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Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang M, Xu J, Zheng L, Liu P, Chen J, Liu H, Chen C. Epigenetic reprogramming in gastrointestinal cancer: biology and translational perspectives. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e670. [PMID: 39184862 PMCID: PMC11344282 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tumors, the second leading cause of human mortality, are characterized by their association with inflammation. Currently, progress in the early diagnosis and effective treatment of gastrointestinal tumors is limited. Recent whole-genome analyses have underscored their profound heterogeneity and extensive genetic and epigenetic reprogramming. Epigenetic reprogramming pertains to dynamic and hereditable alterations in epigenetic patterns, devoid of concurrent modifications in the underlying DNA sequence. Common epigenetic modifications encompass DNA methylation, histone modifications, noncoding RNA, RNA modifications, and chromatin remodeling. These modifications possess the potential to invoke or suppress a multitude of genes associated with cancer, thereby governing the establishment of chromatin configurations characterized by diverse levels of accessibility. This intricate interplay assumes a pivotal and indispensable role in governing the commencement and advancement of gastrointestinal cancer. This article focuses on the impact of epigenetic reprogramming in the initiation and progression of gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and colorectal cancer, as well as other uncommon gastrointestinal tumors. We elucidate the epigenetic landscape of gastrointestinal tumors, encompassing DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and their interrelationships. Besides, this review summarizes the potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic targets in epigenetic reprogramming, with the aim of assisting clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Mengsha Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Liuxian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Pengpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jingyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Chong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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Benjaskulluecha S, Boonmee A, Haque M, Wongprom B, Pattarakankul T, Pongma C, Sri-ngern-ngam K, Keawvilai P, Sukdee T, Saechue B, Kueanjinda P, Palaga T. O 6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase regulates β-glucan-induced trained immunity of macrophages via farnesoid X receptor and AMPK. iScience 2024; 27:108733. [PMID: 38235325 PMCID: PMC10792243 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Trained immunity is the heightened state of innate immune memory that enhances immune response resulting in nonspecific protection. Epigenetic changes and metabolic reprogramming are critical steps that regulate trained immunity. In this study, we reported the involvement of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), a DNA repair enzyme of lesion induced by alkylating agents, in regulation the trained immunity induced by β-glucan (BG). Pharmacological inhibition or silencing of MGMT expression altered LPS stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine productions in BG-trained bone marrow derived macrophages (BMMs). Targeted deletion of Mgmt in BMMs resulted in reduction of the trained responses both in vitro and in vivo models. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that the dampening trained immunity in MGMT KO BMMs is partially mediated by ATM/FXR/AMPK axis affecting the MAPK/mTOR/HIF1α pathways and the reduction in glycolysis function. Taken together, a failure to resolve a DNA damage may have consequences for innate immune memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salisa Benjaskulluecha
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Atsadang Boonmee
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - MdFazlul Haque
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Benjawan Wongprom
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thitiporn Pattarakankul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials and Biointerfaces, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chitsuda Pongma
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kittitach Sri-ngern-ngam
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornlapat Keawvilai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thadaphong Sukdee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Benjawan Saechue
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- One Health Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand
| | - Patipark Kueanjinda
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Tsimpos P, Desiderio S, Cabochette P, Poelvoorde P, Kricha S, Vanhamme L, Poulard C, Bellefroid EJ. Loss of G9a does not phenocopy the requirement for Prdm12 in the development of the nociceptive neuron lineage. Neural Dev 2024; 19:1. [PMID: 38167468 PMCID: PMC10759634 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-023-00179-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Prdm12 is an epigenetic regulator expressed in developing and mature nociceptive neurons, playing a key role in their specification during neurogenesis and modulating pain sensation at adulthood. In vitro studies suggested that Prdm12 recruits the methyltransferase G9a through its zinc finger domains to regulate target gene expression, but how Prdm12 interacts with G9a and whether G9a plays a role in Prdm12's functional properties in sensory ganglia remain unknown. Here we report that Prdm12-G9a interaction is likely direct and that it involves the SET domain of G9a. We show that both proteins are largely co-expressed in dorsal root ganglia during early murine development, opening the possibility that G9a plays a role in DRG and may act as a mediator of Prdm12's function in the development of nociceptive sensory neurons. To test this hypothesis, we conditionally inactivated G9a in neural crest using a Wnt1-Cre transgenic mouse line. We found that the specific loss of G9a in the neural crest lineage does not lead to dorsal root ganglia hypoplasia due to the loss of somatic nociceptive neurons nor to the ectopic expression of the visceral determinant Phox2b as observed upon Prdm12 ablation. These findings suggest that Prdm12 function in the initiation of the nociceptive lineage does not critically involves its interaction with G9a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Tsimpos
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium
| | - Simon Desiderio
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium
| | - Pauline Cabochette
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium
| | - Philippe Poelvoorde
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology and Molecular Medicine, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Sadia Kricha
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium
| | - Luc Vanhamme
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology and Molecular Medicine, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Cancer Research Cancer of Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, F-69000, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, F-69000, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, F-69000, France
| | - Eric J Bellefroid
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium.
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Konstantinidis I, Sætrom P, Brieuc S, Jakobsen KS, Liedtke H, Pohlmann C, Tsoulia T, Fernandes JMO. DNA hydroxymethylation differences underlie phenotypic divergence of somatic growth in Nile tilapia reared in common garden. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2282323. [PMID: 38010265 PMCID: PMC10732659 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2282323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity of metabolism and growth are essential for adaptation to new environmental conditions, such as those experienced during domestication. Epigenetic regulation plays a key role in this process but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, especially in the case of hydroxymethylation. Using reduced representation 5-hydroxymethylcytosine profiling, we compared the liver hydroxymethylomes in full-sib Nile tilapia with distinct growth rates (3.8-fold difference) and demonstrated that DNA hydroxymethylation is strongly associated with phenotypic divergence of somatic growth during the early stages of domestication. The 2677 differentially hydroxymethylated cytosines between fast- and slow-growing fish were enriched within gene bodies (79%), indicating a pertinent role in transcriptional regulation. Moreover, they were found in genes involved in biological processes related to skeletal system and muscle structure development, and there was a positive association between somatic growth and 5hmC levels in genes coding for growth factors, kinases and receptors linked to myogenesis. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis revealed no genetic differentiation between fast- and slow-growing fish. In addition to unveiling a new link between DNA hydroxymethylation and epigenetic regulation of growth in fish during the initial stages of domestication, this study suggests that epimarkers may be applied in selective breeding programmes for superior phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pål Sætrom
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Bioinformatics core facility-BioCore, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - S.O. Brieuc
- Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetill S. Jakobsen
- Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hannes Liedtke
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Caroline Pohlmann
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Thomais Tsoulia
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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Zhao F, Guo X, Li X, Liu F, Fu Y, Sun X, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Qin Z. Identification and Expressional Analysis of Putative PRDI-BF1 and RIZ Homology Domain-Containing Transcription Factors in Mulinia lateralis. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1059. [PMID: 37626944 PMCID: PMC10451705 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Mollusca represents one of the ancient bilaterian groups with high morphological diversity, while the formation mechanisms of the precursors of all germ cells, primordial germ cells (PGCs), have not yet been clarified in mollusks. PRDI-BF1 and RIZ homology domain-containing proteins (PRDMs) are a group of transcriptional repressors, and PRDM1 (also known as BLIMP1) and PRDM14 have been reported to be essential for the formation of PGCs. In the present study, we performed a genome-wide retrieval in Mulinia lateralis and identified 11 putative PRDMs, all of which possessed an N-terminal PR domain. Expressional profiles revealed that all these prdm genes showed specifically high expression levels in the given stages, implying that all PRDMs played important roles during early development stages. Specifically, Ml-prdm1 was highly expressed at the gastrula stage, the key period when PGCs arise, and was specifically localized in the cytoplasm of two or three cells of blastula, gastrula, or trochophore larvae, matching the typical characteristics of PGCs. These results suggested that Ml-prdm1-positive cells may be PGCs and that Ml-prdm1 could be a candidate marker for tracing the formation of PGCs in M. lateralis. In addition, the expression profiles of Ml-prdm14 hinted that it may not be associated with PGCs of M. lateralis. The present study provides insights into the evolution of the PRDM family in mollusks and offers a better understanding of the formation of PGCs in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (F.Z.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiaolin Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (F.Z.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xixi Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (F.Z.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Fang Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (F.Z.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yifan Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (F.Z.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiaohan Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (F.Z.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zujing Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (F.Z.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (F.Z.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Zhenkui Qin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (F.Z.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (Y.F.); (X.S.); (Z.Y.); (Z.Z.)
