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Zheng YB, Lu S, Chu TB, Pang GF, Yang LY, Zhang Q. Investigate the potential impact of Hemagglutinin from the H1N1 strain on severe pneumonia. Gene 2024; 926:148559. [PMID: 38740352 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The most prevalent glycoprotein on the influenza virus envelope is called hemagglutinin (HA), yet little is known about its involvement in the pathophysiology and etiology of severe influenza pneumonia. Here, after stimulating human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) and mice with HA of H1N1 for 12 h, we investigated the proliferation, migration, inflammatory cytokines expression, and apoptosis in 16-HBE and the pathological damage in mouse lung tissue. The expression of inflammatory cytokines plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI-1), urokinase-type (uPA) and tissue-type (tPA) plasminogen activators, and apoptosis were all enhanced by HA, which also prevented the proliferation and migration of bronchial epithelial cells. HA enhanced up-regulated PAI-1, uPA, and tPA protein expression within mouse lung tissue and caused lung injury. In conclusion, HA alone, but not the whole H1N1 virus, induces lung tissue injury by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration, while promoting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bi Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
| | - Song Lu
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Tian-Bao Chu
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Gui-Feng Pang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Lin-Ying Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China.
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2
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Sun Y, Ji L, Liu W, Sun J, Liu P, Wang X, Liu X, Xu X. Influenza virus infection activates TAK1 to suppress RIPK3-independent apoptosis and RIPK1-dependent necroptosis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:372. [PMID: 39044278 PMCID: PMC11264382 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Many DNA viruses develop various strategies to inhibit cell death to facilitate their replication. However, whether influenza A virus (IAV), a fast-replicating RNA virus, attenuates cell death remains unknown. Here, we report that IAV infection induces TAK1 phosphorylation in a murine alveolar epithelial cell line (LET1) and a murine fibroblastoma cell line (L929). The TAK1-specific inhibitor 5Z-7-Oxzeneonal (5Z) and TAK1 knockout significantly enhance IAV-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by increased PARP, caspase-8, and caspase-3 cleavage. TAK1 inhibition also increases necroptosis as evidenced by increased RIPK1S166, RIPK3T231/S232, and MLKLS345 phosphorylation. Mechanistically, TAK1 activates IKK, which phosphorylates RIPK1S25 and inhibits its activation. TAK1 also activates p38 and its downstream kinase MK2, which phosphorylates RIPK1S321 but does not affect RIPK1 activation. Further investigation revealed that the RIPK1 inhibitor Nec-1 and RIPK1 knockout abrogate IAV-induced apoptosis and necroptosis; re-expression of wild-type but not kinase-dead (KD)-RIPK1 restores IAV-induced cell death. ZBP1 knockout abrogates IAV-induced cell death, whereas RIPK3 knockout inhibits IAV-induced necroptosis but not apoptosis. 5Z treatment enhances IAV-induced cell death and slightly reduces the inflammatory response in the lungs of H1N1 virus-infected mice and prolongs the survival of IAV-infected mice. Our study provides evidence that IAV activates TAK1 to suppress RIPK1-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis, and that RIPK3 is required for IAV-induced necroptosis but not apoptosis in epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Penggang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China
| | - Xiulong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, P. R. China.
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China.
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3
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Yue Y, Chan W, Zhang J, Liu J, Wang M, Hao L, Wang J. Activation of receptor-interacting protein 3-mediated necroptosis accelerates periodontitis in mice. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2485-2496. [PMID: 37518945 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the involvement and role of receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3)-mediated necroptosis in periodontitis. METHODS A periodontitis murine model was established by oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis, and activation of necroptosis pathway was identified by immunohistochemistry. Adeno-associated virus was used to knock down Rip3 and the effect of Rip3 knockdown on periodontal inflammation was examined by Micro-CT, qRT-PCR and histological staining. In vitro, P. gingivalis-LPS was used to infect fibroblast cell line L929 and siRNA was used to knock down Rip3. Necroptosis pathway signalling and inflammation in cells were detected by cell viability and death assay, Western Blot, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS Phosphorylation of RIP3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) was increased in the periodontal ligament of mice infected with P. gingivalis. RIP3 knockdown reduced osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory cytokines in the periodontal area, and alleviated alveolar bone loss in vivo. In vitro, P. gingivalis-LPS-induced RIP3-mediated necroptosis in L929 cells, and knockdown of RIP3 by siRNA decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION RIP3-mediated necroptosis is activated in periodontitis and blocking necroptosis alleviates disease progression, indicating that RIP3 may be a potential target for periodontitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yue
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weicheng Chan
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Hao
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Mei X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Wang H, Chen R, Ma K, Yang Y, Jiang P, Feng Z, Zhang C, Zhang Z. Necroptosis in Pneumonia: Therapeutic Strategies and Future Perspectives. Viruses 2024; 16:94. [PMID: 38257794 PMCID: PMC10818625 DOI: 10.3390/v16010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia remains a major global health challenge, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic approaches. Recently, necroptosis, a regulated form of cell death, has garnered attention in the fields of pharmacology and immunology for its role in the pathogenesis of pneumonia. Characterized by cell death and inflammatory responses, necroptosis is a key mechanism contributing to tissue damage and immune dysregulation in various diseases, including pneumonia. This review comprehensively analyzes the role of necroptosis in pneumonia and explores potential pharmacological interventions targeting this cell death pathway. Moreover, we highlight the intricate interplay between necroptosis and immune responses in pneumonia, revealing a bidirectional relationship between necrotic cell death and inflammatory signaling. Importantly, we assess current therapeutic strategies modulating necroptosis, encompassing synthetic inhibitors, natural products, and other drugs targeting key components of the programmed necrosis pathway. The article also discusses challenges and future directions in targeting programmed necrosis for pneumonia treatment, proposing novel therapeutic strategies that combine antibiotics with necroptosis inhibitors. This review underscores the importance of understanding necroptosis in pneumonia and highlights the potential of pharmacological interventions to mitigate tissue damage and restore immune homeostasis in this devastating respiratory infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhen Mei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Shu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhixin Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
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5
