belonging to different species. In spite of these advances, the organization of the non-icosahedral core is still a great unknown. Nevertheless, alternative techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) are providing interesting glimpses on the role of the core proteins in genome condensation and virion stability. Here we summarize the current knowledge on adenovirus structure, with an emphasis on high-resolution structures obtained since 2010.
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Duan Y, Li C, Deng L, An S, Zhu Y, Wang W, Zhang M, Xu L, Xu B, Chen X, Xie Z. Genetic Analysis of Human Adenovirus Type 7 Strains Circulating in Different Parts of China. Virol Sin 2021; 36:382-392. [PMID: 33400092 PMCID: PMC7783484 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the molecular epidemiology and genetic variation of human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV-7) in children with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in China. HAdV-7-positive respiratory samples collected from children with ARI in Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Wenzhou and Guangzhou from 2014-2018 were selected for gene amplification and sequence analysis. Fifty-seven HAdV-7 clinical strains with hexon, penton base and fiber gene sequences were obtained. Meanwhile 17 strains were selected randomly from different cities for whole genome sequencing. Phylogenetic and variation analyses were performed based on the obtained sequences, HAdV-7 prototype strain Gomen (AY594255), vaccine strains (AY495969 and AY594256) and representative sequences of strains. The phylogenetic trees constructed based on whole genome sequences, major capsid protein genes (hexon, penton base and fiber) and the early genes (E1, E2, E3 and E4) were not completely consistent. The HAdV-7 strains obtained in this study always clustered with most of the circulating strains worldwide from the 1980s to the present. Compared with the HAdV-7 prototype strain Gomen (AY594255), some amino acid mutations in loop1 and loop2 of hexon and the RGD loop region of the penton base gene were observed. Recombination analysis showed that partial regions of 55 kDa protein and 100 kDa hexon-assembly associated protein genes among all HAdV-7 strains in this study were from HAdV-16 and HAdV-3, respectively. Our study demonstrated the molecular evolution characteristics of HAdV-7 strains circulating in China and provided basic reference data for the prevention, control and vaccine development of HAdV-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Changchong Li
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Li Deng
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Shuhua An
- Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Baoping Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Xiangpeng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China.
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China.
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10
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Rafie K, Lenman A, Fuchs J, Rajan A, Arnberg N, Carlson LA. The structure of enteric human adenovirus 41-A leading cause of diarrhea in children. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/2/eabe0974. [PMID: 33523995 PMCID: PMC7793593 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe0974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) types F40 and F41 are a prominent cause of diarrhea and diarrhea-associated mortality in young children worldwide. These enteric HAdVs differ notably in tissue tropism and pathogenicity from respiratory and ocular adenoviruses, but the structural basis for this divergence has been unknown. Here, we present the first structure of an enteric HAdV-HAdV-F41-determined by cryo-electron microscopy to a resolution of 3.8 Å. The structure reveals extensive alterations to the virion exterior as compared to nonenteric HAdVs, including a unique arrangement of capsid protein IX. The structure also provides new insights into conserved aspects of HAdV architecture such as a proposed location of core protein V, which links the viral DNA to the capsid, and assembly-induced conformational changes in the penton base protein. Our findings provide the structural basis for adaptation of enteric HAdVs to a fundamentally different tissue tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rafie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Lenman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Section of Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Fuchs
- Proteomics Core Facility at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Rajan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Section of Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - N Arnberg
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Section of Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - L-A Carlson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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11
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Nguyen TTH, Le TA, Nguyen VH, Nguyen TU, Nguyen PT, Tran TTA, Nguyen QH, Hoang AT, Hoang MH, Le TS, Nguyen VS. Molecular typing of conjunctivitis-causing adenoviruses in Hanoi, Vietnam from 2017 to 2019 and complete genome analysis of the most prevalent type (HAdV-8). J Med Virol 2020; 92:3100-3110. [PMID: 32266999 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviral conjunctivitis is a common epidemic worldwide. In Vietnam, up to 80,000 patients are infected with adenoviral conjunctivitis annually. However, there are few investigations on the pathogenic adenoviruses that cause conjunctivitis. In total, 120 eye-swab samples were collected from patients with viral conjunctivitis symptoms in Hanoi, Vietnam from 2017 to 2019. Human adenoviruse (HAdV) was detected in 67 samples (55.83%) using polymerase chain reaction amplification of at least one of three HAdV-specific marker genes (hexon, penton, and fiber). Of the 67 HAdV samples, 46 samples could be analyzed by all three marker genes. DNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree building based on the three marker genes from the 46 HAdV samples revealed five different HAdV types associated with conjunctivitis in Hanoi, including HAdV-3 (4.3%), HAdV-4 (2.2%), HAdV-8 (89.1%), HAdV-37 (2.2%), and a potential recombinant type between types HAdV-8 and HAdV-3 (2.2%). This showed that HAdV-8 was the most common type identified in Hanoi. Complete genome analysis of HAdV-8 isolated from a Vietnamese patient (VN2017) using Sanger sequencing revealed 34 unique nucleotide changes, indicating that the adenovirus continuously accumulates new mutations. Hence, continuous surveillance of HAdV-8 changes in Vietnam is necessary in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Vietnam/epidemiology
- Adenoviruses, Human/genetics
- Adenoviruses, Human/classification
- Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification
- Phylogeny
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/virology
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/epidemiology
- Genome, Viral/genetics
- Molecular Typing
- Male
- Conjunctivitis, Viral/virology
- Conjunctivitis, Viral/epidemiology
- Female
- Adult
- Whole Genome Sequencing
- Middle Aged
- Prevalence
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- DNA, Viral/genetics
- Young Adult
- Genotype
- Adolescent
- Child
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Huyen Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Anh Le