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Ren Y, Wang Y, Fang L, Ma M, Ge L, Su C, Xin L, He J, Yang J, Liu X. Deregulation of PRDM5 promotes cell proliferation by regulating JAK/STAT signaling pathway through SOCS1 in human lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4568-4578. [PMID: 36127737 PMCID: PMC9972168 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PRDM5 is considered a tumor suppressor in several types of solid tumors and is involved in multiple cellular processes. However, target genes regulated by PRDM5 in lung cancer and its potential mechanism are poorly defined. METHODS Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier estimates based on the online databases. RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed to identify the differentially expressed genes in PRDM5-overexpressed A549 cells. RESULTS We observed deregulated PRDM5 in several lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and its association with a poor prognosis. PRDM5 overexpression inhibited the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in a xenograft model. PRDM5 upregulated the promoter activity of SOCS1, which then inhibited the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the low expression of PRDM5 promotes the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells by downregulating SOCS1 and then upregulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Sinovac Biotech Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | | | - Mengchu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Ge
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Su
- University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingbiao Xin
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyan He
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Guo J, Yang Q, Wei S, Shao J, Zhao T, Guo L, Liu J, Chen J, Wang G. Low expression of PRDM5 predicts poor prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:745. [PMID: 35799142 PMCID: PMC9264607 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09787-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of the PRDM5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been revealed. This study investigated the relationship between PRDM5 expression and survival outcome in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and explored the mechanism in tumor development. Methods In present study, expression of PRDM5 mRNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients was conducted using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The expression of PRDM5 was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression analysis was performed to analyze the survival outcome and independent predictive factors. qRT-PCR and Methylation-specific PCR were performed to identify the mRNA level of PRDM5 and Methylation rate. Cibersort algorithm to analyze the relationship between PRDM5 expression and immune cell invasion. Western-blot was performed to confirm the expression of esophageal tumor tissues and adjacent tissues. Results The TCGA database and GEO database show that PRDM5 mRNA level in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma adjacent tissues was higher than that of cancer tissues, and ESCC patients with high expression of PRDM5 mRNA had better overall survival. Tissue microarray showed that the protein level of PRDM5 in the adjacent tissues of patients with ESCC was higher than that in cancer tissues, and the expression level of PRDM5 was significantly correlated with the grade of clinicopathological characteristics (P < 0.001). Patients with high expression of PRDM5 displayed a better OS and DFS. Cox regression analysis showed that PRDM5 was an independent risk factor and prognostic factor for ESCC patients (HR: 2.626, 95%CI: 1.824–3.781; P < 0.001). The protein level of PRDM5 matched with the transcriptional level, whereas the DNA methylation affected the transcriptional level. Cibersort showed that T cells CD4 memory resting, mast cells resting, eosinophils, M2 macrophages and mast cells activated were significantly positively correlated with PRDM5 expression (P < 0.05), while regulatory T cells, monocytes and dendritic cells negatively correlated with PRDM5 expression (P < 0.05). Conclusion PRDM5 can be used as a biomarker to predict the survival of ESCC patients. Furthermore, PRDM5 expression in ESCC cells may affect WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways, thus further affect the ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09787-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuxing Yang
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Shao
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianye Zhao
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyuan Guo
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gaoren Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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Ma X, Zhang S, Qin S, Guo J, Yuan J, Qiang R, Zhou S, Cao W, Yang J, Ma F, Chai R. Transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses explore the potential role of H3K4me3 in neomycin-induced cochlear Lgr5+ progenitor cell regeneration of hair cells. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1030-1044. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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GFI1 regulates hair cell differentiation by acting as an off-DNA transcriptional co-activator of ATOH1, and a DNA-binding repressor. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7793. [PMID: 35551236 PMCID: PMC9098437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11931-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
GFI1 is a zinc finger transcription factor that is necessary for the differentiation and survival of hair cells in the cochlea. Deletion of Gfi1 in mice significantly reduces the expression of hundreds of hair cell genes: this is a surprising result, as GFI1 normally acts as a transcriptional repressor by recruiting histone demethylases and methyltransferases to its targets. To understand the mechanisms by which GFI1 promotes hair cell differentiation, we used CUT&RUN to identify the direct targets of GFI1 and ATOH1 in hair cells. We found that GFI1 regulates hair cell differentiation in two distinct ways—first, GFI1 and ATOH1 can bind to the same regulatory elements in hair cell genes, but while ATOH1 directly binds its target DNA motifs in many of these regions, GFI1 does not. Instead, it appears to enhance ATOH1’s transcriptional activity by acting as part of a complex in which it does not directly bind DNA. Second, GFI1 can act in its more typical role as a direct, DNA-binding transcriptional repressor in hair cells; here it represses non-hair cell genes, including many neuronal genes. Together, our results illuminate the function of GFI1 in hair cell development and hair cell reprogramming strategies.
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Teng JJ, Zhao WJ, Zhang XL, Zhao DK, Qiu XY, Chen XD, Yang L. Downregulation of promoter methylation gene PRDM5 contributes to the development of tumor proliferation and predicts poor prognosis in gastric cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:6921-6930. [PMID: 34659579 PMCID: PMC8518008 DOI: 10.7150/jca.59998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epigenetic aberrations of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), particularly DNA methylation, are frequently involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC). Previous studies have shown that PRDM5 is methylated and silenced in GC. However, the role of PRDM5 in GC progression has not been explored. Methods: The expression and epigenetic alterations of PRDM5 in GC were analyzed in public datasets. The mRNA and protein expression of PRDM5 in fresh tissues were detected by semi-quantitative PCR and Western blot. And expression of PRDM5 in gastric paracarcinoma and carcinoma tissues from 162 patients was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and assessed the association with different clinicopathological features. The prognostic value of PRDM5 in GC patients was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier plotter. We also studied promoter region methylation of PRDM5 in GC by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The effects of PRDM5 on cell proliferation and migration were conducted by functional experiments in vitro. Results: The expression of PRDM5 was downregulated in GC, and that was associated with poor survival and tumor progression. And PRDM5 expression was found to be an independent prognostic factor for GC. We also found that the methylation of PRDM5 promoter was closely related to the histopathological types and the progression of tumors through the public relations database. In vitro, ectopical expression of PRDM5 inhibited the growth of tumor cells, while knockdown of PRDM5 increased the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that PRDM5 may be a novel TSG methylated in GC that plays important roles in GC development. And we found PRDM5 as a potential survival biomarker for GC, especially in well differentiated GC. PRDM5 expression was significantly correlated with tumor stage and histological type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Teng
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 Tongyang North Road, Nantong 226361, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhao
- Cancer Research Center Nantong, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Xun-Lei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 Tongyang North Road, Nantong 226361, China
| | - Da-Kun Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 Tongyang North Road, Nantong 226361, China
| | - Xin-Yue Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 Tongyang North Road, Nantong 226361, China
| | - Xu-Dong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 Tongyang North Road, Nantong 226361, China
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11
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Stanton CM, Findlay AS, Drake C, Mustafa MZ, Gautier P, McKie L, Jackson IJ, Vitart V. A Mouse Model of Brittle Cornea Syndrome caused by mutation in Zfp469. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:272230. [PMID: 34368841 PMCID: PMC8476817 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brittle cornea syndrome (BCS) is a rare recessive condition characterised by extreme thinning of the cornea and sclera. BCS results from loss-of-function mutations in the poorly understood genes ZNF469 or PRDM5. In order to determine the function of ZNF469 and to elucidate pathogenic mechanisms, we used genome editing to recapitulate a human ZNF469 BCS mutation in the orthologous mouse gene Zfp469. Ophthalmic phenotyping showed that homozygous Zfp469 mutation causes significant central and peripheral corneal thinning arising from reduced stromal thickness. Expression of key components of the corneal stroma in primary keratocytes from Zfp469BCS/BCS mice is affected, including decreased Col1a1 and Col1a2 expression. This alters the collagen type I/collagen type V ratio and results in collagen fibrils with smaller diameter and increased fibril density in homozygous mutant corneas, correlating with decreased biomechanical strength in the cornea. Cell-derived matrices generated by primary keratocytes show reduced deposition of collagen type I, offering an in vitro model for stromal dysfunction. Work remains to determine whether modulating ZNF469 activity will have therapeutic benefit in BCS or in conditions such as keratoconus in which the cornea thins progressively. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: A mouse model of brittle cornea syndrome was created to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying the pathology of this rare connective tissue disorder in which extremely thin corneas rupture, causing irreversible blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe M Stanton