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Si Y, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Zhu X, Yang Y, Liu H, Zhang L, Cheng L, Wang K, Ye W, Lv X, Zhang X, Hou W, Zhao G, Lei Y, Zhang F, Ma H. RIPK3 promotes hantaviral replication by restricting JAK-STAT signaling without triggering necroptosis. Virol Sin 2023; 38:741-754. [PMID: 37633447 PMCID: PMC10590702 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaan virus (HTNV) is a rodent-borne virus that causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), resulting in a high mortality rate of 15%. Interferons (IFNs) play a critical role in the anti-hantaviral immune response, and IFN pretreatment efficiently restricts HTNV infection by triggering the expression of a series of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) through the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (JAK-STAT) pathway. However, the tremendous amount of IFNs produced during late infection could not restrain HTNV replication, and the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), a crucial molecule that mediates necroptosis, was activated by HTNV and contributed to hantavirus evasion of IFN responses by inhibiting STAT1 phosphorylation. RNA-seq analysis revealed the upregulation of multiple cell death-related genes after HTNV infection, with RIPK3 identified as a key modulator of viral replication. RIPK3 ablation significantly enhanced ISGs expression and restrained HTNV replication, without affecting the expression of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) or the production of type I IFNs. Conversely, exogenously expressed RIPK3 compromised the host's antiviral response and facilitated HTNV replication. RIPK3-/- mice also maintained a robust ability to clear HTNV with enhanced innate immune responses. Mechanistically, we found that RIPK3 could bind STAT1 and inhibit STAT1 phosphorylation dependent on the protein kinase domain (PKD) of RIPK3 but not its kinase activity. Overall, these observations demonstrated a noncanonical function of RIPK3 during viral infection and have elucidated a novel host innate immunity evasion strategy utilized by HTNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Si
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ziqing Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yongheng Yang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Linfeng Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kerong Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xijing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wugang Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; The College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yingfeng Lei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Fanglin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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6
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Wei L, Wang X, Zhou H. Interaction among inflammasome, PANoptosise, and innate immune cells in infection of influenza virus: Updated review. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e997. [PMID: 37773712 PMCID: PMC10521376 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza virus (IV) is a leading cause of respiratory tract infections, eliciting responses from key innate immune cells such as Macrophages (MQs), Neutrophils, and Dendritic Cells (DCs). These cells employ diverse mechanisms to combat IV, with Inflammasomes playing a pivotal role in viral infection control. Cellular death mechanisms, including Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis (collectively called PANoptosis), significantly contribute to the innate immune response. METHODS In this updated review, we delve into the intricate relationship between PANoptosis and Inflammasomes within innate immune cells (MQs, Neutrophils, and DCs) during IV infections. We explore the strategies employed by IV to evade these immune defenses and the consequences of unchecked PANoptosis and inflammasome activation, including the potential development of severe complications such as cytokine storms and tissue damage. RESULTS Our analysis underscores the interplay between PANoptosis and Inflammasomes as a critical aspect of the innate immune response against IV. We provide insights into IV's various mechanisms to subvert these immune pathways and highlight the importance of understanding these interactions to develop effective antiviral medications. CONCLUSION A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic interactions between PANoptosis, Inflammasomes, and IV is essential for advancing our knowledge of innate immune responses to viral infections. This knowledge will be invaluable in developing targeted antiviral therapies to combat IV and mitigate potential complications, including cytokine storms and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wei
- Intensive Care Unit, Huzhou Third Municipal hospitalThe Affiliated hospital of Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
| | - Xufang Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Huzhou Third Municipal hospitalThe Affiliated hospital of Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
| | - Huifei Zhou
- Intensive Care Unit, Huzhou Third Municipal hospitalThe Affiliated hospital of Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
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Wu N, Zheng C, Xu J, Ma S, Jia H, Yan M, An F, Zhou Y, Qi J, Bian H. Race between virus and inflammasomes: inhibition or escape, intervention and therapy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1173505. [PMID: 37465759 PMCID: PMC10351387 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1173505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that further regulates cell pyroptosis and inflammation by activating caspase-1. The assembly and activation of inflammasome are associated with a variety of diseases. Accumulative studies have shown that inflammasome is a key modulator of the host's defense response to viral infection. Indeed, it has been established that activation of inflammasome occurs during viral infection. At the same time, the host has evolved a variety of corresponding mechanisms to inhibit unnecessary inflammasome activation. Therefore, here, we review and summarize the latest research progress on the interaction between inflammosomes and viruses, highlight the assembly and activation of inflammosome in related cells after viral infection, as well as the corresponding molecular regulatory mechanisms, and elucidate the effects of this activation on virus immune escape and host innate and adaptive immune defenses. Finally, we also discuss the potential therapeutic strategies to prevent and/or ameliorate viral infection-related diseases via targeting inflammasomes and its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nijin Wu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunzhi Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases and Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiarui Xu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shujun Ma
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huimin Jia
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meizhu Yan
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fuxiang An
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianni Qi
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongjun Bian
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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8