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Viet Ha Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Uyen Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thao Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thuy Anh Tran
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quang Hung Nguyen
- Faculty of General Diagnostic, National Hospital of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Tuan Hoang
- Faculty of General Diagnostic, National Hospital of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - My Hanh Hoang
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tho Son Le
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Gene Technology, College of Forestry Biotechnology, Vietnam National Forestry University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Sang Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Center for Life Science, Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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12
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Côrte-Real JV, Lopes AM, Rebelo H, Paulo Lopes J, Amorim F, Pita R, Correia J, Melo P, Beja P, José Esteves P, Abrantes J. Adenovirus emergence in a red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) in Iberian Peninsula. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:2300-2306. [PMID: 32418319 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviruses (AdV) are pathogens capable of infecting animals and humans leading to a wide spectrum of diseases. They have a widespread geographical dissemination and infect several species, including red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris). In the Iberian Peninsula, there are no reports of infection of red squirrels by AdV. In this study, we report for the first time the detection of squirrel AdV in a red squirrel trapped in central Portugal. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequences obtained for the hexon and the penton base genes were similar to the Korean squirrel AdV strain and strongly divergent from the strains present in red squirrels in Europe. These findings indicate the emergence of a new strain circulating in Europe and raise concerns regarding the conservation of the red squirrel.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Vasco Côrte-Real
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Lopes
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,UMIB/UP - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Rebelo
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Lopes
- Parques de Sintra - Monte da Lua S.A., Parque de Monserrate, Sintra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Amorim
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Pita
- MED Institute, University of Évora, Mitra Pole, Évora, Portugal.,Unit of Conservation Biology, Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Évora, Mitra Pole, Évora, Portugal
| | - Jorge Correia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CIISA-Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro Beja
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,EDP Biodiversity Chair, CIBIO/InBio, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Pedro José Esteves
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CITS - Center of Investigation in Health Technologies, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Joana Abrantes
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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13
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Atasheva S, Yao J, Shayakhmetov DM. Innate immunity to adenovirus: lessons from mice. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:3461-3483. [PMID: 31769012 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adenovirus is a highly evolutionary successful pathogen, as it is widely prevalent across the animal kingdom, infecting hosts ranging from lizards and frogs to dolphins, birds, and humans. Although natural adenovirus infections in humans rarely cause severe pathology, intravenous injection of high doses of adenovirus-based vectors triggers rapid activation of the innate immune system, leading to cytokine storm syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombocytopenia, and hepatotoxicity, which individually or in combination may cause morbidity and mortality. Much of the information on exactly how adenovirus activates the innate immune system has been gathered from mouse experimental systems. Intravenous administration of adenovirus to mice revealed mechanistic insights into cellular and molecular components of the innate immunity that detect adenovirus particles, activate pro-inflammatory signaling pathways and cytokine production, sequester adenovirus particles from the bloodstream, and eliminate adenovirus-infected cells. Collectively, this information greatly improved our understanding of mechanisms of activation of innate immunity to adenovirus and may pave the way for designing safer adenovirus-based vectors for therapy of genetic and acquired human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Atasheva
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jia Yao
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dmitry M Shayakhmetov
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Emory Children's Center for Transplantation and Immuno-mediated Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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14
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Wang Z, Zhao J. Pathogenesis of Hypervirulent Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4: The Contributions of Viral and Host Factors. Viruses 2019; 11:v11080741. [PMID: 31408986 PMCID: PMC6723092 DOI: 10.3390/v11080741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 2015, severe outbreaks of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), caused by hypervirulent fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), have emerged in several provinces in China, posing a great threat to poultry industry. So far, factors contributing to the pathogenesis of hypervirulent FAdV-4 have not been fully uncovered. Elucidation of the pathogenesis of FAdV-4 will facilitate the development of effective FAdV-4 vaccine candidates for the control of HHS and vaccine vector. The interaction between pathogen and host defense system determines the pathogenicity of the pathogen. Therefore, the present review highlights the knowledge of both viral and host factors contributing to the pathogenesis of hypervirulent FAdV-4 strains to facilitate the related further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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15
