1
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Kang H, Martinez MR, Aves KL, Okholm AK, Wan H, Chabot S, Malik T, Sander AF, Daniels R. Capsid virus-like particle display improves recombinant influenza neuraminidase antigen stability and immunogenicity in mice. iScience 2024; 27:110038. [PMID: 38883830 PMCID: PMC11179578 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Supplementing influenza vaccines with additional protective antigens such as neuraminidase (NA) is a promising strategy for increasing the breadth of the immune response. Here, we improved the immunogenicity and stability of secreted recombinant NA (rNA) tetramers by covalently conjugating them onto the surface of AP205 capsid virus-like particles (cVLPs) using a Tag/Catcher ligation system. cVLP display increased the induction of IgG2a subclass anti-NA antibodies, which exhibited cross-reactivity with an antigenically distant homologous NA. It also reduced the single dose rNA amounts needed for protection against viral challenge in mice, demonstrating a dose-sparing effect. Moreover, effective cVLP-display was achieved across different NA subtypes, even when the conjugation was performed shortly before administration. Notably, the rNA-cVLP immunogenicity was retained upon mixing or co-administering with commercial vaccines. These results highlight the potential of this approach for bolstering the protective immune responses elicited by influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeog Kang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Mira Rakic Martinez
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Kara-Lee Aves
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Kathrine Okholm
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hongquan Wan
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Sylvie Chabot
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Tahir Malik
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Adam F Sander
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- AdaptVac, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert Daniels
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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2
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Pascha MN, Ballegeer M, Roelofs MC, Meuris L, Albulescu IC, van Kuppeveld FJM, Hurdiss DL, Bosch BJ, Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Saelens X, de Haan CAM. Nanoparticle display of neuraminidase elicits enhanced antibody responses and protection against influenza A virus challenge. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:97. [PMID: 38821988 PMCID: PMC11143307 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Current Influenza virus vaccines primarily induce antibody responses against variable epitopes in hemagglutinin (HA), necessitating frequent updates. However, antibodies against neuraminidase (NA) can also confer protection against influenza, making NA an attractive target for the development of novel vaccines. In this study, we aimed to enhance the immunogenicity of recombinant NA antigens by presenting them multivalently on a nanoparticle carrier. Soluble tetrameric NA antigens of the N1 and N2 subtypes, confirmed to be correctly folded by cryo-electron microscopy structural analysis, were conjugated to Mi3 self-assembling protein nanoparticles using the SpyTag-SpyCatcher system. Immunization of mice with NA-Mi3 nanoparticles induced higher titers of NA-binding and -inhibiting antibodies and improved protection against a lethal challenge compared to unconjugated NA. Additionally, we explored the co-presentation of N1 and N2 antigens on the same Mi3 particles to create a mosaic vaccine candidate. These mosaic nanoparticles elicited antibody titers that were similar or superior to the homotypic nanoparticles and effectively protected against H1N1 and H3N2 challenge viruses. The NA-Mi3 nanoparticles represent a promising vaccine candidate that could complement HA-directed approaches for enhanced potency and broadened protection against influenza A virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Pascha
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Ballegeer
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M C Roelofs
- Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L Meuris
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - I C Albulescu
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F J M van Kuppeveld
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D L Hurdiss
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B J Bosch
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - T Zeev-Ben-Mordehai
- Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - X Saelens
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - C A M de Haan
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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3
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Kang H, Malik T, Daniels R. Isolation by multistep chromatography improves the consistency of secreted recombinant influenza neuraminidase antigens. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1232:123975. [PMID: 38141291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant protein-based approaches are ideally suited for producing vaccine antigens that are not overly abundant in viruses, such as influenza neuraminidase (NA). However, obtaining sufficient quantities of recombinant viral surface antigens remains challenging, often resulting in the use of chimeric proteins with affinity tags that can invariably impact the antigen's properties. Here, we developed multistep chromatography approaches for purifying secreted recombinant NA (rNA) antigens that are derived from recent H1N1 and H3N2 viruses and produced using insect cells. Analytical analyses showed that these isolation procedures yielded homogenous tetrameric rNA preparations with consistent specific activities that were not possible from a common immobilized metal affinity chromatography purification procedure. The use of classical chromatography improved the rNA tetramer homogeneity by removing the requirement of the N-terminal poly-histidine affinity tag that was shown to promote higher order rNA oligomer formation. In addition, these procedures reduced the specific activity variation by eliminating the exposure to Ni2+ ions and imidazole, with the latter showing pH and NA subtype dependent effects. Together, these results demonstrate that purification by multistep chromatography improves the homogeneity of secreted rNAs and eliminates the need for affinity tag-based approaches that can potentially alter the properties of these recombinant antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeog Kang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Tahir Malik