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Fu C, Zhu W, Cao N, Liu W, Lu Z, Wong Z, Guan K, Hu C, Han B, Zeng S, Fan S. Role of CIV NS1 Protein in Innate Immunity and Viral Replication. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10056. [PMID: 37373204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune pathway serves as the first line of defense against viral infections and plays a crucial role in the host's immune response in clearing viruses. Prior research has indicated that the influenza A virus has developed various strategies to avoid host immune responses. Nevertheless, the role of the NS1 protein of the canine influenza virus (CIV) in the innate immune pathway remains unclear. In this study, eukaryotic plasmids of NS1, NP, PA, PB1, and PB2 were constructed, and it was found that these proteins interact with melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and antagonize the activation of IFN-β promoters by MDA5. We selected the NS1 protein for further study and found that NS1 does not affect the interaction between the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) subunit and MDA5, but that it downregulates the expression of the laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2) and retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) receptors in the RIG-I pathway. Additionally, NS1 was found to inhibit the expression of several antiviral proteins and cytokines, including MX dynamin like GTPase 1 (MX1), 2'-5'oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS), Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STAT1), tripartite motif 25 (TRIM25), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IFN, IL-8, and IL-1β. To further investigate the role of NS1, a recombinant H3N2 virus strain (rH3N2) and an NS1-null virus (rH3N2ΔNS1) were rescued using reverse-genetic technology. The rH3N2ΔNS1 virus exhibited lower viral titers compared to rH3N2, but had a stronger activation effect on the receptors LGP2 and RIG-I. Furthermore, when compared to rH3N2, rH3N2ΔNS1 exhibited a more pronounced activation of antiviral proteins such as MX1, OAS, STAT1, and TRIM25, as well as antiviral cytokines such as IL-6, IFN-β, and IL-1β. These findings suggest a new mechanism by which NS1, a nonstructural protein of CIV, facilitates innate immune signaling and provides new avenues for the development of antiviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Nan Cao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Zhier Lu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Ziyuan Wong
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Kaiting Guan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Chunyan Hu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Baoting Han
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Sen Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510000, China
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9
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Ye K, Chen Z, Xu Y. The double-edged functions of necroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:163. [PMID: 36849530 PMCID: PMC9969390 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis refers to a regulated form of cell death induced by a variety of stimuli. Although it has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, there is evidence to support that necroptosis is not purely a detrimental process. We propose that necroptosis is a "double-edged sword" in terms of physiology and pathology. On the one hand, necroptosis can trigger an uncontrolled inflammatory cascade response, resulting in severe tissue injury, disease chronicity, and even tumor progression. On the other hand, necroptosis functions as a host defense mechanism, exerting antipathogenic and antitumor effects through its powerful pro-inflammatory properties. Moreover, necroptosis plays an important role during both development and regeneration. Misestimation of the multifaceted features of necroptosis may influence the development of therapeutic approaches targeting necroptosis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the pathways involved in necroptosis as well as five important steps that determine its occurrence. The dual role of necroptosis in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions is also highlighted. Future studies and the development of therapeutic strategies targeting necroptosis should fully consider the complicated properties of this type of regulated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Ye
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005 China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005 China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005 China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005 China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005 China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005 China
| | - Yanfang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China. .,Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China. .,Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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10
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Liccardi G, Annibaldi A. MLKL post-translational modifications: road signs to infection, inflammation and unknown destinations. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:269-278. [PMID: 36175538 PMCID: PMC9520111 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a caspase-independent modality of cell death that requires the activation of the executioner MLKL. In the last ten years the field gained a substantial amount of evidence regarding its involvement in host response to pathogens, TNF-induced inflammatory diseases as well as pathogen recognition receptors (PRR)-induced inflammation. However, there are still a lot of questions that remain unanswered. While it is clear that there are specific events needed to drive MLKL activation, substantial differences between human and mouse MLKL not only highlight different evolutionary pressure, but also provide potential insights on alternative modalities of activation. While in TNF-induced necroptosis it is clear the involvement of the RIPK3 mediated phosphorylation, it still remains to be understood how certain inflammatory in vivo phenotypes are not equally rescued by either RIPK3 or MLKL loss. Moreover, the plethora of different reported phosphorylation events on MLKL, even in cells that do not express RIPK3, suggest indeed that there is more to MLKL than RIPK3-mediated activation, not only in the execution of necroptosis but perhaps in other inflammatory conditions that include IFN response. The recent discovery of MLKL ubiquitination has highlighted a new checkpoint in the regulation of MLKL activation and the somewhat conflicting evidence reported certainly require some untangling. In this review we will highlight the recent findings on MLKL activation and involvement to pathogen response with a specific focus on MLKL post-translational modifications, in particular ubiquitination. This review will highlight the outstanding main questions that have risen from the last ten years of research, trying at the same time to propose potential avenues of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmaria Liccardi
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 52, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Alessandro Annibaldi
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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11
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Zhang G, Wang J, Zhao Z, Xin T, Fan X, Shen Q, Raheem A, Lee CR, Jiang H, Ding J. Regulated necrosis, a proinflammatory cell death, potentially counteracts pathogenic infections. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:637. [PMID: 35869043 PMCID: PMC9307826 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of cell apoptosis, other gene-regulated cell deaths are gradually appreciated, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis. Necroptosis is, so far, one of the best-characterized regulated necrosis. In response to diverse stimuli (death receptor or toll-like receptor stimulation, pathogenic infection, or other factors), necroptosis is initiated and precisely regulated by the receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) with the involvement of its partners (RIPK1, TRIF, DAI, or others), ultimately leading to the activation of its downstream substrate, mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL). Necroptosis plays a significant role in the host's defense against pathogenic infections. Although much has been recognized regarding modulatory mechanisms of necroptosis during pathogenic infection, the exact role of necroptosis at different stages of infectious diseases is still being unveiled, e.g., how and when pathogens utilize or evade necroptosis to facilitate their invasion and how hosts manipulate necroptosis to counteract these detrimental effects brought by pathogenic infections and further eliminate the encroaching pathogens. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent progress in the role of necroptosis during a series of viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections with zoonotic potentials, aiming to provide references and directions for the prevention and control of infectious diseases of both human and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhi Zhang