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Amy S Findlay
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Camilla Drake
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Mohammad Z Mustafa
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Philippe Gautier
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lisa McKie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ian J Jackson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
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12
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Dhooge T, Van Damme T, Syx D, Mosquera LM, Nampoothiri S, Radhakrishnan A, Simsek-Kiper PO, Utine GE, Bonduelle M, Migeotte I, Essawi O, Ceylaner S, Al Kindy A, Tinkle B, Symoens S, Malfait F. More than meets the eye: Expanding and reviewing the clinical and mutational spectrum of brittle cornea syndrome. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:711-730. [PMID: 33739556 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Brittle cornea syndrome (BCS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by corneal thinning and fragility, leading to corneal rupture, the main hallmark of this disorder. Non-ocular symptoms include not only hearing loss but also signs of connective tissue fragility, placing it in the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) spectrum. It is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in ZNF469 or PRDM5, which presumably encode transcription factors for extracellular matrix components. We report the clinical and molecular features of nine novel BCS families, four of which harbor variants in ZNF469 and five in PRDM5. We also performed a genotype- and phenotype-oriented literature overview of all (n = 85) reported patients with ZNF469 (n = 53) and PRDM5 (n = 32) variants. Musculoskeletal findings may be the main reason for referral and often raise suspicion of another heritable connective tissue disorder, such as kyphoscoliotic EDS, osteogenesis imperfecta, or Marfan syndrome, especially when a corneal rupture has not yet occurred. Our findings highlight the multisystemic nature of BCS and validate its inclusion in the EDS classification. Importantly, gene panels for heritable connective tissue disorders should include ZNF469 and PRDM5 to allow for timely diagnosis and appropriate preventive measures for this rare condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibbe Dhooge
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Van Damme
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Delfien Syx
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura M Mosquera
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Divison of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Anil Radhakrishnan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | | | - Gülen E Utine
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maryse Bonduelle
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Center of Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Osama Essawi
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Adila Al Kindy
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Brad Tinkle
- Division of Medical Genetics, Peyton Manning Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sofie Symoens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fransiska Malfait
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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13
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Di Tullio F, Schwarz M, Zorgati H, Mzoughi S, Guccione E. The duality of PRDM proteins: epigenetic and structural perspectives. FEBS J 2021; 289:1256-1275. [PMID: 33774927 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PRDF1 and RIZ1 homology domain containing (PRDMs) are a subfamily of Krüppel-like zinc finger proteins controlling key processes in metazoan development and in cancer. PRDMs exhibit unique dualities: (a) PR domain/ZNF arrays-their structure combines a SET-like domain known as a PR domain, typically found in methyltransferases, with a variable array of C2H2 zinc fingers (ZNF) characteristic of DNA-binding transcription factors; (b) transcriptional activators/repressors-their physiological function is context- and cell-dependent; mechanistically, some PRDMs have a PKMT activity and directly catalyze histone lysine methylation, while others are rather pseudomethyltransferases and act by recruiting transcriptional cofactors; (c) oncogenes/tumor suppressors-their pathological function depends on the specific PRDM isoform expressed during tumorigenesis. This duality is well known as the 'Yin and Yang' of PRDMs and involves a complex regulation of alternative splicing or alternative promoter usage, to generate full-length or PR-deficient isoforms with opposing functions in cancer. In conclusion, once their dualities are fully appreciated, PRDMs represent a promising class of targets in oncology by virtue of their widespread upregulation across multiple tumor types and their somatic dispensability, conferring a broad therapeutic window and limited toxic side effects. The recent discovery of a first-in-class compound able to inhibit PRDM9 activity has paved the way for the identification of further small molecular inhibitors able to counteract PRDM oncogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Di Tullio
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Schwarz
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Habiba Zorgati
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Slim Mzoughi
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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14
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Guo Z, Dai Y, Hu W, Zhang Y, Cao Z, Pei W, Liu N, Nie J, Wu A, Mao W, Chang L, Li B, Pei H, Hei TK, Zhou G. The long noncoding RNA CRYBG3 induces aneuploidy by interfering with spindle assembly checkpoint via direct binding with Bub3. Oncogene 2021; 40:1821-1835. [PMID: 33564066 PMCID: PMC7946627 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Aneuploidy is a hallmark of genomic instability that leads to tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. CDC20, Bub1, and Bub3 form the mitosis checkpoint complex (MCC) that binds the anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C), a crucial factor of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), to ensure the bi-directional attachment and proper segregation of all sister chromosomes. However, just how MCC is regulated to ensure normal mitosis during cellular division remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that LNC CRYBG3, an ionizing radiation-inducible long noncoding RNA, directly binds with Bub3 and interrupts its interaction with CDC20 to result in aneuploidy. The 261-317 (S3) residual of the LNC CRYBG3 sequence is critical for its interaction with Bub3 protein. Overexpression of LNC CRYBG3 leads to aneuploidy and promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis of lung cancer cells, implying that LNC CRYBG3 is a novel oncogene. These findings provide a novel mechanistic basis for the pathogenesis of NSCLC after exposure to ionizing radiation as well as a potential target for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of an often fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Center for Radiological Research, College of Physician and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yingchu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhifei Cao
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Weiwei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ningang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Anqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Weidong Mao
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hailong Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Tom K Hei
- Center for Radiological Research, College of Physician and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Guangming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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15
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Maksimenko OG, Fursenko DV, Belova EV, Georgiev PG. CTCF As an Example of DNA-Binding Transcription Factors Containing Clusters of C2H2-Type Zinc Fingers. Acta Naturae 2021; 13:31-46. [PMID: 33959385 PMCID: PMC8084297 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, most of the boundaries of topologically associating domains and all well-studied insulators are rich in binding sites for the CTCF protein. According to existing experimental data, CTCF is a key factor in the organization of the architecture of mammalian chromosomes. A characteristic feature of the CTCF is that the central part of the protein contains a cluster consisting of eleven domains of C2H2-type zinc fingers, five of which specifically bind to a long DNA sequence conserved in most animals. The class of transcription factors that carry a cluster of C2H2-type zinc fingers consisting of five or more domains (C2H2 proteins) is widely represented in all groups of animals. The functions of most C2H2 proteins still remain unknown. This review presents data on the structure and possible functions of these proteins, using the example of the vertebrate CTCF protein and several well- characterized C2H2 proteins in Drosophila and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. G. Maksimenko
- Institute of Gene Biology RAS, Moscow, 119334 Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology RAS, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | | | - E. V. Belova
- Institute of Gene Biology RAS, Moscow, 119334 Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology RAS, Moscow, 119334 Russia
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16
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Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors). Cells 2020; 9:cells9122603. [PMID: 33291744 PMCID: PMC7761934 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1) (PR) homologous domain containing (PRDM) transcription factors are expressed in neuronal and stem cell systems, and they exert multiple functions in a spatiotemporal manner. Therefore, it is believed that PRDM factors cooperate with a number of protein partners to regulate a critical set of genes required for maintenance of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the expression of PRDM factors and function in stem cell and neuronal systems with a focus on cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2. We put special attention on summarizing the effects of the PRDM proteins interaction with chromatin modulators (NuRD complex and CtBPs) on the stem cell characteristic and neuronal differentiation. Although PRDM factors are known to possess intrinsic enzyme activity, our literature analysis suggests that cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 is also one of the important mechanisms to orchestrate bidirectional target gene regulation. Therefore, determining stem cell and neuronal-specific cofactors will help better understanding of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2-controlled stem cell maintenance and neuronal differentiation. Finally, we discuss the clinical aspect of these PRDM factors in different diseases including cancer. Overall, this review will help further sharpen our knowledge of the function of the PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 with hopes to open new research fields related to these factors in stem cell biology and neuroscience.
