1
|
D’Andrea G, Deroma G, Miluzio A, Biffo S. The Paradox of Ribosomal Insufficiency Coupled with Increased Cancer: Shifting the Perspective from the Cancer Cell to the Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2392. [PMID: 39001453 PMCID: PMC11240629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ribosomopathies are defined as inherited diseases in which ribosomal factors are mutated. In general, they present multiorgan symptoms. In spite of the fact that in cellular models, ribosomal insufficiency leads to a reduced rate of oncogenic transformation, patients affected by ribosomopathies present a paradoxical increase in cancer incidence. Several hypotheses that explain this paradox have been formulated, mostly on the assumption that altered ribosomes in a stem cell induce compensatory changes that lead to a cancer cell. For instance, the lack of a specific ribosomal protein can lead to the generation of an abnormal ribosome, an oncoribosome, that itself leads to altered translation and increased tumorigenesis. Alternatively, the presence of ribosomal stress may induce compensatory proliferation that in turns selects the loss of tumor suppressors such as p53. However, modern views on cancer have shifted the focus from the cancer cell to the tumor microenvironment. In particular, it is evident that human lymphocytes are able to eliminate mutant cells and contribute to the maintenance of cancer-free tissues. Indeed, many tumors develop in conditions of reduced immune surveillance. In this review, we summarize the current evidence and attempt to explain cancer and ribosomopathies from the perspective of the microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo D’Andrea
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, INGM Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.D.); (G.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Deroma
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, INGM Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.D.); (G.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Annarita Miluzio
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, INGM Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.D.); (G.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Stefano Biffo
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, INGM Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.D.); (G.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Holmes MJ, Bastos MS, Dey V, Severo V, Wek RC, Sullivan WJ. mRNA cap-binding protein eIF4E1 is a novel regulator of Toxoplasma gondii latency. mBio 2024; 15:e0295423. [PMID: 38747593 PMCID: PMC11237481 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02954-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes serious opportunistic disease due to its ability to persist in patients as latent tissue cysts. The molecular mechanisms coordinating conversion between proliferative parasites (tachyzoites) and latent cysts (bradyzoites) are not fully understood. We previously showed that phosphorylation of eIF2α accompanies bradyzoite formation, suggesting that this clinically relevant process involves regulation of mRNA translation. In this study, we investigated the composition and role of eIF4F multi-subunit complexes in translational control. Using CLIPseq, we find that the cap-binding subunit, eIF4E1, localizes to the 5'-end of all tachyzoite mRNAs, many of which show evidence of stemming from heterogeneous transcriptional start sites. We further show that eIF4E1 operates as the predominant cap-binding protein in two distinct eIF4F complexes. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we found that eIF4E1 deficiency triggers efficient spontaneous formation of bradyzoites without stress induction. Consistent with this result, we also show that stress-induced bradyzoites exhibit reduced eIF4E1 expression. Overall, our findings establish a novel role for eIF4F in translational control required for parasite latency and microbial persistence. IMPORTANCE Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic pathogen important to global human and animal health. There are currently no chemotherapies targeting the encysted form of the parasite. Consequently, a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling encystation is required. Here we show that the mRNA cap-binding protein, eIF4E1, regulates the encystation process. Encysted parasites reduce eIF4E1 levels, and depletion of eIF4E1 decreases the translation of ribosome-associated machinery and drives Toxoplasma encystation. Together, these data reveal a new layer of mRNA translational control that regulates parasite encystation and latency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Holmes
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Matheus S Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Vishakha Dey
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Vanessa Severo
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ronald C Wek
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - William J Sullivan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rossetti S, Broege A, Sen A, Khan S, MacNeil I, Molden J, Kopher R, Schulz S, Laing L. Gedatolisib shows superior potency and efficacy versus single-node PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors in breast cancer models. NPJ Breast Cancer 2024; 10:40. [PMID: 38839777 PMCID: PMC11153628 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-024-00648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The PI3K, AKT, and mTOR (PAM) pathway is frequently dysregulated in breast cancer (BC) to accommodate high catabolic and anabolic activities driving tumor growth. Current therapeutic options for patients with hormone receptor (HR) + / HER2- advanced BC (ABC) include PAM inhibitors that selectively inhibit only one PAM pathway node, which can lead to drug resistance as cells rapidly adapt to maintain viability. We hypothesized that gedatolisib, which potently inhibits all Class I PI3K isoforms, as well as mTORC1 and mTORC2, may be more effective in BC cells than single-node PAM inhibitors by limiting adaptive resistances. By using multiple functional assays, a panel of BC cell lines was evaluated for their sensitivity to four different PAM inhibitors: gedatolisib (pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor), alpelisib (PI3Kα inhibitor), capivasertib (AKT inhibitor), and everolimus (mTORC1 inhibitor). Gedatolisib exhibited more potent and efficacious anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects regardless of the PAM pathway mutational status of the cell lines compared to the single-node PAM inhibitors. The higher efficacy of gedatolisib was confirmed in three-dimensional culture and in BC PDX models. Mechanistically, gedatolisib decreased cell survival, DNA replication, cell migration and invasion, protein synthesis, glucose consumption, lactate production, and oxygen consumption more effectively than the other PAM inhibitors tested. These results indicate that inhibition of multiple PAM pathway nodes by a pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor like gedatolisib may be more effective at inducing anti-tumor activity than single-node PAM inhibitors. A global Phase 3 study is currently evaluating gedatolisib plus fulvestrant with and without palbociclib in patients with HR+/HER2- ABC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Rossetti
- Celcuity, Inc. 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Aaron Broege
- Celcuity, Inc. 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Adrish Sen
- Celcuity, Inc. 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Salmaan Khan
- Celcuity, Inc. 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Ian MacNeil
- Celcuity, Inc. 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Jhomary Molden
- Celcuity, Inc. 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Ross Kopher
- Celcuity, Inc. 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Stephen Schulz
- Celcuity, Inc. 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Lance Laing
- Celcuity, Inc. 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Angel SO, Vanagas L, Alonso AM. Mechanisms of adaptation and evolution in Toxoplasma gondii. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2024; 258:111615. [PMID: 38354788 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2024.111615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Toxoplasma has high host flexibility, infecting all nucleated cells of mammals and birds. This implies that during its infective process the parasite must constantly adapt to different environmental situations, which in turn leads to modifications in its metabolism, regulation of gene transcription, translation of mRNAs and stage specific factors. There are conserved pathways that support these adaptations, which we aim to elucidate in this review. We begin by exploring the widespread epigenetic mechanisms and transcription regulators, continue with the supportive role of Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp), the translation regulation, stress granules, and finish with the emergence of contingency genes in highly variable genomic domains, such as subtelomeres. Within epigenetics, the discovery of a new histone variant of the H2B family (H2B.Z), contributing to T. gondii virulence and differentiation, but also gene expression regulation and its association with the metabolic state of the parasite, is highlighted. Associated with the regulation of gene expression are transcription factors (TFs). An overview of the main findings on TF and development is presented. We also emphasize the role of Hsp90 and Tgj1 in T. gondii metabolic fitness and the regulation of protein translation. Translation regulation is also highlighted as a mechanism for adaptation to conditions encountered by the parasite as well as stress granules containing mRNA and proteins generated in the extracellular tachyzoite. Another important aspect in evolution and adaptability are the subtelomeres because of their high variability and gene duplication rate. Toxoplasma possess multigene families of membrane proteins and contingency genes that are associated with different metabolic stresses. Among them parasite differentiation and environmental stresses stand out, including those that lead tachyzoite to bradyzoite conversion. Finally, we are interested in positioning protozoa as valuable evolution models, focusing on research related to the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis, based on models recently generated, such as extracellular adaptation and ex vivo cyst recrudescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio O Angel
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, INTECH, CONICET-UNSAM, Av. Intendente Marino Km. 8.2, C.C 164, (B7130IIWA), Chascomús, Prov, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Laura Vanagas
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, INTECH, CONICET-UNSAM, Av. Intendente Marino Km. 8.2, C.C 164, (B7130IIWA), Chascomús, Prov, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andres M Alonso
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, INTECH, CONICET-UNSAM, Av. Intendente Marino Km. 8.2, C.C 164, (B7130IIWA), Chascomús, Prov, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hwang SP, Denicourt C. The impact of ribosome biogenesis in cancer: from proliferation to metastasis. NAR Cancer 2024; 6:zcae017. [PMID: 38633862 PMCID: PMC11023387 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of ribosome biogenesis is a hallmark of cancer, facilitating the adaptation to altered translational demands essential for various aspects of tumor progression. This review explores the intricate interplay between ribosome biogenesis and cancer development, highlighting dynamic regulation orchestrated by key oncogenic signaling pathways. Recent studies reveal the multifaceted roles of ribosomes, extending beyond protein factories to include regulatory functions in mRNA translation. Dysregulated ribosome biogenesis not only hampers precise control of global protein production and proliferation but also influences processes such as the maintenance of stem cell-like properties and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, contributing to cancer progression. Interference with ribosome biogenesis, notably through RNA Pol I inhibition, elicits a stress response marked by nucleolar integrity loss, and subsequent G1-cell cycle arrest or cell death. These findings suggest that cancer cells may rely on heightened RNA Pol I transcription, rendering ribosomal RNA synthesis a potential therapeutic vulnerability. The review further explores targeting ribosome biogenesis vulnerabilities as a promising strategy to disrupt global ribosome production, presenting therapeutic opportunities for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sseu-Pei Hwang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Catherine Denicourt