- grid.464332.4Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- grid.508381.70000 0004 0647 272XShenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen, 518000 China ,grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020 Guangdong China
| | - Zhanran Zhao
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200 USA
| | - Ting Xin
- grid.464332.4Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xuezheng Fan
- grid.464332.4Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Qingchun Shen
- grid.464332.4Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Abdul Raheem
- grid.464332.4Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China ,grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137Present Address: Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chae Rhim Lee
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Present Address: University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Hui Jiang
- grid.464332.4Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jiabo Ding
- grid.464332.4Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
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12
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Osteopontin aggravates acute lung injury in influenza virus infection by promoting macrophages necroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:97. [PMID: 35246529 PMCID: PMC8897470 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00904-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infection with influenza A virus (IAV) can trigger pulmonary inflammation and lung damage. Osteopontin (OPN) is an essential regulator of cell death and immunity. However, the role and underlying mechanism of OPN in cell death in IAV-induced pulmonary injury remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that OPN-deficient (OPN-/-) mice were insensitive to IAV, exhibiting decreased viral loads and attenuated lung injury after IAV infection compared to those in wild-type (WT) mice. Moreover, macrophage necroptosis was significantly reduced in OPN-/- mice infected with IAV compared to that in infected WT mice. OPN increased the expression of necroptosis-related genes and exacerbated macrophage necroptosis in IAV-infected THP1 cells. Notably, adoptive transfer of WT bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) or OPN-/- BMDMs into mice restored resistance to influenza infection, and the rescue effect of OPN-/- BMDMs was better than that of WT BMDMs. Collectively, these results suggest that OPN deficiency in macrophages reduces necroptosis, which leads to a decrease in viral titers and protects against IAV infection. Therefore, OPN is a potential target for the treatment of IAV infection.
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13
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Gui R, Chen Q. Molecular Events Involved in Influenza A Virus-Induced Cell Death. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:797789. [PMID: 35069499 PMCID: PMC8777062 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.797789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection usually leads to cell death. Moderate cell death is a protective innate immune response. By contrast, excessive, uncontrolled cell death causes tissue destruction, cytokine storm, or even host death. Thus, the struggle between the host and virus determines whether the host survives. Influenza A virus (IAV) infection in humans can lead to unbridled hyper-inflammatory reactions and cause serious illnesses and even death. A full understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks through which IAVs induce cell death could facilitate the development of more effective antiviral treatments. In this review, we discuss current progress in research on cell death induced by IAV infection and evaluate the role of cell death in IAV replication and disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early Warning, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Quanjiao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early Warning, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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14
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Innate immune sensing of influenza A viral RNA through IFI16 promotes pyroptotic cell death. iScience 2022; 25:103714. [PMID: 35072006 PMCID: PMC8762390 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death pathways are triggered by various stresses or stimuli, including viral infections. The mechanism underlying the regulation of these pathways upon Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is not well characterized. We report that a cytosolic DNA sensor IFI16 is essential for the activation of programmed cell death pathways in IAV infected cells. We have identified that IFI16 functions as an RNA sensor for the influenza A virus by interacting with genomic RNA. The activation of IFI16 triggers the production of type I, III interferons, and also pro-inflammatory cytokines via the STING-TBK1 and Pro-caspase-1 signaling axis, thereby promoting cell death (apoptosis and pyroptosis in IAV infected cells). On the contrary, IFI16 knockdown cells showed reduced inflammatory responses and also prevented cell mortality during IAV infection. Collectively, these results demonstrate the pivotal role of IFI16-mediated IAV sensing and its essential role in activating programmed cell death pathways. DNA sensor IFI16 senses Influenza viral RNA IFI16 induce pyroptosis in Influenza A Virus (IAV) infected cells IFI16 interacts with IAV RNA and restricts viral replication IFI16 promotes overall antiviral state during IAV infection
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15
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Influenza A Virus Infection Activates NLRP3 Inflammasome through Trans-Golgi Network Dispersion. Viruses 2022; 14:v14010088. [PMID: 35062292 PMCID: PMC8778788 DOI: 10.3390/v14010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome consists of NLRP3, ASC, and pro-caspase-1 and is an important arm of the innate immune response against influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Upon infection, the inflammasome is activated, resulting in the production of IL-1β and IL-18, which recruits other immune cells to the site of infection. It has been suggested that in the presence of stress molecules such as nigericin, the trans-Golgi network (TGN) disperses into small puncta-like structures where NLRP3 is recruited and activated. Here, we investigated whether IAV infection could lead to TGN dispersion, whether dispersed TGN (dTGN) is responsible for NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and which viral protein is involved in this process. We showed that the IAV causes dTGN formation, which serves as one of the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to IAV infection. Furthermore, we generated a series of mutant IAVs that carry mutations in the M2 protein. We demonstrated the M2 proton channel activity, specifically His37 and Trp41 are pivotal for the dispersion of TGN, NLRP3 conformational change, and IL-1β induction. The results revealed a novel mechanism behind the activation and regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in IAV infection.