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17
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Xu W, Li H, Wang L, Zhang J, Liu C, Wan X, Liu X, Hu Y, Fang Q, Xiao Y, Bu Q, Wang H, Tian J, Zhao Y, Cen X. Endocannabinoid signaling regulates the reinforcing and psychostimulant effects of ketamine in mice. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5962. [PMID: 33235205 PMCID: PMC7686380 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19780-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The abuse potential of ketamine limits its clinical application, but the precise mechanism remains largely unclear. Here we discovered that ketamine significantly remodels the endocannabinoid-related lipidome and activates 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) signaling in the dorsal striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen, CPu) of mice. Elevated 2-AG in the CPu is essential for the psychostimulant and reinforcing effects of ketamine, whereas blockade of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, a predominant 2-AG receptor, attenuates ketamine-induced remodeling of neuronal dendrite structure and neurobehaviors. Ketamine represses the transcription of the monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) gene by promoting the expression of PRDM5, a negative transcription factor of the MAGL gene, leading to increased 2-AG production. Genetic overexpression of MAGL or silencing of PRDM5 expression in the CPu robustly reduces 2-AG production and ketamine effects. Collectively, endocannabinoid signaling plays a critical role in mediating the psychostimulant and reinforcing properties of ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchun Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamei Zhang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunqi Liu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Wan
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochong Liu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Hu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyao Fang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Bu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, 264005, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Tian
- Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, 264005, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Ordoñez R, Kulis M, Russiñol N, Chapaprieta V, Carrasco-Leon A, García-Torre B, Charalampopoulou S, Clot G, Beekman R, Meydan C, Duran-Ferrer M, Verdaguer-Dot N, Vilarrasa-Blasi R, Soler-Vila P, Garate L, Miranda E, San José-Enériz E, Rodriguez-Madoz JR, Ezponda T, Martínez-Turrilas R, Vilas-Zornoza A, Lara-Astiaso D, Dupéré-Richer D, Martens JHA, El-Omri H, Taha RY, Calasanz MJ, Paiva B, San Miguel J, Flicek P, Gut I, Melnick A, Mitsiades CS, Licht JD, Campo E, Stunnenberg HG, Agirre X, Prosper F, Martin-Subero JI. Chromatin activation as a unifying principle underlying pathogenic mechanisms in multiple myeloma. Genome Res 2020; 30:1217-1227. [PMID: 32820006 PMCID: PMC7545147 DOI: 10.1101/gr.265520.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm associated with a broad variety of genetic lesions. In spite of this genetic heterogeneity, MMs share a characteristic malignant phenotype whose underlying molecular basis remains poorly characterized. In the present study, we examined plasma cells from MM using a multi-epigenomics approach and demonstrated that, when compared to normal B cells, malignant plasma cells showed an extensive activation of regulatory elements, in part affecting coregulated adjacent genes. Among target genes up-regulated by this process, we found members of the NOTCH, NF-kB, MTOR signaling, and TP53 signaling pathways. Other activated genes included sets involved in osteoblast differentiation and response to oxidative stress, all of which have been shown to be associated with the MM phenotype and clinical behavior. We functionally characterized MM-specific active distant enhancers controlling the expression of thioredoxin (TXN), a major regulator of cellular redox status and, in addition, identified PRDM5 as a novel essential gene for MM. Collectively, our data indicate that aberrant chromatin activation is a unifying feature underlying the malignant plasma cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ordoñez
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Kulis
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Russiñol
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Chapaprieta
- Departamento de Fundamentos Clínicos, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz García-Torre
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Guillem Clot
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Renée Beekman
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cem Meydan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Martí Duran-Ferrer
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Verdaguer-Dot
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Vilarrasa-Blasi
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Soler-Vila
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leire Garate
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Estíbaliz Miranda
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Edurne San José-Enériz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Ezponda
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Amaia Vilas-Zornoza
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Lara-Astiaso
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daphné Dupéré-Richer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Halima El-Omri
- Department of Hematology & BMT, Hamad Medical Corporation, NCCCR, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ruba Y Taha
- Department of Hematology & BMT, Hamad Medical Corporation, NCCCR, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maria J Calasanz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Paiva
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesus San Miguel
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Ivo Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ari Melnick
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Constantine S Mitsiades
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Jonathan D Licht
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - Elias Campo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Fundamentos Clínicos, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Xabier Agirre
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose I Martin-Subero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Fundamentos Clínicos, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Ashour N, Angulo JC, González-Corpas A, Orea MJ, Lobo MVT, Colomer R, Colás B, Esteller M, Ropero S. Epigenetic Regulation of Gfi1 in Endocrine-Related Cancers: a Role Regulating Tumor Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134687. [PMID: 32630147 PMCID: PMC7370116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate and breast cancer constitute the most common cancers among men and women worldwide. The aging population is one of the main risk factors for prostate and breast cancer development and accumulating studies link aging with epigenetic changes. Growth factor independence-1 (Gfi1) is a transcriptional repressor with an important role in human malignancies, including leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, and lung cancer, but its role in prostate and breast cancer is unknown. We have found that Gfi1 epigenetic silencing is a common event in prostate and breast cancer. Gfi1 re-expression in prostate and breast cancer cell lines displaying Gfi1 epigenetic silencing decreases cell proliferation, reduced colony formation density, and tumor growth in nude mice xenografts. In addition, we found that Gfi1 repress alpha 1-anti-trypsin (AAT) and alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin (ACT) expression, two genes with important functions in cancer development, suggesting that Gfi1 silencing promotes tumor growth by increasing AAT and ACT expression in our system. Finally, Gfi1 epigenetic silencing could be a promising biomarker for prostate cancer progression because it is associated with shorter disease-free survival. In conclusion, our findings strongly indicate that Gfi1 epigenetic silencing in prostate and breast cancer could be a crucial step in the development of these two-well characterized endocrine related tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ashour
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Unidad Docente de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28054 Madrid, Spain; (N.A.); (A.G.-C.); (M.J.O.); (B.C.)
| | - Javier C. Angulo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Getafe, 28905 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana González-Corpas
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Unidad Docente de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28054 Madrid, Spain; (N.A.); (A.G.-C.); (M.J.O.); (B.C.)
| | - María J. Orea
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Unidad Docente de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28054 Madrid, Spain; (N.A.); (A.G.-C.); (M.J.O.); (B.C.)
| | - María V. T. Lobo
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Universidad de Alcalá; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), 28054 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ramón Colomer
- Medical Oncology Department, Instituto De Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, HU La Princesa, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Colás
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Unidad Docente de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28054 Madrid, Spain; (N.A.); (A.G.-C.); (M.J.O.); (B.C.)
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Catalonia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Santiago Ropero
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Unidad Docente de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28054 Madrid, Spain; (N.A.); (A.G.-C.); (M.J.O.); (B.C.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Wang X, Chang H, Gao G, Su B, Deng Q, Zhou H, Wang Q, Lin Y, Ding Y. Silencing of PRDM5 increases cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis in glioma. Int J Neurosci 2020; 131:144-153. [PMID: 32083978 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1733563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM PR-domain-containing 5 (PRDM5), a family member of PR-domain-containing zinc finger genes, has been reported to participate in modulate cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. It has also been found to function as a putative tumor suppressor in different types of cancer. The present study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to report on the clinical significance of the expression of PRDM5 in glioma cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS Western blot analyse the expression of PRDM5 in glioma tissues and cells. 80 tissues microarray samples from patients with glioma were examined using immunohistochemical analysis. Glioblastoma U251 cells were transfected with PRDM5-siRNA and control-siRNA. U251cell proliferation was measured by flow cytometric analysis and plate colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis were detected using flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS The results of western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of PRDM5 was decreased in fresh glioma tissues, compared with that in normal brain tissues. Kaplan-Meier postoperative survival curves demonstrated that the low expression of PRDM5 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with glioma. In addition, suppression of PRDM5 promoted cell proliferation via regulating cell cycle progression. Finally, knocking down PRDM5 using small interfering RNA decreased the apoptosis of glioma cells. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings suggested that PRDM5 may be a novel therapeutic target of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangzhong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingmei Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huilin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuchang Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yasuo Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Zhou P, Chen X, Li M, Sun X, Tan J, Wang X, Chu Y, Zhang Y, Cheng T, Zhou J, Wang G, Yuan W. Overexpression of PRDM5 promotes acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferation and migration by activating the JNK pathway. Cancer Med 2019; 8:3905-3917. [PMID: 31119897 PMCID: PMC6639193 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PRDM family proteins are dysregulated in many human diseases, especially hematological malignancies and solid cancers, and share a unique N‐terminal PR domain followed by zinc fingers toward the C terminus. With a high frequency of DNA promoter hypermethylation, PRDM5 is primarily considered as a tumor suppressor in solid tumors. However, little is known about the function of PRDM5 in blood malignancies, especially acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we showed that high PRDM5 expression levels were independently correlated with poor overall survival in AML patients. PRDM5 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration in vitro and enhanced tumorigenesis in an in vivo xenograft model. Furthermore, we found that PRDM5 overexpression promoted cell cycle progression with the decreased level of cell cycle inhibitors such as p16 and p21, and regulated the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition markers ZO‐1 and Vimentin to promote migration. Moreover, we observed that PRDM5 upregulated the Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway and downregulated c‐Myc expression. Pharmacological inhibition of JNK by SP600125 partially abrogated PRDM5‐induced cell proliferation and migration. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that PRDM5 functions as an oncogenic driver in AML via JNK pathway, suggesting that PRDM5 is a potential therapeutic target for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yicheng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gaoxiang Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weiping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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22