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Ongrádi J, Chatlynne LG, Tarcsai KR, Stercz B, Lakatos B, Pring-Åkerblom P, Gooss D, Nagy K, Ablashi DV. Adenovirus Isolated From a Cat Is Related to Human Adenovirus 1. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1430. [PMID: 31293556 PMCID: PMC6603132 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An adenovirus (AdV) has been isolated from the rectal swab of a domestic cat (Felis catus) and named feline adenovirus (FeAdV) isolate. It replicates and causes cytopathological effects in many human, feline, other mammalian cell lines that have both Coxsackie-adenovirus-receptor and integrins. Its antigens cross-react with anti-human adenovirus antibodies in immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry assays. Electron microscopy revealed typical extracellular icosahedral particles and pseudo arrays inside cells. Sequence analysis of hexon and fiber genes indicates that this virus might belong to human adenovirus (HAdV) C species and might be a variant of type 1. In the fiber protein, three altered amino acids occur in the shaft; four altered residues are found in the knob region as compared to a European HAdV might be type 1 isolate (strain 1038, D11). One alteration affects amino acid 442 forming an RGS motif in an alanine rich region that might be an alternative way to bind integrins with subsequent internalization. Substitutions in the hexon sequence are silent. As compared to published HAdV sequences, the fiber is related to the original American prototype and recently described Taiwanese HAdV 1 isolates, but the hexon sequences are related to adenovirus isolates from France, Germany, Japan, and Taiwan. Serology carried out on FeAdV infected M426 cells indicates a prevalence of IgG in 80% of domestic cats in Delaware, United States. FeAdV isolate seems to be a recently recognized virus with possible pathogenic effects and, simultaneous human and feline infections are possible. Further molecular and biological characterization of this feline adenovirus isolate, as well as studies on both human and feline epidemiology and pathomechanisms, especially in endangered big cats, are warranted. FeAdV might have further practical advantages. Namely, it could be utilized in both human and feline AIDS research, developed into diagnostic tools, and gene therapy vectors in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Ongrádi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,National Institute of Dermato-Venereology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Balázs Stercz
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Donald Gooss
- Selbyville Animal Hospital, Selbyville, DE, United States
| | - Károly Nagy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,National Institute of Dermato-Venereology, Budapest, Hungary
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16
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Abstract
Currently, 88 different Human Adenovirus (HAdV) types are grouped into seven HAdV species A to G. Most types (57) belong to species HAdV-D. Recombination between capsid genes (hexon, penton and fiber) is the main factor contributing to the diversity in species HAdV-D. Noteworthy, species HAdV-C contains so far only five types, although species HAdV-C is highly prevalent and clinically significant in immunosuppressed patients. Therefore, the evolution of species HAdV-C was studied by generating 51 complete genome sequences from circulating strains. Clustering of the whole genome HAdV-C sequences confirmed classical typing results (fifteen HAdV-C1, thirty HAdV-C2, four HAdV-C5, two HAdV-C6). However, two HAdV-C2 strains had a novel penton base sequence and thus were re-labeled as the novel type HAdV-C89. Fiber and early gene region 3 (E3) sequences clustered always with the corresponding prototype sequence but clustering of the E4 region indicated recombination events in 26 out of the 51 sequenced specimens. Recombination of the E1 gene region was detected in 16 circulating strains. As early gene region sequences are not considered in the type definition of HAdVs, evolution of HAdV-C remains on the subtype level. Nonetheless, recombination of the E1 and E4 gene regions may influence the virulence of HAdV-C strains.
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17
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Haddad-Boubaker S, Joffret ML, Pérot P, Bessaud M, Meddeb Z, Touzi H, Delpeyroux F, Triki H, Eloit M. Metagenomic analysis identifies human adenovirus 31 in children with acute flaccid paralysis in Tunisia. Arch Virol 2019; 164:747-755. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-04141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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18
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van Winkel CAJ, Moreno A, Curiel DT. Capsid-Incorporation Strategy To Display Antigens for an Alternative Adenoviral Vector Vaccine Approach. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5446-5453. [PMID: 30359030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The adenovirus (Ad) is widely used as a vaccine because of its ability to induce a cellular and humoral immune response. In addition, human clinical trials have validated the safety and efficacy of Ad as a vaccine vector. The traditional approach for employing the adenovirus as vaccine is to configure the antigen genes into the expression cassette of the Ad genome. An alternative method for inducing an immune response is the "capsid-incorporation" strategy. This strategy is based upon the incorporation of proteins or peptides into the capsid proteins. This review will focus on the established uses of this approach as well as highlighting the new developments regarding the capsid-incorporation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A J van Winkel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States.,Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology , University of Groningen , Groningen 9700 AB , The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Moreno
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
| | - David T Curiel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
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19
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Rajan A, Persson BD, Frängsmyr L, Olofsson A, Sandblad L, Heino J, Takada Y, Mould AP, Schnapp LM, Gall J, Arnberg N. Enteric Species F Human Adenoviruses use Laminin-Binding Integrins as Co-Receptors for Infection of Ht-29 Cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10019. [PMID: 29968781 PMCID: PMC6030200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The enteric species F human adenovirus types 40 and 41 (HAdV-40 and -41) are the third most common cause of infantile gastroenteritis in the world. Knowledge about HAdV-40 and -41 cellular infection is assumed to be fundamentally different from that of other HAdVs since HAdV-40 and -41 penton bases lack the αV-integrin-interacting RGD motif. This motif is used by other HAdVs mainly for internalization and endosomal escape. We hypothesised that the penton bases of HAdV-40 and -41 interact with integrins independently of the RGD motif. HAdV-41 transduction of a library of rodent cells expressing specific human integrin subunits pointed to the use of laminin-binding α2-, α3- and α6-containing integrins as well as other integrins as candidate co-receptors. Specific laminins prevented internalisation and infection, and recombinant, soluble HAdV-41 penton base proteins prevented infection of human intestinal HT-29 cells. Surface plasmon resonance analysis demonstrated that HAdV-40 and -41 penton base proteins bind to α6-containing integrins with an affinity similar to that of previously characterised penton base:integrin interactions. With these results, we propose that laminin-binding integrins are co-receptors for HAdV-40 and -41.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandi Rajan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology/Virology, and, the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - B David Persson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology/Virology, and, the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Frängsmyr