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16
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Dubey AR, Jagtap YA, Kumar P, Patwa SM, Kinger S, Kumar A, Singh S, Prasad A, Jana NR, Mishra A. Biochemical strategies of E3 ubiquitin ligases target viruses in critical diseases. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:161-182. [PMID: 34520596 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are known to cause various diseases in human and also infect other species such as animal plants, fungi, and bacteria. Replication of viruses depends upon their interaction with hosts. Human cells are prone to such unwanted viral infections. Disintegration and reconstitution require host machinery and various macromolecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins are invaded by viral particles. E3 ubiquitin ligases are known for their specific function, that is, recognition of their respective substrates for intracellular degradation. Still, we do not understand how ubiquitin proteasome system-based enzymes E3 ubiquitin ligases do their functional interaction with different viruses. Whether E3 ubiquitin ligases help in the elimination of viral components or viruses utilize their molecular capabilities in their intracellular propagation is not clear. The first time our current article comprehends fundamental concepts and new insights on the different viruses and their interaction with various E3 Ubiquitin Ligases. In this review, we highlight the molecular pathomechanism of viruses linked with E3 Ubiquitin Ligases dependent mechanisms. An enhanced understanding of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase-mediated removal of viral proteins may open new therapeutic strategies against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur R Dubey
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yuvraj A Jagtap
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Som M Patwa
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sumit Kinger
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, India
| | - Nihar R Jana
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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17
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Santos LD, Antunes KH, Muraro SP, de Souza GF, da Silva AG, Felipe JDS, Zanetti LC, Czepielewski RS, Magnus K, Scotta M, Mattiello R, Maito F, de Souza APD, Weinlich R, Vinolo MAR, Porto BN. TNF-mediated alveolar macrophage necroptosis drives disease pathogenesis during respiratory syncytial virus infection. Eur Respir J 2021; 57:13993003.03764-2020. [PMID: 33303545 PMCID: PMC8209485 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03764-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of acute bronchiolitis in infants under 2 years old. Necroptosis has been implicated in the outcomes of respiratory virus infections. We report that RSV infection triggers necroptosis in primary mouse macrophages and human monocytes in a RIPK1-, RIPK3- and MLKL-dependent manner. Moreover, necroptosis pathways are harmful to RSV clearance from alveolar macrophages. Additionally, Ripk3-/- mice were protected from RSV-induced weight loss and presented with reduced viral loads in the lungs.Alveolar macrophage depletion also protected mice from weight loss and decreased lung RSV virus load. Importantly, alveolar macrophage depletion abolished the upregulation of Ripk3 and Mlkl gene expression induced by RSV infection in the lung tissue.Autocrine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated RSV-triggered macrophage necroptosis and necroptosis pathways were also involved in TNF secretion even when macrophages were committed to cell death, which can worsen lung injury during RSV infection. In line, Tnfr1-/- mice had a marked decrease in Ripk3 and Mlkl gene expression and a sharp reduction in the numbers of necrotic alveolar macrophages in the lungs. Finally, we provide evidence that elevated nasal levels of TNF are associated with disease severity in infants with RSV bronchiolitis.We propose that targeting TNF and/or the necroptotic machinery may be valuable therapeutic approaches to reduce the respiratory morbidity caused by RSV infection in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Duarte Santos
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Krist Helen Antunes
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Stéfanie Primon Muraro
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Dept of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Gabriela Fabiano de Souza
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Dept of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Amanda Gonzalez da Silva
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline de Souza Felipe
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Dept of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Sanguinetti Czepielewski
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Dept of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Karen Magnus
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Scotta
- Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rita Mattiello
- Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabio Maito
- Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Health Science School, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Duarte de Souza
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Dept of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Nery Porto
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Infant Center, School of Life and Health Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil .,Program in Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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18
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MLKL promotes cellular differentiation in myeloid leukemia by facilitating the release of G-CSF. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:3235-3250. [PMID: 34079078 PMCID: PMC8630008 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00811-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The blockade of cellular differentiation represents a hallmark of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is largely attributed to the dysfunction of lineage-specific transcription factors controlling cellular differentiation. However, alternative mechanisms of cellular differentiation programs in AML remain largely unexplored. Here we report that mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) contributes to the cellular differentiation of transformed hematopoietic progenitor cells in AML. Using gene-targeted mice, we show that MLKL facilitates the release of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) by controlling membrane permeabilization in leukemic cells. Mlkl−/− hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells released reduced amounts of G-CSF while retaining their capacity for CSF3 (G-CSF) mRNA expression, G-CSF protein translation, and G-CSF receptor signaling. MLKL associates with early endosomes and controls G-CSF release from intracellular storage by plasma membrane pore formation, whereas cell death remained unaffected by loss of MLKL. Of note, MLKL expression was significantly reduced in AML patients, specifically in those with a poor-risk AML subtype. Our data provide evidence that MLKL controls myeloid differentiation in AML by controlling the release of G-CSF from leukemic progenitor cells.
