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Blanco CM, de Souza HADS, Martins PDC, Almeida-Silva J, Suarez-Fontes AM, Chaves YO, Vannier-Santos MA, Pratt-Riccio LR, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, Lopes SCP, Totino PRR. Cell Death of P. vivax Blood Stages Occurs in Absence of Classical Apoptotic Events and Induces Eryptosis of Parasitized Host Cells. Pathogens 2024; 13:673. [PMID: 39204273 PMCID: PMC11357032 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Elucidation of pathways regulating parasite cell death is believed to contribute to identification of novel therapeutic targets for protozoan diseases, and in this context, apoptosis-like cell death has been reported in different groups of protozoa, in which metacaspases seem to play a role. In the genus Plasmodium, apoptotic markers have been detected in P. falciparum and P. berghei, and no study focusing on P. vivax cell death has been reported so far. In the present study, we investigated the susceptibility of P. vivax to undergo apoptotic cell death after incubating mature trophozoites with the classical apoptosis inducer staurosporine. As assessed by flow cytometry assays, staurosporine inhibited parasite intraerythrocytic development, which was accompanied by a decrease in cell viability, evidenced by reduced plasmodial mitochondrial activity. However, typical signs of apoptosis, such as DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and nuclear segregation, were not detected in the parasites induced to cell death, and no significant alteration in metacaspase gene expression (PvMCA1) was observed under cell death stimulus. Interestingly, dying parasites positively modulated cell death (eryptosis) of host erythrocytes, which was marked by externalization of phosphatidylserine and cell shrinkage. Our study shows for the time that P. vivax blood stages may not be susceptible to apoptosis-like processes, while they could trigger eryptosis of parasitized cells by undergoing cell death. Further studies are required to elucidate the cellular machinery involved in cell death of P. vivax parasites as well as in the modulation of host cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Moreira Blanco
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Hugo Amorim dos Santos de Souza
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Priscilla da Costa Martins
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Juliana Almeida-Silva
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapia, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.A.-S.); (M.A.V.-S.)
| | - Ana Marcia Suarez-Fontes
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapia, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.A.-S.); (M.A.V.-S.)
| | - Yury Oliveira Chaves
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus 69057-070, Brazil; (Y.O.C.); (S.C.P.L.)
| | - Marcos André Vannier-Santos
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapia, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.A.-S.); (M.A.V.-S.)
| | - Lilian Rose Pratt-Riccio
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
| | - Stefanie Costa Pinto Lopes
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus 69057-070, Brazil; (Y.O.C.); (S.C.P.L.)
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Renato Rivas Totino
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente (SVSA), Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (H.A.d.S.d.S.); (P.d.C.M.); (L.R.P.-R.); (C.T.D.-R.)
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Breidung D, Megas IF, Freytag DL, Bernhagen J, Grieb G. The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (D-DT/MIF-2) in Infections: A Clinical Perspective. Biomedicines 2023; 12:2. [PMID: 38275363 PMCID: PMC10813530 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its homolog, D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT), are cytokines that play critical roles in the immune response to various infectious diseases. This review provides an overview of the complex involvement of MIF and D-DT in bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. The role of MIF in different types of infections is controversial, as it has either a protective function or a host damage-enhancing function depending on the pathogen. Depending on the specific role of MIF, different therapeutic options for MIF-targeting drugs arise. Human MIF-neutralizing antibodies, anti-parasite MIF antibodies, small molecule MIF inhibitors or MIF-blocking peptides, as well as the administration of exogenous MIF or MIF activity-augmenting small molecules have potential therapeutic applications and need to be further explored in the future. In addition, MIF has been shown to be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in sepsis. Further research is needed to unravel the complexity of MIF and D-DT in infectious diseases and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches targeting these cytokines. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of the role of MIF and D-DT in infections could lead to new strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Breidung
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Burn Center for Severe Burn Injuries, Klinikum Nuremberg Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Breslauer Str. 201, 90471 Nuremberg, Germany;
| | - Ioannis-Fivos Megas
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Center of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery and Microsurgery, Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau, Stadtrandstr. 555, 13589 Berlin, Germany;
| | - David Lysander Freytag
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Havelhoehe, Kladower Damm 221, 14089 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München (KUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Feodor-Lynenstraße 17, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynenstraße 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerrit Grieb
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Havelhoehe, Kladower Damm 221, 14089 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Bongiorni Galego G, Tasca T. Infinity war: Trichomonas vaginalis and interactions with host immune response. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2023; 10:103-116. [PMID: 37125086 PMCID: PMC10140678 DOI: 10.15698/mic2023.05.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis is the pathological agent of human trichomoniasis. The incidence is 156 million cases worldwide. Due to the increasing resistance of isolates to approved drugs and clinical complications that include increased risk in the acquisition and transmission of HIV, cervical and prostate cancer, and adverse outcomes during pregnancy, increasing our understanding of the pathogen's interaction with the host immune response is essential. Production of cytokines and cells of innate immunity: Neutrophils and macrophages are the main cells involved in the fight against the parasite, while IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α are the most produced cytokines in response to this infection. Clinical complications: T. vaginalis increases the acquisition of HIV, stimulates the invasiveness and growth of prostate cells, and generates an inflammatory environment that may lead to preterm birth. Endosymbiosis: Mycoplasma hominis increased cytotoxicity, growth, and survival rate of the parasite. Purinergic signaling: NTPD-ases and ecto-5'-nucleotidase helps in parasite survival by modulating the nucleotides levels in the microenvironment. Antibodies: IgG was detected in serum samples of rodents infected with isolates from symptomatic patients as well as patients with symptoms. However, antibody production does not protect against a reinfection. Vaccine candidate targets: The transient receptor potential- like channel of T. vaginalis (TvTRPV), cysteine peptidase, and α-actinin are currently cited as candidate targets for vaccine development. In this context, the understanding of mechanisms involved in the host-T. vaginalis interaction that elicit the immune response may contribute to the development of new targets to combat trichomoniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bongiorni Galego