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Joshi K, Luisi B, Wunderlin G, Saleh S, Lilly A, Okusolubo T, Farabaugh PJ. An evolutionarily conserved phosphoserine-arginine salt bridge in the interface between ribosomal proteins uS4 and uS5 regulates translational accuracy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:3989-4001. [PMID: 38340338 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein and protein-rRNA interactions at the interface between ribosomal proteins uS4 and uS5 are thought to maintain the accuracy of protein synthesis by increasing selection of cognate aminoacyl-tRNAs. Selection involves a major conformational change-domain closure-that stabilizes aminoacyl-tRNA in the ribosomal acceptor (A) site. This has been thought a constitutive function of the ribosome ensuring consistent accuracy. Recently, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ctk1 cyclin-dependent kinase was demonstrated to ensure translational accuracy and Ser238 of uS5 proposed as its target. Surprisingly, Ser238 is outside the uS4-uS5 interface and no obvious mechanism has been proposed to explain its role. We show that the true target of Ctk1 regulation is another uS5 residue, Ser176, which lies in the interface opposite to Arg57 of uS4. Based on site specific mutagenesis, we propose that phospho-Ser176 forms a salt bridge with Arg57, which should increase selectivity by strengthening the interface. Genetic data show that Ctk1 regulates accuracy indirectly; the data suggest that the kinase Ypk2 directly phosphorylates Ser176. A second kinase pathway involving TORC1 and Pkc1 can inhibit this effect. The level of accuracy appears to depend on competitive action of these two pathways to regulate the level of Ser176 phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kartikeya Joshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, USA
| | - Brooke Luisi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, USA
| | - Grant Wunderlin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, USA
| | - Sima Saleh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, USA
| | - Anna Lilly
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, USA
| | - Temiloluwa Okusolubo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, USA
| | - Philip J Farabaugh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang J, Yang SG, Zhou FQ. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 signaling in neural regeneration in vivo. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad075. [PMID: 38059848 PMCID: PMC11063957 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) signaling plays important and broad roles in regulating neural development in vitro and in vivo. Here, we reviewed recent findings of GSK3-regulated axon regeneration in vivo in both the peripheral and central nervous systems and discussed a few controversial findings in the field. Overall, current evidence indicates that GSK3β signaling serves as an important downstream mediator of the PI3K-AKT pathway to regulate axon regeneration in parallel with the mTORC1 pathway. Specifically, the mTORC1 pathway supports axon regeneration mainly through its role in regulating cap-dependent protein translation, whereas GSK3β signaling might be involved in regulating N6-methyladenosine mRNA methylation-mediated, cap-independent protein translation. In addition, GSK3 signaling also plays a key role in reshaping the neuronal transcriptomic landscape during neural regeneration. Finally, we proposed some research directions to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory function of GSK3 signaling and discover novel GSK3 signaling-related therapeutic targets. Together, we hope to provide an updated and insightful overview of how GSK3 signaling regulates neural regeneration in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Shu-Guang Yang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Feng-Quan Zhou
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Maclachlan KH, Gitareja K, Kang J, Cuddihy A, Cao Y, Hein N, Cullinane C, Ang CS, Brajanovski N, Pearson RB, Khot A, Sanij E, Hannan RD, Poortinga G, Harrison SJ. Targeting the ribosome to treat multiple myeloma. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200771. [PMID: 38596309 PMCID: PMC10905045 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The high rates of protein synthesis and processing render multiple myeloma (MM) cells vulnerable to perturbations in protein homeostasis. The induction of proteotoxic stress by targeting protein degradation with proteasome inhibitors (PIs) has revolutionized the treatment of MM. However, resistance to PIs is inevitable and represents an ongoing clinical challenge. Our first-in-human study of the selective inhibitor of RNA polymerase I transcription of ribosomal RNA genes, CX-5461, has demonstrated a potential signal for anti-tumor activity in three of six heavily pre-treated MM patients. Here, we show that CX-5461 has potent anti-myeloma activity in PI-resistant MM preclinical models in vitro and in vivo. In addition to inhibiting ribosome biogenesis, CX-5461 causes topoisomerase II trapping and replication-dependent DNA damage, leading to G2/M cell-cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death. Combining CX-5461 with PI does not further enhance the anti-myeloma activity of CX-5461 in vivo. In contrast, CX-5461 shows synergistic interaction with the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat in both the Vk∗MYC and the 5T33-KaLwRij mouse models of MM by targeting ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis through distinct mechanisms. Our findings thus provide strong evidence to facilitate the clinical development of targeting the ribosome to treat relapsed and refractory MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kylee H. Maclachlan
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Hematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kezia Gitareja
- St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine- St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine- St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Cuddihy
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuxi Cao
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Hematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nadine Hein
- The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ching-Seng Ang
- The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie Brajanovski
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard B. Pearson
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amit Khot
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Hematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine- St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross D. Hannan
- The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon J. Harrison
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Hematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim H, Lebeau B, Papadopoli D, Jovanovic P, Russo M, Avizonis D, Morita M, Afzali F, Ursini-Siegel J, Postovit LM, Witcher M, Topisirovic I. MTOR modulation induces selective perturbations in histone methylation which influence the anti-proliferative effects of mTOR inhibitors. iScience 2024; 27:109188. [PMID: 38433910 PMCID: PMC10904987 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging data suggest a significant cross-talk between metabolic and epigenetic programs. However, the relationship between the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is a pivotal metabolic regulator, and epigenetic modifications remains poorly understood. Our results show that mTORC1 activation caused by the abrogation of its negative regulator tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) coincides with increased levels of the histone modification H3K27me3 but not H3K4me3 or H3K9me3. This selective H3K27me3 induction was mediated via 4E-BP-dependent increase in EZH2 protein levels. Surprisingly, mTOR inhibition also selectively induced H3K27me3. This was independent of TSC2, and was paralleled by reduced EZH2 and increased EZH1 protein levels. Notably, the ability of mTOR inhibitors to induce H3K27me3 levels was positively correlated with their anti-proliferative effects. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that both activation and inhibition of mTOR selectively increase H3K27me3 by distinct mechanisms, whereby the induction of H3K27me3 may potentiate the anti-proliferative effects of mTOR inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HaEun Kim
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute, SMBD JGH, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Benjamin Lebeau
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute, SMBD JGH, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - David Papadopoli
- Lady Davis Institute, SMBD JGH, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Predrag Jovanovic
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute, SMBD JGH, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Mariana Russo
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Daina Avizonis
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Masahiro Morita
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Farzaneh Afzali
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Josie Ursini-Siegel
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute, SMBD JGH, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Lynne-Marie Postovit
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Michael Witcher
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute, SMBD JGH, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute, SMBD JGH, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu Y, Kong F, Guo H, Hua Y, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Qadeer A, Xiao Y, Cai Q, Ji S. Drosophila eIF3f1 mediates host immune defense by targeting dTak1. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1415-1435. [PMID: 38279019 PMCID: PMC10933477 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00067-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factors have long been recognized for their critical roles in governing the translation of coding RNAs into peptides/proteins. However, whether they harbor functional activities at the post-translational level remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that eIF3f1 (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f1), which encodes an archetypal deubiquitinase, is essential for the antimicrobial innate immune defense of Drosophila melanogaster. Our in vitro and in vivo evidence indicate that the immunological function of eIF3f1 is dependent on the N-terminal JAMM (JAB1/MPN/Mov34 metalloenzymes) domain. Mechanistically, eIF3f1 physically associates with dTak1 (Drosophila TGF-beta activating kinase 1), a key regulator of the IMD (immune deficiency) signaling pathway, and mediates the turnover of dTak1 by specifically restricting its K48-linked ubiquitination. Collectively, these results provide compelling insight into a noncanonical molecular function of a translation initiation factor that controls the post-translational modification of a target protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Hu
- Center for Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Institutes of Brain Science, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Fanrui Kong
- Center for Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huimin Guo
- Center for Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Biological Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongzhi Hua
- Center for Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yangyang Zhu
- Center for Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chuchu Zhang
- Center for Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Abdul Qadeer
- Center for Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yihua Xiao
- Center for Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qingshuang Cai
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, 67400, France.