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19
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Abstract
Necroptosis is a noncaspase-dependent and precisely regulated mechanism of cell death. Necroptosis is mainly initiated by members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) families, interferon, intracellular RNA and DNA sensors and other mediators. Subsequently, the protein kinase RIPK1 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 1) and RIPK3 interact with the receptor protein, which transduces death signals and further recruits and phosphorylates MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein). MLKL serves as the initiator of cell death and eventually induces necroptosis. It was found that necroptosis is not only involved in the physiological regulation but also in the occurrence, development and prognosis of some necrotic diseases, especially infectious diseases. Intervention in the necroptosis signaling pathway is helpful for removing pathogens, inhibiting the development of lesions, and promoting the remodeling of tissue. In-depth study of the molecular regulation mechanism of necroptosis and its relationship with the pathogenesis of infectious diseases will help to provide new ideas and directions for research of the pathological mechanisms and clinical prevention of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Xia
- Post-Doctoral Research Station, Henan Agriculture University, No. 63, Nonye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, People's Republic of China.,Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 90, Hualan Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liancheng Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, People's Republic of China.,Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 90, Hualan Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhe Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, People's Republic of China. .,Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 90, Hualan Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Post-Doctoral Research Station, Henan Agriculture University, No. 63, Nonye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Bioinformatics analyses of significant genes, related pathways, and candidate diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. GENE REPORTS 2020; 21:100956. [PMID: 33553808 PMCID: PMC7854084 DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a leading cause of pneumonia and death. The aim of this investigation is to identify the key genes in SARS-CoV-2 infection and uncover their potential functions. We downloaded the expression profiling by high throughput sequencing of GSE152075 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Normalization of the data from primary SARS-CoV-2 infected samples and negative control samples in the database was conducted using R software. Then, joint analysis of the data was performed. Pathway and Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analyses were performed, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, target gene - miRNA regulatory network, target gene - TF regulatory network of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were constructed using Cytoscape software. Identification of diagnostic biomarkers was conducted using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. 994 DEGs (496 up regulated and 498 down regulated genes) were identified. Pathway and GO enrichment analysis showed up and down regulated genes mainly enriched in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, Ribosome, response to external biotic stimulus and viral transcription in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Down and up regulated genes were selected to establish the PPI network, modules, target gene - miRNA regulatory network, target gene - TF regulatory network revealed that these genes were involved in adaptive immune system, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, influenza A and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. In total, ten genes (CBL, ISG15, NEDD4, PML, REL, CTNNB1, ERBB2, JUN, RPS8 and STUB1) were identified as good diagnostic biomarkers. In conclusion, the identified DEGs, hub genes and target genes contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the advancement of SARS-CoV-2 infection and they may be used as diagnostic and molecular targets for the treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the future.
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Key Words
- Bioinformatics
- CBL, Cbl proto-oncogene
- DEGs, differentially expressed genes
- Diagnosis
- GO, Gene ontology
- ISG15, ISG15 ubiquitin like modifier
- Key genes
- NEDD4, NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase
- PML, promyelocyticleukemia
- PPI, protein-protein interaction
- Pathways
- REL, REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit
- ROC, receiver operating characteristic
- SARS-CoV-2 infection
- SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2
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21
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Simpson J, Loh Z, Ullah MA, Lynch JP, Werder RB, Collinson N, Zhang V, Dondelinger Y, Bertrand MJM, Everard ML, Blyth CC, Hartel G, Van Oosterhout AJ, Gough PJ, Bertin J, Upham JW, Spann KM, Phipps S. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Promotes Necroptosis and HMGB1 Release by Airway Epithelial Cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 201:1358-1371. [PMID: 32105156 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201906-1149oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis causes significant infant mortality. Bronchiolitis is characterized by airway epithelial cell (AEC) death; however, the mode of death remains unknown.Objectives: To determine whether necroptosis contributes to RSV bronchiolitis pathogenesis via HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1) release.Methods: Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from children presenting to the hospital with acute respiratory infection. Primary human AECs and neonatal mice were inoculated with RSV and murine Pneumovirus, respectively. Necroptosis was determined via viability assays and immunohistochemistry for RIPK1 (receptor-interacting protein kinase-1), MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase) protein, and caspase-3. Necroptosis was blocked using pharmacological inhibitors and RIPK1 kinase-dead knockin mice.Measurements and Main Results: HMGB1 levels were elevated in nasopharyngeal samples of children with acute RSV infection. RSV-induced epithelial cell death was associated with increased phosphorylated RIPK1 and phosphorylated MLKL but not active caspase-3 expression. Inhibition of RIPK1 or MLKL attenuated RSV-induced HMGB1 translocation and release, and lowered viral load. MLKL inhibition increased active caspase-3 expression in a caspase-8/9-dependent manner. In susceptible mice, Pneumovirus infection upregulated RIPK1 and MLKL expression in the airway epithelium at 8 to 10 days after infection, coinciding with AEC sloughing, HMGB1 release, and neutrophilic inflammation. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of RIPK1 or MLKL attenuated these pathologies, lowered viral load, and prevented type 2 inflammation and airway remodeling. Necroptosis inhibition in early life ameliorated asthma progression induced by viral or allergen challenge in later life.Conclusions: Pneumovirus infection induces AEC necroptosis. Inhibition of necroptosis may be a viable strategy to limit the severity of viral bronchiolitis and break its nexus with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Simpson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zhixuan Loh
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Md Ashik Ullah
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason P Lynch
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Vivian Zhang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yves Dondelinger
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mathieu J M Bertrand
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Christopher C Blyth
- School of Medicine and.,Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gunter Hartel
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | | | | | | | - John W Upham
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and
| | - Kirsten M Spann
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and
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22
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Malik G, Zhou Y. Innate Immune Sensing of Influenza A Virus. Viruses 2020; 12:E755. [PMID: 32674269 PMCID: PMC7411791 DOI: 10.3390/v12070755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus infection triggers host innate immune response by stimulating various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Activation of these PRRs leads to the activation of a plethora of signaling pathways, resulting in the production of interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines, followed by the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), the recruitment of innate immune cells, or the activation of programmed cell death. All these antiviral approaches collectively restrict viral replication inside the host. However, influenza virus also engages in multiple mechanisms to subvert the innate immune responses. In this review, we discuss the role of PRRs such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), NOD-, LRR-, pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), and Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) in sensing and restricting influenza viral infection. Further, we also discuss the mechanisms influenza virus utilizes, especially the role of viral non-structure proteins NS1, PB1-F2, and PA-X, to evade the host innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Malik