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Tricomonas, Faculdade de Farmácia e Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tiana Tasca
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Tricomonas, Faculdade de Farmácia e Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * Corresponding Author: Tiana Tasca, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752. 90610-000. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Tel: +555133085325;
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Gu X, Ge Y, Wang Y, Huang C, Yang G, Xie Y, Xu J, He R, Zhong Z, Yang D, He Z, Peng X. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Psoroptes ovis: Molecular Characterization and Potential Role in Eosinophil Accumulation of Skin in Rabbit and Its Implication in the Host-Parasite Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065985. [PMID: 36983058 PMCID: PMC10059829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoroptes ovis, a common surface-living mite of domestic and wild animals worldwide, results in huge economic losses and serious welfare issues in the animal industry. P. ovis infestation rapidly causes massive eosinophil infiltration in skin lesions, and increasing research revealed that eosinophils might play an important role in the pathogenesis of P. ovis infestation. Intradermal injection of P. ovis antigen invoked massive eosinophil infiltration, suggesting that this mite should contain some relative molecules involved in eosinophil accumulation in the skin. However, these active molecules have not yet been identified. Herein, we identified macrophage migration inhibitor factor (MIF) in P. ovis (PsoMIF) using bioinformatics and molecular biology methods. Sequence analyses revealed that PsoMIF appeared with high similarity to the topology of monomer and trimer formation with host MIF (RMSD = 0.28 angstroms and 2.826 angstroms, respectively) but with differences in tautomerase and thiol-protein oxidoreductase active sites. Reverse transcription PCR analysis (qRT-PCR) results showed that PsoMIF was expressed throughout all the developmental stages of P. ovis, particularly with the highest expression in female mites. Immunolocalization revealed that MIF protein located in the ovary and oviduct of female mites and also localized throughout the stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and even basal layers of the epidermis in skin lesions caused by P. ovis. rPsoMIF significantly upregulated eosinophil-related gene expression both in vitro (PBMC: CCL5, CCL11; HaCaT: IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, CCL5, CCL11) and in vivo (rabbit: IL-5, CCL5, CCL11, P-selectin, ICAM-1). Moreover, rPsoMIF could induce cutaneous eosinophil accumulation in a rabbit model and increased the vascular permeability in a mouse model. Our findings indicated that PsoMIF served as one of the key molecules contributing to skin eosinophil accumulation in P. ovis infection of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Gu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - You Ge
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Cuirui Huang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guangyou Yang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ran He
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhi He
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuerong Peng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Basic Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
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Lin L, Xia S, Zhang W, Chen S. Influence of Trichomonas vaginalis macrophage migration inhibitory factor on the proliferation activity of prostate epithelial cell line and its preliminary mechanism. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14397. [PMID: 35191055 DOI: 10.1111/and.14397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the pathogenesis of prostate diseases is still under investigation, but it is generally clinically recognized to be related to the imbalance of prostate cell viability. Trichomonas vaginalis macrophage migration inhibitory factor (TvMIF) has been reported to induce the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells, but for normal PECs, the relationship between them has not been reliably confirmed. Therefore, this research aims to determine the influence of macrophage TvMIF on prostate epithelial cells (PECs) and its preliminary mechanism. The activity of RWPE-1 human normal prostate epithelial cells, the inflammatory response state, the expression of miR-451, and the effect of miR-451 on RWPE-1 were detected after TvMIF intervention. We found that TvMIF can enhance RWPE-1 cell proliferation and activate inflammatory factors by suppressing miR-451, thus taking part in the development and proliferation of diseases such as prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Sheng Xia
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengxia Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis is an anaerobic/microaerophilic protist parasite which causes trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. T. vaginalis not only is important as a human pathogen but also is of great biological interest because of its peculiar cell biology and metabolism, in earlier times fostering the erroneous notion that this microorganism is at the root of eukaryotic evolution. This review summarizes the major advances in the last five years in the T. vaginalis field with regard to genetics, molecular biology, ecology, and pathogenicity of the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Leitsch
- Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Stošić-Grujičić S, Saksida T, Miljković Đ, Stojanović I. MIF and insulin: Lifetime companions from common genesis to common pathogenesis. Cytokine 2019; 125:154792. [PMID: 31400637 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory nature of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been generally related to the propagation of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. But this molecule possesses many other peculiar functions, unrelated to the immune system, among which is its supportive role in the post-translational modifications of insulin. In this way MIF enables proper insulin conformation within the pancreatic beta cell and its full activity. The inherent or acquired changes in MIF expression might therefore lead to different insulin processing and initiation of autoimmunity. The relation between MIF and insulin does not stop at this point; these two molecules continue to interact during pathological states characterized by inflammation and insulin resistance. In this context, MIF indirectly and negatively influences insulin action by boosting inflammatory environment and disabling target cells to respond to insulin. On the other side, insulin might interfere with MIF action as well, acting as an anti-inflammatory mediator. Therefore, the proper interaction between MIF and insulin is crucial for maintaining homeostasis, while anti-inflammatory therapies based on the systemic MIF blockage may disturb this balance. This review covers MIF-insulin relationship in the physiological and pathological conditions and discusses the approaches for MIF inhibition and their net effect specifically considering possible impact on insulin misfolding and the possible misinterpretation of previous results due to the discovery of MIF functional homolog D-dopachrome tautomerase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Stošić-Grujičić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Saksida
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Stojanović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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