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Robert Daniels
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
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4
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Zhang X, Ross TM. Anti-neuraminidase immunity in the combat against influenza. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:474-484. [PMID: 38632930 PMCID: PMC11157429 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2343689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anti-neuraminidase (NA) immunity correlates with the protection against influenza virus infection in both human and animal models. The aim of this review is to better understand the mechanism of anti-NA immunity, and also to evaluate the approaches on developing NA-based influenza vaccines or enhancing immune responses against NA for current influenza vaccines. AREAS COVERED In this review, the structure of influenza neuraminidase, the contribution of anti-NA immunity to protection, as well as the efforts and challenges of targeting the immune responses to NA were discussed. We also listed some of the newly discovered anti-NA monoclonal antibodies and discussed their contribution in therapeutic as well as the antigen design of a broadly protective NA vaccine. EXPERT OPINION Targeting the immune response to both HA and NA may be critical for achieving the optimal protection since there are different mechanisms of HA and NA elicited protective immunity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target the conserved protective lateral face or catalytic sites are effective therapeutics. The epitope discovery using monoclonal antibodies may benefit NA-based vaccine elicited broadly reactive antibody responses. Therefore, the potential for a vaccine that elicits cross-reactive antibodies against neuraminidase is a high priority for next-generation influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Zhang
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ted M. Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA
- Department of Infection Biology, Lehner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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5
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Martinez MR, Gao J, Wan H, Kang H, Klenow L, Daniels R. Inactivated influenza virions are a flexible vaccine platform for eliciting protective antibody responses against neuraminidase. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)00629-1. [PMID: 37301705 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Most seasonal influenza vaccines are produced using hemagglutinin (HA) surface antigens from inactivated virions. However, virions are thought to be a suboptimal source for the less abundant neuraminidase (NA) surface antigen, which is also protective against severe disease. Here, we demonstrate that inactivated influenza virions are compatible with two modern approaches for improving protective antibody responses against NA. Using a DBA/2J mouse model, we show that the strong infection-induced NA inhibitory (NAI) antibody responses are only achieved by high dose immunizations of inactivated virions, likely due to the low viral NA content. Based on this observation, we first produced virions with higher NA content by using reverse genetics to exchange the viral internal gene segments. Single immunizations with these inactivated virions showed enhanced NAI antibody responses and improved NA-based protection from a lethal viral challenge while also allowing for the development of natural immunity to the heterotypic challenge virus HA. Second, we combined inactivated virions with recombinant NA protein antigens. These combination vaccines increased NA-based protection following viral challenge and elicited stronger antibody responses against NA than either component alone, especially when the NAs possessed similar antigenicity. Together, these results indicate that inactivated virions are a flexible platform that can be easily combined with protein-based vaccines to improve protective antibody responses against influenza antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Rakic Martinez
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Jin Gao
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Hongquan Wan
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Hyeog Kang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Laura Klenow
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Robert Daniels
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
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6
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Klenow L, Elfageih R, Gao J, Wan H, Withers SG, de Gier JW, Daniels R. Influenza virus and pneumococcal neuraminidases enhance catalysis by similar yet distinct sialic acid-binding strategies. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102891. [PMID: 36634846 PMCID: PMC9929470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses and the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci) both express neuraminidases that catalyze release of sialic acid residues from oligosaccharides and glycoproteins. Although these respiratory pathogen neuraminidases function in a similar environment, it remains unclear if these enzymes use similar mechanisms for sialic acid cleavage. Here, we compared the enzymatic properties of neuraminidases from two influenza A subtypes (N1 and N2) and the pneumococcal strain TIGR4 (NanA, NanB, and NanC). Insect cell-produced N1 and N2 tetramers exhibited calcium-dependent activities and stabilities that varied with pH. In contrast, E. coli-produced NanA, NanB, and NanC were isolated as calcium insensitive monomers with stabilities that were more resistant to pH changes. Using a synthetic substrate (MUNANA), all neuraminidases showed similar pH optimums (pH 6-7) that were primarily defined by changes in catalytic rate rather than substrate binding affinity. Upon using a multivalent substrate (fetuin sialoglycans), much higher specific activities were observed for pneumococcal neuraminidases that contain an additional lectin domain. In virions, N1 and especially N2 also showed enhanced specific activity toward fetuin that was lost upon the addition of detergent, indicating the sialic acid-binding capacity of neighboring hemagglutinin molecules likely contributes to catalysis of natural multivalent substrates. These results demonstrate that influenza and pneumococcal neuraminidases have evolved similar yet distinct strategies to optimize their catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Klenow
