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Suwankitwat N, Deemagarn T, Bhakha K, Songkasupa T, Vitoonpong R, Trakunjaroonkit P, Rodphol S, Nuansrichay B, Chintapitaksakul L, Wongsarattanasin K, Kwon OK, Kang HE, Shin YK. Complete Genomic Characterization of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Isolates from Beef Cattle in Lopburi Province, Central Thailand, during 2021-2022. Vet Sci 2023; 11:10. [PMID: 38250916 PMCID: PMC10818611 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infection that impacts the cattle industry. The most efficient approach to prevent disease involves the utilization of live-attenuated LSD vaccines (LAVs), which stands out as the most successful method. However, LAVs might be subjected to changes to their genomes during replication that increase viral infectivity or virulence. The objective of this study was to monitor alterations in the genetic characteristics of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) in beef cattle following the administration of LAVs in Lopburi Province of Central Thailand. A total of four skin samples from LSD cases were collected from non-vaccinated animals that exhibited LSD clinical symptoms from two distinct districts, spanning three subdistricts within the region. The samples of cattle were analyzed using real-time PCR targeting the LSDV074 p32 gene, the virus was isolated, and the entire genome sequences were evaluated through a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analysis, and phylogenetic trees were assembled. The investigations revealed that LSDVs from two isolates from Chai Badan district exhibited significant mutations in the open reading frame (ORF) 023 putative protein, while another two isolates from Lam Sonthi district had a change in the untranslated region (UTR). For a result, the most proficient disease diagnosis and control should be evaluated on viral genetics on a regular basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutthakarn Suwankitwat
- National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.D.); (K.B.); (T.S.); (R.V.); (P.T.); (S.R.); (B.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Taweewat Deemagarn
- National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.D.); (K.B.); (T.S.); (R.V.); (P.T.); (S.R.); (B.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Kultyarat Bhakha
- National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.D.); (K.B.); (T.S.); (R.V.); (P.T.); (S.R.); (B.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Tapanut Songkasupa
- National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.D.); (K.B.); (T.S.); (R.V.); (P.T.); (S.R.); (B.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Ratchaneekorn Vitoonpong
- National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.D.); (K.B.); (T.S.); (R.V.); (P.T.); (S.R.); (B.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Pannaporn Trakunjaroonkit
- National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.D.); (K.B.); (T.S.); (R.V.); (P.T.); (S.R.); (B.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Sureenipa Rodphol
- National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.D.); (K.B.); (T.S.); (R.V.); (P.T.); (S.R.); (B.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Bandit Nuansrichay
- National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.D.); (K.B.); (T.S.); (R.V.); (P.T.); (S.R.); (B.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Lerdchai Chintapitaksakul
- National Institute of Animal Health, Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (T.D.); (K.B.); (T.S.); (R.V.); (P.T.); (S.R.); (B.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Khanin Wongsarattanasin
- Animal Health Development Group, Lopburi Provincial Livestock Office, Department of Livestock Development, Lopburi 15000, Thailand;
| | - Oh-Kyu Kwon
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (O.-K.K.); (H.-E.K.)
| | - Hae-Eun Kang
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (O.-K.K.); (H.-E.K.)
| | - Yeun-Kyung Shin
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (O.-K.K.); (H.-E.K.)
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Vilela J, Rohaim MA, Munir M. Avian Orthoavulavirus Type-1 as Vaccine Vector against Respiratory Viral Pathogens in Animal and Human. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:259. [PMID: 35214716 PMCID: PMC8876055 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian orthoavulaviruses type-1 (AOaV-1) have recently transitioned from animal vaccine vector to a bona fide vaccine delivery vehicle in human. Owing to induction of robust innate and adaptive immune responses in mucus membranes in both birds and mammals, AOaVs offer an attractive vaccine against respiratory pathogens. The unique features of AOaVs include over 50 years of safety profile, stable expression of foreign genes, high infectivity rates in avian and mammalian hosts, broad host spectrum, limited possibility of recombination and lack of pre-existing immunity in humans. Additionally, AOaVs vectors allow the production of economical and high quantities of vaccine antigen in chicken embryonated eggs and several GMP-grade mammalian cell lines. In this review, we describe the biology of AOaVs and define protocols to manipulate AOaVs genomes in effectively designing vaccine vectors. We highlighted the potential and established portfolio of AOaV-based vaccines for multiple respiratory and non-respiratory viruses of veterinary and medical importance. We comment on the limitations of AOaV-based vaccines and propose mitigations strategies. The exploitation of AOaVs vectors is expanding at an exciting pace; thus, we have limited the scope to their use as vaccines against viral pathogens in both animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne Vilela
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; (J.V.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Mohammed A. Rohaim
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; (J.V.); (M.A.R.)