| | - Shanming Ji
- Center for Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Di Vona C, Barba L, Ferrari R, de la Luna S. Loss of the DYRK1A Protein Kinase Results in the Reduction in Ribosomal Protein Gene Expression, Ribosome Mass and Reduced Translation. Biomolecules 2023; 14:31. [PMID: 38254631 PMCID: PMC10813206 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) are evolutionary conserved proteins that are essential for protein translation. RP expression must be tightly regulated to ensure the appropriate assembly of ribosomes and to respond to the growth demands of cells. The elements regulating the transcription of RP genes (RPGs) have been characterized in yeast and Drosophila, yet how cells regulate the production of RPs in mammals is less well understood. Here, we show that a subset of RPG promoters is characterized by the presence of the palindromic TCTCGCGAGA motif and marked by the recruitment of the protein kinase DYRK1A. The presence of DYRK1A at these promoters is associated with the enhanced binding of the TATA-binding protein, TBP, and it is negatively correlated with the binding of the GABP transcription factor, establishing at least two clusters of RPGs that could be coordinately regulated. However, DYRK1A silencing leads to a global reduction in RPGs mRNAs, pointing at DYRK1A activities beyond those dependent on its chromatin association. Significantly, cells in which DYRK1A is depleted have reduced RP levels, fewer ribosomes, reduced global protein synthesis and a smaller size. We therefore propose a novel role for DYRK1A in coordinating the expression of genes encoding RPs, thereby controlling cell growth in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Vona
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Barba
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Ferrari
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 23/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
| | - Susana de la Luna
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Concina G, Gurgone A, Boggio EM, Raspanti A, Pizzo R, Morello N, Castroflorio E, Pizzorusso T, Sacchetti B, Giustetto M. Stabilizing Immature Dendritic Spines in the Auditory Cortex: A Key Mechanism for mTORC1-Mediated Enhancement of Long-Term Fear Memories. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8744-8755. [PMID: 37857485 PMCID: PMC10727119 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0204-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has emerged as a key molecular mechanism underlying memory processes. Although mTOR inhibition is known to block memory processes, it remains elusive whether and how an enhancement of mTOR signaling may improve memory processes. Here we found in male mice that the administration of VO-OHpic, an inhibitor of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) that negatively modulates AKT-mTOR pathway, enhanced auditory fear memory for days and weeks, while it left short-term memory unchanged. Memory enhancement was associated with a long-lasting increase in immature-type dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons into the auditory cortex. The persistence of spine remodeling over time arose by the interplay between PTEN inhibition and memory processes, as VO-OHpic induced only a transient immature spine growth in the somatosensory cortex, a region not involved in long-term auditory memory. Both the potentiation of fear memories and increase in immature spines were hampered by rapamycin, a selective inhibitor of mTORC1. These data revealed that memory can be potentiated over time by the administration of a selective PTEN inhibitor. In addition to disclosing new information on the cellular mechanisms underlying long-term memory maintenance, our study provides new insights on the molecular processes that aid enhancing memories over time.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The neuronal mechanisms that may help improve the maintenance of long-term memories are still elusive. The inhibition of mammalian-target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling shows that this pathway plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. However, whether its activation may strengthen long-term memory storage is unclear. We assessed the consequences of positive modulation of AKT-mTOR pathway obtained by VO-OHpic administration, a phosphatase and tensin homolog inhibitor, on memory retention and underlying synaptic modifications. We found that mTOR activation greatly enhanced memory maintenance for weeks by producing a long-lasting increase of immature-type dendritic spines in pyramidal neurons of the auditory cortex. These results offer new insights on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that can aid enhancing memories over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Concina
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy
| | - Antonia Gurgone
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy
| | - Elena M Boggio
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Pizzo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy
| | - Noemi Morello
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, 10125, Italy
| | | | - Tommaso Pizzorusso
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Pisa, 56124, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Biology Laboratory BIO@SNS, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lkhagva-Yondon E, Seo MS, Oh Y, Jung J, Jeon E, Na K, Yoo HS, Kim WC, Esser C, Song SU, Jeon MS. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor controls mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated immunomodulation via ubiquitination of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:812. [PMID: 38071243 PMCID: PMC10710493 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have great therapeutic advantages due to their immunosuppressive properties. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor whose signaling plays an important role in the immune system. AHR may be involved in the regulation of MSC-associated immunomodulatory functions. However, the mechanisms by which AHR controls the immunosuppressive functions of MSCs are not well understood. Here, we report that Ahr-deficient MSCs show decreased therapeutic efficacy against graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) compared to wild-type (WT)-MSCs. This was probably due to decreased iNOS protein expression, which is a key regulatory enzyme in MSC immunomodulation. The expression of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K), which inhibits the elongation stage of protein synthesis, is significantly increased in the Ahr-deficient MSCs. Inhibition of eEF2K restored iNOS protein expression. AHR is known to act as an E3 ligase together with CUL4B. We observed constitutive binding of AHR to eEF2K. Consequently, ubiquitination and degradation of eEF2K were inhibited in Ahr-deficient MSCs and by the AHR antagonist CH223191 in WT-MSCs. In summary, AHR regulates the immunomodulatory functions of MSCs through ubiquitination of eEF2K, thereby controlling iNOS protein synthesis and its product, nitric oxide levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enkhmaa Lkhagva-Yondon
- Translational Research Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Seong Seo
- Translational Research Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yena Oh
- Translational Research Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, College of Medicine Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghun Jung
- Translational Research Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhae Jeon
- Translational Research Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, College of Medicine Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Na
- Translational Research Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seung Yoo
- Translational Research Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, College of Medicine Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Chul Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Charlotte Esser
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, 40021, Germany
| | - Sun U Song
- Translational Research Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, College of Medicine Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
- SCM Lifescience, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Shin Jeon
- Translational Research Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea.
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, College of Medicine Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
- SCM Lifescience, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Delehedde C, Ciganek I, Rameix N, Laroui N, Gonçalves C, Even L, Midoux P, Pichon C. Impact of net charge, targeting ligand amount and mRNA modification on the uptake, intracellular routing and the transfection efficiency of mRNA lipopolyplexes in dendritic cells. Int J Pharm 2023; 647:123531. [PMID: 37863445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Targeting mRNA formulations to achieve cell specificity is one of the challenges that must be tackled to mettle their therapeutic potential. Here, lipopolyplexes (LPR) bearing tri-mannose-lipid (TM) are used to target mannose receptor on dendritic cells. We investigated the impact of the net charge and percentage of TM units on the binding, uptake, transfection efficiency (TE) and RNA sensors activation. Binding and uptake capacities of naked and targeted LPR increase with the percent of cationic lipid, but the latter are 2-fold more up taken by the cells. Cationic LPR bearing 5 % and 10 % TM were localized in acidic compartments in contrast to naked LPR and 2.5 % TM-LPR. The drawback is the dramatic decrease of TE as the number of TM-units increases. Cationic LPR bearing 5 % and 10 % TM strongly induced NF-κB and PKR phosphorylation at 6 h. Conversely, mTOR is less activated in line with their low TE. Those side effects are overcome by using 5-methoxyuridine mRNA resulting in an improved TE due to non-phosphorylation of NF-κB and PKR and mTOR activation. Our results point out that targeting DC via mannose receptor triggers a higher uptake of cationic LPRs and fast routing to acidic compartments, and that efficient TE requires low number of TM units use or modified mRNA to escape RNA sensors activation to enhance the translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Delehedde
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, F-45071, Orléans cedex 02, France; Sanofi R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Ivan Ciganek
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, F-45071, Orléans cedex 02, France
| | - Nathalie Rameix
- Sanofi R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Nabila Laroui
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, F-45071, Orléans cedex 02, France
| | - Cristine Gonçalves
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, F-45071, Orléans cedex 02, France
| | - Luc Even
- Sanofi R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Patrick Midoux
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, F-45071, Orléans cedex 02, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, F-45071, Orléans cedex 02, France; Inserm UMS 55 ART ARNm and University of Orléans, F-45100 Orléans; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, F-75035 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jia W, Yuan J, Li S, Cheng B. The role of dysregulated mRNA translation machinery in cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic value of ribosome-inactivating proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189018. [PMID: 37944831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated protein synthesis is a hallmark of tumors. mRNA translation reprogramming contributes to tumorigenesis, which is fueled by abnormalities in ribosome formation, tRNA abundance and modification, and translation factors. Not only malignant cells but also stromal cells within tumor microenvironment can undergo transformation toward tumorigenic phenotypes during translational reprogramming. Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) have garnered interests for their ability to selectively inhibit protein synthesis and suppress tumor growth. This review summarizes the role of dysregulated translation machinery in tumor development and explores the potential of RIPs in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jia
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200043, China
| | - Jiaying Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China.