- Department of Clinical Microbiology/Virology, and, the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Linda Sandblad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jyrki Heino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Yoshikazu Takada
- Department of Dermatology, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, California, USA
| | - A Paul Mould
- Biomolecular Analysis Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn M Schnapp
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | - Jason Gall
- Vaccine Research Center (VRC), NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Niklas Arnberg
- Department of Clinical Microbiology/Virology, and, the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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20
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Schiwon M, Ehrke-Schulz E, Oswald A, Bergmann T, Michler T, Protzer U, Ehrhardt A. One-Vector System for Multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9 against Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA Utilizing High-Capacity Adenoviral Vectors. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 12:242-253. [PMID: 30195763 PMCID: PMC6023846 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
High-capacity adenoviral vectors (HCAdVs) devoid of all coding genes are powerful tools to deliver large DNA cargos into cells. Here HCAdVs were designed to deliver a multiplexed complete CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease system or a complete pair of transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) directed against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome. HBV, which remains a serious global health burden, forms covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) as a persistent DNA species in infected cells. This cccDNA promotes the chronic carrier status, and it represents a major hurdle in the treatment of chronic HBV infection. To date, only one study demonstrated viral delivery of a CRISPR/Cas9 system and a single guide RNA (gRNA) directed against HBV by adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors. The advancement of this study is the co-delivery of multiple gRNA expression cassettes along with the Cas9 expression cassette in one HCAdV. Treatment of HBV infection models resulted in a significant reduction of HBV antigen production and the introduction of mutations into the HBV genome. In the transduction experiments, the HBV genome, including the HBV cccDNA, was degraded by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. In contrast, the combination of two parts of a TALEN pair in one vector could not be proven to yield an active system. In conclusion, we successfully delivered the CRISPR/Cas9 system containing three gRNAs using HCAdV, and we demonstrated its antiviral effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Schiwon
- Center of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Eric Ehrke-Schulz
- Center of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Andreas Oswald
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bergmann
- Center of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Thomas Michler
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Ehrhardt
- Center of Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
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21
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Human Adenovirus Type 37 Uses α Vβ 1 and α 3β 1 Integrins for Infection of Human Corneal Cells. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.02019-16. [PMID: 27974569 PMCID: PMC5309963 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02019-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is a severe, contagious ocular disease that affects 20 to 40 million individuals worldwide every year. EKC is mainly caused by six types of human adenovirus (HAdV): HAdV-8, -19, -37, -53, -54, and -56. Of these, HAdV-8, -19, and -37 use sialic acid-containing glycans as cellular receptors. αVβ3, αVβ5, and a few additional integrins facilitate entry and endosomal release of other HAdVs. With the exception of a few biochemical analyses indicating that HAdV-37 can interact physically with αVβ5, little is known about the integrins used by EKC-causing HAdVs. Here, we investigated the overall integrin expression on human corneal cells and found expression of α2, α3, α6, αV, β1, and β4 subunits in human corneal in situ epithelium and/or in a human corneal epithelial (HCE) cell line but no or less accessible expression of α4, α5, β3, or β5. We also identified the integrins used by HAdV-37 through a series of binding and infection competition experiments and different biochemical approaches. Together, our data suggest that HAdV-37 uses αVβ1 and α3β1 integrins for infection of human corneal epithelial cells. Furthermore, to confirm the relevance of these integrins in the HAdV-37 life cycle, we developed a corneal multilayer tissue system and found that HAdV-37 infection correlated well with the patterns of αV, α3, and β1 integrin expression. These results provide further insight into the tropism and pathogenesis of EKC-causing HAdVs and may be of importance for future development of new antiviral drugs. IMPORTANCE Keratitis is a hallmark of EKC, which is caused by six HAdV types (HAdV-8, -19, -37, -53, -54, and -56). HAdV-37 and some other HAdV types interact with integrin αVβ5 in order to enter nonocular human cells. In this study, we found that αVβ5 is not expressed on human corneal epithelial cells, thus proposing other host factors mediate corneal infection. Here, we first characterized integrin expression patterns on corneal tissue and corneal cells. Among the integrins identified, competition binding and infection experiments and biochemical assays pointed out αVβ1 and α3β1 to be of importance for HAdV-37 infection of corneal tissue. In the absence of a good animal model for EKC-causing HAdVs, we also developed an in vitro system with multilayer HCE cells and confirmed the relevance of the suggested integrins during HAdV-37 infection.
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Tischer S, Geyeregger R, Kwoczek J, Heim A, Figueiredo C, Blasczyk R, Maecker-Kolhoff B, Eiz-Vesper B. Discovery of immunodominant T-cell epitopes reveals penton protein as a second immunodominant target in human adenovirus infection. J Transl Med 2016; 14:286. [PMID: 27717382 PMCID: PMC5055684 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human adenovirus (HAdV) infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Efficient antiviral T-cell responses are necessary to clear infection, which is hampered by delayed immune reconstitution and medical immunosuppression after HSCT. Protective immunity may be conferred by adoptive transfer of HAdV-specific T cells. For identification of patients at risk and monitoring of treatment responses diligent assessment of anti-HAdV cellular immune responses is crucial. The HAdV-derived protein hexon has been recognized as a major immunodominant target across HAdV species. We aimed at identifying further targets of protective anti-HAdV immune response and characterizing immunogenic epitopes. Methods Nineteen candidate nonamers from hexon and penton proteins were identified by epitope binding prediction. Peptides were synthesized and tested for in vivo immunogenicity by screening peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers (n = 64) and HAdV-infected stem cell recipients (n = 26) for memory T cells recognizing the candidate epitopes in the context of most common HLA alleles. Results Functional CD8+ T cells recognizing seven epitopes were identified, among them four penton-derived and two hexon-derived peptides. The HLA-A*01-restricted penton-derived peptide STDVASLNY (A01PentonSTDV) and HLA-A*02-restricted hexon-derived peptide TLLYVLFEV (A02HexonTLLY) were recognized by more than half of the persons carrying the respective HLA-type. Conclusions Thus, the HAdV-derived penton protein is a novel major target of the anti-HAdV immune response. Identification of new immunodominant epitopes will facilitate and broaden immune assessment strategies to identify patients suitable for T-cell transfer. Knowledge of additional target structures may increase T-cell recovery in manufacturing processes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-016-1042-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Tischer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - René Geyeregger