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Yildiz O, Downes GB, Sagerström CG. Zebrafish prdm12b acts independently of nkx6.1 repression to promote eng1b expression in the neural tube p1 domain. Neural Dev 2019; 14:5. [PMID: 30813944 PMCID: PMC6391800 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-019-0129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functioning of the adult nervous system depends on the establishment of neural circuits during embryogenesis. In vertebrates, neurons that make up motor circuits form in distinct domains along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube. Each domain is characterized by a unique combination of transcription factors (TFs) that promote a specific fate, while repressing fates of adjacent domains. The prdm12 TF is required for the expression of eng1b and the generation of V1 interneurons in the p1 domain, but the details of its function remain unclear. METHODS We used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate the first germline mutants for prdm12 and employed this resource, together with classical luciferase reporter assays and co-immunoprecipitation experiments, to study prdm12b function in zebrafish. We also generated germline mutants for bhlhe22 and nkx6.1 to examine how these TFs act with prdm12b to control p1 formation. RESULTS We find that prdm12b mutants lack eng1b expression in the p1 domain and also possess an abnormal touch-evoked escape response. Using luciferase reporter assays, we demonstrate that Prdm12b acts as a transcriptional repressor. We also show that the Bhlhe22 TF binds via the Prdm12b zinc finger domain to form a complex. However, bhlhe22 mutants display normal eng1b expression in the p1 domain. While prdm12 has been proposed to promote p1 fates by repressing expression of the nkx6.1 TF, we do not observe an expansion of the nkx6.1 domain upon loss of prdm12b function, nor is eng1b expression restored upon simultaneous loss of prdm12b and nkx6.1. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that prdm12b germline mutations produce a phenotype that is indistinguishable from that of morpholino-mediated loss of prdm12 function. In terms of prdm12b function, our results indicate that Prdm12b acts as transcriptional repressor and interacts with both EHMT2/G9a and Bhlhe22. However, bhlhe22 function is not required for eng1b expression in vivo, perhaps indicating that other bhlh genes can compensate during embryogenesis. Lastly, we do not find evidence for nkx6.1 and prdm12b acting as a repressive pair in formation of the p1 domain - suggesting that prdm12b is not solely required to repress non-p1 fates, but is specifically needed to promote p1 fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Yildiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, 364 Plantation St/LRB815, Worcester, MA 01605 USA
| | - Gerald B. Downes
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Charles G. Sagerström
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, 364 Plantation St/LRB815, Worcester, MA 01605 USA
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23
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Zhang H, Wang W, Li N, Li P, Liu M, Pan J, Wang D, Li J, Xiong Y, Xia L. LncRNA DGCR5 suppresses neuronal apoptosis to improve acute spinal cord injury through targeting PRDM5. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1992-2000. [PMID: 30146926 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1509622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) usually results in neurological damage. DGCR5 is closely related to neurological disorders, and this study aims to explore its role in neuronal apoptosis in acute SCI. The ASCI model was established in rats, and the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring was used to assess the neurological function. The expression of RNA and protein was quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, respectively. The oxygenglucose deprivation (OGD) was performed upon neurons and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. The interaction and binding between DGCR5 and PRDM5 was detected with RNA pull-down and RIP assay, respectively. DGCR5 was down-regulated in ASCI model rat and in neurons treated with hypoxia. Over-expression of DGCR5 inhibited neuronal apoptosis. Interaction between DGCR5 negatively regulated PRDM5 protein expression by binding and interacting with it. DGCR5 inhibited neuronal apoptosis through PRDM5. Over-expressed DGCR5 ameliorated ASCI in rat. DGCR5 suppresses neuronal apoptosis through directly binding and negatively regulating PRDM5, and thereby ameliorating ASCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Zhang
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Wengang Wang
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Ning Li
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Peng Li
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Ming Liu
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Junwei Pan
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Dan Wang
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Junwei Li
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiong
- b Department of Hematology , the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Lei Xia
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
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24
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Tan SX, Hu RC, Xia Q, Tan YL, Liu JJ, Gan GX, Wang LL. The methylation profiles of PRDM promoters in non-small cell lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:2991-3002. [PMID: 29872311 PMCID: PMC5973400 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s156775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading malignant tumors worldwide. Aberrant gene promoter methylation contributes to NSCLC, and PRDM is a tumor suppressor gene family that possesses histone methyltransferase activity. This study aimed to investigate whether aberrant methylation of PRDM promoter is involved in NSCLC. Materials and methods Primary tumor tissues, adjacent nontumorous tissues, and distant lung tissues were collected from 75 NSCLC patients including 52 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients and 23 lung adenocarcinoma patients. The expression of PRDMs was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemical analysis. The methylation of PRDM promoters was detected by methylation-specific PCR. The correlation of methylation and expression of PRDMs with clinicopathological characteristics of patients were analyzed. Results mRNA expression of PRDM2, PRDM5, and PRDM16 was low or absent in tumor tissues compared to distant lung tissues. The methylation frequencies of PRDM2, PRDM5, and PRDM16 in tumor tissues were significantly higher than those in distal lung tissues. In LSCC patients, methylation of PRDM2 and PRDM16 was correlated with smoking status and methylation of PRDM5 was correlated with tumor differentiation. Conclusion The expression of PRDM2, PRDM5, and PRDM16 is low or absent in NSCLC, and this is mainly due to gene promoter methylation. Smoking may be an important cause of PRDM2 and PRDM16 methylation in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Xiang Tan
- Hunan Province Institute of Gerontology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui-Cheng Hu
- Hunan Province Institute of Gerontology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Xia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong-Li Tan
- Hunan Province Institute of Gerontology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Hunan Province Institute of Gerontology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Gui-Xiang Gan
- Hunan Province Institute of Gerontology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-le Wang
- Hunan Province Institute of Gerontology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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25
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Brady AF, Demirdas S, Fournel-Gigleux S, Ghali N, Giunta C, Kapferer-Seebacher I, Kosho T, Mendoza-Londono R, Pope MF, Rohrbach M, Van Damme T, Vandersteen A, van Mourik C, Voermans N, Zschocke J, Malfait F. The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, rare types. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 175:70-115. [PMID: 28306225 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes comprise a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of heritable connective tissue disorders, which are characterized by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue friability. In the Villefranche Nosology, six subtypes were recognized: The classical, hypermobile, vascular, kyphoscoliotic, arthrochalasis, and dermatosparaxis subtypes of EDS. Except for the hypermobile subtype, defects had been identified in fibrillar collagens or in collagen-modifying enzymes. Since 1997, a whole spectrum of novel, clinically overlapping, rare EDS-variants have been delineated and genetic defects have been identified in an array of other extracellular matrix genes. Advances in molecular testing have made it possible to now identify the causative mutation for many patients presenting these phenotypes. The aim of this literature review is to summarize the current knowledge on the rare EDS subtypes and highlight areas for future research. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Wu H, Wang L, Zhang D, Qian J, Yan L, Tang Q, Ni R, Zou X. PRDM5 promotes the apoptosis of epithelial cells induced by IFN-γ during Crohn’s disease. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:666-673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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A causal relationship between the neurotherapeutic effects of miR182/7a and decreased expression of PRDM5. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1-7. [PMID: 28552531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is terrible damage resulting in the deficiencies and necrosis of neurology and causes infinite inconvenience to sufferers. The therapy of SCI still meets a larger number of problems. Therefore, the underlying mechanism and novel therapy of acute SCI (ASCI) are urgent to explore. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SCI model was established in rats. The expression of miR-182/miR-7a and PRDM5 at mRNA level was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and the protein expression of PRDM5 and c-caspase 3 was assessed by western blotting assays. The apoptosis of spinal cord neurons (SCN) was assessed on flow cytometry. The transfection of cells was performed by Lipofectamine 2000 kit. The relationship between PRDM5 and miR-182/miR-7a was examined by Luciferase assay. RESULTS The expression of PRDM5 was up-regulated at either mRNA (2.212 folds) or protein level after SCI in rats, and knockdown of PRDM5 in SCN declined the c-caspase3 expression. In addition, the expression of miR-182 and miR-7a was decreased by 44.6% and 39.3% after SCI in rats. Moreover, the expression of miR-182 and miR-7a were negatively correlated with the level of PRDM5 expression, and the expression of PRDM5 was inhibited due to the increase of miR-182 and/or miR-7a expression. Moreover, both miR-182 and miR-7a could regulate PRDM5 to control SCN apoptosis. According to the BBB score increased 2 folds, the intrathecal injection of miR-182 and miR-7a improved the neurological function of rats. CONCLUSION Inhibition of PRDM5 which was apparently negative correlation with miR-182 and miR-7a could suppress the neurons apoptosis to attenuate acute spinal cord injury in rats.
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Costa A, Powell LM, Lowell S, Jarman AP. Atoh1 in sensory hair cell development: constraints and cofactors. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 65:60-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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miR-150 inhibits terminal erythroid proliferation and differentiation. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43033-47. [PMID: 26543232 PMCID: PMC4767489 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding linear RNAs, have been shown to play a crucial role in erythropoiesis. To evaluate the indispensable role of constant suppression of miR-150 during terminal erythropoiesis, we performed miR-150 gain- and loss-of-function experiments on hemin-induced K562 cells and EPO-induced human CD34+ cells. We found that forced expression of miR-150 suppresses commitment of hemoglobinization and CD235a labeling in both cell types. Erythroid proliferation is also inhibited via inducing apoptosis and blocking the cell cycle when miR-150 is overexpressed. In contrast, miR-150 inhibition promotes terminal erythropoiesis. 4.1 R gene is a new target of miR-150 during terminal erythropoiesis, and its abundance ensures the mechanical stability and deformability of the membrane. However, knockdown of 4.1 R did not affect terminal erythropoiesis. Transcriptional profiling identified more molecules involved in terminal erythroid dysregulation derived from miR-150 overexpression. These results shed light on the role of miR-150 during human terminal erythropoiesis. This is the first report highlighting the relationship between miRNA and membrane protein and enhancing our understanding of how miRNA works in the hematopoietic system.