| | - Binbin Cheng
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200043, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Aksoylu IS, Martin P, Robert F, Szkop KJ, Redmond NE, Bhattacharyya S, Wang J, Chen S, Beauchamp RL, Nobeli I, Pelletier J, Larsson O, Ramesh V. Translatome analysis of tuberous sclerosis complex 1 patient-derived neural progenitor cells reveals rapamycin-dependent and independent alterations. Mol Autism 2023; 14:39. [PMID: 37880800 PMCID: PMC10601155 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-023-00572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an inherited neurocutaneous disorder caused by mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, with patients often exhibiting neurodevelopmental (ND) manifestations termed TSC-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TAND) including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability. Hamartin (TSC1) and tuberin (TSC2) proteins form a complex inhibiting mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. Loss of TSC1 or TSC2 activates mTORC1 that, among several targets, controls protein synthesis by inhibiting translational repressor eIF4E-binding proteins. Using TSC1 patient-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs), we recently reported early ND phenotypic changes, including increased cell proliferation and altered neurite outgrowth in TSC1-null NPCs, which were unaffected by the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin. METHODS Here, we used polysome profiling, which quantifies changes in mRNA abundance and translational efficiencies at a transcriptome-wide level, to compare CRISPR-edited TSC1-null with CRISPR-corrected TSC1-WT NPCs generated from one TSC donor (one clone/genotype). To assess the relevance of identified gene expression alterations, we performed polysome profiling in postmortem brains from ASD donors and age-matched controls. We further compared effects on translation of a subset of transcripts and rescue of early ND phenotypes in NPCs following inhibition of mTORC1 using the allosteric inhibitor rapamycin versus a third-generation bi-steric, mTORC1-selective inhibitor RMC-6272. RESULTS Polysome profiling of NPCs revealed numerous TSC1-associated alterations in mRNA translation that were largely recapitulated in human ASD brains. Moreover, although rapamycin treatment partially reversed the TSC1-associated alterations in mRNA translation, most genes related to neural activity/synaptic regulation or ASD were rapamycin-insensitive. In contrast, treatment with RMC-6272 inhibited rapamycin-insensitive translation and reversed TSC1-associated early ND phenotypes including proliferation and neurite outgrowth that were unaffected by rapamycin. CONCLUSIONS Our work reveals ample mRNA translation alterations in TSC1 patient-derived NPCs that recapitulate mRNA translation in ASD brain samples. Further, suppression of TSC1-associated but rapamycin-insensitive translation and ND phenotypes by RMC-6272 unveils potential implications for more efficient targeting of mTORC1 as a superior treatment strategy for TAND.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inci S Aksoylu
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pauline Martin
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Francis Robert
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, PQ, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Krzysztof J Szkop
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas E Redmond
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Srirupa Bhattacharyya
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jennifer Wang
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roberta L Beauchamp
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Irene Nobeli
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences,, Birkbeck, University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, PQ, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Ola Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Vijaya Ramesh
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Holmes MJ, Bastos MS, Dey V, Severo V, Wek RC, Sullivan WJ. mRNA cap-binding protein eIF4E1 is a novel regulator of Toxoplasma gondii latency. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.09.561274. [PMID: 37873335 PMCID: PMC10592687 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.09.561274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes serious opportunistic disease due to its ability to persist in patients as latent tissue cysts. The molecular mechanisms coordinating conversion between proliferative parasites (tachyzoites) and dormant cysts (bradyzoites) are not fully understood. We previously showed that phosphorylation of eIF2α accompanies bradyzoite formation, suggesting that this clinically relevant process involves regulation of mRNA translation. In this study, we investigated the composition and role of eIF4F multi-subunit complexes in translational control. Using CLIPseq, we find that the cap-binding subunit, eIF4E1, localizes to the 5'-end of all tachyzoite mRNAs, many of which show evidence of stemming from heterogenous transcriptional start sites. We further show that eIF4E1 operates as the predominant cap-binding protein in two distinct eIF4F complexes. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we found that eIF4E1 deficiency triggers efficient spontaneous formation of bradyzoites without stress induction. Consistent with this result, we also show that stress-induced bradyzoites exhibit reduced eIF4E1 expression. Overall, our findings establish a novel role for eIF4F in translational control required for parasite latency and microbial persistence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Holmes
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Matheus S. Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Vishakha Dey
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Vanessa Severo
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Ronald C. Wek
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - William J. Sullivan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kumar M, Jha AK. Exploring the potential of dietary factors and plant extracts as chemopreventive agents in oral squamous cell carcinoma treatment. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1246873. [PMID: 37859687 PMCID: PMC10582632 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1246873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is a prevalent malignancy having a significant fatality rate worldwide. Despite advancements in conventional treatment modalities, the overall survival rate for OSCC remains low. Therefore, there is a critical need to explore alternative therapeutic approaches that can improve patient outcomes. This review focuses on the potential of dietary factors and plant extracts as chemopreventive agents in treating oral cancer. These compounds possess diverse biological functions encompassing a range of attributes, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer capabilities. By targeting multiple cellular pathways involved in carcinogenesis, they possess the capacity to hinder tumor growth and development, promote programmed cell death, and impede the progression of oral cancer. Signaling pathways targeted by natural compounds that have been included in this review include Akt/mTOR/NF-κB signaling, Hippo-Tafazzin signaling pathway, notch signaling pathway, mitochondrial pathway, and Sonic Hedgehog pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abhimanyu Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu X, Han W, Hu X. Post-transcriptional regulation of myeloid cell-mediated inflammatory responses. Adv Immunol 2023; 160:59-82. [PMID: 38042586 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid cells, particularly macrophages, act as the frontline responders to infectious agents and initiate inflammation. While the molecular mechanisms driving inflammatory responses have primarily focused on pattern recognition by myeloid cells and subsequent transcriptional events, it is crucial to note that post-transcriptional regulation plays a pivotal role in this process. In addition to the transcriptional regulation of innate immune responses, additional layers of intricate network of post-transcriptional mechanisms critically determine the quantity and duration of key inflammatory products and thus the outcome of immune responses. A multitude of mechanisms governing post-transcriptional regulation in innate immunity have been uncovered, encompassing RNA alternative splicing, mRNA stability, and translational regulation. This review encapsulates the current insights into the post-transcriptional regulation of inflammatory genes within myeloid cells, with particular emphasis on translational regulation during inflammation. While acknowledging the advancements, we also shed light on the existing gaps in immunological research pertaining to post-transcriptional levels and propose perspectives that controlling post-transcriptional process may serve as potential targets for therapeutic interventions in inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingxian Liu
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Bio-therapeutic, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China; The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kazyken D, Lentz SI, Wadley M, Fingar DC. Alkaline intracellular pH (pHi) increases PI3K activity to promote mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling and function during growth factor limitation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105097. [PMID: 37507012 PMCID: PMC10477693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The conserved protein kinase mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) responds to diverse environmental cues to control cell metabolism and promote cell growth, proliferation, and survival as part of two multiprotein complexes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2. Our prior work demonstrated that an alkaline intracellular pH (pHi) increases mTORC2 activity and cell survival in complete media in part by activating AMP-activated protein kinase, a kinase best known to sense energetic stress. It is important to note that an alkaline pHi represents an underappreciated hallmark of cancer cells that promotes their oncogenic behaviors. In addition, mechanisms that control mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling and function remain incompletely defined, particularly in response to stress conditions. Here, we demonstrate that an alkaline pHi increases phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity to promote mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling in the absence of serum growth factors. Alkaline pHi increases mTORC1 activity through PI3K-Akt signaling, which mediates inhibitory phosphorylation of the upstream proteins tuberous sclerosis complex 2 and proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa and dissociates tuberous sclerosis complex from lysosomal membranes, thus enabling Rheb-mediated activation of mTORC1. Thus, alkaline pHi mimics growth factor-PI3K signaling. Functionally, we also demonstrate that an alkaline pHi increases cap-dependent protein synthesis through inhibitory phosphorylation of eIF4E binding protein 1 and suppresses apoptosis in a PI3K- and mTOR-dependent manner. We speculate that an alkaline pHi promotes a low basal level of cell metabolism (e.g., protein synthesis) that enables cancer cells within growing tumors to proliferate and survive despite limiting growth factors and nutrients, in part through elevated PI3K-mTORC1 and/or PI3K-mTORC2 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dubek Kazyken
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Stephen I Lentz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maxwell Wadley
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Diane C Fingar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shin S, Han MJ, Jedrychowski MP, Zhang Z, Shokat KM, Plas DR, Dephoure N, Yoon SO. mTOR inhibition reprograms cellular proteostasis by regulating eIF3D-mediated selective mRNA translation and promotes cell phenotype switching. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112868. [PMID: 37494188 PMCID: PMC10528759 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells maintain and dynamically change their proteomes according to the environment and their needs. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of proteostasis, homeostasis of the proteome. Thus, dysregulation of mTOR leads to changes in proteostasis and the consequent progression of diseases, including cancer. Based on the physiological and clinical importance of mTOR signaling, we investigated mTOR feedback signaling, proteostasis, and cell fate. Here, we reveal that mTOR targeting inhibits eIF4E-mediated cap-dependent translation, but feedback signaling activates a translation initiation factor, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3D (eIF3D), to sustain alternative non-canonical translation mechanisms. Importantly, eIF3D-mediated protein synthesis enables cell phenotype switching from proliferative to more migratory. eIF3D cooperates with mRNA-binding proteins such as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F (hnRNPF), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK), and Sjogren syndrome antigen B (SSB) to support selective mRNA translation following mTOR inhibition, which upregulates and activates proteins involved in insulin receptor (INSR)/insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R)/insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and interleukin 6 signal transducer (IL-6ST)/Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling. Our study highlights the mechanisms by which cells establish the dynamic change of proteostasis and the resulting phenotype switch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sejeong Shin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Min-Joon Han
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | | | - Ziyang Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kevan M Shokat
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David R Plas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Noah Dephoure
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sang-Oh Yoon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dong Y, Srour O, Lukhovitskaya N, Makarian J, Baumberger N, Galzitskaya O, Elser D, Schepetilnikov M, Ryabova LA. Functional analogs of mammalian 4E-BPs reveal a role for TOR in global plant translation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112892. [PMID: 37516965 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates global protein synthesis through inactivation of eIF4E-binding proteins (m4E-BPs) in response to nutrient and energy availability. Until now, 4E-BPs have been considered as metazoan inventions, and how target of rapamycin (TOR) controls cap-dependent translation initiation in plants remains obscure. Here, we present short unstructured 4E-BP-like Arabidopsis proteins (4EBP1/4EBP2) that are non-homologous to m4E-BPs except for the eIF4E-binding motif and TOR phosphorylation sites. Unphosphorylated 4EBPs exhibit strong affinity toward eIF4Es and can inhibit formation of the cap-binding complex. Upon TOR activation, 4EBPs are phosphorylated, probably when bound directly to TOR, and likely relocated to ribosomes. 4EBPs can suppress a distinct set of mRNAs; 4EBP2 predominantly inhibits translation of core cell-cycle regulators CycB1;1 and CycD1;1, whereas 4EBP1 interferes with chlorophyll biosynthesis. Accordingly, 4EBP2 overexpression halts early seedling development, which is overcome by induction of Glc/Suc-TOR signaling. Thus, TOR regulates cap-dependent translation initiation by inactivating atypical 4EBPs in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Dong