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Munir
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; (J.V.); (M.A.R.)
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Hu Z, Ni J, Cao Y, Liu X. Newcastle Disease Virus as a Vaccine Vector for 20 Years: A Focus on Maternally Derived Antibody Interference. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020222. [PMID: 32422944 PMCID: PMC7349365 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been 20 years since Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was first used as a vector. The past two decades have witnessed remarkable progress in vaccine generation based on the NDV vector and optimization of the vector. Protective antigens of a variety of pathogens have been expressed in the NDV vector to generate novel vaccines for animals and humans, highlighting a great potential of NDV as a vaccine vector. More importantly, the research work also unveils a major problem restraining the NDV vector vaccines in poultry, i.e., the interference from maternally derived antibody (MDA). Although many efforts have been taken to overcome MDA interference, a lack of understanding of the mechanism of vaccination inhibition by MDA in poultry still hinders vaccine improvement. In this review, we outline the history of NDV as a vaccine vector by highlighting some milestones. The recent advances in the development of NDV-vectored vaccines or therapeutics for animals and humans are discussed. Particularly, we focus on the mechanisms and hypotheses of vaccination inhibition by MDA and the efforts to circumvent MDA interference with the NDV vector vaccines. Perspectives to fill the gap of understanding concerning the mechanism of MDA interference in poultry and to improve the NDV vector vaccines are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenglei Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jie Ni
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yongzhong Cao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Sprygin A, Babin Y, Pestova Y, Kononova S, Wallace DB, Van Schalkwyk A, Byadovskaya O, Diev V, Lozovoy D, Kononov A. Analysis and insights into recombination signals in lumpy skin disease virus recovered in the field. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207480. [PMID: 30540759 PMCID: PMC6291113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wide spread incidences of vaccine-like strains of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) have recently been reported in a Russian region with a neighboring country that actively vaccinate with a live attenuated LSD vaccine. The use of live-attenuated viruses (LAVs) as vaccines during an active outbreak, creates potential ground for coinfection of hosts and emergence of a strain combining genetic fragments of both parental vaccine and field strains. In this study, we analyse the vaccine-like strain LSDV RUSSIA/Saratov/2017 detected in Saratovskaya oblast, a region sharing border with Kazakhstan. To gain insight into possible recombination signals, a full-genome next-generation sequencing of the viral genome was performed using the Illumina platform. The genome contains the backbone of a live-attenuated vaccine with a patchwork of wild-type field virus DNA fragments located throughout. A total of 27 recombination events were identified. The average distance between the recombination sites was 3400 base pairs (bp). The impact of the recombination events on the virulence and transmission capacity of the identified virus remains to be clarified. These findings provide evidence for the first time of genetic exchanges between closely related strains of capripoxviruses in the field and a vaccine strain, and prompt a revisiting of the vaccination issue for a safe and efficacious prevention and control strategy of LSD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yurii Babin
- Federal Budget Institution of Science "Central Research Institute of Epidemiology”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yana Pestova
- Federal Center for Animal Health, Vladimir, Russia
| | | | - David B. Wallace
- ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research institute, Onderstepoort, South Africa
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
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Unique safety issues associated with virus-vectored vaccines: Potential for and theoretical consequences of recombination with wild type virus strains. Vaccine 2016; 34:6610-6616. [PMID: 27346303 PMCID: PMC5204448 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In 2003 and 2013, the World Health Organization convened informal consultations on characterization and quality aspects of vaccines based on live virus vectors. In the resulting reports, one of several issues raised for future study was the potential for recombination of virus-vectored vaccines with wild type pathogenic virus strains. This paper presents an assessment of this issue formulated by the Brighton Collaboration. To provide an appropriate context for understanding the potential for recombination of virus-vectored vaccines, we review briefly the current status of virus-vectored vaccines, mechanisms of recombination between viruses, experience with recombination involving live attenuated vaccines in the field, and concerns raised previously in the literature regarding recombination of virus-vectored vaccines with wild type virus strains. We then present a discussion of the major variables that could influence recombination between a virus-vectored vaccine and circulating wild type virus and the consequences of such recombination, including intrinsic recombination properties of the parent virus used as a vector; sequence relatedness of vector and wild virus; virus host range, pathogenesis and transmission; replication competency of vector in target host; mechanism of vector attenuation; additional factors potentially affecting virulence; and circulation of multiple recombinant vectors in the same target population. Finally, we present some guiding principles for vector design and testing intended to anticipate and mitigate the potential for and consequences of recombination of virus-vectored vaccines with wild type pathogenic virus strains.