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Wang L, Ding QQ, Gao SS, Yang HJ, Wang M, Shi Y, Cheng BF, Bi JJ, Feng ZW. PRDM5 promotes the proliferation and invasion of murine melanoma cells through up-regulating JNK expression. Cancer Med 2016; 5:2558-66. [PMID: 27485778 PMCID: PMC5055150 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PRDM (PRDI-BF1 and RIZ domain-containing) proteins constitute a family of zinc finger proteins and play important roles in multiple cellular processes by acting as epigenetic modifiers. PRDM5 is a recently identified member of the PRDM family and may function as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer. However, the role of PRDM5 in murine melanoma remains largely unknown. In our study, effect of PRDM5 on murine melanoma cells was determined and results showed that PRDM5 overexpression significantly promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of murine melanoma B16F10 cells. Consistently, silencing of PRDM5 expression significantly inhibited proliferation, invasion, and migration of B16F10 cells. In vivo study also showed that PRDM5 silencing significantly inhibited the growth and metastasis of melanoma in mice. PRDM5 was then found to increase the expression and activation of JNK in B16F10 cells. JNK silencing significantly reduced PRDM5-mediated up-regulation of JNK expression and blocked the PRDM5-induced proliferation and invasion of B16F10 cells. To further verify the involvement of JNK signaling in PRDM5-induced progression of B16F10 cells, a specific JNK inhibitor was employed to inhibit the JNK signaling pathway, and results showed that PRDM5-induced proliferation and invasion of B16F10 cells were abolished. We conclude that PRDM5 promotes the proliferation and invasion of murine melanoma cells through up-regulating JNK expression and strategies targeting PRDM5 may be promising for the therapy of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Ding
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shan-Shan Gao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hai-Jie Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mian Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yu Shi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bin-Feng Cheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jia-Jia Bi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China. ,
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Marzec-Kotarska B, Cybulski M, Kotarski JC, Ronowicz A, Tarkowski R, Polak G, Antosz H, Piotrowski A, Kotarski J. Molecular bases of aberrant miR-182 expression in ovarian cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2016; 55:877-89. [PMID: 27295517 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular bases of miR-182 deregulation in epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) remain unknown and its diagnostic or prognostic role in EOCs is still unclear. We performed miR-182 expression analysis using a microarray approach and real-time PCR (qPCR). We also used array comparative genomic hybridization and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation to study copy number changes and methylation aberrations within coding locus/promoter sequences of miR-182 in EOC tissues, respectively. We have found that miR-182 expression is significantly increased in EOC (P < 0.00001) and that higher miR-182 expression in EOC is linked with significantly shorter overall survival (P = 0.026). The methylation of miR-182 promoter was significantly associated with lower miR-182 expression in EOC tissues (P = 0.045). miR-182 over-expression is connected with copy number (CN) gains of this miRNA coding sequences in EOC (P = 0.002), and the number of PRDM5 copies is significantly and inversely correlated with miR-182 expression evaluated by qPCR (R = -0.615, P = 0.009). We conclude that the aberrant miR-182 expression in EOC may be due to CN gains within its coding locus. The miR-182 promoter is rarely methylated in EOC, and its methylation status is associated with lower miR-182 expression. Deletion of the PRDM5 locus may play a supportive role in miR-182 overexpression in EOC. miR-182 is an unfavorable prognostic factor in EOC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marek Cybulski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Józef Czesław Kotarski
- Second Department of Gynecological Oncology, St. John's Cancer Oncology Center Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Ronowicz
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Tarkowski
- 1 st Department of Gynecological Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Polak
- 1 st Department of Gynecological Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Halina Antosz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Piotrowski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan Kotarski
- 1 st Department of Gynecological Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Pagano F, De Marinis E, Grignani F, Nervi C. Epigenetic role of miRNAs in normal and leukemic hematopoiesis. Epigenomics 2016; 5:539-52. [PMID: 24059800 DOI: 10.2217/epi.13.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a regulated multistep process, whereby transcriptional and epigenetic events contribute to progenitor fate determination. miRNAs have emerged as key players in hematopoietic cell development, differentiation and malignant transformation. From embryonic development through to adult life, miRNAs cooperate with, or are regulated, by epigenetic factors. Moreover, recent findings suggest that they contribute to chromatin structural modification, and the functional relevance of this 'epigenetic-miRNA axis' will be discussed in this article. Finally, emerging evidence has highlighted that miRNAs have functional control in human hematopoietic cells, involving targeted recruitment of epigenetic complexes to evolutionarily conserved complementary genomic loci. We propose the existence of epigenetic-miRNA loops that are able to organize the whole gene expression profile in hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pagano
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences & Biotechnologies, University La Sapienza, Latina, 04100, Italy
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Upregulation of PRDM5 Is Associated with Astrocyte Proliferation and Neuronal Apoptosis Caused by Lipopolysaccharide. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 59:146-57. [PMID: 27074744 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0744-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Nassirpour R, Raj D, Townsend R, Argyropoulos C. MicroRNA biomarkers in clinical renal disease: from diabetic nephropathy renal transplantation and beyond. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 98:73-88. [PMID: 26925770 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a common health problem affecting 1 in 12 Americans. It is associated with elevated risks of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and high costs for the treatment of renal failure with dialysis or transplantation. Advances in CKD care are impeded by the lack of biomarkers for early diagnosis, assessment of the extent of tissue injury, estimation of disease progression, and evaluation of response to therapy. Such biomarkers should improve the performance of existing measures of renal functional impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR) or kidney damage (proteinuria). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) a class of small, non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional repressors are gaining momentum as biomarkers in a number of disease areas. In this review, we examine the potential utility of miRNAs as promising biomarkers for renal disease. We explore the performance of miRNAs as biomarkers in two clinically important forms of CKD, diabetes and the nephropathy developing in kidney transplant recipients. Finally, we highlight the pitfalls and opportunities of miRNAs and provide a broad perspective for the future clinical development of miRNAs as biomarkers in CKD beyond the current gold standards of eGFR and albuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rounak Nassirpour
- Drug Safety, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Dominic Raj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Renal Disease and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raymond Townsend
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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The role of PRDMs in cancer: one family, two sides. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2016; 36:83-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Chi J, Cohen P. The Multifaceted Roles of PRDM16: Adipose Biology and Beyond. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:11-23. [PMID: 26688472 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The PRDM [PRDI-BFI (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1) homologous domain containing] protein family is involved in a spectrum of biological processes including cell fate determination and development. These proteins regulate transcription through intrinsic chromatin-modifying activity or by complexing with histone-modifying or other nuclear proteins. Studies have indicated crucial roles for PRDM16 in the determination and function of brown and beige fat as well as in hematopoiesis and cardiac development, highlighting the importance of PRDM16 in developmental processes in different tissues. More recently, PRDM16 mutations were also identified in humans. The substantial progress in understanding the mechanism underlying the action of PRDM16 in adipose biology may have relevance to other PRDM family members, and this new knowledge has the potential to be exploited for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Chi
- The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Paul Cohen
- The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Porter LF, Galli GG, Williamson S, Selley J, Knight D, Elcioglu N, Aydin A, Elcioglu M, Venselaar H, Lund AH, Bonshek R, Black GC, Manson FD. A role for repressive complexes and H3K9 di-methylation in PRDM5-associated brittle cornea syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:6565-79. [PMID: 26395458 PMCID: PMC4634368 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 brittle cornea syndrome (BCS2) is an inherited connective tissue disease with a devastating ocular phenotype caused by mutations in the transcription factor PR domain containing 5 (PRDM5) hypothesized to exert epigenetic effects through histone and DNA methylation. Here we investigate clinical samples, including skin fibroblasts and retinal tissue from BCS2 patients, to elucidate the epigenetic role of PRDM5 and mechanisms of its dysregulation in disease. First we report abnormal retinal vascular morphology in the eyes of two cousins with BCS2 (PRDM5 Δ exons 9-14) using immunohistochemistry, and mine data from skin fibroblast expression microarrays from patients with PRDM5 mutations p.Arg590* and Δ exons 9-14, as well as from a PRDM5 ChIP-sequencing experiment. Gene ontology analysis of dysregulated PRDM5-target genes reveals enrichment for extracellular matrix (ECM) genes supporting vascular integrity and development. Q-PCR and ChIP-qPCR confirm upregulation of critical mediators of ECM stability in vascular structures (COL13A1, COL15A1, NTN1, CDH5) in patient fibroblasts. We identify H3K9 di-methylation (H3K9me2) at these PRDM5-target genes in fibroblasts, and demonstrate that the BCS2 mutation p.Arg83Cys diminishes interaction of PRDM5 with repressive complexes, including NuRD complex protein CHD4, and the repressive chromatin interactor HP1BP3, by co-immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry. We observe reduced heterochromatin protein 1 binding protein 3 (HP1BP3) staining in the retinas of two cousins lacking exons 9-14 by immunohistochemistry, and dysregulated H3K9me2 in skin fibroblasts of three patients (p.Arg590*, p.Glu134* and Δ exons 9-14) by western blotting. These findings suggest that defective interaction of PRDM5 with repressive complexes, and dysregulation of H3K9me2, play a role in PRDM5-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise F Porter