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes UPR2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ola Srour
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes UPR2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nina Lukhovitskaya
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes UPR2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joelle Makarian
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes UPR2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Baumberger
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes UPR2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Oxana Galzitskaya
- Institute of Protein Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - David Elser
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes UPR2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mikhail Schepetilnikov
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes UPR2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Lyubov A Ryabova
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes UPR2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ocker M, Neureiter D. Gene expression inhibitors for the treatment of liver fibrosis: drugs under preclinical and early clinical investigation. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023; 32:1133-1141. [PMID: 37997755 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2288075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liver fibrosis represents an unmet medical condition with growing incidence and only limited therapeutic options. Interfering with dysregulated gene expression was considered a specific treatment approach, and we are here reviewing the current options to modulate transcription and translation with small molecule inhibitors of involved enzymes, transcription factors or by using non-coding RNA molecules (RNA interference) or DNA antisense oligonucleotides. Despite promising results in preclinical models, only limited data are available from studies in humans. AREAS COVERED This expert opinion provides a general overview of how to interfere with gene expression (transcription and translation) and highlighting recent achievements in liver fibrosis. EXPERT OPINION Many compounds that were explored to modulate gene expression in liver fibrosis (models) were developed as anti-cancer agents. Their use in humans with impaired liver function is often impaired by the lack of specificity to inhibit only fibrosis-related genes in the liver and by associated general toxicity and narrow therapeutic windows. RNAi approaches show a higher degree of specificity and potentially less systemic toxicity. Clinical development in liver fibrosis requires close interaction between pharmaceutical companies and regulatory authorities to address topics like relevant (surrogate) endpoints to achieve meaningful readouts faster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Ocker
- Medical Department, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- EO Translational Insights Consulting GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Tacalyx GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Neureiter
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Barros GC, Guerrero S, Silva GM. The central role of translation elongation in response to stress. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:959-969. [PMID: 37318088 PMCID: PMC11160351 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Protein synthesis is essential to support homeostasis, and thus, must be highly regulated during cellular response to harmful environments. All stages of translation are susceptible to regulation under stress, however, the mechanisms involved in translation regulation beyond initiation have only begun to be elucidated. Methodological advances enabled critical discoveries on the control of translation elongation, highlighting its important role in translation repression and the synthesis of stress-response proteins. In this article, we discuss recent findings on mechanisms of elongation control mediated by ribosome pausing and collisions and the availability of tRNAs and elongation factors. We also discuss how elongation intersects with distinct modes of translation control, further supporting cellular viability and gene expression reprogramming. Finally, we highlight how several of these pathways are reversibly regulated, emphasizing the dynamics of translation control during stress-response progression. A comprehensive understanding of translation regulation under stress will produce fundamental knowledge of protein dynamics while opening new avenues and strategies to overcome dysregulated protein production and cellular sensitivity to stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gustavo M. Silva
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Lead contact
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jones JA, Wei N, Cui H, Shi Y, Fu G, Rauniyar N, Shapiro R, Morodomi Y, Berenst N, Dumitru CD, Kanaji S, Yates JR, Kanaji T, Yang XL. Nuclear translocation of an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase may mediate a chronic "integrated stress response". Cell Rep 2023; 42:112632. [PMID: 37314928 PMCID: PMC10592355 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Various stress conditions are signaled through phosphorylation of translation initiation factor eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) to inhibit global translation while selectively activating transcription factor ATF4 to aid cell survival and recovery. However, this integrated stress response is acute and cannot resolve lasting stress. Here, we report that tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS), a member of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family that responds to diverse stress conditions through cytosol-nucleus translocation to activate stress-response genes, also inhibits global translation. However, it occurs at a later stage than eIF2α/ATF4 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) responses. Excluding TyrRS from the nucleus over-activates translation and increases apoptosis in cells under prolonged oxidative stress. Nuclear TyrRS transcriptionally represses translation genes by recruiting TRIM28 and/or NuRD complex. We propose that TyrRS, possibly along with other family members, can sense a variety of stress signals through intrinsic properties of this enzyme and strategically located nuclear localization signal and integrate them by nucleus translocation to effect protective responses against chronic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Jones
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Haissi Cui
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guangsen Fu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Navin Rauniyar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ryan Shapiro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yosuke Morodomi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nadine Berenst
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Calin Dan Dumitru
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sachiko Kanaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Taisuke Kanaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alard A, Katsara O, Rios-Fuller T, Parra CDL, Ozerdem U, Ernlund A, Schneider RJ. Breast cancer cell mesenchymal transition and metastasis directed by DAP5/eIF3d-mediated selective mRNA translation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112646. [PMID: 37314929 PMCID: PMC10895648 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell plasticity enables cell survival in harsh physiological environments and fate transitions such as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that underlies invasion and metastasis. Using genome-wide transcriptomic and translatomic studies, an alternate mechanism of cap-dependent mRNA translation by the DAP5/eIF3d complex is shown to be essential for metastasis, EMT, and tumor directed angiogenesis. DAP5/eIF3d carries out selective translation of mRNAs encoding EMT transcription factors and regulators, cell migration integrins, metalloproteinases, and cell survival and angiogenesis factors. DAP5 is overexpressed in metastatic human breast cancers associated with poor metastasis-free survival. In human and murine breast cancer animal models, DAP5 is not required for primary tumor growth but is essential for EMT, cell migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and resistance to anoikis. Thus, cancer cell mRNA translation involves two cap-dependent mRNA translation mechanisms, eIF4E/mTORC1 and DAP5/eIF3d. These findings highlight a surprising level of plasticity in mRNA translation during cancer progression and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Alard
- Department of Microbiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Olga Katsara
- Department of Microbiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | | | - Ugur Ozerdem
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Amanda Ernlund
- Department of Microbiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Robert J Schneider
- Department of Microbiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Folgado-Marco V, Ames K, Chuen J, Gritsman K, Baker NE. Haploinsufficiency of the essential gene Rps12 causes defects in erythropoiesis and hematopoietic stem cell maintenance. eLife 2023; 12:e69322. [PMID: 37272618 PMCID: PMC10287158 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal protein (Rp) gene haploinsufficiency can result in Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA), characterized by defective erythropoiesis and skeletal defects. Some mouse Rp mutations recapitulate DBA phenotypes, although others lack erythropoietic or skeletal defects. We generated a conditional knockout mouse to partially delete Rps12. Homozygous Rps12 deletion resulted in embryonic lethality. Mice inheriting the Rps12KO/+ genotype had growth and morphological defects, pancytopenia, and impaired erythropoiesis. A striking reduction in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitors in the bone marrow (BM) was associated with decreased ability to repopulate the blood system after competitive and non-competitive BM transplantation. Rps12KO/+ lost HSC quiescence, experienced ERK and MTOR activation, and increased global translation in HSC and progenitors. Post-natal heterozygous deletion of Rps12 in hematopoietic cells using Tal1-Cre-ERT also resulted in pancytopenia with decreased HSC numbers. However, post-natal Cre-ERT induction led to reduced translation in HSCs and progenitors, suggesting that this is the most direct consequence of Rps12 haploinsufficiency in hematopoietic cells. Thus, RpS12 has a strong requirement in HSC function, in addition to erythropoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristina Ames
- Department of Medical Oncology, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Jacky Chuen
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Kira Gritsman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Nicholas E Baker
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Germano CA, Clemente G, Storniolo A, Romeo MA, Ferretti E, Cirone M, Di Renzo L. mTORC1/ERK1/2 Interplay Regulates Protein Synthesis and Survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Lines. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050676. [PMID: 37237490 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
mTOR is constitutively activated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, as indicated by the phosphorylation of its substrates, 4EBP1 and P70S6K. Here, we found that quercetin (Q) and rapamycin (Rap) inhibited P70S6K phosphorylation, partially dephosphorylated 4EBP1, and activated ERK1/2 in U937 and THP1, two leukemia cell lines. ERK1/2 inhibition by U0126 induced a stronger dephosphorylation of mTORC1 substrates and activated AKT. The concomitant inhibition of ERK1/2 and AKT further dephosphorylated 4EBP1 and further increased Q- or Rap-mediated cytotoxicity, compared to the single ERK1/2 or AKT inhibition in cells undergoing Q- or Rap-treatments. Moreover, quercetin or rapamycin reduced autophagy, particularly when used in combination with the ERK1/2 inhibitor, U0126. This effect was not dependent on TFEB localization in nuclei or cytoplasm or on the transcription of different autophagy genes, but did correlate with the reduction in protein translation due to a strong eIF2α-Ser51 phosphorylation. Thus, ERK1/2, by limiting 4EBP1 de-phosphorylation and eIF2α phosphorylation, behaves as a paladin of protein synthesis. Based on these findings, the combined inhibition of mTORC1, ERK1/2, and AKT should be considered in treatment of AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Anna Germano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Clemente
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Storniolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Anele Romeo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Di Renzo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Montiel-Dávalos A, Ayala Y, Hernández G. The dark side of mRNA translation and the translation machinery in glioblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1086964. [PMID: 36994107 PMCID: PMC10042294 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1086964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the different types of cancer affecting the central nervous system (CNS), glioblastoma (GB) is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the most common and aggressive CNS cancer in adults. GB incidence is more frequent among persons aged 45–55 years old. GB treatments are based on tumor resection, radiation, and chemotherapies. The current development of novel molecular biomarkers (MB) has led to a more accurate prediction of GB progression. Moreover, clinical, epidemiological, and experimental studies have established genetic variants consistently associated with the risk of suffering GB. However, despite the advances in these fields, the survival expectancy of GB patients is still shorter than 2 years. Thus, fundamental processes inducing tumor onset and progression remain to be elucidated. In recent years, mRNA translation has been in the spotlight, as its dysregulation is emerging as a key cause of GB. In particular, the initiation phase of translation is most involved in this process. Among the crucial events, the machinery performing this phase undergoes a reconfiguration under the hypoxic conditions in the tumor microenvironment. In addition, ribosomal proteins (RPs) have been reported to play translation-independent roles in GB development. This review focuses on the research elucidating the tight relationship between translation initiation, the translation machinery, and GB. We also summarize the state-of-the-art drugs targeting the translation machinery to improve patients’ survival. Overall, the recent advances in this field are shedding new light on the dark side of translation in GB.