- St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Kwoczek
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Albert Heim
- Institute for Virology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Constanca Figueiredo
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Britta Maecker-Kolhoff
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Britta Eiz-Vesper
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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23
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Banerjee A, De P, Manna B, Chawla-Sarkar M. Molecular characterization of enteric adenovirus genotypes 40 and 41 identified in children with acute gastroenteritis in Kolkata, India during 2013-2014. J Med Virol 2016; 89:606-614. [PMID: 27584661 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Human enteric adenovirus (HAdV) belonging to species F is one of the most common pathogens responsible for infantile gastroenteritis worldwide. This study was initiated to estimate prevalence and types of HAdV among children below 5 years of age seeking health care facility for treatment of diarrhea in Kolkata, Eastern India. A total of 1,562 stool specimens were tested during 2013-2014 and among them, 185 (11.8%) were positive for enteric HAdV. Maximum number of positive cases were observed among children between 6 and 12 months of age (13.9%). HAdV infection occurred at a low frequency throughout the year, with an increased incidence in the month of March-July in both the years. Among HAdV positive samples (n = 185), 44.8% showed coinfection with rotavirus. Genotyping based on hypervariable region of hexon and partial shaft region of fiber genes, revealed prevalence of HAdV-40 over HAdV-41 genotype during this study period. Nucleotide sequence analysis of HAdV-40 strains exhibited more than 99% similarity among themselves and 98.5% with the prototype strain Dugan. Sequence analysis of six hypervariable regions (HVRs) of hexon genes from all the HAdV-41 strains revealed co-circulation of both genome type cluster 1(GTC1) and GTC2. The presence of both types of GTCs reflects accumulation of amino acid (aa) mutations in HVR of hexon gene. A recombination event was evident in a subset of HAdV-41 strains where hexon gene belonged to GTC1 whereas, fiber gene clustered with GTC2. Sequence analysis of fiber gene shaft region of HAdV-41 strains revealed 15 aa deletion from the 15th repeat motif. J. Med. Virol. 89:606-614, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Banerjee
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Papiya De
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Byomkesh Manna
- Division of Data Management and Biostatistics, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
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24
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Fedaoui N, Ben Ayed N, Ben Yahia A, Hammami W, Matri L, Nacef L, Triki H. Molecular detection and characterization through analysis of the hexon and fiber genes of Adenoviruses causing conjunctivitis in Tunisia, North Africa. J Med Virol 2016; 89:304-312. [PMID: 27364564 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are common causes of conjunctivitis. This study describes the epidemiological features and characterizes by phylogenetic analysis HAdVs isolated from patients with conjunctivitis in Tunisia, North Africa. Data on out-patients presenting with conjunctivitis during 2 years (2012-2013) were analyzed. Conjunctival swabs obtained from 240 patients were assessed for the presence of HAdVs by PCR amplification on the fiber and hexon genes. Positive PCR products, together with those of nine viral isolates from previous years, were sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. Conjunctivitis represented 11.5% of all reasons of consultations with a slight increase between mid-March and mid-June. Sixty-five percent of samples (n = 156) revealed positive by at least one PCR test. PCR amplification in the hexon gene was slightly more sensitive as compared to the fiber gene. Genotyping in the two genomic regions gave concordant results for almost all isolates. HAdV-D8 was the most predominant genotype (87.6%) and was detected continuously from 2000 to 2013. Minor co-circulating genotypes including HAdV-E4, HAdV-B3, HAdV-B55, and HAdV-D37 were identified; most of them were detected by amplification in the hexon gene. In conclusion, this work reports molecular data on adenoviral conjunctivitis from a region where such information is scarce and contributes to a better knowledge of the worldwide distribution of causative genotypes. It revealed a predominance and endemic circulation of HAdV-D8, a genotype that was mainly reported from epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. It shows that PCR amplification in two different genomic regions enhances the sensitivity of HAdV detection in clinical samples and the identification of minor genotypes. J. Med. Virol. 89:304-312, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Fedaoui
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Ahlem Ben Yahia
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Walid Hammami
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Leila Matri
- Institute of Ophtalmology Hedi Raies, Tunis, Tunisia.,University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Leila Nacef
- Institute of Ophtalmology Hedi Raies, Tunis, Tunisia.,University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Henda Triki
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.,University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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25