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK, Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK, Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Giorgio G Galli
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Department and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre and Centre for Epigenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sally Williamson
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Julian Selley
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Manchester, UK
| | - David Knight
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Manchester, UK
| | - Nursel Elcioglu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Aydin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Medipol Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Elcioglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okmeydani Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hanka Venselaar
- Centre of Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboudumc Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands and
| | - Anders H Lund
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre and Centre for Epigenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Richard Bonshek
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK, National Ophthalmic Pathology Service Laboratory, Department of Histopathology, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Graeme C Black
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK, Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| | - Forbes D Manson
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
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Zannino DA, Sagerström CG. An emerging role for prdm family genes in dorsoventral patterning of the vertebrate nervous system. Neural Dev 2015; 10:24. [PMID: 26499851 PMCID: PMC4620005 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-015-0052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The embryonic vertebrate neural tube is divided along its dorsoventral (DV) axis into eleven molecularly discrete progenitor domains. Each of these domains gives rise to distinct neuronal cell types; the ventral-most six domains contribute to motor circuits, while the five dorsal domains contribute to sensory circuits. Following the initial neurogenesis step, these domains also generate glial cell types—either astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. This DV pattern is initiated by two morphogens—Sonic Hedgehog released from notochord and floor plate and Bone Morphogenetic Protein produced in the roof plate—that act in concentration gradients to induce expression of genes along the DV axis. Subsequently, these DV-restricted genes cooperate to define progenitor domains and to control neuronal cell fate specification and differentiation in each domain. Many genes involved in this process have been identified, but significant gaps remain in our understanding of the underlying genetic program. Here we review recent work identifying members of the Prdm gene family as novel regulators of DV patterning in the neural tube. Many Prdm proteins regulate transcription by controlling histone modifications (either via intrinsic histone methyltransferase activity, or by recruiting histone modifying enzymes). Prdm genes are expressed in spatially restricted domains along the DV axis of the neural tube and play important roles in the specification of progenitor domains, as well as in the subsequent differentiation of motor neurons and various types of interneurons. Strikingly, Prdm proteins appear to function by binding to, and modulating the activity of, other transcription factors (particularly bHLH proteins). The identity of key transcription factors in DV patterning of the neural tube has been elucidated previously (e.g. the nkx, bHLH and pax families), but it now appears that an additional family is also required and that it acts in a potentially novel manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise A Zannino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation St./LRB815, Worcester, MA, 01605-2324, USA.
| | - Charles G Sagerström
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation St./LRB815, Worcester, MA, 01605-2324, USA.
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Chiurillo MA. Role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in gastric cancer: An in-depth literature review. World J Exp Med 2015; 5:84-102. [PMID: 25992323 PMCID: PMC4436943 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v5.i2.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the most common cancers worldwide and one of the leading cause for cancer-related deaths. Gastric adenocarcinoma is a multifactorial disease that is genetically, cytologically and architecturally more heterogeneous than other gastrointestinal carcinomas. The aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the development and progression of a significant proportion of gastric cancer cases. This review focuses on the participation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in gastric cancer by offering an analysis of the relevant literature published in this field. Indeed, it is discussed the role of key factors in Wnt/β-catenin signaling and their downstream effectors regulating processes involved in tumor initiation, tumor growth, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Available data indicate that constitutive Wnt signalling resulting from Helicobacter pylori infection and inactivation of Wnt inhibitors (mainly by inactivating mutations and promoter hypermethylation) play an important role in gastric cancer. Moreover, a number of recent studies confirmed CTNNB1 and APC as driver genes in gastric cancer. The identification of specific membrane, intracellular, and extracellular components of the Wnt pathway has revealed potential targets for gastric cancer therapy. High-throughput “omics” approaches will help in the search for Wnt pathway antagonist in the near future.
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Van Damme T, Syx D, Coucke P, Symoens S, De Paepe A, Malfait F. Genetics of the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome: more than collagen disorders. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2015. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2015.1022528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Ebina W, Rossi DJ. Transcription factor-mediated reprogramming toward hematopoietic stem cells. EMBO J 2015; 34:694-709. [PMID: 25712209 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201490804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo generation of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from renewable cell types has been a long sought-after but elusive goal in regenerative medicine. Paralleling efforts to guide pluripotent stem cell differentiation by manipulating developmental cues, substantial progress has been made recently toward HSC generation via combinatorial transcription factor (TF)-mediated fate conversion, a paradigm established by Yamanaka's induction of pluripotency in somatic cells by mere four TFs. This review will integrate the recently reported strategies to directly convert a variety of starting cell types toward HSCs in the context of hematopoietic transcriptional regulation and discuss how these findings could be further developed toward the ultimate generation of therapeutic human HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Ebina
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Derrick J Rossi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Bond CE, Bettington ML, Pearson SA, McKeone DM, Leggett BA, Whitehall VLJ. Methylation and expression of the tumour suppressor, PRDM5, in colorectal cancer and polyp subgroups. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:20. [PMID: 25613750 PMCID: PMC4318154 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PRDM5 is an epigenetic regulator that has been recognized as an important tumour suppressor gene. Silencing of PRDM5 by promoter hypermethylation has been demonstrated in several cancer types and PRDM5 loss results in upregulation of the Wnt pathway and increased cellular proliferation. PRDM5 has not been extensively investigated in specific subtypes of colorectal cancers. We hypothesized it would be more commonly methylated and inactivated in serrated pathway colorectal cancers that are hallmarked by a BRAF V600E mutation and a methylator phenotype, compared to traditional pathway cancers that are BRAF wild type. METHODS Cancer (214 BRAF mutant, 122 BRAF wild type) and polyp (59 serrated polyps, 40 conventional adenomas) cohorts were analysed for PRDM5 promoter methylation using MethyLight technology. PRDM5 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in cancers and polyps. Mutation of PRDM5 was analysed using cBioPortal's publicly available database. RESULTS BRAF mutant cancers had significantly more frequent PRDM5 promoter methylation than BRAF wild type cancers (77/214,36% vs 4/122,3%; p<0.0001). Serrated type polyps had a lower methylation rate than cancers but were more commonly methylated than conventional adenomas (6/59,10% vs 0/40,0%). PRDM5 methylation was associated with advanced stages of presentation (p<0.05) and the methylator phenotype (p=0.03). PRDM5 protein expression was substantially down-regulated in both BRAF mutant and wild type cancer cohorts (92/97,95% and 39/44,89%). The polyp subgroups showed less silencing than the cancers, but similar rates were found between the serrated and conventional polyp cohorts (29/59, 49%; 23/40, 58% respectively). Of 295 colorectal cancers, PRDM5 was mutated in only 6 (2%) cancers which were all BRAF wild type. CONCLUSIONS Serrated pathway colorectal cancers demonstrated early and progressive PRDM5 methylation with advancing disease. Interestingly, PRDM5 protein expression was substantially reduced in all polyp types and more so in cancers which also indicates early and increasing PRDM5 down-regulation with disease progression. Methylation may be contributing to gene silencing in a proportion of BRAF mutant cancers, but the large extent of absent protein expression indicates other mechanisms are also responsible for this. These data suggest that PRDM5 is a relevant tumour suppressor gene that is frequently targeted in colorectal tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Bond
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Mark L Bettington
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Sally-Ann Pearson
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Diane M McKeone
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Barbara A Leggett
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Vicki L J Whitehall
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,Pathology Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Emerging role of PR domain containing 5 (PRDM5) as a broad tumor suppressor in human cancers. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:1-3. [PMID: 25501702 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
The PR-domain (PRDM) family of genes encodes transcriptional regulators, several of which are deregulated in cancer. By using a functional screening approach, we sought to identify novel tumor suppressors among the PRDMs. Here we demonstrate oncogenic collaboration between depletion of the previously uncharacterized PR-domain family member Prdm11 and overexpression of MYC. Overexpression of PRDM11 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis. Prdm11 knockout mice are viable, and loss of Prdm11 accelerates MYC-driven lymphomagenesis in the Eµ-Myc mouse model. Moreover, we show that patients with PRDM11-deficient diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) have poorer overall survival and belong to the nongerminal center B-cell-like subtype. Mechanistically, genome-wide mapping of PRDM11 binding sites coupled with transcriptome sequencing in human DLBCL cells evidenced that PRDM11 associates with transcriptional start sites of target genes and regulates important oncogenes such as FOS and JUN. Hence, we characterize PRDM11 as a putative novel tumor suppressor that controls the expression of key oncogenes, and we add new mechanistic insight into B-cell lymphomagenesis.