Collapse
|
30
|
Translational Control of Metabolism and Cell Cycle Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054885. [PMID: 36902316 PMCID: PMC10002961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a metabolic hub characterized by high levels of protein synthesis. Eukaryotic initiation factors, eIFs, control the first phase of translation, initiation. Initiation factors are essential for tumor progression and, since they regulate the translation of specific mRNAs downstream of oncogenic signaling cascades, may be druggable. In this review, we address the issue of whether the massive translational machinery of liver cells contributes to liver pathology and to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); it represents a valuable biomarker and druggable target. First, we observe that the common markers of HCC cells, such as phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6, belong to the ribosomal and translational apparatus. This fact is in agreement with observations that demonstrate a huge amplification of the ribosomal machinery during the progression to HCC. Some translation factors, such as eIF4E and eIF6, are then harnessed by oncogenic signaling. In particular, the action of eIF4E and eIF6 is particularly important in HCC when driven by fatty liver pathologies. Indeed, both eIF4E and eIF6 amplify at the translational level the production and accumulation of fatty acids. As it is evident that abnormal levels of these factors drive cancer, we discuss their therapeutic value.
Collapse
|
31
|
Huang Q, Chen C, Chen W, Cai C, Xing H, Li J, Li M, Ma S. Cell type- and region-specific translatomes in an MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 180:106105. [PMID: 36977454 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, characterized by the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons (DANs), involving the dysregulation of both neurons and glial cells. Cell type- and region-specific gene expression profiles can provide an effective source for revealing the mechanisms of PD. In this study, we adopted the RiboTag approach to obtain cell type (DAN, microglia, astrocytes)- and brain region (substantia nigra, caudate-putamen)-specific translatomes at an early stage in an MPTP-induced mouse model of PD. Through DAN-specific translatome analysis, the glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process was identified as a significantly downregulated pathway in the MPTP-treated mice. ST8Sia6, a key downregulated gene related to glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, was confirmed to be downregulated in nigral DANs from postmortem brains of patients with PD. Specific expression of ST8Sia6 in DANs exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in MPTP-treated mice. Through cell type (microglia vs. astrocyte) and brain region (substantia nigra vs. caudate-putamen) comparisons, nigral microglia showed the most intense immune responses. Microglia and astrocytes in the substantia nigra showed similar levels of activation in interferon-related pathways and interferon gamma (IFNG) was identified as the top upstream regulator in both cell types. This work highlights that the glycosphingolipid metabolism pathway in the DAN is involved in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in an MPTP mouse model of PD and provides a new data source for elucidating the pathogenesis of PD.
Collapse
|
32
|
Sun Y, Tang L, Wu C, Wang J, Wang C. RSK inhibitors as potential anticancer agents: Discovery, optimization, and challenges. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 251:115229. [PMID: 36898330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) family is a group of serine/threonine kinases, including four isoforms (RSK1/2/3/4). As a downstream effector of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (Ras-MAPK) pathway, RSK participates in many physiological activities such as cell growth, proliferation, and migration, and is intimately involved in tumor occurrence and development. As a result, it is recognized as a potential target for anti-cancer and anti-resistance therapies. There have been several RSK inhibitors discovered or designed in recent decades, but only two have entered clinical trials. Low specificity, low selectivity, and poor pharmacokinetic properties in vivo limit their clinical translation. Published studies performed structure optimization by increasing interaction with RSK, avoiding hydrolysis of pharmacophores, eliminating chirality, adapting to binding site shape, and becoming prodrugs. Besides enhancing efficacy, the focus of further design will move towards selectivity since there are functional differences among RSK isoforms. This review summarized the types of cancers associated with RSK, along with the structural characteristics and optimization process of the reported RSK inhibitors. Furthermore, we addressed the importance of RSK inhibitors' selectivity and discussed future drug development directions. This review is expected to shed light on the emergence of RSK inhibitors with high potency, specificity, and selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lichao Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, 60208, IL, United States
| | - Chengyong Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Chengdi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nguyen TU, Hector H, Pederson EN, Lin J, Ouyang Z, Wendel HG, Singh K. Rapamycin-Induced Feedback Activation of eIF4E-EIF4A Dependent mRNA Translation in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1444. [PMID: 36900235 PMCID: PMC10001351 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer cells adapt molecular mechanisms to activate the protein synthesis to support tumor growth. This study reports the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin's specific and genome-wide effect on mRNA translation. Using ribosome footprinting in pancreatic cancer cells that lack the expression of 4EBP1, we establish the effect of mTOR-S6-dependent mRNAs translation. Rapamycin inhibits the translation of a subset of mRNAs including p70-S6K and proteins involved in the cell cycle and cancer cell growth. In addition, we identify translation programs that are activated following mTOR inhibition. Interestingly, rapamycin treatment results in the translational activation of kinases that are involved in mTOR signaling such as p90-RSK1. We further show that phospho-AKT1 and phospho-eIF4E are upregulated following mTOR inhibition suggesting a feedback activation of translation by rapamycin. Next, targeting eIF4E and eIF4A-dependent translation by using specific eIF4A inhibitors in combination with rapamycin shows significant growth inhibition in pancreatic cancer cells. In short, we establish the specific effect of mTOR-S6 on translation in cells lacking 4EBP1 and show that mTOR inhibition leads to feedback activation of translation via AKT-RSK1-eIF4E signals. Therefore, targeting translation downstream of mTOR presents a more efficient therapeutic strategy in pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trang Uyen Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Harrison Hector
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Eric Nels Pederson
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jianan Lin
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Zhengqing Ouyang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Hans-Guido Wendel
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kamini Singh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu B, Zhang J, Meng X, Xie SM, Liu F, Chen H, Yao D, Li M, Guo M, Shen H, Zhang X, Xing L. HDAC6-G3BP2 promotes lysosomal-TSC2 and suppresses mTORC1 under ETV4 targeting-induced low-lactate stress in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2023; 42:1181-1195. [PMID: 36823378 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
TSC-mTORC1 inhibition-mediated translational reprogramming is a major adaptation mechanism upon many stresses, such as low-oxygen, -ATP, and -amino acids. But how cancer cells hijack the adaptive pathway to survive under low-lactate stress when targeting glycolysis-related signaling remains uncertain. ETV4 is an oncogenic transcription factor frequently dysregulated in human cancer. We previously found that ETV4 is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we report that ETV4 controls HK1 expression and glycolysis-lactate production to activate mTORC1 by relieving TSC2 repression of Rheb in NSCLC cells. Targeting ETV4-induced low-lactate stress is an important input for TSC2 to inhibit mTORC1 and global protein synthesis, while the core stress granule components G3BP2 and HDAC6 are selectively translated. Mechanistically, G3BP2 recruits lysosomal-TSC2 to suppress mTORC1. HDAC6 deacetylates TSC2 to sustain protein stability and associates with G3BP2 to facilitate more recruiting of TSC2 to inactivate mTORC1. In addition, the microtubule retrograde transport activity of HDAC6 drives the aggregate-like perinuclear-mTOR distribution paralleled by lower mTORC1 activity under stress. Thus, HDAC6-G3BP2 is the key complex that promotes lysosomal-TSC2 and suppresses mTORC1 when targeting ETV4, which might represent a critical adaptive mechanism for cell survival under low-lactate challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Jiaxi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Xue Meng
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Shelly M Xie
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Heli Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Demin Yao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Minglei Li
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Minghui Guo
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.,Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.,Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.,Department of Pathology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Lingxiao Xing
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China. .,Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kochavi A, Lovecchio D, Faller WJ, Agami R. Proteome diversification by mRNA translation in cancer. Mol Cell 2023; 83:469-480. [PMID: 36521491 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
mRNA translation is a highly conserved and tightly controlled mechanism for protein synthesis and is well known to be altered by oncogenes to promote cancer development. This distorted mRNA translation is accompanied by the vulnerability of cancer to inhibitors of key mRNA translation components. Novel studies also suggest that these alternations could be utilized for immunotherapy. Ribosome heterogeneity and alternative responses to nutrient shortages, which aid cancer growth and spread, are proposed to elicit aberrant protein production but may also result in previously unidentified therapeutic targets, such as the presentation of cancer-specific peptides at the surface of cancer cells (neoepitopes). This review will assess the driving forces in tRNA and ribosome function that underlie proteome diversification due to alterations in mRNA translation in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adva Kochavi
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Domenica Lovecchio
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands
| | - William James Faller
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reuven Agami
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands; Erasmus MC, Rotterdam University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bai Y, Chen X, Qu A, Liu Y, Zhao J, Ke Q, Pu F, Wu L, Chi H, Gong H, Zhou T, Xu P. Identification and Expression Analysis of LncRNAs Reveal the Immune Mechanism of Visceral White-Nodules Disease Resistance in Large Yellow Croaker. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:57-69. [PMID: 36401080 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have several known functions in fish growth processes and signal transduction, but their possible roles in response to bacterial diseases remain largely unresolved. In this study, we report a comprehensive cold-water bacterial disease-responsive lncRNA expression profile for understanding the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of visceral white-nodules disease resistance in large yellow croaker. A total of 2534 high-confidence lncRNAs were identified by a rigorous filtering pipeline as a basic sequence set for comparative transcriptional analysis. In addition, a total of 10,200 lncRNA-mRNA pairs with high correlation coefficients were identified by expressions level correlation analysis, including non-redundant 381 DE lncRNAs and 2590 differential expressed genes. MSTRG_11084_1 and MSTRG_20402_1 were linked to a large number of target genes and may be involved in important functions in immune regulation. We further revealed the conserved and idiosyncratic features of the disease response process between the technical control strain (TCS) and the resistant strain (RS). Immune-related pathways were enriched in GO terms and KEGG pathways, among which cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, MAPK signaling pathway, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway may play a key role in VWND resistance in large yellow croaker. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis revealed that immune-related target genes such as il-10, met, acta2, myc, cav1, and ntrk1, as well as growth and metabolism-related target genes such as pik3r2, igf1, sc5d, hmgcr, and lss were considered the main hub genes. This study represents the first characterization of lncRNAs involved in VWND resistance in large yellow croaker and provides new clues for elucidating the disease response mechanism of large yellow croaker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Bai
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xintong Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ang Qu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ji Zhao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Qiaozhen Ke
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352130, China
| | - Fei Pu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Linni Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hongshu Chi
- Biotechnology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Biotechnology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352130, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
eIF4A1 Is a Prognostic Marker and Actionable Target in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032055. [PMID: 36768380 PMCID: PMC9917075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver tumor with high lethality and increasing incidence worldwide. While tumor resection or liver transplantation is effective in the early stages of the disease, the therapeutic options for advanced HCC remain limited and the benefits are temporary. Thus, novel therapeutic targets and more efficacious treatments against this deadly cancer are urgently needed. Here, we investigated the pathogenetic and therapeutic role of eukaryotic initiation factor 4A1 (eIF4A1) in this tumor type. We observed consistent eIF4A1 upregulation in HCC lesions compared with non-tumorous surrounding liver tissues. In addition, eIF4A1 levels were negatively correlated with the prognosis of HCC patients. In HCC lines, the exposure to various eIF4A inhibitors triggered a remarkable decline in proliferation and augmented apoptosis, paralleled by the inhibition of several oncogenic pathways. Significantly, anti-growth effects were achieved at nanomolar concentrations of the eIF4A1 inhibitors and were further increased by the simultaneous administration of the pan mTOR inhibitor, Rapalink-1. In conclusion, our results highlight the pathogenetic relevance of eIF4A1 in HCC and recommend further evaluation of the potential usefulness of pharmacological combinations based on eIF4A and mTOR inhibitors in treating this aggressive tumor.