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Fedaoui N, Ayed NB, Yahia AB, Hammami W, Touzi H, Triki H. Genetic variability of human adenovirus type 8 causing epidemic and sporadic cases of keratoconjunctivitis. Arch Virol 2016; 161:1469-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-2804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Yan J, Dong J, Wu J, Zhu R, Wang Z, Wang B, Wang L, Wang Z, Zhang H, Wu H, Yu B, Kong W, Yu X. Interaction between hexon and L4-100K determines virus rescue and growth of hexon-chimeric recombinant Ad5 vectors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22464. [PMID: 26934960 PMCID: PMC4776158 DOI: 10.1038/srep22464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) vectors has been shown to be suppressed by neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) directed primarily against hexon hypervariable regions (HVRs). Preexisting immunity can be circumvented by replacing HVRs of rAd5 hexon with those derived from alternate adenovirus serotypes. However, chimeric modification of rAd5 hexon HVRs tends to cause low packaging efficiency or low proliferation of rAd5 vectors, but the related mechanism remains unclear. In this study, several Ad5-based vectors with precise replacement of HVRs with those derived from Ad37 and Ad43 were generated. We first observed that a HVR-exchanged rAd5 vector displayed a higher efficacy of the recombinant virus rescue and growth improvement compared with the rAd5 vector, although most hexon-chimeric rAd5 vectors constructed by us and other groups have proven to be nonviable or growth defective. We therefore evaluated the structural stability of the chimeric hexons and their interactions with the L4-100K chaperone. We showed that the viability of hexon-chimeric Ad5 vectors was not attributed to the structural stability of the chimeric hexon, but rather to the hexon maturation which was assisted by L4-100K. Our results suggested that the intricate interaction between hexon and L4-100K would determine the virus rescue and proliferation efficiency of hexon-chimeric rAd5 vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianing Dong
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Baoming Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lizheng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haihong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hui Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xianghui Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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27
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Dicks MDJ, Spencer AJ, Coughlan L, Bauza K, Gilbert SC, Hill AVS, Cottingham MG. Differential immunogenicity between HAdV-5 and chimpanzee adenovirus vector ChAdOx1 is independent of fiber and penton RGD loop sequences in mice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16756. [PMID: 26576856 PMCID: PMC4649739 DOI: 10.1038/srep16756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Replication defective adenoviruses are promising vectors for the delivery of vaccine antigens. However, the potential of a vector to elicit transgene-specific adaptive immune responses is largely dependent on the viral serotype used. HAdV-5 (Human adenovirus C) vectors are more immunogenic than chimpanzee adenovirus vectors from species Human adenovirus E (ChAdOx1 and AdC68) in mice, though the mechanisms responsible for these differences in immunogenicity remain poorly understood. In this study, superior immunogenicity was associated with markedly higher levels of transgene expression in vivo, particularly within draining lymph nodes. To investigate the viral factors contributing to these phenotypes, we generated recombinant ChAdOx1 vectors by exchanging components of the viral capsid reported to be principally involved in cell entry with the corresponding sequences from HAdV-5. Remarkably, pseudotyping with the HAdV-5 fiber and/or penton RGD loop had little to no effect on in vivo transgene expression or transgene-specific adaptive immune responses despite considerable species-specific sequence heterogeneity in these components. Our results suggest that mechanisms governing vector transduction after intramuscular administration in mice may be different from those described in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D J Dicks
- Jenner Institute, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Alexandra J Spencer
- Jenner Institute, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Lynda Coughlan
- Jenner Institute, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Karolis Bauza
- Jenner Institute, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sarah C Gilbert
- Jenner Institute, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Adrian V S Hill
- Jenner Institute, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Matthew G Cottingham
- Jenner Institute, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
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28
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Alkhalaf MA, Guiver M, Cooper RJ. Genome stability of adenovirus types 3 and 7 during a simultaneous outbreak in Greater Manchester, UK. J Med Virol 2014; 87:117-24. [PMID: 24801279 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A total of 96 isolates of species B adenovirus collected in Greater Manchester, UK and typed previously by serum neutralization were analyzed in five genome regions. Of these, 62 isolates were HAdV-B3 and HAdV-B7 collected during a simultaneous 15 months outbreak. The rest of the isolates were HAdV-B types 3 and 7 and other species B adenovirus types collected in different years following the outbreak. The phylogenetic analysis results of all the isolates in the structural regions hexon L2, penton, and fiber knob were found to be consistent and no mismatches were observed. Most of the isolates in the DNA polymerase and E1A regions had the same clustering patterns as the structural regions. However, one HAdV-B7 and one HAdV-B11 isolate changed their clustering patterns in the DNA polymerase region. In addition, HAdV-B16 isolates changed their clustering patterns in both DNA polymerase and E1A regions. The changes of the clustering patterns of some isolates is more likely related to natural variations rather than recombination which indicate that species B adenovirus genome is stable even when different types are circulating in a limited geographical area simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Alissa Alkhalaf
- Virology Unit, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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29
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Ghebremedhin B. Human adenovirus: Viral pathogen with increasing importance. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2014; 4:26-33. [PMID: 24678403 DOI: 10.1556/eujmi.4.2014.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to describe the biology of human adenovirus (HAdV), the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and to present a practical update on its diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis. There are two well-defined adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis clinical syndromes: epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) and pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF), which are caused by different HAdV serotypes. The exact incidence of adenoviral conjunctivitis is still poorly known. However, cases are more frequent during warmer months. The virus is endemic in the general population, and frequently causes severe disease in immunocompromised patients, especially the pediatric patients. Contagion is possible through direct contact or fomites, and the virus is extremely resistant to different physical and chemical agents. The clinical signs or symptoms of conjunctival infection are similar to any other conjunctivitis, with a higher incidence of pseudomembranes. In the cornea, adenoviral infection may lead to keratitis nummularis. Diagnosis is mainly clinical, but its etiology can be confirmed using cell cultures, antigen detection, polymerase chain reaction or immunochromatography. Multiple treatments have been tried for this disease, but none of them seem to be completely effective. Prevention is the most reliable and recommended strategy to control this contagious infection.