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada;
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Yan Zhou
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada;
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
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23
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Kabiljo J, Laengle J, Bergmann M. From threat to cure: understanding of virus-induced cell death leads to highly immunogenic oncolytic influenza viruses. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:48. [PMID: 32542113 PMCID: PMC7288254 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-0284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses constitute an emerging strategy in immunomodulatory cancer treatment. The first oncolytic virus, Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), based on herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) in 2015. The field of oncolytic virotherapy is still in its beginnings, since many promising viruses remain only superficially explored. Influenza A virus causes a highly immunogenic acute infection but never leads to a chronic disease. While oncolytic influenza A viruses are in preclinical development, they have not made the transition into clinical practice yet. Recent insights into different types of cell death caused by influenza A virus infection illuminate novel possibilities of enhancing its therapeutic effect. Genetic engineering and experience in influenza A virus vaccine development allow safe application of the virus in patients. In this review we give a summary of efforts undertaken to develop oncolytic influenza A viruses. We discuss strategies for targeting viral replication to cancerous lesions and arming them with immunogenic transgenes. We furthermore describe which modes of cell death are induced by influenza A virus infection and how these insights may be utilized to optimize influenza A virus-based oncolytic virus design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julijan Kabiljo
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Laengle
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bergmann
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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24
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Harker JA, Snelgrove RJ. A Not-So-Good Way to Die? Respiratory Syncytial Virus-induced Necroptotic Cell Death Promotes Inflammation and Type 2-mediated Pathology. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 201:1321-1323. [PMID: 32182121 PMCID: PMC7258638 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202003-0533ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James A Harker
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Snelgrove
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondon, United Kingdom
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25
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Noll KE, Whitmore AC, West A, McCarthy MK, Morrison CR, Plante KS, Hampton BK, Kollmus H, Pilzner C, Leist SR, Gralinski LE, Menachery VD, Schäfer A, Miller D, Shaw G, Mooney M, McWeeney S, Pardo-Manuel de Villena F, Schughart K, Morrison TE, Baric RS, Ferris MT, Heise MT. Complex Genetic Architecture Underlies Regulation of Influenza-A-Virus-Specific Antibody Responses in the Collaborative Cross. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107587. [PMID: 32348764 PMCID: PMC7195006 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Host genetic factors play a fundamental role in regulating humoral immunity to viral infection, including influenza A virus (IAV). Here, we utilize the Collaborative Cross (CC), a mouse genetic reference population, to study genetic regulation of variation in antibody response following IAV infection. CC mice show significant heritable variation in the magnitude, kinetics, and composition of IAV-specific antibody response. We map 23 genetic loci associated with this variation. Analysis of a subset of these loci finds that they broadly affect the antibody response to IAV as well as other viruses. Candidate genes are identified based on predicted variant consequences and haplotype-specific expression patterns, and several show overlap with genes identified in human mapping studies. These findings demonstrate that the host antibody response to IAV infection is under complex genetic control and highlight the utility of the CC in modeling and identifying genetic factors with translational relevance to human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E Noll
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alan C Whitmore
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ande West
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mary K McCarthy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Kenneth S Plante
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Brea K Hampton
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Heike Kollmus
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carolin Pilzner
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sarah R Leist
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lisa E Gralinski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Vineet D Menachery
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Darla Miller
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ginger Shaw
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael Mooney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; OHSU Knight Cancer Center Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Shannon McWeeney
- Division of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; OHSU Knight Cancer Center Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Thomas E Morrison
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Martin T Ferris
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark T Heise
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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26
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Laghlali G, Lawlor KE, Tate MD. Die Another Way: Interplay between Influenza A Virus, Inflammation and Cell Death. Viruses 2020; 12:v12040401. [PMID: 32260457 PMCID: PMC7232208 DOI: 10.3390/v12040401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major concern to human health due to the ongoing global threat of a pandemic. Inflammatory and cell death signalling pathways play important roles in host defence against IAV infection. However, severe IAV infections in humans are characterised by excessive inflammation and tissue damage, often leading to fatal disease. While the molecular mechanisms involved in the induction of inflammation during IAV infection have been well studied, the pathways involved in IAV-induced cell death and their impact on immunopathology have not been fully elucidated. There is increasing evidence of significant crosstalk between cell death and inflammatory pathways and a greater understanding of their role in host defence and disease may facilitate the design of new treatments for IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Laghlali
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (G.L.); (K.E.L.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Master de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Kate E. Lawlor
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (G.L.); (K.E.L.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Michelle D. Tate
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (G.L.); (K.E.L.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-85722742
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27
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Molecular mechanisms of necroptosis and relevance for neurodegenerative diseases. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 353:31-82. [PMID: 32381178 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a regulated cell death pathway morphologically similar to necrosis that depends on the kinase activity of receptor interacting protein 3 (RIP3) and the subsequent activation of the pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), being also generally dependent on RIP1 kinase activity. Necroptosis can be recruited during pathological conditions, usually following the activation of death receptors under specific cellular contexts. In this regard, necroptosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple disorders, including acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, and multiple sclerosis. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms regulating the induction of necroptosis and downstream effectors of this form of cell death, besides exploring non-necroptotic roles for necroptosis-related proteins that may impact on alternative cell death pathways and inflammatory mechanisms in disease. Finally, we outline the recent evidence implicating necroptosis in neurodegenerative conditions and the emerging therapeutic perspectives targeting necroptosis in these diseases.