Collapse
|
38
|
Kim HS, Pickering AM. Protein translation paradox: Implications in translational regulation of aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1129281. [PMID: 36711035 PMCID: PMC9880214 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1129281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein translation is an essential cellular process playing key roles in growth and development. Protein translation declines over the course of age in multiple animal species, including nematodes, fruit flies, mice, rats, and even humans. In all these species, protein translation transiently peaks in early adulthood with a subsequent drop over the course of age. Conversely, lifelong reductions in protein translation have been found to extend lifespan and healthspan in multiple animal models. These findings raise the protein synthesis paradox: age-related declines in protein synthesis should be detrimental, but life-long reductions in protein translation paradoxically slow down aging and prolong lifespan. This article discusses the nature of this paradox and complies an extensive body of work demonstrating protein translation as a modulator of lifespan and healthspan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harper S. Kim
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics (CNET), Department of Neurology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Andrew M. Pickering
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics (CNET), Department of Neurology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Anti-Inflammatory Actions of G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 (GPER) and Brain-Derived Estrogen Following Cerebral Ischemia in Ovariectomized Rats. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010099. [PMID: 36671793 PMCID: PMC9855882 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia can elicit rapid innate neuroprotective mechanisms that protect against delayed neuronal death. Brain-derived 17β-estradiol (BDE2), an endogenous neuroprotectant, is synthesized from testosterone by the enzyme aromatase (Aro) and is upregulated by brain ischemia and inflammation. Our recent study revealed that G1, a specific G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER) agonist, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic roles after global cerebral ischemia (GCI). Herein, we aimed to elucidate whether G1 modulates the early inflammatory process and the potential underlying mechanisms in the ovariectomized rat hippocampal CA1 region. G1 was found to markedly reduce pro-inflammatory (iNOS, MHCII, and CD68) and to enhance anti-inflammatory (CD206, Arginase 1, IL1RA, PPARγ, and BDNF) markers after 1 and 3 days of reperfusion after GCI. Intriguingly, the neuroprotection of G1 was blocked by the Aro inhibitor, letrozole. Conversely, the GPER antagonist, G36, inhibited Aro-BDE2 signaling and exacerbated neuronal damage. As a whole, this work demonstrates a novel anti-inflammatory role of GPER, involving a synergistic mediation with BDE2 during the early stage of GCI.
Collapse
|
40
|
Khan R, Kulasiri D, Samarasinghe S. A multifarious exploration of synaptic tagging and capture hypothesis in synaptic plasticity: Development of an integrated mathematical model and computational experiments. J Theor Biol 2023; 556:111326. [PMID: 36279957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The synaptic tagging and capture (STC) hypothesis not only explain the integration and association of synaptic activities, but also the formation of learning and memory. The synaptic pathways involved in the synaptic tagging and capture phenomenon are called STC pathways. The STC hypothesis provides a potential explanation of the neuronal and synaptic processes underlying the synaptic consolidation of memories. Several mechanisms and molecules have been proposed to explain the process of memory allocation and synaptic tags, respectively. However, a clear link between the STC hypothesis and memory allocation is still missing because the encoding of memories in neural circuits is mainly associated with strongly recurrently connected groups of neurons. To explore the mechanisms of potential synaptic tagging candidates and their involvement in the process of memory allocation, we develop a mathematical model for a single dendritic spine based on five essential criteria of a synaptic tag. By developing a mathematical model, we attempt to understand the roles of the potentially critical molecular networks underlying the STC and the essential attributes of a synaptic tag. We include essential memory molecules in the STC model that have been identified in earlier studies as crucial for STC pathways. CaMKII activation is critical for the setting of the initial tag; however, coordinated activities with other kinases and the biochemical pathways are necessary for the tag to be stable. PKA modulates NMDAR-mediated Ca2+ signalling. Similarly, PKA and ERK crosstalk is essential for Ca2+ - mediated protein synthesis during l-LTP. Our theoretical model explains the quantitative contribution of Tags and protein synthesis during l-LTP in synaptic strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raheel Khan
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Department of Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - D Kulasiri
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Department of Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - S Samarasinghe
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Department of Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Proteomic Analysis of Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells to Identify Cellular Targets of the Anticancer Pigment OR3 from Streptomyces coelicolor JUACT03. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:236-252. [PMID: 36070163 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Search for ideal compounds with known pathways of anticancer mechanism is still a priority research focus for cancer, as it continues to be a major health challenge across the globe. Hence, in the present study, anticancer potential of a yellow pigment fraction, OR3, isolated from Streptomyces coelicolor JUACT03 was assessed on the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. TLC-fractionated OR3 pigment was subjected to HPLC and GC-MS analysis for characterization and identification of the bioactive component. MCF-7 cells were treated with IC50 concentration of OR3 and the molecular alterations were analyzed using mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic analysis. Bioinformatics tools such as STRING analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis were performed to analyze proteomics data and to identify dysregulated signaling pathways. As per our obtained data, OR3 treatment decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptotic cell death due to significant dysregulation of protein expressions in MCF-7 cells. Altered expression included the ribosomal, mRNA processing and vesicle-mediated transport proteins as a result of OR3 treatment. Downregulation of MAPK proteins, NFkB, and estradiol signaling was identified in OR3-treated MCF-7 cells. Mainly eIF2, mTOR, and eIF4 signaling pathways were altered in OR3-treated cells. GC-MS data indicated the presence of novel compounds in OR3 fraction. It can be concluded that OR3 exhibits potent anticancer activity on the breast cancer cells mainly through altering the expression and affecting the signaling proteins which are involved in different cell proliferation/apoptotic pathways thereby causing inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, survival and metastasis.