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Gewies A, Castineiras-Vilarino M, Ferch U, Jährling N, Heinrich K, Hoeckendorf U, Przemeck GKH, Munding M, Groß O, Schroeder T, Horsch M, Karran EL, Majid A, Antonowicz S, Beckers J, Hrabé de Angelis M, Dodt HU, Peschel C, Förster I, Dyer MJS, Ruland J. Prdm6 is essential for cardiovascular development in vivo. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81833. [PMID: 24278461 PMCID: PMC3836774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the PRDM protein family have been shown to play important roles during embryonic development. Previous in vitro and in situ analyses indicated a function of Prdm6 in cells of the vascular system. To reveal physiological functions of Prdm6, we generated conditional Prdm6-deficient mice. Complete deletion of Prdm6 results in embryonic lethality due to cardiovascular defects associated with aberrations in vascular patterning. However, smooth muscle cells could be regularly differentiated from Prdm6-deficient embryonic stem cells and vascular smooth muscle cells were present and proliferated normally in Prdm6-deficient embryos. Conditional deletion of Prdm6 in the smooth muscle cell lineage using a SM22-Cre driver line resulted in perinatal lethality due to hemorrhage in the lungs. We thus identified Prdm6 as a factor that is essential for the physiological control of cardiovascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Gewies
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratory of Signaling in the Immune System, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mercedes Castineiras-Vilarino
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Uta Ferch
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Jährling
- Department of Bioelectronics, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Brain Research, Section of Bioelectronics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Katja Heinrich
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Hoeckendorf
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard K. H. Przemeck
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Munding
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Stem Cell Dynamics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Groß
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Timm Schroeder
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Stem Cell Dynamics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marion Horsch
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - E. Loraine Karran
- MRC Toxicology Unit and Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Aneela Majid
- MRC Toxicology Unit and Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Antonowicz
- MRC Toxicology Unit and Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabé de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Dodt
- Department of Bioelectronics, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Brain Research, Section of Bioelectronics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Peschel
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Irmgard Förster
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin J. S. Dyer
- MRC Toxicology Unit and Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratory of Signaling in the Immune System, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site München, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Verma M, Karimiani EG, Byers RJ, Rehman S, Westerhoff HV, Day PJR. Mathematical modelling of miRNA mediated BCR.ABL protein regulation in chronic myeloid leukaemia vis-a-vis therapeutic strategies. Integr Biol (Camb) 2013; 5:543-54. [PMID: 23340812 DOI: 10.1039/c3ib20230e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease resulting from an aberrant BCR.ABL gene and protein. To predict BCR.ABL protein abundance and phosphorylation in individual cells in a population of CML cells, we modelled BCR.ABL protein regulation through associated miRNAs using a systems approach. The model rationalizes the level of BCR.ABL protein heterogeneity in CML cells in correlation with the heterogeneous BCR.ABL mRNA levels. We also measured BCR.ABL mRNA and BCR.ABLp phosphorylation in individual cells. The experimental data were consistent with the modelling results, thereby partly validating the model. Provided it is tested further, the model may be used to support effective therapeutic strategies including the combined application of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and miRNAs targeting BCR.ABL. It appears able to predict different effects of the two types of drug on cells with different expression levels and consequently different effects on the generation of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malkhey Verma
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School for Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
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Genomic and proteomic analyses of Prdm5 reveal interactions with insulator binding proteins in embryonic stem cells. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 33:4504-16. [PMID: 24043305 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00545-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PRDM proteins belong to the SET domain protein family, which is involved in the regulation of gene expression. Although few PRDM members possess histone methyltransferase activity, the molecular mechanisms by which the other members exert transcriptional regulation remain to be delineated. In this study, we find that Prdm5 is highly expressed in mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells and exploit this cellular system to characterize molecular functions of Prdm5. By combining proteomics and next-generation sequencing technologies, we identify Prdm5 interaction partners and genomic occupancy. We demonstrate that although Prdm5 is dispensable for mES cell maintenance, it directly targets genomic regions involved in early embryonic development and affects the expression of a subset of developmental regulators during cell differentiation. Importantly, Prdm5 interacts with Ctcf, cohesin, and TFIIIC and cooccupies genomic loci. In summary, our data indicate how Prdm5 modulates transcription by interacting with factors involved in genome organization in mouse embryonic stem cells.
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Prdm5 suppresses Apc(Min)-driven intestinal adenomas and regulates monoacylglycerol lipase expression. Oncogene 2013; 33:3342-50. [PMID: 23873026 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PRDM proteins are tissue-specific transcription factors often deregulated in diseases, particularly in cancer where different members have been found to act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. PRDM5 is a poorly characterized member of the PRDM family for which several studies have reported a high frequency of promoter hypermethylation in cancer types of gastrointestinal origin. We report here the characterization of Prdm5 knockout mice in the context of intestinal carcinogenesis. We demonstrate that loss of Prdm5 increases the number of adenomas throughout the murine small intestine on an Apc(Min) background. By using the genome-wide ChIP-seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) followed by DNA sequencing) and transcriptome analyses we identify loci encoding proteins involved in metabolic processes as prominent PRDM5 targets and characterize monoacylglycerol lipase (Mgll) as a direct PRDM5 target in human colon cancer cells and in Prdm5 mutant mouse intestines. Moreover, we report the downregulation of PRDM5 protein expression in human colon neoplastic lesions. In summary, our data provide the first causal link between Prdm5 loss and intestinal carcinogenesis, and uncover an extensive and novel PRDM5 target repertoire likely facilitating the tumor-suppressive functions of PRDM5.
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Burkitt Wright EMM, Porter LF, Spencer HL, Clayton-Smith J, Au L, Munier FL, Smithson S, Suri M, Rohrbach M, Manson FDC, Black GCM. Brittle cornea syndrome: recognition, molecular diagnosis and management. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2013; 8:68. [PMID: 23642083 PMCID: PMC3659006 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brittle cornea syndrome (BCS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by extreme corneal thinning and fragility. Corneal rupture can therefore occur either spontaneously or following minimal trauma in affected patients. Two genes, ZNF469 and PRDM5, have now been identified, in which causative pathogenic mutations collectively account for the condition in nearly all patients with BCS ascertained to date. Therefore, effective molecular diagnosis is now available for affected patients, and those at risk of being heterozygous carriers for BCS. We have previously identified mutations in ZNF469 in 14 families (in addition to 6 reported by others in the literature), and in PRDM5 in 8 families (with 1 further family now published by others). Clinical features include extreme corneal thinning with rupture, high myopia, blue sclerae, deafness of mixed aetiology with hypercompliant tympanic membranes, and variable skeletal manifestations. Corneal rupture may be the presenting feature of BCS, and it is possible that this may be incorrectly attributed to non-accidental injury. Mainstays of management include the prevention of ocular rupture by provision of protective polycarbonate spectacles, careful monitoring of visual and auditory function, and assessment for skeletal complications such as developmental dysplasia of the hip. Effective management depends upon appropriate identification of affected individuals, which may be challenging given the phenotypic overlap of BCS with other connective tissue disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M M Burkitt Wright
- Genetic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Di Zazzo E, De Rosa C, Abbondanza C, Moncharmont B. PRDM Proteins: Molecular Mechanisms in Signal Transduction and Transcriptional Regulation. BIOLOGY 2013; 2:107-41. [PMID: 24832654 PMCID: PMC4009873 DOI: 10.3390/biology2010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PRDM (PRDI-BF1 and RIZ homology domain containing) protein family members are characterized by the presence of a PR domain and a variable number of Zn-finger repeats. Experimental evidence has shown that the PRDM proteins play an important role in gene expression regulation, modifying the chromatin structure either directly, through the intrinsic methyltransferase activity, or indirectly through the recruitment of chromatin remodeling complexes. PRDM proteins have a dual action: they mediate the effect induced by different cell signals like steroid hormones and control the expression of growth factors. PRDM proteins therefore have a pivotal role in the transduction of signals that control cell proliferation and differentiation and consequently neoplastic transformation. In this review, we describe pathways in which PRDM proteins are involved and the molecular mechanism of their transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Medicine and health sciences, University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
| | - Caterina De Rosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and general Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy.
| | - Ciro Abbondanza
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and general Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. De Crecchio 7, Napoli 80138, Italy.
| | - Bruno Moncharmont
- Department of Medicine and health sciences, University of Molise, via De Sanctis snc, Campobasso 86100, Italy.
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