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Lee DH, Park JK, Kwon JH, Yuk SS, Erdene-Ochir TO, Jang YH, Seong BL, Lee JB, Park SY, Choi IS, Song CS. Efficacy of single dose of a bivalent vaccine containing inactivated Newcastle disease virus and reassortant highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus against lethal HPAI and NDV infection in chickens. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58186. [PMID: 23469269 PMCID: PMC3585801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and Newcastle disease (ND) are 2 devastating diseases of poultry, which cause great economic losses to the poultry industry. In the present study, we developed a bivalent vaccine containing antigens of inactivated ND and reassortant HPAI H5N1 viruses as a candidate poultry vaccine, and we evaluated its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in specific pathogen-free chickens. The 6∶2 reassortant H5N1 vaccine strain containing the surface genes of the A/Chicken/Korea/ES/2003(H5N1) virus was successfully generated by reverse genetics. A polybasic cleavage site of the hemagglutinin segment was replaced by a monobasic cleavage site. We characterized the reverse genetics-derived reassortant HPAI H5N1 clade 2.5 vaccine strain by evaluating its growth kinetics in eggs, minimum effective dose in chickens, and cross-clade immunogenicity against HPAI clade 1 and 2. The bivalent vaccine was prepared by emulsifying inactivated ND (La Sota strain) and reassortant HPAI viruses with Montanide ISA 70 adjuvant. A single immunization with this vaccine induced high levels of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titers and protected chickens against a lethal challenge with the wild-type HPAI and ND viruses. Our results demonstrate that the bivalent, inactivated vaccine developed in this study is a promising approach for the control of both HPAI H5N1 and ND viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hun Lee
- Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Keun Park
- Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Kwon
- Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Su Yuk
- Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tseren-Ochir Erdene-Ochir
- Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo-Han Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Baik-Lin Seong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Bok Lee
- Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Park
- Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Choi
- Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Song
- Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Geus EDD, Rebel JM, Vervelde L. Induction of respiratory immune responses in the chicken; implications for development of mucosal avian influenza virus vaccines. Vet Q 2012; 32:75-86. [DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2012.711956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Homologous recombination in negative sense RNA viruses. Viruses 2011; 3:1358-73. [PMID: 21994784 PMCID: PMC3185808 DOI: 10.3390/v3081358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombination is an important process that influences biological evolution at many different levels. More and more homologous recombination events have been reported among negative sense RNA viruses recently. While sporadic authentic examples indicate that homologous recombination does occur, recombination seems to be generally rare or even absent in most negative sense RNA viruses, and most of the homologous recombination events reported in the literature were likely generated artificially due to lab contamination or inappropriate bioinformatics methods. Homologous recombination in negative sense RNA viruses should be reported with caution in the future, and only after stringent quality control efforts. Moreover, co-infection experiments should be performed to confirm whether recombination can occur.
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Pandey A, Singh N, Sambhara S, Mittal SK. Egg-independent vaccine strategies for highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza viruses. HUMAN VACCINES 2010; 6:178-88. [PMID: 19875936 PMCID: PMC2888842 DOI: 10.4161/hv.6.2.9899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of a highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in Hong Kong in 1997 and the subsequent appearance of other H5N1 strains and their spread to several countries in southeast Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Europe has evoked fear of a global influenza pandemic. Vaccines offer the best hope to combat the threat of an influenza pandemic. However, the global demand for a pandemic vaccine cannot be fulfilled by the current egg-based vaccine manufacturing strategies, thus creating a need to explore alternative technologies for vaccine production and delivery. Several egg-independent vaccine approaches such as cell culture-derived whole virus or subvirion vaccines, recombinant protein-based vaccines, virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines, DNA vaccines and viral vector-based vaccines are currently being investigated and appear promising both in preclinical and clinical studies. The present review will highlight the various egg-independent alternative vaccine approaches for pandemic influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Suresh K. Mittal
- Correspondence: Suresh K. Mittal, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA, Tel: 765-496-2894, Fax: 765-494-9830, , Suryaprakash Sambhara, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA, Tel: 404-639-3800, Fax: 404-639-5180,
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What are the risks--hypothetical and observed--of recombination involving live vaccines and vaccine vectors based on nonsegmented negative-strain RNA viruses? J Virol 2008; 82:9805-6. [PMID: 18796655 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01336-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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