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Rageia Elfageih
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jin Gao
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Hongquan Wan
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen G. Withers
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jan-Willem de Gier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Daniels
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
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7
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Kooner A, Yuan Y, Yu H, Kang H, Klenow L, Daniels R, Chen X. Sialosides Containing 7- N-Acetyl Sialic Acid Are Selective Substrates for Neuraminidases from Influenza A Viruses. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 9:33-41. [PMID: 36455156 PMCID: PMC9840695 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Sialidases or neuraminidases are sialic-acid-cleaving enzymes that are expressed by a broad spectrum of organisms, including pathogens. In nature, sialic acids are monosaccharides with diverse structural variations, but the lack of novel probes has made it difficult to determine how sialic acid modifications impact the recognition by sialidases. Here, we used a chemoenzymatic synthon strategy to generate a set of α2-3- and α2-6-linked sialoside probes that contain 7-N-acetyl or 7,9-di-N-acetyl sialic acid as structure mimics for those containing the less stable naturally occurring 7-O-acetyl- or 7,9-di-O-acetyl modifications. These probes were used to compare the substrate specificity of several sialidases from different origins. Our results show that 7-N-acetyl sialic acid was readily cleaved by neuraminidases from H1N1 and H3N2 influenza A viruses, but not by sialidases of human or bacterial origin, thereby indicating that the influenza enzymes possess a distinctive and more promiscuous substrate binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoopjit
Singh Kooner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hai Yu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hyeog Kang
- Division
of Viral Products, Center for Biologics
Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Laura Klenow
- Division
of Viral Products, Center for Biologics
Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Robert Daniels
- Division
of Viral Products, Center for Biologics
Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States,
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8
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Prevalence and mechanisms of evolutionary contingency in human influenza H3N2 neuraminidase. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6443. [PMID: 36307418 PMCID: PMC9616408 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuraminidase (NA) of human influenza H3N2 virus has evolved rapidly and been accumulating mutations for more than half-century. However, biophysical constraints that govern the evolutionary trajectories of NA remain largely elusive. Here, we show that among 70 natural mutations that are present in the NA of a recent human H3N2 strain, >10% are deleterious for an ancestral strain. By mapping the permissive mutations using combinatorial mutagenesis and next-generation sequencing, an extensive epistatic network is revealed. Biophysical and structural analyses further demonstrate that certain epistatic interactions can be explained by non-additive stability effect, which in turn modulates membrane trafficking and enzymatic activity of NA. Additionally, our results suggest that other biophysical mechanisms also contribute to epistasis in NA evolution. Overall, these findings not only provide mechanistic insights into the evolution of human influenza NA and elucidate its sequence-structure-function relationship, but also have important implications for the development of next-generation influenza vaccines.
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9
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Ellis D, Lederhofer J, Acton OJ, Tsybovsky Y, Kephart S, Yap C, Gillespie RA, Creanga A, Olshefsky A, Stephens T, Pettie D, Murphy M, Sydeman C, Ahlrichs M, Chan S, Borst AJ, Park YJ, Lee KK, Graham BS, Veesler D, King NP, Kanekiyo M. Structure-based design of stabilized recombinant influenza neuraminidase tetramers. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1825. [PMID: 35383176 PMCID: PMC8983682 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29416-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) is a major antiviral drug target and has recently reemerged as a key target of antibody-mediated protective immunity. Here we show that recombinant NAs across non-bat subtypes adopt various tetrameric conformations, including an "open" state that may help explain poorly understood variations in NA stability across viral strains and subtypes. We use homology-directed protein design to uncover the structural principles underlying these distinct tetrameric conformations and stabilize multiple recombinant NAs in the "closed" state, yielding two near-atomic resolution structures of NA by cryo-EM. In addition to enhancing thermal stability, conformational stabilization improves affinity to protective antibodies elicited by viral infection, including antibodies targeting a quaternary epitope and the broadly conserved catalytic site. Stabilized NAs can also be integrated into viruses without affecting fitness. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of NA structure, stability, and antigenicity, and establish design strategies for reinforcing the conformational integrity of recombinant NA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ellis
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Icosavax Inc., Seattle, WA, 98102, USA
| | - Julia Lederhofer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Oliver J Acton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yaroslav Tsybovsky