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28
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Zhang S, Yu X, Meng X, Huo W, Su Y, Liu J, Liu Y, Zhang J, Wang S, Yu J. Coxsackievirus A6 Induces Necroptosis for Viral Production. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:42. [PMID: 32117097 PMCID: PMC7011610 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a febrile exanthematous disease with typical or atypical symptoms. Typical HFMD is usually caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) or coxsackievirus A16, while atypical HFMD is usually caused by coxsackievirus A6 (CA6). In recent years, worldwide outbreaks of CA6-associated HFMD have dramatically increased, although the pathogenic mechanism of CA6 is still unclear. EV71 has been established to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis, but in this study, we demonstrate that CA6 infection promotes a distinct pathway of cell death that involves loss of cell membrane integrity. Necrostatin-1, an inhibitor of necroptosis, blocks the cell death induced by CA6 infection, but Z-DEVD-FMK, an inhibitor of caspase-3, has no effect on CA6-induced cell death. Furthermore, CA6 infection up-regulates the expression of the necroptosis signaling molecule RIPK3. Importantly, necrostatin-1 inhibits CA6 viral production, as assessed by its ability to inhibit levels of VP1 protein and genomic RNA and infectious particles. CA6-induced necroptosis is not dependent on the generation of reactive oxygen species; however, viral 3D protein can directly bind RIPK3, which is suggestive of a direct mechanism of necroptosis induction. Therefore, these results indicate that CA6 induces a mechanism of RIPK3-dependent necroptosis for viral production that is distinct from the mechanism of apoptosis induced by typical HFMD viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Zhang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangling Meng
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenbo Huo
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Su
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yumeng Liu
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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29
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Imre G. The involvement of regulated cell death forms in modulating the bacterial and viral pathogenesis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 353:211-253. [PMID: 32381176 PMCID: PMC7102569 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis represent three distinct types of regulated cell death forms, which play significant roles in response to viral and bacterial infections. Whereas apoptosis is characterized by cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, bleb formation and retained membrane integrity, necroptosis and pyroptosis exhibit osmotic imbalance driven cytoplasmic swelling and early membrane damage. These three cell death forms exert distinct immune stimulatory potential. The caspase driven apoptotic cell demise is considered in many circumstances as anti-inflammatory, whereas the two lytic cell death modalities can efficiently trigger immune response by releasing damage associated molecular patterns to the extracellular space. The relevance of these cell death modalities in infections can be best demonstrated by the presence of viral proteins that directly interfere with cell death pathways. Conversely, some pathogens hijack the cell death signaling routes to initiate a targeted attack against the immune cells of the host, and extracellular bacteria can benefit from the destruction of intact extracellular barriers upon cell death induction. The complexity and the crosstalk between these cell death modalities reflect a continuous evolutionary race between pathogens and host. This chapter discusses the current advances in the research of cell death signaling with regard to viral and bacterial infections and describes the network of the cell death initiating molecular mechanisms that selectively recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Imre
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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30
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Faust H, Mangalmurti NS. Collateral damage: necroptosis in the development of lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 318:L215-L225. [PMID: 31774305 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00065.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is increasingly recognized as a driving factor in the development of acute lung injury. Necroptosis, an immunogenic regulated cell death program important in innate immunity, has been implicated in the development of lung injury in a diverse range of conditions. Characterized by lytic cell death and consequent extracellular release of endogenous inflammatory mediators, necroptosis can be both beneficial and deleterious to the host, depending on the context. Here, we review recent investigations linking necroptosis and the development of experimental lung injury. We assess the consequences of necroptosis during bacterial pneumonia, viral infection, sepsis, and sterile injury, highlighting increasing evidence from in vitro studies, animal models, and clinical studies that implicates necroptosis in the pathogenesis of ARDS. Lastly, we highlight current challenges in translating laboratory findings to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Faust
- Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Nilam S Mangalmurti
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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31
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H7N9 influenza A virus activation of necroptosis in human monocytes links innate and adaptive immune responses. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:442. [PMID: 31165725 PMCID: PMC6549191 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1684-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that avian influenza A H7N9 virus preferentially infected CD14+ monocyte in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which led to apoptosis. To better understand H7N9 pathogenesis in relation to monocyte cell death, we showed here that extensive phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) protein occurred concurrently with the activation of caspases-8, -9 and -3 in H7N9-infected monocytes at 6 h post infection (hpi), indicating that apoptosis and necroptosis pathways were simultaneously activated. The apoptotic morphology was readily observed in H7N9-infected monocytes with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while the pan-caspase inhibitor, IDN6556 (IDN), accelerated cell death through necroptosis as evidenced by the increased level of pMLKL accompanied with cell swelling and plasma membrane rupture. Most importantly, H7N9-induced cell death could only be stopped by the combined treatment of IDN and necrosulfonamide (NSA), a pMLKL membrane translocation inhibitor, but not by individual inhibition of caspase or RIPK3. Our data further showed that activation of apoptosis and necroptosis pathways in monocytes differentially contributed to the immune response of monocytes upon H7N9 infection. Specifically, caspase inhibition significantly enhanced, while RIPK3 inhibition reduced the early expression of type I interferons and cytokine/chemokines in H7N9-infected monocytes. Moreover, culture supernatants from IDN-treated H7N9-infected monocyte promoted the expression of co-stimulatory molecule CD80, CD83 and CD86 on freshly isolated monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDCs) and enhanced the capacity of MDCs to induce CD3+ T-cell proliferation in vitro. In contrast, these immune stimulatory effects were abrogated by using culture supernatants from H7N9-infected monocyte with RIPK3 inhibition. In conclusion, our findings indicated that H7N9 infection activated both apoptosis and necroptosis in monocytes. An intact RIPK3 activity is required for upregulation of innate immune responses, while caspase activation suppresses the immune response.
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