Collapse
|
42
|
Harada K, Matsuoka H, Inoue M. Immunocytochemistry of Acutely Isolated Adrenal Medullary Chromaffin Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2565:35-42. [PMID: 36205885 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2671-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Immunocytochemistry enables the detection and localization of proteins in cells that are acutely dissociated or in culture. There are advantages and disadvantages to the use of cultured cells for immunocytochemistry. One of the advantages is that cultured cells can be used for one or more weeks after the dissociation of cells, whereas one of the disadvantages is that the properties of cells in culture might change under artificial conditions. On the other hand, acutely dissociated cells are expected to have the original properties of cells because almost all procedures before fixation, except for enzymatic digestion, are carried out at low temperatures. Here, we describe how adrenal medullary cells of small animals are acutely dissociated for immunostaining.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Harada
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | | | - Masumi Inoue
- University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Kitakyushu, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kong F, Zhang Y, Wang T, Zhong L, Feng C, Wu Y. Repeated sevoflurane exposures inhibit neurogenesis by inducing the upregulation of glutamate transporter 1 in astrocytes. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 57:217-232. [PMID: 36440503 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sevoflurane is a widely used general anaesthetic in paediatric patients. Although repeated sevoflurane exposure is known to cause neurodevelopmental disorders in children, the mechanism of this neurotoxicity remains largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the role of glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) in sevoflurane-induced decreased neurogenesis. Neonatal rat pups (postnatal Day 7, PN7) were exposed to 3% sevoflurane for 2 h for three consecutive days. Neuron loss and decreased neurogenesis have been observed in the neonatal rat brain, along with decreased number of astrocytes. Apoptotic astrocytes were observed after repeated sevoflurane exposure in vitro, resulting in decreased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Calcium overload was observed in astrocytes after repeated sevoflurane exposure, in addition to upregulation of GLT1. Inhibition of GLT1 activity ameliorates repeated sevoflurane exposure-induced cognitive deficits in adult rats. Mechanically, the upregulation of GLT1 was caused by the activation of mRNA translation. RNA-sequencing analysis further confirmed that translation-related genes were activated by repeated sevoflurane exposure. These results indicate that cognitive deficits caused by repeated sevoflurane exposure during PN7-9 are triggered decreased neurogenesis. The proposed underlying mechanism involves upregulation of apoptosis in astrocytes induced by GLT1; therefore, we propose GLT1 as a potential pharmacological target for brain injury in paediatric practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Endocrine Department of Liyuan Hospital; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yuan Z, Cai J, Du Q, Ma Q, Xu L, Cai Y, Zhong X, Guo X. Chloroquine Sensitizes Esophageal Carcinoma EC109 Cells to Paclitaxel by Inhibiting Autophagy. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2023; 33:43-53. [PMID: 37522544 DOI: 10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2023046722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
As an autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine (CQ) showed anti-tumor effect on several types of cancer and paclitaxel (PTX) is widely used in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma patients, but chemoresistance remains a major hurdle for PTX application due to the cytoprotective autophagy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether CQ could elevate the anti-tumor effect of PTX on esophageal carcinoma cell line EC109 and explore the potential molecular mechanisms. We confirmed the suppressive effect of PTX on EC109 by MTT, scratch test, transwell and soft agar assay. And, we detected the key proteins in Akt/mTOR pathway, as well as the autophagy marker LC3 and p62 through Western Blot. In addition, GFP-LC3 plasmid was transfected into EC109 cells to monitor the autophagosome after CQ and PTX treatment. Ultimately, we observed the alterations in the proliferation and colony formation abilities of EC109 after knocking down mTOR by shRNA. We confirmed PTX could suppress the proliferation, migration and colony formation (all P < 0.05) abilities of EC109, and CQ could sensitize the inhibition effect of PTX by inhibiting autophagy through Akt/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, inhibiting Akt/mTOR pathway initiated autophagy and enhanced the sensitivity of EC109 to CQ and PTX. In summary, we suggest CQ could be used as a potential chemosensitizer for PTX in esophageal carcinoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zichun Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Jiajing Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Qin Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China; Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowu Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China; Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China; Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Deubiquitinase OTUD1 Resolves Stalled Translation on polyA and Rare Codon Rich mRNAs. Mol Cell Biol 2022; 42:e0026522. [PMID: 36445135 PMCID: PMC9753717 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00265-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OTUD1 is a deubiquitinating enzyme involved in many cellular processes including cancer and innate, immune signaling pathways. Here, we perform a proximity labeling-based interactome study that identifies OTUD1 largely present in the translation and RNA metabolism protein complexes. Biochemical analysis validates OTUD1 association with ribosome subunits, elongation factors and the E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNF598 but not with the translation initiation machinery. OTUD1 catalytic activity suppresses polyA triggered ribosome stalling through inhibition of ZNF598-mediated RPS10 ubiquitination and stimulates formation of polysomes. Finally, analysis of gene expression suggests that OTUD1 regulates the stability of rare codon rich mRNAs by antagonizing ZNF598.
Collapse
|
46
|
Martínez-Férriz A, Ferrando A, Fathinajafabadi A, Farràs R. Ubiquitin-mediated mechanisms of translational control. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 132:146-154. [PMID: 34952788 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
mRNAs translation to proteins constitutes an important step of cellular gene expression that is highly regulated in response to different extracellular stimuli and stress situations. The fine control of protein synthesis is carried out both qualitatively and quantitatively, depending on the cellular demand at each moment. Post-translational modifications, in turn regulated by intracellular signaling pathways, play a key role in translation regulation. Among them, ubiquitination, whose role is becoming increasingly important in the control of translation, determines a correct balance between protein synthesis and degradation. In this review we focus on the role of ubiquitination (both degradative K48-linkage type and non-degradative K63-linkage type and monoubiquitination) in eukaryotic translation, both at the pre-translational level during the biogenesis/degradation of the components of translational machinery as well as at the co-translational level under stressful conditions. We also discuss other ubiquitin-dependent regulatory mechanisms of mRNA protection and resumption of translation after stress removal, where the ubiquitination of ribosomal proteins and associated regulatory proteins play an important role in the global rhythm of translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arantxa Martínez-Férriz
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Ferrando
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alihamze Fathinajafabadi
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Rosa Farràs
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Rubio A, Garland GD, Sfakianos A, Harvey RF, Willis AE. Aberrant protein synthesis and cancer development: The role of canonical eukaryotic initiation, elongation and termination factors in tumorigenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:151-165. [PMID: 35487398 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In tumourigenesis, oncogenes or dysregulated tumour suppressor genes alter the canonical translation machinery leading to a reprogramming of the translatome that, in turn, promotes the translation of selected mRNAs encoding proteins involved in proliferation and metastasis. It is therefore unsurprising that abnormal expression levels and activities of eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs), elongation factors (eEFs) or termination factors (eRFs) are associated with poor outcome for patients with a wide range of cancers. In this review we discuss how RNA binding proteins (RBPs) within the canonical translation factor machinery are dysregulated in cancers and how targeting such proteins is leading to new therapeutic avenues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rubio
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Rd, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Gavin D Garland
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Rd, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Aristeidis Sfakianos
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Rd, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Robert F Harvey
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Rd, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Anne E Willis
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Rd, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Soto-Verdugo J, Siva-Parra J, Hernández-Kelly LC, Ortega A. Acute Manganese Exposure Modifies the Translation Machinery via PI3K/Akt Signaling in Glial Cells. ASN Neuro 2022; 14:17590914221131452. [PMID: 36203371 PMCID: PMC9551334 DOI: 10.1177/17590914221131452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY STATEMENT We demonstrate herein that short-term exposure of radial glia cells to Manganese, a neurotoxic metal, induces an effect on protein synthesis, altering the protein repertoire of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Arturo Ortega
- Arturo Ortega, Departamento de Toxicología,
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico
Nacional, México City, México, 07360.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Shindyapina AV, Cho Y, Kaya A, Tyshkovskiy A, Castro JP, Deik A, Gordevicius J, Poganik JR, Clish CB, Horvath S, Peshkin L, Gladyshev VN. Rapamycin treatment during development extends life span and health span of male mice and Daphnia magna. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo5482. [PMID: 36112674 PMCID: PMC9481125 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo5482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Development is tightly connected to aging, but whether pharmacologically targeting development can extend life remains unknown. Here, we subjected genetically diverse UMHET3 mice to rapamycin for the first 45 days of life. The mice grew slower and remained smaller than controls for their entire lives. Their reproductive age was delayed without affecting offspring numbers. The treatment was sufficient to extend the median life span by 10%, with the strongest effect in males, and helped to preserve health as measured by frailty index scores, gait speed, and glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Mechanistically, the liver transcriptome and epigenome of treated mice were younger at the completion of treatment. Analogous to mice, rapamycin exposure during development robustly extended the life span of Daphnia magna and reduced its body size. Overall, the results demonstrate that short-term rapamycin treatment during development is a novel longevity intervention that acts by slowing down development and aging, suggesting that aging may be targeted already early in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongmin Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alaattin Kaya
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Alexander Tyshkovskiy
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - José P. Castro
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amy Deik
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Jesse R. Poganik
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Leonid Peshkin
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering and National Xenopus Resource, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Onasanya GO, Msalya GM, Thiruvenkadan AK, Murali N, Saravanan R, Raja A, Okpeku M, Jeyakumar M, Ikeobi CO. Exposure to high thermal conditions for a long time induces apoptosis and decreases total RNA concentration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells among Indian Zebu–Jersey crossbreds. Vet World 2022; 15:2192-2201. [PMID: 36341055 PMCID: PMC9631357 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2192-2201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Global warming has grave consequences on livestock production systems and profound negative effects on animal production. This study aimed to carry out an in vitro thermal stress stimulation (TSS) of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using different thermal assault conditions (TACs), including normal to extreme temperatures and varying durations of thermal exposure (DTE) to understand how PBMCs of Indian Zebu–Jersey crossbreds respond to various levels and durations of heat shock. Materials and Methods: Ten milliliters of blood were collected from 70 Indian Zebu–Jersey crossbreds under aseptic conditions and were sampled for isolating PBMCs. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were divided into seven groups, each comprising 10 PBMC samples isolated from 10 different animals. Aliquots of 500 μL of PBMCs were stressed by exposure to different TACs (37, 40, and 45°C) for DTEs of 3 or 6 h. Subsequently, the cells were harvested. The control unstressed samples (500 μL aliquots of PBMCs) were exposed to no TAC (0°C) and zero DTE (0 h). Total RNA from all the treatment groups of PBMCs were isolated and quantitated. Results: We found a very strong association between TACs and RNA levels. In addition, PBMCs viability was negatively affected by heat shock. This led to an exponential reduction in PBMC count as TACs toughened. Only 3.59 × 105 ± 0.34 cells/mL were viable after exposure to 45°C for a 6 h DTE. This cell viability was lower than that measured in controls subjected to no stress and zero time DTE (2.56 × 107 ± 0.22 cells/mL). We also observed a reduction in the concentration of RNA isolated from thermally stressed PBMCs. Conclusion: In vitro TSS of PBMCs provided biological information on the response of cellular systems to heat shock after exposure to TACs. This will help to mitigate and manage the effects of thermal stress in bovine species. The association between the reduction in PBMC count after in vitro TSS and the expression of heat shock protein 70 gene will be investigated in the future to further understand how Indian Zebu–Jersey crossbreds respond to in vitro thermal conditions. This will be used to determine the in vivo response of Indian Jersey crossbreds to different environmental thermal conditions and will further enable the in vivo understanding of thermotolerance potentials of bovine species for better adaptation, survival, and production performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gbolabo Olaitan Onasanya
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Nigeria; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George M. Msalya
- Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Aranganoor K. Thiruvenkadan
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Murali
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Saravanan
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Angamuthu Raja
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moses Okpeku
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, South Africa
| | - Mani Jeyakumar
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Christian O. Ikeobi
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|