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Sally Kephart
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Christina Yap
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Rebecca A Gillespie
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Adrian Creanga
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Audrey Olshefsky
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Tyler Stephens
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Deleah Pettie
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Michael Murphy
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Claire Sydeman
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Maggie Ahlrichs
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Sidney Chan
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Andrew J Borst
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kelly K Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Masaru Kanekiyo
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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10
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Pre-existing antibodies directed against a tetramerizing domain enhance the immune response against artificially stabilized soluble tetrameric influenza neuraminidase. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:11. [PMID: 35087067 PMCID: PMC8795415 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuraminidase (NA) is an abundant antigen at the surface of influenza virions. Recent studies have highlighted the immune-protective potential of NA against influenza and defined anti-NA antibodies as an independent correlate of protection. Even though NA head domain changes at a slightly slower pace than hemagglutinin (HA), NA is still subject to antigenic drift, and therefore an NA-based influenza vaccine antigen may have to be updated regularly and thus repeatedly administered. NA is a tetrameric type II membrane protein, which readily dissociates into dimers and monomers when expressed in a soluble form. By using a tetramerizing zipper, such as the tetrabrachion (TB) from Staphylothermus marinus, it is possible to stabilize soluble NA in its active tetrameric conformation, an imperative for the optimal induction of protective NA inhibitory antibodies. The impact of repetitive immunizations with TB-stabilized antigens on the immunogenicity of soluble TB-stabilized NA is unknown. We demonstrate that TB is immunogenic in mice. Interestingly, preexisting anti-TB antibodies enhance the anti-NA antibody response induced by immunization with TB-stabilized NA. This immune-enhancing effect was transferable by serum and operated independently of activating Fcγ receptors. We also demonstrate that priming with TB-stabilized NA antigens, enhances the NA inhibitory antibody responses against a heterosubtypic TB-stabilized NA. These findings have implications for the clinical development of oligomeric vaccine antigens that are stabilized by a heterologous oligomerizing domain.
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11
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Creytens S, Pascha MN, Ballegeer M, Saelens X, de Haan CAM. Influenza Neuraminidase Characteristics and Potential as a Vaccine Target. Front Immunol 2021; 12:786617. [PMID: 34868073 PMCID: PMC8635103 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.786617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuraminidase of influenza A and B viruses plays a critical role in the virus life cycle and is an important target of the host immune system. Here, we highlight the current understanding of influenza neuraminidase structure, function, antigenicity, immunogenicity, and immune protective potential. Neuraminidase inhibiting antibodies have been recognized as correlates of protection against disease caused by natural or experimental influenza A virus infection in humans. In the past years, we have witnessed an increasing interest in the use of influenza neuraminidase to improve the protective potential of currently used influenza vaccines. A number of well-characterized influenza neuraminidase-specific monoclonal antibodies have been described recently, most of which can protect in experimental challenge models by inhibiting the neuraminidase activity or by Fc receptor-dependent mechanisms. The relative instability of the neuraminidase poses a challenge for protein-based antigen design. We critically review the different solutions that have been proposed to solve this problem, ranging from the inclusion of stabilizing heterologous tetramerizing zippers to the introduction of inter-protomer stabilizing mutations. Computationally engineered neuraminidase antigens have been generated that offer broad, within subtype protection in animal challenge models. We also provide an overview of modern vaccine technology platforms that are compatible with the induction of robust neuraminidase-specific immune responses. In the near future, we will likely see the implementation of influenza vaccines that confront the influenza virus with a double punch: targeting both the hemagglutinin and the neuraminidase.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antigenic Drift and Shift
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Antigens, Viral/ultrastructure
- Catalytic Domain/genetics
- Catalytic Domain/immunology
- Cross Protection
- Evolution, Molecular
- Humans
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Alphainfluenzavirus/enzymology
- Alphainfluenzavirus/genetics
- Alphainfluenzavirus/immunology
- Betainfluenzavirus/enzymology
- Betainfluenzavirus/genetics
- Betainfluenzavirus/immunology
- Mutation
- Nanoparticles
- Neuraminidase/administration & dosage
- Neuraminidase/genetics
- Neuraminidase/immunology
- Neuraminidase/ultrastructure
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/ultrastructure
- Viral Proteins/administration & dosage
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/immunology
- Viral Proteins/ultrastructure
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Creytens
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mirte N. Pascha
- Section Virology, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marlies Ballegeer
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xavier Saelens
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cornelis A. M. de Haan
- Section Virology, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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