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30
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Stercz B, Perlstadt H, Nagy K, Ongrádi J. Immunochemistry of adenoviruses: limitations and new horizons of gene therapy. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2013; 60:447-59. [PMID: 24292088 DOI: 10.1556/amicr.60.2013.4.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviruses have increasingly been recognized as significant viral pathogens causing high morbidity and mortality especially among immunocompromised individuals such as transplant recipients and AIDS patients. Through the infection process, after the adenovirus fiber and penton are bonded to cell surface receptors through special amino acid moieties, secondary messengers activate protein kinases, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Serotype and species specific antibodies also are induced. Recombinant human adenoviruses have been pivotal in the development of gene therapy strategies and have shown a great promise for the treatment of genetic disorders and malignancies. Recent studies have enlightened their harmful immunological effects dependent on fiber and hexon polypeptide structure and receptor binding. Pre-existing antibodies or those elicited by vectors neutralize input recombinant adenovirus particles rendering them ineffective. Mediators induce serious even lethal side effects and cytotoxic reactions which extinguish transgene expression. To overcome these difficulties new strategies are required in the application of recombinant adenoviruses to redirect vector entry from the natural receptors to alternative binding sites or using rare human or animal adenovirus fiber molecules to modify the native fiber structure by altering amino acid structure and creating chimeric fibers. This requires searching for, isolating and characterizing new serotypes, mutants or variants for new generation vectors. Human adenovirus 1 feline isolate (feline adenovirus) might fulfil these criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Stercz
- Semmelweis University Department of Medical Microbiology Budapest Hungary
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31
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Robinson CM, Singh G, Lee JY, Dehghan S, Rajaiya J, Liu EB, Yousuf MA, Betensky RA, Jones MS, Dyer DW, Seto D, Chodosh J. Molecular evolution of human adenoviruses. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1812. [PMID: 23657240 PMCID: PMC3648800 DOI: 10.1038/srep01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of highly virulent human adenoviruses (HAdVs) with new tissue tropisms underscores the need to determine their ontogeny. Here we report complete high quality genome sequences and analyses for all the previously unsequenced HAdV serotypes (n = 20) within HAdV species D. Analysis of nucleotide sequence variability for these in conjunction with another 40 HAdV prototypes, comprising all seven HAdV species, confirmed the uniquely hypervariable regions within species. The mutation rate among HAdV-Ds was low when compared to other HAdV species. Homologous recombination was identified in at least two of five examined hypervariable regions for every virus, suggesting the evolution of HAdV-Ds has been highly dependent on homologous recombination. Patterns of alternating GC and AT rich motifs correlated well with hypervariable region recombination sites across the HAdV-D genomes, suggesting foci of DNA instability lead to formulaic patterns of homologous recombination and confer agility to adenovirus evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Robinson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jeong Yoon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Shoaleh Dehghan
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
- Chemistry Department, American University, Washington, DC 20016 USA
| | - Jaya Rajaiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Elizabeth B. Liu
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Mohammad A. Yousuf
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Betensky
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Morris S. Jones
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92136, USA
| | - David W. Dyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Donald Seto
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - James Chodosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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32
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Al Qurashi YMA, Alkhalaf MA, Lim L, Guiver M, Cooper RJ. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the hexon, fiber, and penton regions of adenoviruses isolated from AIDS patients. J Med Virol 2012; 84:1157-65. [PMID: 22711343 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the hexon, fiber, and penton regions of adenoviruses isolated between 1986 and 1997 from AIDS patients has been performed. Sequencing the L2 part of the hexon gene of 51 adenoviruses isolated between 1986 and 1997 from AIDS patients revealed only one type each from species A and C and two types from species B with all the remaining isolates from species D. Further sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the fiber knob region of these species D adenoviruses revealed that 28/46 were intermediate strains with conflicting hexon and fiber sequences. When the penton regions of these intermediate strains were sequenced, it became clear that some had originated from a third adenovirus type presumably by intergene recombination events. Evidence from sequencing the L1 hexon and fiber shaft regions showed no evidence of intragene recombination but penton sequences showed that recombination between the hypervariable region (HVR) and RGD regions was common. Six isolates appear to be from three new adenovirus types. Five AIDS patients showed sequential infection with different adenovirus variants and six such variants were isolated from a single patient in 2 years.
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Robinson CM, Seto D, Jones MS, Dyer DW, Chodosh J. Molecular evolution of human species D adenoviruses. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2011; 11:1208-17. [PMID: 21570490 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviruses are medium-sized double stranded DNA viruses that infect vertebrates. Human adenoviruses cause an array of diseases. Currently there are 56 human adenovirus types recognized and characterized within seven species (A-G). Of those types, a majority belongs to species D. In this review, the genomic conservation and diversity are examined among human adenoviruses within species D, particularly in contrast to other human adenovirus species. Specifically, homologous recombination is presented as a driving force for the molecular evolution of human adenoviruses and the emergence of new adenovirus pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Robinson
- Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA. USA
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Applying genomic and bioinformatic resources to human adenovirus genomes for use in vaccine development and for applications in vector development for gene delivery. Viruses 2010; 2:1-26. [PMID: 21994597 PMCID: PMC3185558 DOI: 10.3390/v2010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 12/05/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Technological advances and increasingly cost-effect methodologies in DNA sequencing and computational analysis are providing genome and proteome data for human adenovirus research. Applying these tools, data and derived knowledge to the development of vaccines against these pathogens will provide effective prophylactics. The same data and approaches can be applied to vector development for gene delivery in gene therapy and vaccine delivery protocols. Examination of several field strain genomes and their analyses provide examples of data that are available using these approaches. An example of the development of HAdV-B3 both as a vaccine and also as a vector is presented.
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Darr S, Madisch I, Hofmayer S, Rehren F, Heim A. Phylogeny and primary structure analysis of fiber shafts of all human adenovirus types for rational design of adenoviral gene-therapy vectors. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:2849-2854. [PMID: 19656960 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.014514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The fiber shaft of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) is essential for bringing the penton base into proximity to the secondary cellular receptor. Fiber shaft sequences of all 53 HAdV types were studied. Phylogeny of the fiber shaft revealed clustering corresponding to the HAdV species concept. An intraspecies recombination hot spot was found at the shaft/knob boundary, a highly conserved sequence stretch. For example, HAdV-D20 clustered with HAdV-D23 in the fiber shaft, but with HAdV-D47 in the fiber knob. Although all shafts exhibited the typical pseudorepeats, amino acid sequence identity was found to be as high as 92 % (interspecies) and 54 % (intraspecies). In contrast to a previous study, a flexibility motif (KXGGLXFD/N) was found in eight HAdV-D types, whereas the putative heparan sulfate-binding site (KKTK) was only found in species HAdV-C. Our results suggest that pseudotyping of gene-therapy vectors at the shaft/knob boundary is feasible, but that flexibility data of shafts should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Darr
- Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ijad Madisch
- Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sören Hofmayer
- Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabienne Rehren
- Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Albert Heim
- Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
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Computational analysis of human adenovirus type 22 provides evidence for recombination among species D human adenoviruses in the penton base gene. J Virol 2009; 83:8980-5. [PMID: 19553309 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00786-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombination in human adenoviruses (HAdV) may confer virulence upon an otherwise nonvirulent strain. The genome sequence of species D HAdV type 22 (HAdV-D22) revealed evidence for recombination with HAdV-D19 and HAdV-D37 within the capsid penton base gene. Bootscan analysis demonstrated that recombination sites within the penton base gene frame the coding sequences for the two external hypervariable loops in the protein. A similar pattern of recombination was evident within other HAdV-D types but not other HAdV species. Further study of recombination among HAdVs is needed to better predict possible recombination events among wild-type viruses and adenoviral gene therapy vectors.
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Kaneko H, Iida T, Ishiko H, Ohguchi T, Ariga T, Tagawa Y, Aoki K, Ohno S, Suzutani T. Analysis of the complete genome sequence of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis-related human adenovirus type 8, 19, 37 and a novel serotype. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:1471-1476. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.009225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the complete genome sequence of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC)-related human adenoviruses (HAdVs). We analysed a total of 12 HAdV strains; three prototype strains and two HAdV-8, three HAdV-19 and three HAdV-37 clinical isolates from EKC patients in Japan, and one novel serotype of HAdV. Genome organization of these serotypes was identical to those of the recently determined HAdV-19 and HAdV-37. The identities of the whole genome were over 99 % among strains from the same serotype, except for HAdV-19p, which is not associated with conjunctivitis, resulting in the formation of a distinct cluster in the phylogenetic analysis. The penton, loop 1 and loop 2 of hexon, early region 3 (E3) and fiber were hypervariable regions between serotypes. Results suggest that the HAdV-19 clinical strain is a recombinant of HAdV-19p-like and HAdV-37-like strains, and that the acquisition of the penton, E3 or fiber may be related to ocular tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisatoshi Kaneko
- Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishiko
- Host Defense Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshihide Ariga
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Tagawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koki Aoki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Ohno
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Suzutani
- Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Abstract
Adenoviruses have been studied intensively for over 50 years as models of virus-cell interactions and latterly as gene vectors. With the advent of more sophisticated structural analysis techniques the disposition of most of the 13 structural proteins have been defined to a reasonable level. This review seeks to describe the functional properties of these proteins and shows that they all have a part to play in deciding the outcome of an infection and act at every level of the virus's path through the host cell. They are primarily involved in the induction of the different arms of the immune system and a better understanding of their overall properties should lead to more effective ways of combating virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Russell
- School of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Building, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.
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Robinson CM, Shariati F, Zaitshik J, Gillaspy AF, Dyer DW, Chodosh J. Human adenovirus type 19: genomic and bioinformatics analysis of a keratoconjunctivitis isolate. Virus Res 2008; 139:122-6. [PMID: 19000724 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 10/04/2008] [Accepted: 10/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus type 19 (HAdV-19) is a major etiologic agent of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), a common and severe eye infection associated with long-term visual morbidity due to persistent corneal inflammation. Ironically, while the prototype strain of HAdV-19 does not cause eye infections, other isolates of the serotype have caused major outbreaks of EKC. Here we have sequenced a clinical isolate of HAdV-19 (HAdV-19 strain C) from a human patient with EKC. Global pairwise alignment of HAdV-19C to other HAdV species D serotypes identified areas of sequence divergence in the penton base (host cell internalization signal), hexon (principal viral capsid structural protein), E3 (site of immunomodulatory genes), and fiber (host cell-binding ligand) regions. Comparison of HAdV-19 strain C to the recently sequenced HAdV-37, another EKC causing serotype, identified sequence diversity in the penton base and hexon, but sequence conservation in the E3 and fiber regions. Elucidation of the HAdV-19C genome will facilitate future studies into the pathogenesis of EKC, and may shed light on the genetic determinants of corneal tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Robinson
- The Molecular Pathogenesis of Eye Infection Research Center, Dean A. McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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El Bakkouri M, Seiradake E, Cusack S, Ruigrok RW, Schoehn G. Structure of the C-terminal head domain of the fowl adenovirus type 1 short fibre. Virology 2008; 378:169-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2008.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2008] [Revised: 05/01/2008] [Accepted: 05/14/2008] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Human adenovirus type 52: a type 41 in disguise? J Virol 2008; 82:3809; author reply 3809-10. [PMID: 18334604 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02457-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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